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Journal articles on the topic 'Fiber optical'

To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Fiber optical.

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Mishra, Bajarang Prasad. "Dispersion Compensation in Optical Fiber using Fiber Grating." Journal of Advanced Research in Embedded System 07, no. 01 (March 26, 2020): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2395.3802.202004.

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Optical Fiber Communication System is highly in demand because of several advantages namely Extremely High Bandwidth, Longer Distance, Low security Risk, Small Size etc. This system basically consists of Optical Transmitter, appropriate channel and Optical Receiver. Optical Fiber is generally used for the propagation of optical signals and in this fiber, Dispersion arises which acts as the main hindrance in Optical Fiber Communication. Dispersion is nothing but the time broadening of pulses because of the inherit property of the Silica Fiber that refractive index of the material depends upon the wavelength used. In this paper, Compensation of Dispersion is done using the FBG(Fiber Bragg Grating. FBG is a type of filter which passes few wavelengths and reflects rest of them. Stimulation is done on software named OPTISYSTEM 15. Simulation results are analyzed through Eye Diagram which gave us the values of MIN.BER and Q-Factor.

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2

Romaniuk, Ryszard S., and Waldemar Wójcik. "Optical Fiber Technology 2012." International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications 59, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 131–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eletel-2013-0016.

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Abstract The Conference on Optical Fibers and Their Applications, Nałȩczów 2012, in its 14th edition, which has been organized since more than 35 years, has summarized the achievements of the local optical fiber technology community, for the last year and a half. The conference specializes in developments of optical fiber technology, glass and polymer, classical and microstructured, passive and active. The event gathered around 100 participants. There were shown 60 presentations of 20 research and application groups active in fiber photonics, originating from academia and industry. Topical tracks of the Conference were: photonic materials, planar waveguides, passive and active optical fibers, propagation theory in nonstandard optical fibers, and new constructions of optical fibers. A panel discussion concerned teaching in fiber photonics. The conference was accompanied by a school on Optical Fiber Technology. The paper summarizes the chosen main topical tracks of the conference on Optical Fibers and Their Applications, Nałȩczów 2012. The papers from the conference presentations will be published in Proc. SPIE, including a conference version of this paper. The next conference of this series is scheduled for January 2014 in Białowie˙za.

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3

Dorosz, J. "Novel constructions of optical fibers doped with rare – earth ions." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 62, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 619–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bpasts-2014-0067.

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Abstract. In the paper the research on rare-earth doped and co-doped optical fibre conducted in the Laboratory of Optical Fiber Technology at the Bialystok University of Technology is presented. Novel active fibre constructions like multicore, helical-core and side detecting ribbon/core optical fibers were developed with a targeted focus into application. First construction i.e. multicore RE doped optical fibers enable supermode generation due to phase - locking of laser radiation achieved in a consequence of exchanging radiation between the cores during the laser action. In the paper a far - field pattern of 19 - core optical fiber-doped with Yb3+ ions, registered in the MOFPA system, showed centrally located peak of relatively high radiation intensity together with smaller side-lobes. Another new construction presented here is helical-core optical fibers with the helix pitch from several mm and the off-set ranging from 10 μm to 200 μm. The properties of helical-core optical fiber co-doped with Nd3+/Yb3+ were also discussed. In the field of sensor applications novel construction of a sidedetecting luminescent optical fiber for an UV sensor application has been presented. The developed optical fiber with an active core/ribbon, made of phosphate glass doped with 0.5 mol% Tb3+ ions, was used as a UV sensing element.

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4

Takahara, H., F. Togashi, and T. Aragaki. "Ultrasonic sensor using polarization-maintaining optical fiber." Canadian Journal of Physics 66, no. 10 (October 1, 1988): 844–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p88-138.

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The interaction between an ultrasonic wave and the laser beam transmitted through a polarization-maintaining optical fiber is analyzed both theoretically and experimentally. An ultrasonic sensor using a polarization-maintaining optical fiber is optically simple; it is easily matched to the source and detection optics; and it has better stability than an optical configuration using two optical fibers.

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5

Fernando, G. F., D. J. Webb, and Pierre Ferdinand. "Optical-Fiber Sensors." MRS Bulletin 27, no. 5 (May 2002): 359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2002.120.

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AbstractThe primary aim of this issue of MRS Bulletin is to present an overview of the deployment of optical-fiber sensors in a selected range of applications. The topics covered include a general introduction to optical fibers; a review of the sensing mechanisms that are available to monitor strain, temperature, pressure, chemical species, damage, and acoustic emission; and the use of optical-fiber sensors in medical applications. This introductory article presents a brief discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of optical-fiber sensors.

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6

Kuroda, Atsushi, Kozo Ogawa, Mitsunori Matsunaga, and Koichi Ikeda. "HOLOGRAPHIC DEMULTIPLEXER FOR OPTICAL FIBER." JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF JAPAN 78, Appendix (1994): 397–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2150/jieij1980.78.appendix_397.

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7

Petrík, S. "Proposal of optimal optical-fiber coating for interferometric optical-fiber magnetometers." Sensors and Actuators A: Physical 36, no. 2 (March 1993): 133–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0924-4247(93)85007-3.

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8

Martincek, Ivan, and Dusan Pudis. "Optically controllable variable fiber optical attenuator integrated in conventional optical fiber." Optik 125, no. 23 (December 2014): 7085–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijleo.2014.08.097.

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9

Baumbick, R. J. "Fiber Optics for Propulsion Control Systems." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 107, no. 4 (October 1, 1985): 851–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3239822.

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The term “fiber optics” means the use of dielectric waveguides to transfer information. In aircraft systems with digital controls, fiber optics has advantages over wire systems because of its inherent immunity to electromagnetic noise (EMI) and electromagnetic pulses (EMP). It also offers a weight benefit when metallic conductors are replaced by optical fibers. To take full advantage of the benefits of optical waveguides, passive optical sensors are also being developed to eliminate the need for electrical power to the sensor. Fiber optics may also be used for controlling actuators on engine and airframe. In this application, the optical fibers, connectors, etc., will be subjected to high temperatures and vibrations. This paper discusses the use of fiber optics in aircraft propulsion systems, together with the optical sensors and optically controlled actuators being developed to take full advantage of the benefits which fiber optics offers. The requirements for sensors and actuators in advanced propulsion systems are identified. The benefits of using fiber optics in place of conventional wire systems are discussed as well as the environmental conditions under which the optical components must operate. Work being done under contract to NASA Lewis on optical and optically activated actuators sensors for propulsion control systems is presented.

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10

Rochette, Martin. "Chalcogenide Optical Fiber Components -INVITED." EPJ Web of Conferences 238 (2020): 08001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202023808001.

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This talk features recent achievements of the Nonlinear Photonics Group at McGill University towards the fabrication of chalcogenide-based optical fiber components such as nonlinear gain fibers, optical fiber couplers, filters, and saturable absorbers.

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11

Tandon, Pushkar, Ming-Jun Li, Dana C. Bookbinder, Stephan L. Logunov, and Edward J. Fewkes. "Nano-engineered optical fibers and applications." Nanophotonics 2, no. 5-6 (December 16, 2013): 383–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2013-0032.

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AbstractThe paper reviews optical fibers with nano-engineered features and methods to fabricate them. These optical fibers have nano-engineered regions comprising of randomly distributed voids which provide unique properties for designing next generation of fibers. Discussion of impact of void morphology on fiber optical properties is presented, along with the methods to control the void characteristics. Use of nano-engineered fibers for different applications (ultra-low bend loss single mode fiber, quasi-single mode bend loss fiber, endless single-mode fiber, light diffusing fibers) is discussed and the unique optical attributes of the fibers in these applications is highlighted.

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12

Ogawa, Kozo, Atsushi Kuroda, Mitsunori Matsunaga, and Koichi Ikeda. "CHARACTERISTICS OF DEMULTIPLEXER FOR OPTICAL FIBER." JOURNAL OF THE ILLUMINATING ENGINEERING INSTITUTE OF JAPAN 78, Appendix (1994): 395–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2150/jieij1980.78.appendix_395.

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13

Yuancheng, Zhang, and Song Qian. "Nonlinear optical fiber resonator: Optical fiber bistability." Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 1, no. 2 (June 1996): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02901225.

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14

Kasik, I., O. Podrazky, J. Mrazek, J. Cajzl, J. Aubrecht, J. Probostova, P. Peterka, P. Honzatko, and A. Dhar. "Erbium and Al2O3 nanocrystals-doped silica optical fibers." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 62, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 641–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bpasts-2014-0070.

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Abstract. Fibre lasers and inherently rare-earth-doped optical fibers nowadays pass through a new period of their progress aiming at high efficiency of systems and their high power. In this paper, we deal with the preparation of silica fibers doped with erbium and Al2O3 nanocrystals and the characterization of their optical properties. The fibers were prepared by the extended Modified Chemical Vapor Deposition (MCVD) method from starting chlorides or oxide nanopowders. Conventional as well as modified approaches led to a nanocrystalline mullite phase formation in the fiber cores in which erbium is dissolved. The proposed modified approach based on starting nanopowders led to improved geometry of preforms and fibers and consequently to the improvement of their background attenuation. Such nanocrystal -doped fibers can be used for ASE sources. Further improvement of fiber optical properties can be expected.

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15

Watanabe, Nobuyuki, and Kozo Taguchi. "Theoretical Investigation of an Optical Vibration Using Laser Beams from Optical Fibers Inserted at an Angle of 35 Degrees." Key Engineering Materials 523-524 (November 2012): 1059–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.523-524.1059.

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Optical trapping is a technique that is used to capture, translate, and manipulate microscopic particles, such as dielectric microspheres and cells. This cell manipulation and examination technology can be integrated on a Lab-on-a-Chip device. We have already developed an optically vibration system. The optical vibration system was formed using a temperature stabilized 1480nm cw diode laser. The output of laser light was coupled into optical fibers, which had optical connectors at these fiber ends. The fiber end had a hemispherical micro-lens with 5μm radius of curvature for focusing the laser beam emerging from the optical fiber end. These trapping fibers were attached to xyz manipulators and were inserted into a sample cell at an angle of 35 degrees. The trapped microsphere, 10μm diameter polystyrene particle (refractive index 1.59), could be optically vibrated by controlling laser power emerging from optical fibers. We theoretically analyzed the optical forces exerted on a microsphere by laser beams. Its operating principle is based upon the conservation of photon momentum carried by the incident laser light on a trapped microsphere. From these theoretical results, we verified that our proposed optical manipulation technique was useful for the manipulation of biological cells.

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16

Boyd, Robert W., and Eric L. Buckland. "Nonlinear Optical Interactions in Optical Fibers." Journal of Nonlinear Optical Physics & Materials 07, no. 01 (March 1998): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218863598000089.

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We report on our research program aimed at clarifying the physical processes leading to the nonlinear optical response of silica optical fibers and at studying the implications of optical nonlinearities on optical pulse propagation and optical switching devices. The dominant physical processes leading to the nonlinear optical response of an optical fiber are nonresonant electronic polarization, with essentially instantaneous response, the Raman interaction, with sub-picosecond response, and electrostriction, with nanosecond response. We present experimental results that show the consequence of each of these processes on the propagation of a light pulse through an optical fiber. We have also performed one of the first direct measurements of the electrostrictive contribution to the nonlinear refractive index of optical fibers. We measure values ranging from 1.5 × 10-16 to 5.8 × 10-16 cm2/W , depending on fiber type. These values are comparable to that of the fast, Kerr nonlinearity (i.e., sum of electronic and Raman contributions) of 2.5 × 10-16 cm2/W . The measured electrostrictive nonlinearities are significantly larger than those predicted by simple models, and the possible explanations of this difference are discussed.

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17

Moś, Joanna Ewa, Karol Antoni Stasiewicz, and Leszek Roman Jaroszewicz. "Liquid crystal cell with a tapered optical fiber as an active element to optical applications." Photonics Letters of Poland 11, no. 1 (April 3, 2019): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v11i1.879.

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The work describes the technology of a liquid crystal cell with a tapered optical fiber as an element providing light. The tapered optical fiber with the total optical loss of 0.22 ± 0.07 dB, the taper waist diameter of 15.5 ± 0.5 μm, and the elongation of 20.4 ± 0.3 mm has been used. The experimental results are presented for a liquid crystal cell filled with a mixture 1550* for parallel orientation of LC molecules to the cross section of the taper waist. Measurement results show the influence of the electrical field with voltage in the range of 0-200 V, without, as well as with different modulation for spectral characteristics. The sinusoidal and square signal shapes are used with a 1-10 Hz frequency range. Full Text: PDF ReferencesZ. Liu, H. Y. Tam, L. Htein, M. L.Vincent Tse, C. Lu, "Microstructured Optical Fiber Sensors", J. Lightwave Technol. 35, 16 (2017). CrossRef T. R. Wolinski, K. Szaniawska, S. Ertman1, P. Lesiak, A. W. Domański, R. Dabrowski, E. Nowinowski-Kruszelnicki, J. Wojcik "Influence of temperature and electrical fields on propagation properties of photonic liquid-crystal fibres", Meas. Sci. Technol. 17, 5 (2006). CrossRef K. Nielsen, D. Noordegraaf, T. Sørensen, A. Bjarklev,T. Hansen, "Selective filling of photonic crystal fibres", J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt. 7, 8 (2005). CrossRef A. A. Rifat, G. A. Mahdiraji, D. M. Chow, Y, Gang Shee, R. Ahmed, F. Rafiq, M Adikan, "Photonic Crystal Fiber-Based Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor with Selective Analyte Channels and Graphene-Silver Deposited Core", Sensors 15, 5 (2015) CrossRef Y. Huang, Z.Tian, L.P. Sun, D. Sun, J.Li, Y.Ran, B.-O. Guan "High-sensitivity DNA biosensor based on optical fiber taper interferometer coated with conjugated polymer tentacle", Opt. Express 23, 21 (2015). CrossRef X. Wang, O. S. Wolfbeis, "The 2016 Annual Review Issue", Anal. Chem., 88, 1 (2016). CrossRef Ye Tian, W. Wang, N. Wu, X. Zou, X.Wang, "Tapered Optical Fiber Sensor for Label-Free Detection of Biomolecules", Sensors 11, 4 (2011). CrossRef O. Katsunari, Fundamentals of Optical Waveguides, (London, Academic Press, (2006). DirectLink A. K. Sharma, J. Rajan, B.D. Gupta, "Fiber-Optic Sensors Based on Surface Plasmon Resonance: A Comprehensive Review", IEEE Sensors Journal 7, 8 (2007). CrossRef C. Caucheteur, T. Guo, J. Albert, "Review of plasmonic fiber optic biochemical sensors: improving the limit of detection", Anal. Bioanal.Chem. 407, 14 (2015). CrossRef S. F. Silva L. Coelho, O. Frazão, J. L. Santos, F. X.r Malcata, "A Review of Palladium-Based Fiber-Optic Sensors for Molecular Hydrogen Detection", IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL 12, 1 (2012). CrossRef H. Waechter, J. Litman, A. H. Cheung, J. A. Barnes, H.P. Loock, "Chemical Sensing Using Fiber Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy", Sensors 10, 3 (2010). CrossRef S. Zhu, F. Pang, S. Huang, F.Zou, Y.Dong, T.Wang, "High sensitivity refractive index sensor based on adiabatic tapered optical fiber deposited with nanofilm by ALD", Opt. Express 23, 11 (2015). CrossRef L. Zhang, J. Lou, L. Tong, "Micro/nanofiber optical sensors", Photonics sensor 1, 1 (2011). CrossRef L.Tong, J. Lou, E. Mazur, "Single-mode guiding properties of subwavelength-diameter silica and silicon wire waveguides", Opt. Express 11, 6 (2004). CrossRef H. Moyyed, I. T. Leite, L. Coelho, J. L. Santos, D. Viegas, "Analysis of phase interrogated SPR fiber optic sensors with bimetallic layers", IEEE Sensors Journal 14, 10 (2014). CrossRef A. González-Cano, M. Cruz Navarette, Ó. Esteban, N. Diaz Herrera , "Plasmonic sensors based on doubly-deposited tapered optical fibers", Sensors 14, 3 (2014). CrossRef K. A. Stasiewicz, J.E. Moś, "Threshold temperature optical fibre sensors", Opt. Fiber Technol. 32, (2016). CrossRef L. Zhang, F. Gu, J. Lou, X. Yin, L. Tong, "Fast detection of humidity with a subwavelength-diameter fiber taper coated with gelatin film", Opt. Express 16, 17 (2008). CrossRef S.Zhu, F.Pang, S. Huang, F. Zou, Q. Guo, J. Wen, T. Wang, "High Sensitivity Refractometer Based on TiO2-Coated Adiabatic Tapered Optical Fiber via ALD Technology", Sensors 16, 8 (2016). CrossRef G.Brambilla, "Optical fibre nanowires and microwires: a review", J. Optics 12, 4 (2010) CrossRef M. Ahmad, L.L. Hench, "Effect of taper geometries and launch angle on evanescent wave penetration depth in optical fibers", Biosens. Bioelectron. 20, 7 (2005). CrossRef L.M. Blinov, Electrooptic Effects in Liquid Crystal Materials (New York, Springftianer, 1994). CrossRef L. Scolari, T.T. Alkeskjold, A. Bjarklev, "Tunable Gaussian filter based on tapered liquid crystal photonic bandgap fibre", Electron. Lett. 42, 22 (2006). CrossRef J. Moś, M. Florek, K. Garbat, K.A. Stasiewicz, N. Bennis, L.R. Jaroszewicz, "In-Line Tunable Nematic Liquid Crystal Fiber Optic Device", J. of Lightwave Technol. 36, 4 (2017). CrossRef J. Moś, K A Stasiewicz, K Garbat, P Morawiak, W Piecek, L R Jaroszewicz, "Tapered fiber liquid crystal hybrid broad band device", Phys. Scripta. 93, 12 (2018). CrossRef Ch. Veilleux, J. Lapierre, J. Bures, "Liquid-crystal-clad tapered fibers", Opt. Lett. 11, 11 (1986). CrossRef R. Dąbrowski, K. Garbat, S. Urban, T.R. Woliński, J. Dziaduszek, T. Ogrodnik, A,Siarkowska, "Low-birefringence liquid crystal mixtures for photonic liquid crystal fibres application", Liq. Cryst. 44, (2017). CrossRef S. Lacroix, R. J. Black, Ch. Veilleux, J. Lapierre, "Tapered single-mode fibers: external refractive-index dependence", Appl. Opt., 25, 15 (1986). CrossRef J.F. Henninot, D. Louvergneaux , N.Tabiryan, M. Warenghem, "Controlled Leakage of a Tapered Optical Fiber with Liquid Crystal Cladding", Mol. Cryst.and Liq.Cryst., 282, 1(1996). CrossRef

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18

Webb, D. J. "Optical-Fiber Sensors: An Overview." MRS Bulletin 27, no. 5 (May 2002): 365–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2002.121.

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AbstractThis article provides an overview of the field of optical-fiber sensing, including a brief introduction to the properties of optical fibers that make them suitable for material characterization and monitoring. Some of the recent developments in the field are described, with an emphasis on Bragg grating sensors, multiplexed systems, and chemical sensing, as well as the new field of microstructured fiber.

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19

Carmo, J. P., and J. E. Ribeiro. "Optical Fibers on Medical Instrumentation." International Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Engineering 2, no. 2 (July 2013): 23–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijbce.2013070103.

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This paper provides a revision with the state-of-the-art related to the use of optical fiber sensors on medical instrumentation. Two types of optical fiber sensors are the focus of review: conventional optical fibers for communications and fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs).

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20

Zhihai Liu, Zhihai Liu, Tong Wang Tong Wang, Yaxun Zhang Yaxun Zhang, Xiaoyun Tang Xiaoyun Tang, Peikun Liu Peikun Liu, Yu Zhang Yu Zhang, Xinghua Yang Xinghua Yang, Jianzhong Zhang Jianzhong Zhang, Jun Yang Jun Yang, and Libo Yuan Libo Yuan. "Single fiber dual-functionality optical tweezers based on graded-index multimode fiber." Chinese Optics Letters 16, no. 5 (2018): 053501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201816.053501.

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21

Shang, Kejun, Ming Lei, Qiang Xiang, Yonglin Na, Lizhe Zhang, and Huaiyong Yu. "Near-navigation-grade interferometric fiber optic gyroscope with an integrated optical chip." Chinese Optics Letters 18, no. 12 (2020): 120601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col202018.120601.

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22

Xiaogang Jiang, Xiaogang Jiang, Daru Chen Daru Chen, Gaofeng Feng Gaofeng Feng, and Junyong Yang Junyong Yang. "Suspended twin-core fiber for optical switching." Chinese Optics Letters 12, no. 5 (2014): 050601–50604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201412.050601.

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23

Jia, Yan Fei, and Li Quan Zhao. "Design and Implementation of Optical Fiber Line Auto Switch Protection for Power System." Advanced Materials Research 614-615 (December 2012): 949–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.614-615.949.

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To overcome the problem that the artificial scheduling can not deal with optical fiber switching in time when optical fiber is broken or damage in power system, we designed an optical fiber line auto switch protection system. The system used six 4x4 optical switches to compose an optical switch array that eight working fibers can share four alternate fibers. Comparing with other system, the new system more effectively utilizes alternate fibers, and is more suitable for practical power system. It used single chip microcomputer as control chip of optical switch, when the received optical power is lower than predefined threshold, the control chip will control the optical switch to alternate fiber line in time to ensure the real time and reliability of optical fiber communication. In the same time, the new system can communicate with host computer to alarm, display fault optical fiber line and remote control, and be controlled by button to realize the manual switch of optical fiber line.

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24

Dorosz, Jan, and Ryszard Romaniuk. "Development of Optical Fiber Technology in Poland." International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications 57, no. 2 (June 1, 2011): 191–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10177-011-0027-6.

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Development of Optical Fiber Technology in PolandIn this paper, the authors, chairmen of the 13th Conference on Optical Fibers and Their Applications OFA2011, and editors of the conference proceedings summarize the development of optical fiber technology in Poland (during the period of 2009-2011) on the basis of papers presented there and consecutively published in this volume. The digest is thus not full but covers the periodically presented material every 18 months during the meetings on optical fibers in Białystok-Białowieża and Lublin-Krasnobród.

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Barczak, K. "Magnetooptic effect of photonic crystal fiber in blue region of visible spectrum." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences Technical Sciences 62, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 683–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bpasts-2014-0074.

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Abstract The phenomenon of optical birefringence in optical fibers is caused by external factors and stress induced by the manufacturing process. This optical birefringence makes it difficult to apply optical fibers as a polarimetric sensors head. Author of this paper, proposes the application of index guiding photonic crystal fibers because stress values in a fiber core caused by internal and external factors are lower. In this paper investigation results extended in comparison with the previous author’s investigations are presented. This extension relies on investigation of magnetooptic for wavelength 405 nm. On the basis of experimental results optimal work points of optical sensing fibers were determined.

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Liu, Zhengyong, Zhi Zhang, Hwa-Yaw Tam, and Xiaoming Tao. "Multifunctional Smart Optical Fibers: Materials, Fabrication, and Sensing Applications." Photonics 6, no. 2 (May 6, 2019): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics6020048.

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This paper presents a review of the development of optical fibers made of multiple materials, particularly including silica glass, soft glass, polymers, hydrogels, biomaterials, Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and Polyperfluoro-Butenylvinyleth (CYTOP). The properties of the materials are discussed according to their various applications. Typical fabrication techniques for specialty optical fibers based on these materials are introduced, which are mainly focused on extrusion, drilling, and stacking methods depending on the materials’ thermal properties. Microstructures render multiple functions of optical fibers and bring more flexibility in fiber design and device fabrication. In particular, micro-structured optical fibers made from different types of materials are reviewed. The sensing capability of optical fibers enables smart monitoring. Widely used techniques to develop fiber sensors, i.e., fiber Bragg grating and interferometry, are discussed in terms of sensing principles and fabrication methods. Lastly, sensing applications in oil/gas, optofluidics, and particularly healthcare monitoring using specialty optical fibers are demonstrated. In comparison with conventional silica-glass single-mode fiber, state-of-the-art specialty optical fibers provide promising prospects in sensing applications due to flexible choices in materials and microstructures.

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27

Stajanca, Pavol, Konstantin Hicke, and Katerina Krebber. "Distributed Fiberoptic Sensor for Simultaneous Humidity and Temperature Monitoring Based on Polyimide-Coated Optical Fibers." Sensors 19, no. 23 (November 30, 2019): 5279. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19235279.

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Along temperature, humidity is one of the principal environmental factors that plays an important role in various application areas. Presented work investigates possibility of distributed fiberoptic humidity monitoring based on humidity-induced strain measurement in polyimide (PI)-coated optical fibers. Characterization of relative humidity (RH) and temperature response of four different commercial PI- and one acrylate-coated fiber was performed using optical backscattering reflectometry (OBR). The study addresses issues of temperature-humidity cross-sensitivity, fiber response stability, repeatability, and the influence of annealing. Acrylate-coated fiber exhibited rather unfavorable nonlinear RH response with strong temperature dependence, which makes it unsuitable for humidity sensing applications. On the other hand, humidity response of PI-coated fibers showed good linearity with fiber sensitivity slightly decreasing at rising temperatures. In the tested range, temperature sensitivity of the fibers remained humidity independent. Thermal annealing was shown to considerably improve and stabilize fiber RH response. Based on performed analysis, a 20 m sensor using the optimal PI-coated fibers was proposed and constructed. The sensor uses dual sensing fiber configuration for mutual decoupling and simultaneous measurement of temperature and RH variations. Using OBR, distributed dual temperature-RH monitoring with cm spatial resolution was demonstrated for the first time.

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Perez-Herrera, R. A., D. Pallarés-Aldeiturriaga, A. Júdez, L. Rodriguez Cobo, M. Lopez-Amo, and J. M. Lopez-Higuera. "Optical fiber lasers assisted by microdrilled optical fiber tapers." Optics Letters 44, no. 11 (May 22, 2019): 2669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.44.002669.

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Soares, Maria Simone, Miguel Vidal, Nuno F. Santos, Florinda M. Costa, Carlos Marques, Sónia O. Pereira, and Cátia Leitão. "Immunosensing Based on Optical Fiber Technology: Recent Advances." Biosensors 11, no. 9 (August 30, 2021): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios11090305.

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The evolution of optical fiber technology has revolutionized a variety of fields, from optical transmission to environmental monitoring and biomedicine, given their unique properties and versatility. For biosensing purposes, the light guided in the fiber core is exposed to the surrounding media where the analytes of interest are detected by different techniques, according to the optical fiber configuration and biofunctionalization strategy employed. These configurations differ in manufacturing complexity, cost and overall performance. The biofunctionalization strategies can be carried out directly on bare fibers or on coated fibers. The former relies on interactions between the evanescent wave (EW) of the fiber and the analyte of interest, whereas the latter can comprise plasmonic methods such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and localized SPR (LSPR), both originating from the interaction between light and metal surface electrons. This review presents the basics of optical fiber immunosensors for a broad audience as well as the more recent research trends on the topic. Several optical fiber configurations used for biosensing applications are highlighted, namely uncladded, U-shape, D-shape, tapered, end-face reflected, fiber gratings and special optical fibers, alongside practical application examples. Furthermore, EW, SPR, LSPR and biofunctionalization strategies, as well as the most recent advances and applications of immunosensors, are also covered. Finally, the main challenges and an outlook over the future direction of the field is presented.

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FUJITA, HIROSHI, and TOSHIMASA KURODA. "Polycarbonate Optical Fiber." Sen'i Gakkaishi 47, no. 6 (1991): P329—P332. http://dx.doi.org/10.2115/fiber.47.6_p329.

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Kuila, Dr Puspendu. "Generation of Short Time Width Optical Soliton Pulse Inside an Optical Fiber." International Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 7 (June 1, 2012): 246–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/july2014/77.

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32

Mohammed, Salim Qadir, and Asaad M. Asaad M. Al-Hindawi. "Study of Optical Fiber Design Parameters in Fiber Optics Communications." Kurdistan Journal of Applied Research 2, no. 3 (August 27, 2017): 302–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.24017/science.2017.3.52.

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Fiber optics is an important part in the telecommunication infrastructure. Large bandwidth and low attenuation are features for the fiber optics to provide gigabit transmission. Nowadays, fiber optics are used widely in long distance communication and networking to provide the required information traffic for multimedia applications. In this paper, the optical fiber structure and the operation mechanism for multimode and single modes are analyzed. The design parameters such as core radius, numerical aperture, attenuation, dispersion and information capacity for step index and graded index fibers are studied, calculated and compared for different light sources.

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Ti, Chaoyang, Yao Shen, Yiming Lei, and Yuxiang Liu. "Optical Trapping of Sub−Micrometer Particles with Fiber Tapers Fabricated by Fiber Pulling Assisted Chemical Etching." Photonics 8, no. 9 (August 31, 2021): 367. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8090367.

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Optical trapping of sub−micrometer particles in three dimensions has been attracting increasing attention in a wide variety of fields such as physics, chemistry, and biologics. Optical fibers that allow stable trapping of such particles are not readily available but beneficial in system integration and miniaturization. Here, we present a readily accessible batch fabrication method, namely fiber pulling assisted tubeless chemical etching, to obtain sharp tapered optical fibers from regular telecommunication single−mode fibers. We demonstrated the applications of such fiber tapers in two non−plasmonic optical trapping systems, namely single− and dual−fiber−taper−based trapping systems. We realized single particle trapping, multiple particle trapping, optical binding, and optical guiding with sub−micrometer silica particles. Particularly, using the dual fiber system, we observed the three−dimensional optical trapping of swarm sub−micrometer particles, which is more challenging to realize than trapping a single particle. Because of the capability of sub−micrometer particle trapping and the accessible batch fabrication method, the fiber taper−based trapping systems are highly potential tools that can find many applications in biology and physics.

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Drake, Daniel, Rani Sullivan, and J. Wilson. "Distributed Strain Sensing from Different Optical Fiber Configurations." Inventions 3, no. 4 (September 25, 2018): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inventions3040067.

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Strain distributions were obtained from optical fibers arranged in three different configurations on transversely-loaded cantilevered beams. Traditional strain measurement sensors, such as strain gauges, are limited to measuring strain at discrete points on a structural member. However, distributed optical fibers can measure high spatial (<1 mm spacing) strain or temperature distributions. In this study, optical fibers in spiral, grid, and rosette configurations were bonded to aluminum cantilevered beams subjected to tip loads. Strain distributions from optical fiber sensors were measured using a swept wavelength coherent interferometric technique. The optical fiber strain measurements show good agreement with strain gauge measurements. The attributes of each sensor configuration are discussed.

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Bufetov, Igor A., Mikhail A. Melkumov, Sergei V. Firstov, Konstantin E. Riumkin, Alexey V. Shubin, Vladimir F. Khopin, Alexei N. Guryanov, and Evgeny M. Dianov. "Bi-Doped Optical Fibers and Fiber Lasers." IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 20, no. 5 (September 2014): 111–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jstqe.2014.2312926.

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Ha, Woosung, Yoonseob Jeong, and Kyunghwan Oh. "Fiber fuse effect in hollow optical fibers." Optics Letters 36, no. 9 (April 20, 2011): 1536. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.36.001536.

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Zhao, W., and Richard O. Claus. "Optical fiber grating sensors in multimode fibers." Smart Materials and Structures 9, no. 2 (April 1, 2000): 212–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/9/2/312.

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Karlsson, Magnus. "Optical fiber-grating compressors utilizing long fibers." Optics Communications 112, no. 1-2 (November 1994): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-4018(94)90077-9.

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Knight, J. C., T. A. Birks, B. J. Mangan, and P. St J. Russell. "Microstructured Silica as an Optical-Fiber Material." MRS Bulletin 26, no. 8 (August 2001): 614–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2001.154.

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Conventional optical fibers are fabricated by creating a preform from two different glasses and drawing the preform down at an elevated temperature to form a fiber. A waveguide core is created in the preform by embedding a glass with a higher refractive index within a lower-index “cladding” material. Over the last few years, researchers at several laboratories have demonstrated very different forms of optical-fiber waveguides by using a drawing process to produce two-dimensionally microstructured materials in the form of fine “photoniccrystal fibers” (PCFs). One such waveguide is represented schematically in Figure 1. It consists of a silica fiber with a regular pattern of tiny airholes that run down the entire length. The optical properties of the microstructured silica cladding material enable the formation of guided waves in the pure silica core.

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Loyez, Médéric, Maxime Lobry, Ruddy Wattiez, and Christophe Caucheteur. "Optical Fiber Gratings Immunoassays." Sensors 19, no. 11 (June 7, 2019): 2595. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19112595.

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Optical fibers are of growing interest for biosensing, especially for point-of-care and biomedical assays. Their intrinsic properties bestow them sought-after assets for the detection of low concentrations of analytes. Tilted fiber Bragg gratings (TFBGs) photo-inscribed in the core of telecommunication-grade optical fibers are known to be highly-sensitive refractometers. In this work, we present different strategies to use them for label-free immunoassays. Bare, gold-sputtered, gold-electroless-plated (ELP) and hybrid configurations are biofunctionalized with antibodies, aiming at the detection of cancer biomarkers. We discuss the relative performances of the tested configurations and show that each leads to singular key features, which therefore drives their selection as a function of the target application. The most sensitive configuration presents a limit of detection of 10−12 g/mL in laboratory settings and was successfully used ex vivo in freshly resected lung tissues.

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Lim Chen Ning, Ivan, and Paul Sava. "Multicomponent distributed acoustic sensing: Concept and theory." GEOPHYSICS 83, no. 2 (March 1, 2018): P1—P8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/geo2017-0327.1.

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Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) data are increasingly used in geophysics. Lower in cost and higher in spatial resolution, DAS data are appealing, especially in boreholes in which optical fibers are readily available. DAS has the potential to become a permanent reservoir monitoring tool with a reduced sensing time interval. To accomplish this goal, it is critical that DAS can record all wave modes to fully characterize reservoir properties. This goal can be achieved by recording the complete strain tensor consisting of 6C. Conventional DAS provides projections of these components along the optical fiber by observing deformation along the fiber. To obtain the entire 6C strain tensor, we have developed an approach using multiple strain projections measured along optical fibers with judiciously chosen geometry specifically. We evaluate designs combining multiple helical configurations or a single helical configuration together with a straight optical fiber that allow access to multiple strain projections. We group multiple strain projections in a given spatial window to perform reconstruction of the entire strain tensor in a least-squares sense under the assumption that the seismic wavelength is larger than the analysis window size. We determine how optimal optical fiber parameters can be selected using a scan of the entire configuration space and analyzing the condition number associated with the geometry of the optical fibers. We develop our method through synthetic experiments using realistic fiber geometry and wavefields of arbitrary complexity.

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Bouaziz, Djamila, Grégoire Chabrol, Assia Guessoum, Nacer-Eddine Demagh, and Sylvain Lecler. "Photonic Jet-Shaped Optical Fiber Tips versus Lensed Fibers." Photonics 8, no. 9 (September 7, 2021): 373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8090373.

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Shaped optical fiber tips have recently attracted a lot of interest for photonic jet light focusing due to their easy manipulation to scan a sample. However, lensed optical fibers are not new. This study analyzes how fiber tip parameters can be used to control focusing properties. Our study shows that the configurations to generate a photonic jet (PJ) can clearly be distinguished from more classical-lensed fibers focusing. PJ is a highly concentrated, propagative light beam, with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) that can be lower than the diffraction limit. According to the simulations, the PJs are obtained when light is coupled in the guide fundamental mode and when the base diameter of the microlens is close to the core diameter. For single mode fibers or fibers with a low number of modes, long tips with a relatively sharp shape achieve PJ with smaller widths. On the contrary, when the base diameter of the microlens is larger than the fiber core, the focus point tends to move away from the external surface of the fiber and has a larger width. In other words, the optical system (fiber/microlens) behaves in this case like a classical-lensed fiber with a larger focus spot size. The results of this study can be used as guidelines for the tailored fabrication of shaped optical fiber tips according to the targeted application.

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Mulyanto, Imam. "Curvature Analysis in Fiber Optic Cables as a Tilt Sensor Based on Macro Bending." Journal of Technomaterials Physics 2, no. 2 (August 27, 2020): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/jotp.v2i2.5399.

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The test has been successfully carried out on optical fibers to be used as a macrobending tilt sensor using SMF-28 single mode optical fiber. The optical fiber was molded with silicon rubber, then connected to a laser light and a power meter to see the intensity of the laser power produced. The principle is carried out using the macro bending phenomenon on single mode optical fibers, where the laser light intensity in the fiber optic cable will decrease if there is a bend or bending in the fiber optic cable. We can observe the power loss resulting from the macro bending process to find out how sensitive the optical fiber is to changes in a given angle. The resulting optical fiber sensitivity value is -0.1534o/dBm.

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Matsuura, Motoharu. "Recent Advancement in Power-over-Fiber Technologies." Photonics 8, no. 8 (August 15, 2021): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics8080335.

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Power-over-fiber is a power transmission technology using optical fibers that offers various features not available in conventional power lines, such as copper wires. The basic configuration of power-over-fiber comprises three key components: light sources, optical fibers, and photovoltaic power converters. This review article presents the features of power-over-fiber and its key components. Moreover, recent advancement in power-over-fiber technologies based on their latest results is introduced, focusing primarily on papers presented at the Optical Wireless and Fiber Transmission Conferences (OWPT) from 2019 to 2021.

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Pickrell, Gary R., Evgenya S. Smirnova, Stanton L. De Haven, and Robert S. Rogowski. "Hybrid Ordered Hole-Random Hole Optical Fibers." Advances in Science and Technology 45 (October 2006): 2598–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.45.2598.

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Photonic band gap (PBG) fibers have generated significant interest over the last decade due to the unique set of properties these fibers exhibit. In general, these fibers have been made by drawing a series of glass tubes (which are stacked in an ordered array) into a fiber. These fibers consist of an ordered arrangement of holes or tubes in a glass matrix. In this invited paper we describe a novel type of fiber, called HORHOFs (hybrid ordered random hole optical fibers). In these fibers, the refractive index of the ordered-hole region is controlled by incorporation of very small tubes of glass produced in-situ during the fiber drawing process. The result is a region of controllable glass density inside the “ordered hole”. This allows tailoring of the refractive index of the hole region and of the matrix glass around the holes. Description of the process to produce these new types of fibers, micrographs of some of the fibers produced, some potential applications, and the results of some computer modeling to predict the properties of these fibers, are presented.

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Bartelt, Hartmut. "Trends in Bragg Grating Technology for Optical Fiber Sensor Applications." Key Engineering Materials 437 (May 2010): 304–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.437.304.

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Fiber Bragg gratings have found widespread and successful applications in optical sensor systems, e. g. for temperature, strain or refractive index measurements. Such sensor elements are fiber integrated, are applicable under harsh environmental conditions, and can be easily multiplexed. In order to further extend the field of applications, there is a great interest in specifically adapted Bragg gratings, in Bragg grating structures with increased stability, or in the use of special fiber types for grating inscription. The paper discusses such specific concepts for grating inscription, covers novel aspects of fiber gratings in small diameter fibers or in fiber tapers, of gratings in pure silica fibers without UV sensitivity, of grating inscription in different microstructured fibers or photonic crystal fibers, and investigates the concept of femtosecond inscription and the extension of the Bragg reflection wavelengths down to the visible range.

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Guo, Yiyong, Bing Han, Junting Du, Shanshan Cao, Hua Gao, Ning An, Yiwei Li, et al. "Kilometers Long Graphene-Coated Optical Fibers for Fast Thermal Sensing." Research 2021 (March 18, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2021/5612850.

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The combination of optical fiber with graphene has greatly expanded the application regimes of fiber optics, from dynamic optical control and ultrafast pulse generation to high precision sensing. However, limited by fabrication, previous graphene-fiber samples are typically limited in the micrometer to centimeter scale, which cannot take the inherent advantage of optical fibers—long-distance optical transmission. Here, we demonstrate kilometers long graphene-coated optical fiber (GCF) based on industrial graphene nanosheets and coating technique. The GCF shows unusually high thermal diffusivity of 24.99 mm2 s-1 in the axial direction, measured by a thermal imager directly. This enables rapid thermooptical response both in optical fiber Bragg grating sensors at one point (18-fold faster than conventional fiber) and in long-distance distributed fiber sensing systems based on backward Rayleigh scattering in optical fiber (15-fold faster than conventional fiber). This work realizes the industrial-level graphene-fiber production and provides a novel platform for two-dimensional material-based optical fiber sensing applications.

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Pallarés-Aldeiturriaga, David, Pablo Roldán-Varona, Luis Rodríguez-Cobo, and José Miguel López-Higuera. "Optical Fiber Sensors by Direct Laser Processing: A Review." Sensors 20, no. 23 (December 6, 2020): 6971. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20236971.

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The consolidation of laser micro/nano processing technologies has led to a continuous increase in the complexity of optical fiber sensors. This new avenue offers novel possibilities for advanced sensing in a wide set of application sectors and, especially in the industrial and medical fields. In this review, the most important transducing structures carried out by laser processing in optical fiber are shown. The work covers different types of fiber Bragg gratings with an emphasis in the direct-write technique and their most interesting inscription configurations. Along with gratings, cladding waveguide structures in optical fibers have reached notable importance in the development of new optical fiber transducers. That is why a detailed study is made of the different laser inscription configurations that can be adopted, as well as their current applications. Microcavities manufactured in optical fibers can be used as both optical transducer and hybrid structure to reach advanced soft-matter optical sensing approaches based on optofluidic concepts. These in-fiber cavities manufactured by femtosecond laser irradiation followed by chemical etching are promising tools for biophotonic devices. Finally, the enhanced Rayleigh backscattering fibers by femtosecond laser dots inscription are also discussed, as a consequence of the new sensing possibilities they enable.

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Wang, Shuilian, Zhenyi Chen, Na Chen, Wenjie Xu, Qiangda Hao, and Shupeng Liu. "Thermal Poling of New Double-Hole Optical Fibers." Applied Sciences 9, no. 11 (May 28, 2019): 2176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9112176.

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Fused silica are common fiber materials which have macroscopic central symmetry without second-order nonlinearity. Studies have shown that thermal poling of fused silica fibers can destroy this macroscopic central symmetry, resulting in second-order nonlinearity or linear electro-optical effects. In this paper, a new type of double-hole optical fiber is designed. A two-dimensional (2D) numerical model is used to simulate the movement of ions and the formation of space charge region by finite element analysis. It is found that the single round square hole structure of the new double-hole fiber promotes the thermal poling process. The effective second-order nonlinear coefficient χ eff ( 2 ) of the new double-hole poled fiber is 0.28 pm/V at the core center, which is 0.05 pm/V higher than that of the circular double-hole poled fiber. In the fiber core, the radial distribution of the internal electric field and of χ eff ( 2 ) is calculated and analyzed. The results of this paper are of great significance for the application of thermally poled fibers on nonlinear all-fiber devices.

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Jie Shu, Jie Shu, Peiguang Yan Peiguang Yan, Jian Zhao Jian Zhao, Junqing Zhao Junqing Zhao, Shuangchen Ruan Shuangchen Ruan, Huifeng Wei Huifeng Wei, and Jie Luo Jie Luo. "Supercontinuum generation in web-like microstructure optical fiber." Chinese Optics Letters 10, s1 (2012): S10602–310604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201210.s10602.

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