Journal articles: 'Fiber'

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Mishra, Shivam. "Application of Carbon Fibers in Construction." Journal of Mechanical and Construction Engineering (JMCE) 2, no. 2 (2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.54060/jmce.v2i2.20.

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Carbon fibers (also known as graphite fibers) are high-performance fibers, about five to ten micrometers in diameter, composed mainly of carbon, with high tensile strength. Plus, they are extremely strong with respect to their size. They have high elastic modulus in comparison with glass fiber. According to the working period, carbon fibre-reinforced polymers possess more potential than those with glass fiber. However, they are relatively expensive as compared to similar fibers, such as glass fiber, basalt fiber, or plastic fiber. Its high quality, lightweight, and imperviousness to erosion, make it a perfect strengthening material. Carbon fibre-reinforced composite materials are used to make aircraft parts, golf club shafts, bike outlines, angling bars, car springs, sailboat masts, and sev-eral different segments which need to have less weight and high quality.

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Gadgihalli, Vishal, Ramya, Sindu Shankar, Raghavendra Prasad Dinakar, and Babitha Rani. "ANALYSIS OF PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE USING NYLON FIBER AS FIBER REIGNFORCEMENT ADMIXTURE." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 4RASM (April 30, 2017): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i4rasm.2017.3371.

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As building industry evolves, stronger more durable and increasingly specialized products are in demand fiber reinforcement took an important role, fiber reinforcement to meet requirement changed with material composition and patterns such as fiber mesh, micro fibers, macro fibers, etc. In this paper analysis of properties of concrete using nylon fiber as fibre reinforcement admixture is studied and verified the strength of concrete to the normal Portland cement. Using nylon fiber the compressive strength and flexural of concrete has increased to very limited extend. As the friction between concrete and nylon fiber is very less, so it gives very less interlocking between concrete.

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Zaleha, M., M. Shahruddin, and I. Maizlinda Izwana. "A Review on the Mechanical and Physical Properties of Natural Fiber Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 229-231 (November 2012): 276–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.229-231.276.

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Research on the use of natural fibers as replacement to man-made fibre in fiber reinforced composites have received more interest and opened up further industrial possibilities. Natural fibre presents many advantages compared to synthetic fibers which make them attractive as reinforcements in composite material. They come from abundant and renewable resources, which ensures a continuous fibre supply and a significant material cost saving to the plastics, automotive and packaging industries. The paper reviews the previous and current research works published in the field of natural fiber reinforced composite material with special reference in mechanical properties of the natural fiber reinforced composite.

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Klyuev, Sergey V., T. A. Khezhev, Yu V. Pukharenko, and A. V. Klyuev. "To the Question of Fiber Reinforcement of Concrete." Materials Science Forum 945 (February 2019): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.945.25.

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The question of adhesion of fibers with a cement matrix is considered. Under certain conditions the fibers connect and hold the places of potential breaks. The important characteristics of fibre fibers are: surface texture, cross-sectional shape and construction in the longitudinal direction of the fiber. A sufficient number of fibre fibers located in the direction of the acting force can take the tensile force after the rupture of the matrix. The question of the fiber content in the percentage of the volume, which is sufficient to increase the strength, is considered. The properties of the finished concrete mixture and the adhesion of the fiber and the concrete matrix depend on the parameters. As a rule, there is a poor adhesion of smooth steel fibers in the cement stone.

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Shoaib, Mohd. "A Review: “Experimental Study on Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Using flat Crimped & Round Crimped Type Steel Fiber.”." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 2813–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.44472.

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Abstract: Steel Fibre Reinforced Concretes are characterized by high tensile and flexural strengths and high ductility, as well as by a high compressive strength and a very good workability. Ductility and strength of concrete can be improved at lower fiber contents, where fibers are used in combination rather than reinforcement with a single type of fiber. Durability problems concerning one type of fiber may be offset with the presence of a second type of fiber. Steel Fiber is added by 1% volume of concrete. The different concrete mixesalong with control mix proportions as 100% round crimped type fiber, 50% round crimped type fiber -50% flat crimped type fiber and 100% flat crimped type fiber. Two types of crimped steel fiber i.e. round crimped type steel fiber and flat crimped steel fiber are used of length having 50mm. An extensive experimental investigation consisting of 12 specimen of size 50 x 10 x 10cm for determining flexural strength, 12 specimen for compressive strength and 12 specimen for split end test are used.In the experiment, an combination of steel fibre with concrete is used, which improved various mechanical properties and the strength. This review study is a trial of givingsome highlights for inclusion of steel fibers especially in terms of using them with new mix ratio combinations with concrete.

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Gadgihalli, Vishal, Meena, Sindu, and Raghavendra Prasad Dinakar. "ANALYSIS OF PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE USING STEEL FIBERS AS FIBER REINFORCEMENT ADMIXTURE." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 4RASM (April 30, 2017): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i4rasm.2017.3370.

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Fiber reinforced concrete is composite material consisting of mixtures of cement, mortar or concrete, discontinuous discrete uniform dispersed suitable fibers. Fiber reinforced concrete are of different types and properties. In this paper analysis of properties of concrete using steel fibre as fiber reinforcement admixture is studied and verified the strength of concrete to normal plane concrete with absence of admixtures. Using steel fibers as fiber reinforcement admixture increases bond strength by enhancing surface tension as steel is better in taking flexural strength this gives better results, hence we can use this steel fiber reinforcement to concrete where the compressive and flexural strength place a crucial role in construction and maintenance.

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Velloso, Raquel Q., Michéle D. T. Casagrande, Eurípedes A. V. Junior, and Nilo C. Consoli. "Simulation of the Mechanical Behavior of Fiber Reinforced Sand using the Discrete Element Method." Soils and Rocks 35, no. 2 (May 1, 2012): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.28927/sr.352201.

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The general characteristics of granular soils reinforced with fibres have been reported in previous studies and have shown that fibre inclusion provides an increase in material strength and ductility and that the composite behaviour is governed by fibre content, as well as the mechanical and geometrical properties of the fibre. The present work presents a numerical procedure to incorporate fiber elements into an existing discrete element code (GeoDEM). The fiber elements are represented by linear elastic-plastic segments that connect two neighbor contacts where the fiber is located. These elements are characterized by an axial stiffness, tensile strength and length. The effect of the addition of fibers was evaluated numerically by comparing the stress-strain behavior of a pure sand with and without fibers. These simulations showed that the addition of fibers provides a significant increase in strength for the mixture in comparison with strength of the pure sand.

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Dabi, Gosa Guta, Yeshi Tadesse Wakjira, Hermela Ejegu Feysa, and wondwossen Mamuye Abebe. "Development and characterization of laminated fiber reinforced bio-Composite From nettle and poly lactic acid fiber." Journal of Industrial Textiles 52 (August 2022): 152808372211180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15280837221118064.

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Nettle and Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) fibers are the strongest and best fibers with valuable potential as reinforcement in a composite. In this study, the development and characterization of a multi-layered laminated fibre reinforced bio-composite from nettle and PLA fiber were performed. Prior to molding, the nettle fibers were treated with chemicals such as Alkali and silane and the influence of chemical treatment on the property of nettle fibers were investigated. The characteristics of raw and chemically treated nettle fibers were investigated through chemical composition analysis, mechanical properties, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and water sorption test. Furthermore physical and mechanical properties of the nettle/PLA bio-composite have been analyzed. Twenty (20) samples of treated and untreated nettle fiber and five samples of nettle/PLA fiber reinforcement bio-composites were tested and the results were averaged for comparison with one another. Based on the results obtained, the treated fiber improves tensile strength, has a more uniform and smaller diameter, a clean surface, and has a good appearance compared to untreated fiber. Laminated bio-composites were found to increase initially with the increase of nettle fiber content till 50 weight % and decrease afterwards. Generally, the bio-composite prepared with an equal weight proportion of nettle and poly lactic acid fiber obtained better mechanical properties and tensile strength. Water sorption test results showed that water uptake ability of treated nettle fibers were lower than raw nettle fibers.

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Yu, Chongwen, Weiying Tao, and Timothy A. Calamari. "Treatment and Characterization of Kenaf for Nonwoven and Woven Applications." International Nonwovens Journal os-9, no. 4 (December 2000): 1558925000OS—90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925000os-900409.

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A kenaf bast fiber is comprised of a bundle of single fibers bound by lignin and pectins. It offers the advantages of being renewable, biodegradable and environmentally safe. However, it is difficult to process kenaf fibers because of the coarseness, stiffness and low cohesion of the fiber bundles. In this research, kenaf fiber bundles have been treated by both alkaline sulfide and a modified chemical degumming methods to improve fiber properties. Tensile properties, fineness, length and softness of the kenaf fiber bundles after the treatments were determined. It was found that both treatments improved the fiber fineness, softness and elongation; however, fiber bundle strength was decreased. The modified chemical degumming method was more effective. Under the optimum modified chemical degumming condition, the fineness of the kenaf fiber bundle was improved more than 50% and the fiber bundle was more than twice as soft as the raw material. These kenaf fiber bundles were much finer and softer and found to be easier to process than those obtained in earlier studies. The treated kenaf fiber bundles can be blended with cotton fibers and easily carded on a cotton card with minimum losses. The carded batts can be further processed for either nonwoven or woven applications.

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Hinchliffe, Doug J., Gregory N. Thyssen, Brian D. Condon, Linghe Zeng, Rebecca J. Hron, Crista A. Madison, Johnie N. Jenkins, Jack C. McCarty, Christopher D. Delhom, and Ruixiu Sui. "Interrelationships between cotton fiber quality traits and tensile properties of hydroentangled nonwoven fabrics." Journal of Industrial Textiles 53 (January 2023): 152808372311713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15280837231171312.

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Cotton fibers can be used to produce nonwovens suitable for numerous single use applications including hygiene, wipes, and medical products among others. Cotton comprises a relatively small amount of total raw materials used in nonwovens production compared to the synthetic fibers of polyester and polypropylene, but the use of cotton fibers in nonwovens continues to increase due to demand for disposable products containing natural, sustainable, and biodegradable materials. However, the relationship between cotton fiber classification measurements and nonwoven fabric physical and functional properties are not well characterized. A better understanding of the effects of cotton fiber properties on nonwovens fabric properties will facilitate fiber selection for specific end-use applications. In this study, cotton fibers with broad distributions of fiber quality measurements from 10 recombinant inbred lines of a multi parent advanced generation intercross multiparent advanced generation intercross population were harvested and processed in their greige state into hydroentangled nonwoven fabrics of two distinct basis weights. Tensile testing of lightweight nonwovens indicated fiber length and tensile strength at break were positively correlated with fabric strength, whereas micronaire (air permeability of a fiber bundle) was negatively correlated indicating finer fibers contributed to increased fabric strength. Increased strength of heavyweight fabrics was mainly correlated with higher fiber uniformity index. These results suggest that cotton fibers could be selectively sourced based on fiber quality for specific nonwoven applications and establishes alternative market opportunities for cotton fibers classified as inferior and subject to discount pricing in the woven textile market.

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Kovur, Siva Kumar, Karla C. Schenzel, Eckhard Grimm, and Wulf Diepenbrock. "Characterization of refined hemp fibers using NIR FT Raman micro spectroscopy and environmental scanning electron microscopy." BioResources 3, no. 4 (September 9, 2008): 1081–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.3.4.1081-1091.

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The research was focused on the separation of single hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) fibre cells with low fineness from mechanically extracted fibre bundles of high fineness. The fiber bundles were treated with enzymes, namely panzym, pectinase, hemicellulase, and cellulase, along with a combination of panzym and ultrasonic treatments. Changes in the fiber structure were followed at molecular and microscopic levels by means of NIR FT Raman spectroscopy and Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy (ESEM). Buffer-panzym treatments of hemp fibers had a prominent effect in loosening of the fiber cells. The best of refining was achieved when the fiber bundles were treated with buffer-panzym solution in combination with ultrasonic treatment.

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Ghazali, Arniza, Mohd Ridzuan Hafiz Mohd Zukeri, W. D. Wan Rosli, Baharin Azhari, Rushdan Ibrahim, Issam Ahmed Mohamed, Tanweer Ahmad, and Ziya Ahmad Khan. "Augmentation of EFB Fiber Web by Nano-Scale Fibrous Elements." Advanced Materials Research 832 (November 2013): 494–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.832.494.

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Treatment of the abundant oil palm empty fruit bunches with alkaline peroxide chemicals and subsequent fibrillation at varying mechanical energies resulted in favourable morphological changes of the generated fibers. The produced fibrous mass composed of intensely fibrillated elements ranging from micro to nanodiameter fibrils. nanofibrils and webs of nanofibrils were factors contributing to the functionality of the fibrous mass as fibre web augmentation elements. Profound improvement in fiber network is particularly attributable to the ability of the collected elements to fill up inter-fiber gaps and this was attributable to the micro elements in the form of micro fines, segmented micro-fibrils and webs of nanofibrils. The uniquely generated thin layers of nanofibril webs (TN-webs), were found to increase fiber web density by gluing multiple layers of fibers, together. Having landed on the surface of micro-fiber web, these TN-webs were identified as responsible for the masking effects of the underlying micro-fibres. Under such condition, fibers were observed to coalesce, suggesting also an augmented fiber network as evident from the 130% increase in tensile index and a 450% enhancement in burst index of the resultant fiber web relative to those formed with the basic alkaline peroxide chemical-mechanical refining (CMR) synergy. This reveals a great promise to EFB for application as super-strong fibre-web materials such as packaging and specialty paper-based products.

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Do, Nhi Thi, Hop Quang Tran, Hanh Thi My Diep, and Vi Thi Vi Do. "Study on properties of composites polyurethane foam reinforced by bamboo fiber." Science and Technology Development Journal 19, no. 4 (December 31, 2016): 212–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32508/stdj.v19i4.693.

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This study focuses on the development and characterization of polyurethane/bamboo fiber composites foams which have the specific properties to participate both in the thermal insulation and regulation of the humidity inside the building. The polyurethane foam reinforced by bamboo fibers (5–20 wt%) were produced to investigate the mechanical test, the morphological characterization and thermal properties. The result from mechanical test showed that the compressive strength was increased at 5 wt % of bamboo fiber. Likewise, the effects of the fibre diameter and nature of bamboo fibers on some properties (compressive test, thermal analyses, surface morphology) of bamboo fibre reinforced rigid polyurethane foam were studied. The bamboo Gai and Luong fibres result in composites with better mechanical strength than the other fiber composites.

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Khalid, S. N. A., Al Emran Ismail, and Muhd Hafeez Zainulabidin. "A Review on Effect of Orientation Fabric on Mechanical Energy Absorption Natural Fibres Reinforced Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 773-774 (July 2015): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.134.

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This paper presents the combination technique in developing the woven kenaf fiber that is used as a new method to improve energy absorption performance. This method focuses on the effect energy absorption of angle orientation. Due to the low density, natural fiber such as kenaf fiber provides comparatively good mechanical properties. Thus, natural fibers have high potential for better reinforcement in light weight structures on automotive applications. Total force, total energy, and energy absorption of natural fibre reinforced composite for different type’s natural fibre and angle orientation are discussed and reviewed.

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Dorosz, J. "Novel constructions of optical fibers doped with rare – earth ions." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 62, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 619–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bpasts-2014-0067.

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Abstract. In the paper the research on rare-earth doped and co-doped optical fibre conducted in the Laboratory of Optical Fiber Technology at the Bialystok University of Technology is presented. Novel active fibre constructions like multicore, helical-core and side detecting ribbon/core optical fibers were developed with a targeted focus into application. First construction i.e. multicore RE doped optical fibers enable supermode generation due to phase - locking of laser radiation achieved in a consequence of exchanging radiation between the cores during the laser action. In the paper a far - field pattern of 19 - core optical fiber-doped with Yb3+ ions, registered in the MOFPA system, showed centrally located peak of relatively high radiation intensity together with smaller side-lobes. Another new construction presented here is helical-core optical fibers with the helix pitch from several mm and the off-set ranging from 10 μm to 200 μm. The properties of helical-core optical fiber co-doped with Nd3+/Yb3+ were also discussed. In the field of sensor applications novel construction of a sidedetecting luminescent optical fiber for an UV sensor application has been presented. The developed optical fiber with an active core/ribbon, made of phosphate glass doped with 0.5 mol% Tb3+ ions, was used as a UV sensing element.

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Ranjith, S., R. Venkatasubramani, and V. Sreevidya. "Comparative Study on Durability Properties of Engineered Cementitious Composites with Polypropylene Fiber and Glass Fiber." Archives of Civil Engineering 63, no. 4 (December 1, 2017): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ace-2017-0042.

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Abstract The durability characteristics of Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) with various fibers such as polypropylene and glass were investigated in view of developing composites with high resistance to cracking. ECC offer large potential for durable civil infrastructure due to their high tensile strain capacity and controlled micro-crack width. In this study, fibre volume fractions (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, and 2%) of both polypropylene and glass fibers varied and durability measures such as a rapid chloride penetration test, sorptivity, water absorption, acid attack, and sulphate attack were measured. Increasing the fiber content up to 1.5% improved the durability properties of ECC. The test results indicate that the glass fiber-reinforced Engineered Cementitious Composites have better durability characteristics than polypropylene fiber-reinforced ECC.

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Parasakthibala, Ms G., and Mrs A. S. Monisha. "A Review on Natural Fibers; Its Properties and Application Over Synthetic Fibers." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 8 (August 31, 2022): 1894–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.46530.

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Abstract: Fibre is a long, thin strand or thread of material made by weaving or knitting threads together. Fibre is a hair like strand of material. A fibre is the smallest visible unit of any textile product. Fibres are flexible and may be spun into yarn and made into fabric. Natural fibres are taken from animals, vegetables or mineral sources. A few examples of widely used natural fibres include animal fibre such as wool and silk vegetables fibres, especially cotton and flax and asbestos, a mineral. Natural fibers are more important part in our human environment. Natural fibers are ecofriendly and inexpensive which are readily available in nature. In this chapter we discuss about the overview of natural fiber and their characteristic. this paper also deals with the impact of natural fibers over the synthetic fibers and also the application of natural fiber in various fields.

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Klyuev, Sergey V., Tolya A. Khezhev, Yu V. Pukharenko, and A. V. Klyuev. "The Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Constructions Experimental Research." Materials Science Forum 931 (September 2018): 598–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.931.598.

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The article proves the efficiency of the construction-based use of fibre concrete. The technique of high-quality fine-grained fibre concrete creation is presented. The chemical composition of the binder was studied and the physical and mechanical characteristics of the filler were revealed. 2 types of steel fibers were studied: anchor and in the form of a fir-tree. The conducted studies proved the effectiveness of dispersed reinforcement with steel fiber. It is established, that the usage of fiber in the form of a fir-tree the greatest increase of operational characteristics is reached.

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Yang, Lian Wei, Yun Dong, and Rui Jie Wang. "Wear and Mechanical Properties of Short Carbon Fiber Reinforced Copper Matrix Composites." Key Engineering Materials 474-476 (April 2011): 1605–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.474-476.1605.

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The mechanical properties and wear behavior of short carbon fiber reinforced copper matrix composites was studied. In order to avoid any interfacial pronlems in the carbon fibre reinforced composites, the carbon fibers were coated with copper. The fibers were coated by electroless coating method and then characterized. Composites containing different amounts of carbon fibers were prepared by hot pressing technique. The results show that Carbon fiber/Cu–Ni–Fe composites showed higher hardness, higher wear resistance and bending strength than the common copper alloy when carbon fibers content is less than 15 vol.%. The predominant wear mechanisms were identified as adhesive wear in the alloy and adhesive wear accompanied with oxidative wear in the 12 vol.% carbon fiber/Cu–Ni–Fe composites.

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K V, Ambareesh. "Moisture Absorption Studies of COIR and Sisal Short Fiber Reinforced Polymer Composites." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 116–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.37928.

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Abstract: Easy availability of natural fibre, low cost and ease of manufacturing have urged the attention of researchers towards the possibility of reinforcement of natural fiber to improve their mechanical properties and study the extent to which they satisfy the required specifications of good reinforced polymer composite for industrial and structural applications. Polymer composites made of natural fiber is susceptible for moisture. Moisture absorption in such composites mainly because of hydrophilic nature of natural fibers. Water uptake of natural fiber reinforced composites has an effect on different. Lot of researchers prepared the natural fiber reinforced composites without conducting water absorption tests; hence it is the potential area to investigate the behavior of the composites with different moisture absorption. In this research the experimental sequence and the materials are used for the study of coir and Sisal short fiber reinforced epoxy matrix composites. The coir and Sisal short fibers are made into the short fibers with 10 mm x 10 mm x 5 mm size. The Epoxy Resin-LY556(Di glycidyl ether of bi phenol) and Hardner-HYD951 (Tetra mine), the water absorption behaviors are analyzed in the coir and Sisal short fibers reinforced epoxy composites. The water absorption behaviors of the epoxy composites reinforced with the coir and sisal short fibers with 25, 30 and 35wt% were analyzed at three different water environments, such as sea water, distilled water, and tap water for 12 days at room temperature. It was observed that the composites show the high level of the water absorption percentage at sea water immersion as compared to the other water environments. Due to the water absorption, the mechanical properties of macro particle/epoxy composites were decreased at all weight percentages. Keywords: Natural fibre, Moisture absorption, Coir and sisal short fibre, Reinforced polymer composites, Water absorption behaviour Polymer matrix composite (Epoxy resin) using Coir and sisal short fibre and to study its moisture absorption behaviour

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Klyuev, Sergey, Alexander Klyuev, and Nikolai Vatin. "Fine-grained concrete with combined reinforcement by different types of fibers." MATEC Web of Conferences 245 (2018): 03006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201824503006.

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The article deals with the application of combined reinforcement of fi-ne-grained concrete with steel wave and polypropylene fibers. High-density packaging of the mixture components was used to improve the strength and deformation characteristics. In order to reduce the cost of fibre concrete, composite binders were developed. Rational selection of filler and the use of a steel wave fiber gave the opportunity to get the fibre concrete with tensile compressive strength – 84.8 MPa, the tensile strength in bending – 19.8 MPa on technogenic sands of the Kursk Magnetic Anomaly. With combined reinforcement by steel and polypropylene fiber on technogenic sands of the Kursk magnetic anomaly fibre concrete with a tensile compressive strength – 82.8 MPa, in bending – 19.1 MPa was developed. With the same strength charac-teristics the developed mixture of fibre concrete based on combined re-inforcement due to reducing the amount of steel fiber at cost is lower by 25% compared to the composition on steel fiber and the same com-posite binder.

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Long, Robert L., Christopher D. Delhom, and Michael P. Bange. "Effects of cotton genotype, defoliation timing and season on fiber cross-sectional properties and yarn performance." Textile Research Journal 91, no. 17-18 (February 10, 2021): 1943–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517521992769.

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Cotton fiber cross-sectional properties influence the performance of ring spun yarns. The spinning performance of two Gossypium hirsutum L. Upland cotton genotypes known to have inherently different fiber fineness properties were compared. Genotypes were grown together in field experiments conducted over two growing seasons, and crops were subjected to early and late defoliation treatments. The aim was to quantify the differences in yarn properties following changes targeting fiber fineness properties in isolation from other fiber properties. For the first time, the percentage difference in yarn properties was captured along with the associated changes made to alternative fiber fineness properties within the base micronaire 3.50 to 4.90 G5 range. As expected the genotype with lower fiber micronaire, linear density, and perimeter, spun yarns that were stronger and more even. Late defoliated cotton plants produced fibers that were higher in micronaire and maturity ratio, and were bigger in perimeter, which demonstrated that the fibers had expanded during the secondary wall thickening phase of development. However, the defoliation treatment effect on fiber fineness properties was smaller compared with the effect of genotype, and no change to any yarn property was detected. In terms of environmental effects, the first season cotton had smaller perimeter finer fibers that spun stronger and more even yarns. In contrast, the second season cotton had bigger perimeter fibers that spun weaker and less even yarns.

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Zhang, Li, Zhihui Sun, Duoping Liang, Jing Lin, and Wei Xiao. "Preparation and performance evaluation of PLA/coir fibre biocomposites." BioResources 12, no. 4 (August 22, 2017): 7349–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.12.4.7349-7362.

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Alkali-treated coir fibers were modified by silane coupling agent in a microwave oven. The use of microwave-assisted chemical treatments efficiently promoted the esterification reaction to improve the interfacial adhesion between the coir fibers and PLA matrix. Effects of the treated coir fiber content (1 wt.% to 7 wt.%) on the surface morphology and tensile, impact, and thermal properties of PLA/coir fiber biocomposites (AKWCF/PLAs) were evaluated. At a coir fiber content of 1%, the AKWCF/PLAs showed a remarkable increase of 28% in the percentage impact strength, while the tensile strength and breaking strength decreased with increasing coir fibre content. The thermal stability of the AKWCF/PLAs worsened and the degree of crystallinity increased with increasing fiber content. The decreased cold crystallization temperatures of AKWCF/PLAs further confirmed the role of coir fibers treated with the new combined method as an effective nucleating agent.

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Sahai, R. S. N., Deepankar Biswas, Manishkumar D. Yadav, Asit Samui, and Sachin Kamble. "Effect of alkali and silane treatment on water absorption and mechanical properties of sisal fiber reinforced polyester composites." Metallurgical and Materials Engineering 28, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 641–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.56801/mme864.

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The present work deals with the effect of water absorption on the mechanical properties of untreated, 10% alkali-treated, and 10% alkali plus 1% silane treated sisal fibers (5%, 10%, and 15%) reinforced polyester composites. Hand lay-up was used to create the composite. The samples were prepared in accordance with ASTM standards, and tests for tensile strength, flexural strength, impact strength, and water absorption were performed. An increase in the tensile, flexural and impact strength was observed with an increase in fibre loading for untreated, alkali-treated and alkali plus silane treated sisal fibre reinforced polyester composites without water absorption, the increase being maximum for 10% alkali plus 1% silane treated fibre composite. Water absorption reduces tensile strength while increasing flexural and impact strength in untreated sisal fiber reinforced composites. There is an increase in tensile, flexural, and impact strength with higher fiber loading for 10% alkali-treated and 10% alkali-treated plus 1% silane treated sisal fiber reinforced polyester composites with and without water absorption. The tensile, flexural, and impact strength of alkali plus silane treated fiber is maximum at any given fiber loading, indicating that the alkali plus silane treatment is effective in improving the fiber matrix interface. Water absorption increases with fiber loading in untreated, 10% alkali-treated, and 10% alkali plus 1% silane treated sisal fiber reinforced polyester composites, with the rate being lowest in alkali plus silane treated fiber reinforced composites.

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Wu, Li Li, Ting Chen, and Jian Yong Yu. "Study on the Fiber Diameter of Polyactic Melt Blown Nonwoven Fabrics." Advanced Materials Research 175-176 (January 2011): 580–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.175-176.580.

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Polyactic fibers have superior biodegradability, moisture absorption, resiliency and processibility and can be used in various fields especially in blood filtration. Polyactic can be melt blown into nonwoven fabrics. To predict the fiber diameter of the polyactic melt blown nonwoven fabric, the air drawing model of polyactic was established. The predicted fiber diameter tallies well with the measured fiber diameter. Computer simulations of the effects of the processing parameters on the fiber diameter were performed with the help of the air drawing model. The simulation results show that smaller polymer flow rate, larger initial air velocity and larger die-to-collector distance can all produce finer fibers while too large initial air velocity and too large die-to-collector distance contribute little to the air drawing of polyactic melts.

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Xu, Jing. "Application of Synthetic Fibre in Mixture of Asphalt Pavement." Applied Mechanics and Materials 608-609 (October 2014): 1020–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.608-609.1020.

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The fiber is a reinforced material which has relatively light texture, high strength, is durable and wear-resistant, and widely used in the mixture of asphalt pavement. Adding different types of fibers in the construction, has a good effect in preventing cracks in the road, the performance of the road will also enhance. After the appropriate amount of fiber added to the asphalt mixture, fiber molecules will continuously and uniformly spread out, this time it will increase the anti-destructive of mixture, and will play an important role in protecting the road, preventing the road fracture. Related practices abroad show that adding fiber in asphalt mixture, every performance of the mixture will increase in different degrees. The diameter and density of different types of fibers will be different, of course, the reinforcing effect are not the same. This article describes application of a synthetic fibre in asphalt mixture, which is polyacrylonitrile fiber.

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Jagtap, Siddhant Millind, Shailesh Kalidas Rathod, Rohit Umesh Jadhav, Prathamesh Nitin Patil, Atharva Shashikant Patil, Ashwini M. Kadam, and P. G. Chavan. "Fibre Mesh in Reinforced Slabs." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 5 (May 31, 2022): 3539–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42986.

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Abstract: Fiber Reinforced Concrete is gaining attention as an effective way to improve the performance of concrete. Fibers are currently being specified in tunneling, bridge decks, pavements, loading docks, thin unbonded overlays, concrete pads, and concretes slabs. These applications of fiber reinforced concrete are becoming increasingly popular and are exhibiting excellent performance The usefulness of fiber reinforced concrete in various civil engineering applications is indisputable. Fiber reinforced concrete has so far been successfully used in slabs on grade, architectural panels, precast products, offshore structures, structures in seismic regions, thin and thick repairs, crash barriers, footings, hydraulic structures and many other applications. This study presents understanding srength of fibre reinforced conceret. Mechanical properties and durability of fiber reinforced concrete.

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Lo, Chi Hou, Kelly R. Wade, Kate G. Parker, Anthony N. Mutukumira, and Michelle Sloane. "Sustainable paper-based packaging from hemp hurd fiber: A potential material for thermoformed molded fiber packaging." BioResources 19, no. 1 (January 30, 2024): 1728–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.1.1728-1743.

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Hemp hurd fiber, a low-value waste stream from the hemp industry, has potential downstream applications as an alternative to non-renewable plastics for single-use food service ware and packaging applications. Packaging paper substrates made from chemically pulped hemp hurd, mixed in varying ratios with bleached thermomechanical radiata pine pulp were developed and tested. Handsheets were characterized using several mechanical property tests including tensile strength, tearing resistance, burst strength, short-span compression, ring crush, together with Gurley air resistance, contact angle, and Cobb60 tests. Generally, addition of hemp hurd fibers significantly improved handsheet mechanical properties. Hot-pressing of the handsheets so as to approximate molded fiber thermoforming further enhanced their performance, with pure hemp hurd handsheets having the highest mechanical properties and barrier performance. A prototype was successfully thermoformed from hemp fiber, demonstrating overall feasibility of this fibre source for molded fibre objects.

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29

Bondarev, B. A., N. N. Chernousov, R. N. Chernousov, and V. A. Sturova. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE NATURE OF INTERACTION OF STEEL FIBRES EQUIDIRECTIONALLY LOCATED IN PARALLEL TO FORCE IN FINE-GRAINED SLAG CONCRETE." Proceedings of the Southwest State University 21, no. 2 (April 28, 2017): 72–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1560-2017-21-2-72-82.

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At present, the use of modern technologies is becoming more urgent. This concerns both construction engineering and structural design standards. There is a need for a wider use of computer technology, which will allow solving multifactorial tasks taking into account actual stress-strain state of structures at all the stages of their operation with the help of a nonlinear deformation model in the future. The objective of this work is to study the nature of the interaction of steel fibers equidirectionally located in parallel to force in fine-grained slag concrete, in particular, to determine the coefficient characterizing the change in the contribution to the work of the fibre reinforcement unit depending on the length of the adjacent fibers embedment in the slag concrete and the quality of adhesion between them, and construction of a graphical model of steel fibers operation in cinderblock matrix, diagrams of deformation (state) of concrete, reinforcement and fiberы which are an integral characteristic of physical and mechanical properties of materials. Tests for the extraction of steel fibers with single offset bends at the ends of fine-grained slag concrete have been carried out. Experimental dependences of steel fibers displacement on the applied load have been obtained. Based on the results of the experimental data analysis, formulas for determining the coordinates of piecewise-linear ‘load-displacement’ diagrams are proposed; they describe the displacement of a single fiber from fine-grained slag-concrete, which allows drawing conclusions concerning their mutual influence on the anchoring ability in fine-grained slag concrete. Dependencies for determining the coefficient characterizing the change in the contribution to the work of the fibre reinforcement unit depending on the length of the adjacent fibers embedment in the slag concrete and the quality of adhesion between these fibers and the slag concrete-matrix are proposed. The work also presents common dependencies, which can be used to construct analytical piece-wise diagrams ‘load-displacement’ and describe the work of fiber embedded in fine-grained slag concrete when calculating the units of building structures from steel-fiber-slag-concrete by means of a computer using the diagram technique.

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Raghu, M. J., and Govardhan Goud. "Tribological Properties of Calotropis Procera Natural Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Epoxy Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 895 (November 2019): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.895.45.

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Natural fibers are widely used for reinforcement in polymer composite materials and proved to be effectively replacing synthetic fiber reinforced polymer composites to some extent in applications like domestic, automotive and lower end aerospace parts. The natural fiber reinforced composites are environment friendly, have high strength to weight ratio as well as specific strengths comparable with synthetic glass fiber reinforced composites. In the present work, hybrid epoxy composites were fabricated using calotropis procera and glass fibers as reinforcement by hand lay-up method. The fibre reinforcement in epoxy matrix was maintained at 20 wt%. In 20 wt% reinforcement of fibre, the content of calotropis procera and glass fibre were varied from 5, 10, 15 and 20 wt%. The dry sliding wear test as per ASTM G99 and three body abrasive wear test as per ASTM G65 were conducted to find the tribological properties by varying speed, load, distance and abrasive size. The hybrid composite having 5 wt% calotropis procera and 15 wt% glass fibre showed less wear loss in hybrid composites both in sliding wear test as well as in abrasive wear test which is comparable with 20 wt% glass fibre reinforced epoxy composite which marked very low wear loss. The SEM analysis was carried out to study the worn out surfaces of dry sliding wear test and three body abrasive wear test specimens.

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Chen, Jianjun, Zhongrui Bai, Guangwei Li, and Haotong Zhang. "The Correction of Fiber Throughput Variation due to Focal Ratio Degradation." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 9, S298 (May 2013): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921313006650.

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AbstractThe focal ratio degradation (FRD) of optical fibers is a major source causing light loss to astronomical multi-fibre instruments like LAMOST (Oliveira, A. C, et al. 2005). The effects of stress and twist during mounting and rotation of the fibers could change the FRD for individual fibers (Clayton 1989), which means that the transmission efficiency of each individual fiber will vary. We investigate such throughput variation among LAMOST fibers and its relevance to the intensity of sky emission lines (Garstang 1989) over the full wavelength coverage. On the basis of the work, we present an approach to correct the varied fiber throughput by measuring the strength of the sky emission lines as the secondary throughput correction.

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Xu, Dandan, Huibin Ma, and Yu Guo. "Effects of Fiber Shape on Mechanical Properties of Fiber Assemblies." Materials 16, no. 7 (March 29, 2023): 2712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16072712.

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The effects of fiber shape on the mechanical responses of fiber assemblies under compression, tension, and shear deformations are numerically investigated using the discrete element method (DEM). Simulations of the compression of ring-shaped fibers are consistent with experimental results, verifying the discrete element method code. In the compressive tests of S-shaped fibers, pressure exhibits a nonmonotonic dependence on fiber curvature; while in the tensile tests, yield tensile stress generally decreases with increasing fiber curvature. In the shear tests, yield shear stress decreases with increasing fiber curvature for the S-shaped fibers, and the smallest yield shear stresses and the smallest coordination numbers are obtained for U-shaped and Z-shaped fibers. It is interesting to observe that for the assemblies of various fiber shapes, yield shear stress increases with increasing maximum Feret diameter of the fibers, which characterizes the largest dimension of a fiber between two parallel tangential lines. These novel observations of the effects of fiber shape provide some guidelines for material designs with the fibers.

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Lin, Jia Horng, Ting Ting Li, Ying Hsuan Hsu, Ying Huei Shih, and Ching Wen Lou. "Mechanical and Puncture Resistance Property of Inflaming-Retarding Fiber Composite." Advanced Materials Research 910 (March 2014): 234–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.910.234.

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For application as surface layer of PU composites for the future, puncture resistance and inflame retarding property are both considered. Therefore, in this preliminary study, we discussed effect of Nylon fiber fineness and hot pressing on tensile, tear and puncture resistance properties of fiber composite composed of inflame retarding nonwoven and Nylon/PET nonwoven. Result shows that, Fiber composite with finer Nylon fibers exhibited higher tensile strength and puncture resistances. Hot pressing decreased tensile strength, tear strength and puncture resistance by 5-mm needle penetration, but increased puncture resistance by 2-mm needle penetration.

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Zhao, Yun, Jihong Bi, Junlong Zhou, Xiaomin Liu, Xiaopeng Li, and Wenbin Geng. "The Effect of Fiber Volume Fraction on Fiber Distribution in Steel Fiber Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete." Buildings 13, no. 5 (April 23, 2023): 1125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13051125.

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This paper investigates the effect of fiber volume fraction on fiber distribution in steel fiber reinforced self-compacting concrete (SFRSCC) through experiments and numerical simulations. Three types of SFRSCC beam specimens with different fiber volume fractions (0.3%, 0.6%, and 0.9%) were cut to expose the steel fibers. The number and the orientation angle of the steel fibers on the beam sections were determined by image analysis techniques. Fiber density, fiber segregation coefficient, fiber dispersion coefficient and fiber orientation coefficient were applied to evaluate fiber distribution on the beam sections. Based on the experimental data, numerical models simulating the pouring process of fresh SFRSCC were established to analyze the overall fiber distribution in the specimens. The results show that the distribution state of the fibers on the beam sections is not random and uniform, which is correlated to the fiber volume fraction. Due to the variable rheological properties, a greater fiber volume fraction causes better fiber uniformity, lower fiber segregation and worse fiber alignment on the beam sections. Meanwhile, the numerical results show that the distribution law of fibers along the length direction of the specimens is almost independent of the fiber volume fraction. In addition, increasing the fiber volume fraction results in the increase of the average angle of the fiber orientation in the specimens. The results can provide a reference for optimizing the fiber distribution in the concrete matrix.

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Bedmar, Javier, Belén Torres, and Joaquín Rams. "Manufacturing of Aluminum Matrix Composites Reinforced with Carbon Fiber Fabrics by High Pressure Die Casting." Materials 15, no. 9 (May 9, 2022): 3400. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15093400.

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Aluminum matrix composites reinforced with carbon fiber have been manufactured for the first time by infiltrating an A413 aluminum alloy in carbon fiber woven using high-pressure die casting (HPDC). Composites were manufactured with unidirectional carbon fibers and with 2 × 2 twill carbon wovens. The HPDC allowed full wetting of the carbon fibers and the infiltration of the aluminum alloy in the fibers meshes using aluminum at 680 °C. There was no discontinuity at the carbon fiber-matrix interface, and porosity was kept below 0.1%. There was no degradation of the carbon fibers by their reaction with molten aluminum, and a refinement of the microstructure in the vicinity of the carbon fibers was observed due to the heat dissipation effect of the carbon fiber during manufacturing. The mechanical properties of the composite materials showed a 10% increase in Young’s modulus, a 10% increase in yield strength, and a 25% increase in tensile strength, which are caused by the load transfer from the alloy to the carbon fibers. There was also a 70% increase in elongation for the unidirectionally reinforced samples because of the finer microstructure and the load transfer to the fibers, allowing the formation of larger voids in the matrix before breaking. The comparison with different mechanical models proves that there was an effective load transference from the matrix to the fibers.

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Ma, Zhan Qing, Wei De Lu, and Shu Yao Wen. "Apply Plant Fiber to Enrich the Microorganism for Degrading the Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water." Advanced Materials Research 396-398 (November 2011): 2002–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.2002.

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Application of brown hair fiber, ramie fiber, jute fiber and flax fiber to degrade PAHs in water was studied. The experimental results show that the plant fibers which enrich the microbial has better effect of degradation on PAHs in water,and the degradation effects are highly related with plant fiber’s layout density,HRT and aeration rate. The higher the layout density of jute fiver,HRT and aeration rate,the better the effects of decontamination,which means the water quality of effluent meets the GB5749-2006 standard that the total content of PAHs is less than 2000 ng•L-1. Select No11~No14 Tank plant fiber density,6h HRT and 12h aeration,the effect of degradation of PAHs is the best. This result shows that microbial enriched by plant fiber has a good effect of degrading PAHs in water. Plant fibers provide a space as large as possible for indigenous bacteria attached to the growth in water,and also provide a good micro-environment for their biochemical reaction. The indigenous microorganisms attached to the surface of plant fibers rapidly grow to achieve strengthen the natural degradation of the PAHs in water. Except the biodegradable role of plant fiber enrich the microorganisms to degrade PAHs,in addition,there also exists absorption and evaporation effects. Macrocyclic PAHs ring has a more strong hydrophobicity than the small ring,so that in the process of biodegradation,the small ring is more easily to be absorbed by the plant fiber and biofilm surface,and more easily to be degraded. Therefore,plant fiber enriched microbial to degrade PAHs is the main process,then followed by adsorption and evaporation process.

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Lazic, Biljana, Svjetlana Janjic, Tatjana Rijavec, and Mirjana Kostic. "Effect of chemical treatments on the chemical composition and properties of flax fibers." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 82, no. 1 (2017): 83–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc160707106l.

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Flax fibers were modified with NaOH and NaClO2 under different conditions in order to clarify effects of hemicelluloses and lignin removal on the morphology and properties of flax fibers, but also to improve fiber quality. The quality of flax fibers was characterized in terms of chemical composition, fineness, whiteness, mechanical and sorption properties. Both treatments, alkali treatment leading to hemicelluloses removal (up to 72 % of hemicelluloses removed) and chlorite treatment leading to lignin removal (up to 96 % of lignin removed), induce a modification of morphology and properties of flax fibers. For 5 % NaOH treatments, as well as all NaClO2 treatments, increase in the crystallinity was observed, while for higher NaOH concentrations, the mercerization phenomenon induces a slight decrease of the crystallinity. Modification with NaClO2 results in fiber fibrillation while modification with NaOH at boiling temperature results in smoother fiber surfaces. Both treatments cause decrease in tensile strength and water retention values, with maximal decrease obtained for NaOH treatment at boiling temperature. Chlorite treatment results in finer fibers having a higher whiteness index compare to alkali modified fibers.

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38

Lian, Qin, Di Chen Li, and Bing Heng Lu. "Fabrication of Fiber-Reinforced CPC Composite Artificial Bone by RP/RT." Materials Science Forum 532-533 (December 2006): 745–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.532-533.745.

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Self-hardening calcium phosphate cement (CPC) could not be used to repair a large segmental defect in a load-bearing bone because of its brittleness and weak shock resistance as well as ultra-minute pores. Recent studies incorporated fibers into CPC to improve its strength. A novel approach by rapid prototyping and rapid tool technique (RP/RT) was used in this paper to fabricate fibre-reinforced CPC composite artificial bone. The subsequent mechanical experiments demonstrated that the compressive strength of the CPC-fiber artificial bone was 24MPa, which was significantly higher than 6MPa for CPC control without fiber. And in-vivo experiment about canine radius repair proved that the implanted CPC-fiber artificial bone enabled to provide short-time reinforced mechanical strength, while the degraded fibers created new macropores for new tissue ingrowth. In summary, the CPC-fiber artificial bone may facilitate bone ingrowth and its four times increase in strength may help extend the use of CPC to larger bone repairs in moderately stress-bearing locations.

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Servais, Colin, Jan-Anders E. Månson, and Staffan Toll. "Fiber–fiber interaction in concentrated suspensions: Disperse fibers." Journal of Rheology 43, no. 4 (July 1999): 991–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1122/1.551014.

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Reid, M. B., G. C. Ericson, H. A. Feldman, and R. L. Johnson. "Fiber types and fiber diameters in canine respiratory muscles." Journal of Applied Physiology 62, no. 4 (April 1, 1987): 1705–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1987.62.4.1705.

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In the present study, we measured fiber types and fiber diameters in canine respiratory muscles and examined regional variation within the diaphragm. Samples of eight diaphragm regions, internal intercostals, external intercostals, transversus abdominis, and triceps brachii were removed from eight adult mongrel dogs, frozen, and histochemically processed for standard fiber type and fiber diameter determinations. The respiratory muscles were composed of types I and IIa fibers; no IIb fibers were identified. Fiber composition differed between muscles (P less than 0.0001). Normal type I percent (+/- SE) were: diaphragm 46 +/- 2, external intercostal 85 +/- 6, internal intercostals 48 +/- 3, transversus abdominis 53 +/- 1, and triceps 33 +/- 7. The diaphragm also contained a type I subtype [6 +/- 1% (SE)] previously thought only to occur in developing muscle. Fiber composition varied between diaphragm regions (P less than 0.01). Most notably, left medial crus contained 64% type I fibers. Fiber size also varied systematically among muscles (P less than 0.025) and diaphragm regions (P less than 0.0005). External intercostal fiber diameter was largest (47–50 microns) and diaphragm was smallest (34 microns). Within diaphragm, crural fibers were larger than costal (P less than 0.05). We conclude that there are systematic differences in fiber composition and fiber diameter of the canine respiratory muscles.

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Niranjan, Raja R., S. Junaid Kokan, R. Sathya Narayanan, S. Rajesh, V. M. Manickavasagam, and B. Vijaya Ramnath. "Fabrication and Testing of Abaca Fibre Reinforced Epoxy Composites for Automotive Applications." Advanced Materials Research 718-720 (July 2013): 63–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.718-720.63.

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The natural fibre composite materials are nowadays playing a vital role in replacing the conventional and synthetic materials for industrial applications. This paper proposes a natural fiber composite made of Abaca fibre as reinforcing agent with Epoxy resin as the matrix, manufactured using Hand Lay-up method. Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics (woven rovings) are used to improve the surface finish and impart more strength and stiffness to natural fibers. In this work, the fibers are arranged in alternative layers of abaca in horizontal and vertical orientation. The mechanical properties of the composite are determined by testing the samples for tensile and flexural strength. It is observed that the tensile strength of the composite material is dependent on the strength of the natural fiber and also on the interfacial adhesion between the reinforcement and the matrix. The composite is developed for automobile dashboard/mudguard application. It may also be extended to biomedical, electronics and sports goods manufacturing. It can also be used in marine products due to excellent resistance of abaca to salt water damage since the tensile strength when it is wet.

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42

Setiawan, Adhi. "SINTESIS DAN KARAKTERISASI KOMPOSIT FIBER SABUT KELAPA SAWIT DENGAN RESIN EPOKSI." JTT (Jurnal Teknologi Terapan) 6, no. 1 (April 25, 2020): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31884/jtt.v6i1.240.

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The use of natural fiber as reinforcement for epoxy polymer composites is currently a concern for researchers because it is environmentally friendly so it can replace glass fiber or carbon in engineering applications. Palm fiber is a type of natural fiber that is produced by the cooking oil industry as a component of waste. The surface modification of fiber with NaOH solution is one of the factors that determines level of adhesion to the epoxy polymer matrix. This study to analyze the effect of alkali treatment on the morphology and characteristics of fiber. In addition, the effect of palm fiber composition on the mechanical properties of composites were studied. Alkali treatment on fiber was carried out using 10% wt sodium hidroxide solution. The morphology and characteristics palm fiber before and after alkali treatment were analyzed using SEM-EDX, XRD, and FTIR. Tensile tests were carried out on composites with treated fibers and without treatment with sodium hidroxide solution. The results showed that alkali treatment caused the surface morphology of the fiber to be finer due to the loss of lignin and hemicellulose components. Alkali treatment fiber can increase the tensile strenght. Composites with fiber and resin composition of 4%: 96% wt that have undergone alkali treatment have a maximum tensile strength of 21.60 MPa.

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Tran, L. Q. N., X. W. Yuan, D. Bhattacharyya, C. Fuentes, A. W. Van Vuure, and I. Verpoest. "Fiber-matrix interfacial adhesion in natural fiber composites." International Journal of Modern Physics B 29, no. 10n11 (April 23, 2015): 1540018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979215400184.

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The interface between natural fibers and thermoplastic matrices is studied, in which fiber-matrix wetting analysis and interfacial adhesion are investigated to obtain a systematic understanding of the interface. In wetting analysis, the surface energies of the fibers and the matrices are estimated using their contact angles in test liquids. Work of adhesion is calculated for each composite system. For the interface tests, transverse three point bending tests (3PBT) on unidirectional (UD) composites are performed to measure interfacial strength. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization on the fibers is also carried out to obtain more information about the surface chemistry of the fibers. UD composites are examined to explore the correlation between the fiber-matrix interface and the final properties of the composites. The results suggest that the higher interfacial adhesion of the treated fiber composites compared to untreated fiber composites can be attributed to higher fiber-matrix physico–chemical interaction corresponding with the work of adhesion.

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Lewis, Michael R., and Robert Josephs. "Cryo-electron microscopy of deoxy-sickle hemoglobin fibers." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 2 (August 1992): 1036–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100129814.

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Sickle cell disease is caused by the self assembly of deoxy-sickle hemoglobin (HbS) into fibers which rigidify and distort red cells. Fiber assembly is auto-catalytic in that the surface of existing fibers acts as a nucleating template for the assembly of new fibers (heterogeneous nucleation). Thus fibers are found typically as bundles of aligned particles. Understanding fiber-fiber interaction is crucial to understanding the pathology of fiber formation. Moreover, disrupting fiber-fiber interactions would likely ameliorate the severity of the disease. We have obtained images of both laterally associated and isolated fibers by cryo-electron microscopy (Figure 1). Optical diffraction indicates that laterally associated fibers tend to have much better long range order than isolated fibers. This observation suggests that deoxy-HbS fibers are more disordered when they are not mechanically coupled by inter-fiber contacts. In this study we assess the effects of fiber-fiber interactions on torsional disorder of deoxy-HbS fibers.

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Subramanya, Raghavendra, and S. S. Prabhakara. "Surface Modification of Banana Fiber and its Influence on Performance of Biodegradable Banana-Cassava Starch Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 895 (November 2019): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.895.15.

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Natural fibers, in particularly lignocellulosic fibers are attracting material scientists now days, due to their comparative advantages over synthetic fibers. Biodegradable composites reinforced with short banana fibre after alkali treatment along with cassava starch matrix were prepared using the hot compression method. The mechanical properties like tensile strength and impact strength were investigated. Mechanical properties of the composites made from alkali treated fibres were superior to the untreated fibres. SEM observations on the fracture surface of composites showed that the surface modification of the fibre occurred and improved fibre–matrix adhesion. Keywords: Surface modification; banana fiber; Biodegradable composites; Mechanical properties; Matrix.

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Yao, Bibo, Zhaoyao Zhou, Liuyang Duan, and Zengtao Chen. "Characterization of three-point bending properties of metal–resin interpenetrating phase composites." RSC Advances 8, no. 29 (2018): 16171–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra01953c.

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Three-point bending properties of the metal–resin IPCs exhibit anisotropy. Flexural strength increases with increasing fiber fractions and finer fibers improve the properties. The fracture shows both brittle and plastic characteristics.

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47

Guo, Li Ping, and Dong Yi Lei. "Effect of Fiber Type and Fiber Hybrids on Strain-Hardening and Multiple Cracking Properties of the Ultra-High Performance Cementitious Composites under Uniaxial Loads." Key Engineering Materials 711 (September 2016): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.711.187.

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Five series of strain hardening ultra-high performance cementitious composites (SHUHPCC) incorporated with different types of fibers and hybrid fibers were produced. Three types of fibers (steel fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber and polyethylene fiber) were used as mono or hybrid reinforcement in SHUHPCC with the same volume fraction of 2%. The primary strengths, strain hardening and multiple cracking behaviors of hybrid fiber reinforced SHUHPCC under the uniaxial tensile are investigated. Test results show that the SHUHPCC containing PE fibers exhibited higher strain hardening capacity and lower first cracking strength than composites reinforced with mono PVA fiber or mono steel fiber. The composites containing PVA fibers or steel fibers have higher tensile strength and first cracking strength than the composite reinforced by mono PE fiber. Hybridization reinforcement with different fibers is able to make up defects of mono fiber reinforcement for SHUHPCC. The change laws of tensile strength and uniaxial compression strength of SHUHPCC with mono PE fiber and mono PVA fiber are opposite to each other.

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Tarkono, Tarkono, and Hadi Ali. "PENAMBAHAN SERAT TANDAN KOSONG KELAPA SAWIT (TKKS) DALAM RANGKA MEREDUKSI BERAT KOMPOSIT PAPAN SEMEN." ROTOR 10, no. 2 (November 1, 2017): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/rotor.v10i2.5761.

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Inventories of oil palm empty fruit bunches palm (EFBP) at oil palm factories are very abundant. This will be a problem if the handling is not serious. Utilization of EFBP fiber as a technical material is one effort that can be done in order to help reduce the problem of EFBP waste in palm oil mill. EFBP fibers as the substance of fibrous cement board aims to reduce to the weight of the material without lowering its strength. The method of making fibrous cement board by mixing EFBP fiber into dough with 12% marble powder ratio, 10% CaCO3 powder and EFBP fiber volume and portland cement are varied. The addition of EFBP fibers as much as 16% of the total volume can decrease the weight by 15.2%. The results showed that the cement board based on EFBP fibers under optimum conditions has a tensile strength of 1.58 Mpa, density (ρ) of 1519 k g / cm3 and bending strength of 2.61 MPa. Thus, the addition of EFBP fiber to the production of cement board has the potential to be mass produced Keywords : cement board , fibre, EFBP

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Wulaningrum, Ratna, Dwi Cahyadi, Suparno, and Ferry Bayu Setiawan. "Utilization of Machines to Produce Craft Raw Materials from Doyo Leaf Fiber." E3S Web of Conferences 500 (2024): 03027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202450003027.

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The limitation of raw materials for doyo leaf fiber crafts is that the fiber produced is still stiff so it is mostly used for crafts in the form of decoration only. Researchers made a machine to produce doyo leaf fiber with a finer texture to help local craftsmen improve the quality of their products. This research aims to test the use of machines by local craftsmen to produce raw materials from doyo leaf fiber. This research uses a comparative description method between the process of producing raw materials from doyo leaf fiber using a machine and manually. This research found empirical evidence that doyo leaf fiber processed by machine produces products with softer quality than when processed manually. The strength of the fibers produced by the machine is the same as if processed manually. The results of this study are useful for improving the quality and diversity of products produced by local craftsmen using doyo fiber as raw material. While doyo leaf fiber has been mostly used to make decorations, processing it using a machine produces fine fiber so it can be used for fashion products.

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Kumar, Balakrishnan Rajesh, Masilamany Santha Alphin, Vajjiram Santhanam, and Vimalanathan Palanikumar. "Mechanical, Vibration and Visco-elastic Behavior of Abelmoschus Esculentus Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composite." Materiale Plastice 59, no. 4 (January 1, 2001): 70–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.22.4.5626.

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Nowadays, research is focused on using bio-degradable natural fibre-based composites for secondary structural members. The present study aims to investigate the effect of fiber loading and surface treatment on the mechanical, vibrational, and viscoelastic properties of short, randomly oriented Abelmoschus Esculentus fiber-reinforced epoxy composites. The composite was fabricated by reinforcing various weight percentages of Abelmoschus Esculentus in epoxy resin by hand lay-up method and tested for tensile, flexural, and impact tests as per ASTM standards. Further, the fibres are treated with alkali to evaluate their effect on the mechanical properties of composites. The analysis indicated that fiber loading had a significant impact on the mechanical properties of the composite, with the maximum tensile strength of 27.8 MPa being obtained at a fiber loading of 20 volume %. The surface treatment of the fiber with 2% NaOH solution increased the tensile strength by 34%. All composite specimens were subjected to vibration analysis. The results showed that composite reinforced with 20% fibre loading provided superior mechanical and damping qualities. Dynamic Mechanical Analysis revealed that the Storage Modulus (E�) improved with the addition of Abelmoschus Esculentus fiiber.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Fiber'

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