Relevant bibliographies by topics / Female distance runners

Academic literature on the topic 'Female distance runners'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Female distance runners"

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Rauh, Mitchell J., Adam S. Tenforde, Michelle T. Barrack, Michael D. Rosenthal, and Jeanne F. Nichols. "Sport Specialization and Low Bone Mineral Density in Female High School Distance Runners." Journal of Athletic Training 55, no. 12 (November 11, 2020): 1239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-0547.19.

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Context Sport specialization may contribute to sport injury and menstrual dysfunction in female high school distance runners. Despite the recent growth in sport specialization, including among high school–aged runners, the association of sport specialization with bone mineral density (BMD) remains poorly described. Objective To evaluate whether sport specialization was associated with BMD in female high school distance runners. Design Cross-sectional study. Setting Six high schools. Patients or Other Participants Sixty-four female runners (age = 15.6 ± 1.4 years) who competed in cross-country or track distance events and were not currently on birth control medication. Main Outcome Measure(s) Each runner completed a survey on menstrual history and sport participation. Height and weight were measured, and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry was used to measure whole-body, spine, and hip BMD. Each runner was assigned a sport specialization status: low (participation in ≥1 nonrunning sport and distance-running sport(s) for ≤8 mo/y); moderate (participation in both distance-running sport(s) ≥9 mo/y and ≥1 nonrunning sport(s) or limited to distance-running sport(s) for ≤8 mo/y); or high (participation only in distance-running sport(s) for ≥9 mo/y). Multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine the adjusted odds ratio and 95% confidence interval for sport specialization to BMD values, adjusting for body mass index and gynecological age. Results Overall, 21.9%, 37.5%, and 40.6% of participants were high, moderate, or low sport specializers, respectively. Low BMD (spine or whole-body BMD z score < −1.0 [standardized by age and sex normative values]) was present in 23 (35.9%) runners. Compared with low sport specializers, high sport specializers were 5 times more likely (adjusted odds ratio = 5.42, 95% confidence interval = 1.3, 23.3; P = .02) to have low BMD. Conclusions A high level of sport specialization in high school female distance runners may be associated with a heightened risk for low BMD. Further investigation of this association is warranted due to the health concerns about low BMD in adolescent female runners.
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Johnson, Ronald E., Timothy J. Quinn, Robert Kertzer, and Neil B. Vroman. "Strength Training in Female Distance Runners." Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 11, no. 4 (November 1997): 224–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1519/00124278-199711000-00004.

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Beidleman, B. A., J. L. Puhl, and M. J. De Souza. "Energy balance in female distance runners." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 61, no. 2 (February 1, 1995): 303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/61.2.303.

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Motevalli, Mohamad, Karl-Heinz Wagner, Claus Leitzmann, Derrick Tanous, Gerold Wirnitzer, Beat Knechtle, and Katharina Wirnitzer. "Female Endurance Runners Have a Healthier Diet than Males—Results from the NURMI Study (Step 2)." Nutrients 14, no. 13 (June 22, 2022): 2590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14132590.

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Sex has been recognized to be an important indicator of physiological, psychological, and nutritional characteristics among endurance athletes. However, there are limited data addressing sex-based differences in dietary behaviors of distance runners. The aim of the present study is to explore the sex-specific differences in dietary intake of female and male distance runners competing at >10-km distances. From the initial number of 317 participants, 211 endurance runners (121 females and 90 males) were selected as the final sample after a multi-level data clearance. Participants were classified to race distance (10-km, half-marathon, marathon/ultra-marathon) and type of diet (omnivorous, vegetarian, vegan) subgroups. An online survey was conducted to collect data on sociodemographic information and dietary intake (using a comprehensive food frequency questionnaire with 53 food groups categorized in 14 basic and three umbrella food clusters). Compared to male runners, female runners had a significantly greater intake in four food clusters, including “beans and seeds”, “fruit and vegetables”, “dairy alternatives”, and “water”. Males reported higher intakes of seven food clusters, including “meat”, “fish”, “eggs”, “oils”, “grains”, “alcohol”, and “processed foods”. Generally, it can be suggested that female runners have a tendency to consume healthier foods than males. The predominance of females with healthy dietary behavior can be potentially linked to the well-known differences between females and males in health attitudes and lifestyle patterns.
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Cunningham, Lee N. "Physiologic Comparison of Adolescent Female and Male Cross-Country Runners." Pediatric Exercise Science 2, no. 4 (November 1990): 313–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/pes.2.4.313.

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To compare the physiologic differences between adolescent male and female cross-country runners, 12 male and 12 female high school nonelite distance runners who had competed successfully at the All State 5-km championship cross-country meet were tested in the laboratory. Data were analyzed in relation to maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), ventilatory threshold (VT), and running economy (RE). Male runners were taller, heavier, had less body fat, and ran faster by 2 minutes and 18 seconds than female runners. Running economy was similar between gender. VO2 at a 215 m•min−1 pace was 46.7 ml•kg−1•min−1 for male runners and 47.8 ml•kg−1•min−1 for female runners. At the VT, males demonstrated a higher VO2 and treadmill velocity than females. Heart rate, percent HR max, and percent VO2 max at the VT were not different between gender. Males demonstrated a higher VO2 max of 74.6 versus 66.1 ml•kg−1•min−1 than female runners. The fractional utilization of VO2 at race pace was not different between males (90%) and females (91%). In conclusion, the primary physiologic determinant for performance differences between nonelite, competitive male and female adolescent distance runners is associated with VO2 max.
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Wirnitzer, Katharina, Mohamad Motevalli, Derrick R. Tanous, Martina Gregori, Gerold Wirnitzer, Claus Leitzmann, Thomas Rosemann, and Beat Knechtle. "Sex Differences in Supplement Intake in Recreational Endurance Runners—Results from the NURMI Study (Step 2)." Nutrients 13, no. 8 (August 13, 2021): 2776. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13082776.

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It has been well-documented that female and male athletes differ in many physiological and psychological characteristics related to endurance performance. This sex-based difference appears to be associated with their nutritional demands including the patterns of supplement intake. However, there is a paucity of research addressing the sex differences in supplement intake amongst distance runners. The present study aimed to investigate and compare supplement intake between female and male distance runners (10 km, half-marathon, (ultra-)marathon) and the potential associations with diet type and race distance. A total of 317 runners participated in an online survey, and 220 distance runners (127 females and 93 males) made up the final sample after a multi-stage data clearance. Participants were also assigned to dietary (omnivorous, vegetarian, vegan) and race distance (10-km, half-marathon, marathon/ultra-marathon) subgroups. Sociodemographic characteristics and the patterns of supplement intake including type, frequency, dosage, and brands were collected using a questionnaire. One-way ANOVA and logistic regression were used for data analysis. A total of 54.3% of female runners and 47.3% male runners reported consuming supplements regularly. The frequency of supplement intake was similar between females and males (generally or across dietary and distance subgroups). There was no significant relationship for sex alone or sex interactions with diet type and race distance on supplement intake (p < 0.05). However, a non-significant higher intake of vitamin and mineral (but not CHO/protein) supplements was reported by vegan and vegetarian (but not by omnivorous) females compared to their male counterparts. In summary, despite the reported findings, sex could not be considered as a strong modulator of supplement intake among different groups of endurance runners.
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Beidleman, B. A., J. L. Puhl, and M. J. De Souza. "230 ENERGY BALANCE IN FEMALE DISTANCE RUNNERS." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 25, Supplement (May 1993): S42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/00005768-199305001-00232.

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Graves, J., M. Pollock, and P. Sparling. "Body Composition of Elite Female Distance Runners*." International Journal of Sports Medicine 08, S 2 (November 1987): S96—S102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1025713.

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Williams, K., P. Cavanagh, and J. Ziff. "Biomechanical Studies of Elite Female Distance Runners*." International Journal of Sports Medicine 08, S 2 (November 1987): S107—S118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1025715.

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Smyth, Barry. "How recreational marathon runners hit the wall: A large-scale data analysis of late-race pacing collapse in the marathon." PLOS ONE 16, no. 5 (May 19, 2021): e0251513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0251513.

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Introduction In the marathon, how runners pace and fuel their race can have a major impact on race outcome. The phenomenon known as hitting the wall (HTW) refers to the iconic hazard of the marathon distance, in which runners experience a significant slowing of pace late in the race, typically after the 20-mile mark, and usually because of a depletion of the body’s energy stores. Aim This work investigates the occurrence of significant late-race slowing among recreational marathoners, as a proxy for runners hitting the wall, to better understand the likelihood and nature of such slowdowns, and their effect on race performance. Methods Using pacing data from more than 4 million race records, we develop a pacing-based definition of hitting the wall, by identifying runners who experience a sustained period of slowing during the latter stages of the marathon. We calculate the cost of these slowdowns relative to estimates of the recent personal-best times of runners and compare slowdowns according to runner sex, age, and ability. Results We find male runners more likely to slow significantly (hit the wall) than female runners; 28% of male runners hit the wall compared with 17% of female runners, χ2(1, N = 1, 928, 813) = 27, 693.35, p < 0.01, OR = 1.43. Such slowdowns are more frequent in the 3 years immediately before and after a recent personal-best (PB) time; for example, 36% of all runners hit the wall in the 3 years before a recent PB compared with just 23% in earlier years, χ2(1, N = 509, 444) = 8, 120.74, p < 0.01, OR = 1.31. When runners hit the wall, males slow more than females: a relative slowdown of 0.40 vs. 0.37 is noted, for male and female runners, when comparing their pace when they hit the wall to their earlier race (5km-20km) pace, with t(475, 199) = 60.19, p < 0.01, d = 0.15. And male runners slow over longer distances than female runners: 10.7km vs. 9.6km, respectively, t(475, 199) = 68.44, p < 0.01, d = 0.17. Although, notably the effect size of these differences is small. We also find the finish-time costs of hitting the wall (lost minutes) to increase with ability; r2(7) = 0.91, p < 0.01 r2(7) = 0.81, p < 0.01 for male and female runners, respectively. Conclusions While the findings from this study are consistent with qualitative results from earlier single-race or smaller-scale studies, the new insights into the risk and nature of slowdowns, based on the runner sex, age, and ability, have the potential to help runners and coaches to better understand and calibrate the risk/reward trade-offs that exist as they plan for future races.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Female distance runners"

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Watkins, Irina Kaarina. "ONCE A RUNNER, ALWAYS A RUNNER? ATHLETIC RETIREMENT PROCESSES OF FINNISH FEMALE DISTANCE RUNNERS." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2014. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/276760.

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Kinesiology
M.S.
This qualitative study examined the athletic retirement processes of Finnish female elite distance runners retrospectively, and was loosely based on the theoretical-conceptual background of sport career transition models (Stambulova, 2003; Taylor & Ogilvie, 1994). The participants were Finnish female distance runners who have competed at the national level, or at the international level as members of the Finnish national track and field team. In Finland, the athletic retirement process has not been studied extensively, especially among distance runners. A total of nine former female runners who had retired 10 years prior and no less than one year ago participated in the study. The qualitative data were collected by conducting semi-structured interviews in Finland, using an interview guide constructed by Kadlcik and Flemr (2008) as a model. Seven of the interviews were performed face-to-face, one via Skype, and one via telephone. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and a total of seven themes with 25 subthemes emerged from the data. The themes that emerged included: (1) avenues to become a distance runner, (2) meaning of running, (3) pre-retirement conditions, (4) retirement, (5) factors affecting quality of retirement, (6) major effects of retirement, and (7) current life. Several reasons for sport career termination were identified, loss of motivation being the most prevalent. Most athletes did not have a plan for how to deal with retirement, although studying and other interests played an important role when methods of adaptation were discussed. As in previous studies conducted in other countries, the former Finnish athletes experienced significant changes in many aspects of their lives, including social, psychological and health. Overall, the participants reported a challenging, but not overwhelming athletic career retirement process, with two out of nine participants stating that the transition was somewhat difficult. Recommendations for researchers and practitioners are also discussed.
Temple University--Theses
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Braddick, Jeanne Ann. "Energy intake and expenditure in individual female collegiate distance runners." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41556.

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In recent studies, caloric intakes among female distance runners were reported to be insufficient to support training intensities. To study energy intake and expenditure in female collegiate distance runners, ten members of the Virginia Tech cross-country team were utilized as subjects.


Master of Science
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Walny, Rachel M. "Iron Status and Dietary Patterns of Collegiate Female Distance Runners." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1608758582642789.

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Cunningham, Ruthann. "Variations in Running Form Among Female Sprinters, Middle, and Distance Runners." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2009. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd3128.pdf.

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Newcomer, Lisa. "Dietary intake and iron deficiency in college age female distance runners." Virtual Press, 1988. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/539799.

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether adherance to a modified vegetarian diet predisposed young female athletes to iron deficiency. Two groups of female distance runners volunteered to be subjects for this study. One group consisted of women who regularly consumed red meat, and the other groups women who consumed a modified vegetarian diet. Three day dietary records analyzed to estimate nutrient intake, including available iron. Measures of serum ferritin, serum iron, total iron binding capacity, percent transferrin saturation, hemoglobin and hematocrit were done to asses iron status. The two groups did not differ in the amount of total iron or available iron in their diets. The red meat eating subjects consumed significantly more heme iron from their diets than the modified vegetarians; however there were no differences between the two groups in any of the measures of hematological or iron status. While there were no differences between the two groups in the percent of subjects classified in each stage, 37% of all of the subjects were classified as having a stage 1 deficiency, associated with iron deficient stores, and 11% of the subjects were classified as having a stage 2 deficiency, indicating iron deficient erythropoiesis. None of the subjects were anemic. The results indicate that adherance to a modifed vegetarian diet in this age group did not increase the risk of iron deficiency.
School of Physical Education
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Dvorak, Linda. "Dietary intake and iron deficiency in middle age female distance runners." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/471158.

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The role of food intake and nutrition in athletic performance has gained much recognition in recent years. Therefore, the purpose of the present investigation was to assess whether female runners who consumed a modified vegetarian diet had different iron parameters than female runners who consumed a diet that included red meat. Methods: Two groups of female runners (n=18) volunteered as subjects for this study. One group was composed of women who regularly consumed a modified vegetarian diet (V group) and the other group was composed of women who consumed a diet which included red meat (RM group). The groups were comparable in age, weight, aerobic capacity, number of pregnancies and years since last pregnancy. Dietary analyses and biochemical analyses for the three stages of iron deficiency characterized by iron depletion, iron deficient erythropoiesis and iron deficiency anemia were performed to compare iron status of the two groups of athletes. Results: Serum ferritin values of the V group were significantly lower (p=.001) than those of the RM group. Of all the athletes examined, 56% had serum ferritin values indicative of storage iron depletion. Mean values for serum iron, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) and percent transferrin saturation were in the normal range for both groups, but TIBC values of the V group were significantly higher (p=.02) than the TIBC values of the RM group. Individually, four of the subjects, 22%, (3 V group and 1 RM group), had iron values indicative of iron deficient erythropoiesis. None of the other iron parameters was significantly different between the groups and none of the subjects was clinically anemic. The mean daily iron intake was not significantly different between the groups, but both groups averaged less than the RDA. The total caloric intake of both groups averaged less than 1800 kcals/day with 50% of the athletes consuming less than 1800 kcals/day, and another 28% consumed between 1800-2100 kcals/day. The V group consumed significantly more carbohydrate (p=.02) and less protein (p=.001) than the RM group, but none of the other dietary variables were significantly different between the groups. Conclusion: The two groups of subjects ingested almost the same amount of iron/day, however, the bioavailability of the iron in the diets may have affected iron absorption as the iron stores of the V group were lower than those of the RM group.
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Hind, Karen. "Energy balance and bone mineral density on male and female distance runners." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2004. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5405/.

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Reports of lumbar spine (IS) skeletal deficits in female athletes with menstrual disorders are common, although it is not clear whether the deficits are confined to this group. The main factor presumed to be responsible is oestrogen deficiency characterised by amenorrhoea, however emerging evidence indicates that energy deficiency can also disturb bone turnover. This thesis aimed to determine whether male distance runners are at a comparable risk for bone loss and whether there was a relationship between reported energy balance and BMD. Methods: 109 distance runners (18-50 years) participated (65 females, 44 males). A questionnaire assessed menstrual status, performance level and training characteristics. 7-day dietary and exercise records were used to quantify energy balance. LS, dual femur (DF) and total body (TB) BMD were measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Bone size was accounted for: bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) = BMD / √Bone area. Results: Male and female IS T-scores were similar (-0.8, -0.8). 41.6% of female and 36.4% of male runners were osteopenic (LS). Age, BMI and body fat- adjusted LS T-scores were lower in male than female runners (p<0.05). Adjusted LS T-scores were lower in male compared to eumenorrhoeic runners (p<0.01). Female runners who used the oral contraceptive pill had similar BMD to amen/oligo-menorrhoeic runners, which were significantly lower than eumenorrhoeic runners (p<0.01). These runners were also more energy deficient (p<0.01). Elite runners had greater energy deficits, lower IS T-scores, BMAD and a smaller bone area than club runners (p<0.001). DF and TB T-scores were normal, did not correlate with weekly mileage and after adjustment for calcium intake, did not correlate with energy balance. IS T-score negatively correlated with stress fracture incidence (p
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Canady, Andrea. "Eating disorder symptoms and exercise motivations across exercise investment levels among female distance runners." Thesis, McGill University, 2002. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33879.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the extent of eating disorder symptoms and differences in exercise motivations in female distance runners at various exercise investment levels. One hundred and seven distance runners, aged 19 to 59 years, who run a minimum of five kilometers, three times per week, were asked to complete three questionnaires. The runners across exercise investment levels were not found to differ in Eating Disorder Inventory sub-scale scores. They differed from college women only in exhibiting fewer symptoms on Drive for Thinness (p < .05), Body Dissatisfaction (p < .001), and Interoceptive Awareness (p < .001). Significant differences in the Exercise Orientation Questionnaire sub-scale scores were found between the least and most exercise-invested runners with the latter scoring significantly higher on Exercise Orientation (P < .0001), Identity (p < .004), and Competition (p < .002). It was concluded that while eating disorder symptoms among female distance runners at various investment levels are no different, exercise motivations are different across levels of exercise.
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Perrin, Megan-Anne. "Effects of media messages on disordered eating development among female collegiate distance runners." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/13765.

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Master of Science
School of Journalism and Mass Communications
Nancy Muturi
This study was an examination of the determinants of disordered eating development among female collegiate distance runners. More specifically, the study examined the impact of thinness-emphasizing and thinness-promoting messages disseminated by mass media and running-specific media, and how those messages affected disordered eating among a sample of female collegiate distance runners. It also examines current female collegiate distance runners’ attitudes toward disordered eating, subjective norms from referent individuals close to female collegiate distance runners regarding disordered eating, and female collegiate distance runners’ perceived behavioral control regarding disordered eating—which was divided into various internal and external control factors either inhibiting or facilitating disordered eating among them. The study was qualitative in nature and assumed a multi-method approach. It included an online, anonymous, self-administered questionnaire among 166 current NCAA Division I female distance runners; four small, confidential focus groups with current NCAA Division I female distance runners from four different teams; and 16 in-depth interviews with professional distance runners, dietitians, coaches, physicians, and sports psychologists. The study sought to answer four research questions—each based on an element of the study’s guiding theory, the theory of planned behavior (Ajzen, 1991). Overall, the study found media messages, attitudes, subjective norms, and various internal and external control factors all facilitated disordered eating among NCAA Division I female distance runners. Based upon these findings, the study offers recommendations for practitioners in the field of health communication, coaches, academic institutions with cross country and track teams, and female collegiate distance runners.
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Therrian, Franklin James. "Macronutrient intake and fluid status of elite female distance runners at moderate altitude." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/20120.

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Master of Science
Department of Hospitality Management and Dietetics
Betsy Barrett
The topic of athlete nutrition has been discussed amongst competitors, coaches, and nutrition professionals since the dawn of the Modern Olympic Movement in 1896 and has led to many strategies to help athletes compete at a higher level. Endurance athletes have been studied around the world. However, studies conducted with elite distance runners at altitude have focused mainly on male athletes in Kenya or Ethiopia. Despite the efforts of researchers over the years in the area of athlete nutrition there has been little research that specifically focuses on elite female distance runners and little evidence is available about the dietary habits and beliefs of these athletes. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to identify the macronutrient and fluid intakes of female distance runners and to determine if current fad diets and specific athletic events impact their eating habits. Seven female elite distance runners (six of European and one of Asian descent) training at altitude completed the study. Their specific events ranged from the 5-K to ultra-marathon. The athletes entered their food, fluid and physical activity for six weeks and submitted a report weekly to the researcher. The data was entered by the researcher into myfitnesspal.com which tabulated the data. The results recorded into Excel spreadsheets for each athlete. At the end of the six weeks, all data was compiled to get a total intake for each athlete and the group as a whole. Mean, minimums, maximums, and standard deviations were used for data analysis. At the end of the six weeks, a telephone interview was conducted with each athlete to determine their eating habits, attitudes towards food, how others impacted their eating and if they were following a fad diet and why. Results indicated that these athletes reported lower mean carbohydrate (51±19.4% of calories) and higher protein (19±6% of calories) intake than is recommended per the Joint Statement of the ADA, DC and ACSM (2009). Fat and fluid consumption were adequate, but overall calories taken in were a little lower than calories expended. The athletes avoided soy, high fructose corn syrup, artificial sweeteners, dairy, and fried foods and focused on eating more fruits and vegetables. Five of the seven athletes were following a gluten free diet because they felt it gave them a competitive edge, increased performance, and reduced GI distress. Based on the results of this study, coaches and athletes should focus on perceived exertion in workouts, macronutrient amounts and overall calories to ensure the athlete is able to compete at a high level.
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Books on the topic "Female distance runners"

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Meade, Mary Margaret. The susceptibility of developing eating disorders in female elite and recreational distance runners. [s.l: The Author], 1997.

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Duesing, Louis J. Comparison of anxiety, confidence and performance levels of male and female distance runners. Eugene: Microform Publications, College of Human Development and Performance, University of Oregon, 1985.

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Glycogen supercompensation in female distance runners. 1985.

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Structural characteristics of female distance runners of different proficiency levels. 1986.

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Costill, D. L. Muscle fiber composition and enzyme activities in elite female distance runners. 1987.

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Torok, Donald J. The salivary cortisol response to maximal exercise in female distance runners. 1989.

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Comparison of anxiety, confidence, and performance levels of male and female distance runners. 1985.

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Comparison of anxiety, confidence, and performance levels of male and female distance runners. 1985.

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J, Duesing Louis. Comparison of anxiety, confidence, and performance levels of male and female distance runners. 1985.

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Chen, John Allen. Selected physiological variables and distance running performance among non-elite, heterogeneous groups of male and female runners. 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Female distance runners"

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Bruinvels, Georgie, Esther Goldsmith, and Nicola Brown. "Considerations for the Female Runner." In The Science and Practice of Middle and Long Distance Running, 306–27. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003088912-23.

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Walton-Fisette, Theresa. "Grete Waitz." In More than Cricket and Football, 204–21. University Press of Mississippi, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14325/mississippi/9781496809889.003.0011.

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Grete Waitz of Norway is marathon running’s first female star. Waitz had trained as a distance runner and found success at various distances before turning her attention to the longer race. Her first marathon race was the famous New York City marathon and expectations for her were low. It was surprising to herself and others when she won her first marathon race. Eventually, Waitz won the NYC marathon nine times and helped establish a foothold for women in the long distance event.
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Conference papers on the topic "Female distance runners"

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Das, Nantu, and Sumanta Kumar Mandal. "Data Analysis and Qualitative Assessment of 1500-meter Female Middle Distance Runners." In 2021 International Conference on Computational Performance Evaluation (ComPE). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/compe53109.2021.9751939.

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Bakayev, Vladislav, Alexander Bolotin, and Chunguang You. "Reaction of vegetative nervous system to loads in female long-distance runners with different fitness level." In Journal of Human Sport and Exercise - 2018 - Spring Conferences of Sports Science. Universidad de Alicante, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2018.13.proc2.09.

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Schwellnus, Martin, Nicola Sewry, Mats Borjesson, Sonja Swanevelder, and Esme Jordaan. "070 Metabolic/endocrine disease, older females, longer race distance, slower race pace and higher WBGT are independent risk factors associated with medical encounters in 21.1 km and 56 km runners: a SAFER study in 76654 starters." In IOC World Conference on Prevention of Injury & Illness in Sport 2021. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2021-ioc.66.

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Journal articles Dissertations / Theses
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