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Journal articles on the topic 'Ferrocene'

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Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 28 July 2024

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1

Kégl, Tímea R., László Kollár, and Tamás Kégl. "Electronic Structure of Ferrocene-Substituted Cavitands: A QTAIM and NBO Study." Journal of Quantum Chemistry 2014 (February 10, 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/521037.

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Ferrocene-substituted tetrakis(methyl)resorcin[4]arenes have been investigated by means of DFT calculations employing the gradient-corrected PBEPBE functional. In comparison with ferrocene and simple ansa-ferrocenes containing 2–4 bridging methylene groups, it was found that the tilt angle of the functionalized cyclopentadienyl (Cp) rings strongly influences the electron density distribution of the ferrocenyl moieties. According to NBO analyses, the iron atoms in the cavitands are more positive in comparison to those in ferrocene, whereas they are less positive in ansa-ferrocenes. The partial charges of carbon atoms belonging to Cp rings show some correlation with the tilt angle.
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2

Prokop, Petra, Rainer Richter, and Lothar Beyer. "Zur Reaktion von 2,4-Dioxo-4-ferrocenyl-butansäureethylester mit primären aromatischen Aminen / On the Reaction of Ethyl 2,4-Dioxo-4-ferrocenyl-butanoate with Primary Aromatic Amines." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 54, no. 7 (July 1, 1999): 849–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1999-0705.

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Starting from ethyl 2,4-dioxo-4-ferrocenyl-butanoate (1) a series of new ferrocene derivatives has been prepared. While the reaction with o-phenylene diamine leads to two ferrocene-containing heterocyclic compounds, 4-ferrocenyl-3H-1,5-benzodiazepine-2-carbonic acid ethyl ester (3) and 3-(2-ferrocenyl-2-oxo-ethylidene)-3,4-dihydro-1H-quinoxalin-2-one · H20 (4), reactions with m- and p-phenylene diamine give both the mono- and disubstituted products 5 - 8, respectively. The conversion of 4 by Lawesson’s reagent results in 2-ferrocenvl-thieno[2,3- b]quinoxaline (9). The new compounds have been characterized by their 1H, 13C NMR, and mass spectra. The molecular structures of 4-ferrocenyl-4-oxo-2-phenylamino-but-2-enoic acid ethyl ester 2, and of 4 and 9 have been determined by X-ray crystal structure analysis.
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3

Yasuzawa, Mikito, Hiroyuki Hamada, Keisuke Oga, and Yusuke Fuchiwaki. "Design and Construction of Automated Amperometric Immunosensing System." International Journal of Modern Physics B 17, no. 08n09 (April 10, 2003): 1211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979203018764.

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An automated amperometric immunosensors for the quantification of transferrin was fabricated using two monoclonal IgG class anti-rat transferrin antibodies, 15C2H3 and 22A06D2. The former was immobilized on a gold electrode, while the latter was conjugated with the positively charged polymers containing ferrocenyl groups. The quantitative analysis of transferrin was investigated by measuring the electrooxidation current of ferrocene, which is proportional to the transferrin concentration for the equivalently observed sandwich formation. The deposition of electroconductive polymers, polypyrrole (poly-P) and poly⌈ferrocenyl-methyl-3-(pyrrol-l-yl)propyldimethylammonium bromide⌉ (poly-FP), were performed on the surface of antibody-immobilized gold electrode in order to increase the efficiency of the electron transfer between the antibody-cojugated ferrocence and the gold electrode, and to eliminate the nonspecific binding of ferrocene-labeled antibody by a mutual repulsion.
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4

Apreutesei, Daniela, Gabriela Lisa, Natalia Hurduc, and Dan Scutaru. "Synthesis and un-isotherm kinetic study of some ferrocene acids." Open Chemistry 2, no. 4 (December 1, 2004): 553–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bf02482720.

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AbstractThe goal of this paper is to study thermal stability of some ferrocenes with acidic functional groups. Some other kinetic characteristics such as critical temperature and the rate constant corresponding to maximal degradation speed have been also evaluated. The type of functional units adjacent to the ferrocenyl unit determines thermal stability of ferrocene compounds. Groups with a powerful withdrawing effect determine a decreasing of the temperatures at which the material starts to lose weight. If a very long alkyl chain is connected to the ferrocene unit, a shielding effect in respect to the other carboxylic groups was observed, with an increase of the thermal stability.
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5

Snegur, Lubov V. "Modern Trends in Bio-Organometallic Ferrocene Chemistry." Inorganics 10, no. 12 (November 26, 2022): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics10120226.

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Organometallic sandwich compounds, especially ferrocenes, possess a wide variety of pharmacological activities and therefore are attracting more and more attention from chemists, biologists, biochemists, etc. Excellent reviews concerning biological aspects and design of ferrocene-modified compounds appear regularly in scientific journals. This brief overview highlights recent achievements in the field of bio-organometallic ferrocene chemistry from 2017 to 2022. During this period, new ferrocene-modified analogues of various bio-structures were synthesized, namely, betulin, artemisinin, steroids, and alkaloids. In addition, studies of the biological potential of ferrocenes have been expanded. Since ferrocene is 70 years old this year, a brief historical background is also given. It seemed to me useful to sketch the ‘ferrocene picture’ in broad strokes.
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6

Herman, Bianka Edina, János Gardi, János Julesz, Csaba Tömböly, Eszter Szánti-Pintér, Klaudia Fehér, Rita Skoda-Földes, and Mihály Szécsi. "Steroidal ferrocenes as potential enzyme inhibitors of the estrogen biosynthesis." Biologia Futura 71, no. 3 (June 25, 2020): 249–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42977-020-00023-7.

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Abstract The potential inhibitory effect of diverse triazolyl-ferrocene steroids on key enzymes of the estrogen biosynthesis was investigated. Test compounds were synthesized via copper-catalyzed cycloaddition of steroidal azides and ferrocenyl-alkynes using our efficient methodology published previously. Inhibition of human aromatase, steroid sulfatase (STS) and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17β-HSD1) activities was investigated with in vitro radiosubstrate incubations. Some of the test compounds were found to be potent inhibitors of the STS. A compound bearing ferrocenyl side chain on the C-2 displayed a reversible inhibition, whereas C-16 and C-17 derivatives displayed competitive irreversible binding mechanism toward the enzyme. 17α-Triazolyl-ferrocene derivatives of 17β-estradiol exerted outstanding inhibitory effect and experiments demonstrated a key role of the ferrocenyl moiety in the enhanced binding affinity. Submicromolar IC50 and Ki parameters enroll these compounds to the group of the most effective STS inhibitors published so far. STS inhibitory potential of the steroidal ferrocenes may lead to the development of novel compounds able to suppress in situ biosynthesis of 17β-estradiol in target tissues.
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7

Saji.S, Silpa, Namitha K.N, and Shaiju S. Dharan. "Ferrocenyl Benzimidazole: A Promising Molecule." International Journal of Research and Review 9, no. 12 (December 8, 2022): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20221211.

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Organometallic compound ferrocene formation was a serendipity and due to its "barrel-shape" which grants 3D geometry of the organometallic compound it has an optimal spatial design for better fitting and connection inside the pockets of the dynamic site in natural targets and receptors. The benzimidazole motif has developed to be a significant privileged heterocyclic platform. Ferrocenyl benzimidazole is a complex organic compound having ferrocene an organometallic compound attached to the 2-position of benzimidazole an aromatic heterocyclic compound. Ferrocene benzimidazole derivatives have attracted lots of attention for the construction of new compounds due to their wide applications. By combining ferrocene and benzimidazole produce a vast range of pharmacological actions. Synthetic method and pharmacological effects of various ferrocenyl benzimidazole derivatives were examined. This review gives the medicinal activities of 2- ferrocenyl benzimidazole derivatives like cytotoxic activity, anti-malarial, anti-microbial, anti-fungal etc. were furnished. Keywords: ferrocene, benzimidazole, cyclopentadiene, 2-ferrocenyl benzimidazole, cytotoxic, anti-malarial.
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8

Fleischer, Ivana, and Štefan Toma. "Synthesis of New Chiral 1,2-Disubstituted Ferrocenes." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 69, no. 2 (2004): 330–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc20040330.

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Synthesis of six chiral 1,2-disubstituted ferrocene derivatives is described starting from (S)-{[2-(methoxymethyl)pyrrolidin-1-yl]methyl}ferrocene (2) and {[N-((1R,2S)-methoxy-1-methyl-2-phenethyl)-N-methylamino]methyl}ferrocene (3). Oxidation of the (N-substituted aminomethyl)ferrocenes with active MnO2 furnished the corresponding 2-substituted ferrocenecarbaldehydes.
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9

Sobociková, Marie, Petr Štěpnička, Daniele Ramella, and Martin Kotora. "Synthesis of 1-Alkanoyl-1'-(trifluoroacetyl)ferrocenes." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 71, no. 2 (2006): 190–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc20060190.

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Synthesis of the first representatives of mixed acyl(perfluoroacyl)ferrocenes, 1-acetyl-1'-(trifluoroacetyl)ferrocene (3a) and 1-propionyl-1'-(trifluoroacetyl)ferrocene (3b), by stepwise Friedel-Crafts acylation is described. A comparison of redox potentials of acetylferrocene, (trifluoroacetyl)ferrocene, and 3a as determined by cyclic voltammetry shows that the substitution effect is not purely additive.
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10

Singh, Prabal, S. Yugandar, S. Kumar, H. Ila, and H. Junjappa. "Synthesis of Novel Five- and Six-Membered Ferrocene-Containing Heterocycles and Heteroaromatics via Cyclocondensation of 1-Ferro­cenyl-3,3-bis(methylthio)prop-2-en-1-one with Various Bifunctional Nucleophiles." Synthesis 49, no. 12 (March 10, 2017): 2700–2710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1588966.

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Synthesis and reactions of 1-ferrocenyl-3,3-bis(methylthio)prop-2-en-1-one as a versatile 1,3-bielectrophilic synthon leading to a range of novel ferrocene-containing five- and six-membered heterocycles and heteroaromatics has been reported. Thus its cyclocondensation with various bifunctional heteronucleophiles, such as hydrazine­, phenylhydrazine, hydroxylamine, guanidine, and amidine, affords­ a range of ferrocene-substituted pyrazoles, oxazoles, and pyrimidines in highly regioselective manner. Synthesis of few ferrocenyl-substituted pyridines and thiophenes has also been described. Similarly cycloaromatization of this ferrocene-substituted α-oxoketene dithioacetal with anions generated from (het)arylacetonitriles provides a facile entry to ferrocene-substituted heteroaromatics in good yields. Synthesis of a few 2-ferrocenylvinyl-substituted heterocycles, such as pyrazoles, isoxazoles, and pyrimidines, via cyclocondensation of a novel 5-ferrocenyl-1,1-bis(methylthio)penta-1,4-dien-3-one with phenylhydrazine, hydroxylamine, and guanidine has also been reported.
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11

Sinha, Neeta. "Synthesis of 3-Ferrocenyl Isocoumarins." Oriental Journal Of Chemistry 36, no. 05 (October 25, 2020): 976–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/ojc/360527.

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The derivatives of 3-ferrocenyl isocoumarin were synthesized by the condensation of substituted homothphalic anhydride with ferrocene using phosphoric acid or anhydrous aluminium chloride as cyclising agent. Substituted homophthalic acid did not condense with ferrocene so homophthalic acids were converted into their anhydride and then allowed to react with ferrocene in the presence of polyphosphoric acid or in the presence of anhydrous aluminium chloride using dichloromethane as the solvent to give 3-ferrocenyl isocoumarins. 7-Methoxy, 6-methyl, 5,7-dihydroxy, 6,7-dimethoxy and 5,7-dimethoxy derivatives of 3-ferrocenyl isocoumarin were synthesized. All the compounds were characterised by melting point determination, elemental and spectral analysis.
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12

Gao, Li Ming, Ramón Hernández, Jaime Matta, and Enrique Meléndez. "Synthesis, Structure, Electrochemistry, and Cytotoxic Properties of Ferrocenyl Ester Derivatives." Metal-Based Drugs 2009 (March 24, 2009): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2009/420784.

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A series of ferrocenyl ester complexes, varying the lipophilic character of the pendant groups, was prepared and characterized by spectroscopic and analytical methods. The syntheses of Fe(C5H4CO2CH3)2, Fe(CpCOOCH3) (CpCOO CH2CH3), and Fe(CpCOOCH2CH3)2 are reported. The solid-state structure of Fe(C5H4CO2CH3)2 has been determined by X-ray crystallography. Fe(C5H4CO2CH3)2 has the cyclopentadienyl rings virtually in an eclipsed conformation with the pendant groups not completely opposite to each other. Cyclic voltammetry characterization showed that the functionalized ferrocenes oxidize at potentials, Epa, higher than ferrocene as a result of the electro withdrawing effect of the pendant groups on the cyclopentadienyl ligand. The cytotoxicities of Fe(C5H4CO2CH2CH2OH)2, Fe(C5H4CO2CH2CH=CH2)2, Fe(C5H4CO2CH3)2, Fe(CpCOOCH3)(CpCOOCH2CH3), and Fe(CpCOOCH2CH3)2 in colon cancer HT-29 and breast cancer MCF-7 cell lines were measured by the MTT biological viability assay and compared to ferrocene and ferrocenium. Fe(C5H4CO2CH2CH=CH2)2 showed the best IC50 values, 180(10) μM for HT-29 and 190(30) μM for MCF-7 cell lines, with cytotoxicities similar to ferrocenium. The cytotoxic data suggest that as we increase the lipophilic character of the functionalized ferrocene, the cytotoxicity improves approaching to the cytotoxic activity of ferrocenium.
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13

Ermolaev, Vadim V., Liliya R. Kadyrgulova, Mikhail N. Khrizanforov, Tatiana P. Gerasimova, Gulnaz R. Baembitova, Anna A. Lazareva, and Vasili A. Miluykov. "Conductive Mediators in Oxidation Based on Ferrocene Functionalized Phosphonium Ionic Liquids." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 24 (December 8, 2022): 15534. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232415534.

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Herein, the synthesis of ferrocene-containing salts is presented. Acylation of ferrocene (Fc) according to the Friedel–Crafts method led to ω-bromoacyl ferrocenes. The ω-bromoacyl ferrocenes were subsequently introduced to quaternization reaction with tri-tert-butyl phosphine, which resulted in phosphonium salts. Obtained phosphonium salts were characterized by physical methods. The electrochemical properties of phosphonium salts were studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV). It was found that the replacement of n-butyl fragments at the phosphorus atom by tert-butyl leads to a more anodic potential shift. In contrast to isolobal structures Fc-C(O)(CH2)nP+(n-Bu)3X− and Fc-(CH2)n+1P+(n-Bu)3X−, the CV curves of Fc-C(O)(CH2)nP+(t-Bu)3X− and Fc-(CH2)n+1P+(t-Bu)3X− did not show a large discrepancy between forward and reverse currents. The transformation of the C=O groups to CH2 fragments had a significant effect on the electrochemical properties of ferrocene salts, the oxidation potential of which is close to that of pure ferrocene.
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14

Balsukuri, Naresh, Shigeki Mori, and Iti Gupta. "Donor acceptor type ferrocene substituted aza-BODIPYs: Synthesis, optical and electrochemical studies." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 20, no. 06 (June 2016): 719–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424616500693.

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Two ferrocene substituted aza-BODIPYs and their corresponding aza-dipyrrins were synthesized and studied. All the compounds were characterized by HRMS, NMR, IR, absorption spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry techniques. Absorption spectra indicated intramolecular electron transfer from the ferrocene to the aza-BODIPY core. The X-ray crystal structure of 1,7-bisferrocenyl-aza-BODIPY suggested moderate interactions between the ferrocene moieties and aza-BODIPYs core. Ferrocenyl-aza-BODIPYs were non-emissive due to electron transfer from ferrocene moieties to boron aza-dipyrrin core. However the emission of these compounds was dramatically enhanced by oxidizing the ferrocene moieties to ferrocenium ions, which prevents electron transfer between these moieties. Cyclic voltammetry studies suggested that aza-BODIPYs were easier to be reduced as compared to their corresponding aza-dipyrrins.
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15

Wu, Jinsheng, Xiaolong Li, Mingyu Yang, Yujie Gao, Qianru Lv, and Baohua Chen. "Convenient synthesis of ferrocene amines via Cu-catalyzed coupling reaction." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 86, no. 9 (September 1, 2008): 871–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v08-096.

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An efficient copper-catalyzed Ullmann-type cross-coupling reaction without ligand of iodo-ferrocene with amines has been reported. In this process, a range of ferrocenyl amine compounds have been prepared in moderate to good yields.Key words: amines, iodo-ferrocene, cross-coupling, copper, Ullmann coupling.
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16

Nakamura, E. "Bucky ferrocene. Hybrid of ferrocene and fullerene." Pure and Applied Chemistry 75, no. 4 (January 1, 2003): 427–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac200375040427.

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The idea of “bucky ferrocene” intrigues chemists owing to its aesthetic beauty and to its polarized, extended conjugated system, but the idea has remained hypothetical. The synthesis of close analogs of Fe(C60Me5)Cp and Fe(C70Me3)Cp was achieved in two steps from [60] and [70]fullerenes, relying on an oxidative C–H bond activation starting with an iron(I) complex and the corresponding cyclopentadienyl precursors, respectively. The molecules can be regarded as members of a new organometallic conjugated system connected to a graphitic system. Numerous synthetic transformations and self-organization procedures that are known for the parent ferrocenes and fullerenes are expected to be employable toward productive use of the ferrocene/fullerene hybrid molecules in chemistry and materials sciences.
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17

Hrstka, Skoupilová, Bartošík, Sommerová, Karban, and Pinkas. "Ferrocenes as Potential Anticancer Drugs: Determination of the Mechanism of Action." Proceedings 22, no. 1 (August 7, 2019): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019022016.

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Chemotherapy is an essential treatment that still plays a vital role in cancer treatment worldwide. The ferrocene derivatives of the general formula [Fe{(η5‑C5H4CH2(p‑C6H4)CH2(N‑het)}2] bearing modified six and five membered N-heterocycles were tested in vitro for their cytotoxic properties against ovarian cancer cell lines A2780 and SK-OV-3. These ferrocene complexes displayed cytotoxicity in low micromolar concentrations against both cell lines. To study cellular uptake of particular ferrocenes into tumor cells, we used differential pulse voltammetry and ICP-MS. We confirmed the crucial role of transferrin receptors in the process of intracellular accumulation of these ferrocenes. Interestingly, the rate of intracellular accumulation of particular ferrocenes clearly mirrored the cytotoxicity of these organometallic compounds. Deeper investigation of the mechanism by which ferrocenes kill tumor cells revealed induction of apoptosis associated with significant increase of reactive oxygen species. In conclusion, our screening identified several ferrocene derivatives exerting promising cytostatic activity in vitro. Further investigation led to the identification of the mechanism of action of these potential anticancer agents, which represents an important milestone in preclinical anticancer drug discovery programs. This work was supported by the project MEYS-NPS I-LO1413, MH CZ-DRO (MMCI, 00209805) and Czech Science Foundation project 17-05838S.
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18

Sørensen, Thomas, and Merete Nielsen. "Synthesis, UV/vis spectra and electrochemical characterisation of arylthio and styryl substituted ferrocenes." Open Chemistry 9, no. 4 (August 1, 2011): 610–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-011-0040-8.

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AbstractTwo series of substituted ferrocenes were synthesised using either the Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction or monolithiation of ferrocene. The series consist of arylthio- and styryl-ferrocenes with different substituents in the para position of the aryl rings of the systems. The electronic communication was investigated by comparing the substituent effects in absorption spectroscopy and in cyclic voltammetry. A small substituent effect was found in the electronic transitions of the styryl substituted ferrocenes. The oxidation of the ferrocene derivatives showed clear substituent effects as illustrated by the linear Hammett plots. The effect was shown to be an order of magnitude larger in the arylthio-systems than in the styryl systems. It is suggested that the reason behind the large effect is a direct sulfur-iron orbital overlap.
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19

Nacer, Salah Neghmouche, and Touhami Lanez. "The Effect of Hydrazide Group on the Oxydation of Ferrocene at Two Different Electrodes Using Rotating Disk Electrode (RDE) in Organic Medium." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 12 (September 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.12.1.

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Through this work we adopted Rotating Disk Electrode (RDE) Voltammetry to study the kinetics of oxidation and the effect of hydrazide group on ferrocene in organic medium. Thus, two different electrodes (Pt and Ge) were used in order to determine this latter. According to the ferrocene taken as a witness the hydrazide group related to the ferrocene made oxidation more difficult. This ferrocenic derivative showed an electrochemical stability, a reversible electrochemical system and an electronic attractor effect of these substitutional ferrocene groups. Finally, we calculated some electrochemical parameters which were: the diffusion coefficients (D), the layer thickness ‹δ› in addition to the electron transfer rate.
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20

Nacer, Salah Neghmouche, and Touhami Lanez. "The Effect of Hydrazide Group on the Oxydation of Ferrocene at Two Different Electrodes Using Rotating Disk Electrode (RDE) in Organic Medium." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 12 (April 20, 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-1p1i4f.

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Through this work we adopted Rotating Disk Electrode (RDE) Voltammetry to study the kinetics of oxidation and the effect of hydrazide group on ferrocene in organic medium. Thus, two different electrodes (Pt and Ge) were used in order to determine this latter. According to the ferrocene taken as a witness the hydrazide group related to the ferrocene made oxidation more difficult. This ferrocenic derivative showed an electrochemical stability, a reversible electrochemical system and an electronic attractor effect of these substitutional ferrocene groups. Finally, we calculated some electrochemical parameters which were: the diffusion coefficients (D), the layer thickness ‹δ› in addition to the electron transfer rate.
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21

Rauf, Umair, Ghulam Shabir, Saba Bukhari, Fernando Albericio, and Aamer Saeed. "Contemporary Developments in Ferrocene Chemistry: Physical, Chemical, Biological and Industrial Aspects." Molecules 28, no. 15 (July 30, 2023): 5765. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28155765.

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Ferrocenyl-based compounds have many applications in diverse scientific disciplines, including in polymer chemistry as redox dynamic polymers and dendrimers, in materials science as bioreceptors, and in pharmacology, biochemistry, electrochemistry, and nonlinear optics. Considering the horizon of ferrocene chemistry, we attempted to condense the neoteric advancements in the synthesis and applications of ferrocene derivatives reported in the literature from 2016 to date. This paper presents data on the progression of the synthesis of diverse classes of organic compounds having ferrocene scaffolds and recent developments in applications of ferrocene-based organometallic compounds, with a special focus on their biological, medicinal, bio-sensing, chemosensing, asymmetric catalysis, material, and industrial applications.
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22

Frey, Guido D., and Stephan D. Hoffmann. "Synthesis of ferrocenyl aryl ethers via Cu(I)/phosphine catalyst systems." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 70, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2014-0178.

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AbstractFerrocenyl aryl ethers can be synthesized in good yields by Cu(I)/phosphine-catalyzed coupling reactions from iodoferrocene or 1,1′-dibromoferrocene and various phenols in toluene, using Cs2CO3 or K3PO4 as a base. For the first time a solid-state structure of a ferrocenyl-1,1′-diaryl ether [1,1′-di(4-tert-butylphenoxy)ferrocene] has been determined from single-crystal X-ray data. The mixed ferrocenyl aryl ether 1-(4-tert-butylphenoxy)-1′-(2,4-dimethylphenoxy)ferrocene was prepared in a two-step synthetic protocol.
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23

Beckwith, ALJ, RA Jackson, and RW Longmore. "The Intermediacy of Free Aryl Radicals in the Reaction of o-Alkenyloxybenzenediazonium Salts With Ferrocene." Australian Journal of Chemistry 45, no. 5 (1992): 857. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9920857.

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The formation of 3-ferrocenylmethyl-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran (5a) and similar products bearing cyclized substituents, when ferrocene or mixtures of ferrocene and ferrocenium ion are treated witho - allyloxybenzene - or o-but-3-enyloxybenzene-dimonium salts, provides unequivocal evidence for the intermediacy of free aryl radicals in the reaction of ferrocene with arenediazonium salts. The results are consistent with a mechanism involving electron transfer and dediazoniation followed by homolytic attack on ferroce nium ion.
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24

Scottwell, Synøve Ø., and James D. Crowley. "Ferrocene-containing non-interlocked molecular machines." Chemical Communications 52, no. 12 (2016): 2451–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cc09569g.

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Ferrocene is chemically robust and readily functionalized which enables its facile incorporation into more complex molecular systems. This coupled with ferrocene's reversible redox properties and ability to function as a “molecular ball bearing” has led to the use of ferrocene as a component in wide range of non-interlocked synthetic molecular machine systems.
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25

Nacer, Salah Neghmouche, Abdelhamid Khelef, and Touhami Lanez. "Calculation of Diffusion Coefficients for Oxidation of Ferrocene Derivative Synthesized at Two Different Electrodes Using Rotating Disk Electrode (RDE)." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 14 (September 2013): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.14.39.

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The electrochemical behavior of N'-Ferrocenylmethyl-N'-Phenylbenzohydrazide synthesized is studied by Rotating Disk Electrode (RDE) Voltammetry to study the kinetics of oxidation and the effect of hydrazide group on ferrocene in organic medium. Thus, two different electrodes (Pt and Gc) were used in ordre to determine this latter. According to the ferrocene taken as a witness the hydrazide group related to the ferrocene made oxydation more difficult. This ferrocenic derivative showed an electrochemical stability, a reversible electrochemical system and an electronic attractor effect of these substitutional ferrocene groups. Finally, we calculated some electrochemical parameters which were: the diffusion coefficients (D), the layer thickness (δ) in addition to the electron transfer rate.
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26

Nacer, Salah Neghmouche, Abdelhamid Khelef, and Touhami Lanez. "Calculation of Diffusion Coefficients for Oxidation of Ferrocene Derivative Synthesized at Two Different Electrodes Using Rotating Disk Electrode (RDE)." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 14 (May 19, 2013): 39–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-7k19w6.

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The electrochemical behavior of N'-Ferrocenylmethyl-N'-Phenylbenzohydrazide synthesized is studied by Rotating Disk Electrode (RDE) Voltammetry to study the kinetics of oxidation and the effect of hydrazide group on ferrocene in organic medium. Thus, two different electrodes (Pt and Gc) were used in ordre to determine this latter. According to the ferrocene taken as a witness the hydrazide group related to the ferrocene made oxydation more difficult. This ferrocenic derivative showed an electrochemical stability, a reversible electrochemical system and an electronic attractor effect of these substitutional ferrocene groups. Finally, we calculated some electrochemical parameters which were: the diffusion coefficients (D), the layer thickness (δ) in addition to the electron transfer rate.
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27

Montes-González, Ingrid, Ambar M. Alsina-Sánchez, Juan C. Aponte-Santini, Sara M. Delgado-Rivera, and Geraldo L. Durán-Camacho. "Perspectives of ferrocenyl chalcones: synthetic scaffolds toward biomedical and materials science applications." Pure and Applied Chemistry 91, no. 4 (April 24, 2019): 653–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pac-2018-0802.

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Abstract Ferrocene and its derivatives constitute versatile and interesting scaffolds for the global chemical enterprise due to its multiple applications that range from biomedical to materials science. Ferrocenyl derivatives are the leading compounds in our research for the syntheses and characterization as well as their potential biological applications. Among them, our recent focus has been in ferrocenyl chalcones as a framework for further derivatization. The proposed modifications consist on the incorporation of heterocyclic moieties into the ferrocenyl chalcone core. This can be afforded either by introducing a heterocyclic aromatic moiety as a substituent or functionalizing the α-β unsaturated system. Another modification explored is the formation of ammonium or pyridinium salts to increase water solubility. Studied ferrocenyl chalcones exhibit remarkable stability, physical, and electrochemical properties. These factors have led the approaches for them to be precursors of biologically active compounds (cancer, bacteria, malaria, and neurobiological diseases). Moreover, other potential applications include molecular materials, redox-sensors, and polymers. Our goal in this mini review is to highlight the chemistry of ferrocene derivatives with particular prominence to those ferrocenyl chalcones studied in our laboratory and their applications. Moreover, we are providing a background on ferrocene, chalcones, and ferrocenyl chalcones, emphasizing the methodologies with preeminent yields.
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28

Erb, William, and Florence Mongin. "Twofold Ferrocene C–H Lithiations For One-Step Difunctionalizations." Synthesis 51, no. 01 (December 5, 2018): 146–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1610396.

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For some aromatics, a twofold C–H deprotolithiation can be achieved, allowing these compounds to be subsequently difunctionalized in one step. This short review brings together examples in which ferrocenes are converted in this way.1 Introduction2 Bare Ferrocene3 Ferrocenes Substituted by Alkyl or Silyl Groups4 Ferrocenes Substituted by Aminoalkyls5 Ferrocenes Substituted by Halogens or Oxygen-Based Groups6 Ferrocenes Substituted by Alkoxyalkyls or Acetals7 Ferrocenes Substituted by Sulfoxides8 Ferrocenes Substituted by Oxazolines9 Ferrocenes Substituted by Carboxamides10 Conclusion
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29

Ayaz, Sidra, Afzal Shah, and Shamsa Munir. "Investigation of Electron Transfer Mechanistic Pathways of Ferrocene Derivatives in Droplet at Carbon Electrode." C 8, no. 3 (September 9, 2022): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/c8030045.

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The results of cyclic, differential pulse and square wave voltammetric studies of four ferrocene derivatives, i.e., 4-ferrocenyl-3-methyl aniline (FMA), 3-Chloro-4-ferrocenyl aniline (CFA), 4-ferrocenyl aniline (FA) and ferrocenyl benzoic acid (FBA) on carbon electrode, revealed that the redox behavior of these compounds is sensitive to pH, concentration, scan number and scan rate. One electron, diffusion controlled, with a quasi-reversible redox signal displaying ferrocene/ferrocenium couple was observed for each of the studied ferrocenyl derivatives. Quasi-reversibility of this signal is evidenced by ∆Ep, Ia/Ic current ratio and ksh values. Another one electron and one proton irreversible oxidation signal was noticed in the voltammograms of these compounds except FBA. This signal corresponds to the electro-oxidation of the amine group and its irreversibility, as supported by ∆Ep, Ia/Ic current ratio and ksh values, is due to the influence of the electron donating nature of the amine group. A number of electrochemical parameters such as D, ksh, LOD and LOQ were evaluated for the targeted ferrocene derivatives. The obtained parameters are expected to provide insights into the redox mechanism for understanding their biochemical actions. The electrochemistry presented in this work is done using a unique environmentally benign and cost-effective droplet electrochemical approach.
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Krupp, Anna, Jessica Wegge, Felix Otte, Johannes Kleinheider, Helene Wall, and Carsten Strohmann. "Crystal structures of [(N,N-dimethylamino)methyl]ferrocene and (R p,R p)-bis{2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]ferrocenyl}dimethylsilane." Acta Crystallographica Section E Crystallographic Communications 76, no. 9 (August 11, 2020): 1437–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2056989020010397.

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The title compound [(N,N-dimethylamino)methyl]ferrocene, [Fe(C5H5)(C8H12N)], (1), is an interesting starting material for the synthesis of planar chiral 1,2-disubstituted ferrocenes, as demonstrated by the preparation of (R p,R p)-bis{2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]ferrocenyl}dimethylsilane, [Fe2(C5H5)2(C18H18N2Si)], (2), from the lithiated derivative of 1. The configuration of the lithium compound is unchanged after the substitution reaction and the chirality is preserved in space group P212121. In both compounds, the Cp rings adopt eclipsed conformations. Hirshfeld surface analysis was used to investigate the intermolecular interactions, and showed that H...H (van der Waals) interactions dominate in both structures with contact percentages of 83.9 and 88.4% for 1 and 2, respectively.
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31

Honegger, Philipp, Alexander Roller, and Michael Widhalm. "Synthesis and characterization of enantiopure planar–chiral phosphorus-linked diferrocenes." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 77, no. 3 (February 25, 2021): 152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229621001996.

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In the course of an ongoing synthetic project on cyclic diferrocenylphosphines, we obtained a group of planar–chiral diferrocenyl compounds useful as precursors for subsequent cyclization. Here we report the crystal structures of two symmetric compounds [(FcA)2(Ph)P], one of which contains four stereogenic centres (two C chiral and two planar chiral centres), i.e. 1,1′-(phenylphosphanediyl)bis{(2S p)-2-[(1R)-1-(acetyloxy)ethyl]ferrocene}, [Fe2(C5H5)2(C24H25O4P)], and the other phosphine sulfide is a purely planar–chiral compound (two planar chiral centres), i.e. bis[(2S p)--2-ethenylferrocen-1-yl]phenylphosphane sulfide, [Fe2(C5H5)2(C20H17PS)]. Owing to the stereocentres present, reactions performed on [(FcA)2(Ph)P]-type compounds strongly favour one ferrocene unit over the other due to diastereoselectivity. Furthermore, we present four related structures where the ferrocene units are not identical [(FcA)(FcB)(Ph)P]. These are {(2S p)-2-[(1R)-1-(acetyloxy)ethyl]ferrocen-1-yl}[(2S p)-2-ethenylferrocen-1-yl]phenyl-(S)-phosphine sulfide, [Fe2(C5H5)2(C22H21O2PS)], [(2S p)-2-ethenylferrocen-1-yl]{(2S p)-2-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]ferrocen-1-yl}phenyl-(S)-phosphine sulfide, [Fe2(C5H5)2(C20H19OPS)], {(2S p)-2-[(1R)-1-(acetyloxy)ethyl]ferrocen-1-yl}{(2S p)-2-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]ferrocen-1-yl}phenyl-(R)-phosphine sulfide, [Fe2(C5H5)2(C22H23O3PS)], and {(2S p)-2-[(1R)-1-benzylamino)ethyl]ferrocen-1-yl}[(2S p)-2-ethenylferrocen-1-yl]phenyl-(S)-phosphine sulfide, [Fe2(C5H5)2(C27H26NPS)]. All of the structures are accessible in one step from known precursors.
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32

Osipova, Elena Yu, Alexey N. Rodionov, Alexander A. Simenel, Yury A. Belousov, Oleg M. Nikitin, and Vadim V. Kachala. "Application of reductive amination reaction for preparation of ferrocene-modified porphyrins." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 16, no. 11 (October 22, 2012): 1225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424612501246.

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Porphyrin-modified ferrocenes were synthesized via the reductive amination reaction of ferrocenylpyrazolecarboxaldehydes and tetraphenylporphyrinamine. The steric hindrance of ferrocene moiety was found to play the key role in this reaction.
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33

Iizumi, Yoko, Hironori Suzuki, Masayoshi Tange, and Toshiya Okazaki. "Diameter selective electron transfer from encapsulated ferrocenes to single-walled carbon nanotubes." Nanoscale 6, no. 22 (2014): 13910–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4nr04398g.

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The diameter selective photoluminescence quenching of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) is observed upon ferrocene encapsulation, which can be attributed to electron transfer from the encapsulated ferrocenes to the SWCNTs.
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34

Boubekri, Chérifa, Abdehamid Khelef, Belgacem Terki, and Touhami Lanez. "Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of N-(Ferrocenylmethyl)Aminobenzonitrile and N-(Ferrocenylmethyl)Nitroaniline Derivatives." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 49 (April 2015): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.49.27.

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Seven novel ferrocene derivatives containing (methylamino)benzonitrile and N-methylnitroaniline groups (3a-3f and 4) have been synthesized by conventional methods and characterized by FT-IR, NMR and cyclic voltammetry. The electrochemical behavior of these compounds (3a-3f) has been studied by cyclic voltammetry measurements at a platinum electrode in acetonitrile/0.1 M TBAP. The ferrocenyl group in all compounds showed similar reversible one-electron redox process, suggesting that the ferrocene moieties are equivalent and that there are no interactions among them. The formal potential, , is shifted to the more positive potential, indicating that the (methylamino)benzonitrile and N-methylnitroaniline introduced to ferrocene moiety exercise an electron-withdrawing effect.
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35

Boubekri, Chérifa, Abdehamid Khelef, Belgacem Terki, and Touhami Lanez. "Synthesis and Electrochemical Properties of N-(Ferrocenylmethyl)Aminobenzonitrile and N-(Ferrocenylmethyl)Nitroaniline Derivatives." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 49 (April 7, 2015): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.56431/p-6142oc.

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Seven novel ferrocene derivatives containing (methylamino)benzonitrile and N-methylnitroaniline groups (3a-3f and 4) have been synthesized by conventional methods and characterized by FT-IR, NMR and cyclic voltammetry. The electrochemical behavior of these compounds (3a-3f) has been studied by cyclic voltammetry measurements at a platinum electrode in acetonitrile/0.1 M TBAP. The ferrocenyl group in all compounds showed similar reversible one-electron redox process, suggesting that the ferrocene moieties are equivalent and that there are no interactions among them. The formal potential, , is shifted to the more positive potential, indicating that the (methylamino)benzonitrile and N-methylnitroaniline introduced to ferrocene moiety exercise an electron-withdrawing effect.
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36

Mou, Qi, Ruyuan Zhao, Ruihan Niu, Seiya Fukagawa, Taiki Shigeno, Tatsuhiko Yoshino, Shigeki Matsunaga, and Bo Sun. "Cp*Ir(iii)/chiral carboxylic acid-catalyzed enantioselective C–H alkylation of ferrocene carboxamides with diazomalonates." Organic Chemistry Frontiers 8, no. 24 (2021): 6923–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1qo01344k.

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An achiral Cp*Ir(iii)/chiral carboxylic acid-catalysed enantioselective C–H alkylation of ferrocene carboxamides with diazomalonates was achieved, providing planar chiral alkylated ferrocenes in up to 94 : 6 er.
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37

Toma, Štefan, Martin Putala, and Marta Sališová. "Ultrasound-accelerated synthesis of ferrocene-containing pyrimidine derivatives." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 52, no. 2 (1987): 395–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19870395.

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The base-catalysed addition of thiourea to ferrocene analogues of chalcones is faster and more selective when the reaction mixture is sonicated than when merely heated. 4-Aryl-6-ferrocenyl- and 6-aryl-4-ferrocenyl-3,4-dihydropyrimidine-2(1H)-tyhiones were isolated in 58-79% yields.
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38

Honzíček, Jan, Tatiana Fedorova, Jaromír Vinklárek, Tomáš Mikysek, and Ivana Císařová. "Modified Ferrocenes as Primary Driers for Formulations of Alkyd Paints." Coatings 10, no. 9 (September 9, 2020): 873. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10090873.

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The effect of modification of benzoylferrocene periphery on catalytic activity toward drying of alkyd resins has been investigated by the combination of experimental techniques. A series of substituted ferrocenes have been synthesized and characterized by analytical and spectroscopic tools including X-ray diffraction analysis on single crystals. The electrochemical behavior of the ferrocene derivatives has been elucidated by cyclic voltammetry and rotation disk voltammetry. The activity toward room temperature curing of alkyd resin has been evaluated by standard mechanical tests on coated plates, which enabled to establish a structure/catalytic activity relationship. Fast drying of test coatings has been observed for formulations of (3-methoxybenzoyl) ferrocene. Time-resolved infrared spectroscopy in combination with attenuated total reflectance sampling technique enabled to reveal the kinetic origin of the improved performance for this ferrocene derivative.
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39

Rajakumar, Perumal, Ramasamy Anandhan, and Ayyavoo Kannan. "1,2,3-Triazole Ferrocenyldendrimers Through Click Chemistry Approach and their Optical and Electrochemical Properties." Australian Journal of Chemistry 65, no. 10 (2012): 1457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch12166.

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Novel ferrocenyl dendrimers with ferrocene as a surface group and with triazole as a bridging unit have been synthesised through click chemistry. The increasing numbers of triazole and ferrocenyl units at the antenna increase the light absorbing ability. The electrochemical behaviour changes with increasing ferrocenyl and triazole units.
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40

Tauchman, Jiří, Jakub Trnka, Ivana Císařová, and Petr Štěpnička. "Synthesis, crystal structures and electrochemistry of ferrocenyl-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 75, no. 10 (2010): 1023–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc2010064.

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Two ferrocenyl-substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles, 2-ferrocenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (1) and 2,5-diferrocenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole (2), have been prepared from the corresponding hydrazides, (ferrocenecarbonyl)hydrazine (3) and 1,2-bis(ferrocenecarbonyl)hydrazine (4), and characterized by conventional spectroscopic methods (IR, NMR, MS) and elemental analyses. The solid-state structures of 1, 2 and 4 have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The redox behavior of 1 and 2 was studied by electrochemical methods. Compound 1 underwent a reversible one-electron oxidation attributed to the ferrocene/ ferrocenium couple (Eo′ = +0.28 V vs ferrocene/ferrocenium). On the other hand, compound 2 showed two closely separated anodic waves corresponding to two consecutive redox changes, indicating some degree of electronic communication between the ferrocenyl moieties in positions 2 and 5 at the 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring.
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41

Srivastava, Prakash C., Sangeeta Bajpai, Rajesh Kumar, Shikha Srivastava, Vikas Singh, Shrinkhala Dwivedi, and Ray J. Butcher. "Synthesis and characterization of bis(ferrocenylcarboxylato)telluranes." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 85, no. 7-8 (July 1, 2007): 534–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v07-073.

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A convenient route to the synthesis of the first bis(ferrocenyl carboxylato) telluranes has been developed. Reactions of 1,1,2,3,4,5,6-heptahydro-1,1-(dihydroxo)tellurane and 1,1,2,3,4,5-hexahydro-1,1-(dihydroxo)tellurophene with ferrocene carboxylic acid give 1,1,2,3,4,5,6-heptahydro-1,1-bis(ferrocenyl carboxylato)tellurane (3) and 1,1,2,3,4,5,-hexahydro-1,1-bis(ferrocenyl carboxylato)tellurophene (5), respectively. The X-ray structure of 3 shows that it contains a tellurium heterocycle (C5H10Te), present in a chair conformation, sandwiched between two ferrocene units with carboxylate groups acting as spacers. Compound 3 also exhibits modest second harmonic generation (SHG) efficiency. The electrochemical studies of 3 and 5 through cyclic voltammetry show only one oxidation wave, indicating the presence of independent redox centers leading to reversible single-step two-electron redox systems.Key words: tellurane, ferrocenylcarboxylate, SHG efficiency, electrochemistry.
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42

Alkan, Arda, Laura Thomi, Tassilo Gleede, and Frederik R. Wurm. "Vinyl ferrocenyl glycidyl ether: an unprotected orthogonal ferrocene monomer for anionic and radical polymerization." Polymer Chemistry 6, no. 19 (2015): 3617–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5py00404g.

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43

Turrin, Cédric-Olivier, Eric Manoury, and Anne-Marie Caminade. "Ferrocenyl Phosphorhydrazone Dendrimers Synthesis, and Electrochemical and Catalytic Properties." Molecules 25, no. 3 (January 21, 2020): 447. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25030447.

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The discovery of ferrocene is often associated with the rapid growth of organometallic chemistry. Dendrimers are highly branched macromolecules that can be functionalized at will at all levels of their structure. The functionalization of dendrimers with ferrocene derivatives can be carried out easily as terminal functions on the surface, but also at the core, or at one or several layers inside the structure. This review will focus on phosphorhydrazone dendrimers functionalized with ferrocene derivatives, on the surface, at the core, at all layers or within a single layer inside the structure. The first part will describe the synthesis; the second part will concern the electrochemical properties; and the last part will give several examples concerning catalysis, with complexes of ferrocenyl phosphines used as terminal functions of dendrimers.
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44

Toledo, Kalil Cristhian Figueiredo, Bruno Morandi Pires, Juliano Alves Bonacin, and Bernardo Almeida Iglesias. "Stabilization of meso-tetraferrocenyl-porphyrin films by formation of composite with Prussian blue." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 21, no. 01 (January 2017): 10–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424616501224.

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Supramolecular systems based on porphyrin-ferrocene have attracted the attention to inorganic electrochemistry due to unique electronic properties and synergic behavior between porphyrin ring and peripheral ferrocene group. In order to improve the stability of the films of ferrocenyl-porphyrin on electrode’s surface, we used a combination of tetraferrocenylporphyrin and Prussian blue. The new structure formed was very stable and could be used in dopamine sensing, showing satisfactory analytical response comparable to other chemically modified electrodes the described in the literature.
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45

Stevanović, Dragana, Jovana Bugarinović, Marko Pešić, Anka Todosijević, Goran A. Bogdanović, and Ivan Damljanović. "Chemoselective synthesis of multifunctional ferrocene-containing derivatives by the cross Rauhut–Currier reaction." RSC Advances 11, no. 57 (2021): 36208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ra07619a.

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46

Shi, Yan-Chao, Rong-Fei Yang, De-Wei Gao, and Shu-Li You. "Enantioselective synthesis of planar chiral ferrocenes via palladium-catalyzed annulation with diarylethynes." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 9 (September 18, 2013): 1891–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.9.222.

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When Boc-L-Val-OH was used as a ligand for the enantioselective Pd(II)-catalyzed annulation of N,N-substituted aminomethyl ferrocene derivatives with diarylethynes, ferrocenes with planar chirality could be achieved with excellent enantioselectivity (up to 99% ee).
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47

Singh, Tavneet K., Reese A. Grandy, Emma S. Dennis, Anja S. B. Schouten, and Bryan D. Koivisto. "Exploring Structure-Property Relationships in a Family of Ferrocene-Containing, Triphenylamine-Based Hybrid Organic Dyes." Applied Sciences 12, no. 12 (June 13, 2022): 6001. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12126001.

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In this work, a new family of triphenylamine-based dyes equipped with ferrocene (Fc)-containing donors have been synthesized, characterized, and studied within dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). With the objective of designing a redox-robust iron-containing dye that effectively sensitizes titania, a family of five structurally related dyes containing ferrocene were prepared. The physicochemical properties of all dyestuffs were studied using UV-Vis and electrochemical measurements. Different cross-coupling strategies resulted in the ability to modestly tune the Fc/Fc+ redox potentials of the dye. Despite the Fc-containing dyes having optoelectronic properties consistent with the non-ferrocene parent dye, the performance of the dyes in devices was dismal and decreased with the number of appended ferrocenes. While this finding was consistent with previous attempts to explore Fc-TPA DSSC dyes, our spectroelectrochemical data supports the hypothesis that the ferrocene component of the dye is oxidized by the electrolyte, ultimately decreasing the dye’s ability to be a suitable sensitizer. While these dyes are not suitable for DSSC applications, they might find applications in other photo-induced integrated devices where charge recombination is minimal.
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48

Blömker, Tobias, Philipp Böckmann, Gerald Kehr, Roland Fröhlich, and Gerhard Erker. "Synthesis and Reactions of Ferrocenyl-capped Long-chain Alkynes." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 64, no. 6 (June 1, 2009): 587–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2009-0602.

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Alkyl-substituted acetylenes and diacetylenes with terminal ferrocenyl groups were synthesised starting from ferrocene. The reactivity of the triple bonds in the resulting compounds was used to prepare cobalt-alkyne complexes. Cyclotrimerisation of the monoacetylene resulted in a hexa-substituted benzene derivative with six pending ferrocenyl groups.
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49

Auch, Tanja-Corinna, Holger Braunschweig, Krzysztof Radacki, Rainer Sigritz, Ulrich Siemeling, and Sascha Stellwag. "Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 1,3-Diphenyl-2-ferrocenyl-1,3,2-diazabora-[ 3]ferrocenophane." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 63, no. 7 (July 1, 2008): 920–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2008-0718.

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50

Wrackmeyer, Bernd, Udo Dörfler, Joachim Rinck, and Max Herberhold. "Borylation of 1,1′-Dibromoferrocene and Alkylferrocenes." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 49, no. 10 (October 1, 1994): 1403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-1994-1016.

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Abstract1,1′-Dibromoferrocene (1) and alkylferrocenes (ethylferrocene 2a, n-butyiferrocene 2b) react stepwise with an excess of boron tribromide in hexane to give first the monoborylated ferrocenes (3, 5a, 6a) followed by the diborylated ferrocenes (4, 7a, 8a). In the case of 4, two diastereomers are obtained. The triborylated ferrocene derivatives 9a,b are obtained in high yield as the final products. The proposed structures of all borylated ferrocenes are supported by a consistent set of 1H, 13C and 11B NMR data.
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