Relevant bibliographies by topics / Femoral implants

Academic literature on the topic 'Femoral implants'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Femoral implants"

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Pluhar, E., C. P. Skurla, E. L. Egger, S. P. James, and D. J. Frankel. "Radiographic evaluation of mechanically tested cemented total hip arthroplasty femoral components retrieved post-mortem." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 17, no. 04 (2004): 216–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1632816.

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SummaryGuidelines for assessing total hip arthroplasty (THA) radiographs for femoral implant stability have not been published; therefore, often the determination is subjective. The aim of this study was to identify radiographic criteria for veterinary clinicians to use when evaluating radiographs for femoral implant stability. Specific objectives were to: identify radiographic features associated with canine THA femoral implant loosening, evaluate whether technical recommendations for human femoral component implantation apply to dogs, and evaluate the effectiveness of radiographs for identifying canine THA implant loosening. Post-operative, follow-up, and post-mortem contact radiographs of canine implanted femora retrieved postmortem and mechanically tested for implant stability were evaluated. Based on the results, radiographic evaluation is not an effective means of assessing canine femoral implant stability; however, certain radiographic findings including implant retroversion, cement mantle cracks, or the appearance of cementmetal interface radiolucencies, may be indicative of implant loosening. It was also found that femoral implants completely surrounded by cement mantle of any thickness were less likely to loosen than those with an area lacking cement between the implant and bone. There was also a trend suggesting an association between inferior cement mantle quality and femoral implant loosening. In order to improve cement mantle quality and ensure that implants are completely surrounded by cement mantle, the use of modern cementing techniques is recommended.
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Klyuchevskiy, V. V., Sergey Il'suverovich Gil'fanov, V. V. Danilyak, M. V. Belov, M. A. Khudaybergenov, I. V. Klyuchevskiy, V. V. Klyuchevskiy, et al. "Joint Replacement in Femoral Neck Fractures." N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 16, no. 3 (September 15, 2009): 21–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto200916321-25.

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Results of joint replacement in femoral neck fractures have been analyzed. During the period from 1994 to 2003 total hip replacement was performed to 399 patients with subcapital fractures including 372 patients in whom the operation was performed as a primary intervention. From 2002 to 2004 the total number of 290 hemiarthroplasty operations with use of module native implant was performed in 286 patients aged 76-101 years. In total joint replacement group intrahospital lethality made up 2% due to the following causes: pulmonary thrombembolia - 3 cases, acute cardiac insufficiency - 1 case, deep decubitus ulcers resulting in sepsis - 2 cases, polyorganic insufficiency on the background of severe concomitant pathology - 1 case. In the early postoperative period the following complications were noted: implant dislocation (5.2% of cases), intraoperative femoral fracture (3.5%). Infectious complications developed in 2 patients and in both cases removal of the implant was required. With mean-term follow-up native implants showed mean-term survival of 92-94% in 272 patients. Mean evaluation by Harris was the following: biometric «Sinko» and «ESI» implants - 83.1 points, PF «Sinko» implants - 89.3 points, combination of «Mathys» friction pair with native femoral component - 91.2 points. «Mathys» implants showed 94.6 points. Results of ЯРТЕЗ joint replacement were evaluated during the period from 1 to 3 years in 183 patients. Intrahospital lethality made up 1.8%. Excellent and good results were achieved in 53.7% of patients. Revision was required in 1.5% of cases. As concluded total hip replacement in femoral neck fracture was the effective treatment technique. It was reasonable both cement and cementless fixation with various implants for the optimum choice of implant in every specific patient. Use of modern module implants enabled to expand the indications for application of arthroplasty in elderly patients.
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Wu, Xinlei, Ming Yang, Lijun Wu, and Wenxin Niu. "A Biomechanical Comparison of Two Intramedullary Implants for Subtrochanteric Fracture in Two Healing Stages: A Finite Element Analysis." Applied Bionics and Biomechanics 2015 (2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/475261.

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Background. The biomechanical effect of two implants, namely, proximal femoral nail antirotation for Asia (PFNA-II) and Expert Asian Femoral Nail (A2FN), for treating subtrochanteric fracture during healing stages, is still unclear.Methods. A 3D finite element model of an intact femur was constructed and validated. The fractured and postoperative models were accordingly produced. The postoperative models were loaded with the peak joint forces during gait for the soft and hard callus stages. The effects of stress distribution on the implants, femoral head and callus, and the deformation of the proximal femur were examined.Results. Both implants showed similar biomechanical effect in two healing stages. As the healing duration increased, the von Mises stress of two implants and the tensile stress of the femoral head decreased, whereas the compressive stress of the femoral head increased. However, the PFNA-II operation resulted in higher stress on the implant, lower stress on the proximal femur, and lower compressive stress and higher tensile stress on the callus than A2FN operation.Conclusions. The A2FN implant may provide a biomechanically superior construct for subtrochanteric fracture healing. However, the upper screw of the A2FN implant may be more likely to be loose in the healing process.
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Kopec, Mateusz, Adam Brodecki, Grzegorz Szczęsny, and Zbigniew L. Kowalewski. "Microstructural Analysis of Fractured Orthopedic Implants." Materials 14, no. 9 (April 25, 2021): 2209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14092209.

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In this paper, fracture behavior of four types of implants with different geometries (pure titanium locking plate, pure titanium femoral implant, Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy pelvic implant, X2CrNiMo18 14-3 steel femoral implant) was studied in detail. Each implant fractured in the human body. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to determine the potential cause of implants fracture. It was found that the implants fracture mainly occurred in consequence of mechanical overloads resulting from repetitive, prohibited excessive limb loads or singular, un-intendent, secondary injures. Among many possible loading types, the implants were subjected to an excessive fatigue loads with additional interactions caused by screws that were mounted in their threaded holes. The results of this work enable to conclude that the design of orthopedic implants is not fully sufficient to transduce mechanical loads acting over them due to an increasing weight of treated patients and much higher their physical activity.
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Suetoshi, Ryoichi, Dorian Cretin, Shinji Ogawa, and Takayoshi Nakano. "Assessment of the Elastic Properties of Human Femoral Bone with Artificial Hip Joint by Ultrasound Transmission." Key Engineering Materials 529-530 (November 2012): 321–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.529-530.321.

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Following artificial hip joint implantation, a stress inhibition, applied to bone in the surroundings of implants, causes a structural change in bone called bone loss. To evaluate the bone mechanical characteristics, it is essential to investigate the elastic properties of cortical bone. In this article a pair of donor femora was investigated, one with an implant and the other without. Differences in Speed of Sound (SOS), a parameter reflecting elastic properties, were measured in both femora by ultrasound transmission. As a result, in almost all areas, the femur that was implanted showed significantly lower cortical SOS. Our results indicated that the change in the mechanical function of bone, due to the introduction of femoral implants, could be evaluated by the measurement of SOS.
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Abdelaal, Osama, Saied Darwish, Hassan El-Hofy, and Yoshio Saito. "Patient-specific design process and evaluation of a hip prosthesis femoral stem." International Journal of Artificial Organs 42, no. 6 (December 11, 2018): 271–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0391398818815479.

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Introduction: There are several commercially available hip implant systems. However, for some cases, custom implant designed based on patient-specific anatomy can offer the patient the best available implant solution. Currently, there is a growing trend toward personalization of medical implants involving additive manufacturing into orthopedic medical implants’ manufacturing. Methods: This article introduces a systematic design methodology of femoral stem prosthesis based on patient’s computer tomography data. Finite element analysis is used to evaluate and compare the micromotion and stress distribution of the customized femoral component and a conventional stem. Results: The proposed customized femoral stem achieved close geometrical fit and fill between femoral canal and stem surfaces. The customized stem demonstrated lower micromotion (peak: 21 μm) than conventional stem (peak: 34 μm). Stress results indicate up to 89% increase in load transfer by conventional stem than custom stem because the higher stiffness of patient-specific femoral stem proximally increases the custom stem shielding in Gruen’s zone 7. Moreover, patient-specific femoral stem transfers the load widely in metaphyseal region. Conclusion: The customized femoral stem presented satisfactory results related to primary stability, but compromising proximo-medial load transfer due to increased stem cross-sectional area increased stem stiffness.
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Mihai, Simona, and Viviana Filip. "New Design Concept for Reducing Torque Wear on Implant." Applied Mechanics and Materials 658 (October 2014): 453–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.658.453.

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The hip (coxofemoral) joint is built so as to provide, at the same time, maximum stability and mobility, and is characterized by a very low wear rate and very low frictional forces thanks to the very good natural lubrication. In time, due to various reasons such as aging, joint illnesses, bone tumors, arthritis, injuries, coxofemoral joints may lose their self-lubrication ability, causing pains that make movement almost impossible. The therapeutic solution for coxofemoral joint illnesses is hip implant arthroplasty. Medical implants replacing the bone segments of coxofemoral joints are subjected to mechanical stress during walking and daily activities, which leads to wear in the long run. In the (most frequent) case of a bipolar hip implant, consisting of a femoral stem and femoral head, the area most affected by wear is the hip implant coupling, which represents the connection between the sphere-shaped proximal end of the femoral stem and the femoral head’s ball groove. Typically, the spherical proximal end of the femoral stem is made of metallic biomaterials (titanium and titanium alloys, cobalt-based alloys, stainless steels) or ceramic biomaterials (alumina, zirconia), while the femoral head’s ball groove is made of polymeric biomaterials (high-density polyethylene), metallic biomaterials or ceramic biomaterials. In the hip implant’s coupling there takes place a sliding friction whose coefficient depends on the nature of the touching surfaces (metal on metal, metal on polyethylene, ceramic on polyethylene, ceramic on ceramic). The wear that occurs in the coupling is due especially to the particles of material detached from the surfaces coming into contact. A worn coupling should be replaced by a revision surgery that the patient must go through, since loose particles generate severe joint inflammation. The objective of this paper is: -to point out the wear degree of the components forming the friction coupling of a hip implant, by presenting images, as seen on a video microscope, of two implants retrieved from patients after revision surgery -to present a new structural option for the construction of a hip implant coupling, by introducing two ball cages that replace the femoral head’s ball groove, which reduces the contact surface and replaces sliding friction with rolling friction (with a lower friction coefficient), thus diminishing the wear on the implant coupling.
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Basudan, Amani M., Marwa Y. Shaheen, Abdurahman A. Niazy, Jeroen J. J. P. van den Beucken, John A. Jansen, and Hamdan S. Alghamdi. "Effect of Osteoporosis on Well-Integrated Bone Implants." Applied Sciences 11, no. 2 (January 13, 2021): 723. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11020723.

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The installation of dental implants has become a common treatment for edentulous patients. However, concern exists about the influence of osteoporosis on the final implant success. This study evaluated whether an ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporotic condition, induced eight weeks postimplantation in a rat femoral condyle, influences the bone response to already-integrated implants. The implants were inserted in the femoral condyle of 16 female Wistar rats. Eight weeks postimplantation, rats were randomly ovariectomized (OVX) or sham-operated (SHAM). Fourteen weeks later, animals were sacrificed, and implants were used for histological and histomorphometric analyses. A significant reduction in the quantity and quality of trabecular bone around dental implants existed in OVX rats in comparison to the SHAM group. For histomorphometric analysis, the bone area (BA%) showed a significant difference between OVX (34.2 ± 4.3) and SHAM (52.6 ± 12.7) groups (p < 0.05). Bone–implant contact (BIC%) revealed significantly lower values for all implants in OVX (42.5 ± 20.4) versus SHAM (59.0 ± 19.0) rats. Therefore, induction of an osteoporotic condition eight weeks postimplantation in a rat model negatively affects the amount of bone present in close vicinity to bone implants.
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Басов, A. Basov, Шпаковский, M. Shpakovskiy, Грибанов, N. Gribanov, Ардашев, et al. "Use of the Drug "Perphtoran" and Bioactive Implants with Calcium Phosphate Coating in Surgical Treatment of Femoral Neck Fractures at the Experiment." Journal of New Medical Technologies 22, no. 3 (September 15, 2015): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/13304.

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The purpose of the study was to improve the results of surgical treatment of femoral neck fractures by in-tra-osseous injection of oxygenated perphtoran in avascular femoral head and osteosynthesis implants with bioactive calcium phosphate coating in the experiment. Investigations were carried out on 68 male rabbits. Hip fracture was formed transcervically by osteotome and crosses private ligament of the femoral head. The authors studied the dynamics of radiological and morphological parameters of reparative osteogenesis in 3 groups of animals: the 1st group with the introduction of oxygenated perftoran in an avascular femoral head without osteosynthesis of the femoral neck; the 2nd group after osteosynthesis by implants with bioactive calcium phosphate coating; the 3rd group after injection of oxygenated perftoran in an avascular femoral head with osteosynthesis implants by bioactive calcium phosphate coating. In the group without osteosynthesis process the authors revealed the development of degenerative changes with bone resorption, the expansion of the fracture line, displacement of bone fragments and the formation of non-union of the femoral neck. Osteosynthesis of femoral neck fractures with calcium phosphate bioactive implants coating contributes to fracture healing. Analysis of the results of the morphological assessment of the perftoran effect of calcium phosphate coatings on reparative osteogenesis in experimental hip fracture allows to determine the less severe exudative phase of the inflammatory response and to accelerate bone formation in the group with oxygenated perftoran and titanium implants coated with calcium phosphate. Introduction of oxygenated perftoran in an avascular femoral head at the osteosynthesis of experimental hip fractures by bioactive implants coated with calcium phosphate promotes to bone regeneration processes on the basis of radiological and morphological data. This allows to fracture healing at an earlier date by reducing inflammatory infiltration in the area of the fracture and the direct inclusion of the implant with calcium phosphate coating in the process of reparative osteogenesis.
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Cox, India, Louay Al Mouazzen, Sabri Bleibleh, Radu Moldovan, Fiona Bintcliffe, C. Edward Bache, and Simon Thomas. "Combined two-centre experience of single-entry telescopic rods identifies characteristic modes of failure." Bone & Joint Journal 102-B, no. 8 (August 2020): 1048–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/0301-620x.102b8.bjj-2020-0131.r1.

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Aims The Fassier Duval (FD) rod is a third-generation telescopic implant for children with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). Threaded fixation enables proximal insertion without opening the knee or ankle joint. We have reviewed our combined two-centre experience with this implant. Methods In total, 34 children with a mean age of five years (1 to 14) with severe OI have undergone rodding of 72 lower limb long bones (27 tibial, 45 femoral) for recurrent fractures with progressive deformity despite optimized bone health and bisphosphonate therapy. Data were collected prospectively, with 1.5 to 11 years follow-up. Results A total of 24 patients (33%) required exchange of implants (14 femora and ten tibiae) including 11 rods bending with refracture. Four (5%) required reoperation with implant retention. Loss of proximal fixation in the femur and distal fixation in the tibia were common. Four patients developed coxa vara requiring surgical correction. In total, 13 patients experienced further fractures without rod bending; eight required implant revision. There was one deep infection. The five-year survival rate, with rod revision as the endpoint, was 63% (95% confidence interval (CI) 44% to 77%) for femoral rods, with a mean age at implantation of 4.8 years (1.3 to 14.8), and 64% (95% CI 36% to 82%) for tibial rods, with a mean age at implantation of 5.2 years (2.0 to 13.8). Conclusion FD rods are easier to implant but do not improve on the revision rates reported for second generation T-piece rods. Proximal femoral fixation is problematic in younger children with a partially ossified greater trochanter. Distal tibial fixation typically fails after two years. Future generation implants should address proximal femoral and distal tibial fixation to avoid the majority of complications in this series. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2020;102-B(8):1048–1055.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Femoral implants"

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Tirunagari, Prashanthi. "Nanomechanical characterization of femoral head materials." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5906.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 30, 1981) Includes bibliographical references.
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Cook, Juliette Emma. "Fretting wear of total hip replacement femoral stems." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263286.

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Schmitz, Mark James. "Exploration of mechanical factors in the failure of femoral hip implants." Thesis, University of Bath, 2005. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.425795.

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Carli, Alberto. "FGF 18 augments bone healing & osseointegration of intra-medullary femoral implants in osteopenic bone." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=110402.

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Introduction:Internal fixation of fractures in the presence of osteopenia has been associated with a failure rate as high as 25%. Enhancing bone formation and osseointegration of orthopaedic hardware is a priority when treating patients with impaired bone regenerative capacity. Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) 18 regulates skeletal development and could therefore have applications in implant integration. This study was designed to determine if FGF 18 promotes bone formation and osseointegration in the osteopenic FGFR3-/- mouse and to examine its effect on bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).Methods: In Vivo: Intramedullary implants were fabricated from 0.4 x 10mm nylon rods coated with 300nm of titanium by physical vapour deposition. Skeletally mature, age matched female FGFR3-/- and wild type mice received bilateral intramedullary femoral implants. Left femurs received an intramedullary injection of 0.1μg of FGF 18 (courtesy Merck Serono), and right femurs received saline only. Six weeks later, femurs were harvested, radiographed, scanned by micro CT, and processed for undecalcified for histology.In Vitro: MSCs were harvested from femurs and tibiae of skeletally mature age matched FGFR3-/- and wild type mice. Cells were cultured in Alpha Modified Eagle's Medium (αMEM) to monitor proliferation or αMEM supplemented with ascorbic acid and sodium beta-glycerophosphate to monitor differentiation. Proliferation was assessed through cell counts and metabolic activity at days 3, 6 and 9. Differentiation was assessed through staining for osteoblasts and mineral deposition at days 6, 9 and 12.Results: Wild type mice exhibited more peri-implant bone formation compared to FGFR3-/- mice. Peri-implant bone formation at the proximal metaphyseal-diaphyseal junction was increased in FGF18 treated femurs compared with contralateral control femurs in wild type (p = NS) and FGFR3-/- (p = 0.04) mice. Histological analysis corroborated micro CT findings, with FGF 18 treated FGFR3-/- femurs forming peri-implant bone instead of the fibrous response seen in controls. In vitro studies showed that FGF18 significantly increased MSC proliferation and metabolism in a dose dependent manner in wild type and FGFR3-/- mice. Osteoblast differentiation was inhibited by FGF18 in wild type MSCs, while no significant effect was observed in cells harvested from FGFR3-/- mice.Conclusion: FGF 18 increases bone formation and osseointegration of intramedullary implants in osteopenic mice and increases MSC proliferation in both the presence and absence of FGFR3. FGF18 also inhibits early osteoblast differentiation in the presence of FGFR3. FGF 18 mediated MSC proliferation and osteogenesis is likely due to signalling through an alternate FGFR, likely FGFR1 or 2. Additional work is needed to confirm the identity of the alternate FGFR and to evaluate its capacity to improve osseous healing in unfavourable in-vivo environments.
Introduction: La fixation interne de fractures dans la présence de l'ostéopénie a été associée à un taux d'échec aussi élevé que 25%. Amélioration de la formation osseuse et l'ostéo-intégration de matériel orthopédique est une priorité pour le traitement de patients. Facteur de croissance des fibroblastes (FGF) 18 régit le développement squelettique et pourrait donc avoir des applications dans intégration de l'implant. Cette étude a été conçue pour déterminer si le FGF 18 favorise la formation osseuse et l'ostéo-intégration dans le ostéopénique FGFR3-/- souris et d'examiner son effet sur la moelle osseuse provenant de cellules souches mésenchymateuses (CSM).Méthodes: Implants intramédullaires ont été fabriqués à partir de tiges de nylon 10mm x 0,4 revêtus de 300nm de titane par dépôt de vapeur physique. Les souris de type FGFR3-/- et souris de type sauvage a reçu des implants intramédullaires au femurs. Les fémurs gauche ont reçu une injection intra-médullaire de 0.1μg de FGF 18 (Merck Serono), et les fémurs droit ont reçu une solution saline seule. Après six semaines, les fémurs ont été récoltés, analysé par les micro CT, et préparé pour l'histologie. Les CSM ont été récoltées à partir de fémurs et les tibias de souris de type FGFR3-/ - et de type sauvage. Les cellules ont été cultivées dans 'Alpha Modified Eagle's Medium' (aMEM) pour surveiller la proliferation, ou cultivées dans un milieu 'aMEM' complété avec de l'acide ascorbique et de sodium bêta-glycérophosphate pour surveiller la différenciation. La prolifération a été évaluée par dénombrement des cellules et l'activité métabolique aux jours 3, 6 et 9. Différenciation a été évaluée par coloration pour les ostéoblastes et les dépôts minéraux aux jours 6, 9 et 12.Résultats: Les souris de type sauvage ont produit plus d'os péri-implantaire par rapport à FGFR3-/ - souris. La formation osseuse péri-implantaire à la jonction proximale métaphysodiaphysaire a été augmenté en fémurs traités avec FGF18 par rapport aux fémurs de contrôle controlatéraux dans de type sauvage (p > 0.05) et FGFR3-/ - (p = 0.04). L'analyse histologique a corroboré les conclusions micro CT. Les femurs FGFR3-/ - qui ont recus FGF 18 traités fémurs ont formé l'os autour de l'implant au lieu de la réponse fibreuse vu dans les contrôles. Des études in vitro ont montré que la proliferation du MSC ont été augmenté avec FGF18 d'une manière dose-dépendante pour les type sauvage et les type FGFR3-/ -. La différenciation des ostéoblastes a été inhibée par FGF18 pour les CSM du type sauvage. Aucun effet significatif sur la différenciation a été observé dans les cellules récoltées à partir de souris FGFR3-/ -.Conclusion: FGF 18 augmente la formation osseuse et l'ostéo-intégration des implants intramédullaires chez la souris ostéopéniques. FGF 18 augmente la prolifération des CSM à la présence et l'absence de FGFR3. FGF18 inhibe également la différenciation ostéoblastique a la présence de FGFR3. Les effets de FGF 18 sur le prolifération des CSM et l'ostéogenèse est probablement dû à la signalisation grâce à un FGFR alternative, probablement FGFR1 ou 2. Des travaux in vivo supplémentaires sont nécessaires pour confirmer l'identité de l'autre FGFR et d'évaluer sa capacité à améliorer la cicatrisation de l'os en environnements défavorable
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Feldt, Christian E. "Stress shielding minimized in femoral hip implants a finite element model optimized by virtual compatibility." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2011. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4892.

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Bone mechanics and traditional implant materials produce a recurring problem for patients of total hip arthroplasty (THA): the bone is "shielded" from the loading it has become accustomed to over many years of development. Bone adheres to what is called "Wolff's Law", meaning it is an adaptive structure which adjusts its geometry based on the loads experienced over its life (Pearson; Goldstein). As the new femoral hip implant transmits reduced stresses to the remaining bone, bone tissue atrophies at the interface, permitting loosening of the implant, pain, and thereby obliging additional surgery to correct the issue (Meade). In the present work, a methodology is endeavored for creating an innovative design for femoral hip implants. The approach uncouples the finite element implant model from the bone model, in order to focus solely on expected behavior within the implant while considering the varying material behavior in unique directions and locations. The implant's internal geometry is optimized in order to better match typical, intact bone conditions. The eventual design reduces extreme changes in stresses within remnant bone such that the implant will remain implanted for greater periods of time without additional surgical attention.
ID: 030423147; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2011.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 86-91).
Ph.D.
Doctorate
Mechanical, Materials, and Aerospace Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
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Arsiwala, Ali, and Vatsal Shukla. "FE Modelling Of Two Femur Fixation Implants." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Mekanik och hållfasthetslära, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-180127.

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In the pool of women over the age of 50, the likeliness of an atypical fracture increase drastically, partly due to osteoporosis. With a pre-existing implant in the femur bone, inserted due to a prior atypical fracture, treating a later femoral neck fracture is complex and risky. Currently, a fractured femoral diaphysis is treated using an intermedullary nail which is fixed to the femur bone either through the femoral neck (Recon locking method)or through the lesser trochanter (Antegrade locking method). In a study conducted by Bögl et.al. JBJS102.17 (2020), pp. 1486-1494, it is found that the fixation of the intermedullary nail through the femoral neck reduces the risk of future femoral neck fractures. The study also states that more than 50% of the patients with atypical femoral fractures related to bisphosphonate treatment for osteoporosis (within the study sub population) were treated with the Antegrade locking implant. There does not exist much literature that reasons as to how one locking method is showing lesser risk of re-operation as compared to the other. The purpose of this study is to look into the effects these two implants have on the femur bone using the Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The study presented is aimed at comparing the results of the finite element analysis for the Recon implant model (Recon model) and Antegrade implant model (Antegrade model). The femur model without the implants (native bone model) is used to verify material behavior, while the other two are used for the comparison to study the stress-strain distribution, primarily in the neck region. This is a patient specific study, hence the femur bone model is generated using patient Computed Tomography (CT) scans. The bone model was assigned a heterogeneous isotropic material property derived from patient CT data. The finite element (FE) model of the bone was meshed using Hypermesh. The peak loading condition including the muscle forces were applied on the native bone model along with the Recon and the Antegrademodel. While the loading conditions during normal walking cycle were only applied to theRecon and the Antegrade model to compare the impacts of the two implant types. Both loading conditions were simulated by fixing the distal condyle region of the bone. The analysis results show that the Antegrade implant experiences much higher stresses and strains in the neck region as compared to Recon implant. Also, the presence of the intermedullary nail through the femur diaphysis helps to distribute the stresses and strains in the anterior distal diaphysis region of the bone. For the case of no implants, the model showed strains and stresses in the lateral distal region of femoral diaphysis.
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Wang, Allan W. "Femoral bone remodelling following cemented hip arthroplasty in a sheep model /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw2462.pdf.

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Khaw, Fu-Meng. "Osseointegration of hydroxyapatite coated femoral prostheses : a clinicopathological and biomechanical study of human autopsy retrieved implants." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289162.

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Brumby, Scott Andrew. "The effect of surface roughness and a collar on fixation of cemented femoral stems in vivo /." Title page, table of contents and summary only, 1996. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb8934.pdf.

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Shultz, Travis R. "The effects of cortical bone viscoelasticity on the fixation/stability of cemented and cementless femoral implants a finite element analysis /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2550.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2002.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 79 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 71-79).
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Books on the topic "Femoral implants"

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Rossi, Shawn L. Prevention of infection in femoral implants: Development and evaluation of antibiotic-loaded biomaterials. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, School of Graduate Studies, 2004.

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Cheung, Gee Hoong. Finite element analysis of an implanted femoral retrograde intramedullary nail. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 2003.

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(Matthias), Rapp M., and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. The Double Dynamic Martin Screw (DMS): Adjustable Implant System for Proximal and Distal Femur Fractures. Heidelberg: Steinkopff, 2008.

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Donaldson, James, and Richard Carrington. The complex primary total hip replacement. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550647.003.007008.

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♦ Hip Dysplasia• Despite screening programs, a large number of patients are affected by dysplastic hips and their sequelae• An understanding of anatomical abnormalities is crucial• Appropriate techniques and implants make arthroplasty feasible• Complications are significantly higher than standard primary hip replacements♦ Protrusio Acetabuli• Technical difficulties include inadequate medial wall and restoring offset, hip centre and leg lengths• Neck may need to be cut in-situ; bone graft is usually necessary and ideally should be taken from the femoral head• Antiprotrusio cages or custom implants may be needed in cases with excessive bone loss♦ Arthrodesed hip to total hip replacement• Careful evaluation of the gluteal muscles is mandatory and predicts final walking ability and patient satisfaction• Long-term effectiveness of total hip replacement in ankylosed hips is satisfactory but there is a higher complication rate
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(Introduction), E. W. Morscher, ed. Revision of loose femoral prostheses with a stem system based on the "press-fit" principle: A concept and its system of implants, a method and its results. Springer, 2007.

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Béguec, Pierre Le, and Hans-Peter Sieber. Revision of loose femoral prostheses with a stem system based on the "press-fit" principle: A concept and its system of implants, a method and its results. Springer, 2007.

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Singh, Parminder J., and Richard E. Field. Implant choice for primary total hip arthroplasty. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550647.003.00705.

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Haddad, F. S., and F. Rayan. Management of total hip replacement periprosthetic fractures. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550647.003.007012.

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♦ Periprosthetic fractures: intraoperative or postoperative femoral or acetabular fractures♦ Third commonest reason for reoperation after THA♦ Vancouver classification Type A, B, and C♦ Three most important factors that determine treatment are:• Site of the fracture• Stability of the implant• Quality of the surrounding bone stock.
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Book chapters on the topic "Femoral implants"

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Le Béguec, Pierre, François Canovas, Olivier Roche, Mathias Goldschild, and Julien Batard. "The Press-Fit Concept: Implants and Instruments." In Uncemented Femoral Stems for Revision Surgery, 15–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03614-4_4.

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Epinette, Jean-Alain. "A Radiographic Study of Noncemented Femoral Implants." In Arthroplasty 2000, 19–31. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68427-5_3.

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Falez, F., G. Panegrossi, F. Casella, and F. Favetti. "Neck-Preserving Implants in the Treatment of Femoral Head Avascular Necrosis." In Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head: Current Trends, 107–16. Milano: Springer Milan, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2119-8_10.

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Phillips, Jonathan, David D. Spence, and Derek M. Kelly. "Treatment of Pediatric Diaphyseal Femoral Fractures with Locked Intramedullary Implants." In Pediatric Femur Fractures, 167–81. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7986-5_11.

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Seibold, Matthias, Armando Hoch, Daniel Suter, Mazda Farshad, Patrick O. Zingg, Nassir Navab, and Philipp Fürnstahl. "Acoustic-Based Spatio-Temporal Learning for Press-Fit Evaluation of Femoral Stem Implants." In Medical Image Computing and Computer Assisted Intervention – MICCAI 2021, 447–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87202-1_43.

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Noetscher, Gregory, Peter Serano, Ara Nazarian, and Sergey Makarov. "Computational Tool Comprising Visible Human Project® Based Anatomical Female CAD Model and Ansys HFSS/Mechanical® FEM Software for Temperature Rise Prediction Near an Orthopedic Femoral Nail Implant During a 1.5 T MRI Scan." In Brain and Human Body Modelling 2021, 133–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15451-5_9.

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AbstractThis medical device development tool (MDDT) is categorized as a non-clinical assessment model (NAM). This MDDT is a computational modeling and simulation tool. It can predict heating of metallic orthopedic implants with the radio frequency (RF) electromagnetic fields in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) coils while targeting a mid-aged and elderly female population primarily affected by osteoporosis and the associated bone fracture.This MDDT uses a high resolution anatomical female CAD (computer aided design) model coupled with the proven multiphysics finite element method (FEM) software (Ansys Workbench) to simulate the complete MRI environment. The environment is consisting of a tuned MRI coil with the given output power, detailed heterogeneous human model within the coil at the given landmark and a properly embedded metallic implant within the anatomical model to compute the extent of heating generated around the implant.Specifically, this MDDT is the in silico analog of an MRI scan for an elderly female subject with a metallic orthopedic implant at 1.5 T in a full-body birdcage RF coil.
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Souffrant, R., M. Ellenrieder, D. Kluess, W. Mittelmeier, and R. Bader. "Influence of the Fixation Length on Micromotion and Migration of Femoral Hip Revision Implants: An Experimental Study." In IFMBE Proceedings, 804–6. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14515-5_204.

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Fink, Bernd. "Choice of the Implant Depending on the Type of Defect." In Femoral Revision Arthroplasty, 113–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84821-7_10.

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Gross, A. E. "Banked Allograft Bone for Proximal Femoral Deficiency." In Bone Implant Grafting, 73–75. London: Springer London, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1934-0_11.

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Paprosky, W. G. "The Use of Femoral Strut Grafts in Cementless Revision Arthroplasty." In Bone Implant Grafting, 91–100. London: Springer London, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-1934-0_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Femoral implants"

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Hanks, Bradley, Shantanab Dinda, and Sanjay Joshi. "Redesign of the Femoral Stem for a Total Hip Arthroplasty for Additive Manufacturing." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85850.

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Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is an increasingly common procedure that replaces all or part of the hip joint. The average age of patients is decreasing, which in turn increases the need for more durable implants. Revisions in hip implants are frequently caused by three primary issues: femoral loading, poor fixation, and stress shielding. First, as the age of hip implant patients decreases, the hip implants are seeing increased loading, beyond what they were traditionally designed for. Second, traditional implants may have roughened surfaces but are not fully porous which would allow bone to grow in and through the implant. Third, traditional implants are too stiff, causing more load to be carried by the implant and shielding the bone from stress. Ultimately this stress shielding leads to bone resorption and implant loosening. Additive manufacturing (AM) presents a unique opportunity for enhanced performance by allowing for personalized medicine and increased functionality through geometrically complex parts. Much research has been devoted to how AM can be used to improve surgical implants through lattice structures. To date, the authors have found no studies that have performed a complete 3D lattice structure optimization in patient specific anatomy. This paper discusses the general design of an AM hip implant that is personalized for patient specific anatomy and proposes a workflow for optimizing a lattice structure within the implant. Using this design workflow, several lattice structured AM hip implants of various unit cell types are optimized. A solid hip implant is compared against the optimized hip implants. It appears the AM hip implant with a tetra lattice outperforms the other implant by reducing stiffness and allowing for greater bone ingrowth. Ultimately it was found that AM software still has many limitations associated with attempting complex optimizations with multiple materials in patient specific anatomy. Though software limitations prevented a full 3D optimization in patient specific anatomy, the challenges associated such an approach and limitations of the current software are discussed.
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2

Wanki, Godlove, Stephen Ekwaro-Osire, João Paulo Dias, and Americo Cunha. "Risk-Based Analysis of Femoral Stem Considering Uncertainty in its Design Parameters." In 2019 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2019-3319.

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The number of young people getting total hip arthroplasty surgery is on the rise and studies have shown that the average number of perfect health years after such surgery is being reduced to about 9 years; this is because of complications which can lead to the failure of such implants. Consequently, such failures cause the implant not to last as long as required. The uncertainty in design parameters, loading, and even the manufacturing process of femoral stems, makes it important to consider uncertainty quantification and probabilistic modeling approaches instead of the traditional deterministic approach when designing femoral stems. This paper proposes a probabilistic analysis method which considers uncertainties in the design parameters of femoral implants to determine its effect on the implant stiffness. Accordingly, this method can be used to improve the design reliability of femoral stems. A simplified finite element model of a femoral stem was considered and analyzed both deterministically and probabilistically using Monte Carlo simulation. The results showed that uncertainties in design parameters can significantly affect the resulting stiffness of the stem. This paper proposes an approach that can be considered a potential solution for improving, in general, the reliability of hip implants and the predicted stiffness values for the femoral stems so as to better mitigate the stress shielding phenomenon.
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Gruen, Thomas A., Darryl Shockley, and Timothy L. Norman. "The Effect of Cement Thickness & Surface Roughness on the Strength of the Metal-Cement Interface." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0169.

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Abstract Acrylic bone cement is commonly used to affix metallic femoral hip implants within the proximal femur during hip arthroplasty. Previous studies indicate that the expected life of a cemented implant may depend on the integrity of the metal-cement interface and that the interface strength can be influenced by many factors such as variable cement technique, surface roughness of the metal implant, or using pre-coated implants. To this date, there is no study, as far as is known, on the effect of cement thickness on the integrity of the metal-cement interface. The purpose of this study was to determine whether different cement mantle thickness affected the mechanical integrity of the metal-cement interface. Two different surface roughness of commercially manufactured Co-Cr cylindrical implants were cemented into plastic cylindrical molds simulating the femoral intramedullary cavity. Post-cured specimens were evaluated under four test conditions including 24-hours stored dry at room temperature (rt), 3-months dry (rt) storage, and 3-months immersion in physiological saline solution (rt) or at body temperature (bt). Parametric analysis of the metal-cement interface, measured with the push-out test method, indicated that all grit-blasted implants regardless of cement thickness and test conditions had mean interface strength values of approximately 5 MPa. With the polished implants and thick cement mantle (i.e. 6.3 mm) the mean interface strength was an order of magnitude lower, i.e. ≈ 0.5 MPa, and was significantly reduced after 30 days of immersion. For the polished implants with thin cement mantle (i.e. 2.4 mm) the mean interface strength values were approximately 0.1 MPa for all test conditions. In summary, in this study the metal-cement interface bond was maintained with grit-blasted surfaced implants under the different test conditions; however, debonding of polished surfaced implants with thick cement mantle was sensitive to test conditions and that debonding was readily obtained with the thin cement mantle. It is concluded that thin cement mantles around metallic femoral stems may result in earlier debonding at the metal-cement interface thereby increasing the risk of early failure of a cemented implant system with cylindrical stems.
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Lundberg, Hannah J., Kristofer J. Stewart, and Thomas D. Brown. "Sites of Kinetically Critical Femoral Head Roughening for Third Body Acceleration of Total Hip Implant Wear." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60722.

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Polyethylene debris shed during the use of total hip implants can result in debris-induced aseptic loosening. This aseptic loosening is the leading cause of implant failure. Total hip implant wear is highly variable and can be accelerated by third body ingress and subsequent roughening of the metal femoral head counterface. Up to 40% of clinical wear rate variance may be attributable to third body effects [1]. It is hypothesized that the location of counterface roughening will have dramatic effects on the induced implant wear. Using a previously validated sliding-distance-coupled contact finite element (FE) model of total hip implant wear [2], we identified regions of the femoral head surface that, when roughened, result in maximal wear. By implication, these are the sites most important to protect from third body access.
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Arnone, Joshua C., Carol V. Ward, Gregory J. Della Rocca, Brett D. Crist, and A. Sherif El-Gizawy. "Simulation-Based Design of Orthopedic Trauma Implants." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-40936.

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A computer-aided simulation model is developed to aid in the design and optimization of orthopaedic trauma implants. The developed model uses digital imaging, computer-aided solid modeling, and finite element methods in order to study the effects of various geometric parameters of fixation devices in orthopedic surgery practice. The results of the present simulation model would lead to the determination of the optimum implant design that provides the best match with the geometry of the human femur — reducing the risk of over-stressing bone tissue during implant insertion. The effectiveness of the presented simulation model is demonstrated through the design of intramedullary (IM) nails used in treating femoral shaft fractures. CT scans were taken of forty intact human femora. A technique was developed in order to digitally reconstruct the scans into 3D solid models using image segmentation, surface simplification, and smoothing methods while maintaining accurate representation of the original scans. Each resulting surface model is characterized by a network of nearly equilateral triangles of approximately the same size allowing for quality finite element meshing. Femoral lengths, curvature, shaft diameters, and location of maximum curvature were then quantified. An average geometric model was then generated for the investigated sample by averaging corresponding nodal coordinates in each femur model. Using the average model, a length-standardized function representing the curvature of the medullary canal was derived to create a geometrically optimized IM nail for the entire sample. “Virtual surgery” simulating the insertion process was then performed using finite element methods in order to validate the proposed optimal IM nail design. The results of both the optimum nail and a current nail were compared using the femur having the highest curvature in the sample. The present study shows that the developed simulation model leads to a nail design that reduces the insertion-induced stress within the femur to an acceptable level compared to current nails.
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Duong, CongTruyen, Jae-Hoon Lee, SangSoo Lee, and Seonghun Park. "Effect of Albumin Concentrations on Frictional Coefficients of Cobalt-Chromium Femoral Head From Atomic Force Microscopy." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19065.

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Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) has been widely used to measure frictional properties of diverse materials at the microscopic level [1, 2]. Furthermore, there has been the general agreement that albumin plays an important role as an effective lubricant in the frictional behavior of hip implant materials. Through hip simulator, it has been reported that either boundary or mixed lubrication occurs when bovine serum albumin was used as a lubricant [3, 4]. When lubricants contained proteins of albumin or globulin, the frictional properties of the rubbing surfaces were affected by the adsorption of these constituents on the bearing surfaces of the prostheses [4]. Through macroscopic pin-on-disk measurements, another study in the literature has reported the importance of albumin as an effective lubricant for reducing friction and wear of hip implant materials [5]. Although microscopic AFM measurements are very effective for exploring boundary lubrication of diverse lubricants on joint implants, because the frictional coefficients of bearing surfaces in the joint implants can be measured without being affected by the surface roughness of bearing materials, the effect of boundary lubrications of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on hip implant materials has not been well identified. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to investigate the role of BSA as a boundary lubricant in the lubrication of cobalt-chromium (CoCr) femoral head ten years after total hip arthroplasty (THA) by measuring its frictional coefficients with AFM techniques.
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Williams, John L. "Polycentric Versus Single Axis Sagittal Femoral Geometry and Paradoxical Anterior Translation in Total Knee Implants." In ASME 2009 4th Frontiers in Biomedical Devices Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/biomed2009-83011.

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Paradoxical anterior translation of the femur (undesirable anterior motion of the femoral side of the knee relative to the tibia) has been observed in patients with posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) retaining total knee devices in which the ACL is absent. Simulations of a double leg squat of several total knee implant designs were compared using measurements of tibio-femoral ‘contact positions’ similar to those published in fluoroscopic studies. The objective of the study was to examine if a femoral design with a single axis (single radius) of curvature in the para-sagittal plane undergoes paradoxical anterior translation in the same way as femoral designs with polycentric (multi-radius) geometry.
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Chu, Taiming, and Deanna Y. Carstarphen. "Investigation of Performance of a Femoral Implant With a Plug Using Finite Element Analysis." In ASME 1999 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1999-0417.

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Abstract A Finite Element Analysis was performed on the critical section of a titanium alloy femoral implant coupled with a cobalt-chromium Dall-Miles Cable Grip System (DMCGS). The critical section of the implant is defined at the hole where the wires of the DMCGS are threaded. Two models were generated for the analysis. The first model consisted of the critical section with a cobalt-chromium plug filled in at the hole. The second model consisted of the critical section without the plug in the hole. The models used in the study were based on a design developed by Howmedica Incorporated (called the “head-neck replacement”). One static simulation was performed on each model. This simulation represented the early stance phase of normal walking. The wires used in the simulations were pre-tensioned. The preliminary results of the analysis showed that the stresses in the model with the added plug were lower than those in the model without the plug. This indicated that a plug added to a femoral implant adjoined with the Dall-Miles Cable Grip System reduces the stress concentrations at the hole. Furthermore, the results of the study will provide insight into the modifications on design of femoral implants. This may well lead to an improvement in implant performance and better aid in the restoration of hip function for arthritic patients.
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Arno, Sally, Neal Kinariwala, Richelle Takemoto, Daniel Hennessy, Nguyen Q. Nguyen, Keith Chan, Joseph Fetto, and Peter S. Walker. "Stress Evaluation of a Short, Medium and Long Stem Proximal Fill Femoral Implants." In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-204081.

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The femoral stem of a traditional total hip arthroplasty is believed to be essential for fixation and stability. Stems achieve early stability in a non-physiological fashion by a combination of friction and circumferential displacement of bone, similar to that of a nail being impacted into a piece of wood. In contrast, the “Revelation” femoral prosthesis, produced by DJO Surgical Corporation, relies upon a proximal lateral expansion (“Lateral Flare” design concept) to achieve stability.
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DiFilippo, Vincent, Anil Saigal, and Barry M. Zide. "Gas Cluster Ion Beam Polishing of Orthopedic Implants." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-33000.

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One of the major causes of failure of orthopedic implants used in hip replacement surgery is the generation of excessive wear particles. These wear particles accumulate in the joint and initiate an autoimmune reaction which can weaken the bone-implant joint, leading to failure and revision surgery. The relatively poor implant surface finish created by current mechanical polishing techniques has been identified as a major cause of wear particle generation. Gas cluster ion beams (GCIB) have been successfully used to reduce the surface roughness of orthopedic implants. In GCIB, a high-pressure gas, such as argon, is supersonically expanded through a nozzle into vacuum. This adiabatic expansion results in the condensation of clusters consisting of tens to thousands of gas atoms weakly held together by Van der Waals forces. These clusters are then ionized and accelerated towards the target substrate. Upon impact, they create a strong lateral sputtering effect resulting in a net smoothing of the surface. Lapped flat coupons and production femoral balls made of ASTM 1537 cobalt-28 chromium-6 molybdenum surgical implant alloy were processed by GCIB utilizing gas clusters of argon and oxygen. Surface morphology was characterized before and after processing by atomic force microscopy and white light optical profilometry. As shown in Figure 1 GCIB processing was able to successfully remove asperities and create a tribologically improved surface on both flat test coupons and on production components.
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