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Journal articles on the topic 'Fiber reinforced metal'
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1
ABE, YASUAKI. "Fiber Reinforced Metal." Sen'i Gakkaishi 41, no. 6 (1985): P173—P179. http://dx.doi.org/10.2115/fiber.41.6_p173.
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Xiaoyu, Jiang, and Kong Xiangan. "Computer Simulation of 3-D Random Distribution of Short Fibers in Metal Matrix Composite Materials." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 121, no. 3 (July 1, 1999): 386–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2812391.
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In this paper, the microstructure of “Saffil”-Al2O3 short fiber reinforced Al-Mg5.5 metal matrix composite material is simulated by computer. In the simulation it is taken into account of that the lengths, diameters, orientations, and locations of short fibers, etc. For the 3-D randomly distributed short fibers in composite materials, the typical distributions of short fiber microstructures on different planes are obtained for different short fiber volume fractions. The microstructural effects of average fiber length, diameter and their standard deviations on the overall strength of metal matrix composite materials are analyzed. From the short fiber microstructural distribution in metal matrix composite materials, the short fiber diameter coefficient ξd and short fiber length coefficient ξ1 are obtained for different standard deviations σd and σl, respectively. The short fiber orientation coefficient ξa is obtained, also. The results of these coefficients may be useful to the manufacture and use of short fiber reinforced composite materials. Considering these coefficients ξa ξd and ξl, the improved formula is given for the direct calculation of overall strength of short fibers reinforced composite materials. The improved formula may reflect the microstructural characteristics of short fibers reinforced composite materials.
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Salve, Aniket, Ratnakar Kulkarni, and Ashok Mache. "A Review: Fiber Metal Laminates (FML’s) - Manufacturing, Test methods and Numerical modeling." International Journal of Engineering Technology and Sciences 3, no. 2 (December 30, 2016): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/ijets.6.2016.1.10.1060.
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Weight reduction of components is the main aim of different industrial sectors. This leads to increasing application areas of fiber composites for primary structural components. Aiming this objective, a new lightweight Fiber/Metal Laminate (FML) has been developed. Fiber metal laminate is one such material which is being widely investigated for its performance compared to existing material.. The most commercially available fiber metal laminates (FML’s) are ARALL (Aramid Reinforced Aluminium Laminate), based on aramid fibers, GLARE (Glass Reinforced Aluminium Laminate), based on high strength glass fibers and CARALL (Carbon Reinforced Aluminium Laminate), based on carbon fibers. The mechanical properties of FML show advantages over the properties of both aluminium alloys and composite materials individual. This paper reviews relevant literature which deals with different manufacturing techniques for FML’s with excellent properties under tensile, flexure and impact conditions. It also reviewed recent modeling techniques on FML’s. Modeling of tensile, flexure and impacts behavior on fiber metal laminates requires understanding the bonding between the metal and composite layer. Further research is necessary in the assessment of mechanical performance of complex structures in real world conditions.
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KWON, OH-HEON, and JI-WOONG KANG. "THE STRESS ANALYSIS AND THE CRACK BEHAVIOR ACCORDING TO THE CHARACTERISTIC OF THE INTERFACIAL REGION IN FIBER REINFORCED MMC." International Journal of Modern Physics B 20, no. 25n27 (October 30, 2006): 4457–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979206041513.
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High performance composite reinforced with unidirectional continuous fibers are used in applications requiring high stiffness, high strength and light weight. Because of the high stiffness of the reinforced continuous fiber, the longitudinal performance of such unidirectional composites is greatly enhanced, but their transverse performance is so weak. The nature of the fiber/matrix interface is one of the important factors which determine the unique properties of the fiber reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCs). So, the current study is focused on the fracture behavior of the interface. Both stress state of the interface and crack parameters of the perpendicular crack to the interface for unidirectional fiber reinforced metal matrix composites under the transverse loading are investigated by using elastic-plastic finite element analysis. Different fiber volume fractions (5~60%) and arrangement (square and hexagon) of fibers were studied numerically. The fiber/matrix interface was treated as multi thin layer with different material properties. The fiber is assumed as linear elastic SiC and the matrix is assumed as elastic-plastic Ti -15-3 Titanium alloy. The results show that the stress distributions of the multi thin layer model have much less changes compared with a single interface case. And the properties of the interfacial zone affect the stress distribution, crack behavior and mechanical behavior of the fiber reinforced metal matrix composite.
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Stoll, Matthias, Franziska Stemmer, Sergej Ilinzeer, and Kay André Weidenmann. "Optimization of Corrosive Properties of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Aluminum Laminates due to Integration of an Elastomer Interlayer." Key Engineering Materials 742 (July 2017): 287–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.742.287.
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Fiber-Metal-Laminates (FML) show superior dynamic mechanical properties combined with low densities. The mechanical performance of for example commercially available fiber-metal-laminate, glass laminate aluminum reinforced epoxy, can be improved by the substitution of glass fibers with carbon fibers. However, carbon fiber reinforced aluminum laminate introduces a mismatch of coefficients of thermal expansion and the possibility of galvanic corrosion. The fiber-metal-laminate is altered by the integration of an elastomer interlayer which is desired to solve both problems. The high electrical resistance is supposed to inhibit the corrosion. This study focuses on the effect of galvanic corrosion caused by neutral salt spray tests on fiber-metal-laminates, the influence of an elastomer interlayer and the quantification of the residual mechanical properties. The galvanic corrosion affects the interfaces of the laminates, therefore in this study edge shear tests and flexural tests were carried out to quantify the residual properties and thereby the corrosive damage. The elastomer interlayer was found to inhibit galvanic corrosion in the salt spray chamber, whereas the fiber-metal-laminate without interlayer showed corrosive damage. Furthermore, the mechanical properties of the fiber-metal-laminate with elastomer interlayer remained constant after the corrosion tests, whilst the fiber-metal-laminate’s properties decreased with corrosive loads.
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Han, Dong Yeop, Min Cheol Han, Seong Hwan Yang, and Cheon Goo Han. "Economic Aspect of Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Composite." Advanced Materials Research 1129 (November 2015): 249–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1129.249.
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The aim of this presentation is to recommend an economical technique for preparing fiber-reinforced mortar for blast resistant structures using polymer fibers. Fiber-reinforced concrete was developed to improve ductility by preventing micro-cracking. It is also used to strengthen blast resistant structures, and to prevent spalling under the fire conditions. Because of the better mechanical properties and bonding performance, metal fiber is mainly used for the blast resistant structure. However, because of the high cost of the fiber, the cost of the reinforced cementitious composite is higher than normal concrete. This is especially true for short steel fiber where its high cost has to be weighed against its outstanding performance. As a solution, a more economical substitute can be found in polymer fibers of nylon and polyvinyl alcohol fibers, which cut costs without a significant decrease in performance. In this study, for fiber-reinforced mortar, each fiber and combination of fibers incorporated made up 1% to the total volume of the mortar. For fresh state properties, although the mortar contained combined fibers, there was no significant decrease in flow and air content. As the polymer fibers were combined with steel fibers, approximately 35% of tensile strength and 12% of flexural strength decreased. However, from the strain-stress relationship, the fiber-reinforced mortar with combined fibers showed more favorable results than single steel fiber. The results of this study are expected to contribute on the economic approach of fiber-reinforced cementitious composites using combined fibers.
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Baru, Andre Juanda, Jefri S. Bale, and Yeremias M. Pell. "ANALISIS KEKUATAN IMPAK KOMPOSIT HYBRID SERAT LONTAR DAN SERAT GELAS UNTUK APLIKASI HELM KENDARAAN BERMOTOR." Jurnal Fisika : Fisika Sains dan Aplikasinya 7, no. 1 (April 24, 2022): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.35508/fisa.v7i1.5894.
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The fiber content of lontar fruit can be utilized in a non-metal composite substitute for a more expensive metal composite. Currently, non-metallic materials are widely used as substitutes for metal materials because they have various advantages, namely being lighter in weight, easier to shape, and cheaper. One of these non-metallic materials is fiberglass. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of alkali treatment on the impact properties of polyester fiber reinforced palm fiber and glass fiber composites, the effect of concentrations of 5%, 10%, and 15% Alkali (NaOH) on the impact properties, and treatment time 0, 2, 4, and 6 hours on Impact properties of polyester composites reinforced with palm fiber and glass fibers. 20% of the test specimens were made according to the ASTMD256-04 standard and tested with an impact tester. The results of the impact test showed that composites with hybrid fibers (palm fiber and glass fiber) as well as composites with palm fiber which were treated with alkali tended to have greater impact properties than those not treated with alkali. Fiber-reinforced composites treated with 15% alkali had the highest average toughness, while the lowest impact toughness was composites with fiber reinforcement treated with 5% alkali. The length of time of treatment had an effect on the impact toughness of the composites.
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Sayyar, Mohammad, Anagi M. Balachandra, and Parviz Soroushian. "Energy absorption capacity of pseudoelastic fiber-reinforced composites." Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 21, no. 2 (March 1, 2014): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2013-0021.
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AbstractPseudoelastic fiber-reinforced metal matrix composite with enhanced ductility and energy absorption capacity was developed. This composite system relies on the distributed nature of large pseudoelastic strains to mitigate localization of inelastic deformation and failure, and thus mobilizes a major fraction of volume for effective energy absorption. The pseudoelastic fibers were made of Ni-Ti-Cr alloy used in conjunction with two different matrices, aluminum and copper. Tension and pull-out tests were performed to evaluate the ductility and energy absorption capacity of control and pseudoelastic fiber-reinforced composites. Experimental results confirmed the ability of pseudoelastic fibers to induce distributed inelastic deformation within metal matrix composites for realizing major gains in ductility and energy absorption capacity.
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Frankiewicz, Mariusz, Grzegorz Ziółkowski, Robert Dziedzic, Tomasz Osiecki, and Peter Scholz. "Damage to inverse hybrid laminate structures: an analysis of shear strength test." Materials Science-Poland 40, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 130–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/msp-2022-0016.
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Abstract Hybrid laminates with continuous fiber reinforcement, such as glass reinforced aluminium laminate (GLARE), aramid reinforced aluminum laminate (ARALL), or carbon reinforced aluminum laminate (CARALL), have been developed to increase the lightweight potential and fatigue resistance applied for aircraft structures. However, the use of thermosetting matrices imposes material limitations regarding recycling, malleability, and manufacturing-cycle times. The inverse hybrid laminate approach is based on a continuous fiber-reinforced thermoplastic matrix, in which a metal insert is integrated. For efficient manufacturing of the novel composites in high-volume production processes, conventional sheet metal–forming methods have been applied. It helped to reduce the cycle times and the costs of the forming equipment compared to currently used hybrid laminate-processing technologies. The present study analyzes the damage to the inverse hybrid laminate structures resulting from the interlaminar shear strength test. The tests were performed for eight laminate material configurations, which differed by the type and directions of the reinforced glass and carbon fibers in the polyamide matrix and the number of the fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) layers in the laminates. Industrial computed tomography and scanning electron microscopy were used for analysis. Observed damages, including fiber–matrix debonding, fiber breakages, matrix fractures, interfacial debonding, and delamination in selected areas of the material, are strictly dependent on the laminate configurations. FRP layers reinforced by fibers perpendicular to the bending axis presented better resistance against fractures of the matrix, but their adhesion to the aluminum inserts was lower than in layers reinforced by fibers parallel to the bending axis.
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Nguyen, Dinh Tuyen, and Huu Cuong Le. "Potential of jute fiber-reinforced composites in the manufacture of components and equipment used on ships and hulls." Journal of Emerging Science and Engineering 1, no. 1 (September 2, 2023): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.61435/jese.2023.3.
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In today's maritime field, metal materials are very popular, but they have certain limitations. To meet a variety of requirements, many new materials have been used, including fiberglass reinforced composites, but these materials are often difficult to decompose, have poor recyclability, and cause a great impact on the environment after a period of use. There have been many studies aimed at using natural fibers to replace glass fibers in order to solve the limitations of glass fiber reinforced composites. Jute is one of the most popular natural fibers. Recently, researchers have focused their attention on jute fiber-reinforced composites. This article will talk about the potential of jute fiber reinforced composites applied to the manufacture of components and equipment used on ships and hulls.
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Bao, G., and R. M. McMeeking. "Fatigue Cracking in Fiber-Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites Under Mechanical and Thermal Loads." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 118, no. 2 (April 1, 1996): 416–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2816606.
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This article reviews micromechanical models developed for fatigue cracking in fiber-reinforced metal matrix composites under mechanical and thermal loads. Emphasis is placed on the formulae and design charts that can quantify the fatigue crack growth and fiber fracture. The composite is taken to be linear elastic, with unidirectional aligned fibers. Interfacial debonding is assumed to occur readily, allowing fibers to slide relative to the matrix resisted by a uniform shear stress. The fibers therefore bridge any matrix crack that develops. The crack bridging traction law includes the effect of thermal expansion mismatch between the fiber and the matrix and a temperature dependence of the frictional shear stress. Predictions are made of the crack tip stress intensities, matrix fatigue crack growth, and maximum fiber stresses under mechanical or thermomechanical loads. For composites under thermomechanical load, both in-phase and out-of-phase fatigue are modeled. The implications for life prediction for fiber-reinforced metal matrix composites are discussed.
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Coterlici, Radu Francisc, Virgil Geamăn, Irinel Radomir, and Mihai Alin Pop. "Green Composites Based on Kenaf Fibers." Advanced Engineering Forum 13 (June 2015): 15–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.13.15.
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Natural fibers have recently become attractive to automotive industry as an alternative reinforcement for glass fiber reinforced thermoplastics. The best way to increase the fuel efficiency without sacrificing safety is to employ fiber reinforced composite materials in the body of the cars so that weight reduction can be achieved. The latest thermo plastic developments have resulted in higher material properties and more possibilities in the design of bumper beams. However the use of steel, aluminum, glass thermoplastics, sheet metal components, bumpers becomes at higher cost than long fiber reinforced thermoplastics.
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Chen, Yizhe, Zhuoqun Wang, Yi Lin, Hui Wang, and Lin Hua. "Theoretical Modeling and Experimental Verification of the Bending Deformation of Fiber Metal Laminates." Materials 16, no. 9 (April 30, 2023): 3486. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16093486.
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Fiber metal laminates have been widely used as the primary materials in aircraft panels, and have excellent specific strength. Bending deformation is the most common loading mode of such components. An accurate theoretical predictive model for the bending process for the carbon reinforced aluminum laminates is of great significance for predicting the actual stress response. In this paper, based on the metal-plastic bending theory and the modified classical fiber laminate theory, a modified bending theory model of carbon-fiber-reinforced aluminum laminates was established. The plastic deformation of the thin metal layer in laminates and the interaction between fiber and metal interfaces were considered in this model. The bending strength was predicted analytically. The FMLs were made from 5052 aluminum sheets, with carbon fibers as the reinforcement, and were bonded and cured by locally manufacturers. The accuracy of the theory was verified by three-point bending experiments, and the prediction error was 8.4%. The results show that the fiber metal laminates consisting of three layers of aluminum and two layers of fiber had the best bending properties. The theoretical model could accurately predict the bending deformation behaviors of fiber metal laminates, and has significant value for the theoretical analysis and performance testing of laminates.
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Arpatappeh, Fardin Asghari, Mehdi Abdollahi Azghan, and Reza Eslami-Farsani. "The effect of stacking sequence of basalt and Kevlar fibers on the Charpy impact behavior of hybrid composites and fiber metal laminates." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 234, no. 16 (March 25, 2020): 3270–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406220914325.
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In this study, the effect of the arrangement of Kevlar and basalt fibers as the reinforcements on the Charpy impact behavior of hybrid epoxy composites was investigated. Also, the effect of adding metal plates (aluminum 2024-T3 and stainless steel 316L) into the basalt/ Kevlar fibers reinforced epoxy composites to fabricate fiber metal laminates under Charpy impact loads was studied. The fabricated fiber metal laminates in this research consisted of three metal plates and two groups of composite layers placed between them and were fabricated by the hand lay-up technique. Results indicated that the stacking sequence of fibers due to the hybridization effect caused a considerable improvement in the energy absorption value (99%) of hybrid composites, compared to specimens with one kind of fibers. Moreover, the effect of adding aluminum plates for the fabrication of fiber metal laminate was greater than adding steel plates. Considering the weight of composites, fiber metal laminates with aluminum and steel sheets, it was found that the average specific energy absorption value of aluminum fiber metal laminates was about 2.5 times higher than those of steel fiber metal laminates and composites.
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Ardana, Emy, and Aries Chandra Trilaksana. "Pasak estetik dari bahan fiber reinforced composite Esthetic post made of fiber reinforced composite materials." Journal of Dentomaxillofacial Science 12, no. 1 (February 28, 2013): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/jdmfs.v12i1.350.
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The prosthetic treatment of seriously damaged teeth after treated with endodontic often require an endodontic post asan additional retention element for core build-up prior to crown restoration. In addition to metal-based posts andzirconia-based ceramic posts, fiber reinforced composite (FRC) post system has become to be widely used in therestoration of endodontically treated teeth. A FRC post offers a number of advantages over a metal post due to itsmodulus of elasticity being closer to that of dentin and superior esthetic quality. Teeth restored with FRC posts showbetter resistance to fracture propagation than teeth restored with prefabricated or cast metal posts. Endodonticallytreated teeth reinforced with a prefabricated fiber post have shown lower incidences of root fracture.
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Wang, Hsin-Fu, John C. Nelson, Chien-Li Lin, and William W. Gerberich. "Interfacial stability and mechanical properties of Al2O3 fiber reinforced Ti matrix composites." Journal of Materials Research 9, no. 2 (February 1994): 498–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1994.0498.
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The mechanical properties of the interfaces in an Al2O3 fiber reinforced β-21S Ti alloy have been evaluated by using fiber pushout tests. The Al2O3 fibers were coated with a refractory metal and Y2O3 which served as a diffusion barrier during the HIPing used to produce the metal matrix composites. By doing fiber pushout tests, the interfacial fracture was found to occur at the interface between the refractory metal and the Y2O3. The interfacial shear strength and interfacial frictional stress were measured to be 323 and 312 ± 2 MPa, respectively. The interfacial frictional stress, which is due to asperity interlocking during the fiber sliding, was correlated to the surface roughness of the coated Al2O3 fiber obtained with the aid of an atomic force microscope. The measured surface roughness of 18.8 ± 2.2 nm was related to the frictional stress through Hutchinson's model.9 The frictional coefficient between the Al2O3 fiber and the Ti matrix is calculated to be 0.32 ± 0.02.
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Neluyb, Vladimir A., Galina V. Malysheva, and Ivan A. Komarov. "New Technologies for Producing Multifunctional Reinforced Carbon Plastics." Materials Science Forum 1037 (July 6, 2021): 196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1037.196.
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In this article we investigated properties of elementary carbon fibers after their activation and subsequent deposition of thin layers of metal coatings on their surface. For deposition we used copper, titanium and stainless steel. We investigated influence of various technologies of preliminary processing of the fiber surface on the value of the adhesion strength of the metal coating to the carbon tape and on the mechanical properties of elementary fibers. We established that the strength of carbon plastics at interlayer shear increases by 10-30% when using carbon tapes and fabrics with a metal coating.
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Schneibel, J. H., E. P. George, C. G. McKamey, E. K. Ohriner, M. L. Santella, and C. A. Carmichael. "Fabrication and tensile properties of continuous-fiber reinforced Ni3Al–Al2O3 composites." Journal of Materials Research 6, no. 8 (August 1991): 1673–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1991.1673.
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Continuous-fiber reinforced metal-matrix composites consisting of Ni3Al alloys and Saphikon Al2O3 single crystal fibers were fabricated by hot-pressing of fiber-foil lay-ups. Two matrix compositions were employed, namely, IC50 (Ni–22.5Al–0.5Zr–0.1B, at. %) and IC396M (Ni–15.9Al–8.0Cr–0.5Zr–1.7Mo–0.02B, at. %). Etching of the foils in aqueous FeCl3 solution prior to lay-up and hot-pressing tended to improve fiber-matrix bonding and the density-normalized room temperature yield stress. Whereas strength improvements for the IC50 matrix were only moderate, significant improvements were found for an IC396M composite reinforced with 10 vol. % of Saphikon fibers.
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Adeniyi, Adewale George, Joshua O. Ighalo, and Damilola Victoria Onifade. "Banana and plantain fiber-reinforced polymer composites." Journal of Polymer Engineering 39, no. 7 (July 26, 2019): 597–611. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2019-0085.
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Abstract Natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites have been widely explored by many researchers due to their improved modulus and lightness compared to other conventional construction materials such as wood, metal, and steel. Cultivators only harvest banana and plantain fruits for food and leaves for food wrapping. The other portions of the plant are considered as wastes and a potential resource of natural fibers used as reinforcement in composites. Over the years, a plethora of research works has been done on banana and plantain fibers as fillers in plastic composites. Comprehensive catalogues of preparation techniques and mechanical properties were presented. The mechanical properties of banana fiber reinforcement in polyester and epoxy composites were compared to and contrasted with those of other natural fibers to elucidate its superiority or inferiority to those materials. This work gives an overview of the current state of knowledge of banana fiber-reinforced composites alongside the available research gaps.
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Ezhil Vannan, S., and S. Paul Vizhian. "Dry Sliding Wear Behaviour of Basalt Short Fiber Reinforced Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 592-594 (July 2014): 1285–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.592-594.1285.
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The aim of the work was to investigate the wear properties of basalt short fiber reinforced aluminum Metal Matrix Composites (MMCs) using pin-on-disc wear test rig. The Al/basalt MMCs contains basalt short fiber from 2.5 to 10 % in steps of 2.5 wt. % and fabricated using compocasting technique. The influences of the content of basalt short fiber, wear load, sliding distance, sliding velocity and mode of worn-out surface were discussed. The results indicated that Al/basalt short fiber composite had better wear resistance than that of the matrix alloy and it decreases with wt. % of basalt short fiber content. In other direction wear rate of both unreinforced alloy and reinforced composites increased with increasing in wear load and the sliding speed. Surfaces before and after wear tests were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Keywords: Metal matrix composite (MMCs), Basalt fibers, sliding wear, wear rate
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Gomon, Petro. "ANALYSIS OF THE USE METAL AND NON-METAL REINFORCEMENTS FOR STRENGTHENING WOODEN ELEMENTS AND STRUCTURES." Current problems of architecture and urban planning, no. 62 (January 31, 2022): 322–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2022.62.322-332.
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Domestic and foreign experience in the use of metallic and non-metallic reinforcement to strengthen load-bearing wooden elements and structures in industrial and civil construction, as well as in engineering structures is analyzed. The main types of metallic and non-metallic fittings and their mechanical characteristics are characterized. A detailed analysis of steel and various types of composite reinforcement (basalt reinforcement BFRP, fiberglass composite reinforcement GFRP, carbon composite reinforcement GFRP, composite reinforcement based on aramid fibers).
Currently, designers use reinforced steel, usually corrugated reinforcement, of such classes, which has a site of fluidity, to reinforce glued wood elements. Since the strength of reinforcement affects the load-bearing capacity of the reinforced element of wood, it is necessary to take it into account when designing such elements and calculate together. Therefore, it is rational to reinforce wooden elements and structures with the use of steels, the strength and elastic properties of which most fully correspond to the properties of wood.
There are four types of composite reinforcement: fiberglass reinforcement (with glass fibers); carbon fiber fittings (with carbon fibers); basaltoplastic (with basalt fibers); organoplastic (with artemis fibers); organoplastic (with natural fabrics). The most common of them in construction are carbon, basalt and fiberglass. The main advantages and disadvantages of such types of reinforcement are given. Composite has the following advantages over metal: resistant to temperature changes, increases the service life of the structure, is not exposed to aggressive environments, light weight, durable, non-toxic, can be made of any length.
In the future, there will be an attempt to use combined reinforcement to strengthen wooden elements and structures.
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Kang, Ji Woong, and Oh Heon Kwon. "Estimation of the Elastic-Plastic Fracture Behavior of Fiber Reinforced MMC According to the Change of Interfacial Characteristics." Key Engineering Materials 353-358 (September 2007): 1211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.353-358.1211.
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Fiber reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCs) are recently used in automobile, ship, aerospace and manufacturing industry because they have high stiffness and strength. The effective utilization of the strength and stiffness of the fiber reinforced MMCs depends on efficient load transfers from the matrix to fibers through the interfacial region. However, during the fabrication and afterward utilization of composites, so many numbers of micro crack may extend, especially at the interface, even before any load has been applied. Thus, in this study, the interfacial stress state and behavior of the interfacial perpendicular crack for transversely loaded unidirectional fiber reinforced MMCs investigated by using the elastic-plastic finite element analysis.
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Vilas Boas, Cristiane, Felipe Moreno, and Demetrio Jackson dos Santos. "Mechanical Analysis of Polybenzoxazine Matrix in Fiber Metal Laminates." Materials Science Forum 869 (August 2016): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.869.215.
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In this work we investigated the application of a novel high performance polymer, polybenzoxazine, as a polymeric matrix in Fiber Metal Laminates (FML). This polymer, when applied on the development of FMLs, generated higher mechanical properties in comparison to fiber metal laminates obtained with epoxy. To investigate the mechanical performance of the polybenzoxazine matrix in FMLs, a mechanical behavior comparison was carried out among epoxy matrix laminates - glass fiber reinforced aluminum laminate (GLARE) and carbon fiber reinforced aluminum laminate (CARALL) - and FML constructed with aluminum and carbon fiber reinforced polybenzoxazine. The mechanical properties were characterized by drop weight impact and flexural methods, and the polybenzoxazine curing behavior through differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Polybenzoxazine FML generated increasing of: 18% of maximum load, 11% of maximum elongation under flexure and 7.5% of impact energy absorption compared to other fiber metal laminates.
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Ko, YF, and JW Ju. "Effects of fiber cracking on elastoplastic-damage behavior of fiber-reinforced metal matrix composites." International Journal of Damage Mechanics 22, no. 1 (January 9, 2012): 48–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1056789511433340.
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A micromechanical multi-level elastoplastic evolutionary damage framework is proposed to predict the overall transverse mechanical behavior and damage evolutions of cylindrical fiber-reinforced ductile composites. Progressively cracked fibers are modeled using the double-inclusion theory. The effective elastic moduli of three-phase composites, consisting of a matrix, randomly located yet monotonically aligned cylindrical uncracked fibers and cracked fibers, are derived by using a micromechanical formulation. In order to characterize the homogenized elastoplastic behavior, a micromechanical effective yield criterion is derived based on the ensemble-area averaging process and the first-order effects of eigenstrains. The resulting effective yield criterion, together with the overall associative plastic flow rule and the hardening law, constitutes the analytical framework for the estimation of effective transverse elastoplastic-damage responses of ductile composites containing both uncracked and cracked fibers. An evolutionary fiber cracking process, governed by the internal stresses and the fracture strength of fibers, is incorporated into the proposed work. The Weibull’s probabilistic distribution is employed to describe the varying probability of fiber cracking. Further, systematic numerical simulations are presented to illustrate the potential of the proposed methodology.
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Krishnamurthy, S., T. E. Matikas, and P. Karpur. "Role of matrix microstructure in the ultrasonic characterization of fiber-reinforced metal matrix composites." Journal of Materials Research 12, no. 3 (March 1997): 754–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1997.0110.
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This work deals with the application of ultrasonic nondestructive evaluation for characterizing fiber-reinforced metal matrix composites. The method involved the use of a recently developed technique in which the fiber reinforcement acts as a reflector to incident ultrasonic shear waves. Single fiber and multifiber, single ply composites consisting of SiC fibers in several titanium alloy matrices were investigated. The ultrasonic images obtained were correlated with the results of metallographic characterization of the composites. The results showed that the ultrasonic response of the metal matrix composites is significantly influenced by the microstructure of the matrix through which the incident wave traverses. The general effects of matrix on ultrasonic wave propagation are reviewed, and the ultrasonic signals obtained from various SiC fiber-reinforced titanium alloy composites are discussed in terms of the scattering effects of matrix microstructure.
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Ali, Muayad Abdulhasan, and Abbas Ali Diwan. "Study the Mechanical Properties of Polyethylene Reinforced by Metal Woven Fibers." Kufa Journal of Engineering 4, no. 1 (January 30, 2014): 125–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/411249.
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Strength and Durability of fiber reinforced polymer composites (FRP) are controlled by the durability of their constituents: reinforcement fibers, resin matrices, and the status of interfaces. A great deal of research has been focused on the relationship of fibers with matrix, on the other hand, the diameter of the fiber and properties of fiber-matrix composites. The present investigation aims to study the effects of adding steel woven fibers to polymer (polyethylene) on some mechanical properties for resulting composite materials. This research tries to study the using of metal woven fibers as a reinforcement Material with Matrix from polyethylene grades (LDPE,LLDPE) as a composite material that was prepared using an injection molding process at 180- 200 Co and 60 rpm with different diameter (0.25- 1.0 mm).the results show that the tensile strength will slightly increase with percentage about (9%-18%) for the LLDPE and LDPE polymer composite respectively, and tensile modulus will significant increase about (80%- 190%) with woven metal fibers .The ductility is decrease with 68% for LDPE but it was 78% for LLDPE . The flexural strength will decrease with percentage about (36%-22%) for the LLDPE and LDPE polymer composite and impact strength with percentage about (78%-68%) and impact strength about (47%-40%) for the LLDPE and LDPE polymer composite respectively
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Dong, Zhiqiang, Gang Wu, Xiao-Ling Zhao, Hong Zhu, and Jin-Long Lian. "The durability of seawater sea-sand concrete beams reinforced with metal bars or non-metal bars in the ocean environment." Advances in Structural Engineering 23, no. 2 (August 24, 2019): 334–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1369433219870580.
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In this article, the flexural durability of three types of seawater sea-sand concrete beams that were fully reinforced with steel bars, 304 stainless steel bars, or fiber-reinforced polymer bars were comparatively tested. Beam specimens were conditioned in a 40°C seawater wet–dry cycling environment and a 50°C seawater immersion environment for up to 9 months with an interval of 3 months. The test results showed that in the absence of an additional current (even if the temperature is elevated), the flexural properties of the seawater sea-sand concrete beams reinforced with steel bars and stainless steel bars after 9 months of conditioning did not show any degradation trends. However, for the carbon fiber–reinforced polymer bar–reinforced beams (top bars and stirrups are both basalt fiber–reinforced polymer bars) conditioned in the high-temperature and high-humidity environment considered, the failure modes changed from concrete crushing in the pure bending section to concrete crushing at loading points in the shear span with a maximum reduction of 30% in the ultimate load-carrying capacity. In addition, the crack distribution of conditioned carbon fiber–reinforced polymer bar–reinforced beams became sparse, and the crack width increased significantly, with a maximum of 2.2 times. In addition, obvious sudden load drops were observed in the tested load–displacement curves.
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Yadav, Deepshikha, G. P. Singh, Suman Nehra, Manoj S. Shekhawat, and Akshay Joshi. "Thermo-Physical Analysis of natural fiber reinforced phenol formaldehyde biodegradable composites." Journal of Condensed Matter 1, no. 02 (December 1, 2023): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.61343/jcm.v1i02.12.
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Natural fiber reinforced composites are composite materials which contain reinforced fibers from natural sources. Natural fiber composites can provide an effective and renewable solution for environment-friendly construction materials. For example, building insulation materials which are made of natural fibers can improve energy efficiency and reduce material waste generation. The fibers used in these composites are extracted mainly from plant sources such as bamboo, jute, sisal, and flax. Natural fibers have excellent mechanical and energy-dampening properties, making them ideal for manufacturers looking to replace traditional synthetic fiber reinforcements. They are also gaining popularity as replacements for plastic and metal components in many consumer goods. In this paper desert plant prosopis juliflora fibers were used as reinforcement in phenol formaldehyde resin to make composites. TGA, DSC and DMA were performed to analyze the change in thermal stability and mechanical properties of the prosopis juliflora fiber reinforced phenol formaldehyde composites. The alkali-treated fibers were prepared by immersing the PJ fibers in a 1% sodium hydroxide solution for 24 hours. The fibers were washed and dried before being mixed with the phenol formaldehyde resin. The composites were prepared with untreated and alkali-treated reinforced fibers. All specimens were left to cure at room temperature over night.
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Theeyab Faris, Saad, Ali Adwan Al-katawy, and Ahmed Mohammad Kadhum. "Improvement of the Mechanical Characteristics of Fiber Metal Laminate (FMLs) Used for Aircraft Wing Using Epoxy-Resole." Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences 14, no. 4 (December 6, 2021): 79–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.24237/djes.2021.14407.
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The Fiber Metal Laminates (FMLs) was studied and improved the mechanical properties were used for aircraft wing. The FMLs are consisting of metal sheets reinforced with fiber bonded by matrix phase. The FMLs consist of seven layers to produce the Hybrid composite materials that made from 2024-T3 Aluminuim sheets with carbon and glass fibers as reinforcement and bonded using adhesion materials that are locally manufactured from resole resin with adding using epoxy resin. By using the FMLs, the mechanical characteristics have been improved and the weight of the aircraft wing has been reduced. The mechanical characteristics have been improved comparing to other FMLs using commercial epoxy. The FMLs with carbon and glass fibers have high tensile strength and elastic modulus but low yield and elongation comparing with the FMLs of carbon fibers as a reinforcement. The flexural modulus and impact toughness is high for the FMLs with glass fiber comparing with jute fibers with adding using carbon fiber as areinforcement.The Aramid Reinforced Aluminum Laminates (ARALLs) have low fatigue strength than FMLs using carbon fiber as reinforcement. The FMLs are lower ratio of ultimate to yield strength and density than 2024-T3 Aluminum alloy that commonly used in aircraft wing.
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Zhang, M., W. L. Zhang, and M. Y. Gu. "Finite Element Analysis for the Transverse Mechanical Behavior of Fiber-Reinforced Three-Phase Metal-Matrix Composites." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 3299–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.3299.
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To improve the transverse properties of fiber-reinforced metal matrix composites, a three-phase material model was proposed. In the model the reinforcing fibers are surrounded by a weak metal matrix, which in turn is encircled by another strong metal matrix. The weak matrix acts as a role to protect the fibers from damage and the strong matrix acts as a role to improve the transverse properties of the composite. Based on the material model, FEM model was established and parameter analysis was carried out to determine the influence of matrix strengths and fibers spatial distribution on the transverse mechanical behavior of the three-phase composite. It was found that the yield strength of the three-phase composite was mainly dictated by the matrix directly surrounding fibers and the effect from another matrix on the yield strength can be neglected. The three-phase composite has a higher transverse strength with hexagonal fiber arrangement than with regular square fiber arrangement.
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Liang, Sihan, Yingying Wang, Bernard Normand, Yingchun Xie, Junlei Tang, Hailong Zhang, Bing Lin, and Hongpeng Zheng. "Numerical and Experimental Investigations of Cold-Sprayed Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Metal Matrix Composite Coating." Materials 16, no. 5 (February 24, 2023): 1862. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16051862.
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The aluminum-basalt fiber composite coating was prepared for the first time with basalt fiber as the spraying material by cold-spraying technology. Hybrid deposition behavior was studied by numerical simulation based on Fluent and ABAQUS. The microstructure of the composite coating was observed on the as-sprayed, cross-sectional, and fracture surfaces by SEM, focusing on the deposited morphology of the reinforcing phase basalt fibers in the coating, the distribution of basalt fibers, and the interaction between basalt fibers and metallic aluminum. The results show that there are four main morphologies of the basalt fiber-reinforced phase, i.e., transverse cracking, brittle fracture, deformation, and bending in the coating. At the same time, there are two modes of contact between aluminum and basalt fibers. Firstly, the thermally softened aluminum envelops the basalt fibers, forming a seamless connection. Secondly, the aluminum that has not undergone the softening effect creates a closed space, with the basalt fibers securely trapped within it. Moreover, the Rockwell hardness test and the friction-wear test were conducted on Al–basalt fiber composite coating, and the results showed that the composite coating has high wear resistance and high hardness.
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NISHIMURA, Hisashi, Tatsuya ITOH, Hirokuni YAMAMOTO, and Shuichi WAKAYAMA. "Bending of multiple layers Fiber Reinforced Metal." Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals 39, no. 11 (1989): 843–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2464/jilm.39.843.
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Everett, RichardK, and WilliamF Henshaw. "4853294 Carbon fiber reinforced metal matrix composites." Carbon 28, no. 1 (1990): I. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0008-6223(90)90136-m.
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Wang, Xi, Linwei Ying, Yude Li, and Jubing Chen. "Influences of foam filler on axially crushing characteristics of fiber-reinforced tapered structures." Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design 55, no. 3-4 (December 23, 2019): 118–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309324719890874.
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An effective solving method is presented to study influences of foam filler on axially crushing characteristics of fiber-reinforced tapered square metal tubes based on axial collapse models of foam-filled metal square tubes and finite element calculation of foam-filled tapered composite square tubes. By means of finite element calculation, an influenced factor [Formula: see text] is introduced in the solving process. Comparing results from experiment and finite element calculation, the feasibility of the present analytical method is validated. The effects of basic angle of composite tapered square tube, foam filler, fiber-reinforced orientation, thickness ratio between metal wall and fiber layer and loading speed on axially crushing characteristics of foam-filled fiber-reinforced composite tapered square tubes are studied.
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Sapiai, Napisah, Aidah Jumahat, Mohammad Jawaid, Mohamad Midani, and Anish Khan. "Tensile and Flexural Properties of Silica Nanoparticles Modified Unidirectional Kenaf and Hybrid Glass/Kenaf Epoxy Composites." Polymers 12, no. 11 (November 18, 2020): 2733. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112733.
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This paper investigates the influence of silica nanoparticles on the mechanical properties of a unidirectional (UD) kenaf fiber reinforced polymer (KFRP) and hybrid woven glass/UD kenaf fiber reinforced polymer (GKFRP) composites. In this study, three different nanosilica loadings, i.e., 5, 13 and 25 wt %, and untreated kenaf fiber yarns were used. The untreated long kenaf fiber yarn was wound onto metal frames to produce UD kenaf dry mat layers. The silane-surface-treated nanosilica was initially dispersed into epoxy resin using a high-vacuum mechanical stirrer before being incorporated into the UD untreated kenaf and hybrid woven glass/UD kenaf fiber layers. Eight different composite systems were made, namely KFRP, 5 wt % nanosilica in UD kenaf fiber reinforced polymer composites (5NS-KFRP), 13% nanosilica in UD kenaf fiber reinforced polymer composites (13NS-KFRP), 25 wt % nanosilica in UD kenaf fiber reinforced polymer composites (25NS-KFRP), GKFRP, 5 wt % nanosilica in hybrid woven glass/UD kenaf fiber reinforced polymer composites (5NS-GKFRP), 13 wt % nanosilica in hybrid woven glass/UD kenaf fiber reinforced polymer composites (13NS-GKFRP) and 25 wt % nanosilica in hybrid woven glass/UD kenaf fiber reinforced polymer composites (25NS-GKFRP). All composite systems were tested in tension and bending in accordance with ASTM standards D3039 and D7264, respectively. Based on the results, it was found that the incorporation of homogeneously dispersed nanosilica significantly improved the tensile and flexural properties of KFRP and hybrid GKFRP composites even at the highest loading of 25 wt % nanosilica. Based on the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examination of the fractured surfaces, it is suggested that the silane-treated nanosilica exhibits good interactions with epoxy and the kenaf and glass fibers. Therefore, the presence of nanosilica in an epoxy polymer contributes to a stiffer matrix that, effectively, enhances the capability of transferring a load to the fibers. Thus, this supports greater loads and improves the mechanical properties of the kenaf and hybrid composites.
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Tolmachov, S., O. Belichenko, M. Doroschenko, and Yu Pokusa. "COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE APPLICATION OF POLYPROPYLENE AND BASALT FIBER IN ROAD CONCRETE." Mechanics And Mathematical Methods 4, no. 2 (December 31, 2022): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2618-0650-2022-4-2-65-74.
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The widespread use of fiber-reinforced concrete in construction is due to a number of their advantages. However, despite many years of research in this direction, scientists from different countries describe data obtained experimentally, the results of which differ. In some cases, the results obtained differ not only numerically, but also fundamentally. Basically, these are fibers of artificial origin, which are used for the manufacture of fiber-reinforced concrete. The most commonly used metal, polymer, basalt, glass fibers. To a lesser extent, carbon and polyamide fibers are used. It should be noted that the effectiveness of polyamide fiber is very doubtful, primarily because of the tendency of this type of fiber to swell. At present, the cost of carbon fiber is quite high, which is the main obstacle to its widespread use in concrete. Metal and glass fibers are subject to corrosion, and this adversely affects the properties of concrete. Since road and airfield concretes are used in aggressive conditions, these shortcomings do not allow the use of metal, glass, carbon and polyamide fibers in them. However, it follows from the analysis of the literature that the greatest controversy concerns the use of basalt and polypropylene fibers. The greatest controversy concerns the use of basalt and polypropylene fibers. There is no consensus which of these types of fiber is more effective for use in concrete. What amount of fiber should be introduced into the concrete mixture to achieve the maximum result is also unknown. This has led to the fact that basalt and polypropylene fibers are used very rarely in road and airfield concrete. The article presents an analysis of the results of the use of polypropylene and basalt fibers in concrete, obtained by researchers in different countries. The experimental data obtained by the authors are shown. The main attention is paid to the comparative efficiency of the use of these types of fibers. Strength, frost resistance and abrasion of road concrete are taken as criteria for evaluating the effectiveness. Quantitative intervals for the use of each type of fiber are established.
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Guo, Jian. "Structural Stiffness and Mechanical Analysis of Fiber Wound Composite Sports Equipment Reinforced with Carbon Fiber Materials." Science of Advanced Materials 15, no. 5 (May 1, 2023): 695–702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2023.4469.
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Continuous improvements in sports equipment are crucial for enhancing performance and ensuring safety. Carbon fiber composites, comprising carbon fibers and a matrix such as resin, metal, or ceramics, have exceptional strength and stiffness properties. This study focused on the application of carbon fiber reinforced composites in sports equipment, with an emphasis on optimizing the stiffness of lightweight equipment. The research revealed that fiber-wound composites exhibit nonlinear behavior, and the overlapping fiber structure can impede damage propagation, leading to greater in-plane shear failure strain compared to composite laminates. The study aimed to predict the mechanical behavior and structural stiffness of fiber-wound composite sports equipment reinforced with carbon fibers. The findings can be used to improve the design and manufacturing process of sports equipment, leading to better performance and durability. The utilization of these materials in sports equipment may also contribute to reducing the weight of the equipment, thereby enhancing athlete’s performance and reducing the risk of injury.
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Chadli, Mounira, Mellas Mekki, and Bouzidi Mezghiche. "Formulation and study of metal fiber-reinforced reactive powder concrete." World Journal of Engineering 15, no. 4 (August 6, 2018): 531–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wje-04-2017-0094.
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PurposeReactive powder concretes (RPCs) are new concretes characterized by a particle diameter not exceeding 600 µm and very high compressive and tensile strengths. This paper aims to the development and study of the physico-mechanical, elastic properties and durability of an ultra-high performance concrete from materials existing on the Algerian market.Design/methodology/approachThree mineral additions such as granulated slag, quartz powder and silica fume are incorporated into the cement with 15, 23 and 25 per cent, respectively, in addition to use two different values of steel fiber volume fraction (2 and 2.5 per cent). The results show that the incorporation of 2.5 per cent metal fibers in the formulation of the RPC gives a high compressive strengths of 143.5 MPa at 60 days. The relationship between the relative value and the longitudinal elasto-instantaneous deformations of the RPC to a linear characteristic throughout the relative stress ranges. Also, the modulus of elasticity developed for a fiber-reinforced reactive concrete is greater than that of the unbound fiber.FindingsResults from the current study concluded that the presence of the mineral additions improves the durability of the concretes compared with that not adjuvanted by mineral additions.Originality/valueIt can be possible to manufacture fiber-reinforced reactive powder concretes (RPCFs) with compressive strength exceeding 140 MPa, with an adequate plasticity, despite the simplicity of means and materials and the incorporation of different percentage of metal fiber on the mechanical strength of concretes and its influence on behavior with respect to aggressive environment were achieved.
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M. Kadhum, Ahmed, Saad T. Faris, and Ali A. Al-katawy. "Improvement and Properties of Fiber Metal Laminates Used in Aircraft Wing by Using Graphite-Polyester." Diyala Journal of Engineering Sciences 12, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 92–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.24237/djes.2019.124010.
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The main objective of this study is to reduce weight and to improve the mechanical properties of aircraft wing by using Hybrid materials known as fiber metal laminates (FMLs). They are new age of engineering materials, which consist of metal layers reinforced with fibers emerged by matrix phase. In this study, seven layers were used to produce the FMLs, which are consist of aluminum alloy2024-T3 reinforced by carbon and glass fibers bonded with using blend of graphite-polyester as adhesion. The Carbon Glass Reinforced Aluminum Laminates (CAGRALLs) is used as FMLs. The results show that the CAGRALLs give better in mechanical properties because of increasing in tensile strength, yield strength, , elastic modulus, elongation at fracture, flexural modulus and impact toughness except flexural strength by comparing with FMLs by using commercial epoxy as adhesion for other researchers. The increasing in layers is led to weaken adhesion force between layers of FMLs that led to decrease almost mechanical properties. The FMLs has good mechanial properties by using carbon and glass fiber by comparing with carbon and jute fibers. The CAGRALLs have the higher numbers of cycles at failure under cyclic loadings than Aramid Reinforced Aluminum Laminates (ARALLs). The CAGRALLs have the lower density by comparing with aluminum alloy 2024-T3 and steel that used in manufacturing of aircraft wing.
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Milligan, K. B., and V. K. Kinra. "Elastothermodynamic Damping of Fiber-Reinforced Metal-Matrix Composites." Journal of Applied Mechanics 62, no. 2 (June 1, 1995): 441–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2895950.
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Recently, taking the second law of thermodynamics as a starting point, a theoretical framework for an exact calculation of the elastothermodynamic damping in metal-matrix composites has been presented by the authors (Kinra and Milligan, 1994; Milligan and Kinra, 1993). Using this work as a foundation, we solve two canonical boundary value problems concerning elastothermodynamic damping in continuous-fiber-reinforced metal-matrix composites: (1) a fiber in an infinite matrix, and (2) using the general methodology given by Bishop and Kinra (1993), a fiber in a finite matrix. In both cases the solutions were obtained for the following loading conditions: (1) uniform radial stress and (2) uniform axial strain.
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He, Lun X., David K. Hsu, and John P. Basart. "Extraction of void fraction in metal matrix composite using morphological image processing." Advanced Composites Letters 3, no. 2 (March 1994): 096369359400300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096369359400300202.
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In continuous fiber reinforced metal matrix composites, the volume fraction of voids in the matrix material is an important parameter for material property characterization. In analyzing a cross-sectional micrograph of such a composite, the presence of fiber images and voids occurring on the perimeter of fibers complicates the determination of void content. This paper describes image processing steps using mathematical morphology for the extraction of void fraction in a composite.
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Caliman, R. "Analysis of Carbon Fibers Treatment Technology to Obtain Composites Materials with Metal and Non-Metal Matrix." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1182, no. 1 (October 1, 2021): 012010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1182/1/012010.
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Abstract When designing any composite material, the compatibility between the component elements must be considered, a compatibility that can be seen from a physical and chemical point of view. Chemical compatibility refers to the existence or development to a small extent of reactions between components. Thus, at high temperatures, the diffusion processes intensify, and fragile compounds can form, which cancel the direct connection between the components, resulting in a significant decrease in the mechanical strength of the composite material. A successful process of manufacturing carbon fiber-reinforced composites requires that the fiber to be protected, usually with a coating, during their manufacture and use. The paper aims to analyze the process of Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) which is a successful process of manufacturing carbon fiber reinforced composites. They require that the fiber be protected with a coating during their manufacture and use.
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Al Isra, Muhammad Firman, Widya Puspita Sari, and Darmawangsa Darmawangsa. "Pengaruh posisi e-glass fiber non dental terhadap kekerasan glass fiber reinforced composite pada gigi tiruan cekat: studi eksperimental." Padjadjaran Journal of Dental Researchers and Students 7, no. 3 (November 2, 2023): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/pjdrs.v7i3.49730.
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ABSTRAKPendahuluan Gigi tiruan menjadi solusi yang tepat untuk menggantikan gigi yang hilang. Gigi tiruan jembatan dengan bahan porcelain fused to metal paling sering digunakan dalam praktik klinis, namun memiliki kekurangan seperti efek alergenik dan efek toksisitas yang dapat disebabkan oleh bahan logam, rentan pecah, memerlukan beberapa kali kunjungan, dan membutuhkan preparasi gigi abutment yang cukup luas. Alternatif bahan yang dapat digunakan untuk gigi tiruan cekat adalah Fiber reinforced composite dengan E-glass fiber dental yang memiliki kelebihan seperti biokompatibilitas baik, memiliki kekuatan kompresi dan estetika yang baik. Ketersediaan E-glass fiber dental di Indonesia masih terbatas dengan harga yang cukup mahal. E-glass fiber non dental secara umum telah digunakan di bidang teknik. E-glass fiber non dental memiliki komposisi yang sedikit berbeda dengan E-glass fiber dental. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh posisi E-glass fiber non dental terhadap kekerasan Fiber reinforced composite. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental dengan Fiber reinforced composite dengan E-glass fiber non dental dengan 3 kelompok sampel yang teridiri dari kelompok posisi tension side, kelompok compression side, dan kelompok neutral axis yang masing masing terdiri dari 6 sampel. Sampel diuji dengan vickers hardness tester dengan beban 100gf selama 15detik, jejak indentasi dihitung untuk mendapatkan vickers hardness number (VHN). Hasil: Hasil uji pada Fiber reinforced composite dengan fiber pada posisi tension side memiliki kekerasan tertinggi dengan nilai 45,77 VHN. Fiber reinforced composite dengan fiber pada neutral axis 43,35 VHN. Fiber reinforced composite dengan fiber pada compression side memiliki nilai terendah 39,60 VHN. Simpulan: Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini bahwa terdapat pengaruh posisi E-Glass fiber non dental terhadap kekerasan Fiber reinforced composite.KATA KUNCI: E-glass fiber, Fiber reinforced composite, posisi fiber, kekerasanThe Effect of Non-dental E-glass Fiber Position on the Hardness of Glass Fiber Reinforced Composite in Fixed DenturesABSTRACT Introduction: Dentures are the right solution to replace missing teeth. Denture bridges made from porcelain fused to metal are the most frequently used in clinical practice, but they have disadvantages such as allergenic and toxicity effects that can be caused by metal materials, are prone to breaking, require several visits, and require extensive preparation of the abutment teeth. Alternative materials that can be used for fixed dentures are fiber-reinforced composites with E-glass dental fiber, which have advantages such as good biocompatibility, compression strength, and aesthetics. The availability of E-glass fiber dental in Indonesia is still limited, with prices being quite expensive. Non-dental E-glass fiber has generally been used in the engineering field. Non-dental E-glass fiber has a slightly different composition from dental E-glass fiber. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of the position of non-dental E-glass fiber on the hardness of fiber-reinforced composites. Method: Experimental research with fiber-reinforced composite with non-dental E-glass fiber with 3 sample groups consisting of the tension side position group, compression side group, and neutral axis group, each consisting of 6 samples. The sample was tested with a Vickers hardness tester with a load of 100 gf for 15 seconds, and the indentation trace was calculated to obtain the Vickers hardness number (VHN). Results: The test results on fiber-reinforced composites with fiber in the tension-side position had the highest hardness with a value of 45.77 VHN. Fiber composite reinforced with fiber on the neutral axis is 43.35 VHN. Fiber-reinforced composites with fiber on the compression side have the lowest value of 39.60 VHN. Conclusion: The conclusion from this research is that there is an influence of the position of non-dental E-Glass fiber on the hardness of fiber-reinforced composites.KEY WORDS: E-glass fiber, Fiber reinforced composite, fiber position, hardness
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ITAGAKI, Takehiko, and Takashi ARAI. "High melting point metal fibers used for fiber reinforced superalloys (FRS)." Journal of the Japan Society for Composite Materials 13, no. 3 (1987): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.6089/jscm.13.99.
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Gonov, M. E. "MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FIBER CONCRETE UNDER DYNAMIC COMPRESSION." Problems of Strength and Plasticity 84, no. 1 (2022): 130–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32326/1814-9146-2022-84-1-130-148.
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The article discusses the results of an experimental study of high-speed deformation and destruction of four types of concrete under dynamic uniaxial compression. The introduction presents an overview of experimental studies of domestic and foreign authors of the dynamic properties of fiber-reinforced concrete. World practice confirms the expediency of introducing metal fibers into concrete in order to increase its strength dynamic properties. However, the combination of steel and polymer fibers has not been fully studied and is of current interest. Fine-grained concrete, steel fiber-reinforced concrete, polyfiber-reinforced concrete and combined fiber-reinforced concrete were tested at high-speed deformation. According to the results of the study, static and dynamic tests were carried out. Dynamic compression tests were carried out using the Kolsky method at strain rates from 102 to 103 s–1. Static tests were carried out on a hydraulically driven unit. To visualize the process of dynamic deformation and fracture, a high-speed FASTCAM Mini UX100 camera was used. The paper presents the compositions of the studied materials, test parameters, as well as a comparative analysis of the data obtained. The introduction of a reinforcing fiber into the original fine-grained concrete increased the dynamic strength of the material. In static tests, concrete with steel fibers and concrete with a combination of polymer and steel fibers showed close values for maximum strength. The highest strength under dynamic uniaxial compression was shown by fiber-reinforced concrete with steel fiber. The dependences obtained demonstrate that the maximum fracture stresses achieved in the experiments increase linearly with the growth of the strain rate and the corresponding limiting strains, while the time before the onset of fracture decreases according to a power law.
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Saadatfard, Alireza, Mahdi Gerdooei, and Abdolhossein Jalali Aghchai. "Drawing potential of fiber metal laminates in hydromechanical forming: A numerical and experimental study." Journal of Sandwich Structures & Materials 22, no. 5 (June 27, 2018): 1386–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099636218785208.
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It is known that fiber metal laminates as one of hybrid materials with thin metal sheets and fiber/resin layers have limited formability in conventional forming methods. This paper presents an experimental and numerical study for drawability of glass fiber-reinforced aluminum laminates under hydromechanical drawing technique. Fiber metal laminates comprised of a layer of woven glass fiber-reinforced prepreg, sandwiched between two layers of aluminum alloy. In order to produce fiber metal laminates, the laminates were subjected to a sufficient squeezing pressure under a controlled heating time and temperature by using a hydraulic hot press. A hydromechanical tooling equipped with blank-holder force and fluid pressure control system was used to form the initial circular fiber metal laminate blank. Finally, the effect of parameters such as pre-bulging pressure, final chamber pressure, and drawing ratio on process variables was evaluated. Also, the characteristic curve of hydromechanical drawing of fiber metal laminate i.e. chamber pressure in terms of drawing ratio was achieved by means of experimental tests and numerical simulations. The results showed that the maximum drawing ratio of defect-free fiber metal laminates, namely without any tearing, wrinkling, and delamination was obtained at pre-bulging and chamber pressure of 35 and 80 bar, respectively.
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Tszeng, T. C., E. K. Ohriner, and V. K. Sikka. "Models for Inelastic Deformation of Particles Associated With Hot Pressing of Metal Matrix Composites." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 114, no. 4 (October 1, 1992): 422–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2904195.
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During fabrication of fiber reinforced metal-matrix composites by hot pressing, fiber breakage due to particles impingement during consolidation of fiber/particle system is very common. In studying the fiber breakage, one of the main issues is the interactions between fibers and particles during consolidation. In this study, we proposed to investigate the problem of fiber/particle interactions by examining a unit problem consisting of a deformable particle and a cylinder. A rather engineering model for axisymmetric deformation of a particle induced by a rigid sphere was developed first and then extended to the interactions between a deformable particle and a rigid cylinder. The calculations were compared with experiments on lead balls, good agreement was observed. The model was then applied to determining the maximum bending stress in fibers using the simple beam theory. A safe criterion for preventing fibers from breaking was found.
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Kadum, Ahmed Mohammad, Ali A. Al-katawy, Saad T. Faris, and Ehklas E. Kader. "Improving the Mechanical Properties of Fiber Metal Laminate Composite Used in Aircraft Wing." Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences 22, no. 1 (March 24, 2019): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.29194/njes.22010009.
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The purpose of this study is to reduce weight and improve the mechanical properties of aircraft wing using Hybrid materials known as fiber metal laminates (FMLs). In this study, seven layers were used to produce the FMLs that consist of aluminum alloy2024-T3 reinforced by carbon and glass fibers bonded with blend of epoxy-resole. The Carbon Glass Reinforced Aluminum Laminates (CAGRALLs) was used as FMLs. The results showed that The CAGRALLs gave good mechanical properties because of increasing in tensile strength, elongation at fracture and impact toughness except flexural strength by comparing with other FMLs using commercial epoxy. The increasing in layers led to weaken adhesion force between layers of FMLs caused decreasing almost mechanical properties. The FMLs has good mechanical properties by using carbon and glass fibers by comparing with carbon and jute fibers. The CAGRALLs have higher numbers of cycles at failure under cyclic loadings than Aramid Reinforced Aluminum Laminates (ARALLs). The CAGRALLs have lower density by comparing with aluminum alloy 2024-T3 that used in manufacturing of aircraft wing.
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Lang, Zijian, Meng Zhang, Xiaoxing Li, and Xing Huang. "Innovative Manufacturing and Application of Fiber Metal Laminate Pipe." MATEC Web of Conferences 319 (2020): 04004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202031904004.
Full textAbstract:
Fiber-reinforced metal laminate tube (FMLT) is a multi-layered ultra-hybrid material that cures at fixed pressure and temperature after alternating metal laminates and fiber composites. As with the production process similar to the second-generation GLARE fiber-reinforced metal layer, the management layer of the formed composite layer should have good impact resistance characteristics, and can also be used in the impact-resistant structure of the aircraft, the landing cushion structure of the aircraft, and the body collision Device to protect aviation materials.The composite pipe fittings are made by hydraulic forming technology, which lays a good foundation for the small-scale fine processing of the pipe. In addition, use speckle models and other virtual software simulation models (such as various related software and related formulas) to monitor data before and after hydroforming of fiber-reinforced metal layer tubes, it lays a good data foundation for the hydroforming of pipes and subsequent experiments.The development and performance testing of GLARE composite tube hydraulic forming technology is of great significance to the development of lightweight and safety in the aviation industry and the automobile industry.
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Dziuba, S. V., O. M. Korshak, and O. O. Mikhailov. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF ELEMENTS OF METAL CYLINDRICAL STRUCTURES STRENGTHENED BY EXTERNAL TRANSVERSAL CFRP REINFORCEMENT." Modern structures of metal and wood, no. 26 (July 2022): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2707-3068-2022-26-33-43.
Full textAbstract:
One of the modern ways to increase the bearing capacity of the walls of metal cylindrical structures that perceive the action of internal pressure is the external transversely directed reinforcement by fiber reinforced plastics (FRP), the most effective type of which is made from carbon fibers (CFRP).