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Academic literature on the topic 'Fertilization in vitro Economic aspects'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Fertilization in vitro Economic aspects"

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Mantovani, L. G. "Pharmaco-economic aspects of in-vitro fertilization in Italy." Human Reproduction 14, no. 4 (April 1, 1999): 953–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/14.4.953.

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Handwerker, Lisa. "Social and Ethical Implications of In Vitro Fertilization in Contemporary China." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 4, no. 3 (1995): 355–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100006101.

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In March 1988 the People's Republic of China announced the birth of the first test-tube baby born to a 39-year-old infertile peasant woman. This surprise announcement appeared in strong contradiction to China's population reduction goals amidst a population crisis. Yet, the media attention given to this medical achievement would seem to be consistent with the political, social, and economic changes taking place in the last decade, including technological innovation as the key to a modern socialist nation. In short, this announcement highlights tensions facing China as it simultaneously attempts to modernize within a trans-national economy, control population, and maintain traditional Confucian family values within a rapidly changing context.
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DALE, Laura M., André THEWIS, Ioan ROTAR, Christelle BOUDRY, Florin S. PĂCURAR, Bernard LECLER, Richard AGNEESSENS, Pierre DARDENNE, and Vincent BAETEN. "Fertilization Effects on the Chemical Composition and In vitro Organic Matter Digestibility of Semi-natural Meadows as Predicted by NIR Spectrometry." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 41, no. 1 (May 28, 2013): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha4119112.

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Management of livestock grazing in highly-productive mountain meadows is an important aspect for the economic viability and the environmental impact of a grassland-based farm. The main aim of this study was to build near infrared models to determine the chemical composition and in vitro organic matter digestibility of Romanian meadow forages. The treatments were organic and mineral fertilizer combinations, and forage samples were obtained from three fertilization experiments conducted in the Apuseni Mountains; these samples were analysed using classical and NIR methods. The samples were scanned in the NIR wavelength band. The CRA-W Gembloux ‘local’ calibration models were validated with Romanian meadow forages and then used in order to predict the forage quality of samples. A second objective of the study was to determine the effects of fertilization on forage quality. The results showed a decrease in crude protein content from the NPK treatment (150:75:75), which can be explained by a reduction of Fabaceae plants with this treatment from 17.25% of the populations in the control (semi-natural meadow not fertilized) to 6.25% in the fertilized plots. The decrease in protein content and in vitro organic matter digestibility was related to a reduced Fabaceae presence. Our recommendation is to use mineral fertilization with NPK doses less than 100:50:50 to improve meadow productivity; meanwhile organic fertilization can also be used to complement and maintain biodiversity and forage quality.
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Mares-Quiñones, María Daniela, and Juan Ignacio Valiente-Banuet. "Horticultural Aspects for the Cultivated Production of Piquin Peppers (Capsicum annuum L. var. glabriusculum)—A Review." HortScience 54, no. 1 (January 2019): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci13451-18.

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Piquin pepper [Capsicum annuum L. var. glabriusculum (Dunal) Heiser and Pickergill] is a semidomesticated pepper with high commercial value and wide applications as fresh or processed products. Piquin pepper plants have been difficult to domesticate and cultivate because of low seed germination, genetic and morphologic variability, insect and disease susceptibility, and limited environmental physiology information. Currently, seed sterility is no longer considered a limiting factor as hormonal, chemical, and thermal treatments have been developed to overcome seed dormancy. In vitro propagation (primarily by direct organogenesis) is still not reliable for seedling production. Cropping systems of piquin pepper plants include traditional methods such as agroforestry and full sunlight, and under protected horticulture conditions, mainly shade nets. Shade levels and water availability affect yield and vegetative growth. Piquin pepper plants can be grown under diverse geographic and edaphic conditions. Nutrition and fertilization studies are limited. Biotic stresses that can cause economic damage to piquin pepper plants include most that affect other pepper cultivars. Piquin pepper is also considered an important genetic resource as it reports resistance to some viral groups, which could be used for genetic improvement of other cultivated peppers. Current research needs involve the development of dependable plant materials (cultivated varieties) with reduced labor needs, particularly during the harvest period. In addition, research is needed to reduce the susceptibility of piquin pepper plants to other plant diseases. This review presents an analysis of the aspects related to the production of piquin peppers under cultivated conditions.
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Ferrero, Susanna. "Being a Gynecologist Doctor Specialized in IVF, a Mother and a Woman at the Time of COVID-19." International Journal of Safety and Security Engineering 11, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 487–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/ijsse.110422.

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The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting people around the world with terrible impacts on health, economy, social and psychological aspects and so on, but in this paper, I would like to focus attention on how this situation is worsening the female world. Although men have been shown to have a higher risk factor due to the presence of testosterone, women are severely affected due to: Health Impact • Reduction of life expectancy in terms of delay on necessary oncological checks and consequent progression of related pathologies; • Delay/Stop in taking up the battle against the infertility which can result in potential depression; • A significant increase in fears for both, the woman herself and the incoming creature. Social Impact: The ability to resilience and manages critical situations have always been a female peculiarity but we cannot fail to consider objective data such as: • Reduced chances to save the job position after a severe economic crisis; • Enormous stress for the dual role of mother and worker aggravated by the distance learning (DAD) In this work I will bring to the attention my experience in this emergency period as a gynaecologist doctor specialized in In Vitro Fertilization (IVF); as a mother and as a woman living this situation in the Italian Society.
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Facioli, Fernanda L., Flávia De Marchi, Mariana G. Marques, Paulo R. P. Michelon, Eraldo L. Zanella, Kyle C. Caires, Jerry J. Reeves, and Ricardo Zanella. "The Outcome and Economic Viability of Embryo Production Using IVF and SOV Techniques in the Wagyu Breed of Cattle." Veterinary Sciences 7, no. 2 (May 1, 2020): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci7020058.

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The Japanese black cattle breed (Wagyu) has an improved metabolism, which allows them to have a higher marbling score when compared with other cattle breeds. However, this may affect other aspects of the animal’s physiology, including hormone secretion and their reproductive success, such as their response to synchronization protocols and embryo production. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to test a superovulation protocol (SOV) developed with low doses of FSH and to evaluate the outcome and economic viability of embryo production using the SOV and in vitro fertilization (IVF) approaches in the Wagyu cattle breed. For that, ten Wagyu cows were submitted to five SOVs over a period of 15 months using a standard protocol: CIDR + 3 mg estradiol benzoate (D0), 35 mg FSH (Folltropin®) a.m. and p.m. (D4), 35 mg Folltropin® a.m. and 20 mg p.m. (D5), 20 mg Folltropin® a.m. and 10 mg p.m. (D6), 10 mg Folltropin® and 0.5 mg cloprostenol, both a.m. and p.m., + CIDR removal (D7), 0.05 mg GnRH + insemination 12 and 24 h after (D8) and embryo collection + 0.5 mg of cloprostenol (D16). Thirty days after each SOV, a follicular aspiration was conducted to produce IVF embryos without any pre-synchronization using standard semen in the same group of animals. The average number of embryos produced was 7.63 ± 5.61 (SOV) and 4.52 ± 2.44 (IVF) (p = 0.303). There was no significant correlation between the number of embryos produced by the different techniques (SOV and IVF), indicating that cows that respond well to SOV did not respond well to IVF and vice versa (r = 0.379, p = 0.529). The total cost of each embryo produced by SOV was R$215.00 and R$410.00 for IVF. Therefore, cows that produce less than five embryos by SOV are not economically viable due their lack of response to FSH, and the use of IVF in those animals may be more effective.
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Shiraishi, Eriko, Seido Takae, Ahmad Mohd Faizal, Kohei Sugimoto, Aikou Okamoto, and Nao Suzuki. "The Scenario of Adoption and Foster Care in Relation to the Reproductive Medicine Practice in Asia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 7 (March 26, 2021): 3466. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18073466.

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In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a hallmark of reproductive medicine. However, the inconclusive outcome leads to marital disharmonies; thus, the choices of gamete donation and surrogacy (GD/S) are often offered. In restricted countries, the child-rearing choice through foster/adoption care is promising, but the uptake remains low. We explore the current reproductive services and adoption scenarios in Asian countries to delineate this issue. The web and literature search using PubMed and Ichushi was conducted in Japanese and English using the keywords “adoption”, “foster care”, “reproductive medicine”, including the interview with the respective Asian clinicians. We found that an established adoption system was seen in China, Malaysia, and the Philippines, mainly due to the restriction of GD/S. Although GD/S were allowed in Thailand, Singapore, and India, the different local affordability of IVF cost led to various adoption system scenarios. Nevertheless, the country’s economic aspect does influence the establishment of adoption care, mainly due to financial support from local government. Otherwise, the significant barrier was the cultural/religious background leading to low adoption rates. We concluded that the adoption option should always be highlighted as an alternative strategy as it synergistically contributes to children’s and infertile couples’ welfare.
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Clarke, C. A. "In Vitro Fertilization-Some Comparative Aspects." Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 83, no. 4 (April 1990): 214–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014107689008300405.

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van Kooij, R. J., M. Balerna, and A. Campana. "Biological aspects of in vitro fertilization." Experientia 41, no. 12 (December 1985): 1496–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01964782.

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SCHULMAN, JOSEPH D., ANDREW DORFMANN, and MARK I. EVANS. "Genetic Aspects of in Vitro Fertilization." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 442, no. 1 In Vitro Fert (May 1985): 466–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1985.tb37555.x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fertilization in vitro Economic aspects"

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Fridström, Margareta. "Endocrine and therapeutic aspects of infertile women with the polycystic ovary syndrome /." Stockholm, 1998. http://diss.kib.ki.se/1998/91-628-3175-5/.

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Maiga, Alpha S. "An economic analysis of nitrogen fertilization regimes in Virginia." Diss., This resource online, 1992. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-02022007-133634/.

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Cheung, Wai-man, and 張惠敏. "Psychosocial responses of women and men to in-vitro fertilization." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31972834.

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Aghajanova, Lusine. "Endometrial, embryonic and ovarian aspects of human implantation /." Stockholm, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-794-4/.

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Chan, Hoi-yan Celia, and 陳凱欣. "Efficacy of psychosocial group intervention for Chinese women undergoing in-vitro fertilization: aprospective randomized controlled study." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44765708.

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Chellan, Nireshni. "The antidiabetic and antioxidant properties of Athrixia phylicoides aqueous extract : an in vitro and ex vivo assessment." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6612.

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Thesis (MScMedSc)--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: Athrixia phylicoides is an aromatic, indigenous shrub with high antioxidant content and numerous indigenous medicinal properties inferred by ingestion of an herbal brew of the plant. Commercialization of “bush tea” (derived from A. phylicoides) holds economic and developmental potential for indigenous communities provided the safety and efficacy of the herbal tea is established. Recently A. phylicoides has been shown by McGaw et al. (2007) to have similar antioxidant activity to Rooibos tea, and a unique, new flavonol (i.e. a polyphenolic antioxidant plant metabolite) 5-hydroxy-6,7,8,3′,4′,5′-hexamethoxyflavon-3-ol, unique to A. phylicoides, was isolated by Mashimbye et al. in 2006. With changes in the socio-economic climate and a new trend in merging Western lifestyle with traditional practices, new interest has been shown in herbal/natural remedies. Study Aim: The aim of this study was to firstly, determine the in vitro effect of A. phylicoides aqueous extract on glucose metabolism in cell lines that mimic the three key organs implicated in glucose homeostasis. Secondly, the study aimed to determine the potential ex vivo antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect of the extract in pancreatic β-cells and peripheral mononuclear cells respectively. Methods: Leaves and fine twigs of A. phylicoides were processed into an aqueous extract. C2C12, Chang and 3T3-L1 cells were cultured under standard conditions and acutely exposed to increasing concentrations of extract and water vehicle, as well as 1 μM insulin and metformin as positive controls. Glucose uptake from 8 mM glucose culture media was determined using a fluorimetric oxidase method. Radioactive 14C-glucose oxidation to 14CO2 and determination of glycogen content of cells were used to assess the fate of intracellular glucose. RT-PCR was used to assess the extract effect on insulin-signalling gene expression. The antioxidative effect of A. phylicoides extract in pancreatic β-cells isolated from Wistar rats was determined by measuring nitric oxide (NO) production in response to hyperglycemic conditions. NO was labelled with diaminofluorocein diacetate and fluorescence was measured using flow cytometry. Insulin secretion of pancreatic β- cells was measured using radio-immuno assay. The anti-oxidative effect of the extract in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated peripheral mononuclear cells isolated from Wistar rats was determined by measuring the production of TNF-α using an ELISA kit. Results: C2C12 myocytes showed maximal increased glucose uptake at the 0.05 μg/μl extract concentration (228.3% ± 66.2, p<0.001). In Chang cells, A. phylicoides extract maximally increased the amount of glucose taken up at the 0.05 μg/μl concentration (134.5% ± 2.5, p<0.05). In 3T3-L1 cells, the extract maximally increased the amount of glucose taken up at the 0.025 μg/μl concentration (143.5% ± 10.3, p<0.001). An extract-induced increase in insulin receptor and glucose transporter four expression was seen in C2C12 myocytes. The oxidation of 14C-glucose to 14CO2 by C2C12 myocytes was maximally increased following acute exposure to the extract at 0.1 μg/μl (2919.3 fmol/1x10^6 cells ± 428, p<0.01). The oxidation of 14C-glucose to 14CO2 by Chang cells was maximally increased following acute exposure to extract at 0.1 μg/μl (4476.7 fmol/1x10^6 cells ± 1620, p<0.05); as seen in the C2C12 cells. A. phylicoides extract increased glycogen storage at all three concentrations tested in Chang cells, but maximally at the 0.025 μg/μl concentration (13.6 μg/1x10^6 cells ± 0.7, p<0.05). A. phylicoides extract did not have any measurable effect on the oxidative status of β-cells or the anti-inflammatory status of peripheral mononuclear cells. The extract did show an increase in first phase insulin secretion of β-cells in hyperglycemic conditions, although it was not significant. Conclusion: Athrixia phylicoides aqueous extract stimulates in vitro glucose uptake and metabolism in an insulin-mimetic manner, suggesting that this extract could potentially be beneficial to type two diabetics as an adjunct therapy.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Inleiding: Athrixia phylicoides is 'n aromatiese, inheemse struik met 'n hoë antioksidant inhoud. Vele tradisionele medisinale eienskappe is gekoppel aan die ingestie van 'n kruie brousel van die plant, wat ook bekend as “bostee” is. Kommersialisering van “bostee” hou ekonomiese en ontwikkelings potensiaal in vir inheemse gemeenskappe mits die veiligheid en effektiwiteit van die kruietee bevestig kan word. McGaw et al. (2007) het onlangs bevind dat A. phylicoides se antioksidant aktiwiteit vergelykbaar is met die van rooibostee. 'n Unieke nuwe flavonol ('n polifenoliese antioksidant plant metaboliet) 5-hydroksie-6,7,8,3′,4′,5′-hexamethoksieflavon-3-ol, eie aan A. phylicoides, is deur Mashimbye et al. in 2006 geïsoleer. Met veranderings in die sosio-ekonomiese klimaat en 'n nuwe tendens om die westerse lewenstyl met tradisionele gebruike aan te vul word nuwe belangstelling in kruie/natuurlike rate ondervind. Studie Doelwitte: Die doelwitte van hierdie studie was eerstens om die in vitro effek van A. phylicoides waterekstrak op die glukosemetabolisme van drie sellyne wat die sleutel organe naboots wat glukosehomeostase beheer, te bepaal. Tweedens, is die potensiële ex vivo antioksidant en anti-inflammatoriese effek van die ekstrak op pankreatiese β-selle en perifere mononuklêere-selle onderskeidelik ondersoek. Metodes: n Waterige ekstrak is van die blare en fyn takkies van A. phylicoides berei. C2C12, Chang and 3T3-L1 selle is gekultuur onder standaard kondisies en akuut blootgestel aan stygende ekstrakkonsentrasies. Water het as kontrole gedien, met 1 μM insulien en metformien as positiewe kontroles. Glukose opname vanuit 8 mM glukose kultuurmedia is bepaal deur 'n fluorimetriese oksidase metode. Radioaktiewe 14C-glukose-oksidasie na 14CO2 en die bepaling van die glukogeen inhoud van selle is gebruik om die lot van intrasellulêre glukose te bepaal. RT-PKR is gebruik om die effek van die ekstrak op die insulien-seinpad geen-uitdrukking te ondersoek. Die antioksidant effek van A. phylicoides ekstrak in pankreatiese β-selle geïsoleer van Wistar rotte, is bepaal deur stikstofoksied (NO) produksie na aanleiding van hiperglukemiese kondisies. NO is met diaminofluorosien diasetaat gemerk en die fluoresensie gemeet deur vloeisitometrie. Insulien afskeiding deur die pankreatiese β-selle is deur radio-immuno metode bepaal. Die anti-oksidatiewe effek van die ekstrak op lipopolisakkaried-gestimuleerde perifere mononuklêere-selle afkomstig van Wistar rotte is bepaal deur die meting van TNF-α produksie met 'n ELISA kit. Resultate: C2C12 miosiete het 'n maksimale toename in glukoseopname by 'n 0.05 μg/μl ekstrakkonsentrasie (228.3% ± 66.2, p<0.001) gehad. Dieselfde ekstrakkonsentrasie het maksimale toename in glukoseopname in Chang selle (134.5% ± 2.5, p<0.05 getoon. In 3T3-L1 selle is maksimale toename in die glukoseopname by 'n konsentrasie van 0.025 μg/μl (143.5% ± 10.3, p<0.001) bereik. 'n Ekstrak-geinduseerde verhoging in die insulienreseptor en glukosetransporter vier ekspressie is in C2C12 miosiete waargeneem. Die oksidasie van 14C-glukose na 14CO2 deur C2C12 miosiete is maksimaal verhoog deur akute blootstelling aan die ekstrak by 'n konsentrasie van 0.1 μg/μl (2919.3 fmol/1x10^6 cells ± 428, p<0.01). Die oksidasie van 14C-glukose na 14CO2 deur Chang selle was maksimaal verhoog deur akute blootstelling aan die ekstrak by 'n konsentrasie van 0.1 μg/μl (4476.7 fmol/1x10^6 cells ± 1620, p<0.05) soos gevind in die C2C12 selle. Die ekstrak het glukogeenstoring verhoog teen al drie die konsentrasies waarteen getoets is in Chang selle, maar 'n maksimale effek is gevind by 'n konsentrasie van 0.025 (13.6 μg/1x10^6 cells ± 0.7, p<0.05). A. phylicoides ekstrak het nie 'n meetbare effek op die oksidatiewe status van β-selle of die anti-inflammatoriese status van perifere mononuklêere-selle gehad nie. Die ekstrak het wel 'n verhoging in die eerstefase insuliensekresie van β-selle in hyperglukemiese kondisies gehad, alhoewel die verhoging nie statisties betekenisvol was nie. Afleiding: Athrixia phylicoides waterekstrak stimuleer in vitro glukoseopname en metabolisme in 'n insulin-mimetiese manier, wat beteken dat die ekstrak potensiëel voordele vir tipe twee diabete kan inhou as aanvullingsterapie.
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Smith, Malcolm. "Regulating IVF and pre-implantation tissue-typing for the creation of "saviour siblings" : a harm analysis." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/35798/1/Malcolm_Smith_Thesis.pdf.

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Scientific discoveries, developments in medicine and health issues are the constant focus of media attention and the principles surrounding the creation of so called ‘saviour siblings’ are of no exception. The development in the field of reproductive techniques has provided the ability to genetically analyse embryos created in the laboratory to enable parents to implant selected embryos to create a tissue-matched child who may be able to cure an existing sick child. The research undertaken in this thesis examines the regulatory frameworks overseeing the delivery of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) in Australia and the United Kingdom and considers how those frameworks impact on the accessibility of in vitro fertilisation (IVF) procedures for the creation of ‘saviour siblings’. In some jurisdictions, the accessibility of such techniques is limited by statutory requirements. The limitations and restrictions imposed by the state in relation to the technology are analysed in order to establish whether such restrictions are justified. The analysis is conducted on the basis of a harm framework. The framework seeks to establish whether those affected by the use of the technology (including the child who will be created) are harmed. In order to undertake such evaluation, the concept of harm is considered under the scope of John Stuart Mill’s liberal theory and the Harm Principle is used as a normative tool to judge whether the level of harm that may result, justifies state intervention or restriction with the reproductive decision-making of parents in this context. The harm analysis conducted in this thesis seeks to determine an appropriate regulatory response in relation to the use of pre-implantation tissue-typing for the creation of ‘saviour siblings’. The proposals outlined in the last part of this thesis seek to address the concern that harm may result from the practice of pre-implantation tissue-typing. The current regulatory frameworks in place are also analysed on the basis of the harm framework established in this thesis. The material referred to in this thesis reflects the law and policy in place in Australia and the UK at the time the thesis was submitted for examination (December 2009).
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McMillen, Brooke. "Embryo Adoption: Implications of Personhood, Marriage, and Parenthood." Thesis, Connect to resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/1613.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Indiana University, 2008.
Department of Philosophy, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI). Advisor(s): Peggy Zeglin Brand, Jason T. Eberl, Michael B. Burke. Includes vitae. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 79-84).
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Franco, Joanna Sousa de Vasconcelos. "Studies on equine sperm cryopreservation : fundamental and applied aspects." Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.3/3927.

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Tese de Doutoramento, Ciências Agrárias, especialidade em Reprodução Animal, 25 de Junho de 2015, Universidade dos Açores.
Nos últimos anos, verifica-se um aumento na utilização de sémen criopreservado na inseminação artificial na indústria equina. Contudo, o potencial de fertilização do sémen criopreservado nos equinos é menor do que o de outras espécies domésticas, especialmente nos bovinos. Vários estudos têm sido realizados com a utilização de diferentes curvas e meios de congelação, com o objectivo de melhorar a qualidade do sémen equino após a criopreservação; contudo, ainda não existe um protocolo ideal para todos os casos. Assim sendo, o objectivo desta tese de doutoramento foi melhorar a criopreservação de sémen equino. A nossa hipótese foi a de que a adição de antioxidantes (α-tocoferol e ácido ascórbico) no meio de congelação e o uso de diferentes curvas de congelação (CCs) poderão aumentar as taxas de sobrevivência do sémen equino. Foram realizados estudos fisiológicos e metabólicos do sémen, a fim de compreender os mecanismos pelos quais a criopreservação pode alterar a função espermática, e melhorar a qualidade esta metodologia. Como também, pretendeu-se provar que a fertilização in vitro (FIV) heteróloga pode predizer o potencial fertilizante do sémen, validando um novo protocolo de FIV heteróloga utilizando oócitos bovinos com zona pelúcida (ZP) intacta e sémen equino. [...]
ABSTRACT: The use of frozen stallion spermatozoa for artificial insemination is increasing in the equine industry. Unfortunately, the fertilizing capacity of cryopreserved stallion semen is generally considered to be lower than that of some other domestic species, especially that of dairy cattle. Several different freezing regimes with new protocols and extenders have been designed and published to improve the quality of post-thaw equine semen; however, no ideal protocol for all cases exists. Therefore, the aim of the research presented in this thesis was to improve stallion cryopreservation. It has been hypothesized that the addition of antioxidants (α-tocopherol and ascorbic acid) in the freezing extender and the use of different freezing rates (FRs) might yield increased cryosurvival of spermatozoa. Sperm's physiological and metabolic studies were also evaluated, in order to understand the mechanisms by which cryopreservation can alter sperm function, and to improve the quality of post-thaw equine semen. Moreover, the study also aimed to prove that the heterologous in vitro fertilization (IVF) can predict male fertility, validating a new approach for a heterologous IVF assay using bovine oocytes with zona pellucida (ZP) intact and equine sperm. [...].
Direccão Regional para a Ciência e Tecnologia—Açores (DRCT) (Grant BD M312/F/002/2010) ; Centro de Investigação e Tecnologias Agrárias dos Açores (CITA-A).
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Fuscaldo, Giuliana Fausta. "Genetic ties: are they morally binding?" 2005. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/2051.

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What determines parenthood? The advent of IVF and the rapid growth of reproductive technologies have challenged the significance historically associated with biological relationships. It is now possible for a child to have many different people in the role of genetic, gestational, nurturing or legal parent and for the formation of many novel types of families. While frequently some or all of these roles are combined, it is now possible for someone to be a ‘parent’ in one sense, without necessarily taking on the obligations and rights associated with parenthood in a moral sense. Despite the expanded options for constructing families and the proliferation of novel arrangements for raising children, the essential feature of what it means to be a ‘real parent’ and to have a child of ‘one’s own’ is often grounded in the transmission of genes. This thesis examines the claim that genes define ‘moral’ parenthood. It investigates whether or not genetic relatedness is morally weighty in determining which individuals incur obligations for and rights over children. My thesis adopts a novel approach to address this question. It combines the analysis of both people’s views as captured through a qualitative study and those found in philosophical literature relating to the moral significance of genetic parenthood. I design and conduct a study to capture more directly the meanings that people attach to passing on their genes, which acts as a starting point for identifying and evaluating possible arguments about the moral relevance of genetic parenthood. I then analyse the principles imbedded in the participants’ views in light of the current philosophical literature.
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Books on the topic "Fertilization in vitro Economic aspects"

1

Steve, Parker. In vitro fertilization. London: Franklin Watts, 2007.

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Fullick, Ann. In vitro fertilization. 2nd ed. London: Heinemann Library, 2009.

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Feichtinger, Wilfried, and Peter Kemeter, eds. Future Aspects in Human In Vitro Fertilization. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71412-2.

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Coutts, Mary Carrington. Ethical issues in in vitro fertilization. Washington, D.C: National Reference Center for Bioethics Literature, Kennedy Institute of Ethics, Georgetown University, 1988.

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Commission, New South Wales Law Reform. Artificial conception: Report 2 : in vitro fertilization. Sydney: The Commission, 1988.

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Catholic Church. Bishop's Joint Committee on Bio-Ethical Issues. In vitro fertilisation: Morality and public policy. [Abingdon?]: Published by Catholic Media Office for the Joint Committee on Bio-Ethical Issues, 1985.

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In vitro fertilisation. Oxford, England: Heinemann Library, 2002.

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Fécondation in vitro: Demande d'enfant et pratiques médicales. Paris: Anthropos, 1995.

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New South Wales. Law Reform Commission. Artificial conception: Discussion paper 2 : in vitro fertilization. Sydney: The Commission, 1987.

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In Vitro Fertilisation and the Quality of Life (Conference) (1983 Royal Society of Medicine). Test tube babies: A Christian view : papers from the conference In Vitro Fertilisation and the Quality of Life organised by the Order of Christian Unity at the Royal Society of Medicine, London 23 May 1983. 2nd ed. London: Unity Press, 1985.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fertilization in vitro Economic aspects"

1

Batyuk, Liliya, Anatoly Khalin, and Natalia Kizilova. "Biomechanical Aspects of in Vitro Fertilization." In Biomechanics in Medicine, Sport and Biology, 1–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86297-8_1.

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Johnston, I. "The Evolution of In Vitro Fertilization Technology." In Future Aspects in Human In Vitro Fertilization, 8–12. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71412-2_2.

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Bossert, Nancy L., and Christopher De Jonge. "Organizational Aspects of the Laboratory in a Tertiary Care ART Center." In Practical Manual of In Vitro Fertilization, 27–32. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1780-5_4.

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Broda, C. "Opening Address." In Future Aspects in Human In Vitro Fertilization, 1–7. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71412-2_1.

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Sinosich, M. J. "Human Ovarian Follicular Antigens." In Future Aspects in Human In Vitro Fertilization, 64–76. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71412-2_10.

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Menezo, Y., M. Plachot, Y. Heyman, L. Ducret, B. Nicollet, J. Beurlet, J. Mandelbaum, and A. M. Junca. "Culture of Human Trophoblastic Tissue: A Potential Tool for Improvement of Early Embryo Culture and Transfer." In Future Aspects in Human In Vitro Fertilization, 77–81. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71412-2_11.

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Frydman, R., J. D. Rainhorn, R. Forman, J. Belaisch-Allart, H. Fernandez, B. Lassalle, and J. Testart. "Pregnancies Following Fixed Schedule Ovulation Induction and Embryo Cryopreservation During Diagnostic Infertility Laparoscopy." In Future Aspects in Human In Vitro Fertilization, 82–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71412-2_12.

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Testart, J., B. Lassalle, J. Belaisch-Allart, A. Hazout, R. Forman, and R. Frydman. "Human Embryo Freezing in an In Vitro Fertilization and Embryo Transfer Program." In Future Aspects in Human In Vitro Fertilization, 91–96. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71412-2_13.

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Ashwood-Smith, M. J., and R. Simons. "The Freezing of Early Human Embryos and Blastocysts." In Future Aspects in Human In Vitro Fertilization, 97–100. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71412-2_14.

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Feichtinger, W., I. Benkö, and P. Kemeter. "Freezing Human Oocytes Using Rapid Techniques." In Future Aspects in Human In Vitro Fertilization, 101–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71412-2_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fertilization in vitro Economic aspects"

1

Kol, Emre. "Dimensions of Health Tourism in Turkey." In 2nd International Conference on Business, Management and Finance. Acavent, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/2nd.icbmf.2019.11.767.

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Recently, many people in various countries have preferred private healthcare organizations in Turkey for treatment. The most important reason for this situation is that medical operations performed with modern techniques in source countries are also performed in Turkey and at affordable prices. Because of the low cost, high quality, and technology standards, foreign patients prefer Turkish health institutions in almost every field such as plastic and aesthetic surgery, hair transplantation, eye surgery, in vitro fertilization, open-heart surgery, dermatological diseases, checkups, cancer treatments, otorhinolaryngology, dialysis, cardiovascular surgery, gynecology, neurosurgery, orthopedics, dentistry, spa, physiotherapy, and rehabilitation. The 2013 report of the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO) states that the number of international patients in Turkey has increased in recent years but is still behind the numbers of patients traveling for treatment purposes around the world. Important achievements, particularly in the fields of transplantation, genetic testing, eye surgery, cardiology, orthopedics, plastic surgery, and dentistry, bring Turkey to the forefront of health tourism. This study emphasizes the economic dimensions of health tourism by discussing the improvement of health tourism in Turkey. Advantages, disadvantages, and future opportunities for health tourism in Turkey are examined in terms of diversification of the country’s tourism, economic dimensions, and alternative tourism opportunities. In this context, the study mentions the notion of health tourism, boosting health tourism around the world and in Turkey, and the place and economic dimension of Turkey within world health tourism.
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Reports on the topic "Fertilization in vitro Economic aspects"

1

Shpigel, Nahum, Raul Barletta, Ilan Rosenshine, and Marcelo Chaffer. Identification and characterization of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis virulence genes expressed in vivo by negative selection. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7696510.bard.

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Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the etiological agent of a severe inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in ruminants, known as Johne’s disease or paratuberculosis. Johne’s disease is considered to be one of the most serious diseases affecting dairy cattle both in Israel and worldwide. Heavy economic losses are incurred by dairy farmers due to the severe effect of subclinical infection on milk production, fertility, lower disease resistance and early culling. Its influence in the United States alone is staggering, causing an estimated loss of $1.5 billion to the agriculture industry every year. Isolation of MAP from intestinal tissue and blood of Crohn's patients has lead to concern that it plays a potential pathogenic role in promoting human IDB including Crohn’s disease. There is great concern following the identification of the organism in animal products and shedding of the organism to the environment by subclinically infected animals. Little is known about the molecular basis for MAP virulence. The goal of the original proposed research was to identify MAP genes that are required for the critical stage of initial infection and colonization of ruminants’ intestine by MAP. We proposed to develop and use signature tag mutagenesis (STM) screen to find MAP genes that are specifically required for survival in ruminants upon experimental infection. This research projected was approved as one-year feasibility study to prove the ability of the research team to establish the animal model for mutant screening and alternative in-vitro cell systems. In Israel, neonatal goat kids were repeatedly inoculated with either one of the following organisms; MAP K-10 strain and three transposon mutants of K-10 which were produced and screened by the US PI. Six months after the commencement of inoculation we have necropsied the goats and taken multiple tissue samples from the jejunum, ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes. Both PCR and histopathology analysis indicated on efficient MAP colonization of all the inoculated animals. We have established several systems in the Israeli PI’s laboratory; these include using IS900 PCR for the identification of MAP and using HSP65-based PCR for the differentiation between MAV and MAP. We used Southern blot analysis for the differentiation among transposon mutants of K-10. In addition the Israeli PI has set up a panel of in-vitro screening systems for MAP mutants. These include assays to test adhesion, phagocytosis and survival of MAP to/within macrophages, assays that determine the rate of MAPinduced apoptosis of macrophages and MAP-induced NO production by macrophages, and assays testing the interference with T cell ã Interferon production and T cell proliferation by MAP infected macrophages (macrophage studies were done in BoMac and RAW cell lines, mouse peritoneal macrophages and bovine peripheral blood monocytes derived macrophages, respectively). All partners involved in this project feel that we are currently on track with this novel, highly challenging and ambitious research project. We have managed to establish the above described research systems that will clearly enable us to achieve the original proposed scientific objectives. We have proven ourselves as excellent collaborative groups with very high levels of complementary expertise. The Israeli groups were very fortunate to work with the US group and in a very short time period to master numerous techniques in the field of Mycobacterium research. The Israeli group has proven its ability to run this complicated animal model. This research, if continued, may elucidate new and basic aspects related to the pathogenesis MAP. In addition the work may identify new targets for vaccine and drug development. Considering the possibility that MAP might be a cause of human Crohn’s disease, better understanding of virulence mechanisms of this organism might also be of public health interest as well.
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Friedman, Shmuel, Jon Wraith, and Dani Or. Geometrical Considerations and Interfacial Processes Affecting Electromagnetic Measurement of Soil Water Content by TDR and Remote Sensing Methods. United States Department of Agriculture, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7580679.bard.

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Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) and other in-situ and remote sensing dielectric methods for determining the soil water content had become standard in both research and practice in the last two decades. Limitations of existing dielectric methods in some soils, and introduction of new agricultural measurement devices or approaches based on soil dielectric properties mandate improved understanding of the relationship between the measured effective permittivity (dielectric constant) and the soil water content. Mounting evidence indicates that consideration must be given not only to the volume fractions of soil constituents, as most mixing models assume, but also to soil attributes and ambient temperature in order to reduce errors in interpreting measured effective permittivities. The major objective of the present research project was to investigate the effects of the soil geometrical attributes and interfacial processes (bound water) on the effective permittivity of the soil, and to develop a theoretical frame for improved, soil-specific effective permittivity- water content calibration curves, which are based on easily attainable soil properties. After initializing the experimental investigation of the effective permittivity - water content relationship, we realized that the first step for water content determination by the Time Domain Reflectometry (TDR) method, namely, the TDR measurement of the soil effective permittivity still requires standardization and improvement, and we also made more efforts than originally planned towards this objective. The findings of the BARD project, related to these two consequential steps involved in TDR measurement of the soil water content, are expected to improve the accuracy of soil water content determination by existing in-situ and remote sensing dielectric methods and to help evaluate new water content sensors based on soil electrical properties. A more precise water content determination is expected to result in reduced irrigation levels, a matter which is beneficial first to American and Israeli farmers, and also to hydrologists and environmentalists dealing with production and assessment of contamination hazards of this progressively more precious natural resource. The improved understanding of the way the soil geometrical attributes affect its effective permittivity is expected to contribute to our understanding and predicting capability of other, related soil transport properties such as electrical and thermal conductivity, and diffusion coefficients of solutes and gas molecules. In addition, to the originally planned research activities we also investigated other related problems and made many contributions of short and longer terms benefits. These efforts include: Developing a method and a special TDR probe for using TDR systems to determine also the soil's matric potential; Developing a methodology for utilizing the thermodielectric effect, namely, the variation of the soil's effective permittivity with temperature, to evaluate its specific surface area; Developing a simple method for characterizing particle shape by measuring the repose angle of a granular material avalanching in water; Measurements and characterization of the pore scale, saturation degree - dependent anisotropy factor for electrical and hydraulic conductivities; Studying the dielectric properties of cereal grains towards improved determination of their water content. A reliable evaluation of the soil textural attributes (e.g. the specific surface area mentioned above) and its water content is essential for intensive irrigation and fertilization processes and within extensive precision agriculture management. The findings of the present research project are expected to improve the determination of cereal grain water content by on-line dielectric methods. A precise evaluation of grain water content is essential for pricing and evaluation of drying-before-storage requirements, issues involving energy savings and commercial aspects of major economic importance to the American agriculture. The results and methodologies developed within the above mentioned side studies are expected to be beneficial to also other industrial and environmental practices requiring the water content determination and characterization of granular materials.
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Bonfil, David J., Daniel S. Long, and Yafit Cohen. Remote Sensing of Crop Physiological Parameters for Improved Nitrogen Management in Semi-Arid Wheat Production Systems. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2008.7696531.bard.

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To reduce financial risk and N losses to the environment, fertilization methods are needed that improve NUE and increase the quality of wheat. In the literature, ample attention is given to grid-based and zone-based soil testing to determine the soil N available early in the growing season. Plus, information is available on in-season N topdressing applications as a means of improving GPC. However, the vast majority of research has focused on wheat that is grown under N limiting conditions in sub-humid regions and irrigated fields. Less attention has been given to wheat in dryland that is water limited. The objectives of this study were to: (1) determine accuracy in determining GPC of HRSW in Israel and SWWW in Oregon using on-combine optical sensors under field conditions; (2) develop a quantitative relationship between image spectral reflectance and effective crop physiological parameters; (3) develop an operational precision N management procedure that combines variable-rate N recommendations at planting as derived from maps of grain yield, GPC, and test weight; and at mid-season as derived from quantitative relationships, remote sensing, and the DSS; and (4) address the economic and technology-transfer aspects of producers’ needs. Results from the research suggest that optical sensing and the DSS can be used for estimating the N status of dryland wheat and deciding whether additional N is needed to improve GPC. Significant findings include: 1. In-line NIR reflectance spectroscopy can be used to rapidly and accurately (SEP <5.0 mg g⁻¹) measure GPC of a grain stream conveyed by an auger. 2. On-combine NIR spectroscopy can be used to accurately estimate (R² < 0.88) grain test weight across fields. 3. Precision N management based on N removal increases GPC, grain yield, and profitability in rainfed wheat. 4. Hyperspectral SI and partial least squares (PLS) models have excellent potential for estimation of biomass, and water and N contents of wheat. 5. A novel heading index can be used to monitor spike emergence of wheat with classification accuracy between 53 and 83%. 6. Index MCARI/MTVI2 promises to improve remote sensing of wheat N status where water- not soil N fertility, is the main driver of plant growth. Important features include: (a) computable from commercial aerospace imagery that include the red edge waveband, (b) sensitive to Chl and resistant to variation in crop biomass, and (c) accommodates variation in soil reflectance. Findings #1 and #2 above enable growers to further implement an efficient, low cost PNM approach using commercially available on-combine optical sensors. Finding #3 suggests that profit opportunities may exist from PNM based on information from on-combine sensing and aerospace remote sensing. Finding #4, with its emphasis on data retrieval and accuracy, enhances the potential usefulness of a DSS as a tool for field crop management. Finding #5 enables land managers to use a DSS to ascertain at mid-season whether a wheat crop should be harvested for grain or forage. Finding #6a expands potential commercial opportunities of MS imagery and thus has special importance to a majority of aerospace imaging firms specializing in the acquisition and utilization of these data. Finding #6b on index MCARI/MVTI2 has great potential to expand use of ground-based sensing and in-season N management to millions of hectares of land in semiarid environments where water- not N, is the main determinant of grain yield. Finding #6c demonstrates that MCARI/MTVI2 may alleviate the requirement of multiple N-rich reference strips to account for soil differences within farm fields. This simplicity will be less demanding of grower resources, promising substantially greater acceptance of sensing technologies for in-season N management.
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