Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fetu'
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Zambelli, Helder Jose Lessa. "Avaliação da evolução neurocirurgica de crianças com diagnostico intrauterino de mielomeningocele e elaboração de protocolo de cirurgia fetal para prevenção de hidrocefalia." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/313564.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: O diagnóstico pré-natal da mielomeningocele permite melhor planejamento de sua abordagem e, mais recentemente, um possível reparo intra-útero. Este estudo analisa a evolução neurocirúrgica de 98 crianças com mielomeningocele, tratadas no período pós-natal através de cirurgia tradicional, de janeiro de 1994 a dezembro de 2002, no centro de referência em medicina fetal da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). Desta avaliação retrospectiva, foi elaborado um protocolo próprio para cirurgia fetal para prevenção de hidrocefalia, identificando-se os fetos que se beneficiariam com a correção intra-útero da mielomeningocele. O estudo revelou uma realidade caracterizada pelo prognóstico ruim e pelo alto índice de complicações decorrentes da mielomeningocele, principalmente no que se diz respeito à hidrocefalia. Com isso, no protocolo foram incluídos somente fetos com um tamanho ventricular menor que 14 mm no momento da cirurgia, fetos entre 20 e 25 semanas de gestação, fetos com defeitos situados abaixo de L3-L4, fetos com mielomeningocele como malformação isolada e ausência de anomalias cromossômicas, tendo como critérios de exclusão: a primiparidade, fetos com lesão abaixo de S1 e a incapacidade de entendimento das gestantes dos riscos materno-fetais. Apesar da correção intra-útero para prevenção de hidrocefalia ter uma aplicação bastante restrita em nosso meio, é uma nova opção de tratamento para as mães brasileiras, já que a legislação do país não prevê a interrupção médica da gravidez, quando complicada por fetos com mielomeningocele
Abstract: Prenatal diagnosis of myelomeningocele has permitted a better planning for optimum management of the disease. More recently, it has allowed for a possible intrauterine repair of the spinal defect. This study analyzed neurosurgical outcome of 98 children with myelomeningocele, postnatally treated with traditional surgery, from January 1994 to December 2002, in the Fetal Medicine referral center at the Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP). From this retrospective evaluation, a suitable protocol for fetal surgery was developed for the prevention of hydrocephalus, identifying fetuses that would benefit from intrauterine repair of myelomeningocele. The study revealed a reality characterized by a poor prognosis and a high rate of complications due to myelomeningocele, particularly hydrocephalus. Thus, included in the protocol were only fetuses with ventricular size measuring less than 14 mm at the time of surgery; fetuses between 20 and 25 weeks of gestation; fetuses with defects located below L3-L4; fetuses with myelomeningocele as isolated malformation and absence of chromosomal abnormalities. Criteria of exclusion were: primiparity, fetuses with lesions below S1 and pregnant women¿s lack of understanding of the maternal-fetal risks. Intrauterine repair for the prevention of hydrocephalus has a very limited application in our setting. However, it is a new therapeutic option for Brazilian mothers, since in this country legislation is against medical termination of pregnancies affected with fetal myelomeningocele
Doutorado
Neurologia
Doutor em Ciências Médicas
Ruano, Rodrigo. "Avaliação do volume pulmonar pela ultra-sonografia em três dimensões em fetos com hérnia diafragmática congênita isolada." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5139/tde-13102014-163407/.
Full textIntroduction: Predicting neonatal outcome in fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is one of the main challenges in Fetal Medicine. Fetal lung volume estimated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) associated significantely with neonatal outcome. Recently, the rotationa technique (VOCALTM) on threedimensional ultrasonography (3DUS) was introduced, which allows estimating fetal lung in fetuses with CDH. Objectives: To assess fetal lung volumes by 3DUS using the rotational technique (VOCALTM) in fetuses with isolated CDH, and to plot these values in the nomogram previously described by the same author; to correlate fetal lung volumes with neonatal outcome in cases with CDH; to evaluate the accuracy of 3DUS in estimating fetal lung volumes; and, to evaluate the classical prognostic factors in cases with CDH. Patients and Methods: From Febuary 2002 to October 2003, a prospective study was conducted in Maternité-Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades - Université de Paris V - France, in which 3D- ultrasonographic lung volumes were estiamted in 30 fetuses with isolated CDH 23 and 36 weeks of gestation. Each case was submitted to 3D-ultrasound examination once and 3Dvolumetric measurements were obstained by the technique of rotation of the multiplanar imaging (VOCALTM). Termination of pregnancy was perfromed in 8 cases according to the French law. Observed lung volume in each fetus with isolated CDH was compared to the expected fetal lung for specific gestational age determinated by the nomogram previously described. The observed/expected fetal lung volume was then calculated for each case and correlated with neonatal outcome. Besides,other classical sonographic prognostic were evaluated such as: hydramnios, herniated liver, herniated stomach, lung-over- head ratio, severe mediastinal shift and decreased left/right ventricles ratio. Intra- and inter-operator variabilities were also evaluated, as well as the accuracy of 3D- ultrasound in estimating fetal lung volumes. Results: Observed fetal lung volumes were extremely lower in fetuses with CDH when these values were ptotted in the nomogram of fetal lung volume against gestational age. The observed / expected fetal lung volume ratio was significantly downshifted in 12 cases with CDH who died (median: 0.30, range: 0.12-0.66) compared with 10 suvivors (median: 0.40, range: 0.33-0.66, p= 0,017). Among the other prognostic factors, only the LOHR associated significantly with neonatal outcome. Predicting neonatal deaths and neonatal survivals was 90% (9/10) and 75% (9/12) by fetal lung volume on 3DUS whilst it was 80% (8/10) and 66.7% (4/8) on 2DUS, respectivelly. Intra- and inter-variabilities were 0.78cm³ and 0.41cm³ in cases with CDH, respectively. Good accuracy of this method in estimating fetal lung volume was observed (84.86%). Conclusions: In cases with isolated CDH, fetal lung volume estimated by 3D-ultrasonography using the rotational technique corretated significantly with neonatal outcome. LOHR also associated significantly with neonatal outcome
Gråfors, Veronica. "Fett osynlig? : En undersökning om representation av överviktiga och feta kroppar i två läromedel för gymnasieskolan." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-26058.
Full textWirtanen, Edith, and Naima Yasin. "Lärarna och kroppsidealen : En intervjustudie om lärares syn på begrepp för stora kroppar och på sin undervisning om kroppsideal i grundskolan." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för pedagogik, didaktik och utbildningsstudier, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-397703.
Full textPatience, William. "Noise analysis of multiport networks containing GaAs FETs based on measured data or physical FET parameters." Ohio : Ohio University, 1991. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1183735748.
Full textCosta, Alberto Luiz Cunha da. "Malformações fetais, defeitos de desenvolvimento e sinais dismorficos em filhos de mães com epilepsia." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/308496.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: A maioria das gestações em mulheres com epilepsia não apresenta complicações, porém a persistência de crises e efeitos das drogas antiepilépticas (DAE) podem afetar o feto causando retardo do crescimento intra-uterino, dismorfismos, atraso do desenvolvimento neuro-psicomotor e malformações fetais, com aumento no risco estimado em 2 a 3 vezes em fetos expostos intrautero. Os objetivos foram identificar a ocorrência de malformações fetais em filhos de mães com epilepsia; determinar a ocorrência de atraso de desenvolvimento intra-uterino; investigar o crescimento e desenvolvimento de filhos de mães com epilepsia e descrever os achados e complicações materno-fetais nos grupos de gestantes com epilepsia. Entre maio de 2003 a maio de 2007, foram avaliadas 67 gestantes com epilepsia (GE) com um total de 69 gestações, com idades entre 17 e 37 anos, média 26,9 anos, e 66 gestantes não epilépticas (grupo controle - GC) com um total de 68 gestações, com idades entre 15 e 44 anos, média 26,9 anos, nos ambulatórios de Epilepsia e Genética Clínica do HC ¿ Unicamp. Duas pacientes do GE abandonaram o estudo, sendo recuperados os dados de uma paciente. Quarenta gestantes do GC abandonaram o seguimento. De 42 gestações, em 21 os dados foram recuperados para informações do parto e malformações fetais. Em vinte e uma não foi possível a recuperação. O seguimento longitudinal foi composto por 52 gestações de mulheres com epilepsia e vinte e seis gestantes não epilépticas. Quarenta e cinco pacientes estavam sob monoterapia, 13 com duas DAE e duas com três DAE. Carbamazepina foi usada por 38 gestantes, 26 em monoterapia e 12 em politerapia. Fenobarbital foi a segunda DAE mais usada, sob monoterapia em 07 e politerapia em 05. Três pacientes foram mantidas sem DAE. Todas as pacientes foram atendidas mensalmente pelo mesmo neurologista durante a gestação e puerpério conforme protocolo pré-estabelecido. Estudo antropométrico e neurológico dos neonatos foram realizados por geneticista no nascimento, aos 06 meses, 01 ano, 02, 05 e 07 anos de idade. Filhos de mães com epilepsia (FME) apresentaram menor peso ao nascer, porém índice de Apgar no 1º e 5º minutos não diferiu entre GE e GC. Malformações fetais maiores foram observadas em 16,39% das pacientes do GE (defeitos urogenitais ¿ 2, fenda labial + palatina ¿ 1, defeitos gastrointestinais ¿ 1, anormalidades esqueléticas ¿ 1, hérnias ¿ 2 e deficiência auditiva profunda ¿ 3) e 3,92% no GC (malformações cardiovasculares ¿ 2). Entre os sinais dismórficos estudados, anomalias de orelhas (28,85%), hipertelorismo (62,96%) e diminuição do perímetro cefálico (14,29%) foram mais freqüentes em FME expostos a crises parciais complexas e fenobarbital. Três mulheres do GE apresentaram partos com complicações: Uma criança nasceu com encefalopatia hipóxico-isquêmica, uma apresentou pneumotórax e um parto evoluiu com placenta prévia. Abortos (1), óbitos perinatais (1) e infantis (2) ocorreram apenas em FME. Concluímos que malformações fetais maiores são mais freqüentes em FME comparados com controles. Crises parciais complexas e fenobarbital estão associados com anomalias de orelhas, hipertelorismo e redução do perímetro craniano no seguimento longitudinal. Abortos, óbitos perinatais e infantis ocorreram apenas em FME
Abstract: Rationale: The majority of women with epilepsy do not experience significant changes during pregnancy; however the persistence of seizures and the effect of antiepileptic drugs (AED) may affect the fetus. These effects include lower intrauterine growth, dysmorphisms, fetal malformation and neuropsicomotor developmental delay. Most studies report that the risk of fetal malformation is two to three times higher in fetus exposed to AED. Objectives: The goals of our study were: to identify the occurrence of fetal malformation in children of woman with epilepsy (WWE); to determine the occurrence of intrauterine developmental delay; to investigate the growth and development of these children; to describe labor complications; and to assess birth and child outcome. Methods: From May 2003 to May 2007 we evaluated 67 WWE in 69 gestations, ages ranging from 17 to 37 years, average 26.9 years. Those patients were compared with 66 non-epileptic pregnant women (control group) with 68 gestations, ages ranging from 15 to 44 years, average 26.9 years. Patients were referred from the Epilepsy Unit and Medical Genetics section of Hospital das Clínicas ¿ Unicamp. Results: Two WWE abandoned the study, although the data of one of them were recover. Forty women of the non-epileptic group quitted the study but we were able to recovered the data of 21 of these women reporting on the delivery and fetal malformations. Twenty-one women had their information lost. Follow-up was obtained in 52 WWE and 26 control women. Forty-five women were on one AED, 13 were on two AED and two were on three. Carbamazepine was used by 38 pregnant women, 26 were in monotherapy and 12 were in polytheraphy. Phenobarbital was the second most used AED, seven in monotherapy and five in polytheraphy. Three patients were on no medication. All patients were seen by the same neurologist, monthly during pregnancy and the post gestation period. In addition, anthropometric and neurological evaluation were performed by a geneticist at birth period, six month, 1, 2, 5 and 7 years of age. Three children of WWE presented complications: hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (1), abruptio placentae (1) and pneumothorax (1). Low birth weight was identified in children of WWE. There was no difference in the Apgar scores in the first and fifth minutes, and head circunference in the two groups. Ten (16.39%) children from WWE (urogenital anomalies ¿ 2, cleft lip+cleft palate ¿ 1, gastrointestinal defects ¿ 1, skeletal defects ¿ 1, hernia ¿ 2, congenital deafness ¿ 3) and two (3.92%) of the control group (cardiac defects ¿ 2) showed major fetal malformations. Dysmorphic signs such as ear anomalies (28.85%), hypertelorism (62.96%), and small head circumference, were more frequent in children of epileptic mother, particularly associated with use of phenobarbital and complex partial seizures. Conclusions: We conclude that major fetal malformations were more frequent in children of WWE (16.39%) compared to controls (3.92%). Children of mothers with complex partial seizures, using phenobarbital presented more ear anomalies (28.85%), increased intercantal distance (62.96%) and smaller head circunference (14.29%) in longitudinal follow-up. Furthermore, abortions (1), perinatal (1) and infantile death (2) occurred only in children of WWE
Doutorado
Neurologia
Oliveira, Daniela Moraes de. "Análise de expressão da distrofina, miostatina, tgf-β e nf-kappa β, durante a fase embrionária e fetal no modelo canino GRMD (Golden Retrivier Muscular Dystrophy)." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10132/tde-27022018-121625/.
Full textDuchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a hereditary neuromuscular genetic disease linked to the X chromosome, being found in male humans. This muscle disease is described in other species. The pre-clinical GRMD (Golden Retrievier Muscular Dystrophy) study model presents phenotypically characteristic clinical symptoms of DMD in humans and,for this reason, has been widely used as a model for preclinical studies. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the muscular tissue, in the dystrophic canine model, throughout the gestation. Four females, carriers of the dystrophic gene, were inseminated with fresh semen from dystrophic dogs. On the 25th day, post-insemination, the females were submitted to ultrasonography to confirm the pregnancy. The pregnant females underwent an ovariosalpingohisterectomy (OSH) for the removal of the embryos and fetuses in the following gestational periods: 28º, 33º, 38º and 42º days. Then fragments of muscle tissue were analyzed macroscopically and microscopically. To verify protein expression, tissue samples were submitted to immunological techniques, and PCR for dystrophin, myostatin, and utrophin. At the 33 and 38th days of gestation, tissue characteristics were observed in the dystrophic group, which corroborate the late development of muscle tissue. The results for protein detection suggest that dystrophin, myostatin and utrophin were also expressed in the control and affected groups, during all periods of the gestational development analyzed. Lastly, the data suggest that dystrophic animals present healthy muscle during the gestational phase, which may be beneficial for pharmacological tests at an early age.
Bernardes, Lisandra Stein. "Análise da vascularização renal ao Power Doppler tridimensional em fetos com dilatação de vias urinárias: correlação com prognóstico renal pós-natal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5139/tde-18022011-124911/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: There is no ideal method for prenatal evaluation of renal function whether there is a urinary tract dilatation in the fetus. Although ultrasound is a noninvasive method and some parameters have been described to evaluate fetal renal function, as amniotic fluid index, there is a lack of sensitivity to renal failure when ultrasound is used alone. Furthermore, ultrasound changes may appear late in pregnancy. Biochemical evaluation of fetal urine or blood may expose the fetus to some risk, and still lack sensitivity and specificity for renal failure. Threedimensional Power Doppler evaluation has been used to quantify blood flow in fetal organs and placenta. As urinary tract obstruction lead to decrease in renal glomeurli and consequently to a decrease in parenchymal renal flow, three-dimensional quantification of renal flow may improve the evaluation of fetal renal function in fetuses with renal dilatation. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the ability of threedimensional evaluation of renal vascularization to predict postnatal renal prognosis in fetuses with suspicion of urinary obstruction and to analyze depth influence in vascular indexes. METHODS: Fetuses with bilateral hydronephrosis and/or bladder dilatation had renal vascularization evaluated by three-dimensional ultrasound and VOCAL and were prospectively compared to healthy fetuses. Parameters evaluated were VI, VFI, FI and the distance between the probe and the renal cortex. Follow up by urologists and nephrologists allowed us to allocate these fetuses in two groups: renal impairment and normal renal function. Renal vascularization was evaluated in each group and compared to controls. RESULTS: Twenty-three fetuses with urinary dilatation and seventy-three fetuses with normal renal morphology where considered for statistical analysis. Five fetuses (21,7%) developed renal impairment. VI and VFI where significantly lower in fetuses that developed renal impairment than in those with normal renal function (p=0.009 and 0.036 respectively). Depth-corrected indexes (VIDC, FIDC and VFIDC) varied with gestational age and inter-observer variability was improved when depth was taken into account. The percentage of VIDC and VFIDC of cases in relation to gestational aged matched controls were lower in fetuses that developed post-natal renal impairment than in fetuses with normal renal function. CONCLUSION: Although VI and VFI were significantly lower in fetuses that developed post-natal renal impairment, depth seemed to be an important confounding variable. Thus, VIDC and VFIDC were potentially useful in this context. However, since depth-corrected indexes are related to gestational age, nomograms are needed to further evaluate the role of these parameters in predicting renal impairment
Okido, Marcos Masaru. "Repercussões dos exercícios de treinamento dos músculos do assoalho pélvico sobre os parâmetros hemodinâmicos uteroplacentários e fetais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17145/tde-26082016-150833/.
Full textThe pelvic floor is anatomically divided into endopelvic fascia, pelvic diaphragm and urogenital diaphragm, and the levator ani muscle is considered to be the most important structure for the static maintenance of the pelvic organs. During pregnancy, the high levels of progesterone and relaxin, together with the anatomical changes promoted by uterine growth, are factors that contribute to the increased prevalence of urinary incontinence during pregnancy and the puerperium. Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) during pregnancy has been investigated in several studies that have attempted to prove its efficacy in the prevention and treatment of urinary incontinence and in the results of labor and delivery. Studies evaluating the fetal repercussions associated with aerobic physical exercise are available in the literature, but there are no studies that perform this investigation with specific exercises for the pelvic floor. Thus, the objective of the present study was to assess the effects of PFMT on the Doppler velocimetry and uteroplacental and fetal hemodynamic parameters. An experimental, prospective, randomized and controlled study was conducted on pregnant women of low gestational risk. One group (N = 26) performed PFMT exercises once a week for 16 weeks (exercise group) and the other (N = 11) did not perform exercises (control group). Ultrasound exams were performed at 20, 32 and 36 weeks for the evaluation of resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) of the maternal uterine arteries and of the fetal umbilical and middle cerebral arteries before and after exercise. A mixed effects linear regression model (random and fixed effects) was employed for statistical analysis using the PROC MIXED method of the SAS® 9.0 software. Analysis of the uterine artery showed a difference in the comparison of the Doppler study, with a significant reduction of PI and RI after exercise at the 36 week evaluation. With this result, it is possible to conclude that the execution of this type of PFMT exercises during pregnancy does not alter the PI or RI of the umbilical and middle cerebral arteries at 28, 32 and 36 weeks of pregnancy or of the uterine arteries at 28 and 32 weeks, although there was a reduction at 36 weeks of pregnancy.
Viel, Amanda Martins. "Efeitos do extrato de Agave sisalana Perrine sobre a toxicidade ovariana e uterina, fertilidade e parâmetros fetais de ratas /." Assis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/138314.
Full textBanca: Regildo Márcio Gonçalves da Silva
Banca: Eneri Vieira de Souza Leite Mello
Resumo: A Agave sisalana (sisal) é amplamente cultivada em território brasileiro. Foi constatada a presença de cinco saponinas esteroidais nessa planta, responsáveis por várias atividades farmacológicas, destacando-se as atividades antifúngica e anti-inflamatória. Popularmente, o sisal ainda é utilizado para o tratamento de doenças hepáticas, tuberculose e sífilis. Devido à sua ação detergente, as saponinas são dotadas de efeito tóxico em função de sua propriedade de causar ruptura em eritrócitos, liberando hemoglobina, além de outros efeitos ainda relacionados à lise celular como as ações inseticida, anti-helmíntica e ictiotóxica. Considerando-se as diversas ações farmacológicas da A. sisalana e seu amplo uso na medicina popular, torna-se necessário investigar seus possíveis efeitos colaterais na reprodução feminina, os quais ainda não foram relatados na literatura
Abstract: The Agave sisalana (sisal) is largely cultivated in Brazil. It was found the presence of five steroidal saponins that plant, responsible for various pharmacological activities, especially the anti-fungal and anti-inflammatory activities. Popularly, sisal is also used for the treatment of liver diseases, tuberculosis and syphilis. Due to its detergent action, saponins are equipped with toxic effect due to its property to cause disruption in erythrocytes, releasing hemoglobin, and other effects still related to cell lysis as the actions insecticide, anthelmintic and ichthyotoxic. Considering the various pharmacological actions of A. sisalana and its widespread use in folk medicine, it is necessary to investigate their possible side effects on female reproduction, which have not yet been reported in the literature
Mestre
Bezerra, Marcelo Barbosa [UNESP]. "Folículos ovarianos pré-antrais bovinos: cultivo in vitro e xenotransplante." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/105930.
Full textConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
Objetivou-se testar diferentes protocolos de cultivo in vitro e in vivo de folículos ovarianos pré-antrais de fetos bovinos. Para tanto, um total de 41 ovários de fetos bovinos foram obtidos em matadouro, transportados e utilizados para o cultivo in vitro (n=20) e para o xenotransplante (n=21). Após processados no laboratório em fragmentos entre 0,5 e 1 mm3 foram encaminhados para os cultivos O cultivo in vitro baseou-se em protocolo bem sucedido de cultivo de FOPA em caprinos e testou diferentes fontes de macromoléculas e a utilização do azul de tripan na viabilidade dos tecidos cultivados a uma atmosfera controlada de 5% CO2 em ar, a 38,5°C e nutridos com dMEM (300 mOsm/L, pH 7,2) suplementado com antibióticos, ITS, piruvato de sódio, glutamina, hipoxantina, dAMPc, bFSH e IGF-I. A depender do tratamento, foi adicionado BSA (0,1%) SFB (10%) ou PVA (1%). O cultivo in vivo de FOPA foi executado por xenotransplante sob a cápsula renal num total de 65 camundongas imunodeficientes. Desenvolveu-se uma técnica de biopsia e verificou-se o efeito do tempo de transplante (30, 60 e 30 e 60 dias após o transplante) sobre a percentagem e a viabilidade de FOPA bem como a possível presença de folículos antrais. Num segundo momento, 32 receptoras receberam estímulo hormonal de 10 UI de eCG (n=18) e 10 UI r-hFSH (n=14). Os resultados mostraram que o cultivo com PVA apresentou FOPA normais em percentagem semelhante aos cultivos com BSA e PVA. Quanto ao cultivo por xenotransplante, observou-se o crescimento sucessivo de FOPA até estádios antrais ao longo do tempo de transplante (> 30 dias). O resultado das estimulações exógenas apresentou folículos antrais com oócitos que apresentaram o cumulus expandido em 2/5 (40%) dos oócitos selecionados para MIV de cada um dos tratamentos propostos. Concluindo, FOPA oriundos de fetos bovinos podem ser cultivados por pelo menos 8 dias em PVA...
This study aimed to evaluate different protocols of in vitro and in vivo preantral follicles (PFs) culture from bovine fetus. Thus, a total of 41 fetal bovine ovaries, from a slaughterhouse, were collected and transported at laboratory for in vitro culture (n=20) and for xenotransplantation (n=21), after processing into small cortical pieces measuring between 0,5 and 1mm3 the slices were cultured. The in vitro culture was based on well successful protocol of preantral follicles in caprine and tested different sources of macromolecules and trypan blue viability of cultured tissues cultured at controlled atmosphere (5%CO2 in air, 39°C). The culture medium used was dMEM (300 mOsm/L, pH 7, 2) supplemented with antibiotics, ITS, sodium pyruvate, glutamine, hypoxanthine, dAMPc, bFSH, and IGF-I. Depending of treatment, was added BSA (0,1%), FCS (10%) or PVA (1%). In vivo culture of preantral follicles was carried out by xenotransplantation under renal capsule of immunodeficient females mice (total of 65) that were submitted to a biopsy technique previously developed for tissue collection and to verify the effectiveness of time of transplantation (30, 60 and 30 and 60 days post surgery) under percentage and viability as well as putative growth of PFs to antral follicles. At second stage, 32 recipient mice were submitted to hormonal stimuli with 10 IU of eCG (n=18) and 10 IU of r-hFSH (n=14). The results showed that PVA culture presented normally PF in similar distribution when compared with BSA and PVA culture. Regarding xenotransplantation, successive growth of PF until antral stages was observed belong time of transplantation. Exogenous stimulation presented oocytes with expanded cumulus in 2/5 (40%) of selected oocytes for IVM from each treatment. Conclusively PFs from fetal bovine ovaries can be cultured at PVA at least 8 days and grows until antral stages after xenotransplantation procedures... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Illa, Armengol Míriam. "Brain effects of fetal growth restriction and their prevention in an animal model." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/565667.
Full textRosa, Josy Alvarenga Cal. "Avaliação morfofuncional do desenvolvimento da articulação do joelho em fetos humanos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10132/tde-18082015-150715/.
Full textThe knee joint has been widely studied in recent decades. This intense interest can be seen from the perspective of the joint complexity and its clinical importance. However, there is little information about morphological and ultrastructural aspects of the development of this joint, particularly in human fetuses within different age, which could serve as a theoretical basis for cartilage repair strategies and tissue engineering, as well as contributing for a better understanding of diseases and malformation during the development of joint components. Thus, considering the importance of morphological and functional aspects of normal cartilaginous tissue development in the human knee joint, this research was performed with human fetuses covering the age range 16 to 31 weeks of intrauterine life. Twenty (20) fetuses were divided into 4 groups (n = 5) as follows: Group 1 (G1): 16-19 weeks, Group 2 (G2): 20-23 weeks, Group 3 (G3): 24-27 weeks and Group 4 (G4): 28-31 weeks. For the femoral and tibial epiphysis cartilage in the knee joint, it was performed morphometric analysis regarding area of chondrocytes, percent density of chondrocytes and extracellular matrix, stereological analysis of the chondrocytes volume and qualitative analysis of the distribution, organization and characterization of collagen fibers using picrosirius staining under analysis with polarized light. It was also analyzed the ultrastructure by scanning electron microscopy. Facing the proposed methodology and the results regarding the morphological evaluation of the middle region of both femur and tibia epiphysis, it was concluded that the area and the volume of the chondrocytes, as well as the density of extracellular matrix increased with advancing age, while the percent density of chondrocytes decreased. In the middle region of the epiphysis, immature cartilage of younger fetuses, initially with characteristics of a proliferation zone starts to present, in older fetuses, characteristics of maturation zone, presenting larger chondrocytes and more distant from each other. In the epiphysis cartilage surface, the organization and orientation of the collagen fibers changed in different groups, from an irregular orientation in the younger fetuses group, to a pantograph organization in the most developed fetuses group. Finally, it was observed the relationship between the cartilage development and the changes in the collagen fibers organization and orientation in order to obtain the cartilage properties required at each stage of the development, such as tensile strength, resistance to compression and ability to distribute loads
Kohatsu, Mario Henrique Yukio. "Análise dos resultados dos procedimentos invasivos para estudo do cariótipo fetal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5139/tde-22012013-154721/.
Full textObjective: The purpose of this study is to characterize the indications of pregnant women who seek the Fetal Medicine Service of Hospital das Clínicas of São Paulo University to perform invasive diagnostic procedures and evaluate the results of fetal karyotypes and their pregnancies from February 2005 to December 2009. Methods: Retrospective observational study of pregnant women who underwent CVS, amniocentesis or cordocentesis. Other diagnostic or therapeutic procedures were not included. The outcomes of pregnancies were obtained through consultation of medical records and/or telephone contact. Results: 113 CVS, 340 amniocentesis and 260 cordocentesis were performed. The main indication for performing invasive procedure was the presence of fetal anomaly (69.8%), followed by increased nuchal translucency (13.4%) and maternal age (10.2%). The trisomy of chromosome 18 was the most common aneuploidy (8.1%), followed by trisomy 21 (6.2%), 45,X0 (4.8%), and trisomy 13 (3.8%). There were 4.9 % of miscarriage, 25.7% of stillbirth and 13% of neonatal deaths. Eight women opted for legal termination of pregnancies. 99% of pregnant women whose fetus had no structural abnormalities and normal karyotype had a live child. CONCLUSION: The main indication for karyotyping was the presence of fetal malformation in 69.8% of pregnancies and chromosomal abnormalities was found in 26.23% of the fetuses.
Leitão, Jessica Matheus, and Universidade Estadual de Campinas Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cirurgia. "Modelo experimental para criação intra-utero de fissuras labiopalatinas em ratos." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310459.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: A fissura labiopalatina (FLP) é a anormalidade congênita mais comum da face. As fissuras labiais (FL) e palatinas podem ser associadas, porém são etiologicamente diferentes. Essas malformações levam a um aspecto facial anormal e à fala defeituosa. Modelos animais têm sido utilizados para estudar a embriogênese e a patogênese das FLP por meio da criação cirúrgica fetal em animais de grande e pequeno porte. O modelo experimental em fetos de ratos já foi testado e possui as vantagens de ter menor custo, menor tempo de gestação, maior disponibilidade de fetos por gravidez (8 a 12 fetos) e menor índice de abortamento e de trabalho de parto prematuro. Embora o modelo de rato tenha sido testado, a idade gestacional (IG) ideal para a criação do defeito não está claramente padronizada. O objetivo deste estudo foi validar o modelo cirúrgico de FLP em fetos de ratos determinando a melhor idade gestacional. Ratas Sprague-Dowley grávidas (n=16) em três diferentes idades gestacionais (17,5, 18,5 e 19,5 dias de gestação) (termo=22 dias) foram submetidas à laparotomia, o focinho do feto escolhido para o defeito foi exposto da cavidade uterina e com um punch dermatológico de 3mm demarcou-se no lábio superior o ponto médio entre a linha média facial e a comissura labial esquerda. Após a demarcação do punch, criou-se a FLP cortando um triângulo externamente à circunferência da demarcação do punch. Após confecção da FLP, retornou-se o feto à cavidade do útero, fechando-a pela sutura previamente realizada. Cada feto com FLP foi comparado a um feto controle (C) e outro SHAM (S). No dia 21,5 de gestação, os fetos foram retirados do útero foram pesados, fotografados e sacrificados, os crânios foram removidos e fixados em solução fixadora de formol 10% e corados para H&E em cortes de 5µm de espessura para a caracterização dos tecidos e verificação da existência da FLP e possível reepitelização do lábio operado. Nos dias 17,5, 18,5 e 19,5 foram operadas respectivamente 4, 7 e 5 ratas. O número de fetos considerados foi respectivamente 15 FLP, 15 C e 15 SHAM. Na avaliação macroscópica das FLP dos dias 17,5, 18,5 e 19,5 foi observado depressão na região do defeito, assimetria e retração labial. O padrão descritivo da histologia das FLP demonstrou ausência de interrupção completa do lábio operado e regeneração parcial da fissura no dia 17,5, ausência de interrupção completa do lábio operado e regeneração parcial das bordas das fissuras no dia 18,5 e nodia 19,5 completa interrupção do lábio e bordas da FLP afastadas. Nas três idades gestacionais selecionadas todos os fetos apresentaram FLP sem diferença macroscópica aparente. Entretanto, na avaliação histológica, verificou-se que na idade gestacional de 19,5 dias os fetos apresentaram FLP com maiores semelhanças às fissuras que ocorrem naturalmente ou por meio de indução não-cirúrgica. O modelo mostrou-se factível e a melhor idade gestacional para a confecção das FLP em ratos foi a de 19,5 DG.
Abstract: Cleft lip and palate (CLP) are the most frequent congenital defects of the face. CLP can occur in association, although they don't share the same etiology. These defects may impose face abnormalities and speech problems. Animal models have been used to study embriogenesis and pathogenesis of cleft lip and palate and surgical cleft confection in fetuses of both large and small animals have been described. Fetal rat model has been validated and has the advantages of lower cost, shorter gestation, more fetuses per pregnancy and less abortion and premature labor. Although rat model is in use, the ideal gestational day for cleft confection has never been studied. This study aimed to validate the surgical model for CLP in rat fetuses, determining the ideal gestational day. Pregnant Sprague-Dowley rats (n=16) underwent laparotomy for fetal exposure in three gestational moments (day 17.5, 18.5 and 19.5), being term on 22nd day. Fetal head was exposed and a 2mm punch used to mark the superior lip between midline and left commissure and then CLP created laterally through a triangular excision. For every operated fetus one control (C) and one Sham (S) fetus were present. On day 21.5, fetuses were removed, photographed, weighed and euthanized. Heads were fixed in formaline and 5µm slices stained with hematoxylin eosin for cleft visualization and analysis of reepitelization. A total of 45 fetuses were included, being 15 CLP, 15 C and 15 S. Macroscopic analysis of CLP revealed depression at the defect, lip retraction and asymmetry. Microscopy demonstrated on day 17.5 absence of lip interruption and partial wound regeneration. On day 18.5 lip interruption and partial wound regeneration were identified. On day 19.5 there was complete lip interruption as well as reepitelization of wound borders. All fetuses presented same macroscopic findings, independent of gestational day of operation. Differently, histology demonstrated that fetuses operated on day 19.5 presented CLP most similar to those occurring spontaneously or induced. In this study we confirmed model feasibility and demonstrated that the best gestational age to perform CLP is on day 19.5 of gestation.
Mestrado
Pesquisa Experimental
Mestre em Cirurgia
Aboalela, Noran. "Acquired epigenetic and chromosomal changes in women treated for breast cancer." VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3554.
Full textYoshizaki, Carlos Tadashi. "Avaliação do volume e dos índices de vascularização dos rins fetais por meio da ultrassonografia tridimensional: proposta de valores de referência." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5139/tde-19092012-090020/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: The fetal renal function is traditionally evaluated by ultrasound aspect, by biochemical analysis of fetal urine together with an accurate diagnosis of the nature of the lesion. Biochemical analysis of the urine is a invasive evaluation and presents risks maternal and fetal. The evaluation by means of ultrasound is noninvasive method and the presence of oligohydramnios is indicative of renal dysplasia serious, however of late diagnosis in cases of renal pathology fetal. The volume fetal renal can correlate with its function and may be assessed by means of twodimensional ultrasound. However, this method presents an underestimation in the calculation of volume, already by means of three-dimensional ultrasonography shows greater precision and accuracy in assessing the volume fetal renal. The threedimensional Power Doppler ultrasonography is the ideal examination to evaluate the vascularization of the parenchyma of fetal organs and may be useful in the evaluation of the function of the fetal kidney. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to use threedimensional ultrasonography coupled to Power Doppler and elaborate curves with reference values of the volume and indices of vascularization of fetal kidneys according to the gestational age. METHODS: A prospective study was performed and cross-sectional in pregnant women without pathology with fetuses only normal between 20 full weeks to 39 weeks and 6 days that were evaluated by means of three-dimensional ultrasonography coupled to Power Doppler. We calculated the volume and the index of vascularization of fetal kidneys, built to the curves of normality. The tests were performed with significance level of 5 %. The variation intra and interobserver were also analyzed. RESULTS: Two hundred and thirteen fetuses were analyzed, in 211 cases examined whether the right kidney; in 209, the left kidney and in 204 the indexes of vascularization. The results were illustrated in dispersion graphs with their normal ranges with percentiles 5, 10, 25, 50, 75, 90 and 95 and created a table with the equations to estimate measures of renal volume and indices of vascularization by the regression models. To assess intra and interobserver measurements of volume and indices of vascularization of fetal kidneys showed good reproducibility. CONCLUSION: The measures of renal volume fetal vary exponentially, along the gestational age, of agreement with the values of reference proposed and the measures of the indices of vascularization fetal renal, except the flow index, also vary exponentially, along the gestational age, of agreement with the reference values presented
Cruz, Bread Leandro Gomes da 1979. "Metabolismo proteico e estresse oxidativo em musculatura de fetos provenientes de ratas portadoras de tumor submetidas a dieta rica em leucina." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/314502.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Câncer acomete, aproximadamente, uma entre 3000 gravidezes e causa um terço de mortes maternas. A leucina é usada experimentalmente para minimizar as alterações do metabolismo protéico durante o crescimento tumoral. Este trabalho investigou os efeitos do crescimento tumoral sobre o metabolismo protéico e estresse oxidativo nos fetos provenientes de ratas alimentadas com dieta suplementada com leucina. Os grupos de fêmeas prenhes foram divididos da seguinte forma: controle (C), controle com dieta suplementada com leucina (L), tumor (W), tumor com dieta suplementada com leucina (WL), dieta pareada á ingestão diária das ratas do grupo W (Cp), dieta suplementada com leucina e pareada á ingestão diária das ratas do grupo WL (Lp). Após 20 dias de prenhes os músculos fetais foram analisados. Os resultados mostraram que a síntese protéica fetal foi reduzida no grupo W quando comparados aos outros grupos. Houve significativa recuperação da síntese protéica no músculo dos fetos WL sugerindo efeito positivo do uso de aminoácido de cadeia ramificada nessa situação. Ocorreu aumento significativo da degradação protéica nos fetos W. Essa perda protéica foi amenizada pelo uso da dieta suplementada com leucina indicando efeito benéfico sobre a degradação protéica no grupo WL que obteve valores similares ao observado no grupo C. A atividade da enzima glutationa-S-transferase ficou elevada no músculo de fetos WL em comparação com o grupo W. Também houve aumento na atividade da enzima fosfatase alcalina no grupo WL indicando maior atividade celular nesse grupo quando comparado ao grupo W. A presença de MDA (Malondialdeído) no músculo fetal também ficou reduzida nos fetos WL. Com a análise desses parâmetros conclui-se que a dieta suplementada com leucina pode alterar o metabolismo muscular fetal aumentando a síntese protéica e reduzindo o efeito danoso do estresse oxidativo.
Abstract: Cancer occurs in approximately 1 per 3.000 pregnancies and accounts for one-third of maternal deaths. Leucine has been used experimentally to minimize the protein metabolism changes during tumor growth. The present work investigated the effects of tumor growth on muscle protein metabolism and oxidative stress in fetus pregnant rats fed a leucine-rich diet. Fetal groups from pregnant Wistar rats were: control (C), control fed leucine-rich diet (L), tumor-bearing (W), tumor-bearing fed leucine-rich diet (WL), Pair-fed control (P) and Pair-fed Leucine (PL). After 20 days the fetal muscles were analyzed. The results showed that fetal protein synthesis was decreased in W group, when compared to the other groups. The significantly recover on muscle protein synthesis in fetus of WL group suggested a positive effect of this branched-chain amino acid. There was a significant increase on protein degradation in W fetus and a protective effect of the leucine-rich diet on muscle protein waste in WL group, since it was similar to C group. The muscle enzyme glutathione-S-transferase activity was increased in WL fetus in comparison to W group. The muscle alkaline phosphatase activity increased in WL group. The malondialdehyde content (MDA) in fetal muscle was decreased in WL fetus. The leucine supplemented diet can alter the fetal muscle protein metabolism, improving the fetal muscle protein synthesis and reducing the oxidative stress.
Mestrado
Fisiologia
Mestre em Biologia Funcional e Molecular
Schmidt, Augusto Frederico Santos. "Efeiro do tratamento pré-natal com ácido retinóico na expressão pulmonar de VEGF e seus receptores VEGFR1 e VEGFR2 no modelo animal de hérnia diafragmática congênita induzida pelo nitrofen." [s.n.], 2010. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310453.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: A hérnia diafragmática congênita (HDC) é uma doença grave com alta mortalidade devido à hipoplasia e hipertensão pulmonar. A via do ácido retinóico tem sido implicada na patogênese da HDC e pode ser uma alternativa de intervenção na promoção da alveolarização e vascularização pulmonar. O fator de crescimento vascular do endotélio (VEGF - Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor) e seus receptores VEGFR1 e VEGFR2 têm importante função no crescimento e na vascularização pulmonar, e, possivelmente, na patogênese da HDC. No entanto, não se conhece como o tratamento pré-natal com ácido retinóico pode afetar a vascularização pulmonar e seus fatores de crescimento. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar o efeito do tratamento pré-natal com ácido retinóico na vascularização pulmonar e na expressão pulmonar de VEGF e seus receptores VEGFR1 e VEGFR2 em fetos de rato com HDC induzida pelo nitrofen (2,4-dicloro-4'nitrodifenil éter). Fetos de ratas Sprague-Dawley prenhes foram divididos em oito grupos: 1) controle externo, 2) placebo óleo nitrofen; 3) placebo óleo ácido retinóico, 4) tratados com ácido retinóico, 5) expostos ao nitrofen sem HDC, 6) expostos ao nitrofen com HDC, 7) expostos ao nitrofen sem HDC e tratados com ácido retinóico, 8) expostos ao nitrofen com HDC e tratados com ácido retinóico. Nitrofen foi administrado por via oral (gavagem) com 9,5 dias de gestação. Ácido retinóico foi administrado por via intraperitoneal com 18,5, 19,5 e 20,5 dias de gestação na dose de 5 mg/kg/dia, a coleta fetal foi realizada com 21,5 dias (termo=22 dias). Cada grupo fetal foi composto por 25 fetos. As variáveis morfológicas estudadas foram: peso corporal (PC), peso pulmonar total (PPT), peso do pulmão esquerdo (PPE) e a relação peso pulmonar total / peso corporal (PPT/PC). A morfologia pulmonar foi estudada pela mensuração da média linear de interceptação (MLI) e seus componentes diâmetro interno dos espaços aéreos (DEA) e a relação de comprimento de transecção do parênquima / espaço aéreo (MCTP). A morfologia vascular foi estudada pela mensuração do diâmetro externo (DE), diâmetro interno (DI) e espessura proporcional da camada muscular média (ECM) de arteríolas pulmonares de resistência. A expressão de VEGF e dos receptores VEGFR1 e VEGFR2 foi analisada por meio de imunoistoquímica e western blotting. Os dados morfológicos e morfométricos foram analisados pelo teste ANOVA com pós-teste de Tukey-Kramer, a avaliação semiquantitativa da imunoistoquímica foi analisada pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis com pós-teste de Dunn, sendo considerados significativos valores de p<0,05 para ambos os testes. A freqüência de HDC observada entre os fetos expostos ao nitrofen foi de 40%. As variáveis morfológicas apresentaram diminuição significativa nos grupos expostos ao nitrofen, especialmente nos fetos com HDC (p<0,05). O tratamento com ácido retinóico não alterou as variáveis morfométricas pulmonares. Fetos com HDC apresentaram aumento da ECM, enquanto o tratamento com ácido retinóico reduziu a ECM nos fetos com HDC (p<0.001). A presença de HDC levou à diminuição da expressão de VEGF, VEGFR1 e VEGFR2, enquanto o tratamento com ácido retinóico recuperou a expressão de VEGF e VEGFR1. A alteração sinalização da via do VEGF na HDC pode estar associada à patogênese da hipoplasia e da hipertensão pulmonar. O tratamento pré-natal com ácido retinóico pode fornecer vias para tratamento da hipertensão pulmonar na HDC por meio da redução da ECM das arteríolas pulmonares e recuperação do VEGF e seus receptores
Abstract: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a life-threatening disease with high mortality due to the pulmonary hypertension and hypoplasia. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 play a major role in lung vascularization, growth, and possibly in the pathogenesis of CDH. However it is not know how prenatal treatment with retinoic acid can affect lung vascularization by acting on the VEGF signaling. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of antenatal retinoic acid treatment on the expression of pulmonary VEGF and its receptors VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 in rat fetuses with CDH induced by nitrofen. Fetuses from pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats (term=22 days) were divided in eight groups: 1) external control, 2) placebo oil nitrofen, 3) placebo oil retinoic acid, 4) treated with retinoic acid, 5) exposed to nitrofen without CDH, 6) exposed to nitrofen with CDH, 7) exposed to nitrofen without CDH and treated with retinoic acid, 8) exposed to nitrofen with CDH and treated with retinoic acid. Nitrofen (2,4- dichloro-4'-nitrodiphenyl ether) was administered by gavage (100 mg) at 9,5 days of gestation. Retinoic acid was administered intraperitoneally on days 18.5, 19.5 and 20.5 of gestation (5 mg/kg), harvest was performed at 21.5 days (term =22 days). Each fetal subgroup was composed of 25 fetuses. The morphologic variables studied were: body weight, total lung weight, left lung weight, and total lung weight to body weight ratio. Pulmonary morphometry was studied by measuring the mean linear intercept and its components: internal diameter of airspaces and mean transection length / airspace. Vascular morphometry was studied by measuring the external diameter, internal diameter and proportionate thickness of the medial muscular layer of pulmonary resistance arterioles. Immunohistochemistry and Western blotting analysis were used to assess VEGF, VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2 expression. Data was analyzed using ANOVA with Tukey's post-test and immunohistochemistry was studied semiquantitatively using Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn's post-test. The frequency of CDH was 40%. The morphological variables showed reduction in the nitrofen group with and without CDH, which were more pronounced in the latter (p<0.05). Retinoic acid did not affect fetal morphology. There was no difference in pulmonary morphometry among groups. Fetuses with CDH had increased proportionate thickness of the medial muscular layer of pulmonary arterioles, while treatment with retinoic acid reduced this variable in fetuses with CDH (p<0.001). Fetuses with CDH had reduced VEGF, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 expression, while retinoic acid treatment restored expression VEGF and VEGFR1. VEGF signaling disruption may be associated with pulmonary hypertension in CDH. Retinoic acid may provide a pathway for acting on pulmonary hypertension by reducing medial thickness of pulmonary arterioles and restoring expression of VEGF and its receptors
Doutorado
Cirurgia
Doutor em Ciências da Cirurgia
Cardoso, Viviane de Souza. "ESTUDO CL?NICO-CIR?RGICO E MORFOM?TRICO DA REGENERA??O ?SSEA EM XENOIMPLANTE BOVINO E ALOIMPLANTE EM T?BIA DE C?ES TRATADOS E N?O TRATADOS COM NIMESULIDE." Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, 2003. https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/925.
Full textCoordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
The headquartered fractures in the appendixes of the small animals represent great portion of the service in surgical clinics. The purpose of this work was evaluate the bone regeneration with the use of allografts or bovine fetus xenografts, conserved in solution of cefalotina sodic neutral to 0,5%. Twenty adult mongrel dogs were used. We done ostectomia of a fragment of the tibia of the receptor dogs with dimensions same to 10mm x 4mm where then in its place, it was put the allograft or xenograft, in agreement with the group to which belonged the animal. Clinically, support of the limb was observed in the subsequent day to the surgery and general state of the animal. The radiographic evaluation was accomplished before the surgical procedure and in the postoperative immediate, on the 15, 30, 45 and 60 days of evolution. In 15 days beginning of formation of bone callus was observed in the allograft group, already in the xenograft group this was observed to the 30 days in almost all the animals. There were no evidence infection, of deformity or any other alteration in the operated timb, and we concluded that the allograft is incorporated faster than the xenograft, however not being discarded the use possibility of this use.
As fraturas sediadas nos ap?ndices locomotores dos pequenos animais representam grande parcela do atendimento em cl?nicas cir?rgicas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a regenera??o ?ssea com a utiliza??o de aloimplantes e de xenoimplantes de feto bovino em c?o, conservados em solu??o de cefalotina s?dica tamponada a 0,5%. Foram utilizados 20 c?es h?gidos, adultos, sem ra?a definida e de m?dio porte. Realizou-se ostectomia de um fragmento da t?bia dos c?es receptores de dimens?es iguais a 10mm x 4mm onde ent?o em seu lugar foi colocado o implante al?geno ou xen?geno, de acordo com o grupo ao qual pertencia o animal. Clinicamente, observou-se apoio do ap?ndice operado no dia posterior ao procedimento e estado geral do animal. A avalia??o radiogr?fica foi realizada antes do procedimento cir?rgico e no p?s-operat?rio imediato, aos 15, 30, 45 e 60 dias de evolu??o. Aos 15 dias observou-se in?cio de forma??o de calo ?sseo no grupo aloimplante, j? no grupo xenoimplante este foi observado aos 30 dias em quase todos os animais. N?o houve evid?ncia de infec??o, deformidade ou qualquer outra altera??o nos ap?ndices operados, e comparando-se os m?todos concluise que o aloimplante ? incorporado com maior velocidade que o xenoimplante, por?m n?o sendo descartada a possibilidade de utiliza??o deste.
Shahidullah, B. Sara. "Hearing in the fetus." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333792.
Full textHallgren, Joar. "Bas : Det är fett." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för musik och bild (MB), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-62840.
Full textMolina-Sepulveda, Roberto. "Hybridization of FETI Methods." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066455/document.
Full textIn this work new domain decomposition methods and new implementations for existing methods are developed. A new method based on previous domain decomposition methods is formulated. The classic FETI plus FETI-2LM methods are used to build the new Hybrid-FETI. The basic idea is to develop a new algorithm that can use both methods at the same time by choosing in each interface the most suited condition depending on the characteristics of the problem. By doing this we search to have a faster and more robust code that can work with configurations that the base methods will not handle it optimally by himself. The performance is tested on a contact problem. The following part involves the development of a new implementation for the S-FETI method, the idea is to reduce the memory usage of this method, to make it able to work in larger problem. Different variation for this method are also proposed, all searching the reduction of directions stored each iteration of the iterative method. Finally, an extension of the FETI-2LM method to his block version as in S-FETI, is developed. Numerical results for the different algorithms are presented
Goes, Claudio Eduardo. "Reconstrução tri-dimensional de imagens obstétricas de ultra-som utilizando linguagem computacional Java e OpenGL." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18133/tde-04092007-161911/.
Full textThis project of research deals with the laboration of a reconstruction system of obstetrics images of embryos in devices of ultrasound will be conventional the visualization of these images in three dimensions using the internet half of uses of the system, with the main objective provides to the medical gynecologists a better visualization of the format and the internal structures and in special the face of the embryo through the made process of three-dimensional reconstruction from a dataset of captured bi-dimensional images in conventional devices of ultrasound. The clinical uses of this project is foreseen will be the sector of obstetrics of the Hospital of the Clinics of Ribeirão Preto.
Gannon, Benedict William. "Specific lgG antibody responses to the surface layer proteins of Campylobacter fetus subsp. fetus." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.424043.
Full textToyama, Julio Mitsutomo. "O papel da dopplervelocimetria do ducto venoso de 11 a 13 6/7 semanas no rastreamento de anomalias cromossômicas, malformações estruturais e prognóstico fetal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5139/tde-13102014-101232/.
Full textObjective: To evaluate the association between abnormal ductus venosus at 11 - 13 6/7 weeks\' gestation and chromosomal abnormalities, structural defects and fetal outcome. Methods: Ductus venosus waveform (DVFVW) and nuchal translucency (NT) thickness were prospectively evaluated in 1221 singleton pregnancies. Results: The DVFVW was abnormal in 84 cases, NT was above the 95th centile in 160 cases and both markers were observed in 41 fetuses. Chromosomal defects were diagnosed in 22 fetuses. The sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values for an abnormal karyotype were respectively 86.4%, 86.9%, 11.9% for an increased NT; 68.2%, 96.9%, 31.3% for DVFVW abnormalities and 68.2%, 97.6%, 36.6% for both markers. Regarding structural defects, this values were 43.8%, 92.9%, 8.3% for an abnormal NT, 25%, 92.6%, 4.8% for DVFVW abnormalities and 25%, 97.9%, 15.4% for both. Considering those cases of unexplained fetal demise, the percentages were 44.4%, 85.9%, 5% for NT abnormalities, 22.2%, 92.6%, 4.8% for an abnormal DVFVW and 22.2%, 98%, 15.4% for both. In cases with increased NT measurement, the percentage of livebirths with normal karyotype and no major fetal structural defects decreased from 93.8% in normal DVFVW fetuses to 77.3%, when abnormal. Conclusion: Ductus venosus assessment at 11 - 13 6/7 weeks\' gestation is useful in screening for fetal chromosomal abnormalities and may help to reduce the false-positive rate when combining with NT thickness measurement. Abnormal DVFVW is also associated with an increase of adverse perinatal outcome in fetuses with enlarged NT. However, the value of DVFVW assessment in cases with normal NT measurement is unclear
Gonçalves, Frances Lilian Lanhellas 1979. "Avaliação da proteção e tratamento das alças intestinais fetais utilizando hidrogel (biomaterial) e S-nitrosoglutationa (GSNO) no modelo experimental de gastrosquise." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/310452.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas
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Resumo: Gastrosquise é um defeito congênito da parede abdominal anterior no qual as alças intestinais ficam herniadas e em contato com o líquido amniótico (LA) cuja exposição crônica resulta em várias disfunções intestinais no período pós-natal. Para reduzir o efeito danoso desta exposição utilizou-se em modelo animal, dosagens diferentes de S-nitrosoglutationa (GSNO), doador de óxido nítrico (NO) e para a concentração mais diluída acrescentou-se o hidrogel de N-isopropilacrilamida (NIPAAm) copolimerizado com ácido acrílico (Aac) para cobrir as alças fetais expostas fetais afim de avaliar o tratamento com NO e a proteção oferecida pelo biomaterial. A gastrosquise foi induzida cirurgicamente em fetos de ratas com 18,5 dias de gestação. Os fetos foram separados em dez grupos: controle externo (CE), gastrosquise (G), controle interno (CI), Sham (S), gastrosquise + adesivo de fibrina - Beriplast® (GA), gastrosquise + adesivo de fibrina + hidrogel seco (GAH), gastrosquise + GSNO a 50 µM (GNO1), gastrosquise + GSNO a 5 µM (GNO2), gastrosquise + GSNO a 0,5 µM (GNO3), gastrosquise + GSNO a 0,05 µM (GNO4), gastrosquise + adesivo de fibrina + hidrogel seco + GSNO a 0,05 µM (GAHNO4). Com 21,5 dias de gestação, os fetos foram colhidos por cesárea e o hidrogel foi cuidadosamente removido. Ao grupo GNO1 não foi dada continuidade, pois a dosagem foi nociva aos animais. Dados de peso corporal e intestinal foram aferidos e algumas amostras do intestino foram fixadas para estudo histométrico e imunoistoquímico e outras congeladas para western blotting e quimioluminescência. Resultados das medidas morfológicas e histométricas, como peso, diâmetro, espessura das camadas e da parede intestinal, demostraram que o grau de proteção e tratamento das alças intestinais foi eficaz nos grupos GAH e GAHNO4, pois apresentaram valores significamente menores, assim como os grupos CE e CI e diferente dos grupos G, GA, GNO2, GNO3 e GNO4 que indicaram processo inflamatório. A expressão das enzimas nNOS, iNOS e eNOS por meio de western blotting e imunoistoquímica dimunuiu principalmente nos grupos GAH, GNO4 e GAHNO4 ficando iguais aos grupos CE e CI. A quantificação de nitrato e nitrito (NOx) no intestino e no LA por quimioluminescência nos grupos G, CI e S, mostrou que o NO se difunde do tecido intestinal para o LA, no grupo G e isso pode ser a causa para o aumento da expressão da enzima NOS. Sendo assim, a aplicação do hidrogel aderido pelo adesivo de fibrina mostrou servir como uma efetiva proteção das alças herniadas e o tratamento concomitante com GSNO a 0,05 ?M também ajudou na redução significante da inflamação na gastrosquise
Abstract: Gastroschisis is a congenital defect of the anterior abdominal wall in which the herniated bowel is in contact with the amniotic fluid (LA) whose chronic exposure results in several postnatal bowel dysfunction. To reduce the harmful effect of this exposure it was used in an animal model, different doses of S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO), donor of nitric oxide (NO) and the more dilute concentration was added to the hydrogel of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) copolymerized acrylic acid (Aac) to cover the exposed fetal handles in order to assess fetal treatment with NO and the protection offered by the biomaterial. Gastroschisis was surgically induced in fetuses of female Sprague-Dawley rats at 18.5 days of gestation. The fetuses were separated into ten groups: external control (CE), gastroschisis (G) internal control (CI), Sham (S), gastroschisis + fibrin adhesive - Beriplast® (GA), gastroschisis + fibrin adhesive + dry hydrogel (GAH), gastroschisis + 50 µM GSNO (GNO1), gastroschisis + 5 µM GSNO (GNO2), gastroschisis + 0.5 µM GSNO (GNO3), gastroschisis + 0.05 µM GSNO (GNO4), gastroschisis + fibrin adhesive + dry hydrogel + to 0.05 ?M GSNO (GAHNO4). On day 21.5 of gestation, fetuses were collected by cesarean section and the hydrogel was carefully removed. The group GNO1 was not given continuity, because the dosage was harmful to the animals. Data of body weight and intestinal samples were measured and some intestinal samples were fixed for immunohistochemical and histometric study and the others were frozen for western blotting and chemiluminescence. Results of morphological and histometric measures such as weight, diameter and thickness of the intestinal wall, showed that the degree of protection and treatment of bowel was effective in groups GAH and GAHNO4 because they showed significantly lower values, as well as groups CE and CI and different from groups G, GA, GNO2, GNO3 and GNO4 that indicated inflammatory process. The expression of nNO, iNOS and eNOS enzymes by western blotting and immunohistochemistry decreased especially in groups GAH, GNO4 and GAHNO4, getting the same results as the CE and CI groups. Quantification of nitrate and nitrite (NOx) by chemiluminescence in the bowel and LA of groups G, S and CI showed that NO diffused from the intestinal tissue to LA in the group G and this may be the cause for the increased expression of the NOS enzymes. Therefore, the application of hydrogel joined by fibrin adhesive showed an effective protection of the herniated bowel and concomitant treatment with GSNO at 0.05 ?M, also helped in significant reduction in inflammation in gastroschisis
Doutorado
Fisiopatologia Cirúrgica
Doutor em Ciências
Coe, Benjamin Lloyd. "Obesity a growing concern about fetal nutrition /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4636.
Full textThe entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (February 6, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
Lam, Yung-hang. "Sonographic features of fetuses with homozygous [alpha]-thalassaemia-1 during early pregnancy." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23373295.
Full textRebelo, Joana Isabel Morais Dias Correia. "Síndrome de transfusão feto-renal." Master's thesis, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/63610.
Full textRebelo, Joana Isabel Morais Dias Correia. "Síndrome de transfusão feto-renal." Dissertação, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/63610.
Full textPaula, Fernanda de. "Mapeamento dos canais de água no processo de morfogênese das glândulas salivares humanas: estudo topográfico das aquaporinas 1,3 e 5." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5133/tde-10082016-125353/.
Full textIntroduction: The human salivary glands morphogenesis depends on complex processes during the development period until they reach full structural maturity to perform its function - the synthesis and secretion of saliva. The saliva is a complex aqueous fluid considered essential to health and homeostasis of the oral cavity; its synthesis depends on several molecular mechanisms, including the transport of water, solutes, ions, amongst others across the cell membranes. The aquaporin family of proteins is essential in this process. This protein family consists of thirteen members that form channels across the cell membrane facilitating water and small solutes transportation, crucial to the regulation of quality and quantity of secreted saliva. Aims: In this scenario, we evaluated, using the immunohistochemistry technique, the expression pattern of aquaporins 1, 3 and 5 in the different phases of salivary glands development, in order to understand the role of these protein in the formation of human salivary gland morphogenesis. Methodology: 47 specimens of paraffin embedded human salivary glands at various developmental phases were included in the study. The specimens were derived from various sites of the oral cavity of 20 human fetuses aged between 14 and 25 weeks of gestation. All specimens were subjected to the imunohistochemical immunoperoxidase technique. The results were qualitatively and semiquantitatively analyzed according to the stage of glandular morphogenesis and express location of aquaporin. Results: In the bud stage, there was expression of aquaporin 1, 3 and 5 in all glandular epithelial cells; in pseudoglandular stage, the expression of these proteins was seen in rudimentary ducts (except aquaporin-1) and the terminal end buds (future acini); in the canalicular phase the aquaporins were mainly detected in the rudimentary ducts and acini. Finally, in terminal bud stage, the aquaporin 3 and 5 were detected in the membranes of the ducts and acinar cells expressed all aquaporins. Conclusion: This study showed the presence of aquaporins 1, 3 and 5 in human salivary glands during embryogenesis period. The topographic analysis of these proteins allowed us to identify differences in the expression pattern between the different structural regions and stages of glandular development, suggesting different roles for each of these proteins
Benute, Glaucia Rosana Guerra. "Do diagnóstico de malformação fetal letal à interrupção da gravidez: psicodiagnóstico e intervenção." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5139/tde-20052011-113933/.
Full textThis research is about the termination of pregnancy in situations where lethal fetal malformation has been diagnosed, and the psychic process that the patient goes through in these cases. The study was done with some consideration for the historical and political process of reproduction and sexuality, exploring aspects about the cultural context of abortion, the beginning of human life, issues about bioethics, and specific Brazilian laws on abortion. It discusses the point of view of the Catholic Church on the termination of pregnancy. This research also explores questions about Brazilian laws, fetal medicine, and the psychic processes triggered after the diagnosis of fetal anomaly. This study was performed at the Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, in the Department of Obstetrics Between august, 1998 and December, 2003 open interviews was performed with 249 women after they have been diagnosed with lethal malformation of the fetus, and semi-direct interviews with 35 women after their pregnancy had been terminated. The objective of this research was not only to identify the psychic process women undergo after the diagnosis of lethal fetal malformation, during the decision-making process for the judicial intervention in the pregnancy, and after the termination itself; but also to know their opinion about the function of the psychological consult in this process. The data analysis was quantitative and qualitative. The results show that the moment of the diagnosis is an experience that creates a temporary chaos that deprives logical reasoning, and this situation does not allow an immediate decision. It shows the distress experienced in the decision-making process, showing that a reflective process is essential to the conscious decision and to being satisfied with the decision once it has been made. The psychological follow-up was determined to be of essential importance to understanding this situation. The study concludes that the diagnosis of lethal malformation of the fetus triggers a defense mechanism to maintain the psychic equilibrium. A psychologist must follow the process of the decision through to the termination of the pregnancy in order to provide a moral and cultural reflection leading to the correct decision and minimizing the emotional distress for the patient.
Cheong, Kah-bik. "The use of volumetry by three-dimensional ultrasound in the first trimester." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43572339.
Full textBerglund, Camilla, and Eva Karlsson. "”Det feta barnet” : en diskursanalys av dagspressens framställning av barn som bedöms som överviktiga eller feta." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Social Work, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6695.
Full textThe aim of this undergraduate thesis was to examine the media’s portrayal of overweight and obese children and their surroundings, using the first and third dimensions of Fairclough’s three dimensional model for critical discourse analysis. The study addressed the following questions: How does the press, in this study represented by two newspapers, portray overweight and obese children? What discourses regarding overweight and obesity among children are the most prominent in these two newspapers? What risks and negative influences in the child’s surroundings are identified, and how are they described? What social representations can the images of overweight and obese children originate from? The analyzed material consisted of 62 articles from Dagens Nyheter and Aftonbladet, which were analyzed using the earlier mentioned method for discourse analysis, as well as the theory of social representations. The results showed that “the fat child” and its environment were portrayed exclusively in negative terms, and a discourse linking obesity and ill-health dominated a large part of the material. A number of risks, for example food risks and lifestyle risks said to play a part in the child’s ill-health were identified. Three social representations were identified throughout the material and said to contribute to, as well as result from, the images of “the fat child”.
Mukhtar, Lenah. "Evaluation of the Genetic Differences Between Two Subtypes of Campylobacter fetus (Fetus and Venerealis) in Canada." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/24402.
Full textHorst, Fabian. "Compact DC Modeling of Tunnel-FETs." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/668957.
Full textEn la última década, el transistor de efecto de campo con efecto túnel (TFET) ha ganado mucho interés y se maneja como un posible sucesor de la tecnología MOSFET convencional. El transporte de carga en un TFET se basa en el mecanismo de túnel de banda a banda (B2B) y, por lo tanto, la pendiente sub-umbral a temperatura ambiente puede superar el límite de 60 mV / dec. Para describir y analizar el comportamiento del TFET en las simulaciones de circuitos, esta disertación introduce un modelo compacto de CC para TFET de doble compuerta. El enfoque de modelado considera el efecto túnel B2B con el efecto parasitario de la corriente túnel asistida por trampas (TAT) en el estado ON y AMBIPOLAR del TFET. Incluye un paquete de ecuaciones compactas del potencial 2D para describir el diagrama de banda del TFET. Basado en el diagrama de banda, el B2B y la corriente TAT se derivan por separado. Para hacerlo, primero se encuentra una expresión compacta para la longitud túnel, que luego se utiliza junto con un enfoque numérico robusto de tipo Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) para calcular la probabilidad túnel. Luego, usando la ecuación de túnel de Landauer, la tasa de generación túnel se calcula y aproxima para llegar a una expresión de forma cerrada para la densidad de corriente. Con una aproximación adicional de la densidad de corriente por una función matemática, se logran expresiones compactas para el túnel B2B resultante y la corriente TAT. La verificación del modelo se realiza con la ayuda de los datos de simulación TCAD Sentaurus para varias configuraciones de simulación. Además, la validez del modelo se demuestra mediante mediciones de TFET complementarios fabricados. Para demostrar la estabilidad numérica y la continuidad, así como la flexibilidad, se realizan y analizan simulaciones de circuitos lógicos basados en TFET como un inversor de una sola etapa o una celda SRAM. La combinación del modelo CC con un modelo TFET AC permite una simulación transitoria de un oscilador en anillo de 11 etapas.
In the last decade, the tunnel field-effect transistor (TFET) has gained a lot of interest and is handled as a possible successor of the conventional MOSFET technology. The current transport of a TFET is based on the band-to-band (B2B) tunneling mechanism and therefore, the subthreshold slope at room temperature can overcome the limit of 60 mV/dec. In order to describe and analyze the TFET behavior in circuit simulations, this dissertation introduces a compact DC model for double-gate TFETs. The modeling approach considers the B2B tunneling and the parasitic effect of trap-assisted tunneling (TAT) in the ON- and AMBIPOLAR-state of the TFET. It includes a 2D compact potential equation package to de-scribe the band diagram of the TFET. Based on the band diagram, the B2B tunneling and TAT current part are derived separately. In order to do so, firstly a compact expression for the tunneling length is found, which is then used together with a numerical robust Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) approach to calculate the tunneling probability. Afterwards, using Landauer’s tunneling equation, the tunneling generation rate is calculated and approximated to come to a closed-form expression for the current density. Further approximation of the current density by a mathematical function, compact expressions for the resulting B2B tun-neling and TAT current are achieved. The verification of the model is done with the help of TCAD Sentaurus simulation data for various simulation setups. Furthermore, the validity of the model is proven by measurements of fabricated complementary TFETs. In order to demonstrate the numerical stability and continuity as well as the flexibility, simulations of TFET-based logic circuits like a single-stage inverter or an SRAM cell are performed and analyzed. The combination of the DC model with an TFET AC model allows for a transient simulation of an 11-stage ring oscillator.
Gerstenberger, Jens. "Wälzlagerschmierung mit Fett bei niedrigen Temperaturen." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=960188010.
Full textWard, Janelle Wendy-Ann. "Feto-placental metabolism : regulation by cortisol." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.619701.
Full textMoustafa, Moustafa. "Fetus safety in motor vehicle accidents." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2014. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/16308.
Full textSvanmark, Ellen, and Sara Sandström. "Omvårdnadsåtgärder hos överviktiga och feta barn." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-57111.
Full textPariľáková, Jana. "Menová politika FEDu do roku 1929." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-8193.
Full textWolf, Verena Hildegard Gyarfas. "Pesquisa da presença de parvovirus suino (PVS) em tecidos de fetos de suinos." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/317114.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: A qualidade reprodutiva de fêmeas de suínos é determinada pelos índices de retorno ao cio, tamanho da leitegada, abortos, natimortalidade e mumificação fetal, entre outros itens. Parvovírus suínos (PVS) pela passagem transplacentária em porcas, podem levar à morte fetos em diferentes idades gestacionais, sendo associados aos índices elevados de mumificação fetal no início da gestação quando esses não são imunocompetentes. Em estágios mais tardios da gestação, fetos imunocompetentes podem sobreviver à infecção por PVS e esses vírus são isolados de fetos abortados e natimomortos. De granjas tecnificadas, com vacinação contra a parvovirose, foram coletadas amostras de 39 fetos com idade gestacional acima de 70 dias, com o objetivo de associar PVS a problemas reprodutivos de fêmeas. A imunocompetência dos fetos foi comprovada já que 93,4% deles foi positivo na inibição da hemaglutinação Por imunoperoxidase, a proteína estrutural VP2 de PVS foi detectada por anticorpo monoclonal no citoplasma de células isoladas e individualizadas de pulmão (macrófagos alveolares), em múltiplas células do músculo cardíaco e em células estromais de timo (retículo-epiteliais), tanto de fetos natimortos como abortados. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante nesses achados entre fetos natimortos e abortados, mas tecidos do pulmão e do timo foram significativamente mais positivos que o coração. Por nested-PCR para o gene da proteína não estrutural NS-1 de PVS foram analisadas 108 amostras de tecidos de fetos natimortos, abortados e mumificados. O DNA viral foi detectado em 82,4% das amostras, sem diferença significativa para o tipo de feto, determinando que a parvovirose suína não deva ser caracterizada apenas como doença da mumificação fetal. A freqüência de identificação de PVS foi maior no pulmão (96,99%) e coração (93,33%) que no baço (54,91%), rim (69,56%) e timo (66,0%). Nos fetos com morte estimada entre 70 a 99 dias de gestação a detecção por nested-PCR foi maior (94,76%) que naqueles com 100 ou mais dias (55,57%). Houve diferença significativa na detecção de PVS em tecidos de fetos oriundos de porcas com menor (92,28%) e maior (65,43%) número de partos, o que sugere uma maior ocorrência da transmissão transplacentária em porcas mais jovens, submetidas a um menor número de vacinações. Mesmo em animais com anticorpos o DNA viral foi detectado, mostrando que a infecção ocorreu e se manteve independente da imunocompetência do feto. Ainda, nossos dados mostram que PVS estão associados tanto com a mumificação fetal, como com abortos e natimortalidade em suínos
Abstract: Swine female reproductive quality is mainly measured by return to estrus, litter size, abortion, stillbirth and mummies. Porcine parvovirus (PPV) transplacental infection is associated to fetal death at different gestacional age, and mostly with fetal mummification due to abscence of fetal immunecompetence in early pregnancy. In late gestational age, immunecompetent fetuses can survive the PPV infection and the virus may be isolated from stillbirth and aborted animals. From commercial vaccinated swine herds, thirty nine fetuses over 70 days of gestational age, so immunocompetent, were separated for analysis. The application of hemagglutination inhibition test confirm fetal immunecompetence in 93,4% of the samples. Viral antigen was detected in isolated individual cells of the lung (alveolar macrophage), in multiple miocardial cells and in stromal cells of the timus (epithelial-reticular), by immuneperoxidase staining using an anti-VP2 monoclonal antibody. These results were observed in stillbirth and aborted fetuses. There was no statistically significant difference for PPV infection in stillbirth and aborted fetuses, but lung and thymus were significantly more positive that the heart. The presence of virus in fetal tissues was analyzed by nested-PCR assay for the NS-1 gene of PPV in stillbirth, aborted fetuses and mummies. The viral DNA was detected in 82.4% of the samples, with no significant difference in the type of fetus, determining that the porcine parvovirosis should not be characterized only as a disease of fetal mummification. Using nested-PCR assay, the frequency of identification of PPV was higher in the lung (96,99%) and hearth (93,33%) than in the spleen (54,91%), thymus (66,0%) and kidney (69,5%). Fetuses which death estimated age more than 100 days old were less positive to PPV and a significant difference in PVS detection was detected in tissues from fetuses from sows with lower (92.28%) and highest (65.43%) number of parturitions. This suggests for a higher susceptibility of transmission in younger sows, submitted to a fewer vaccinations. PPV DNA were detection was independent of antibody presence in fetuses. Fetus immunecompetence did not prevent the infection by PPV and these viruses are associated with abortion, stillbirth and mummies
Doutorado
Microbiologia
Doutor em Genetica e Biologia Molecular
Wojciechowski, Valéria. "Reações iniciais e níveis de stress da gestante frente ao diagnóstico de malformação fetal não letal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-15102014-114135/.
Full textThis research was done with 40 pregnant woman that had received the diagnosis of non lethal fetal malformation. The emotional repercussions are described after the diagnosis; evaluation the relation between the type of malformation and the emotional repercussions; the presence and level of stress that these pregnant woman were in. A semidirected interview was done and the Inventory of Stress Symptoms by Lipp was applied. The results showed emotional repercussions such as shock and denial. There were no emotional differences associate with the degree or type of anomaly. And as for stress, it is present in the majority of the woman and is associated to individual interpretations of stress causes
Wong, Ho-man Simon. "Evaluation of a new fetal biometric normogram of the Hong Kong Chinese." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2010. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43958709.
Full textSterkel, Martin. "Ultra-Kurzkanal Tunnel-Feldeffekt-Transistoren auf Silizium- und SOI-Substraten." Göttingen Cuvillier, 2008. http://d-nb.info/990746445/04.
Full textGarcia, Luciana de Freitas. "Gastrosquise fetal isolada: relação entre dilatação intestinal e resultados perinatais adversos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5139/tde-06022012-174407/.
Full textObjectives: Evaluate bowel diameter as a predictor of adverse outcome in isolated fetal gastroschisis. Methods: Retrospective study involving 94 singleton pregnancies. Ultrasound measurements of herniated bowel transverse diameter (BTD) were performed up to 3 weeks before delivery. Adverse outcome was intrauterine/ neonatal death and/or bowel complications. Results: Last BTD was recorded at 35,6 ± 1,6 weeks and mean interval to delivery was 6,2 ± 5,0 days. Intrauterine/ neonatal death occurred in 10 (10,6%) cases; bowel complications were observed in 8 (8,5%). BTD 15, 20, 25 and 30mm were found in 87, 46, 13 and 4% of pregnancies with a favorable outcome, respectively. BTD 25 mm sensitivity was 38%, positive and negative predictive values, 38% and 87%. For BTD 30 mm, the values were: 19, 50 and 85%. Observed/expected BTD ROC curve showed an area of 0,67, with best cut-off at 1,39; prediction values were similar to those for BTD 25 mm. Bowel dilatation was also significantly associated with lower rate of primary surgical closure, longer period to full oral feeding and prolonged hospital stay. Conclusions: Bowel dilatation demonstrated up to 3 weeks before delivery is a predictor of intestinal complications and is associated with lower rate of primary surgical closure, longer period to achieve full oral feeding and hospital stay
Faruque, Shams Omar. "Power GaN FET Testing." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1418392583.
Full textWang, Peng-Fei. "Complementary tunneling-FETs (CTFET) in CMOS technology." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=970218257.
Full textGräf, Michael. "Two-Dimensional Analytical Modeling of Tunnel-FETs." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/450516.
Full textBasado en un mecanismo de transporte de corriente banda a banda, el Tunnel-FET es capaz de superar la limitación de pendiente sub-umbral física del MOSFET de 60 mV/dec. Por lo tanto, esto lo convierte en uno de los dispositivos más prometedores para ser el sucesor del MOSFET clásico en los últimos años. Esta tesis describe todos los pasos necesarios para modelar analíticamente un Tunnel-FET de doble puerta. El modelo incluye una solución electrostática bidimensional en todas las regiones del dispositivo, lo que permite incluso simulaciones de hetero-unión del dispositivo. Para un comportamiento más realista del dispositivo se tiene en cuenta el rendimiento del dispositivo que limita los perfiles de dopaje de forma Gaussiana en las uniones del canal. Las expresiones para las probabilidades de túnel de banda a banda y de Trap-Assisted-Tunneling (TAT) se implementan mediante un enfoque de WKB cuasi bidimensional. La corriente del dispositivo se calcula mediante la teoría de transmisión de Landauer. El modelo es válido para dispositivos de canal corto y las estancias están bien comparadas con los datos de simulación TCAD Sentaurus y con las mediciones proporcionadas. Se introduce un modelo general para las fluctuaciones del dopado aleatorio, que predice las influencias características del dispositivo en la corriente de salida y el voltaje umbral. El modelo se aplica al MOSFET, así como a los dispositivos TFET.
Based on a band-to-band current transport mechanism, the Tunnel-FET is able to overcome the physical subthreshold slope limitation of the MOSFET of 60 mV/dec. Therefore, it has become one of the most promising devices to be the successor of the classical MOSFET in the last few years. This thesis describes all necessary steps to analytically model a double-gate Tunnel-FET. The model includes a two-dimensional electrostatic solution in all device regions, which enables even hetero-junction device simulations. Device performance limiting Gaussian-shaped doping profiles at the channel junctions are taken into account for a realistic device behavior. Expressions for the band-to-band and trap-assisted-tunneling probabilities are implemented by a quasi two-dimensional WKB approach. The device current is calculated based on Landauer's transmission theory. The model is valid for short-channel devices and stays is good agreement with the TCAD Sentaurus simulation data and with the provided measurements. A general model for random-dopant-fluctuations is introduced, which predicts characteristic device influences on the output current and threshold voltage. The model is applied to MOSFET, as well as TFET devices.