Journal articles on the topic 'Fiber Coating'
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1
Yin, Yan Zi, Ji Hui Wang, Han Li, Jiu Xiao Sun, Heng Tian, and Yun Dong Ji. "The Preliminary Research on the Coating of FBG Embedded in Composites used in Large Aircraft." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 540–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.540.
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The optical fibers with epoxy acrylates and urethane acrylates UV-curable coatings were embedded in composites. It’s found that after high-temperature heated, when the coating’s glass transition temperature was higher than the heating temperature, the microstructure of the coating would not change, but when the coating’s glass transition temperature was lower than the heating temperature, the coating would detached from optical fiber. FBG (fiber Bragg grating) sensors with coating and naked FBG (without coating) sensors were embedded in composite materials to monitor impacting damage. It was found that when the coating broke away from the optical fiber which was embedded in the composites, the sensitivity of the FBG sensors would reduce.
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Ellenburg, M. G., J. A. Hanigofsky, and W. J. Lackey. "Thermal stress analysis for coated fibers." Journal of Materials Research 9, no. 3 (March 1994): 789–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1994.0789.
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Thermal stresses induced during cooling from temperatures used for coating deposition were calculated for various fiber-coating systems. Systems under study include several types of carbon, alumina, and zirconia fibers. Coatings considered were TiB2, Si3N4, and SiC. Typical calculated stresses were on the order of 0 to 2 GPa. The results were used to analyze the effects of variable physical parameters such as coating thickness and crystallographic orientation on the stress levels. Each fiber-coating system was then compared using a nominal coating thickness of 5 μm in order to rank the various fiber-coating combinations. Among the results obtained, it was shown that orientation of deposited coatings usually leads to higher tensile stresses.
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Yin, Yan Zi, Ji Hui Wang, Ze Hui Yang, Jiu Xiao Sun, Heng Tian, and Ling Ling Gong. "Preparation of a Simple Heat-Resistant Coating of the Optical Fiber Embedded in Composites." Advanced Materials Research 335-336 (September 2011): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.335-336.86.
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A new kind of optical fiber corylic resin coating was prepared in this paper. The influence of PVC (pigment volume concentration) to the properties of coatings was studied. The best formula was selected. The best coating was painted on the optical fiber. The relationships of the coating diameter and the distances of the centers of the coating layer and optical fiber were studied. It was found that the circle diameter of coating is greater; the distance of centers of circles is bigger. Finally, the optical fiber with this coating was embedded in resin castings. The cross sections were observed under the same heated situation. The results revealed that the coatings embedded in composites used in large aircraft had no change when it was heated. This kind of coating did not need ultraviolet light or heating, and it’s easy to control the thickness and roundness of the coating by controlling the speed of pulling out the optical fibers. This type coating is a kind of simple heat-resistant coating embedded in composite materials used in the large aircraft.
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Kim, Kyoung Jin, and Ho Sang Kwak. "Analytic Study of Non-Newtonian Double Layer Coating Liquid Flows in Optical Fiber Manufacturing." Applied Mechanics and Materials 224 (November 2012): 260–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.224.260.
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In mass manufacturing of optical fibers, the wet-on-wet polymer resin coating is an efficient process for applying double layer coatings on the glass fiber. This paper presents an analytic study on the behavior of non-Newtonian polymer resins in the double layer coating liquid flow inside a secondary coating die of the optical fiber coating applicator. Based the approximations of fully developed laminar flow and the power law model of non-Newtonian fluid, the coating liquid flow of two immiscible resin layers is modeled for the simplified geometry of capillary annulus, where the surface of glass fiber moves at high fiber drawing speed. The effects of important parameters such as non-Newtonian fluid properties, the coating die size, and fiber drawing speed are investigated on the resin velocity profiles and secondary coating layer thickness.
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Babashov, V. G., N. M. Varrik, V. G. Maksimov, and O. N. Samorodova. "OXIDE FIBER COATED WITH SILICON CARBIDE FOR PRODUCING COMPOSITE MATERIALS." Aviation Materials and Technologies, no. 3 (2021): 94–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.18577/2713-0193-2021-0-3-94-104.
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The article presents the results of an experiment on the application of a silicon carbide coating on an alumina fiber and studies the properties of the resulting coated fibers. The purpose of applying a barrier coating to the fibers is to protect the fiber from degradation during the manufacturing of a ceramic composite material. The paper gives the characteristics of barrier coatings, such as thickness, continuity, structure, thermal and thermo-oxidative properties. The obtained data will be useful in the development of new types of ceramic composite materials reinforced with fibers.
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Rejeb, Marouan, Ahmed Koubaa, Fayez Elleuch, François Godard, Sébastien Migneault, Mohamed Khlif, and Hatem Mrad. "Effects of Coating on the Dimensional Stability of Wood-Polymer Composites." Coatings 11, no. 6 (June 13, 2021): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11060711.
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Wood polymer composites (WPC) are sensitive to moisture because of the hydrophilic nature of the wood fibers. The main objective of this study was to improve the dimensional stability of WPCs by coating. Polypropylene and polylactic acid were reinforced by three pulp fibers (kraft, thermomechanical (TMP), and chemothermomechanical (CTMP)) at three fiber contents (50, 60, and 70% w/w). The resulting WPCs were coated using two commercial coatings, epoxy and acrylic. Kraft fiber WPCs were less sensitive to moisture than TMP and CTMP WPCs. These differences were explained by the crystallinity of the kraft fibers and their better interfacial adhesion to the polymers. The epoxy coating proved to be more effective than the acrylic coating and significantly reduced the water absorption and the thickness swell for all formulations. Negative relationships between the contact angle and water absorption were obtained. These relationships depend on the fiber content and type, the matrix nature, and the coating.
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Maier, Jonathan, Andreas Nöth, and Katrin Schönfeld. "BN-Based Fiber Coatings by Wet-Chemical Coating." Key Engineering Materials 809 (June 2019): 421–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.809.421.
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Fiber coatings for BN/SiC-and BN/Si3N4-bilayer systems were developed for the use in SiC/SiC composites. All coatings were produced with high process velocities of 500 m/h by a continuous roll-to-roll dip-coating process. The fiber surface was fully covered with a homogeneous coating and without fiber bridging. Tensile tests of fiber bundles were used to examine potential degradation of the fiber properties due to the application of the coatings. The coated fiber bundles showed a reduction of the maximum tensile load to 90.0 % for the BN/Si3N4 and to 86.7 % for the BN/SiC coating in comparison to the fiber bundle in the as-received state. A thermal treatment of the coated fiber bundles up to 1650 °C led to no reduction of their maximum tensile load. SiC/SiC composites were fabricated by polymer infiltration and pyrolysis. The flexural strength and strain of composites with BN/SiC fiber coating were improved to 467 MPa and 0.42 % in comparison to the composites without fiber coating. The composites with BN/SiC coating showed toughened fracture behavior with fiber pull-out effects.
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Yang, Bei, Xin Gui Zhou, Jin Shan Yu, and Hong Lei Wang. "Preparation of BN Coating on KD-II Silicon Carbide Fiber by Dip-Coating Process." Materials Science Forum 816 (April 2015): 186–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.816.186.
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Boron nitride (BN) coating on KD-II silicon carbide fiber was prepared from boric acid and urea by a 4-circle dip-coating process. SiCf/SiC composites were prepared from the precursor LPVCS by a HP(heat pressure) assisted PIP(precursor infiltration and pyrolysis) process. The microstructure and crystal structure of the coatings were characterized by SEM and XRD. XPS was adapted to analysis the composition and contents of different elements on the surface of BN coating. The influence of dip-coating process to the fibers was studied by the monofilament strength test. As the results, the monofilament strengths of the dip-coated fibers decreased firstly and increased subsequently. The strengths were slightly higher (3.4%) than the original fiber after 4 circles. The average flexural strength and fracture toughness of the composites with BN coating are respectively 290.8 MPa and 12.09 MPa⋅m1/2, while those of composites without coating are 144.1 MPa and 6.72 MPa⋅m1/2, respectively.
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Gao, Shang, Chongyao Wu, Xin Yang, Jirui Cheng, and Renke Kang. "Study on Adhesion Properties and Process Parameters of Electroless Deposited Ni-P Alloy for PEEK and Its Modified Materials." Coatings 13, no. 2 (February 8, 2023): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13020388.
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Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) and its fiber-reinforced materials are thermoplastic polymer materials with broad application prospects. Depositing Ni-P alloy on them can improve their poor conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance, and further expand their application field. The application effect of the plated parts is significantly impacted by the bonding strength between PEEK and coating. The bonding strength between non-metallic substrate and coating is largely influenced by the surface characteristics of the substrate. Therefore, it is significant to study how the surface roughness of PEEK materials and the modified fibers in materials affect the adhesion of the coating. In this study, Ni-P alloy was electroless deposited on PEEK, 30% carbon-fiber-reinforced PEEK (CF30/PEEK), and 30% glass-fiber-reinforced PEEK (GF30/PEEK) with varying surface roughness. The influence of surface roughness and modified fibers on the coating adhesion was studied. Additionally, the effect of the concentrations of nickel sulfate, sodium hypophosphite, pH, and temperature on the deposition rate of the coating was investigated for the three materials. Based on the highest deposition rate, the process parameters were then optimized. The results demonstrated that as surface roughness increased, adhesion between substrate and coating first increased and then decreased. The surface roughness Ra of 0.4 μm produced the highest coating adhesion. Additionally, fiber-reinforced PEEK adhered to coatings more effectively than PEEK did. The mechanism of the difference in bonding strength between different PEEK-modified materials and coatings was revealed. The optimal process parameters were: nickel sulfate: 25 g/L, sodium hypophosphite: 30 g/L, pH: 5.0, and temperature: 70 °C.
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Weisbrich, Martin, Klaus Holschemacher, and Thomas Bier. "Comparison of different fiber coatings for distributed strain measurement in cementitious matrices." Journal of Sensors and Sensor Systems 9, no. 2 (July 8, 2020): 189–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/jsss-9-189-2020.
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Abstract. Distributed fiber optic strain measurement based on Rayleigh scattering has recently become increasingly popular in automotive and mechanical engineering for strain monitoring and in the construction industry, especially structural health monitoring. This technology enables the monitoring of strain along the entire fiber length. This article addresses integrating optical fibers of different coatings into the concrete matrix to measure the shrinkage deformations. However, previous studies do not give a clear statement about the strain transfer losses of fiber optic sensors in this application. In this context, three different coating types were investigated regarding their strain transfer. The fibers were integrated into fine-grained concrete prisms, and the shrinkage strain was compared with a precise dial gauge. The analysis shows a high correlation between the reference method and the fiber measurement, especially with the ORMOCER® coating. The acrylate coating used is also consistent in the middle area of the specimen but requires a certain strain introduction length to indicate the actual strain. The main result of this study is a recommendation for fiber coatings for shrinkage measurement in fine-grain concretes using the distributed fiber optic strain measurement. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of the measurement method are presented.
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Pawar, Sarika P. "Micro and Nano Fiber Composite Coatings." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 5160–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.44634.
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Abstract: Environmental friendly products are becoming popular and acceptable in industries due to the global limitation to the amount of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released into the atmosphere. Low VOC compounds and technologies are also becoming a choice in the coatings and paint industry. Coatings can be made from water or solvent. In coatings from water, we use water as the solvent, therefore coating called water based coating and in the case of solvent-borne coatings, we used organic or inorganic compounds as solvents, therefore this coating called as solvent borne coating. Among all different types of solvents water is the greatest choice among these low VOC technologies for usage as a solvent to manufacture chemical compounds and Paints and coatings. because water is often recognized as a low-cost, safe, non-toxic, easily available and ecologically friendly solvent. Also nanomaterials is new field in research and development of material science . Materials can be one dimensional such as small particles, materials can be two dimensional such as fibres. Therefore in two-dimensional materials such as fibres ( micro and nanofibers) use in many different applications such as medical, composites, aerospace, Building constructions etc. Nanofiber has the advantage of high surface area to volume ratio hence to decrease the coating defects. micro and nanofibers should be incorporated inside the coating matrix. This way one can improve the properties of water-based coatings. Hence low VOC solvent water with high surface area fibre is becoming a trend in composite coating and nanotechnology in fibres. This review provides information on Composite coatings, distinct fibres used in coatings and their applications, also effects of different aspect ratio of fibres on properties of coatings
12
Schalek, Richard L., John Helmuth, and Lawrence T. Drzal. "Evaluation of Boron Nitride Coated Nextel 312TM Fiber/BlackglasTM Composites Using an Environmental SEM." Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (July 1998): 282–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192760002153x.
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The most critical technical issue preventing large scale application of ceramic matrix composites is the cost-effective application of stable interface coatings on continuous ceramic fibers. Currently, an alumina-silica ceramic fiber containing up to 14 wt. % boria (Nextel 312TM) is composited at elevated temperatures to form a boron nitride (BN) coating on the fiber surface. This BN coating serves as a compliant layer facilitating crack deflection and producing a non-catastrophic failure mode. Continued development of these ceramic matrix composites requires a more complete understanding of the mechanistic paths involved in composite densification. The objective of this work is to investigate and more clearly describe the role of the BN coating and its relation to composite processing and properties of the densified Nextel 312TM fiber/BlackglasTM (silicon oxycarbide) composites.Three composites consisting of as-received fibers (coated with an organic sizing), desized fibers (sizing removed by heating), and boron nitride coated fibers were fabricated using BlackglasTM preceramic polymer 489C B-stage resin.
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Baklanova, Natalia I., B. N. Zaitsev, and Anatoly Titov. "Improved Oxide-Based Interfacial Coatings for the Next Generation of CMC's." Advances in Science and Technology 50 (October 2006): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.50.51.
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CMC's reinforced by SiC-based fibers achieve high toughness and damage tolerance through the disposal of weak fiber coating which can deflect cracks and promote debonding at the fiber/matrix region. Refractory oxide-based systems are considered as the most promising ones for this purpose. Sols of zirconia, including stabilized zirconia were used as simple and readily processable precursors for obtaining interfacial coatings on SiC tow and cloth. The morphology, composition, topography, roughness, tensile properties of as-prepared and exposed to air at 1000°C coated fibers were evaluated by SEM/EDS, XPS, XRD, AFM, micro Raman analysis. The peculiarities of the behavior of oxide-coated fibers are governed by the properties of initial sols, procedure for coating fabrication, chemical and nanostructural factors. The peculiarities of the behavior of the stabilized zirconia interphase with accurate phase control will be discussed. A monitoring of the t→ m phase transformation within ZrO2 interfacial coating on SiC fiber using micro Raman makes it possible quantitatively to evaluate an ability of ZrO2 as oxidation resistance and readily deformable weak interfacial coating for the next-generation CMC's.
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TYAGI, PREETI, MICHAEL JOYCE, SACHIN AGATE, MARTIN HUBBE, and LOKENDRA PAL. "Citrus-based hydrocolloids: A water retention aid and rheology modifier for paper coatings." July 2019 18, no. 7 (August 1, 2019): 443–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj18.7.443.
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The rheological and dewatering behavior of an aqueous pigmented coating system not only affects the machine runnability but also affects the product quality. The current study describes the use of natural hydrocolloids derived from citrus peel fibers as a rheology modifier in paper coating applications. The results were compared with carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) in a typical paper coating system. Water retention of the coating formulation was increased by 56% with citrus peel fibers compared to a default coating, and it also was higher than a CMCcontaining coating. The Brookfield viscosity of paper coatings was found to increase with citrus peel fibers. Compared to CMC, different citrus peel fibers containing coating recipes were able to achieve similar or higher water retention values, with no change or a slight increase in viscosity. Coatings were applied on linerboard using the Mayer rod-coating method, and all basic properties of paper were measured to assess the impact of citrus peel fiber on the functional value of the coatings. Paper properties were improved with coated paper containing citrus peel fibers, including brightness, porosity, smoothness, surface bonding strength, and ink absorption.
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Galyshev, Sergei, and Evgeniya Postnova. "Electrochemical Deposition of SiO2-Coatings on a Carbon Fiber." Fibers 9, no. 5 (May 7, 2021): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fib9050033.
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Research on carbon fiber oxide coatings is primarily focused on metal matrix composites. Such coatings act as a diffusion barrier between a matrix and a fiber and, in addition, they can be weak boundaries that significantly increase the mechanical properties of metal matrix composites. A simple and economical method of coating deposition is the sol–gel method. However, it does not allow for control of the thickness of the carbon fiber coating. To eliminate this limitation, a combined method is used that includes sol–gel technology and electrochemical deposition. The paper presents the results of studies on the production of SiO2 coatings on carbon fibers by the above method. The effect of current density, deposition time, salt concentration, pH of the reaction medium, TEOS/H2O molar ratio, and alcohol concentration in the reaction medium on the structure and thickness of the coatings was studied.
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Balaba, Willy M., Douglas A. Weirauch, Anthony J. Perrotta, George H. Armstrong, Princewill N. Anyalebechi, Suzanne Kauffman, Andrew N. MacInnes, Angela M. Winner, and Andrew R. Barron. "The effect of siloxane spin-on-glass and reaction bonded silicon oxycarbide coatings with a self-propagating interfacial reaction treatment (ASPIRE) in the synthesis of carbon/graphite fiber-reinforced aluminum metal matrix composites." Journal of Materials Research 8, no. 12 (December 1993): 3192–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1993.3192.
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Carbon fibers were treated with siloxane spin-on-glass and reaction bonded silicon oxycarbide coatings. The spin-on-glass (SOG) coatings were prepared by pyrolyzing solutions of polymethylsilsesquioxane (PMSO), polydimethoxysilane (PDSO), and poly(ethoxysilane)ethyltitanate copolymer (ESET). Since the flexibility of the coatings was found to be dependent on the concentration of the siloxane solution, only those of PMSO and PDSO below 1.25% were determined to be suitable for fiber coatings, and an alternative approach to the formation of a pliable silicon-based ceramic coating on the fibers was developed. Carbon fiber tows were impregnated by ethanolic solutions of organosilicon chlorides and fired at temperatures up to 900 °C to form a flexible reaction bonded silicon oxycarbide (RB–SiOC) coatings. Uncoated, SOG coated, and RB–SiOC coated carbon fibers were embedded in aluminum metal at 1000 °C. While both silica-based coatings protected the carbon surface, no wetting was observed, leading to fiber pull-out. When the coated fibers were treated with a mixture of Ti and B prior to immersion into the molten aluminum, complete wetting of the fibers occurred. In the presence of molten aluminum, the Ti/B coating enabled the exothermic formation of TiB2 and titanium aluminides, which facilitate wetting. This reaction is termed ASPIRE (Aluminum Self-Propagating Interfacial Reaction) and in combination with silicon-based ceramic coatings provides a scientific approach to the formation of stable carbon fiber/aluminum metal-matrix composites. The coated fibers and composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) analysis, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).
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Lakomski, Mateusz, Grzegorz Tosik, and Przemyslaw Niedzielski. "Optical Fiber Sensor for PVC Sheet Piles Monitoring." Electronics 10, no. 13 (July 4, 2021): 1604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics10131604.
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This paper examined the impact of optical fiber sensor design, and its integration to PVC (polyvinyl chloride) sheet piles, on deflection and strain monitoring. Optical fiber sensors based on Brillouin light backscattering (BLS) were prepared, as they can provide accurate strain and deflection measurement results. However, depending on the application of sheet piles systems, high deformation of PVC elements can be observed. Therefore, a fiber sensor design is not trivial. Three types of optical fiber coatings and their integration with PVC sheet piles were investigated. The effect on the value of compressive and tensile strain were analyzed. It has been experimentally proven that PVC sheet piles monitoring, based on BLS method, can be realized using optical fibers with 250 µm, 900 µm, and 3 mm coating diameter. Achieved results are in line with theory. Correction coefficient necessary for 900 µm and 3 mm coatings has been proposed and used to ensure proper strain measurement. It was found that 250 µm coating fiber based sensors can be utilized for PVC strain measurement under low deflection (>1.2 m beam length). On the other hand, sensors based on 3 mm coating fiber, due to a high level of linearity, can be applied to deflection distance measurement under high deformation.
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Pan, Yan-Fei, Jin-Tian Huang, and Xin Wang. "Preparation and characterization of micro or nano cellulose fibers via electroless Ni-P composite coatings." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part N: Journal of Nanomaterials, Nanoengineering and Nanosystems 230, no. 4 (August 3, 2016): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1740349915590006.
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Ni-P composite coatings were prepared on cellulose fiber surface via a simple electroless Ni-P approach. The metal-coated extent, dispersion extent of micro or nano cellulose fibers and crystalline structure of Ni-P composite coatings were investigated. The homogeneous hollow composite coatings and metal-coated extent of micro or nano cellulose fibers were improved with the increase in ultrasonic power, and the ideal composite coatings were obtained as ultrasonic up to 960 W. The metallization for cellulose fibers enhanced the dispersion extent of micro or nano cellulose fibers. A uniform coating, consisting of the hollow coating on cellulose fibers surface, could be obtained. At the same time, metallization did not damage the original structure and surface functional groups of cellulose fibers. The concentration of cellulose fibers and ultrasonic power had a direct influence on the metal-coated extent of cellulose fiber surface. The metal-coated extent, dispersion extent of micro or nano cellulose fibers and crystalline structure of Ni-P composite coatings exhibited excellent properties as the concentration of cellulose fibers and ultrasonic power were 2 g/L and 960 W, respectively.
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Chen, Z. C., R. Kulkarni, Krish K. Chawla, M. Koopman, and Kazutaka Ikeda. "Processing and Microstructure of an All-Oxide Ceramic Composite." Materials Science Forum 475-479 (January 2005): 1301–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.475-479.1301.
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An all-oxide composite consisting of alumina fiber, alumina matrix, and barium zirconate interphase has been investigated. The barium zirconate interphase was applied on alumina fibers through coating via a sol-gel route. The incorporation of the coatings did not significantly influence the densification behavior of the composite under hot-pressing conditions. During the processing of the composite, the barium zirconate reacted in situ with alumina fiber and alumina matrix to form Ba-β-alumina platelets with an elongated morphology, which is propitious for crack deflection and thus toughness enhancement. The results reveal that it is possible to reduce fiber strength degradation by controlling the coating and densification processes.
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Bompadre, Francesca, Christina Scheffler, Toni Utech, and Jacopo Donnini. "Polymeric Coatings for AR-Glass Fibers in Cement-Based Matrices: Effect of Nanoclay on the Fiber-Matrix Interaction." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12 (June 13, 2021): 5484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125484.
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Polymeric coatings are widely used to enhance the load bearing capacity and chemical durability of alkali-resistant glass (AR-glass) textile in cement-based composites. The contact zone between coated yarns and concrete matrix plays a major role to enable the stress transfer and has still to be improved for the full exploitation of the mechanical behavior of the composite. As a new approach, this paper studies how the addition of nanoclay particles in the polymer coating formulation can increase the chemical bond between organic coating and inorganic matrix. This includes the description of the water-based coating preparation by dispersing sodium montmorillonites, whereby the resulting coating nanostructure is characterized by X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Single glass fibers were treated by dip-coating. Atomic force microscopy was used to determine the surface roughness, and the effect on the fiber tensile properties was studied. Moreover, the morphological and chemical characteristics of the coatings were compared with the results obtained from single fiber pull-out (SFPO) tests. It was shown that the incorporation of nanoclays leads to increased interfacial shear strength arising from the ability of nanoclay particles to nucleate hydration products in the fiber-matrix contact zone.
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Feng, Zufei, Haixiu Wang, Yangfan Hu, Qian Yang, Yiming Zou, Yingjuan Zhao, and Rong Yang. "Fabrication of Au Nanoparticles Coated Metal Fiber for the Solid-Phase Microextraction and Determination of Lamotrigine in Complex Matrixes." Science of Advanced Materials 14, no. 10 (October 1, 2022): 1558–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2022.4355.
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A solid phase microextraction fiber (SPME) with gold nanoparticles coatings (AuNPs) was prepared based on stainless-steel fiber by chemical deposition. In order to greatly increase the specific surface area of the stainless-steel fiber, the porous fiber were formed by hydrofluoric acid treatment and aqua regia-dopamine treatment after AuNPs coating. Thus, the porous gold coated SPME with large specific surface area, strong bonding and controllable thickness were prepared. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and elements analysis were used to characterize. Under the optimized conditions, the prepared fibers exhibited good precision, wide linear ranges, acceptable recoveries, and low limits of detection for lamotrigine. The results verified that this novel coating was a promising sorbent for extraction and trace analysis of lamotrigine in complex matrixes.
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Dorobantu, Dorel, Alin Jderu, Marius Enachescu, and Dominik Ziegler. "Fabrication of Optical Fibers with Multiple Coatings for Swelling-Based Chemical Sensing." Micromachines 12, no. 8 (August 10, 2021): 941. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12080941.
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We discuss distributed chemical sensing based on the swelling of coatings of optical fibers. Volume changes in the coating induce strain in the fiber’s glass core, provoking a local change in the refractive index which is detectable by distributed fiber optical sensing techniques. We describe methods to realize different coatings on a single fiber. Simultaneous detection of swelling processes all along the fiber opens the possibility to interrogate thousands of differently functionalized sections on a single fiber. Principal component analysis is used to enable sensors for environmental monitoring, food analysis, agriculture, water quality monitoring, or medical diagnostics.
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Liang, Sihan, Yingying Wang, Bernard Normand, Yingchun Xie, Junlei Tang, Hailong Zhang, Bing Lin, and Hongpeng Zheng. "Numerical and Experimental Investigations of Cold-Sprayed Basalt Fiber-Reinforced Metal Matrix Composite Coating." Materials 16, no. 5 (February 24, 2023): 1862. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16051862.
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The aluminum-basalt fiber composite coating was prepared for the first time with basalt fiber as the spraying material by cold-spraying technology. Hybrid deposition behavior was studied by numerical simulation based on Fluent and ABAQUS. The microstructure of the composite coating was observed on the as-sprayed, cross-sectional, and fracture surfaces by SEM, focusing on the deposited morphology of the reinforcing phase basalt fibers in the coating, the distribution of basalt fibers, and the interaction between basalt fibers and metallic aluminum. The results show that there are four main morphologies of the basalt fiber-reinforced phase, i.e., transverse cracking, brittle fracture, deformation, and bending in the coating. At the same time, there are two modes of contact between aluminum and basalt fibers. Firstly, the thermally softened aluminum envelops the basalt fibers, forming a seamless connection. Secondly, the aluminum that has not undergone the softening effect creates a closed space, with the basalt fibers securely trapped within it. Moreover, the Rockwell hardness test and the friction-wear test were conducted on Al–basalt fiber composite coating, and the results showed that the composite coating has high wear resistance and high hardness.
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Xu, Wendong, Guanglong Li, Yingdong Qu, Wei Zhang, Qiwen Zhou, Shan Zhou, Ruiming Su, and Rongde Li. "Preparation of tin coating on the surface of copper-coated carbon fiber and its effect on the microstructures and properties of the composite coating." Materials Research Express 8, no. 12 (December 1, 2021): 126520. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ac41a4.
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Abstract In order to prevent the copper coating on the carbon fiber surface from oxidizing and falling off, the tin coating is plated on the surface of copper-coated carbon fiber. In this paper, the copper-tin composite coating with different thicknesses of tin coatings were successfully prepared by electroless plating. The results show that with the increasing of electroless tin plating time, the thickness of the copper-tin composite coating increases. The test results of the bonding force between the composite coating and the carbon fiber show that the coating bonding force is the best when the thickness of composite coating is between 1.31 μm and 1.55 μm. This is due to the formation of copper-tin intermetallic compounds preventes direct contact between the copper coating and oxygen, which can effectively inhibit the oxidation of the copper plating layer, thereby making the plating layer less likely to fall off. However, the excessively thick tin coating would increase the internal stress of the coating, and promote the generation of cracks on the surface of the composite coating, which would cause the composite coating to fall off. This research will provide new ideas for the preparation of high-performance copper plating on the surface of carbon fiber, and provide an important theoretical and practical basis for the application of copper coatings.
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Heffelfinger, Jason R., Robert R. Kieschke, and C. Barry Carter. "Microanalysis and characterization of protective coatings used in metal-matrix composites." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 53 (August 13, 1995): 546–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s042482010013910x.
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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and parallel-aquistion electron-energy loss spectrometry (PEELS) have been used to investigate various coating schemes used in alumina-fiber reinforced titanium alloys. The high-temperature properties of metal-matrix composites (MMC's) depend greatly on the interface between the ceramic fiber and metal matrix. The chemical and mechanical properties of this interface may be tailored by coating the alumina fibers with various materials. In this work, emphasis has been placed on the chemical aspect of the coatings and their role in inhibiting the reaction between the alumina fiber and the titanium matrix. The brittle nature of the reaction products, Ti3Al and TiAl, weakens the composite and thus leads to its ultimate failure.The composites are made of α-alumina fibers (Nextel 610 with a mean diameter of ~12 mm) which are first coated with thin protective layers such as Y2O3 and Nb followed by a coating of β-titanium alloy (TIMETAL 21S Ti -15Mo -3A1 -2Nb -0.2Si.) Several thousand fibers are then placed together inside a glass tube and HIP-ped (Hot Isostatic Press) at temperatures of ~900°C and times of ~2 hours to attain a dense composite.
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Lin, Yuli, and Li-Jang Hwang. "Adhesion Strength of Cu-Ni Multilayered Coatings on Optical Fibers." Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (August 2001): 1240–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s143192760003227x.
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Optical fibers have been extensively employed in a variety of fields. However, the need of high strength, excellent resistance to moisture permeation and tolerance to heat becomes apparent when such optical fibers are used in nuclear power plants and chemical plants in particular. Plastic coatings as conventional made of optical fibers cables would be replaced by the optical fiber coated with layers of metals.The adhesion of coating to substrate is a critical property of any coating system for mechanical integrity and environmental protection of the substrate. For example, the corrosion protection of the metal coated optical fibers is highly depend on the adhesion of the coatings, if adhesion is poor, the extent of deterioration of the substrate by environmental factors (humidity, corrosive gases, etc.) is greatly accelerated. The durability and longevity of a coating required that its adhesion is to be maintained [1].
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Kim, Kyoung Jin. "Viscous Dissipation Effects on the Coating Resin Flow Characteristics in High-Speed Optical Fiber Coating Process." Key Engineering Materials 656-657 (July 2015): 496–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.656-657.496.
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Since the fiber drawing speed continues to increase in the modern mass manufacturing of optical fibers, the effects of viscous heating on the coating liquid flow could be significant in the capillary coating die of optical fiber coating applicator. Present study investigates the viscous coating resin flows in the micron-sized channel of coating die with temperature dependent viscosity. The computational results find the substantial temperature increase near the die wall and plug-like velocity distribution due to localized viscous heating. Also, final coating thickness is affected by the change of coating die diameter when the fiber drawing speed is high. Thus, the design of glass fiber coating process at high drawing speed requires careful consideration of several key operational parameters.
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Wenzelburger, Martin, Martin Silber, and Rainer Gadow. "Manufacturing of Light Metal Matrix Composites by Combined Thermal Spray and Semisolid Forming Process – Summary of the Current State of Technology." Key Engineering Materials 425 (January 2010): 217–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.425.217.
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The demand for lightweight structures in the automotive and aerospace industry increases permanently, and the importance of lightweight design principles is also increasing in other industrial branches, aiming towards improved energy efficiency and sustainability. Light metals are promising candidates to realize security relevant lightweight components because of their high specific strength; and amongst them, aluminum alloys are the most interesting materials due to their high plasticity and strain to failure, good processability, passivation in oxygen containing atmosphere, and low cost. However, for many applications, their stiffness as well as strength and fatigue behavior at elevated temperature are insufficient. Metal matrix composite (MMC) formation by integration of reinforcements in the form of continuous or discontinuous (short) fibers can yield a high increase in the alloys’ specific mechanical properties at room temperature and at elevated temperature. The integration of fibers with conventional manufacturing techniques like squeeze casting, hot pressing or diffusion bonding leads to restrictions in the component’s geometry. Moreover, these techniques result in elevated process costs mainly caused by long cycle times and the need of additional protective fiber coatings. In the present paper, an alternative method for the manufacturing of aluminum matrix composites is described, combining thermal spraying and semisolid forming (thixoforging) technologies for the formation of fiber prepregs and subsequent forming with simultaneous densification. Therefore, prepregs with the matrix alloy as a thick surface coating on the reinforcement fibers are manufactured in a fast, automated coating process, while reheating, densification and shaping are performed in a separate process, allowing an optimization of both processes towards cycle times and resulting material properties. Continuous fiber and short fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composites are manufactured using woven or parallel arranged continuous fibers, or short fibers as a fleece or fiber paper material. For the coating process, twin-wire electric arc spraying is applied as a well established, cost efficient thermal spray technology. The coating process is optimized towards microstructure of the matrix alloy prior to semisolid forming, which requires a globular alloy microstructure, and reduced fiber damage during the high-temperature liquid melt deposition. The thermally sprayed fine-grained matrix material enables semisolid forming at liquid contents of 40-60 vol% of the alloy, with short flow paths, reduced mechanical loads and short cycle times. Thus, limited fiber damage and residual stresses will occur, leading to good mechanical material properties. A production line for industrial-scale coating of fiber fabric coils in a continuous process is introduced in order to provide prepregs of various fiber-reinforcement materials and fiber architectures; moreover, a winding equipment for simultaneous fiber winding and coating is presented that enables local reinforcement for components with adapted, tailored composite material design.
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Jang, Jina, Haoyu Zhou, Jungbae Lee, Hakgae Kim, and Jung Bin In. "Heat Scanning for the Fabrication of Conductive Fibers." Polymers 13, no. 9 (April 26, 2021): 1405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13091405.
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Conductive fibers are essential building blocks for implementing various functionalities in a textile platform that is highly conformable to mechanical deformation. In this study, two major techniques were developed to fabricate silver-deposited conductive fibers. First, a droplet-coating method was adopted to coat a nylon fiber with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and silver nanowires (AgNWs). While conventional dip coating uses a large ink pool and thus wastes coating materials, droplet-coating uses minimal quantities of silver ink by translating a small ink droplet along the nylon fiber. Secondly, the silver-deposited fiber was annealed by similarly translating a tubular heater along the fiber to induce sintering of the AgNPs and AgNWs. This heat-scanning motion avoids excessive heating and subsequent thermal damage to the nylon fiber. The effects of heat-scanning time and heater power on the fiber conductance were systematically investigated. A conductive fiber with a resistance as low as ~2.8 Ω/cm (0.25 Ω/sq) can be produced. Finally, it was demonstrated that the conductive fibers can be applied in force sensors and flexible interconnectors.
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Zhu, Hai Yan, Ying Chen Zhang, Hong Yan Wu, and Y. P. Qiu. "Nano Effects of Oxygen-Plasma Treatment Nano-SiO2 Sol-Gel Coating T-300 Carbon Fiber." Materials Science Forum 610-613 (January 2009): 706–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.610-613.706.
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The purpose of the present work was to investigate the effects of oxygen-plasma treatment on tensile deformation of nano-SiO2 sol-gel coating T-300 carbon fiber (HONS3C) were studied and a new concept for the nano-structural interphase between fiber surface and nano-coating provided in the paper. The tensile test results showed that besides the enhanced ductility of T-300 carbon fibers by nano-SiO2 sol-gel coating the T-300 carbon fibers treated by oxygen-plasma, the activation volumes of T-300 carbon fibers untreated and treated with oxygen-plasma ranging from 681.9628 to 32342(nm)3 by following Eyring’s equation were important descriptors for the properties of the nano-structural interphase between fiber surface and nano-coating, From the results of SEM and FTIR, it was observed that the uniform dispersion of the nano-SiO2 coating of the T-300 carbon fibers treated by oxygen-plasma not only formed a protective layer to cover the fibers, but also introduced the activated functional groups on the fiber surfaces.
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LIN, TIESONG, and DECHANG JIA. "MECHANICAL PROPERTIES AND FRACTURE BEHAVIOR OF ELECTROLESS NI-PLATED SHORT CARBON FIBER REINFORCED GEOPOLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITES." International Journal of Modern Physics B 23, no. 06n07 (March 20, 2009): 1371–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979209060968.
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Electroless Ni -plated short carbon fiber reinforced geopolymer matrix composites with various carbon fiber/matrix interface coating thicknesses have been successfully fabricated. The influences of coating thickness on the mechanical properties and fracture behavior have been investigated by three-point bending test and scanning electron microscopy. The flexural strength and Young's modulus of Ni -plated short carbon fiber reinforced geopolymer composites exhibit maximums as the average fiber coating thickness increases, but the work of fracture has a sharp decrease, and the fracture manner changes from ductile to brittle. This is mainly attributed to the fact that the carbon fibers favor breakage rather than pulling-out during loading because of the higher interface bonding strength of fiber/matrix, and pliability of the carbon fibers decreases with the increase of the coating thickness.
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Gallyamova, Rida, Sergei Galyshev, Fanil Musin, and Vladimir Dokichev. "Thermal stability of the carbon fibers with SiO2 coating." MATEC Web of Conferences 298 (2019): 00090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929800090.
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This paper presents the results of a study of silicon dioxide coating deposited on the surface of carbon fiber by the sol-gel method. The effect of the viscosity of the prepared sol-gel solution and the oxidizing properties at elevated temperatures obtained by SiO2 coatings were studied. It was found that the kinematic viscosity of the sol-gel solution does not change for 72 hours. An increase in viscosity leads to the formation of colloidal particles, which degrades the quality of the coatings.Studies have shown that in the temperature range 600-800 °C, the quality of uncoated fibers degrade, but the SiO2 coating well protects the fiber surface and significantly slows down the rate of destruction.
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Xing, Chenyang, Reihaneh Etemadi, Krishna M. Pillai, Qian Wang, and Bo Wang. "Numerical Simulation on Thermal Stresses and Solidification Microstructure for Making Fiber-Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites." Materials 15, no. 12 (June 12, 2022): 4166. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15124166.
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The fabrication of fiber-reinforced metal matrix composites (MMCs) mainly consists of two stages: infiltration and solidification, which have a significant influence on the properties of MMCs. The present study is primarily focused on the simulation of the solidification process and the effect of the active cooling of fibers with and without nickel coating for making the continuous carbon fiber-reinforced aluminum matrix composites. The thermomechanical finite element model was established to investigate the effects of different cooling conditions on the temperature profile and thermal stress distributions based on the simplified physical model. The predicted results of the temperature distribution agree well with the results of the references. Additionally, a three-dimensional cellular automata (CA) finite element (FE) model is used to simulate the microstructure evolution of the solidification process by using ProCAST software. The results show that adding a nickel coating can make the heat flux smaller in the melt, which is favorable for preventing debonding at the coating/fiber and alloy interface and obtaining a finer microstructure. In the presence of the nickel coating, the number of grains increases significantly, and the average grain size decreases, which can improve the properties of the resultant composite materials. Meanwhile, the predicting results also show that the interfaces of fiber–coating, fiber–melt, and coating–melt experience higher temperature gradients and thermal stresses. These results will lead to the phenomenon of stress concentration and interface failure. Thus, it was demonstrated that these simulation methods could be helpful for studying the solidification of fiber-reinforced MMCs and reducing the number of trial-and-error experiments.
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Kim, Kyoung Jin, Ho Sang Kwak, and Jin Su Choi. "A Computational Investigation of Thermal Effects on Resin Coating Flows in an Optical Fiber Drawing System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (October 2011): 1080–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.1080.
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In manufacturing optical fibers, there has been intense research efforts of continually increasing fiber drawing speed to improve productivity. However, higher speed fiber drawing poses new challenge in many areas of optical fiber manufacturing. In this paper, thermal effects on coating resin flow in an unpressurized coating applicator are studied numerically. Present simulation results found that higher fiber drawing speed leads to severe viscous heating in coating resin flow and significant increase of resin temperature, which in turn leads to substantial viscosity decrease. These thermal effects profoundly alter the resin flow patterns and velocity profiles in the coating die and they should be considered in controlling the final coating thickness.
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Marcon, Leonardo, Antonella Chiuchiolo, Bernardo Castaldo, Hugues Bajas, Andrea Galtarossa, Marta Bajko, and Luca Palmieri. "The Characterization of Optical Fibers for Distributed Cryogenic Temperature Monitoring." Sensors 22, no. 11 (May 25, 2022): 4009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22114009.
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Thanks to their characteristics, optical fiber sensors are an ideal solution for sensing applications at cryogenic temperatures, such as the monitoring of superconducting devices. Their applicability at such temperatures, however, is not immediate as optical fibers exhibit a non-linear thermal response which becomes rapidly negligible below 50 K. A thorough analysis of such a response down to cryogenic temperatures then becomes necessary to correctly translate the optical interrogation readings into the actual fiber temperature. Moreover, to increase the fiber sensitivity down to a few kelvin, special coatings can be used. In this manuscript we described the thermal responses experimental characterization of four commercially available optical fiber samples with different polymeric coatings in the temperature range from 5 K to 300 K: two with acrylate coatings of different thickness, one with a polyimide coating and one with a polyether–ether–ketone (PEEK) coating. Multiple thermal cycles were performed consecutively to guarantee the quality of the results and a proper estimate of the sensitivity of the various samples. Finally, we experimentally validated the quality of the measured thermal responses by monitoring the cool down of a dummy superconducting link from room temperature to approximately 50 K using two fibers coated, respectively, in acrylate and PEEK. The temperatures measured with the fibers agreed and matched those obtained by standard electronic sensors, providing, at the same time, further insight in to the cool-down evolution along the cryostat.
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Jiménez, Miguel, Armaghan Samie, Rainer Gadow, Frank Kern, and Joachim Bill. "Siloxane Precursor-Based Protective Coatings for High Modulus Carbon Fibers in Ceramic Matrix Composites." Ceramics 1, no. 1 (July 26, 2018): 128–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ceramics1010011.
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Carbon fibers are outstanding reinforcements for ceramic components due to their excellent creep and long-term thermochemical and thermomechanical stability. Nevertheless, these properties are dramatically downgraded if the unprotected fibers are exposed to an oxidative or corrosive environment. Thin ceramic coatings can improve the corrosion resistance and tailor the fiber/matrix interface in order to achieve optimized stress transfer and damage tolerance. The continuous liquid phase coating (CLPC) technique with subsequent pyrolysis is a promising alternative to chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes. The possibility to deposit homogenous thin flaw-free coating layers on every filament of high tenacity carbon fiber bundles has been successfully proven in previous studies. In this work, high modulus carbon fibers were coated with different polysiloxane-based resins, and the obtained rovings were implemented in SiOC matrices by the precursor impregnation and pyrolysis (PIP) route. Thermogravimetric analysis shows an increased oxidation resistance of the coated fibers compared with reference samples. Enhanced fiber/matrix interface strength further improved the mechanical performance of the fabricated composites.
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Zhong, Wensheng, Shilin Hu, Manyuan Wu, Bichen Xiong, Qiaowen Liu, Qingqing Jia, Yaming Liu, and Hongwei Liao. "Robust Superhydrophobic Coating with Mullite Fiber Framework." Coatings 12, no. 7 (July 21, 2022): 1037. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12071037.
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Superhydrophobic surfaces have received increasing attention due to their excellent water repellency, but the fragile stability of superhydrophobic coatings has been a huge hindrance to their applications. In this work, we constructed a layer of mullite fibers on the surface of a ceramic substrate using high-temperature molten salt. Then, we obtained a superhydrophobic surface with a contact angle greater than 150° via soaking the sample with an alcoholic sol containing modified particles. On the one hand, this interlaced three-dimensional fiber structure increases the surface area and roughness, providing more locations for attaching superhydrophobic particles, as well as improving the water repellency. On the other hand, this fiber layer has a height difference, which protects the superhydrophobic particles attached at lower positions, and when an external object contacts the surface, it gives priority to the stable mullite fibers, reducing the direct contact between superhydrophobic particles and external objects and improving the stability of the superhydrophobic coating. After abrasion with sandpaper, the sample with the mullite fiber layer showed excellent stability compared to the samples without the fiber layer, indicating the significant protective effect of the fiber layer. This paper provides a potential method to enhance the stability of superhydrophobic ceramic surfaces.
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McCabe, Kenneth G., James A. Schrader, Samy Madbouly, David Grewell, and William R. Graves. "Evaluation of Biopolymer-coated Fiber Containers for Container-grown Plants." HortTechnology 24, no. 4 (August 2014): 439–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.24.4.439.
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Biocontainers made of coconut coir, paper, peat, wood, or other natural fibers are considered sustainable alternatives to containers made of petroleum-based plastics, but growers’ acceptance and use of fiber containers have been limited by their comparatively high cost, low strength and durability, and poor water-use efficiency (WUE). We hypothesized that coating fiber containers with biopolymers would improve their strength, durability, and WUE during plant production. We compared the effectiveness of fiber containers of coir, paper, and wood that were either uncoated or coated with one of four biopolymers [polyamide (PA), polylactic acid (PLA), polyurethane (PU), or tung oil (TO)], peat-fiber containers that were uncoated, and injection-molded containers made of petroleum-based plastic. Ease of coating was assessed, along with the cost and strength of containers, their effectiveness during greenhouse production of ‘Honeycomb’ marigold (Tagetes patula), ‘Autumn Bell’ pepper (Capisicum annuum), ‘Madness Red’ petunia (Petunia ×hybrida), ‘St. John’s Fire’ salvia (Salvia splendens), and ‘Rutgers’ tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), and their WUE during production of salvia and tomato. Castor oil-based PU was the least expensive biopolymer coating and was easy to apply as a water-based dispersion. The other biopolymers required a hazardous and costly organic solvent (e.g., chloroform). Coatings of PA, PLA, and PU increased container strength and durability, and improved WUE during plant production. Coated paper-fiber containers resisted horizontal compression better than petroleum-plastic containers. Greenhouse-grown plants in containers coated with PA, PLA, or PU were larger and rated healthier and of better quality than plants grown in uncoated or TO-coated fiber containers. Plants grown in paper- and coir-fiber containers coated with PA, PLA, or PU were similar in health and size to plants grown in petroleum-plastic containers. Two coatings of PU on paper-fiber containers resulted in WUE similar to that of petroleum-plastic containers for both 4- to 5-inch and gallon sizes. Coating fiber containers with biopolymers slowed, but did not halt, their degradation in soil, indicating that decomposition in soil may be a suitable end-of-life option for biopolymer-coated fiber containers. Our results support the hypothesis that coating fiber containers with biopolymers can improve their effectiveness for crop production, while maintaining an improvement in sustainability over petroleum plastic. Paper-fiber containers coated with PU showed particular promise and were similar in material cost and performance to containers made of petroleum-based plastic.
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Ahmad, Zuliahani, Hasniraaiman, Munirah Onn, Ahmad Faiza Mohamad, Muhamad Adib Ikhwan, and Nurul Fatehah. "Various Size of Glass Fiber Treated Silane Coupling Agent in Epoxy Primer Coating: Corrosion Behaviour." Materials Science Forum 947 (March 2019): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.947.137.
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The epoxy primer coatings with various size of treated glass fiber was successfully developed using hand brushing technique on carbon steel plate. The glass fibers used were treated with silane coupling agent, 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane. The Fourier Transform-Infared Spectroscopy (FTIR) affirmed the presence of silanol group at 1221.12cm-1 .Hence, the primer coating was prepared with three different sizes of treated glass fiber (45, 150, and 250 μm) and the corrosive properties has been studied. The corrosion rate was determined using Tafel plot and the immersion test was done in 3.5% NaCl and sea water for 9 days. Formulation of epoxy resin-GF-45μm displayed the optimum size to reduce the corrosion rate of epoxy primer coatings at 8.3713 mm/year and polarization resistance was the highest at 107.48Ω which indicates that epoxy coating have higher resistance towards corrosion, coating adherence and there was formation of more protective film on steel.Whilst immersion in 3.5% NaCl solution and sea water followed the same trend with 45 μm exhibited the less corrosive behavior for 9 days exposure. When the solution penetrated into the coating, the ultra-short glass fibers prevent the water from permeating and prolong the water diffusion path. Thus, it provided good anti-corrosive properties for formulation 2 at 45μm GF. In conclusion, the size of GF plays an important role in determining the corrosive behavior of epoxy primer coatings. The optimum size of GF at 45 μm proved to diminish the corrosiveness of carbon steel plate.
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Neluyb, Vladimir A., Galina V. Malysheva, and Ivan A. Komarov. "New Technologies for Producing Multifunctional Reinforced Carbon Plastics." Materials Science Forum 1037 (July 6, 2021): 196–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1037.196.
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In this article we investigated properties of elementary carbon fibers after their activation and subsequent deposition of thin layers of metal coatings on their surface. For deposition we used copper, titanium and stainless steel. We investigated influence of various technologies of preliminary processing of the fiber surface on the value of the adhesion strength of the metal coating to the carbon tape and on the mechanical properties of elementary fibers. We established that the strength of carbon plastics at interlayer shear increases by 10-30% when using carbon tapes and fabrics with a metal coating.
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Bremer, Kort, Lourdes S. M. Alwis, Yulong Zheng, Frank Weigand, Michael Kuhne, Reinhard Helbig, and Bernhard Roth. "Durability of Functionalized Carbon Structures with Optical Fiber Sensors in a Highly Alkaline Concrete Environment." Applied Sciences 9, no. 12 (June 18, 2019): 2476. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9122476.
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The paper presents an investigation into the durability of functionalized carbon structures (FCS) in a highly alkaline concrete environment. First, the suitability of optical fibers with different coatings—i.e., acrylate, polyimide, or carbon—for the FCS was investigated by subjecting fibers with different coatings to micro/macro bending and a 5% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) (pH 14) solution. Then, the complete FCS was also subjected to a 5% NaOH solution. Finally, the effects of spatial variation of the fiber embedded in the FCS and the bonding strength between the fiber and FCS was evaluated using different configurations —i.e., fiber integrated into FCS in a straight line and/or with offsets. All three coatings passed the micro/macro bending tests and show degradation after alkaline exposure, with the carbon coating showing least degradation. The FCS showed relative stability after exposure to 5% NaOH. The optimum bonding length between the optical fiber and the carbon filament was found to be ≥150 mm for adequate sensitivity.
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Bulatov, M. I., A. A. Shatsov, N. S. Grigoryev, and N. A. Malkov. "Crack resistance, strength and dynamic fatigue of quartz fibers with copper coatings." Izvestiya vuzov. Poroshkovaya metallurgiya i funktsional’nye pokrytiya, no. 1 (March 24, 2022): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/1997-308x-2022-1-57-65.
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Metallized coatings can significantly improve the operational properties of quartz fibers. The research was conducted to determine the crack resistance, strength and dynamic fatigue of optical fibers without any coating and with copper coatings. The microhardness of quartz fibers was measured by the diamond indentation of end surfaces. The stress intensity parameter K1c was found from the A. Niihara semi-empirical dependence. The geometry of indentation and radial cracks was studied using a scanning electron microscope. The crack resistance of uncoated quartz turned out to be almost 3 times less as compared to the copper coating fiber, which is presumably due to the additive contribution of compressive stresses on fiber surfaces and quartz wetting with copper. Copper-coated optical fiber drawing increases the tensile strength, crack resistance and dynamic fatigue parameter, and it is the main resource for maintaining operation in the conditions of a statistical approach to structural strength. Comparative tests were conducted to check the optical fiber strength by two-point bending and axial tension methods. Experimental tests conducted to check the ultimate mechanical strength of quartz optical fibers showed a significant spread of data, which indicates the presence of cracks of various sizes in a brittle solid and is a characteristic feature of brittle fracture as suggested by the A. Griffiths theory. In addition, it was assumed that the chaotic distribution of defects and microcracks extends along the entire length of a brittle solid, a quartz optical fiber in this case. A statistical model based on the Weibull distribution was used to describe surface microcracks depending on the fiber length. As a result, Weibull graphs were plotted in coordinates connecting the probability of failure with the strength, fiber length and parameter describing the ultimate strength.
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Zhao, Yu Hong, Jia Chen Liu, Shun Li, and Yi Rong Liu. "Coating Nano-TiO2 on Optical Fiber with Al(H2PO4)3 Adhesive." Key Engineering Materials 280-283 (February 2007): 485–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.280-283.485.
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To meet the need of optical fiber photoreactor designed by mechanism of TiO2 photocatalysis, nanometer TiO2 was coated on the surface of optical fiber by dipping nude fibers into an Al(H2PO4)3-contained TiO2 slurry. Effects of slurry conditions, including content of TiO2 and addition of Al(H2PO4)3 adhesive, on coating thickness and quality were determined. Coating process, especially the effect of coating times, was also concerned. Based on the experimental results, fitting slurry conditions and process parameters were suggested for obtaining high-quality TiO2 coating on optical fiber surface.
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Milutinovic-Nikolic, Aleksandra, Nadezda Talijan, and Radoslav Aleksic. "Modeling of coating optical fibers with polymer-magnetic powder composite coating." Science of Sintering 34, no. 2 (2002): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sos0202175m.
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A mathematical model of forming a composite coating on optical fiber was established. The model is based on existing mathematical models for coating optical fibers with polymer coating and experimentally defined rheological behavior of the investigated dispersed system. The model was developed for a dispersed system consisting of poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) - EVA in a form of toluene solution and powders of magnetic materials (BaFe12O19 and SmCo5). The influence of the die diameter, diameter of the original optical fiber, concentration of EVA and magnetic powders on the thickness of composite coating was investigated. The model shows good agreement with experimental data.
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Monteiro, Catarina S., Maria Raposo, Paulo A. Ribeiro, Susana O. Silva, and Orlando Frazão. "Tuning of Fiber Optic Surface Reflectivity through Graphene Oxide-Based Layer-by-Layer Film Coatings." Photonics 7, no. 1 (January 18, 2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics7010011.
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The use of graphene oxide-based coatings on optical fibers are investigated, aiming to tune the reflectivity of optical fiber surfaces for use in precision sensing devices. Graphene oxide (GO) layers are successfully deposited onto optical fiber ends, either in cleaved or hollow microspheres, by mounting combined bilayers of polyethylenimine (PEI) and GO layers using the Layer-by-Layer (LbL) technique. The reflectivity of optical fibers coated with graphene oxide layers is investigated for the telecom region allowing to both monitor layer growth kinetics and cavity characterization. Tunable reflective surfaces are successfully attained in both cleaved optical fibers and hollow microsphere fiber-based sensors by simply coating them with PEI/GO layers through the LbL film technique.
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Gallyamova, R. F., S. N. Galyshev, F. F. Musin, A. G. Badamshin, and V. A. Dokichev. "Investigation of Protective Coatings for Carbon Fibers by the Sol-Gel Method." Solid State Phenomena 284 (October 2018): 1242–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.284.1242.
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The article shows the possibility of applying a silicon dioxide coating on the carbon fiber by the sol-gel method. The evaluation of the protective properties of the obtained coatings at a temperature of 600 ° C is given; the changing of the a coated fiber surface morphology during the destruction process is shown for the first time. The destruction of the carbon fiber surface without coating begins at a soaking time of 120 min, which is accompanied by a significant decrease in the diameter of the fiber. The destruction of the coated carbon fiber surface begins at a soaking time of 360 minutes, the fiber diameter changes insignificantly. The paper shows that the sol-gel coatings slow down the oxidation of the carbon fiber more than 2 times.
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Paek, U. C. "Free Drawing and Polymer Coating of Silica Glass Optical Fibers." Journal of Heat Transfer 121, no. 4 (November 1, 1999): 774–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2826066.
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The paper is primarily to highlight the current issues concerning fiber drawing and coating. The main emphasis is on high-volume production of silica-based optical fibers by using a large preform and a high-speed drawing. The commercial application of these processes has led to increasing the productivity in fiber manufacturing and resulted in a low cost of produced fibers. In order to systematically address the problems associated with the fiber manufacturing process, the fiber drawing system was divided into three major functional sections: heating, cooling, and coating zones. The governing equations at each section were formulated to describe the process mechanics and to identify the key control parameters for drawing and coating. These process parameters are the basic elements of implementing a streamline production system of optical fibers.
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Zhou, Qing, Shao Ming Dong, Xiang Yu Zhang, Yu Sheng Ding, Zheng Ren Huang, and Dong Liang Jiang. "Synthesis of the Fiber Coating by FP-CVI Process." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 1307–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.1307.
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To obtain high performance ceramic matrix composites (CMCs), fiber coatings are often fabricated as the interphase between fiber and matrix. The SiC coating was synthesized at low temperature and reduced pressure in the present experiment. SiC was derived from a gaseous methyltrichlorosilane (MTS)/H2 precursor by chemical vapor infiltration (CVI). The thickness of the coating was inspected by SEM. The correlation between the coating thickness and the depositing conditions, i.e. the deposition temperature, the pressure, the deposition time per pulse and the pulse number were investigated. Based on these work, the C/SiC double-layer coating was fabricated.
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Subramanian, R. V., and Eric A. Nyberg. "Zirconia and organotitanate film formation on graphite fiber reinforcement for metal matrix composites." Journal of Materials Research 7, no. 3 (March 1992): 677–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1992.0677.
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The formation and characterization of zirconia coatings on graphite/carbon filaments were investigated. The objective was to eliminate or minimize degradative chemical reactions and improve bonding at the metal/carbon-fiber interface when the coated fiber is used as reinforcement in metal matrix composites. Thin, homogeneous films of zirconium oxide, ZrO2, less than 1μm thick, were formed on carbon monofilaments (35 μm diameter) from a zirconium oxychloride solution in water (less than 1.0 wt. % ZrO2) by dip coating and heating. Chemical changes during thermal decomposition and polycondensation were examined by FTIR spectroscopy. Through dynamic x-ray diffraction tests, the zirconia coating was found to transform first to a metastable tetragonal phase on heating to 330 °C, and then upon cooling, to a stable monoclinic structure. Organotitanate coatings were formed by electrodeposition of the ionizable organometallic complex, titanium di(dioctylpyrophosphate) oxyacetate (TDPA). Single fiber tests revealed a slight reduction in the strength of fibers with thicker coatings, probably due to crack initiation by brittle fracture of the ZrO2 coating. Thin coatings applied from 0.25% ZrOCl2 did not cause such strength reduction. Effective bonding of ZrO2 coatings to the filaments was revealed in single filament composite tests which showed the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) of the coated filaments in an epoxy matrix to be higher than that of the uncoated filaments. The IFSS of monofilaments electrocoated by the titanate was also higher. Examination of the fracture surfaces showed fiber pull-out associated with poor bonding in the case of specimens prepared from uncoated monofilaments. The coated monofilaments showed no fiber pull-out, suggesting that maximum fiber strength was achieved and transferred through the interface to the matrix. Finally, the chemical and thermal stability of the interfacial region of coated and uncoated graphite rods embedded in an aluminum matrix were evaluated. The uncoated rod showed little or no interfacial bonding to the metal matrix, suggesting poor wetting, while the dip-coated and electrocoated rods showed good wetting and compatibility with the metal matrix.
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Rastogi, Vibhore K., and Pieter Samyn. "Compression Molding of Polyhydroxybutyrate Nano-Composite Films as Coating on Paper Substrates." Materials Proceedings 2, no. 1 (April 20, 2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ciwc2020-06797.
Full textAbstract:
After successful preparation of master batch formulations including polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) and fibrillated cellulose, the compositions of PHB with different types and concentrations of fillers were used for the deposition of a coating on packaging paper grades, by using compression molding technique in a hydraulic press. The resulting paper coatings are demonstrated to provide a green solution for the production of protective barrier layer films with tunable hydrophobicity and oxygen barrier resistance. The processing of the nanocomposites into flat and homogeneous coatings was optimized for different conditions of molding temperature and times, in particular, the flow conditions of the coating under pressing in contact with the paper substrate strongly depends on the presence of fillers. The effects of filler types on adhesion of the coating at the paper/polymer interface were investigated and the poor adhesion of native PHB coatings was improved after hydrophobic surface modification of the nanocellulose fillers. Under compression molding, the unique inclusion styrene-maleimide nanoparticles with encapsulated wax attached to the nanocellulose fiber surface enhanced the flowing properties of the coating by eliminating fiber agglomeration in contact with the paper substrate and reducing the effects of fiber pull outs. Therefore, hydrophobic fiber modification and the role of wax as a lubricant is necessary to obtain a homogenous dispersion during compressing molding of coating materials for papers.