Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fiber

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Fiber'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Fiber"

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Mishra, Shivam. "Application of Carbon Fibers in Construction." Journal of Mechanical and Construction Engineering (JMCE) 2, no. 2 (2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.54060/jmce.v2i2.20.

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Carbon fibers (also known as graphite fibers) are high-performance fibers, about five to ten micrometers in diameter, composed mainly of carbon, with high tensile strength. Plus, they are extremely strong with respect to their size. They have high elastic modulus in comparison with glass fiber. According to the working period, carbon fibre-reinforced polymers possess more potential than those with glass fiber. However, they are relatively expensive as compared to similar fibers, such as glass fiber, basalt fiber, or plastic fiber. Its high quality, lightweight, and imperviousness to erosion, make it a perfect strengthening material. Carbon fibre-reinforced composite materials are used to make aircraft parts, golf club shafts, bike outlines, angling bars, car springs, sailboat masts, and sev-eral different segments which need to have less weight and high quality.
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Gadgihalli, Vishal, Ramya, Sindu Shankar, Raghavendra Prasad Dinakar, and Babitha Rani. "ANALYSIS OF PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE USING NYLON FIBER AS FIBER REIGNFORCEMENT ADMIXTURE." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 4RASM (April 30, 2017): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i4rasm.2017.3371.

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As building industry evolves, stronger more durable and increasingly specialized products are in demand fiber reinforcement took an important role, fiber reinforcement to meet requirement changed with material composition and patterns such as fiber mesh, micro fibers, macro fibers, etc. In this paper analysis of properties of concrete using nylon fiber as fibre reinforcement admixture is studied and verified the strength of concrete to the normal Portland cement. Using nylon fiber the compressive strength and flexural of concrete has increased to very limited extend. As the friction between concrete and nylon fiber is very less, so it gives very less interlocking between concrete.
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Zaleha, M., M. Shahruddin, and I. Maizlinda Izwana. "A Review on the Mechanical and Physical Properties of Natural Fiber Composites." Applied Mechanics and Materials 229-231 (November 2012): 276–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.229-231.276.

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Research on the use of natural fibers as replacement to man-made fibre in fiber reinforced composites have received more interest and opened up further industrial possibilities. Natural fibre presents many advantages compared to synthetic fibers which make them attractive as reinforcements in composite material. They come from abundant and renewable resources, which ensures a continuous fibre supply and a significant material cost saving to the plastics, automotive and packaging industries. The paper reviews the previous and current research works published in the field of natural fiber reinforced composite material with special reference in mechanical properties of the natural fiber reinforced composite.
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Klyuev, Sergey V., T. A. Khezhev, Yu V. Pukharenko, and A. V. Klyuev. "To the Question of Fiber Reinforcement of Concrete." Materials Science Forum 945 (February 2019): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.945.25.

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The question of adhesion of fibers with a cement matrix is considered. Under certain conditions the fibers connect and hold the places of potential breaks. The important characteristics of fibre fibers are: surface texture, cross-sectional shape and construction in the longitudinal direction of the fiber. A sufficient number of fibre fibers located in the direction of the acting force can take the tensile force after the rupture of the matrix. The question of the fiber content in the percentage of the volume, which is sufficient to increase the strength, is considered. The properties of the finished concrete mixture and the adhesion of the fiber and the concrete matrix depend on the parameters. As a rule, there is a poor adhesion of smooth steel fibers in the cement stone.
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Shoaib, Mohd. "A Review: “Experimental Study on Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Using flat Crimped & Round Crimped Type Steel Fiber.”." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 6 (June 30, 2022): 2813–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.44472.

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Abstract: Steel Fibre Reinforced Concretes are characterized by high tensile and flexural strengths and high ductility, as well as by a high compressive strength and a very good workability. Ductility and strength of concrete can be improved at lower fiber contents, where fibers are used in combination rather than reinforcement with a single type of fiber. Durability problems concerning one type of fiber may be offset with the presence of a second type of fiber. Steel Fiber is added by 1% volume of concrete. The different concrete mixesalong with control mix proportions as 100% round crimped type fiber, 50% round crimped type fiber -50% flat crimped type fiber and 100% flat crimped type fiber. Two types of crimped steel fiber i.e. round crimped type steel fiber and flat crimped steel fiber are used of length having 50mm. An extensive experimental investigation consisting of 12 specimen of size 50 x 10 x 10cm for determining flexural strength, 12 specimen for compressive strength and 12 specimen for split end test are used.In the experiment, an combination of steel fibre with concrete is used, which improved various mechanical properties and the strength. This review study is a trial of givingsome highlights for inclusion of steel fibers especially in terms of using them with new mix ratio combinations with concrete.
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Gadgihalli, Vishal, Meena, Sindu, and Raghavendra Prasad Dinakar. "ANALYSIS OF PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE USING STEEL FIBERS AS FIBER REINFORCEMENT ADMIXTURE." International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, no. 4RASM (April 30, 2017): 59–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i4rasm.2017.3370.

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Fiber reinforced concrete is composite material consisting of mixtures of cement, mortar or concrete, discontinuous discrete uniform dispersed suitable fibers. Fiber reinforced concrete are of different types and properties. In this paper analysis of properties of concrete using steel fibre as fiber reinforcement admixture is studied and verified the strength of concrete to normal plane concrete with absence of admixtures. Using steel fibers as fiber reinforcement admixture increases bond strength by enhancing surface tension as steel is better in taking flexural strength this gives better results, hence we can use this steel fiber reinforcement to concrete where the compressive and flexural strength place a crucial role in construction and maintenance.
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Velloso, Raquel Q., Michéle D. T. Casagrande, Eurípedes A. V. Junior, and Nilo C. Consoli. "Simulation of the Mechanical Behavior of Fiber Reinforced Sand using the Discrete Element Method." Soils and Rocks 35, no. 2 (May 1, 2012): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.28927/sr.352201.

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The general characteristics of granular soils reinforced with fibres have been reported in previous studies and have shown that fibre inclusion provides an increase in material strength and ductility and that the composite behaviour is governed by fibre content, as well as the mechanical and geometrical properties of the fibre. The present work presents a numerical procedure to incorporate fiber elements into an existing discrete element code (GeoDEM). The fiber elements are represented by linear elastic-plastic segments that connect two neighbor contacts where the fiber is located. These elements are characterized by an axial stiffness, tensile strength and length. The effect of the addition of fibers was evaluated numerically by comparing the stress-strain behavior of a pure sand with and without fibers. These simulations showed that the addition of fibers provides a significant increase in strength for the mixture in comparison with strength of the pure sand.
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Dabi, Gosa Guta, Yeshi Tadesse Wakjira, Hermela Ejegu Feysa, and wondwossen Mamuye Abebe. "Development and characterization of laminated fiber reinforced bio-Composite From nettle and poly lactic acid fiber." Journal of Industrial Textiles 52 (August 2022): 152808372211180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15280837221118064.

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Nettle and Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) fibers are the strongest and best fibers with valuable potential as reinforcement in a composite. In this study, the development and characterization of a multi-layered laminated fibre reinforced bio-composite from nettle and PLA fiber were performed. Prior to molding, the nettle fibers were treated with chemicals such as Alkali and silane and the influence of chemical treatment on the property of nettle fibers were investigated. The characteristics of raw and chemically treated nettle fibers were investigated through chemical composition analysis, mechanical properties, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and water sorption test. Furthermore physical and mechanical properties of the nettle/PLA bio-composite have been analyzed. Twenty (20) samples of treated and untreated nettle fiber and five samples of nettle/PLA fiber reinforcement bio-composites were tested and the results were averaged for comparison with one another. Based on the results obtained, the treated fiber improves tensile strength, has a more uniform and smaller diameter, a clean surface, and has a good appearance compared to untreated fiber. Laminated bio-composites were found to increase initially with the increase of nettle fiber content till 50 weight % and decrease afterwards. Generally, the bio-composite prepared with an equal weight proportion of nettle and poly lactic acid fiber obtained better mechanical properties and tensile strength. Water sorption test results showed that water uptake ability of treated nettle fibers were lower than raw nettle fibers.
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Yu, Chongwen, Weiying Tao, and Timothy A. Calamari. "Treatment and Characterization of Kenaf for Nonwoven and Woven Applications." International Nonwovens Journal os-9, no. 4 (December 2000): 1558925000OS—90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925000os-900409.

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A kenaf bast fiber is comprised of a bundle of single fibers bound by lignin and pectins. It offers the advantages of being renewable, biodegradable and environmentally safe. However, it is difficult to process kenaf fibers because of the coarseness, stiffness and low cohesion of the fiber bundles. In this research, kenaf fiber bundles have been treated by both alkaline sulfide and a modified chemical degumming methods to improve fiber properties. Tensile properties, fineness, length and softness of the kenaf fiber bundles after the treatments were determined. It was found that both treatments improved the fiber fineness, softness and elongation; however, fiber bundle strength was decreased. The modified chemical degumming method was more effective. Under the optimum modified chemical degumming condition, the fineness of the kenaf fiber bundle was improved more than 50% and the fiber bundle was more than twice as soft as the raw material. These kenaf fiber bundles were much finer and softer and found to be easier to process than those obtained in earlier studies. The treated kenaf fiber bundles can be blended with cotton fibers and easily carded on a cotton card with minimum losses. The carded batts can be further processed for either nonwoven or woven applications.
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Hinchliffe, Doug J., Gregory N. Thyssen, Brian D. Condon, Linghe Zeng, Rebecca J. Hron, Crista A. Madison, Johnie N. Jenkins, Jack C. McCarty, Christopher D. Delhom, and Ruixiu Sui. "Interrelationships between cotton fiber quality traits and tensile properties of hydroentangled nonwoven fabrics." Journal of Industrial Textiles 53 (January 2023): 152808372311713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/15280837231171312.

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Cotton fibers can be used to produce nonwovens suitable for numerous single use applications including hygiene, wipes, and medical products among others. Cotton comprises a relatively small amount of total raw materials used in nonwovens production compared to the synthetic fibers of polyester and polypropylene, but the use of cotton fibers in nonwovens continues to increase due to demand for disposable products containing natural, sustainable, and biodegradable materials. However, the relationship between cotton fiber classification measurements and nonwoven fabric physical and functional properties are not well characterized. A better understanding of the effects of cotton fiber properties on nonwovens fabric properties will facilitate fiber selection for specific end-use applications. In this study, cotton fibers with broad distributions of fiber quality measurements from 10 recombinant inbred lines of a multi parent advanced generation intercross multiparent advanced generation intercross population were harvested and processed in their greige state into hydroentangled nonwoven fabrics of two distinct basis weights. Tensile testing of lightweight nonwovens indicated fiber length and tensile strength at break were positively correlated with fabric strength, whereas micronaire (air permeability of a fiber bundle) was negatively correlated indicating finer fibers contributed to increased fabric strength. Increased strength of heavyweight fabrics was mainly correlated with higher fiber uniformity index. These results suggest that cotton fibers could be selectively sourced based on fiber quality for specific nonwoven applications and establishes alternative market opportunities for cotton fibers classified as inferior and subject to discount pricing in the woven textile market.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fiber"

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MURA, EMANUELE. "PHOPSHATE OPTICAL FIBERS FOR IR FIBER LASERS." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2544536.

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Paye, Corey. "An Analysis of W-fibers and W-type Fiber Polarizers." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32474.

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Optical fibers provide the means for transmitting large amounts of data from one place to another and are used in high precision sensors. It is important to have a good understanding of the fundamental properties of these devices to continue to improve their applications. A specially type of optical fiber known as a W-fiber has some desirable properties and unique characteristics not found in matched-cladding fibers. A properly designed W- fiber supports a fundamental mode with a finite cutoff wavelength. At discrete wavelengths longer than cutoff, the fundamental mode experiences large amounts of loss. The mechanism for loss can be described in terms of interaction between the fiberâ ¢s supermodes and the lossy interface at the fiberâ ¢s surface. Experiments and computer simulations support this model of W-fibers. The property of a finite cutoff wavelength can be used to develop various fiber devices. Under consideration here is the fiber polarizer. The fiber polarizer produces an output that is linearly polarized along one of the fiberâ ¢s principal axes. Some of the polarizer properties can be understood from the study of W-fibers.
Master of Science
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Polley, Arup. "High performance multimode fiber systems a comprehensive approach /." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/31699.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2009.
Committee Chair: Ralph, Stephen; Committee Member: Barry, John; Committee Member: Chang, G. K.; Committee Member: Cressler, John D.; Committee Member: Trebino. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.
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Rugeland, Patrik. "Applications of monolithic fiber interferometers and actively controlled fibers." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Laserfysik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-118750.

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The objective of this thesis was to develop applications of monolithic fiber devices and actively controlled fibers. A special twin-core fiber known as a ‘Gemini’ fiber was used to construct equal arm-length fiber interferometers, impervious to temperature and mechanical perturbations. A broadband add/drop multiplexer was constructed by inscribing fiber Bragg gratings in the arms of a Gemini Mach-Zehnder interferometer. A broadband interferometric nanosecond switch was constructed from a micro-structured Gemini fiber with incorporated metal electrodes. Additionally, a Michelson fiber interferometer was built from an asymmetric twin-core fiber and used as a high-temperature sensor. While the device could be readily used to measure temperatures below 300 °C, an annealing process was required to extend the range up to 700 °C. The work included development, construction and evaluation of the components along with numerical simulations to estimate their behaviors and to understand the underlying processes. The thesis also explored the use of electrically controlled fibers for filtering in the microwave domain. An ultra-narrow phase-shifted fiber Bragg grating inscribed in a fiber with internal electrodes was used as a scanning filter to measure modulation frequencies applied to an optical carrier. A similar grating was used inside a dual-wavelength fiber laser cavity, to generated tunable microwave beat frequencies. The studied monolithic fiber interferometers and actively controlled fibers provide excellent building blocks in such varied field as in microwave photonics, telecommunications, sensors, and high-speed switching, and will allow for further applications in the future.
Syftet med denna avhandling var att utveckla tillämpningar av monolitiska fiber komponenter samt aktivt kontrollerbara fiber. En speciell tvillingkärnefiber, även kallad ’Geminifiber’ användes för att konstruera fiber interferometrar med identisk armlängd som ej påverkas av termiska och mekaniska variationer. En bredbanding utbytarmultiplexor konstruerades genom att skriva in fiber Bragg gitter inuti grenarna på en Gemini Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Geminifibrer med interna metallelektroder användes för att konstruera en bredbandig nanosekundsnabb interferometrisk fiberomkopplare. Därtill användes en tvillingkärnefiber som en hög-temperatursensor. Även om komponenten direkt kan användas upp till 300 °C, måste den värmebehandlas för att kunna användas upp till 700 °C. Arbetet har innefattat utveckling, konstruktion och utvärdering av komponenterna parallellt med numeriska simuleringar för att analysera deras beteenden samt få insikt om de underliggande fysikaliska processerna. Avhandlingen behandlar även tillämpningar av en elektriskt styrbar fiber för att filtrera radiofrekvenser. Ett ultrasmalt fasskiftat fiber Bragg gitter skrevs in i en fiber med interna elektroder och användes som ett svepande filter för att mäta modulationsfrekvensen på en optisk bärfrekvens. Ett liknande gitter användes inuti en laserkavitet för att generera två olika våglängder samtidigt. Dessa två våglängder användes sedan för att generera en svävningsfrekvens i mikrovågsbandet. De undersökta monolitiska fiberinterferometrarna och de aktivt styrbara fibrerna erbjuder en utmärkt byggsten inom så pass skiljda områden som Mikrovågsfotonik, Telekommunikation, Sensorer samt Höghastighets-omkopplare och bör kunna användas inom många olika tillämpningar i framtiden.

QC 20130226

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Richmond, Eric William. "Birefringent single-arm fiber optic enthalpimeter for catalytic reaction monitoring." Diss., This resource online, 1990. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-07282008-135248/.

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Jollivet, Clemence. "Specialty Fiber Lasers and Novel Fiber Devices." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2014. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/6295.

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At the Dawn of the 21st century, the field of specialty optical fibers experienced a scientific revolution with the introduction of the stack-and-draw technique, a multi-steps and advanced fiber fabrication method, which enabled the creation of well-controlled micro-structured designs. Since then, an extremely wide variety of finely tuned fiber structures have been demonstrated including novel materials and novel designs. As the complexity of the fiber design increased, highly-controlled fabrication processes became critical. To determine the ability of a novel fiber design to deliver light with properties tailored according to a specific application, several mode analysis techniques were reported, addressing the recurring needs for in-depth fiber characterization. The first part of this dissertation details a novel experiment that was demonstrated to achieve modal decomposition with extended capabilities, reaching beyond the limits set by the existing mode analysis techniques. As a result, individual transverse modes carrying between ~0.01% and ~30% of the total light were resolved with unmatched accuracy. Furthermore, this approach was employed to decompose the light guided in Large-Mode Area (LMA) fiber, Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) and Leakage Channel Fiber (LCF). The single-mode performances were evaluated and compared. As a result, the suitability of each specialty fiber design to be implemented for power-scaling applications of fiber laser systems was experimentally determined. The second part of this dissertation is dedicated to novel specialty fiber laser systems. First, challenges related to the monolithic integration of novel and complex specialty fiber designs in all-fiber systems were addressed. The poor design and size compatibility between specialty fibers and conventional fiber-based components limits their monolithic integration due to high coupling loss and unstable performances. Here, novel all-fiber Mode-Field Adapter (MFA) devices made of selected segments of Graded Index Multimode Fiber (GIMF) were implemented to mitigate the coupling losses between a LMA PCF and a conventional Single-Mode Fiber (SMF), presenting an initial 18-fold mode-field area mismatch. It was experimentally demonstrated that the overall transmission in the mode-matched fiber chain was increased by more than 11 dB (the MFA was a 250 ?m piece of 50 ?m core diameter GIMF). This approach was further employed to assemble monolithic fiber laser cavities combining an active LMA PCF and fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) in conventional SMF. It was demonstrated that intra-cavity mode-matching results in an efficient (60%) and narrow-linewidth (200 pm) laser emission at the FBG wavelength. In the last section of this dissertation, monolithic Multi-Core Fiber (MCF) laser cavities were reported for the first time. Compared to existing MCF lasers, renown for high-brightness beam delivery after selection of the in-phase supermode, the present new generation of 7-coupled-cores Yb-doped fiber laser uses the gain from several supermodes simultaneously. In order to uncover mode competition mechanisms during amplification and the complex dynamics of multi-supermode lasing, novel diagnostic approaches were demonstrated. After characterizing the laser behavior, the first observations of self-mode-locking in linear MCF laser cavities were discovered.
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Optics and Photonics
Optics and Photonics
Optics and Photonics
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Horvath, A. Elisabet. "The effects of cellulosic fiber charges on polyelectrolyte adsorption and fiber-fiber interactions." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4158.

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Kuhlmey, Boris T. "Theoretical and numerical investigation of the physics of microstructured optical fibres." Connect to full text, 2004. http://setis.library.usyd.edu.au/adt/public_html/adt-NU/public/adt-NU20040715.171105.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--School of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, 2004. (In conjunction with: Université de Droit, d'Économie et des Sciences d'Aix-Marseille (Aix Marseille III)).
Bibliography: leaves 196-204.
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Snyder, Heidi Ghent. "Fiber type-specific desmin content in human single muscle fibers /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2006. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1253.pdf.

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Ghent, Heidi. "Fiber Type-specific Desmin Content in Human Single Muscle Fibers." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2006. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/381.

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Contractile and cytoskeletal protein concentrations have been shown to differ on the basis of fiber type in whole muscle homogenates. The purpose of this study was to compare the content of the intermediate filament protein, desmin, between type I and type IIa single muscle fibers from a mixed muscle in human subjects. Biopsies were taken from the vastus lateralis of six recreationally active males. Approximately 150 single muscle fibers were dissected from each sample and analyzed using SDS-PAGE to determine myosin heavy chain (MHC) composition. Following identification, muscle fibers were pooled into two groups (MHC I and MHC IIa). Desmin and actin content within the pooled samples was determined via immunoblotting. On average, muscle samples were composed of 51 ± 7 % type I, 2 ± 1% type I/IIa, 27 ± 5% type IIa, 19 ± 4% type IIa/IIx and 1 ± 1% type IIx MHC single fibers. Desmin and actin contents were 40% and 34% higher in type I fibers compared to type IIa fibers, respectively (P < 0.05). However the desmin to actin ratio was similar between pooled type I and IIa single muscle fibers within the vastus lateralis. These data suggest that desmin and actin content is a function of muscle fiber type. These differences in cytoskeletal protein content may have implications for differences in contractile function and eccentric damage characteristics between fiber types.
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Books on the topic "Fiber"

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Ilvessalo-Pfäffli, Marja-Sisko. Fiber atlas: Identification of papermaking fibers. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1994.

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Dutta, Niloy K. Fiber amplifiers and fiber lasers. New Jersey: World Scientific, 2015.

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Fiber. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1998.

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ill, Yates John 1939, ed. Fiber. Minneapolis: Carolrhoda Books, 1993.

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Hilton, Richard D. Fiber optics and fiber optic materials. Norwalk, CT: Business Communications Co., 1997.

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Beck, Paul. Fibe-ops: The book of fiber optics. New York: Tangerine Press, 2004.

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Beck, Paul. Fibe-ops: The book of fiber optics. New York: Tangerine Press, 2004.

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Beck, Paul. Fibe-ops: The book of fiber optics. New York: Tangerine Press, 2004.

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Fiber optic sensors. Research Triangle Park, NC: Instrument Society of America, 1988.

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Guided optics: Optical fibers and all-fiber components. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, 2009.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fiber"

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Laurikainen, Pekka, Sarianna Palola, Amaia De La Calle, Cristina Elizetxea, Sonia García-Arrieta, and Essi Sarlin. "Fiber Resizing, Compounding and Validation." In Systemic Circular Economy Solutions for Fiber Reinforced Composites, 125–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-22352-5_7.

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AbstractThe mechanical performance of a composite is greatly related to the load transfer capability of the interface between the matrix and the reinforcing fibers, i.e. the fiber/matrix adhesion, which is enhanced by a surface treatment called sizing. The original sizing of reinforcing fibers is removed during recycling process, which is recognized to contribute in typical issues of recycled fibers, namely uneven fiber properties and poor fiber/matrix adhesion. Applying a new sizing, a process denoted here as resizing, can help mitigate the issues. Furthermore, the sizing has a major role in improving the processability of the fibers as it contributes to the distribution of the fibers in the matrix. Proper distribution, along with the fiber fraction, are highly important for the composite performance. These properties are ensured by proper compounding. Here we demonstrate and validate the process steps to resize and compound recycled glass and carbon fibers with thermoplastic matrices. We found that at a relatively high sizing concentration, the compounding of all tested material combinations was possible. The resizing of the recycled fibers improved the compatibility at the fiber/matrix interface. It was concluded that recycled fibers can be used to replace virgin fibers in automotive industry to allow weight reductions and to promote circularity.
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Niu, Ditao, Siyu Gong, Bingbing Guo, Zhiyuan Cao, and Yan Wang. "Study on Frost Resistance of Steel-PVA Hybrid Fiber Concrete." In Advances in Frontier Research on Engineering Structures, 105–12. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8657-4_10.

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AbstractFreeze–thaw damage in cold areas is an important reason for the deterioration of durability of concrete structures, and the addition of fiber can effectively improve the frost resistance of concrete. To study the effect of steel fiber and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fiber on the frost resistance of concrete, an orthogonal experimental method was applied to analyze the frost resistance of steel-PVA hybrid fiber concrete. The effect of the steel fiber content, PVA fiber content, and steel fiber types were investigated on the mass-loss rate and relative dynamic elastic modulus of fiber concrete, to explore the mechanism of high frost resistance of it. The results show that steel fiber content has a significant effect on the mass-loss rate and relative dynamic elastic modulus of fiber concrete. The influence of PVA fiber content on the relative dynamic elastic modulus is relatively great, and the influence of steel fiber types of the mass-loss rate is the same. The frost resistance of concrete can be improved by adding hybrid fiber in concrete. When 1.0% End-hook steel fibers and 0.3% PVA fibers are added, the concrete specimen has the best frost resistance.
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Bodner, Jon M., and Jürgen Sieg. "Fiber." In Ingredients in Meat Products, 83–109. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-71327-4_4.

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Weik, Martin H. "fiber." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 581. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_6889.

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Weik, Martin H. "fiber." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary, 600. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_7061.

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Gallup, Elizabeth M. "Fiber." In The Wellness Way to Weight Loss, 37–44. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6295-9_6.

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Gooch, Jan W. "Fiber." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers, 300. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_4855.

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Perkins, Henry H., Don E. Ethridge, and Charles K. Bragg. "Fiber." In Agronomy Monographs, 437–509. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr24.c12.

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Paulina, Szmydke‐Cacciapalle. "Fiber." In Making Jeans Green, 34–68. Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351200554-3.

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Aben, Hillar, and Claude Guillemet. "Optical Fibers and Fiber Preforms." In Photoelasticity of Glass, 216–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-50071-8_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fiber"

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Ramkumar, S. "Shear Behaviour of Fiber Reinforced Concrete Beams Using Steel and Polypropylene Fiber." In Sustainable Materials and Smart Practices. Materials Research Forum LLC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21741/9781644901953-21.

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Abstract. The experimental study provides a series of tests for characterizing the structural behavior of fibre reinforced concrete beams subjected to shear loads. The paper involves usage of 2 types of fibers - polypropylene and steel fiber. The work suggests that the shear cracking resistance of the materials used are significantly improved by the fibers. The fibers reduced the crack width to about one quarter of the width in the shear-reinforced girders. Reliance on steel fibres increases the ductility of concrete. Adding steel fibres to concrete improves its post-tensile cracking behaviour. Shear strength is increased with the increase in fiber aspect ratio and fiber volume fraction. The concrete beams are casted for the size of 150 mm x 250 mm x 2100 mm. The behavior of fiber reinforced concrete beams for the addition of 0.4 percentage of fibers in both PFRC and SFRC under loading condition were observed and the load carrying capacity was increased compared to reinforced concrete.
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Kalaimani, Iniyan, Julian Dietzsch, and Michael Gross. "Momentum conserving dynamic variational approach for the modeling of fiber-bending stiffness in fiber-reinforced composites." In VI ECCOMAS Young Investigators Conference. València: Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/yic2021.2021.12367.

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Rotor-dynamical systems made of 3D-fiber-reinforced composites which are subjected to dynamical loads exhibit an increased fiber bending stiffness in numerical simulations. We propose a numerical modeling approach of fiber-reinforced composites that treats this behaviour accurately. Our model uses a multi-field mixed finite element formulation based on a dynamic variational approach, as demonstrated in [1], to perform long-term dynamic simulations that yield numerical solutions with increased accuracy in efficient CPU-time.We extend a Cauchy continuum with higher-order gradients of the deformation mapping as an independent field in the functional formulation, as suggested in [2], to model the bending stiffness of fibers accurately. This extended continuum also takes into account the higher-order energy contributions including the fiber curvature along with popular proven approaches that avoid the numerical locking effect of the fibers efficiently.We apply the proposed approach on Cook’s cantilever beam with a hyperelastic, transversely isotropic, polyconvex material behavior in a transient dynamic analysis. The beam is subjected to bending loads with a strong dependence of the overall stiffness on the fiber orientation. The spatial and temporal convergence as well as the conservation properties are analyzed. It is observed that the model needs an improved numerical treatment to conserve total momenta as well as total energy.REFERENCES M. Groß and J. Dietzsch, "Variational-based locking-free energy–momentum schemes of higher-order for thermo-viscoelastic fiber-reinforced continua", Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, (2019), 631-671, 343. T. Asmanoglo and A. Menzel, “A multi-field finite element approach for the modelling of fibre-reinforced composites with fibre-bending stiffness”, Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering, (2017), 1037-1067, 317.
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Zhang, Dongdong, Douglas E. Smith, David A. Jack, and Stephen Montgomery-Smith. "Rheological Study on Multiple Fiber Suspensions for Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials Processing." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-64498.

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This paper studies the rheological properties of a semi-dilute fiber suspension for short fiber reinforced composite materials processing. For industrial applications, the volume fraction of short fibers could be large for semi-dilute and concentrated fiber suspensions. Therefore, fiber-fiber interactions consisting of hydrodynamic interactions and direct mechanical contacts could affect fiber orientations and thus the rate of fiber alignment in the manufacturing processing. In this paper, we study the semi-dilute fiber suspensions, i.e. the gap between fibers becomes closer, and hydrodynamic interactions becomes stronger, but the physical/mechanical contacts are still rare. We develop a three-dimensional finite element approach for simulating the motions of multiple fibers in low-Reynolds-number flows typical of polymer melt flow. We extend our earlier single fiber model to consider hydrodynamic interactions between fibers. This approach computes the hydrodynamic forces and torques on fibers by solving governing equations of motion in fluid. The hydrodynamic forces and torques result from two scenarios: gross fluid motion and hydrodynamic interactions from other fibers. Our approach seeks fibers’ velocities that zero the hydrodynamic torques and forces acting on the fibers by the surrounding fluid. Fiber motions are then computed using a Runge-Kutta approach to update fiber positions and orientations as a function of time. This method is quite general and allows for solving multiple fiber suspensions in complex fluids. Examples with fibers having various starting positions and orientations are considered and compared with Jeffery’s single fiber solution (1922). Meanwhile, we study the effect of the presence of a bounded wall on fiber motions, which is ignored in Jeffery’s original work. The possible reasons why fiber motions observed in experiments align slower than those predicted by Jeffery’s theory are discussed in this paper.
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Jin, R., C. Hanson, G. Khitrova, A. Chavez-Pirson, Hyatt M. Gibbs, Nasser Peyghambarian, T. Bowen, F. Y. Junag, P. K. Bhattacharya, and D. A. Weinberger. "Direct fiber-etalon-fiber interfacing." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1988.fee4.

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Direct interfacing between single-mode optical fibers and GaAs nonlinear etalons is successfully demonstrated. The optical fibers used in our experiments are from AMP, Inc., with a core size of 10 µm. The ends of these fibers are polished and mounted in ceramic housings. The light source is a CR590 dye laser pumped by an argon-ion laser. The laser beam is modulated by an acoustooptic modulator to give pulses of several microseconds in duration. Laser light is coupled into a fiber by using a 10X microscope objective with a numerical aperture of 0.3, and the coupling loss is <3 dB. The nonlinear etalon used in the experiment is made by coating both sides of a 108-period 58-Å- 96-Å GaAs/AIGaAs multiple quantum well with 400-Å Ag, giving reflectivities of ~87 %. Optical bistability is observed when the nonlinear etalon is brought into contact with the fiber, with no lens between the output end of the fiber and etalon. A similar fiber is used to collect the output light from the etalon with an efficiency of >70%, suggesting that fiber-optic interconnects could be feasible in a digital optical processor.
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GHAFFARI, SARVENAZ, GUILLAUME SEON, and ANDREW MAKEEV. "EFFECT OF FIBER-MATRIX INTERFACE ON FIBER-DIRECTION COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF CARBON FIBER COMPOSITES." In Proceedings for the American Society for Composites-Thirty Eighth Technical Conference. Destech Publications, Inc., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/asc38/36617.

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The rotorcraft industry has shown a strong interest in High-modulus (HM) carbon fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) due to their potential to create lightweight airframes and rotor components, resulting in significant weight reduction. However, a major drawback of HM CFRPs has been their very low compressive strength in the fiber direction compared to the currently used intermediate-modulus (IM) CFRPs in primary structures. This weakness has been delaying the implementation of HM CFRPs in aircraft structures. Microstructural tailoring may provide an innovative means for breaking through the fiber-direction compressive strength barrier of the HM CFRPs. The primary failure mechanism in both HM and IM CFRPs under fiber-direction compression is shear microbucking, which is significantly influenced by fiber-matrix interface strength. In-depth analysis using in-situ scanning electron microscopy (SEM) experiments has revealed significant differences in the surface characteristics of the carbon fibers, leading to a much stronger interface for IM fibers compared to HM fibers. These findings have prompted a microstructural tailoring strategy involving the reinforcement of HM fibers with IM fibers, which enhances the overall stability of the microstructure governing the fiber-direction compressive strength performance of the material. A laboratory-scale production-quality manufacturing system has been delivered, and promising experimental results enabling HM CFRPs with adequate fiber-direction compressive strength have been achieved through hybridization of IM and HM fibers at the filament level in HM CFRP toughened with nano-silica. This new material solution not only approaches the compressive strength of IM CFRPs but also provides more than 30% higher axial modulus.
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Kärenlampi, Petri, and Yongzhong Yu. "Fiber Properties and Paper Fracture – Fiber Length and Fiber Strength." In The Fundamentals of Papermaking Materials, edited by C. F. Baker. Fundamental Research Committee (FRC), Manchester, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/frc.1997.1.521.

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Phenomenological theories on the effect of pulp fiber properties on the fracture energy of paper are discussed. The effect of fiber length and strength is clarified experimentally. Fiber length appears to affect fiber failure probability only slightly. When fiber strength is changed, the fracture energy decreases greatly with only a small increment in fiber failure probability. This suggests that the fracture energy contribution of a fiber may be correlated between fibers. The effect of fiber length and strength on the cohesive stress – crack widening relationship is clarified.
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Zhang, Dongdong, Douglas E. Smith, David A. Jack, and Stephen Montgomery-Smith. "Numerical Evaluation of Single Fiber Motion for Short Fiber Composites Materials Processing." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-39424.

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This paper presents a numerical approach for calculating the single fiber motion in a viscous flow. This approach addresses such issues as the role of axis ratio and fiber shape on the dynamics of a single fiber, which was not addressed in Jeffery’s original work. We develop a Finite Element Method (FEM) for modeling the dynamics of a single rigid fiber suspended in a moving fluid. Low Reynolds number viscous flows are considered since these best represent the flow conditions for a polymer melt within a mold cavity. Our approach seeks the fiber angular velocities that zero the hydrodynamic torques acting on the fiber using the Newton-Raphson method. Fiber motion is then computed with a Runge-Kutta method to update the position, i.e. the angle of the fiber as a function of time. This method is quite general and allows for fiber shapes that include, but are not limited to, ellipsoidal fibers (such as that studied in Jeffery’s original work), cylindrical fibers and beads-chain fibers. The relationships between equivalent axis ratios and geometrical axis ratios for cylindrical and beads-chain fibers are derived in this paper.
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GIRARD, HUGO, ZAYNAB HAZAVEH, BEHRAD KOOHBOR, and AURÉLIEN DOITRAND. "EXPERIMENTAL-COMPUTATIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF FIBER-TO-FIBER INTERACTIONS IN GLASS MACRO FIBER COMPOSITES." In Proceedings for the American Society for Composites-Thirty Eighth Technical Conference. Destech Publications, Inc., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/asc38/36517.

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Effects of inter-fiber distance and angular orientation on the fiber-matrix interface debonding are investigated using a hybrid experimental-computational approach. Model composite samples are fabricated using two glass macro fibers embedded in a clear epoxy resin and then subjected to remote tensile loads. The distance and angular position between the two fibers in the epoxy are varied systematically to cover a wide range of inter-fiber distances and orientations. Specifically, the model composites are designed to include fiber-to-fiber angles ranging from 0° to 90° in 15° increments. Displacement and strain fields developed in the vicinity of the fiber-matrix interface are measured by high-magnification digital image correlation (DIC). The initiation and propagation of debonding at the fiber-matrix interface are characterized as a function of far-field stress, inter-fiber distance and angle. A finite element simulation framework is established and calibrated by the experimental measurements first. Correlations between local and global stress-strain fields are then identified from the experimental measurements supplemented by finite element simulations. Results obtained herein indicate that the spacing and angular orientation between adjacent fibers affect the interface debonding initiation and propagation. However, the interfiber distance has a more consequential effect on the debonding process, i.e., the smaller the distance the larger the fields intensity. The results obtained from the hybrid approach here are further analyzed to identify the sources of uncertainty quantification. The hybrid approach proposed and discussed in this work provides a systematic methodology for the quantitative analysis of fiber-matrix interface debonding mechanisms leading to transverse cracking in unidirectional composites.
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Garcia, Jordan, Sayer Smith, Brian Sibley, and Y. Charles Lu. "Effect of Fiber Content on Anisotropic Behavior of 3D Printed Fiber Composites." In WCX SAE World Congress Experience. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2023-01-0071.

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<div class="section abstract"><div class="htmlview paragraph">Discontinuous or short-fiber composites are traditionally less expensive and are normally less difficult to manufacture than continuous fiber composites, while still retaining some of the benefits of reinforcing fibers. Similarly to continuous fibers, the volume ratio influences the mechanical properties of the composite. In addition the ratio of the length and diameter of the reinforcing fibers also plays a significant role. This ratio (also known as the aspect ratio) adds another variable to the anisotropic properties of lamina plies where now not only the content of fibers but also the dimensions of the fibers themselves play a role. Short fiber reinforced composites are already used in additive manufacturing techniques; however, the amount of carbon fiber and the length of the discontinuous strands in the filaments are normally not stated or vary greatly. An investigation in conducted on how the dimensional properties of the carbon fiber, (volume fraction and aspect ratio), affect the mechanical properties of 3D printed parts. Rectangular bending samples were fabricated using a Pulse XE 3D-printer using filament rolls of varying carbon-fiber content and carbon-fiber length. The results showed that the orientation of the reinforcing fibers can play a significant role in the mechanical responses of the final product. The amount of fiber by content also influence how much of a brittle/ductile response the samples exhibited. Additionally the aspect ratio of the carbon-fiber strands appears to influence how susceptible the final products are to artifacts of the 3D-printing process. Finally it is shown how using a combination of the Halpin-Tsai model with Classical-Laminate-Composite-Theory can predict how the samples will respond based on the carbon-fiber content, aspect ratio, and print/fiber orientation. This can theoretically be used to tailor a 3D-printed products anisotropic mechanical properties based on the loading conditions expected by manipulating the reinforcing fibers.</div></div>
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Lawson, Christopher M. "Fiber-optic electric field sensor." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1986.maa2.

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A novel type of fiber-optic electric field sensor has been demonstrated. This device was fabricated by fusing piezoelectrically sensitized fibers into a fiber-optic Mach-Zehnder interferometer testbed. Quadrature stabilization for the interferometer test-bed was provided by an active homodyne scheme. The fibers were sensitized to an electric field by embedding them in a piezoelectric material that expands and contracts in response to the electric field. The resulting pressure waves modulate the optical path length through the sensitized fiber, which modulates the output of the fiber-optic interferometer. Two designs were used to sensitize fibers to electric fields. In the first design, unjacketed fibers were embedded in a piezoelectric lithium borosilicate (LBS) glass plate. In the second design, fibers were embedded in a composite PZT material. One of the LBS sensitized fibers and three of the PZT sensitized fibers were tested in the fiber-optic interferometer test-bed. The signal to noise of each sensor was mapped out vs frequency, with a reference electric field applied across the sensors. Future efforts will be devoted to directly coating an unjacketed fiber with a thin LBS coating.
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Reports on the topic "Fiber"

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Ragalwar, Ketan, William Heard, Brett Williams, Dhanendra Kumar, and Ravi Ranade. On enhancing the mechanical behavior of ultra-high performance concrete through multi-scale fiber reinforcement. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41940.

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Steel fibers are typically used in ultra-high performance concretes (UHPC) to impart flexural ductility and increase fracture toughness. However, the mechanical properties of the steel fibers are underutilized in UHPC, as evidenced by the fact that most of the steel fibers pull out of a UHPC matrix largely undamaged during tensile or flexural tests. This research aims to improve the bond between steel fibers and a UHPC matrix by using steel wool. The underlying mechanism for fiber-matrix bond improvement is the reinforcement of the matrix tunnel, surrounding the steel fibers, by steel wool. Single fiber pullout tests were performed to quantify the effect of steel wool content in UHPC on the fiber-matrix bond. Microscopic observations of pulled-out fibers were used to investigate the fiber-matrix interface. Compared to the control UHPC mixture with no steel wool, significant improvement in the flexural behavior was observed in the UHPC mixtures with steel wool. Thus, the addition of steel wool in steel fiber-reinforced UHPC provides multi-scale reinforcement that leads to significant improvement in fiber-matrix bond and mechanical properties of UHPC.
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Granot, David, Scott Holaday, and Randy D. Allen. Enhancing Cotton Fiber Elongation and Cellulose Synthesis by Manipulating Fructokinase Activity. United States Department of Agriculture, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7613878.bard.

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a. Objectives (a) Identification and characterization of the cotton fiber FRKs; (b) Generating transgenic cotton plants overproducing either substrate inhibited tomato FRK or tomato FRK without substrate inhibition; (c) Generating transgenic cotton plants with RNAi suppression of fiber expressed FRKs; (d) Generating Arabidopsis plants that over express FRK1, FRK2, or both genes, as additional means to assess the contribution of FRK to cellulose synthesis and biomass production. b. Background to the topic: Cellulose synthesis and fiber elongation are dependent on sugar metabolism. Previous results suggested that FRKs (fructokinase enzymes that specifically phosphorylate fructose) are major players in sugar metabolism and cellulose synthesis. We therefore hypothesized that increasing fructose phosphorylation may enhance fiber elongation and cellulose synthesis in cotton plants. Accordinlgy, the objectives of this research were: c. Major conclusions and achievements: Two cotton FRKs expressed in fibers, GhFRK2 and GhFRK3, were cloned and characterized. We found that GhFRK2 enzyme is located in the cytosol and GhFRK3 is located within plastids. Both enzymes enable growth on fructose (but not on glucose) of hexose kinase deficient yeast strain, confirming the fructokinase activity of the cloned genes. RNAi constructs with each gene were prepared and sent to the US collaborator to generate cotton plants with RNAi suppression of these genes. To examine the effect of FRKs using Arabidopsis plants we generated transgenic plants expressing either LeFRK1 or LeFRK2 at high level. No visible phenotype has been observed. Yet, plants expressing both genes simultaneously are being created and will be tested. To test our hypothesis that increasing fructose phosphorylation may enhance fiber cellulose synthesis, we generated twenty independent transgenic cotton plant lines overexpressing Lycopersicon (Le) FRK1. Transgene expression was high in leaves and moderate in developing fiber, but enhanced FRK activity in fibers was inconsistent between experiments. Some lines exhibited a 9-11% enhancement of fiber length or strength, but only one line tested had consistent improvement in fiber strength that correlated with elevated FRK activity in the fibers. However, in one experiment, seed cotton mass was improved in all transgenic lines and correlated with enhanced FRK activity in fibers. When greenhouse plants were subjected to severe drought during flowering and boll development, no genotypic differences in fiber quality were noted. Seed cotton mass was improved for two transgenic lines but did not correlate with fiber FRK activity. We conclude that LeFRK1 over-expression in fibers has only a small effect on fiber quality, and any positive effects depend on optimum conditions. The improvement in productivity for greenhouse plants may have been due to better structural development of the water-conducting tissue (xylem) of the stem, since stem diameters were larger for some lines and the activity of FRK in the outer xylem greater than observed for wild-type plants. We are testing this idea and developing other transgenic cotton plants to understand the roles of FRK in fiber and xylem development. We see the potential to develop a cotton plant with improved stem strength and productivity under drought for windy, semi-arid regions where cotton is grown. d. Implications, scientific and agricultural: FRKs are probably bottle neck enzymes for biomass and wood synthesis and their increased expression has the potential to enhance wood and biomass production, not only in cotton plants but also in other feed and energy renewable plants.
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Neudecker, Bernd J., Martin H. Benson, and Brian K. Emerson. Power Fibers: Thin-Film Batteries on Fiber Substrates. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada511230.

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Singh, J. P., D. Singh, and R. A. Lowden. Effect of fiber coating on mechanical properties of Nicalon fibers and Nicalon-fiber/SiC matrix composites. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10116281.

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Weiss, Charles, William McGinley, Bradford Songer, Madeline Kuchinski, and Frank Kuchinski. Performance of active porcelain enamel coated fibers for fiber-reinforced concrete : the performance of active porcelain enamel coatings for fiber-reinforced concrete and fiber tests at the University of Louisville. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40683.

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A patented active porcelain enamel coating improves both the bond between the concrete and steel reinforcement as well as its corrosion resistance. A Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program to develop a commercial method for production of porcelain-coated fibers was developed in 2015. Market potential of this technology with its steel/concrete bond improvements and corrosion protection suggests that it can compete with other fiber reinforcing systems, with improvements in performance, durability, and cost, especially as compared to smooth fibers incorporated into concrete slabs and beams. Preliminary testing in a Phase 1 SBIR investigation indicated that active ceramic coatings on small diameter wire significantly improved the bond between the wires and the concrete to the point that the wires achieved yield before pullout without affecting the strength of the wire. As part of an SBIR Phase 2 effort, the University of Louisville under contract for Ceramics, Composites and Coatings Inc., proposed an investigation to evaluate active enamel-coated steel fibers in typical concrete applications and in masonry grouts in both tension and compression. Evaluation of the effect of the incorporation of coated fibers into Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) was examined using flexural and compressive strength testing as well as through nanoindentation.
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Franzen, Douglas L., Matt Young, and Timothy J. Drapela. Optical fiber, fiber coating, and connector ferrule geometry :. Gaithersburg, MD: National Bureau of Standards, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.tn.1378.

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Koenig, Jack L., and Shari L. Tidrick. Improved Adhesion Performance of Polyamid Fibers in Fiber-Reinforced Composites. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada207979.

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Abhiraman, Agaram S. Precursor Structure - Fiber Property Relationships in Polyacrylonitrile- Based Carbon Fibers. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada249888.

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Sutton, Jacob O. FIBER LASER CONSTRUCTION AND THEORY INCLUDING FIBER BRAGG GRATINGS Photonic Crystal Fibers (PCFs) and applications of gas filled PCFs. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1346829.

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Hammond, Andrew P. Fiber Accelerating Structures. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/992939.

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