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Journal articles on the topic 'Fibre Janus'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 23 September 2022

Last updated: 27 January 2023

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1

Fan, Zhe, Qiao Sun, Lei Du, and Jie Bai. "Janus-configured all fibre laser Doppler velocimetry." IET Optoelectronics 12, no. 1 (February 1, 2018): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-opt.2017.0047.

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2

Yu, Xiaotian, Xian Zhang, Yajie Xing, Hongjing Zhang, Wuwei Jiang, Ke Zhou, and Yongqiang Li. "Development of Janus Cellulose Acetate Fiber (CA) Membranes for Highly Efficient Oil–Water Separation." Materials 14, no. 20 (October 9, 2021): 5916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14205916.

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A new type of Janus cellulose acetate (CA) fiber membrane was used to separate oil–water emulsions, which was prepared with plasma gas phase grafting by polymerizing octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4) onto a CA fiber membrane prepared by centrifugal spinning. The Janus–CA fiber membrane was described in terms of chemical structure using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis and morphology by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). In this contribution, we examine the influence of spinning solution concentration, spinning speed and nozzle aperture on the centrifugal spinning process and the fiber morphology. Superhydrophobic/hydrophilic Janus–CA fiber membrane was used to separate water and 1,2-dibromoethane mixture and Toluene-in-water emulsion. Unidirectional water transfer Janus–CA fiber membrane was used to separate n-hexane and water mixture. The separation for the first-time interception rate was about 98.81%, 98.76% and 98.73%, respectively. Experimental results revealed that the Janus cellulose acetate (CA) fiber membrane gave a permeate flux of about 43.32, 331.72 and 275.27 L/(m2·h), respectively. The novel Janus–CA fiber membrane can potentially be used for sustainable W/O emulsion separation. We believe that this is a facile strategy for construction of filtration materials for practical oil–water separation.

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3

Zakharov, A. P., and L. M. Pismen. "Active textiles with Janus fibres." Soft Matter 14, no. 5 (2018): 676–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7sm02086d.

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4

Geng, Yuting, Pan Zhang, Qiutong Wang, Yangxiu Liu, and Kai Pan. "Novel PAN/PVP Janus ultrafine fiber membrane and its application for biphasic drug release." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 5, no. 27 (2017): 5390–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7tb00929a.

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5

Budi, M. A. K., E. B. Glass, N. G. Rudawski, and J. S. Andrew. "Exchange bias in bismuth ferrite/cobalt ferrite Janus nanofibers." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 5, no. 33 (2017): 8586–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7tc00975e.

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Bismuth ferrite:cobalt ferrite (BiFeO₃:CoFe₂O₄) nanofibers with tailorable exchange bias effects were synthesized utilizing a Janus type morphology, wherein both phases are coupled longitudinally along the length of each fiber.

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6

Shah, Aayush A., Benjamin Schultz, Wenjia Zhang, Sharon C. Glotzer, and Michael J. Solomon. "Actuation of shape-memory colloidal fibres of Janus ellipsoids." Nature Materials 14, no. 1 (November 10, 2014): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nmat4111.

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7

LIEBERT, M. "THE JANUS COLOURS AND THEIR APPLICATION TO ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE FIBRES." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 14, no. 11 (October 22, 2008): 222–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1898.tb00130.x.

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8

Yokoyama, Satsuki. "Factors Related to the Mental Health of Fire Fighting Staff." Journal of Japan Academy of Nursing Science 30, no. 2 (2010): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5630/jans.30.2_64.

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9

Kim, In Ho, Tae Hong Im, Han Eol Lee, Ji‐Soo Jang, Hee Seung Wang, Gil Yong Lee, Il‐Doo Kim, Keon Jae Lee, and Sang Ouk Kim. "Janus Graphene Liquid Crystalline Fiber with Tunable Properties Enabled by Ultrafast Flash Reduction." Small 15, no. 48 (July 2019): 1901529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.201901529.

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10

Zhou, Qingxin, Hao Li, Dingding Li, Beibei Wang, Hui Wang, Jinbo Bai, Shenghua Ma, and Gang Wang. "A graphene assembled porous fiber-based Janus membrane for highly effective solar steam generation." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 592 (June 2021): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2021.02.045.

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11

Michalovič, Peter. "With the Litle Help from Janis Joplin." Slovenske divadlo /The Slovak Theatre 66, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 409–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sd-2018-0025.

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Abstract Shortly before his death Hungarian writer and essayist Péter Esterházy (1950 – 2016) wrote the dramatic text of Mercedes Benz – Historical Revue in two parts for the Slovak National Theatre. In particular, it focuses on the famous noble family Esterházy’s influence in Slovakia. The author of the play had a very strong association with this matter. In his writing Péter Esterházy used a wide range of intertextualities: his literary texts are like the fabric spun from fibres of the autobiography of his own family history, but also fragments of Hungarian and Slovak history, legends, tales, as well as hearsay and myths. The interpreted dramatic text is remarkable because Esterházy, in addition to intertextual recycling of his own texts, also exploits the texts of the Hungarian classic author Imre Madách The Tragedy of Man. The author of the study has focused on clarifying the function, specification and effects of Esterházy’s intertextual writing.

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12

Yan, Weian, Dongyang Miao, Aijaz Ahmed Babar, Jing Zhao, Yongtang Jia, Bin Ding, and Xianfeng Wang. "Multi-scaled interconnected inter- and intra-fiber porous janus membranes for enhanced directional moisture transport." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 565 (April 2020): 426–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2020.01.063.

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13

Li, Hao-Nan, Jing Yang, and Zhi-Kang Xu. "Hollow fiber membranes with Janus surfaces for continuous deemulsification and separation of oil-in-water emulsions." Journal of Membrane Science 602 (May 2020): 117964. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2020.117964.

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14

Gumennik, Alexander, Etgar C. Levy, Benjamin Grena, Chong Hou, Michael Rein, Ayman F. Abouraddy, John D. Joannopoulos, and Yoel Fink. "Confined in-fiber solidification and structural control of silicon and silicon−germanium microparticles." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114, no. 28 (June 22, 2017): 7240–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1707778114.

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Crystallization of microdroplets of molten alloys could, in principle, present a number of possible morphological outcomes, depending on the symmetry of the propagating solidification front and its velocity, such as axial or spherically symmetric species segregation. However, because of thermal or constitutional supercooling, resulting droplets often only display dendritic morphologies. Here we report on the crystallization of alloyed droplets of controlled micrometer dimensions comprising silicon and germanium, leading to a number of surprising outcomes. We first produce an array of silicon−germanium particles embedded in silica, through capillary breakup of an alloy-core silica-cladding fiber. Heating and subsequent controlled cooling of individual particles with a two-wavelength laser setup allows us to realize two different morphologies, the first being a silicon−germanium compositionally segregated Janus particle oriented with respect to the illumination axis and the second being a sphere made of dendrites of germanium in silicon. Gigapascal-level compressive stresses are measured within pure silicon solidified in silica as a direct consequence of volume-constrained solidification of a material undergoing anomalous expansion. The ability to generate microspheres with controlled morphology and unusual stresses could pave the way toward advanced integrated in-fiber electronic or optoelectronic devices.

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15

Zou, Lusi, Pri Gusnawan, Guoyin Zhang, and Jianjia Yu. "Novel Janus composite hollow fiber membrane-based direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) process for produced water desalination." Journal of Membrane Science 597 (March 2020): 117756. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117756.

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16

Losso, Jack N. "Food Processing, Dysbiosis, Gastrointestinal Inflammatory Diseases, and Antiangiogenic Functional Foods or Beverages." Annual Review of Food Science and Technology 12, no. 1 (March 25, 2021): 235–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-food-062520-090235.

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Foods and beverages provide nutrients and alter the gut microbiota, resulting in eubiosis or dysbiosis. Chronic consumption of a diet that is high in saturated or trans fats, meat proteins, reducing sugars, and salt and low in fiber induces dysbiosis. Dysbiosis, loss of redox homeostasis, mast cells, hypoxia, angiogenesis, the kynurenine pathway, transglutaminase 2, and/or the Janus kinase pathway are implicated in the pathogenesis and development of inflammatory bowel disease, celiac disease, and gastrointestinal malignancy. This review discusses the effects of oxidative, carbonyl, or glycative stress–inducing dietary ingredients or food processing–derived compounds on gut microbiota and gastrointestinal epithelial and mast cells as well as on the development of associated angiogenic diseases, including key signaling pathways. The preventive or therapeutic potential and the biochemical pathways of antiangiogenic or proangiogenic foods or beverages are also described. The outcomes of the interactions between disease pathways and components of food are critical for the design of foods and beverages for healthy lives.

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17

Hu, Ye-Qi, Hao-Nan Li, and Zhi-Kang Xu. "Janus hollow fiber membranes with functionalized outer surfaces for continuous demulsification and separation of oil-in-water emulsions." Journal of Membrane Science 648 (April 2022): 120388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2022.120388.

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18

Yang, Hao-Cheng, Wenwei Zhong, Jingwei Hou, Vicki Chen, and Zhi-Kang Xu. "Janus hollow fiber membrane with a mussel-inspired coating on the lumen surface for direct contact membrane distillation." Journal of Membrane Science 523 (February 2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.memsci.2016.09.044.

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19

Ogura, Masato, Kumiko Endo, Toshiyuki Suzuki, and Yoshimi Homma. "Prenylated quinolinecarboxylic acid compound-18 prevents sensory nerve fiber outgrowth through inhibition of the interleukin-31 pathway." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (February 4, 2021): e0246630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246630.

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Interleukin-31 (IL-31) is involved in excessive development of cutaneous sensory nerves in atopic dermatitis (AD), leading to severe pruritus. We previously reported that PQA-18, a prenylated quinolinecarboxylic acid (PQA) derivative, is an immunosuppressant with inhibition of p21-activated kinase 2 (PAK2) and improves skin lesions in Nc/Nga mice as an AD model. In the present study, we investigate the effect of PQA-18 on sensory nerves in lesional skin. PQA-18 alleviates cutaneous nerve fiber density in the skin of Nc/Nga mice. PQA-18 also inhibits IL-31-induced sensory nerve fiber outgrowth in dorsal root ganglion cultures. Signaling analysis reveals that PQA-18 suppresses phosphorylation of PAK2, Janus kinase 2, and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), activated by IL-31 receptor (IL-31R), resulting in inhibition of neurite outgrowth in Neuro2A cells. Gene silencing analysis for PAK2 confirms the requirement for STAT3 phosphorylation and neurite outgrowth elicited by IL-31R activation. LC/MS/MS analysis reveals that PQA-18 prevents the formation of PAK2 activation complexes induced by IL-31R activation. These results suggest that PQA-18 inhibits the IL-31 pathway through suppressing PAK2 activity, which suppresses sensory nerve outgrowth. PQA-18 may be a valuable lead for the development of a novel drug for pruritus of AD.

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20

Du, Zhenxing, Wenqiang Zuo, Penggang Wang, and Wei She. "Ultralight, super thermal insulation, and fire-resistant cellular cement fabricated with Janus nanoparticle stabilized ultra-stable aqueous foam." Cement and Concrete Research 162 (December 2022): 106994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2022.106994.

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21

Neil, Douglas M., and Alan D. Ansell. "The Orientation of Tail-Flip Escape Swimming in Decapod and Mysid Crustaceans." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 75, no. 1 (February 1995): 55–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315400015198.

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The orientation of tail-flip escape swimming in a range of adult decapod and mysid crustaceans is reviewed. In mechanical terms, tail-flip swimming constitutes unsteady locomotion in which a single ‘appendage’, the abdomen, produces thrust by a combination of a rowing action and a final ‘squeeze’ force when the abdomen presses against the cephalothorax. In small crustaceans, a symmetrical ‘jack-knife’ tail-flip is more typical. Tail-flip flexion is controlled by two giant-fibre pathways, and also by a non-giant-neuronal network. The direction of thrust in the sagittal plane, and hence the elevation, translation and rotation of the tail-flip are dependent upon the point of stimulation and on the giant-fibre pathway activated. The laterality of the stimulus also affects the orientation of swimming, which is directed away from the point of stimulation. In large decapods such as the lobsters Nephrops norvegicus and Jasus lalandii steering is produced by asym-metrical movements of various abdominal appendages, and by rotation of the abdomen about the cephalothorax. In slipper lobsters the flattened antennae provide steering surfaces. In smaller decapods, such as the brown shrimp Crangon crangon, and in mysids, such as Praunus flexuosus, steering is effected by a rapid rotation of the whole body about its longitudinal axis during the initial stages of tail-flip flexion. The effectiveness of tail-flip swimming is considered in the context of predator-prey interactions under natural conditions and in relation to artificial threats from fishing gear.

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22

Moore, John C., Qin Tang, Nora Torres Yordán, Finola E. Moore, Elaine G. Garcia, Riadh Lobbardi, Ashwin Ramakrishnan, et al. "Single-cell imaging of normal and malignant cell engraftment into optically clear prkdc-null SCID zebrafish." Journal of Experimental Medicine 213, no. 12 (October 24, 2016): 2575–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20160378.

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Cell transplantation into immunodeficient mice has revolutionized our understanding of regeneration, stem cell self-renewal, and cancer; yet models for direct imaging of engrafted cells has been limited. Here, we characterize zebrafish with mutations in recombination activating gene 2 (rag2), DNA-dependent protein kinase (prkdc), and janus kinase 3 (jak3). Histology, RNA sequencing, and single-cell transcriptional profiling of blood showed that rag2 hypomorphic mutant zebrafish lack T cells, whereas prkdc deficiency results in loss of mature T and B cells and jak3 in T and putative Natural Killer cells. Although all mutant lines engraft fluorescently labeled normal and malignant cells, only the prkdc mutant fish reproduced as homozygotes and also survived injury after cell transplantation. Engraftment into optically clear casper, prkdc-mutant zebrafish facilitated dynamic live cell imaging of muscle regeneration, repopulation of muscle stem cells within their endogenous niche, and muscle fiber fusion at single-cell resolution. Serial imaging approaches also uncovered stochasticity in fluorescently labeled leukemia regrowth after competitive cell transplantation into prkdc mutant fish, providing refined models to assess clonal dominance and progression in the zebrafish. Our experiments provide an optimized and facile transplantation model, the casper, prkdc mutant zebrafish, for efficient engraftment and direct visualization of fluorescently labeled normal and malignant cells at single-cell resolution.

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23

Mease, Philip. "Enthesitis in psoriatic arthritis (Part 3): clinical assessment and management." Rheumatology 59, Supplement_1 (March 1, 2020): i21—i28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rheumatology/keaa042.

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Abstract Enthesitis is a common clinical feature of PsA, which is characterized by inflammation at the site of insertion of tendons, ligaments and joint capsule fibres into bone. Enthesitis is relatively unique to the spondyloarthritides, setting this group of diseases apart from other rheumatological conditions. The pathophysiological underpinnings of this clinical domain, and the imaging assessment of it, are described in accompanying articles in this supplement. The focus of this article is on the assessment of enthesitis by physical examination, the impact of enthesitis on function and quality of life, the impact of concomitant FM on clinical assessment, and the evidence for therapy of enthesitis garnered in trials of biologic and targeted synthetic DMARDs. Several physical examination measures of enthesitis have been developed and have proved reliable in assessment of enthesitis. Enthesitis has a significant deleterious impact on function and quality of life. The presence of concomitant FM in ≤20% of patients may result in artefactual worsening of assessment of disease severity and hinder achievement of the goal of low disease activity or remission. Several targeted therapies, which, for example, target the TNF, IL-17, IL-23, phosphodiesterase 4 or Janus kinase pathways, have shown significant efficacy in the treatment of enthesitis, resulting in improvement of function and quality of life for patients with PsA.

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24

Kumar, Labeesh, Sajan Singh, Andriy Horechyy, Andreas Fery, and Bhanu Nandan. "Block Copolymer Template-Directed Catalytic Systems: Recent Progress and Perspectives." Membranes 11, no. 5 (April 27, 2021): 318. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11050318.

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Fabrication of block copolymer (BCP) template-assisted nano-catalysts has been a subject of immense interest in the field of catalysis and polymer chemistry for more than two decades now. Different methods, such as colloidal route, on-substrate methods, bulk self-assembly approaches, combined approaches, and many others have been used to prepare such nano-catalysts. The present review focuses on the advances made in this direction using diblock, triblock, and other types of BCP self-assembled structures. It will be shown how interestingly, researchers have exploited the features of tunable periodicity, domain orientation, and degree of lateral orders of self-assembled BCPs by using fundamental approaches, as well as using different combinations of simple methods to fabricate efficient catalysts. These approaches allow for fabricating catalysts that are used for the growth of single- and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) on the substrate, size-dependent electrooxidation of the carbon mono oxide, cracking of 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene (TIPB), methanol oxidation, formic acid oxidation, and for catalytic degradation of dyes and water pollutants, etc. The focus will also be on how efficient and ease-of-use catalysts can be fabricated using different BCP templates, and how these have contributed to the fabrication of different nano-catalysts, such as nanoparticle array catalysts, strawberry and Janus-like nanoparticles catalysts, mesoporous nanoparticles and film catalysts, gyroid-based bicontinuous catalysts, and hollow fiber membrane catalysts.

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25

Woods, Chris M. C., and Philip J. James. "Evaluation of visible implant fluorescent elastomer (VIE) as a tagging technique for spiny lobsters (Jasus edwardsii)." Marine and Freshwater Research 54, no. 7 (2003): 853. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf03064.

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Tagging crustaceans for growth studies is often difficult because external tags/marks may be shed or cause mortalities during moulting. In this investigation, the effectiveness of visible implant fluorescent elastomer (VIE) as an invasive tagging technique for spiny lobsters (Jasus edwardsii) was investigated over a 6-month period. Tagged lobsters were either tagged with the tag running transversely across the ventral abdominal superficial flexor muscle block (transverse VIE) in the second abdominal segment, or in-line with the ventral abdominal superficial flexor muscle block (longitudinal VIE). Non-tagged lobsters were used as the control. At the conclusion of the investigation there were no differences in growth or survival between tagged lobsters and untagged controls and tag retention rates were 100% for both tagging treatments over the 6-month period. Tag visibility was high after six months in both tagging treatments, although higher in the longitudinal VIE treatment. Tag fragmentation was frequent in the transverse VIE treatment, but infrequent in the longitudinal VIE treatment. We conclude that VIE is an effective tagging technique for J. edwardsii in terms of the high degree of tag visibility, retention, and non-detrimental impact on the growth and survival of tagged animals, provided the VIE tag is injected in-line with the orientation of the muscle fibres/tissue.

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26

Wei, Chenjie, Xihang Zhang, Shuyan Ma, Chengxiong Zhang, Yang Li, Dajing Chen, Hong Jiang, Zhikang Xu, and Xiaojun Huang. "Ultra-robust vertically aligned three-dimensional (3D) Janus hollow fiber membranes for interfacial solar-driven steam generation with salt-resistant and multi-media purification." Chemical Engineering Journal 425 (December 2021): 130118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.130118.

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27

Berger, Martin D., Sebastian Stintzing, Volker Heinemann, Dongyun Yang, Shu Cao, Yan Ning, Satoshi Okazaki, et al. "Effect of JAK2 SNP rs2274472 on outcome for mCRC patients treated with first-line FOLFIRI and bevacizumab: Data from FIRE-3 trial." Journal of Clinical Oncology 35, no. 4_suppl (February 1, 2017): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2017.35.4_suppl.595.

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595 Background: The Jak2 (Janus kinase 2) / Stat5a (signal transduction and activators of transcription 5a) pathway plays a key role in regulating cell survival, proliferation and immune function. JAK2 is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase which is stimulated by a variety of cytokines. Moreover the JAK2 / STAT5 axis is activated by hypoxia and involved in regulating angiogenesis. We therefore hypothesize that variations in the JAK2 gene may predict outcome in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) treated with first-line FOLFIRI and bevacizumab (bev). Methods: Theimpact of 2 functional SNPs within the JAK2 and STAT5a genes on outcome was evaluated in 295 pts with mCRC treated with first-line FOLFIRI / bev in the randomized phase III FIRE-3 trial. 227 pts receiving FOLFIRI and cetuximab (FIRE-3) served as a negative control. Genomic DNA was extracted from formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue and the SNPs were analyzed by PCR-based direct sequencing. Results: Baseline characteristics in the FOLFIRI / bev arm were as follows: female:male ratio = 1/3:2/3; median age = 65y (31-76) andmedian PFS/OS = 10.1/24.2 months. The JAK2 rs2274472 SNP showed significant association with progression-free survival (PFS). C allele carriers had a shorter median PFS compared to those with a T/T genotype (9.9 vs 11.7 months) in both univariate (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.00-1.69, p = 0.045) and multivariate analysis (HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.06-1.83, p = 0.018). However, this association could not be observed in patients treated with FOLFIRI and cetuximab. Here, patients harboring any C allele and T/T genotype carriers showed an equal median PFS (10.0 vs 9.9 months, HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.75-1.33, p = 1.00). Conclusions: Our results provide the first evidence that the JAK2 polymorphism rs2274472 might serve as a predictive marker in pts with mCRC treated with FOLFIRI and bev in the first line setting. Targeting the JAK2 / STAT5A axis might be a promising approach to further enlarge our treatment options against mCRC and to overcome resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy.

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Okiyama, Naoko, Yuki Ichimura, Miwako Shobo, Ryota Tanaka, Noriko Kubota, Akimasa Saito, Yosuke Ishitsuka, et al. "Immune response to dermatomyositis-specific autoantigen, transcriptional intermediary factor 1γ can result in experimental myositis." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, no. 9 (April 2, 2021): 1201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218661.

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ObjectivesTo investigate whether autoimmunity to transcriptional intermediary factor 1 (TIF1)γ, a ubiquitous nuclear autoantigen for myositis-specific autoantibodies detected in patients with dermatomyositis (DM) is pathogenetic for inflammatory myopathy.MethodsWild-type, β2-microglobulin-null, perforin-null, Igμ‐null and interferon α/β receptor (IFNAR)-null mice were immunised with recombinant human TIF1γ whole protein. A thymidine incorporation assay was performed using lymph node T cells from TIF1γ-immunised mice. Plasma was analysed using immunoprecipitation followed by western blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Femoral muscles were histologically and immunohistochemically evaluated. CD8+ or CD4+ T cells isolated from lymph node T cells or IgG purified from plasma were adoptively transferred to naïve mice. TIF1γ-immunised mice were treated with anti-CD8 depleting antibody and a Janus kinase inhibitor, tofacitinib.ResultsImmunisation with TIF1γ-induced experimental myositis presenting with necrosis/atrophy of muscle fibres accompanied by CD8+ T cell infiltration successfully in wild-type mice, in which TIF1γ-specific T cells and antihuman and murine TIF1γ IgG antibodies were detected. The incidence and severity of myositis were significantly lower in β₂-microglobulin-null, perforin-null, CD8-depleted or IFNAR-null mice, while Igμ‐null mice developed myositis normally. Adoptive transfer of CD8+ T cells induced myositis in recipients, while transfer of CD4+ T cells or IgG did not. Treatment with tofacitinib inhibited TIF1γ-induced myositis.ConclusionsHere we show that TIF1γ is immunogenic enough to cause experimental myositis, in which CD8+ T cells and type I interferons, but not CD4+ T cells, B cells or antibodies, are required. This murine model would be a tool for understanding the pathologies of DM.

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Kaulsay, Karmal K., Hichem C. Mertani, Kok-Onn Lee, and Peter E. Lobie. "Autocrine Human Growth Hormone Enhancement of Human Mammary Carcinoma Cell Spreading Is Jak2 Dependent*." Endocrinology 141, no. 4 (April 1, 2000): 1571–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo.141.4.7426.

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Abstract We investigated the role of autocrine production of human (h) GH in the attachment and spreading of mammary carcinoma cells in vitro. We used a previously described model system for the study of the autocrine/paracrine role of GH in which the hGH gene (MCF-hGH) or a translation-deficient hGH gene (MCF-MUT) was stably transfected into MCF-7 cells. No differences in attachment to a collagen matrix between MCF-hGH and MCF-MUT cells were observed in either serum-free medium (SFM) or medium containing exogenous hGH, 5% serum, or 10% serum. In contrast, MCF-hGH cells spread more rapidly on a collagen matrix than did MCF-MUT cells. Exogenous hGH and 10% serum interacted with autocrine production of hGH in an additive manner to increase cell spreading. MCF-hGH cells formed filipodia and stress fibers earlier than MCF-MUT cells during the process of cell spreading and possessed marked differences in morphology after spreading. MCF-MUT cells displayed uniform and symmetrical formation of stress fibers, whereas MCF-hGH cells displayed irregular and elongated stress fiber formation. The level of cytoplasmic phosphotyrosine was increased in MCF-hGH compared with MCF-MUT cells during spreading and displayed colocalization with Janus kinase 2 (JAK2). Basal JAK2 tyrosine phosphorylation was increased, and it increased further on spreading in MCF-hGH cells compared with MCF-MUT cells. Transient transfection of JAK2 complementary DNA resulted in interaction with autocrine hGH to increase the rate of cell spreading in MCF-hGH cells compared with MCF-MUT cells. Treatment with a selective JAK2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (AG 490) reduced the rate of MCF-hGH cell spreading to the rate of MCF-MUT cell spreading. Thus, we conclude that autocrine production of hGH enhances the rate of mammary carcinoma cell spreading in a JAK2-dependent manner.

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30

Liu, Yung-Yang, and Li-Fu Li. "Ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction in critical illness." Experimental Biology and Medicine 243, no. 17-18 (November 19, 2018): 1331–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1535370218811950.

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Mechanical ventilation is an essential intervention for intensive care unit patients with acute lung injury. However, the use of controlled mechanical ventilation in both animal and human models causes ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction, wherein a substantial reduction in diaphragmatic force-generating capacity occurs, along with structural injury and atrophy of diaphragm muscle fibers. Although diaphragm dysfunction, noted in most mechanically ventilated patients, is correlated with poor clinical outcome, the specific pathophysiology underlying ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction requires further elucidation. Numerous factors may underlie this condition in humans as well as animals, such as increased oxidative stress, calcium-activated calpain and caspase-3, the ubiquitin–proteasome system, autophagy–lysosomal pathway, and proapoptotic proteins. All these alter protein synthesis and degradation, thus resulting in muscle atrophy and impaired contractility and compromising oxidative phosphorylation and upregulating glycolysis associated with impaired mitochondrial function. Furthermore, infection combined with mechanical stretch may induce multisystem organ failure and render the diaphragm more sensitive to ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction. Herein, several major cellular mechanisms associated with autophagy, apoptosis, and mitochondrial biogenesis—including toll-like receptor 4, nuclear factor-κB, Src, class O of forkhead box, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, and Janus kinase—are reviewed. In addition, we discuss the potential therapeutic strategies used to ameliorate ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction and thus prevent delay in the management of patients under prolonged duration of mechanical ventilation. Impact statement Mechanical ventilation (MV) is life-saving for patients with acute respiratory failure but also causes difficult liberation of patients from ventilator due to rapid decrease of diaphragm muscle endurance and strength, which is termed ventilator-induced diaphragmatic damage (VIDD). Numerous studies have revealed that VIDD could increase extubation failure, ICU stay, ICU mortality, and healthcare expenditures. However, the mechanisms of VIDD, potentially involving a multistep process including muscle atrophy, oxidative loads, structural damage, and muscle fiber remodeling, are not fully elucidated. Further research is necessary to unravel mechanistic framework for understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying VIDD, especially mitochondrial dysfunction and increased mitochondrial oxidative stress, and develop better MV strategies, rehabilitative programs, and pharmacologic agents to translate this knowledge into clinical benefits.

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Mishra, Alka, Lalima Batham, Shilpi Verma, Saurabh Mishra, and Vandana Shrivastava. "Management of the Symptoms associated with Osteoarthritis of the Knee through an Integrated Approach including Yagya Therapy." Interdisciplinary Journal of Yagya Research 2, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.36018/ijyr.v2i2.25.

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Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is a major cause of mobility impairment. Therapeutic interventions conventionally employed for OA include the use of physiotherapy, patient education and weight control, drug therapy that includes non-opioid analgesics, topical analgesics, opioid analgesics and intra articular steroid injection. At times, cases of OA also extend on to knee arthroplasty (knee- replacement) surgery too. However, side-effect free, long-term management of this disease still remains a challenge. Purpose: Classical Ayurveda locks in the symptoms of Osteoarthritis as Janu Sandhigata Vata, where Janu refers to knee, sandhi is joint and Vata is the air element permeating the knee joint – in this case,.With advancing age, the influence of Vata Dosha increases, resulting in the gradual degeneration of the body. Sandhigata Vata can be defined as a disease of sandhi (articulation) with symptoms of - sandhi shool(shola- pain) (joint pain), sandhi shotha (shotha - inflammation) (inflamation in joints), etc. Hence, the medicinal herbs that balance the Vata Dosha, as well as provide nourishment to the body tissues, are used in the Ayurvedic treatment of OA of the knee. A number of medicinal herbs have been found to be effective in this regard. Yagya Therapy provides pulmonary inhalation of medicinal smoke of multiple herbs (generated through oblation in fire along with chanting of Vedic hymns), which have the potential for the treatment of OA of the knee, and associated difficulties. Methodology: A case report about a male patient, who was suffering from Osteoarthritis (OA) in the right knee, as well as other associated difficulties, has been presented in this article. The patient was prescribed an integrated approach pivoting onYagya Therapy (using an appropriate herbal formulation - hawan-samagri), and some other Ayurvedic treatments like decoction (kwath) of medicinal herbs, Ayurvedic medicines, dietary restrictions, etc. Discussion: Before taking up the integrated approach pivoting on Yagya Therapy (prescribed in the present study), the patient suffered from excruciating knee-pain that resulted in a limping gait. Post-initiation of the prescribed treatment the pain issue accompanied by limping gait is seen to be almost completely resolved. The patient is able to manage long walks up to half a kilometer without experiencing discomfort. . Earlier, the patient had to take support while changing posture from sitting to standing, and vice-versa; now he can change posture without support; Prior to therapy, patient was not able to sit cross legged on floor, which is an integral part of Indian lifestyle – now he does so, sans any discomfort. There is a definite amelioration in the patient’s pain management regime. Conclusion: The present study shows encouraging result with regards to the effectiveness of integrated approach including Yagya Therapy in the treatment of symptoms associated with OA of the knee, and associated complexities.

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Krützfeldt, Jan, and Alexandra Fahrner. "OR24-1 Paracrine Growth Factor Signaling Regulates Muscle Regeneration in Aged Mice via microRNA 501." Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): A351. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.729.

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Abstract Background Skeletal muscle is one of to the most dynamic and plastic tissues. The capacity to regenerate arises from adult muscle stem cells termed myogenic progenitors (MPs) that are activated in response to injury and differentiate to replenish damaged muscle fibers. The age-related loss of muscle mass is reflected in the reduced regenerative potential of MPs. The underlying mechanisms are still unclear and insights into alterations in adult muscle stem cells during ageing are urgently needed. We have previously identified a novel muscle-specific microRNA, miR-501-3p, that is enriched in activated MPs. Pharmacological inhibition of miR-501 during muscle regeneration promoted small-diameter neofibers. Here, we provide evidence for the regulation of miR-501 in skeletal muscle during aging and its effect on newly formed myofibers using genetic deletion in mice. Methods We analysed the regulation and upstream signalling pathways of miR-501 in primary myoblasts from mice and humans and in skeletal muscle from young and aged mice. We generated a novel Cre-loxP mouse model, which allowed for global and MP-specific deletion of miR-501. Skeletal muscle regeneration was induced using cardiotoxin (CTX) and assessed using immunofluorescence and transcriptomic analysis. Results miR-501 was upregulated in muscle cells by the paracrine growth factors platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) through the Janus tyrosine kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3) signalling axis. Expression levels of miR-501 as well as its upstream regulators Pdgf and Vegf were significantly reduced in skeletal muscle from aged mice (22 months) compared to young mice (3 months) by 67.8% (p<0.001), 40.0% (p<0.01) and 36.3% (p<0.05), respectively. Genetic deletion of miR-501 in mice resulted in muscle fibers with decreased size in adult skeletal muscle and in newly formed myofibers during muscle regeneration. RNA-seq of regenerating muscle annotated a critical role for miR-501 in the organisation of muscle filaments. We identified a miR-501-dependent sarcomeric gene signature that involves genes such as myosin heavy chains, titin and tubulin polymerization-promoting protein. This was confirmed in vitro in myotubes from mice and humans in which miR-501 was deleted either genetically or pharmacologically using antagomirs. Altered sarcomeric gene expression correlated with an increased sarcomere length in myotubes lacking miR-501 (2.49 ± 0.08μm vs 3.22 ± 0.15μm, p<0.01). Conclusion Our data indicate that paracrine growth factor signalling contributes to muscle fiber formation via miR-501 in myogenic progenitor cells and its effect on the sarcomere. Restoring the Pdgf+Vegf/miR-501 axis might have the potential to improve muscle formation during aging. Presentation: Monday, June 13, 2022 11:00 a.m. - 11:15 a.m.

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Dua, A., K. Ford, S. Fiore, D. A. Pappas, J. Janak, T. Blachley, C. Roberts-Toler, K. Emeanuru, J. Kremer, and A. Kivitz. "POS0606 DISEASE ACTIVITY AND PATIENTS-REPORTED OUTCOMES AFTER SWITCHING BETWEEN IL-6 RECEPTOR INHIBITORS AND JAK INHIBITORS: AN ANALYSIS FROM THE CORRONA REGISTRY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1298.

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Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients who fail therapy may be switched to any of the five classes of biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) and targeted synthetic DMARDs, to meet treatment goals. Physicians may hesitate to switch between Janus Kinase inhibitors (JAKi) and interleukin-6 receptor inhibitors (IL-6Ri) since they both impact IL-6 signalling and due to limited data on switching between the two classes.Objectives:This retrospective, observational study based on the real-world Corrona RA registry aimed to describe the response in RA patients switching between IL-6Ri and JAKi.Methods:Adult RA patients who initiated either IL-6Ri or JAKi after November 2012 and had a six-month post-initiation follow-up visit were eligible. Patients in ‘Cohort A’ initiated an IL-6Ri following discontinuation of a JAKi and those in ‘Cohort B’ initiated a JAKi following discontinuation of an IL-6Ri. Disease activity measures and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) were evaluated at baseline and at six-month follow-up. Within each group, change from baseline was assessed for Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI), Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ), pain, fatigue, tender joint count (TJC), swollen joint count (SJC), physician global assessment (MDGA), patient global assessment (PtGA) and morning stiffness duration. Proportion of patients achieving CDAI low disease activity (LDA), CDAI remission and minimal clinically important difference (MCID) for HAQ, pain, fatigue, MDGA, PtGA were assessed. Adjusted linear and logistic regression models were performed for between-group comparisons (Cohort A vs Cohort B) excluding initiators who switched therapy prior to six-month visit.Results:Cohorts A and B included 122 and 144 initiators, respectively. Patients who switched toIL-6Ri (vs JAKi) were younger (mean [SD] age, 56.2 [11.3] vs 58.9 [12.6] years), had higher baseline CDAI (23.2 [12.9] vs 20.2 [12.8]), had higher prior use of ≥2 csDMARDs (75% vs 65%), and were less likely to initiate therapy as monotherapy (44% vs 50%).In Cohort A, significant changes from baseline were observed for all continuous outcomes except HAQ and fatigue. In Cohort B, a significant improvement was observed only for patient-reported pain (Table 1).Table 1.Unadjusted Within-Group Change from Baseline to Six Months, Mean (95% CI), nOutcomesCohort A, N = 122Cohort B, N = 144CDAI-4.7 (-7.6, -1.9), 109-2.4 (-5.2, 0.4), 116HAQ-0.0 (-0.1, 0.1), 105-0.1 (-0.1, 0.0), 118Patient-reported pain-8.2 (-13.4, -3.0), 109-5.9 (-11.5, -0.2), 120Patient-reported fatigue-4.4 (-9.0, 0.2), 109-1.7 (-6.6, 3.3), 117TJC-1.6 (-3.0, -0.1), 112-1.2 (-2.6, 0.3), 117SJC-1.5 (-2.5, -0.4), 112-0.4 (-1.3, 0.6),117MDGA-10.9 (-15.6, -6.3), 112-4.3 (-8.7, 0.2), 117PtGA-6.0 (-11.2, -0.8), 109-4.8 (-10.5, 0.8), 120Morning stiffness durationa-1.3 (-2.2, -0.5), 109-0.1 (-1.1, 0.8), 118aAmong those reporting morning stiffness at baseline.In the adjusted between-group comparison (data not shown) of change from baseline, there were no significant differences in clinical outcomes between Cohorts A and B.In both cohorts, patients achieved CDAI LDA, CDAI remission, and MCIDs across other PROs (Figure 1). In the adjusted between-group comparison (data not shown), the results were similar with the exception of achievement of CDAI LDA among patients with moderate to high disease activity at baseline.Figure 1.Rates of CDAI LDA, CDAI Remission, and MCID for PROsa at Six MonthsConclusion:In general, in both cohorts a substantial proportion of patients achieved CDAI LDA and MCID across PROs. Despite some overlap of JAKi and IL-6Ri therapies’ on the IL-6 pathway, there are some distinct mechanisms of action which may result in meaningful improvements for a subset of patients.Acknowledgements:Amy Praestgaard (Sanofi) contributed to the interpretation of the statistical analysis for this abstract. Medical writing support for this abstract was provided by Nupur Chaubey (Sanofi).Disclosure of Interests:Anisha Dua Speakers bureau: AbbVie, Consultant of: Consulting/advisory board for AbbVie, Novartis, and Chemocentryx, Employee of: Board member of Vasculitis foundation and Chicago Rheumatism Society, Kerri Ford Shareholder of: Sanofi, Employee of: Sanofi, Stefano Fiore Shareholder of: Sanofi, Employee of: Sanofi. In addition, Stefano Fiore has a patent EP 19306553.9; USPTO #s 62/799,698; 62/851,474; 62/935,395 issued, Dimitrios A Pappas Shareholder of: Corrona LLC, Consultant of: Sanofi, AbbVie, Gtech, Roche Hellas, and Novartis, Employee of: Corrona LLC. Board of directors, Corrona Research Foundation, Judson Janak: None declared, Taylor Blachley: None declared, Carla Roberts-Toler: None declared, Kelechi Emeanuru: None declared, Joel Kremer Consultant of: AbbVie, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, BMS, Genentech, Regeneron, Sanofi, and Corrona, Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Lilly, Novartis, and Pfizer, Alan Kivitz Shareholder of: Pfizer, Sanofi, GlaxoSmithKline, Gilead Sciences, Inc., and Novartis, Speakers bureau: Celgene, Merck, Lilly, Novartis, Pfizer, Sanofi, Flexion, and AbbVie, Consultant of: AbbVie, Boehringer Ingelheim, Flexion, Janssen, Pfizer, Sanofi, Regeneron, SUN Pharma Advanced Research, Gilead Sciences, Inc. In addition, Alan Kivitz reports other from Altoona Center for Clinical Research, PC, during the conduct of the study.

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Dam G., Oscar. "Comparative study on the un test n` 5 application on cargoes that emit flammable gases similar to dri c that requires ventilation." Athenea 1, no. 1 (September 26, 2020): 41–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.47460/athenea.v1i1.5.

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This technical note summarizes a technical comparison of common testing procedures, as well as reviewed of the UN Test N` 5, for the assessment of the self-heating properties of cargoes and materials that has shown a clear trend on maritime fire and explosions events, as well as considering of external factors that can combine self-heating and emit flammable gases to conclude in an unlikely event affecting the security of crews and ships. A high understanding of the external factors effect on the cargo materials certainly will help the application of spontaneous reactions management actions (SRMA) on board of ships during the cargo sea passage. The intended comparison is based on laboratory, industry and field observations and data, whereas the among the external factors considered are, moisture content, stockpile procedure and aging, air velocities and moderate pressures internal and externally to the cargo material. The comparison results have shown that the self-heating and the flammable gas emissions has a common pattern when reacting with any oxygen available source, regardless the reactive material chemical composition. Keywords: reactive materials, self-heating, self-ignition, direct reduced iron fines, materials handling, UN test N` 5, maritime safety, spontaneous reactions, risk management. IMSBC Code , IMO. References [1]A. M. DeGennaro, M. W. Lohry, L. Martinelli, C. W. Rowley. Uncertainty Quantification for Cargo Hold Fires. Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08540, USA. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. [2]L.L.Sloss Assessing and Managing Spontaneous Combustion of Coals. IEA Clean Coal Center (CCC 259). Oct. 2015. [3].A. Janes, G Marlair, D Carson, j. Chaneausx. Towards the improvement of UN Test N1 5 Method for the characterization of substances which in contact with water emit Flammable Gases. Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries. Elsevier 2012, 25 (3), pp 524-534. [4]G. Rouget, B. Majidi, D. Picard, G. Gauvin, D. Ziegler, J. Mashreghi, and H. Alamdar. Electrical Resistivity Measurement of Petroleum Coke Powder by Means of Four-Probe Method. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B. Vol. 48B, Oct. 2017-2543. [5]Y. Rubiela Hernández Puerto, M.Triviño Restrepo. El coque metalúrgico aplicado a protección catódica (Metallurgia coque applied to catodic protection). Revista del Instituto de Investigaciones FIGMMG. Vol. 10, Nº 20, 60-67 (2007) UNMSM I. [6]S. Narayan Jha, K. Narsaiah, A.L. Basediya, R.Sharma, P. Jaiswal, R. Kumar, and R. Bhardwaj. Measurement techniques and application of electrical properties for nondestructive quality evaluation of foods—a review. Food Sci Technol. 2011 Aug; 48(4): 387–411. [7]R. Fontes Araujo, J. Batisa Zonta, E. Fontes Araujo, E. Heberle, E, F. Miranda Garcia Zonta. Teste de Conductividade Eletrica para Smentes de Feijao Mungo Verde 1. Rev. Brasikleira de Sementes, Vol. 33, N` 1, pp123/130, 2011. [8]P.A. Eidem. Electric Resistivity of Coke Beds. PhD Thesis. Norwegian University of Science and Technology Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology Department of Materials Science and Engineering. Tronheim Oct. 2008. [9]N. Birks, et.al. - Mechanism in Corrosion Induced Auto-ignition of Direct Reduced Iron. Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Pittsburgh. [10]Monitoring Implementation of the Hazardous and Noxious Substances Convention. Report on incidents involving HNS. Submitted by the United Kingdom. IMO 85th Session, Agenda item 5- LEG 85/INF.2, 19 September 2002.

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Curtis, J., S. Fiore, K. Ford, J. Janak, H. Chang, D. A. Pappas, T. Blachley, K. Emeanuru, and V. Bykerk. "POS0594 MEANINGFUL IMPROVEMENT AND WORSENING IN PATIENTS WHO DO NOT ACHIEVE LDA AND SWITCH THERAPY TO A NEW BIOLOGIC OR TARGETED THERAPY: RESULTS FROM THE CORRONA REGISTRY." Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 80, Suppl 1 (May 19, 2021): 530.2–531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.544.

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Background:Guidelines recommend adjusting therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who fail to reach and sustain low disease activity (LDA) or remission (disease control). Many factors can affect the decision to change therapy, including the potential for improvement as well as the fear of potential worsening or loss of improvement already achieved. Although data exist on response to treatment in patients who switch therapy, data addressing the likelihood of worsening are limited.Objectives:The aim of this analysis was to describe the demographic, clinical characteristics, and change in clinical outcomes in patients on biologic/targeted synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (b/tsDMARDs) who had some improvement in clinical disease activity index (CDAI) but did not achieve LDA after ~ 6-12 months of treatment and then switched to a different b/tsDMARD.Methods:This study included adult inadequately responding RA patients from the CORRONA registry who: (1) started a biologic or Janus kinase inhibitor (JAKi) between January 2010 to November 2020 (V1), (2) had any CDAI improvement (i.e., decrease ≥1 unit) but were not in LDA or remission at a subsequent visit (baseline [BL]) occurring 3 to 15 months after V1; (3) had a third visit (follow-up [F/U]) 6 (±3) months after BL with a valid CDAI measure; (4) switched therapy at the BL or between BL and F/U, with the switch occurring at least 3 months prior to the F/U. CDAI >10 and ≤22 was defined as moderate disease activity (MDA) and CDAI >22 was defined as high disease activity (HDA). Two thresholds of change in CDAI (≥6 and ≥12 units) were used to define meaningful improvement and meaningful worsening after the switch. If there was no meaningful improvement or meaningful worsening, this was considered as no meaningful change (-5 to +5 for 6 units change and -11 to +11 for 12 units change). These thresholds for meaningful change were set for all switchers regardless of their pre-switch CDAI value. Descriptive statistics were generated for demographic and clinical characteristics for the switchers at BL, and the change of clinical outcomes was evaluated from BL to F/U.Results:Of the 1,224 patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria, 93 (7.6%) switched therapy and 1,131 (92.4%) did not switch therampy after not achieving an adequate response on the initial b/tsDMARD. At BL, 42.5% and 70.0% of patients had no meaningful improvement to their prior therapy based on ≥6 and ≥12-unit change, respectively; mean (SD) age was 53.1 (14.0) years; duration of RA 10.7 (10.4) years; CDAI 22.2 (10.8); 81.7% were female; 64.5% had MDA, 35.5% had HDA; 21.5 % reported being disabled, 24.7% were current smokers, and 50% were obese. In terms of prior biologic use 57.0%, 22.6%, and 20.4% had been on 1, 2, and 3+, respectively. From BL to F/U, meaningful worsening occurred in 30.1% and 12.9% using a threshold of 6 and 12, respectively, with the remaining patients experiencing meaningful improvement or no meaningful change (Figure 1).Figure 1.Meaningful Worsening, Meaningful Improvement, and No Meaningful Change Based on CDAI Change Thresholds of ≥6 and ≥12 From BL to F/U (N=93)Conclusion:In our analysis, a large proportion of patients who initiated a biologic/JAKi and experienced some improvement but failed to attain LDA or remission, did not switch therapy within approximately a year. This analysis consisted of many patients who did not have a meaningful response to their prior biologic/JAKi, patients who had received multiple prior biologics, and a large portion of patients with poor prognostic factors. Despite this, the proportion of patients with meaningful worsening was low compared with most patients who had either meaningful improvement or no meaningful change. Additional research is warranted to understand the reasons for not switching and whether the likelihood of a meaningful change correlates with prior response, poor prognosis, or other factors.Acknowledgements:Amy Praestgaard (Sanofi) contributed to the statistical analysis for this abstract. Medical writing support for this abstract was provided by Krishna Kammari (Sanofi).Disclosure of Interests:Jeffrey Curtis Grant/research support from: and personal fees from AbbVie, Amgen, BMS, CORRONA, Eli Lily, Janssen, Myriad, Pfizer, Roche, Regeneron, Radius, UCB, outside the submitted work, Stefano Fiore Shareholder of: Sanofi, Employee of: Sanofi. In addition, he has a patent EP 19306553.9; USPTO #s 62/799,698; 62/851,474; 62/935,395 issued, Kerri Ford Shareholder of: Sanofi, Employee of: Sanofi, Judson Janak: None declared, Hong Chang: None declared, Dimitrios A Pappas Employee of: CORRONA LLC. He has previously acted as a consultant for Sanofi, Abbvie, Gtech Roche Hellas, and Novartis. He has an equity interest in CORRONA LLC. and is on the Board of directors of the CORRONA research foundation, Taylor Blachley: None declared, Kelechi Emeanuru: None declared, Vivian Bykerk Grant/research support from: reports grants from Amgen, BMS, UCB, and Novartis were given to institution, that grants from the NIH, PCORI, and CIHR were given to institutions which whom she is affiliated, and that she has received personal fees from Amgen, Gilead, BMS, Pfizer, Sanofi Aventis, Roche, UCB and Regeneron, outside the submitted work.

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Mirvakili, Mehr Negar, Savvas G. Hatzikiriakos, and Peter Englezos. "Cellulosic wood fibre‐dual functional ( Janus ) mineral filler networks." Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, March 25, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjce.24085.

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Chen, Hanbang, Jia Yan, Shuying Hu, Shangwen Sun, Fang Zhou, Jun Liu, Shijia Tang, et al. "Janus Fibre/Sponge Composite Combined with IOPNs Promotes Haemostasis and Efficient Reconstruction in Oral Guided Bone Regeneration." Materials & Design, August 2022, 111083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2022.111083.

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Ding, Haisheng, Huiling Zhao, Xiaowei Zhao, Yunxia Qi, Xiaofei Wang, and Dongwei Huang. "Analysis of histology and long noncoding RNAs involved in the rabbit hair follicle density using RNA sequencing." BMC Genomics 22, no. 1 (January 28, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12864-021-07398-4.

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Abstract Background Hair follicle density influences wool fibre production, which is one of the most important traits of the Wan Strain Angora rabbit. However, molecular mechanisms regulating hair follicle density have remained elusive. Results In this study, hair follicle density at different body sites of Wan Strain Angora rabbits with high and low wool production (HWP and LWP) was investigated by histological analysis. Haematoxylin-eosin staining showed a higher hair follicle density in the skin of the HWP rabbits. The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) profile was investigated by RNA sequencing, and 50 and 38 differentially expressed (DE) lncRNAs and genes, respectively, were screened between the HWP and LWP groups. A gene ontology analysis revealed that phospholipid, lipid metabolic, apoptotic, lipid biosynthetic, and lipid and fatty acid transport processes were significantly enriched. Potential functional lncRNAs that regulate lipid metabolism, amino acid synthesis, as well as the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) and hedgehog signalling pathways, were identified. Consequently, five lncRNAs (LNC_002171, LNC_000797, LNC_005567, LNC_013595, and LNC_020367) were considered to be potential regulators of hair follicle density and development. Three DE lncRNAs and genes were validated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (q-PCR). Conclusions LncRNA profiles provide information on lncRNA expression to improve the understanding of molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of hair follicle density.

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Yu, Xiaotian, Xian Zhang, Hongjing Zhang, Ke Zhou, Xu Chen, Haitao Hao, Yongqiang Li, and Yi Huang. "Preparation of a Janus-polyvinylidene fluoride micro/nano fiber membrane by centrifugal spinning and investigation into its unidirectional water transfer and oil–water separation functions." Textile Research Journal, January 3, 2023, 004051752211482. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00405175221148265.

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Traditional oil–water separation membranes have a high energy consumption and complicated operation. To solve this problem, an asymmetric wetting polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) fiber membrane with a hydrophobic side and a hydrophilic side was prepared. Octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane was grafted onto one side of a centrifugal spun PVDF fiber membrane by plasma initiation, and dopamine was sprayed on the other side of the fiber membrane. The Janus-PVDF fiber membrane prepared can separate a mixture of water and dibromoethane, a toluene–water emulsion and a mixture of n-hexane and water. The initial interception rates were 98.53% ± 1.31%, 98.52% ± 1.12% and 98.61% ± 1.23%, respectively. After five cycles of separation, the separation rates remained at 96.15% ± 1.25%, 95.02% ± 1.21% and 96.91% ± 1.42%, respectively. The Janus-PVDF fiber membrane has excellent unidirectional water transfer capability and possesses well-repeated separability. The preparation of its unique Janus structure also provides a new direction for the field of oil–water separation.

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Qian, Shutong, Juan Wang, Zhimo Liu, Jiayi Mao, Binfan Zhao, Xiyuan Mao, Liucheng Zhang, et al. "Secretory Fluid‐Aggregated Janus Electrospun Short Fiber Scaffold for Wound Healing." Small, March 10, 2022, 2200799. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.202200799.

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Cerquone Perpetuini, Andrea, Giulio Giuliani, Alessio Reggio, Mauro Cerretani, Marisabella Santoriello, Roberta Stefanelli, Alessandro Palma, et al. "Janus effect of glucocorticoids on differentiation of muscle fibro/adipogenic progenitors." Scientific Reports 10, no. 1 (March 24, 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-62194-6.

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Tatsumi, Daisuke, Atsushi Kanda, and Tetsuo Kondo. "Characterization of mercerized cellulose nanofibrils prepared by aqueous counter collision process." Journal of Wood Science 68, no. 1 (March 3, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s10086-022-02019-4.

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AbstractCellulose nanofibrils (CNFs) obtained by aqueous counter collision (ACC) methods have amphiphilic Janus-type properties, which appear markedly for ACC–CNFs prepared from bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) pellicles. The amphiphilic Janus-type surface is exposed because of the mechanism involved in ACC pulverizing of cellulose materials, in which the predominant interactions of the (2 0 0) lattice plane of the cellulose I crystal structure are weak interplanar van der Waals interactions. Such selective cleavage is more likely to occur for highly crystalline BNC. This study focused on alkali-mercerized cellulose samples, which are of lower crystallinity than BNC. The mercerized raw materials were subjected to ACC treatments and their fiber morphologies, crystallinities, and surface properties were compared to those of ACC–CNFs from native samples. In particular, the Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) results suggested that the cleavage was most likely to occur at the (1 1 0) plane in nanofibrils derived from cellulose II, unlike (2 0 0) lattice plane for the case of cellulose I. Accordingly, the entire results indicate that the properties of the ACC-treated mercerized CNFs differ greatly from those of conventional ACC–CNFs composed of cellulose I crystalline structure. This is presumably because ACC nanopulverization proceeds depending on the surface structure and crystalline morphology of the raw material.

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Xie, An-Quan, Liangliang Zhu, Yunzheng Liang, Jian Mao, Yijiang Liu, and Su Chen. "Fiber‐spinning Asymmetric Assembly for Janus‐structured Bifunctional Nanofiber Films towards All‐Weather Smart Textile." Angewandte Chemie International Edition, August 21, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.202208592.

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Xie, An-Quan, Liangliang Zhu, Yunzheng Liang, Jian Mao, Yijiang Liu, and Su Chen. "Fiber‐spinning Asymmetric Assembly for Janus‐structured Bifunctional Nanofiber Films towards All‐Weather Smart Textile." Angewandte Chemie, August 21, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.202208592.

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Jia, Jin, Yan Peng, Xiang-Jun Zha, Kai Ke, Rui-Ying Bao, Zheng-Ying Liu, Ming-Bo Yang, and Wei Yang. "Janus and Heteromodulus Elastomeric Fiber Mats Feature Regulable Stress Redistribution for Boosted Strain Sensing Performance." ACS Nano, October 4, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.2c06482.

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"79. Generation of a Glioma-Targeted Janus Conditional Replicating Adenoviral Vector With CD133FF-Pseudotyped Fiber." Molecular Therapy 22 (May 2014): S30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1525-0016(16)35092-4.

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Han, Qigang, Hongmeng Li, Xinhui Chen, Shaoqian Shi, Ruowei Shao, Bo Li, and Zhiwu Han. "Impact resistant basalt fiber-reinforced aluminum laminate with Janus helical structures inspired by lobster and mantis shrimp." Composite Structures, April 2022, 115551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2022.115551.

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Luo, Zheng, Lu Jiang, Chenfang Xu, Dan Kai, Xiaoshan Fan, Mingliang You, Chua Ming Hui, Caisheng Wu, Yun-Long Wu, and Zibiao Li. "Engineered Janus amphipathic polymeric fiber films with unidirectional drainage and anti-adhesion abilities to accelerate wound healing." Chemical Engineering Journal, November 2020, 127725. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.127725.

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Du, Zhenxing, Wenqiang Zuo, Penggang Wang, and Wei She. "Ultralight, Super Thermal Insulation, and Fire-Resistant Cellular Cement Templated by Janus Nanoparticle Stabilized Ultra-Stable Wet Foam." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4109688.

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Chen, Yuanmiaoliang, Kang-Jia Lu, Can Zeng Liang, and Tai-Shung Chung. "Mechanically strong janus tri-bore hollow fiber membranes with asymmetric pores for anti-wetting and anti-fouling membrane distillation." Chemical Engineering Journal, September 2021, 132455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.132455.

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