Relevant bibliographies by topics / Feedlots

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Feedlots'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 August 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Feedlots"

1

Shiddieqy, M. I., M. N. Rofiq, and Y. Widiawati. "Sustainable manure management systems in beef cattle feedlots." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1114, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1114/1/012049.

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Abstract The population of feeder cattle in feedlots is not significant compared to the total cattle population. However, the intensive management system in feedlots has negative impact on the environment. Currently, there is limited information on manure handling in the beef cattle feedlots in Indonesia. This study aimed to describe the manure management system of surveyed feedlots in Lampung Province, Indonesia. The method of this study was descriptive with field observation and survey in three feedlots in Lampung. Data related to manure management were collected on the farm, while the data on manure management systems, animal characteristics, and housing system were gathered from questionnaires in the survey. The data were described and analysed using comparison with previous studies. The result showed that the surveyed feedlots utilize manure as organic fertilizer. The manure and effluent were treated and pumped onto forage fields. One feedlot company with an advanced manure treatment facility has implemented a sustainable manure management strategy. The study suggests further research to measure the carbon cycle for several types of feedlot’s manure management systems as an environmental product declares of beef cattle production in Indonesia.
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Bai, Mei, Trevor Coates, Julian Hill, Thomas K. Flesch, David W. T. Griffith, Matthew Van der Saag, Des Rinehart, and Deli Chen. "Measurement of Long-Term CH4 Emissions and Emission Factors from Beef Feedlots in Australia." Atmosphere 14, no. 9 (August 28, 2023): 1352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14091352.

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One of the major challenges for the Australian feedlot and meat sectors is to have accurate and robust long-term greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions data. Long-term measurements of methane (CH4) emissions (2015–2017) were made at two Australian beef feedlots having different climates, cattle types, and management practices. Emissions were measured using the inverse-dispersion model (IDM) micrometeorological technique, using CH4 concentrations measured at the feedlots with a closed-path Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic technique (CP-FTIR). The emissions data were used to evaluate methods used by the Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water to estimate CH4 emissions from feedlots in Australian national inventory calculations. Expressed as a CH4 yield (emissions per unit dry matter intake, DMI), the two feedlots had emissions of 13.1 and 18.9 g CH4 kg−1 DMI. The lower-emitting feedlot had emissions that were 30% lower than the national inventory calculations based on feed intakes, while the second feedlot had emissions that were similar to the inventory calculations. The accurate quantification of emissions from feedlots, as demonstrated as part of this study, is important for validating the national accounting methods and therefore the sector’s GHG emissions profile.
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Estima-Silva, Pablo, Plínio A. Oliveira, Fabio Raphael P. Bruhn, Haide Valeska Scheid, Lucas S. Marques, Luiza S. Ribeiro, and Ana Lucia Schild. "Causes of death of beef cattle raised in feedlots." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 40, no. 5 (May 2020): 333–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6539.

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ABSTRACT: The causes of death of cattle kept in pre-export feedlots (PEFs) and in feedlot for finishing for slaughter are described. Two studies were conducted: a retrospective study of mortality cases in feedlots from 2000 to 2017 registered at the “Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico” of the “Faculdade de Veterinária” of the “Universidade Federal de Pelotas”; and a prospective study from January 2018 to August 2019, following up 22 feedlots for finishing and six PEFs for the export of live cattle. From January 2000 to August 2019 samples of 150 cases of diseases that affected feedlot cattle were received from 22 feedlots for finishing and 115 of the six PEFs followed. Mortality considering all diagnosed diseases was significantly higher in feedlots for finishing (p<0.05), than in PEFs for the export of live cattle, of 1% and 0.12%, respectively. Diseases of the digestive system were the most important causes, of death in feedlots regardless of its purpose. Acidosis presented the highest mortality rates both in feedlot for finishing (3.33%) as in PEFs for export (0.95%). In all cases the disease occurred due to failure in the adaptation of animals to the ingestion of concentrated foods. Bovine tick fever and pneumonia presented mortality rates of 0.13% and 0.09%, respectively in PEFs. In the feedlot for finishing seneciosis was the second cause of death due to cattle coming from areas with high infestation by the plant. In the present study, it was possible to identify the main diseases that occur in cattle feedlots for finishing or for the export of live animals in the southern region of Rio Grande do Sul. These diseases are known in other systems of cattle breeding and can be prevented or controlled through management, chemoprophylaxis or vaccination, minimizing losses due to mortality.
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Bernardes, Thiago, and Thais Castro. "PSXII-12 Silages and roughage sources in the Brazilian beef feedlots." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (December 2019): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.815.

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Abstract The aim of this survey was to identify silages and roughage sources adopted in the beef finishing diets. Eighty-two feedyards, located in 10 states, were surveyed from January to March 2019 for their feeding practices. Feedlot owners and nutritionists were interviewed by using a common survey form. The form consisted of 5 questions, including feedlot location, feedlot capacity and the number of animals serviced yearly, breed, silages and roughage sources, and roughage: concentrate ratio. Results were tabulated in an Excel spreadsheet for each feedlot. The number of responses per question, and the mean, minimum value, maximum value, and mode (most frequently occurring value) were calculated. Feedlot capacity ranged from 300 to 35,000 (mode = 3,000) and cattle serviced yearly per feedlot ranged from 400 to 90,000 (mode = 6,000). Nellore breed and crossbreed represented 74 and 26% % of finished animals, respectively. Roughage: concentrate ratio ranged from 40: 60 to 10: 90. Thirty-five percent of feedlots adopted 20: 80 ratio, followed by 15: 85 (16%) and 10: 90 (16%) ratios. Whole-plant corn silage was the most common roughage source (57%; Figure 1), followed by sugarcane bagasse (17%), tropical grass silages (16%), and whole-plant sorghum silage (11%). Nutritionists also cited hay (9%), sugarcane silage (5%), and fresh sugarcane (4%) as roughage sources. High-moisture corn, snaplage (grain, cob, husk, shank), and reconstituted grain corn were used by 20, 11, and 1% of feedlots, respectively. Reconstituted grain sorghum was included in 4% of the diets. Thus, 36% of feedlots adopted grain silages (corn and sorghum) in the diets. Overall, Brazilian feedlots have used high-energy finishing diets and corn is the most widely grown crop for silage. Feedlots have shown interest in using grain silages to maximize starch digestion, especially because Brazil grows flint corn and silage machinery industry has made available new equipment.
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de Andrade, Thiago Sérgio, Tiago Zanett Albertini, Luís Gustavo Barioni, Sérgio Raposo de Medeiros, Danilo Domingues Millen, Antônio Carlos Ramos dos Santos, Rodrigo Silva Goulart, and Dante Pazzanese Duarte Lanna. "Perception of consultants, feedlot owners, and packers regarding management and marketing decisions on feedlots: a national survey in Brazil (Part II)." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 100, no. 4 (December 1, 2020): 759–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2019-0220.

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Research interviews with agribusiness professionals are carried out in several countries for updating and developing technologies. This study aimed to investigate the perception of Brazilian feeders regarding management and marketing tools used in the feedlot industry. Interviews were conducted with groups: nutritionist-consultants (n = 23), feedlot owners (n = 21), and packer-owned feedlots (n = 8). Roughly 58% of the interviewees worked with two cycles of animals per year. Roughly 80% of animals on feedlots were males, with 73% of the respondents having fed only intact males and 75% of the animals were Nellore breed. Among the criteria used for pen formation, weight was the most common (75%). The use of computational tools for feedlot management (71%) and diet formulation (69%) were found to be common, although interviewees did not use any software to characterize feeder animals. In 44% of the respondent feedlots, animals that reached the desired weight and degree of finish were removed for slaughter, whereas the unfinished animals remained in the same pen. We found that a need, therefore, exists to develop efficient strategies for forming homogeneous pens upon animal entry onto feedlots, and maintaining homogenous pens upon the exit of animals for slaughter.
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Baber, Jessica, Jason Sawyer, Ben Holland, Kendall Karr, Alyssa Word, and Tryon Wickersham. "146 Net protein contribution of feedlots from 2006 to 2017." Journal of Animal Science 97, Supplement_3 (December 2019): 146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skz258.299.

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Abstract Feedlot efficiency has increased as technologies are adopted and new feed ingredients, generally byproducts, have become available and readily incorporated. To evaluate the effect of diet changes and feedlot production over time on net protein contribution (NPC), a deterministic NPC model was used. Lot level production data from 2006 to 2017 for 8 commercial feedlots was used. Ingredient and nutrient composition were collected for a representative starter and finisher diet fed for each year and feedlot combination. Net protein contribution was calculated by multiplying the ratio of human-edible protein (HeP) in beef produced to HeP in feed by the protein quality ratio (PQR). A NPC &gt;1 indicates a production system is positively contributing to meeting human protein requirements, whereas a NPC &lt; 1 indicates competition with humans for HeP. Regressing NPC on year evaluated temporal change in NPC, and feedlots were categorized as increasing (INC; slope &gt; 0) or constant (CON; slope = 0). Four feedlots were categorized as INC and 4 were CON. A common slope was estimated for CON and INC for PQR (P ≥ 0.79). Slopes of INC and CON differed for byproduct and cereal grain inclusion (P ≤ 0.01). Feedlots categorized as INC reduced HeP consumed by 2.39% per year, but CON feedlots did not (0.28%). Cattle received and shipped by INC were lighter than CON cattle (P &lt; 0.01). Both feedlot types tended to improve HeP gained (0.1 kg per year; P = 0.10). Differences in slope for INC and CON were observed for conversion efficiency of HeP (P &lt; 0.01). Net protein contribution increased 0.027 units per year for INC (P &lt; 0.01) and was 0.94 in 2017. Net protein contribution by the feedlot sector increased from 2006 to 2017 as a result of using less human-edible feeds to produce human-edible beef protein.
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Fike, Karol E., and Pete T. Anderson. "36 Kansas State University Feedlot Boot Camp and Teaching Program: Growing Student Interest and Engagement in the Feedlot Industry." Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_2 (April 12, 2022): 121–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac064.206.

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Abstract The Kansas State University Collegiate Feedlot Boot Camp and Teaching Program was initiated in January 2019 with the goal to develop student knowledge, skills, and professional relationships in feedlot management to help meet critical need for trained professionals in the feedlot industry. Allied industry supporters including feedlot nutrition and veterinary consultants, pharmaceutical companies, and lenders, as well as feedlot owners/managers and the Kansas State University Department of Animal Sciences and Industry collaborated to develop, sponsor, and offer the program, which is offered at no cost to students who are selected. Specific objectives are to train students in aspects of feedlot management through a 4-d comprehensive “Boot Camp” at Western Kansas feedlots, enhance students’ likelihood of participating in feedlot internships, and cultivate students’ vision of potential career paths within the industry. Boot Camp topics include cattle health, feeding and nutrition, feedlot design and maintenance, and the business of cattle feeding. A networking dinner brings students and feedlot managers together to facilitate students gaining internship and full-time employment with feedlots. Following the January Boot Camp, students share individual presentations on relevant industry topics. Presentations are recorded and shared with feedlot managers to further engagement between students and feedlot managers. Later in the spring semester students also participate in a half-day cattle processing experience at a feedlot near Kansas State to provide additional insight and experience with feedlot health management. Limited to 20 participants per year, 59 undergraduate students have completed the program. When surveyed, over 98% (58/59) of student participants agreed with the statement “My interest in pursuing an internship and (or) career in the feedlot industry grew as a result of this Boot Camp.” Approximately 50% of students participated in feedlot internships or earned full-time jobs working in feedlots. Ranging from students with little to no experience with feedlots to being raised on beef cow-calf or feedlot operations, progress is being made in growing student interest and awareness of career opportunities in the feedlot industry.
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Baber, Jessica R., Jason E. Sawyer, Ben P. Holland, Kendall J. Karr, Alyssa B. Word, and Tryon A. Wickersham. "Net protein contribution of beef feedlots from 2006 to 2017." Translational Animal Science 3, no. 4 (July 1, 2019): 1575–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txz142.

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Abstract: Feedlot efficiency increases as technologies are adopted and new feed ingredients, especially byproducts, become available and incorporated into diets. Byproduct availability increased in response to the renewable fuels standard of 2005, creating substantial amounts of feedstuffs best used by ruminants. Cereal grains have been partially replaced with human-inedible byproducts, as they provide comparable levels of energy in cattle diets. To evaluate the effects of changes in diet and feedlot production practices on net protein contribution (NPC) and human-edible protein conversion efficiency (HePCE) across time, a deterministic NPC model was used. NPC was assessed for the feedlot industry using lot level production data from 2006 to 2017 for eight commercial feedlots. Ingredient and nutrient composition was collected for a representative starter and finisher diet fed for each year from each feedlot. NPC was calculated by multiplying human-edible protein (HeP) in beef produced per unit of HeP in feed by the protein quality ratio (PQR). Systems with NPC &gt;1 positively contribute to meeting human protein requirements; NPC &lt; 1 indicates competition with humans for HeP. NPC was regressed on year to evaluate temporal change in NPC. Feedlots were categorized as increasing NPC (INC; slope &gt; 0) or constant NPC (CON; slope = 0) according to regression parameter estimates. Four feedlots were categorized as INC and four were CON. The rate of change in PQR was similar for CON and INC (P ≥ 0.79), although rates of change among INC and CON differed for byproduct and cereal grain inclusion (P ≤ 0.01) across years evaluated. Feedlots categorized as INC reduced HeP consumed by 2.39% per year, but CON feedlots did not reduce HeP consumed each year (0.28%). Cattle received and shipped by INC were lighter than those in CON feedlots (P &lt; 0.01). Across years, INC produced more HeP (20.9 vs. 19.2 kg/hd) than CON (P &lt; 0.01), and both feedlot types tended to improve HeP gained over time (0.1 kg per year; P = 0.10). Differences in slope over time for INC and CON were observed for conversion efficiency of HeP (P &lt; 0.01). NPC increased 0.027 units per year for INC (P &lt; 0.01) and was 0.94 in 2017. NPC by the feedlot sector improved from 2006 to 2017, decreasing the amount of human-edible feeds required to produce more high-quality protein from beef.
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Bernardes, Thiago, Thais Castro, and Matheus Da Luz. "PSVIII-B-11 Grain Processing Methods and Fiber Sources in the Brazilian Beef Feedlots." Journal of Animal Science 100, Supplement_3 (September 21, 2022): 315–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skac247.575.

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Abstract The aim of this survey was to identify grain processing techniques and fiber sources adopted in the beef finishing diets. One hundred and forty-nine feedyards, located in 10 states, were surveyed from March 2020 to February 2021 for their feeding practices. Feedlot owners and nutritionists were interviewed by using a common survey form. The form consisted of 5 questions, including feedlot location, feedlot capacity and the number of animals serviced yearly, breed, grain processing techniques and roughage sources, and roughage: concentrate ratio. Results were tabulated in an Excel spreadsheet for each feedlot. The number of responses per question, and the mean, minimum value, maximum value, and mode (most frequently occurring value) were calculated. Feedlot capacity ranged from 300 to 40,000 (mode = 3,000) and cattle serviced yearly per feedlot ranged from 400 to 90,000 (mode = 6,000). Nellore breed and crossbreed represented 67 and 33% % of finished animals, respectively. Roughage: concentrate ratio ranged from 40: 60 to 10: 90. Thirty-four percent of feedlots adopted 20: 80 ratio, followed by 25: 75 (17.5%) and 15: 85 (14%) ratios. High-moisture corn, snaplage (grain, cob, husk, and shank), and reconstituted grain corn were used by 21, 12, and 6.7% of feedlots, respectively. Reconstituted grain sorghum was included in 4% of the diets. Thus, 43.7% of feedlots adopted grain silages in the diets. Whole-plant corn silage was the most common roughage source (59.5%), followed by sugarcane bagasse (16%), tropical grass silages (14%), and whole-plant sorghum silage (13%). Nutritionists also cited hay (8%), sugarcane silage (6%), and fresh sugarcane (3%) as roughage sources. Overall, Brazilian feedlots have used ensiling as the most important method to process grains (corn and sorghum), especially because silage machinery industry has made available new equipment. Whole-plant corn silage is the most common fiber source.
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Malafaia, Pedro, Tiago Alvin Lima Granato, Rogério Magnoli Costa, Vinícius Carneiro de Souza, Diogo Fleury Azevedo Costa, and Carlos Hubinger Tokarnia. "Major health problems and their economic impact on beef cattle under two different feedlot systems in Brazil." Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira 36, no. 9 (September 2016): 837–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2016000900008.

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Abstract: This study aimed to describe the diagnosis of health problems and to evaluate the cost of their treatment for cattle raised in feedlots to be slaughtered or to be sold as sires for cow-calf systems. Bovine respiratory disease and digestive disorders were the main problems diagnosed in the feedlot for slaughter; the cost for treatment was high, accounting for 9.7 to 20.9 kg of live weight (LW) or the equivalent of 7 to 15% of total LW gained over the days on feed. Due to the high intake of starch-rich concentrate, rumen and fecal pH was lower, whilst rumen osmolarity and blood lactate were higher in cattle fed for slaughter. Cattle affected by digestive disorders spent on average four additional days in the feedlot. Diseases and cost of treatments were associated with lower average daily gain and considerable economic losses. Health problems commonly observed in the feedlots for slaughter were not observed in the feedlots for males to be sold as sires. The most likely reason for this observation was the more careful nutrition and prophylactic health management in sire production systems, which produce animals of much higher selling price. Results from this study suggest that health problems found in feedlots for slaughter may not only reduce animal productivity and profitability, but also the welfare of the animals. The systemic understaffing of livestock cattle workers and veterinarians in large feedlots in Brazil results in under reporting of diseases and lack to understand epidemiological context and disease prevention.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Feedlots"

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Petrov, Ryan. "The microclimate of Australian cattle feedlots." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Engineering and Surveying, 2007. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00003191/.

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[Abstract]: The incidence of cattle heat stress is a significant production and welfare issue for the feedlot industry. It is hypothesised that the presence and physical nature of feedlots causes significant microclimatic variations compared to the external environment.In order to test this hypothesis, data was collected using a series of automatic weather stations located in the external environment surrounding two Australian feedlots. Comparison of this data with regional Bureau of Meteorology sites was undertaken to verify the quality of these ‘control’ sites. To determine the climate within the feedlot separate automatic weather stations were placed within the cattle pens at each site, with one station located in an unshaded pen and one directly under an artificial shade structure within an adjacent pen.This dissertation reports the collection and analyses of detailed climatic data from the surrounds and within the cattle pens of these two Australian feedlots. The project also sought to determine microclimatic differences within the feedlot pen area that may be caused by the presence of the shade structures.It was found that the presence of a feedlot does create significant microclimatic variations. Specifically, it was determined that the albedo values of the feedlot pen surface are significantly lower (ranging from 0.13 to 0.19) than those of the external feedlot environment (typically 0.15 to 0.25). This is a result of the surface changes arising from the establishment of clay based manure covered pens. Under wet conditions the differences in albedo values were further increased. It was found that the short wave radiation reflection from the external feedlot environment was 4% greater than that from the unshaded feedlot pen surfaces under dry conditions and 10% greater under wet conditions. The increased adsorption of solar radiation by the feedlot pen surface created ground temperatures that were on average 2 to 4°C warmer than those of the feedlot surrounds. The re-radiation of heat from the pen surface was found to create warmer air temperatures within the feedlot pens compared to the external environment, particularly overnight. Between the hours of 4am to 6am it was found that on average the air temperatures of the shaded and unshaded feedlot pens were 0.7°C and 0.5°C warmer than the external feedlot environment.It was found that feedlot pen infrastructure and cattle significantly reduce wind speeds under a height of 10 metres. The average 2 metre wind speeds of the external feedlot environments were found to be 29% and 9% higher than those recorded in the unshaded pens at the northern and southern feedlots respectively.Shade structures within feedlot pens were found to be effective in reducing incoming solar radiation with the galvanised sheeting reducing incoming solar radiation by 76% and the shade cloth providing a 72% reduction. These reductions provided both lower ground temperatures and a significant reduction in radiant heat loads under the shade. It was determined that the environment under shade structures was more humid compared to that of the unshaded pens with humidity levels recorded being 8 to 12% higher. Shade structures also restrict horizontal wind movement with the 2 metre wind speeds in the shaded pens being on average 11% and 0.5% lower than those recorded in the unshaded pens for the Queensland and NSW feedlots respectively.Research has shown that microclimatic variations such as increased air temperatures, increased humidity and restricted air movement can have an adverse effect on cattle health. It is concluded from this project that in order to mitigate these effects a number of feedlot design concepts be implemented, and management practices should be adopted. Maintaining minimal quantities of manure on the pen surface will provide lower ground temperatures, dryer pen conditions and inhibit the re-radiation of heat and evapotranspiration from the pen surface. Adequate air flow should be maintained by siting feedlots in areas of suitable topography, and designing feedlot infrastructure and shade structures to maximise air movement. Shade structures need to aim at providing dryer pen surfaces to minimise humidity levels. Incorporation of these recommendations into feedlot design and management will assist in optimising the feedlot microclimate.
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Baum, Kristen A. "Air emissions measurements at cattle feedlots." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/775.

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Ungkuraphinunt, Paphapit. "Factors contributing to the presence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and O157:NM in feedlots and feedlot cattle." Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1172.

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Environmental sources within 5 feedlots were sampled for E. coli O157:H7 and O157:NM to determine the prevalence of this pathogen with a view to minimize or control its spread in the feedlot environment. Monthly samples were taken from the feedlots in the Panhandle and South Plains of Texas over a nine-month period. Samples were examined by an immunomagnetic bead separation, followed by plating onto CT-SMAC and CHROMagar O157 media. Sorbitol-negative colonies were tested using ImmunoCard Stat! E. coli O157:H7 Plus and confirmed as E. coli O157:H7, using biochemical (Vitek system) and serological tests (latex agglutination). Additionally, one hundred sponge samples were collected from the hides of stunned cattle at the slaughter plant. All isolates were subjected to rep-PCR DNA fingerprinting and antimicrobial profiling. E. coli O157 was isolated from hide (56%) and environmental samples (4%). E. coli O157 was isolated from all environmental sources, with peak prevalence during November (9%) and March (10%). At least one sample from each feedlot was positive 42% of the time. The most contaminated sites were the chute area (6%) and sludge from waste water ponds (6%). Positive samples were most frequently found from feedlot 5 (7%) and the greatest variation in positive samples between feedlots (0-34%) occurred during March. A decrease in the presence of E. coli O157 in feedlots was observed during January (0%), when ambient, water, and pond sludge temperatures were consistently low. No correlation with other environmental factors was observed. Hide was a primary source of E. coli O157 on carcasses with an overall prevalence of 56%. Of two sampling days, the number of positive hide samples varied from 14% for the first day to 98% for the second day. The total positive samples collected (environmental (47); hide (56)) were 64% H7, and 36% NM. The environmental isolates showed similar antibiotic resistance patterns, regardless of the source. Most E. coli O157 isolates from the feedlots and hides showed a high level of resistance to cephalothin (45%) and sulfisoxazole (56%). E. coli O157 isolates from feedlots were resistant to more than 10 antibiotics (9/317). All of the isolates appeared highly similar, with an average similarity of 53% by rep-PCR DNA fingerprinting.
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Vaillant, Grace C. "Nutrient cycling at cattle feedlots field & laboratory study." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/318.

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Bonifacio, Henry F. "Estimating particulate emission rates from large beef cattle feedlots." Diss., Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15530.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering
Ronaldo G. Maghirang
Emission of particulate matter (PM) and various gases from open-lot beef cattle feedlots is becoming a concern because of the adverse effects on human health and the environment; however, scientific information on feedlot emissions is limited. This research was conducted to estimate emission rates of PM[subscript]10 from large cattle feedlots. Specific objectives were to: (1) determine feedlot PM[subscript]10 emission rates by reverse dispersion modeling using AERMOD; (2) compare AERMOD and WindTrax in terms of their predicted concentrations and back-calculated PM[subscript]10 emission rates; (3) examine the sensitivity of both AERMOD and WindTrax to changes in meteorological parameters, source location, and receptor location; (4) determine feedlot PM[subscript]10 emission rates using the flux-gradient technique; and (5) compare AERMOD and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in simulating particulate dispersion from an area source. PM[subscript]10 emission rates from two cattle feedlots in Kansas were determined by reverse dispersion modeling with AERMOD using PM[subscript]10 concentration and meteorological measurements over a 2-yr period. PM[subscript]10 emission rates for these feedlots varied seasonally, with overall medians of 1.60 and 1.10 g /m[superscript]2 -day. Warm and prolonged dry periods had significantly higher PM emissions compared to cold periods. Results also showed that the PM[subscript]10 emissions had a diurnal trend; highest PM[subscript]10 emission rates were observed during the afternoon and early evening periods. Using particulate concentration and meteorological measurements from a third cattle feedlot, PM[subscript]10 emission rates were back-calculated with AERMOD and WindTrax. Higher PM[subscript]10 emission rates were calculated by AERMOD, but their resulting PM[subscript]10 emission rates were highly linear (R[superscript]2 > 0.88). As such, development of conversion factors between these two models is feasible. AERMOD and WindTrax were also compared based on their sensitivity to changes in meteorological parameters and source locations. In general, AERMOD calculated lower concentrations than WindTrax; however, the two models responded similarly to changes in wind speed, surface roughness, atmospheric stability, and source and receptor locations. The flux-gradient technique also estimated PM[subscript]10 emission rates at the third cattle feedlot. Analyses of PM[subscript]10 emission rates and meteorological parameters indicated that PM[subscript]10 emissions at the feedlot were influenced by friction velocity, sensible heat flux, temperature, and surface roughness. Based on pen surface water content measurements, a water content of at least 20% (wet basis) significantly lowered PM[subscript]10 emissions at the feedlot. The dispersion of particulate from a simulated feedlot pen was predicted using CFD turbulence model ([kappa]-[epsilon] model) and AERMOD. Compared to CFD, AERMOD responded differently to wind speed setting, and was not able to provide detailed vertical concentration profiles such that the vertical concentration gradients at the first few meters from the ground were negligible. This demonstrates some limitations of AERMOD in simulating dispersion for area sources such as cattle feedlots and suggests the need to further evaluate its performance for area source modeling.
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Alkire, Deke Omar Kerley Monty Stephen. "The effects of supplemental rumen-protected fat in feedlot rations." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5953.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on March 20, 2009) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Michels, Cherie Dawn. "Bioaerosol levels at feedlots and an indoor wastewater treatment headworks." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq65160.pdf.

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Dokuparti, Santosh. "Development and demonstration of coal combustion byproducts based cattle feedlots /." Available to subscribers only, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1136092441&sid=24&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Babcock, Abram Heath. "Epidemiology of bovine respiratory disease and mortality in commercial feedlots." Diss., Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/4483.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology
David G. Renter
Bradley J. White
The objective of my research was to quantify epidemiologic parameters associated with feedlot mortality and bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC); the most significant cause of morbidity in U.S. feeder cattle. We conducted four retrospective studies utilizing individual health and cumulative cohort-level feedlot data. We developed a database that represented 33 U.S. feedlots from six states over ten years. Each project used a subset of these data. We found that the timing of BRDC was associated with important performance and health indices. In the first study, we evaluated the effect of the timing of individual BRDC treatments on standardized net returns. We found important performance and health measures (e.g. hot carcass weight and number treatments) driving net return differences associated with the timing of BRDC. For the second cohort-level study, we classified temporal patterns of BRDC, and evaluated associations among temporal patterns and performance and health. Temporal patterns were significantly associated with mean daily weight gain, days on feed, carcass weight, yield grade, quality grade, cumulative mortality, and retreatment risk. We also evaluated combined mortality and culling risks and quantified the effects of risk factors using count models. All risk factors (arrival weight, gender, and arrival month) were significant and the effects were modified by one another; effects of these covariate patterns have been impossible to quantify in smaller studies. Finally, we assessed the ability of regression models to predict cumulative BRDC morbidity based on arrival risk factors; then assessed the additional value of incorporating daily BRDC morbidity and mortality information. The percent of correctly classified cohorts did increase across days, but the effect of day was modified by weight, month, and feedlot. Information on daily morbidity was beneficial in predicting cumulative morbidity, but daily mortality provided little benefit. Our database containing animal health and cohort-level data allowed us to generate novel information on the effects of the timing of BRDC in feedlot populations. We also demonstrated effects of covariate patterns on adverse health outcomes that heretofore had been difficult to quantify. Finally, we showed that a predictive model for BRDC may be useful for the feedlot industry; this model should be further developed with future research.
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Bonifacio, Henry F. "Particulate matter emissions from commercial beef cattle feedlots in Kansas." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/2325.

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Books on the topic "Feedlots"

1

United States. General Accounting Office., ed. Livestock agriculture: Increased EPA oversight will improve environmental program for concentrated animal feeding operations. Washington, D.C: GAO, 2003.

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United States. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Veterinary Services. and National Animal Health Monitoring System (U.S.), eds. Environmental monitoring by feedlots. Fort Collins, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, 1995.

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United States. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Veterinary Services. Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health. Biosecurity on U.S. feedlots. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health, 2012.

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United States. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Veterinary Services. Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health. Water quality in U.S. feedlots. Fort Collins, Colo.?]: APHIS, 2000.

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United States. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Veterinary Services. Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health. and National Animal Health Monitoring System (U.S.), eds. Water quality in U.S. feedlots. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, 2000.

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United States. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Veterinary Services. Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health. and National Animal Health Monitoring System (U.S.), eds. Water quality in U.S. feedlots. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, 2000.

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United States. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Veterinary Services. Centers for Epidemiology and Plant Health. Injection practices in U.S. feedlots. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, APHIS, 2000.

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United States. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Veterinary Services. Centers for Epidemiology and Plant Health. and National Animal Health Monitoring System (U.S.), eds. Injection practices in U.S. feedlots. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, 2000.

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National Animal Health Monitoring System (U.S.) and United States. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Veterinary Services., eds. Injection practices in large feedlots. Fort Collins, Colo: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Veterinary Services, 1995.

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United States. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. Veterinary Services. Centers for Epidemiology and Plant Health. and National Animal Health Monitoring System (U.S.), eds. Injection practices in U.S. feedlots. Fort Collins, CO: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Feedlots"

1

Wagner, John J. "Animal Care Issues in Beef Cattle Feedlots." In The Welfare of Cattle, 205–9. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2018.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b21911-20.

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Sweeten, John M. "Manure and Wastewater Management for Cattle Feedlots." In Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 121–53. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1156-3_3.

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Denmead, O. Tom, Deli Chen, Doug Rowell, Zoe Loh, Julian Hill, Stephanie Muir, David W. T. Griffith, et al. "Gaseous Nitrogen Emissions from Australian Cattle Feedlots." In Nitrogen Deposition, Critical Loads and Biodiversity, 23–29. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7939-6_3.

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Carr, Mandi. "Beef Cattle Feedlots - How to Measure, Manage and Monitor." In Bovine Medicine, 543–48. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118948538.ch55.

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Norstadt, Fred A. "Locating Animal Feedlots and Managing Animal Wastes Applied to Land." In Planning the Uses and Management of Land, 733–61. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr21.c29.

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Greene, Gerald L. "Biological Control of Filth Flies in Confined Cattle Feedlots Using Pteromalid Parasites." In Biocontrol of Arthropods Affecting Livestock and Poultry, 29–42. New York: CRC Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429043338-3.

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Muir, S. K., D. Chen, D. Rowell, and J. Hill. "Development and validation of a biophysical model of enteric methane emissions from Australian beef feedlots." In Modelling nutrient digestion and utilisation in farm animals, 412–20. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-712-7_45.

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Matsushima, J. K. "Role in Feedlot Feeding." In Agronomy Monographs, 631–40. Madison, WI, USA: American Society of Agronomy, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronmonogr15.c28.

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Lee, Ji-woong, Hyun-joong Kang, Jeong-hwan Hwang, Meong-hun Lee, and Hyun Yoe. "A Study on Data Transmission Performance of Sensor Networks for Livestock Feedlot." In Future Generation Information Technology, 502–9. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17569-5_49.

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Sosulski, Krystyna, Sunmin Wang, W. M. Ingledew, Frank W. Sosulski, and Juming Tang. "Preprocessed Barley, Rye, and Triticale as a Feedstock for an Integrated Fuel Ethanol-Feedlot Plant." In Biotechnology for Fuels and Chemicals, 59–70. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2312-2_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Feedlots"

1

Edna B. Razote, Ronaldo G. Maghirang, Bernardo Z. Predicala, James P. Murphy, Brent W. Auvermann, Joseph P. Harner, III, and William L. Hargrove. "Dust-Emission Potential of Cattle Feedlots as Affected by Feedlot Surface Characteristics." In 2004, Ottawa, Canada August 1 - 4, 2004. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.16751.

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Roger A Eigenberg, Bryan L Woodbury, David B Parker, and Mindy J Spiehs. "Energy and Nutrient Recovery from Cattle Feedlots." In International Symposium on Air Quality and Manure Management for Agriculture Conference Proceedings, 13-16 September 2010, Dallas, Texas. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.32708.

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"Modelling feedlots using the MEDLI model framework." In 23rd International Congress on Modelling and Simulation (MODSIM2019). Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2019.c1.vieritz.

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Spiehs, Mindy J., and Bryan L. Woodbury. "Use of aluminum sulfate (alum) as a feedlot surface amendment to reduce ammonia emissions from beef feedlots." In 2018 Detroit, Michigan July 29 - August 1, 2018. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/aim.201801541.

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Lara B. Moody, Carl Pederson, Robert T. Burns, and Ishadeep Khanijo. "Vegetative Treatment Systems for Open Feedlot Runoff: Project Design and Monitoring Methods for Five Commercial Beef Feedlots." In 2006 Portland, Oregon, July 9-12, 2006. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.21143.

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John E Gilley and Gregory D Boone. "Hydraulic Characteristics of Unconsolidated Surface Materials Located Within Feedlots." In 2012 Dallas, Texas, July 29 - August 1, 2012. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.41794.

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Annamalai, K., C. J. Chen, B. Thien, and J. Sweeten. "Performance of a Co-Fired Boiler Burner With Water Injection." In ASME 2002 Engineering Technology Conference on Energy. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/etce2002/cae-29016.

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A Co-firing technology with coal:biomass blends is expected to reduce land application requirements for manure based biomass wastes, and provide a renewable, low cost, and zero net fossil based CO2 fuel. The choice of low BTU biomass fuels may include conventional agricultural or unconventional animal based biomass fuels depending upon local availability and transportation costs. For power plants located near feedlots where cattle are fattened for slaughter, the best choice of renewable biomass fuel is feedlot manure, properly referred to as feedlot biomass (FB). Coal can be mixed with FB in a 90:10 (coal:FB) ratio by mass and fired in existing boiler burners. A 30 KW (100,000 BTU/hr) boiler burner facility was built and tested for firing coal or coal-FB blends at Texas A&M University. FB has a moisture content ranging from 20% to 40% moisture, but most of the previous data have been generated using low moisture FB (<10% moisture) due to problems processing moist manure. The current work will investigate the effect of different moisture levels using external water injection. The boiler burner was modified with an air atomizing water injector. At a fixed equivalence ratio and swirl number for the secondary inlet air stream, the effect of different moisture levels and different biomass particles on boiler performance was investigated. NOx, O2, and CO profiles along the axis of the furnace were obtained. The effect of atomizing air on the co-firing performance was also investigated. The results are summarized as follows: just with atomizing air is the wter injector, the NOx concentrations increased from 350 ppm to 650 ppm while CO decreased from 46,000 ppm to 18,000 ppm. External water injection decreased the NOx pollutant emissions from 570 ppm (zero external water) to 300 ppm (40% water in FB), but increased CO emissions from 2,500 ppm (zero external water) to 10,500 ppm (40% water in FB) due to incomplete combustion. Smaller sized particles of FB in the blended fuel produced less NOx but more CO.
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R. K. Koelsch, B. L. Woodbury, D. E. Stenberg, D. N. Miller, and and D. D. Schulte. "Survey of Hydrogen Sulfide Concentrations in Vicinity of Beef Cattle Feedlots." In 2002 Chicago, IL July 28-31, 2002. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.10483.

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Laura M Pepple, Daniel Steven Andersen, Robert T Burns, and Lara B Moody. "Physical and Chemical Properties of Runoff from Beef Feedlots in Iowa." In International Symposium on Air Quality and Manure Management for Agriculture Conference Proceedings, 13-16 September 2010, Dallas, Texas. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.32683.

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Lara B Moody, Neil Heithoff, Robert T Burns, Carl Pederson, and Ishadeep Khanijo. "Settling Basin Design and Performance for Runoff Control from Beef Feedlots." In International Symposium on Air Quality and Waste Management for Agriculture, 16-19 September 2007, Broomfield, Colorado. St. Joseph, MI: American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.13031/2013.23874.

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Reports on the topic "Feedlots"

1

Busby, W. Darrell, Daniel D. Loy, and Dallas L. Maxwell. Management of Optaflexx in Feedlots that Sort Cattle Prior to Market. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-516.

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Busby, Darrell, Daniel D. Loy, and Dallas L. Maxwell. Management of Optaflexx in Feedlots that Sort Cattle prior to Market. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-215.

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Dolbeer, Richard A., and George M. Llnz. Blackbirds. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7207732.ws.

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The term blackbird loosely refers to a diverse group of about 10 species of North American birds that belong to the avian family Icteridae. The most common species include: Red-winged blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus, Common grackle (Quiscalus quiscula), Great-tailed grackle (Quiscalus mexicanus), Brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater), Yellow-headed blackbird (Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus), Brewer’s blackbird (Euphagus cyanocephalus), and Rusty blackbird (Euphagus carolinus). They can cause damage to crops and fruits. Some of them may cause damage to livestock feed in feedlots and some of them may be a cause for concern in the future, due to the potential for disease transmission, with their expanding range. There is potential to amplify and spread disease to humans such as avian influenza although there is no evidence that this happened. Blackbirds are native migratory birds, and thus come under the jurisdiction of the Federal Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA), a formal treaty with Canada, Mexico, Japan, and Russia. Blackbirds have federal protection in the U.S.
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Loy, Daniel D. State of Iowa Feedlot Summary 15 Years of Benchmarking Feedlot Performance. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-493.

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Apley, Michael, Brent Meyer, Annette O'Connor, David Villar, Bruce H. Janke, Kent Schwartz, and Karl Kersting. Case Report—Myonecrosis in Feedlot Cattle. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-552.

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Annamalai, Kalyan, John Sweeten, and Sayeed Mukhtar. CO-FIRING COAL: FEEDLOT AND LITTER BIOMASS FUELS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/785173.

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Annamalai, Kalyan, John Sweeten, and Sayeed Mukhtar. CO-FIRING COAL: FEEDLOT AND LITTER BIOMASS FUELS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/785176.

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Annamalai, Kalyan, John Sweeten, and Sayeed Mukhtar. CO-FIRING COAL: FEEDLOT AND LITTER BIOMASS FUELS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/785180.

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Unknown. CO-FIRING COAL: FEEDLOT AND LITTER BIOMASS FUELS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/799764.

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Unknown. CO-FIRING COAL: FEEDLOT AND LITTER BIOMASS FUELS. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/802587.

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