Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fermeture de la boucle'
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Angeli, Adrien. "Détection visuelle de fermeture de boucle et applications à la localisation et cartographie simultanées." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004634.
Birem, Merwan. "Localisation et détection de fermeture de boucle basées saillance visuelle : algorithmes et architectures matérielles." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF22558/document.
In several tasks of robotics, vision is considered to be the essential element by which the perception of the environment or the interaction with other users can be realized. However, the potential artifacts in the captured images make the task of recognition and interpretation of the visual information extremely complicated. It is therefore very important to use robust, stable and high repeatability rate primitives to achieve good performance. This thesis deals with the problems of localization and loop closure detection for a mobile robot using visual saliency. The results in terms of accuracy and efficiency of localization and closure detection applications are evaluated and compared to the results obtained with the approaches provided in literature, both applied on different sequences of images acquired in outdoor environnement. The main drawback with the models proposed for the extraction of salient regions is their computational complexity, which leads to significant processing time. To obtain a real-time processing, we present in this thesis also the implementation of the salient region detector on the reconfigurable platform DreamCam
Korrapati, Hemanth. "Fermeture de boucle pour la cartographie topologique et la navigation avec des images omnidirectionnelles." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00877034.
Angeli, Adrien. "Détection visuelle de fermeture de boucle et applications à la localisation et catographie simultanées." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066388.
Alexandre, Chapoulie. "Contributions aux méthodes de détection visuelle de fermeture de boucle et de segmentation topologique de l'environnement." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00764868.
Chapoulie, Alexandre. "Contributions aux méthodes de détection visuelle de fermeture de boucle et de segmentation topologique de l'environnement." Nice, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NICE4055.
In the context of global localization and, more widely, in Simultaneous Localization and Mapping, it is mandatory to be able to detect if a robust comes to a previously visited place. It is the loop closure detection problem. Algorithms, in visual place recognition, usually allow detection in real-time, are robust to perceptual aliasing or even to dynamic objects. Those algorithms are often sensitive to the robot orientation involving an impossibility to detect a loop closure from a different point of view. In order to alleviate this drawback, panoramic or omnidirectional cameras are often used. We propose a more general representation of the environment with an ego-centric spherical view. Using these representation properties, we elaborate a loop closure detection algorithm that satisfies, in addition to other properties, robot orientation independence. The environment model is often a set of images taken at various moments, each image corresponding to a place. Existing methods cluster those images ion meaning places of the environment, the topological places, using the concept of covisibility of information between places. Our approach relies on the utilization of the environment structure. We hence define a topological place as having a structure which does not change, variation leading to a place change. The structure variations are detected with an efficient change-point detection algorithm
Labbé, Mathieu. "Gestion de mémoire pour la détection de fermeture de boucle pour la cartographie temps réel par un robot mobile." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1580.
Üzer, Ferit. "Hybrid mapping for large urban environments." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CLF22675/document.
In this thesis, a novel vision based hybrid mapping framework which exploits metric, topological and semantic information is presented. We aim to obtain better computational efficiency than pure metrical mapping techniques, better accuracy as well as usability for robot guidance compared to the topological mapping. A crucial step of any mapping system is the loop closure detection which is the ability of knowing if the robot is revisiting a previously mapped area. Therefore, we first propose a hierarchical loop closure detection framework which also constructs the global topological structure of our hybrid map. Using this loop closure detection module, a hybrid mapping framework is proposed in two step. The first step can be understood as a topo-metric map with nodes corresponding to certain regions in the environment. Each node in turn is made up of a set of images acquired in that region. These maps are further augmented with metric information at those nodes which correspond to image sub-sequences acquired while the robot is revisiting the previously mapped area. The second step augments this model by using road semantics. A Conditional Random Field based classification on the metric reconstruction is used to semantically label the local robot path (road in our case) as straight, curved or junctions. Metric information of regions with curved roads and junctions is retained while that of other regions is discarded in the final map. Loop closure is performed only on junctions thereby increasing the efficiency and also accuracy of the map. By incorporating all of these new algorithms, the hybrid framework presented can perform as a robust, scalable SLAM approach, or act as a main part of a navigation tool which could be used on a mobile robot or an autonomous car in outdoor urban environments. Experimental results obtained on public datasets acquired in challenging urban environments are provided to demonstrate our approach
Dario, Julien. "Géographie d’une ville fragmentée : morphogenèse, gouvernance des voies et impacts de la fermeture résidentielle à Marseille." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0190.
This thesis describes causes and consequences of urban fragmentation linked to gated communities expansion in Marseille (France). This work is based on 10 years of research and field surveys led by geographers. The dynamics of enclosure is very strong from over 20 years in Marseille, especially in peripherical areas, urbanized all along 20th and 21th centuries. New-built residential projects in urban regeneration areas or existing streets closure are very common now and tends to be more and more. By this enclosure phenomenon, we question another elementary city’s object. We analyse street / road in its symbolical (link with public space), functional (enclosure impacts) and juridical (soil law) way. We address enclosure by its origins through a “geohistory” of streets and their private status, local morphogenesis of peripherical road map, marked by an old liberalism politics and informality. Actor’s plurality and their evolution through time about roads management and production reveal important governance stakes. It explains the inheritance and reproduction of a large number of private streets too. Lack of planification and public interventions has promoted enclosure dynamics. We analyse its impact on urban environment and urbanities in 3 ways: cut-offs intensity on urban street continuity and pedestrian moves, contradiction with urban public projects, linked to sustainable politics and at last, conflicts emergence between local residents. We built this work as a research-action, we address the impacts and genesis of this deeply embedded phenomenon
Peschot, Alexis. "Caractérisation de phénomènes physiques associés à l'ouverture et à la fermeture dans un relais MEMS." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01024488.
Hao, Kuangrong. "Algèbre de Lie et cinématique des mécanismes en boucles fermées." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1995. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00569136.
Aubry, Clément. "Analyse par intervalles pour la détection de boucles dans la trajectoire d'un robot mobile." Thesis, Brest, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BRES0032/document.
The work presented in this thesis deals with a new method for loop detection in the trajectory of a mobile robot. It is based on the use of proprioceptive measures, whereas other methods use exteroceptive measures. This makes this method totally independent from the simultaneous localisation and mapping problems that they are generally coupled with. The use of interval analysis allowed us, in this bounded error context, to compute two instants for which the position of the robot is identical although a significant movement has been observed between these moments. The method is automatic and only requires the knowledge of the state equations of the robot as well as the velocity measures carried out during its mission. The results of the true data algorithm, derived from an experiment carried out underwater, are very satisfactory and made it possible to prove the existence and uniqueness of more than half of the loops observed in the trajectory of the robot
MONAT, NGUYEN DINH AN PASCALE. "Fermeture d'un espace d'integrales stochastiques." Besançon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BESA2010.
Beaurain, François. "Les complexes boucle-boucle ARN : approches par dynamique moléculaire et spectroscopie UV en solution." Bordeaux 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR12716.
A kissing-complex is made of two hairpins with complementary loops. This kind of structure is known to participate in molecular recognition and is involved in a lot of gene regulation but also in all retrovirus dimerization process (for a review, see Brunel et al. , 2002). Some of the factors which determine the kissing-complex stability have already been studied (Gregorian & Crothers, 1995). Here after a preliminary reflexion about the kissing-complex topology, a study based on MD and UV monitored thermal denaturation experiments gets a deep insight into the kissing-complex structure and stability and brings a new way to aprehend this family of structures. Then, a MD study of the two DIS/DIS (Dimerization Initiating Site of HIV-1) kissing-complex structure helps to understand the dynamics and the topology of both duplexes. This study results in a proposal of a new and simple dimerization process
Collin, Delphine. "Etudes par methodes spectroscopiques de complexes d'oligonucleotides (motifs-i et interaction boucle-boucle) (doctorat : pharmacochimie)." Paris 11, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA114835.
Obertelli, Alexandre. "La fermeture de sous-couche N=16." Paris 11, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA112115.
The sequence of nuclear magic numbers may change from stability to the drip lines. New magic numbers may then appear : we studied the nuclear structure of N=16 isotones from stability to the neutron drip line where N=16 has been suggested to be magic. A systematic study of even-even N=16 nuclei has been achieved at both mean-field and configuration mixing levels using the Gogny D1S effective interaction. These methods allow to investigate single-particle and pairing properties at spherical shape and along axial and triaxial quadrupole deformations, as well as collective properties. The mean-field calculations show that a spherical subshell gap is opening at N=16. The beyond-the-mean-field calculations predict 24O and 22C neutron magic. In order to estimate the structure changes involved in this shell evolution, we performed the gamma spectroscopy of 27Ne using the one neutron transfer reaction 26Ne(d,p)27Ne in inverse kinematics at 9. 7 MeV/nucleon at GANIL. A cryogenic D2 target (17 mg. Cm^-2) was used during the experiment. The spectroscopy of 27Ne was performed by measuring in coincidence de-excitation gamma rays in EXOGAM with 27Ne ejectiles in the magnetic spectrometer VAMOS. The obtained results suggest a decrease of the negative parity state energies in odd N=17 neutron rich isotones, supporting a reduced sd-fp shell gap in the neutron rich region
Pamart, Pierre-Yves. "Contrôle des décollements en boucle fermée." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00659979.
Alacoque, L. "Boucle analogique numérique verrouillée sur l'amplitude." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00163275.
Renaud, Yoan. "Quelques aspects algorithmiques sur les systèmes de fermeture." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00731341.
Almokdad, Mohammad. "Life Cycle Assessment of Circular Economy Strategies in Sustainable Constructions : Closing, Slowing, and Narrowing Loops for Dredged Sediments Valorization and Revalorization." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023MTLD0007.
Addressing the pressing need for sustainability in light of modernization's significant impact on the environment is crucial. This issue underscores the escalating threats posed by human actions, such as climate change and pollution. In response, nations are increasingly emphasizing sustainability by placing a priority on waste reduction and the adoption of eco-friendly materials in construction and production processes. In light of these efforts, this thesis aims to explore the revalorization (2nd valorization) of dredged sediments as a road construction material, studying its technical suitability and environmental impact through Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). It also examines using sediments as supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) and compares their environmental performance to traditional materials. The study evaluates the feasibility of revalorizing dredged sediments, emphasizing a closed-loop approach for their circular use. It assesses various physical, mechanical and chemical properties of the material revalorization comparing it to raw sediments 1st valorization, and conduct a LCA and comparing sediments revalorization with different virgin aggregates types for the usage in new road construction. Additionally, the study conducts a comprehensive LCA comparing dried ground sediments (DGS) to flash-calcined sediments (FCS) as substitutes for ordinary Portland cement, considering the different quantitative and qualitative performance differences
Baïkeche, Hamid Ragot José Maquin Didier. "Diagnostic des systèmes linéaires en boucle fermée." S. l. : INPL, 2007. http://www.scd.inpl-nancy.fr/theses/2007_BAIKECHE_H.pdf.
Baïkeche, Hamid. "Diagnostic des systèmes linéaires en boucle fermée." Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00198557.
Les travaux présentés dans cette thèse se scindent en deux parties: la première porte sur l'analyse systématique de la sensibilité des différents signaux de la boucle de régulation par rapport aux défauts (paramétriques et non paramétriques). L'objectif est de sélectionner ceux qui contiennent le plus d'information sur les défauts pour être exploités par la procédure du diagnostic. La deuxième propose une méthode de détection et de localisation de défauts des systèmes linéaires en boucle fermée soumis à des défauts additifs. Le principe de la méthode consiste à découpler les défauts des sorties afin que chaque défaut affecte une seule sortie ce qui facilite leur localisation.
Baïkeche, Hamid. "Diagnostic des systèmes linéaires en boucle fermée." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007INPL078N.
In most of the works concerning system supervision, the methods developed for fault detection and isolation are synthesized from an open-loop representation of the system. But considering real industrial applications, it appears that , most of the times, the system is inserted in a control loop with output feedback. In this context, the task of diagnosis is tedious for several reasons. Firstly, the controller is designed in order to attenuate the effect of the faults, consequently their detection becomes challenging. Secondly, due to the output feedback, the system inputs are correlated with the system outputs, which can complicate the fault isolation. The works presented in the present thesis can be divided into two parts. The first one focuses on the systematic analysis of the sensitivity of the several signals of the control loop with respect to the faults (both additive and parametric faults have been considered). The sensitivity analysis is carried out to select the signal encompassing most information on fault in order to be used for fault diagnosis. In the second one, a fault detection and isolation method based on input-output decoupling is presented for closed-loop linear systems with additive faults. The point is to compute an output feedback such that each fault affects only one output, and thus ease the diagnosis
Leemann, Béatrice. "Impossibilité à la fermeture volontaire des paupières : une apraxie ? /." Genève : [s.n.], 2004. http://www.unige.ch/cyberdocuments/theses2004/LeemannB/these.pdf.
Baril, Yannick-Vincent. "Conception et modélisation d'un système de fermeture du sternum." Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2004. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/723/1/BARIL_Yannick%2DVincent.pdf.
Conti, Viviane. "Le glaucome par fermeture de l'angle et contre-indications." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P076.
Hallouin, Emmanuel. "Calcul de fermeture intégrale en dimension 1 et factorisation." Poitiers, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998POIT2349.
Baril, Yannick-Vincent. "Conception et modélisation d'un système de fermeture du sternum /." Thèse, Montréal : École de technologie supérieure, 2004. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1407513351&sid=10&Fmt=2&clientId=46962&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
"Mémoire présenté à l'École de technologie supérieure comme exigence partielle à l'obtention de la maîtrise en génie mécanique". CaQMUQET Bibliogr.: f. [187]-192. Également disponible en version électronique. CaQMUQET
Djiré, Djénéba. "Fermeture de circuits d'eau dans une usine de désencrage /." Thèse, Trois-Rivières : Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2001. http://www.uqtr.ca/biblio/notice/resume/03-2228252R.html.
Djiré, Djénéba. "Fermeture de circuits d'eau dans une usine de désencrage." Thèse, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 2001. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/3065/1/000680541.pdf.
Deidda-Fénoglio, Marie-Paule. "Fermeture d'une petite maternite : centre prenatal d'embrun ; bilan a 2 ans et resultats." Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX20242.
Dufour, Pascal. "Commande prédictive et identification optimale en boucle fermée." Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00610544.
Alshukur, Malek. "On the structure of multi-thread boucle yarn." Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/3362.
Trémauville, Yves. "L'Avifaune de la boucle de Brotonne : écologie, éthologie." Rouen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ROUES056.
Rijo, Gomes Sérgio. "Production d'hydrogène par reformage dans la boucle EGR." Poitiers, 2010. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2010/Rijo-Gomes-Sergio/2010-Rijo-Gomes-Sergio-These.pdf.
This research work is devoted to the study of catalytic reforming of exhaust gas recirculation (REGR) for gasoline engines. The aim of this technology is to improve fuel economy and to reduce pollutant emissions, keeping practically the same engine. A lot of catalysts, containing 1wt% of Rh, supported on alumina doped by ceria, Al(Cex) and/or baryum, AlBa(Cex) or on zirconia doped by rare earth oxides ZLNY(Cex), were characterized and evaluated in REGR conditions for high (580°C) and l ow (450°C) temperatures. The Rh(1wt%)/ZLNY(Cex) catalysts present the best activity and/or stability, the Rh(1wt%)/ZLNY catalyst being the most selective for hydrogen production. From the best catalytic formulation, two fundamental studies were carried out in REGR conditions in order to understand the role of the co-reactants and the surface species on the catalyst performance and deactivation, and to determine the reaction scheme for the main reactions (steam reforming, dry reforming and methane formation)
Hyon, Emmanuel. "Contrôle d'admission en boucle ouverte dans les réseaux." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPL108N.
Roberge, Stéphanie. "Impact des techniques de fermeture utérine lors de la césarienne." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26914.
Contexte: La césarienne est une procédure chirurgicale qui survient dans plus du quart des accouchements en Amérique du Nord. Les techniques chirurgicales de fermeture de l’utérus lors de la césarienne sont variées, influencent la cicatrisation et le risque de complications chez la femme à court et long terme. Il a été suggéré que la fermeture en un plan barré augmentait le risque de rupture de l’utérus et de défaut de cicatrisation de l’utérus. Cependant, en l’absence d’un haut niveau d’évidence, cette technique est toujours pratiquée au Canada et en Amérique du Nord. Objectif: Comparer l’impact des différentes techniques de fermeture de l’utérus lors de la césarienne sur les complications maternelles à court et long terme. Méthode : Trois revues systématiques et méta-analyses d’études observationnelles ou d’essais randomisés contrôlés (ECR) ont été réalisées. La prévalence des défauts de cicatrisation et les issues à court et long terme ont été comparées entre les techniques de fermeture de l’utérus. Par la suite, un essai randomisé contrôlé a évalué trois techniques de fermeture de l’utérus : un plan barré, deux plans barrés et deux plans non barrés excluant la déciduale, chez 81 femmes avec une césarienne primaire élective à ≥ 38 semaines de grossesse. L’épaisseur du myomètre résiduel a été mesurée six mois après la césarienne à l’aide d’une échographie transvaginale et comparée par un test t de Student. Résultats : Les résultats des revues systématiques et méta-analyses ont montré que 37% à 59% des femmes présentaient un défaut de cicatrisation de l’utérus après leur césarienne. Concernant les complications à court terme, les types de fermeture de l’utérus étudiés sont comparables, à l’exception de la fermeture en un plan barré qui est associée à un temps opératoire plus court que celle en deux plans (-6.1 minutes, 95% intervalle de confiance (IC) -8.7 à -3.4, p< 0.001). Les fermetures de l’utérus en un plan barré sont associées à plus de risque de rupture utérine qu’une fermeture en deux plans barrés (rapport de cote 4.96; IC 95%: 2.58–9.52, P< 0.001). L’ECR a également démontré que la fermeture de l’utérus en un plan barré était associée à une épaisseur du myomètre résiduel plus mince que la fermeture en deux plans non barrés excluant la déciduale (3.8 ± 1.6 mm vs 6.1 ± 2.2 mm; p< 0.001). Finalement, aucune différence significative n’a été détectée concernant la fréquence des points d’hémostases entre les techniques (p=1.000). Conclusion : Lors d’une césarienne élective primaire à terme, une fermeture en deux plans non barrés est associée à un myomètre plus épais qu’une fermeture en un plan barré, sans augmenter le recours à des points d’hémostase. De plus, il est suggéré que la fermeture en deux plans réduirait le risque de rupture utérine lors d’une prochaine grossesse. Finalement, la fermeture chez les femmes en travail doit être plus étudiée.
Context: Caesarean is a frequent procedure, affecting more than one pregnancy out of four in North America. Methods of uterine closure at caesarean are numerous and they influence the healing process as well as the risk of uterine rupture. It has been suggested that a locked single layer closure increases the risk of uterine rupture and uterine scar defect; however, this technique is still used and recommended in North America. Objective: The goal of this thesis is to compare the impact of uterine technique closures during caesarean on short and long terms outcomes. Method: Three systematic reviews and meta-analyses of observational and randomized controlled trials (RCT) were performed. Prevalence of uterine scar defects was measured, short and long-term outcomes were compared between techniques. Finally, a RCT was performed, comparing three techniques of uterine closure: a locked single layer, a locked double layer, and an unlocked double layer excluding the decidua, in 81 women with primary elective cesarean at ≥ 38 weeks of gestation. Residual myometrial thickness (RMT) was measured six months after the cesarean with transvaginal ultrasound and compared with a Student t-test. Results: The systematic reviews and meta-analyses demonstrated that 37% to 59% of women will have a uterine scar defect after a cesarean. At short term, all techniques were comparable, except for a shorter operative time with single layer compared to double layer closure (-6.1 minutes, 95% confidence intervals (CI) -8.7 to -3.4, p< 0.001). Locked single layer closure of the uterus was associated with greater risk of uterine rupture than double layer closure (Odd Ratio: 4.96; 95% CI 2.58–9.52, P< 0.001). The RCT demonstrated that a locked single closure of the uterus is associated with thinner RMT than an unlocked double layer closure excluding the decidua (3.8 ± 1.6 mm vs 6.1 ± 2.2 mm; p< 0.001). Finally, there was no statistical difference in the frequency of hemostasis sutures. Conclusion: In women undergoing elective primary cesarean, an unlocked double layer closure is associated with thicker myometrium compared to a locked single layer closure, without influencing the need for hemostasis sutures. Moreover, it is suggested that a double layer closure reduces the risk of uterine rupture without during next pregnancy. Finally, more studies are needed to recommend a specific technique of uterine closure for cesarean performed in women in labor.
HOECHSTETTER, ERIC. "La fermeture des pertes de substance de la paroi thoracique." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STR1M114.
Aw, Malik. "La conquête de la boucle du Niger (1894-1898)." Paris 4, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA040005.
Rambault, Laurent. "Conception d'une commande floue pour une boucle de régulation." Poitiers, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993POIT2403.
Cayol, Elodie. "Modèles et simulations numériques d'une boucle de climatisation automobile." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX11051.
Bezat, Marie-Céline. "Perception des bruits d'impactApplication au bruit de fermeture de porte automobile." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00278427.
Une expérimentation en situation réelle est d'abord réalisée pour observer qualitativement les usages et le ressenti en situation naturelle, et souligner les facteurs environnementaux influents. Elle est complétée par l'étude quantitative de l'influence des facteurs environnementaux, comme les autres bruits de porte, le geste ressenti, et l'image a priori du véhicule. Après avoir observé les liens entre perception en situation réelle et perception au laboratoire, les bruits sont finement décomposés au laboratoire en propriétés perceptives : les propriétés analytiques (obtenues par analyse sensorielle), les propriétés naturelles (liées à la perception des sources et des évènements) et les évocations. Les relations entre ces propriétés perceptives sont ensuite établies. La caractérisation acoustique du bruit est alors traitée par l'intermédiaire d'un modèle d'analyse-synthèse dont le but n'est pas de reproduire à l'identique les bruits de fermeture de porte, mais qui vise à synthétiser des sons proches des sons réels du point de vue des propriétés perceptives, à partir d'un nombre réduit de paramètres. Le modèle s'appuie sur la décomposition du son en impacts principaux, chaque impact étant modélisé par un ensemble de gains et de coefficients d'amortissement par bandes de fréquence. Il est spécifiquement calibré pour reproduire les propriétés analytiques, plus directement liées au signal acoustique. La synthèse de sons contrôlés permet d'observer les effets de paramètres acoustiques sur les propriétés perceptives, et ainsi de proposer des critères acoustiques sous-jacents. La généralisation des résultats méthodologiques et de l'outil d'analyse-synthèse proposé est discutée à travers l'étude d'un autre bruit d'impact automobile : le bruit de toqué.
Garreau, Dominique. "Les formes juridiques de fermeture des marchés professionnels de la santé." Nantes, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NANT4001.
At a time when public health is of political as well as economic and social significance, various regulations hinder the health market making it necessary to select practitioner (doctors, dentists, midwives, veterinary surgeons, chemists and medical auxiliaries). These professions, monopolized due to selection, are subject to very struct legislation and a rather authoritarian professional regulation framing their practice in terms of establishing the practitioner's business as well as banning competitive practices. Members of medical and health profession must fulfill requirements of nationality, educational qualification and registration in the medical association which has the power to reject their application. Finally,they must either assume the business costs of their practice - the law, for example, makes it compulsory for chemists to be both owner and manager - or create or buy a clientele
Glise, Bruno. "Etude du contrôle génétique de la fermeture dorsale chez Drosophila melanogaster." Toulouse 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU30166.
Leenhardt, Stéphane. "Etude par excitation coulombienne de la fermeture de couche N = 40." Paris 11, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA112054.
Two coulomb excitation experiments on neutron rich exotic nuclei have been performed at GANIL. They allowed the measurement of the reduced transition probability B(E2) (from ground state to first excited state) of some nuclei around N = 40. This number, 40, is a half-magic number in the shell model. For nuclei with an important neutron excess, it is predicted that The shell closure is stronger at N = 40. The B(E2) is a good tool for testing this growing [. . . ]
Cochet-Escartin, Olivier. "Dynamique de fermeture de blessures circulaires modèles : aspects expérimentaux et théoriques." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077059.
In this work, we report an experimental protocol to rapidly manufacture tens of model circular wounds in different epithelial tissues in a non-destructive fashion. It is then applied to various epithelial cell lines. Doing so, we reveal the central biological mechanisms in wound healing: a supracellular contractile actomyosin cable and the development of active protrusions on the free surface. We also develop a physical quantitative model of closure that relies on ail these essential ingredients along with the mechanical properties of the tissue. Finally, we compare our dynamical measurement with this model's predictions and access, in each condition, an epithelization coefficient that captures all the relevant parameters to describe wound closure and allows objectively classifying different cell types depending on their motile properties. In particular, we show that this method, both experimental and theoretical, is enough to quantify the effect of an oncogenic mutation in human cell lines
Bourgeois, Damien. "Approche de synthèse du taxol : fermeture du cycle B par métathèse." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EPXX0032.
Mich, Nguyen The. "Fermeture de poches de cavitation partielle : cinématique, pressions à la paroi." Grenoble INPG, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986INPG0103.
Nguyen, The Mich. "Fermeture de poches de cavitation partielle cinématique-pressions à la paroi." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37600046p.
Marie-Anaïs, Florence. "Mécanismes de formation et de fermeture des phagosomes dans les macrophages." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB072/document.
Phagocytosis is an important cellular mechanism. It plays a role in both the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and in the immune system. This process, performed by phagocytic cells, including dendritic cells, polymorphonuclear neutrophils or macrophages, enables daily ingestion and elimination of large particles (> 0.5 microns) e.g. bacteria, fungi or cellular debris. It is induced by many phagocytic receptors such as the receptors for crystallizable fragments of immunoglobulins (FcR) and complement receptor (CR3). These receptors induce different signaling cascades but ultimately lead to a remodelling of the actin cytoskeleton and the plasma membrane. Next there is the formation of a phagocytic cup which surrounds and encloses the ingested particle in a closed compartment called the phagosome. While many studies have dissected the phagocytic cup organization induced by the FcR, the mechanism of phagosome closure was not understood. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms involved in phagosome formation following CR3 engagement are less well described. In this work, we analyzed the role of dynamin 2, a GTPase involved in fission mechanisms of endocytosis vesicles, and in the formation and closure of phagosomes. We used an original experimental system using the total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) to show that dynamin 2 is recruited with actin during phagocytic cup formation and accumulates at the site of phagosome closure in living macrophages. The inhibition of its GTPase activity induced an inhibition of phagocytosis and a defect in actin dynamics during pseudopod extension. Surprisingly, the depolymerization of actin lead to a defective recruitment of dynamin 2 at the phagocytic site showing there is a cross-regulation between dynamin 2 and actin. Finally, this study showed that dynamin 2 plays a critical role in the scission of the phagosome. Secondly, we initiated the study of the mechanisms involved in regulating the activity of the complement receptor CR3. Enabling this phagocytic receptor, part of the integrin family, requires anchoring actin which is necessary for signaling to the actin polymerization and the formation of phagocytic cups. All these results contribute to a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in phagocytosis purposes