Relevant bibliographies by topics / Feeding ecology of bugs

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Academic literature on the topic 'Feeding ecology of bugs'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Feeding ecology of bugs"

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Gaire, Sudip, Coby Schal, Russell Mick, and Zachary DeVries. "The Role of Antennae in Heat Detection and Feeding Behavior in the Bed Bug (Hemiptera: Cimicidae)." Journal of Economic Entomology 113, no. 6 (October 31, 2020): 2858–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa250.

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Abstract The common bed bug (Cimex lectularius L.) is an obligate hematophagous ectoparasite that has significant impacts on human health and well-being. All life stages of bed bugs (except eggs) feed solely on blood, which is required to molt and reproduce. Bed bugs use multiple cues to locate their hosts, including heat, CO2, and body odors. Of these cues, detection of heat appears limited to a short distance of <3 cm. However, it remains unclear if bed bugs can detect radiant heat, what structure(s) are responsible for heat detection, and if heat detection via the antennae is required for feeding. In this study, bed bug response to radiant heat was evaluated using the two-choice T-maze assay with the heat source either in contact with the surface (i.e., conduction) or not in contact (i.e., radiation) in nonantennectomized bed bugs. Further, we systematically ablated the bed bug’s antennal segments (distal tip, first segment, and all four segments) and assessed their responses to heat and feeding in a unique two-choice T-maze assay and individual feeding assays, respectively. Our two-choice assays with contact to or no contact with the surface indicated that bed bugs cannot detect radiant heat. Later, we found that the distal tip of the terminal antennal segment is responsible for orientation toward a heat source. However, >50% of the bed bugs fed even when the entire antenna was removed, suggesting redundancy in sensory cues that drive feeding. These results will be used to better understand the role heat plays in bed bug host attraction and design of traps.
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Meyin A. Ebong, Solange, Gabriel E. García-Peña, Dominique Pluot-Sigwalt, Laurent Marsollier, Philippe Le Gall, Sara Eyangoh, and Jean-François Guégan. "Ecology and Feeding Habits Drive Infection of Water Bugs with Mycobacterium ulcerans." EcoHealth 14, no. 2 (March 17, 2017): 329–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10393-017-1228-y.

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Degenhardt, David C., Jeremy K. Greene, and Ahmad Khalilian. "Temporal Dynamics and Electronic Nose Detection of Stink Bug-Induced Volatile Emissions from Cotton Bolls." Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/236762.

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Management decisions for stink bugs (Pentatomidae) inBtcotton are complicated by time-consuming sampling methods, and there is a need for more efficient detection tools. Volatile compounds are released from cotton bolls in response to feeding by stink bugs, and electronic nose (E-nose) technology may be useful for detecting boll damage. In this study, we investigated the temporal dynamics of volatile emissions in response to feeding by stink bugs and tested the ability of E-nose to discriminate between odors from healthy and injured bolls. Feeding by stink bugs led to an approximate 2.4-fold increase in volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions. Principal components analysis of E-nose sensor data showed distinct (100%) separation between stink bug-injured and healthy bolls after two days of feeding. However, when E-nose was used to randomly identify samples, results were less accurate (80–90%). These results suggest that E-nose is a promising technology for rapid detection of stink bug injury to cotton.
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Young, S. Y., J. K. Greene, and G. M. Lorenz. "Damage to Soybean by Acrosternum hilare (Say) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae)." Journal of Entomological Science 43, no. 3 (July 1, 2008): 257–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.18474/0749-8004-43.3.257.

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A series of field-cage experiments were conducted in 2002 and 2003 in southeast Arkansas to measure the impact of feeding by green stink bug, Acrosternum hilare (Say), on soybean yield and seed damage. Stink bugs were collected from local soybean fields and released in 1.8 × 1.8 × 1.8 m walk-in screen cages at densities of 0, 3, 9, and 18 bugs per row-m on maturity group (MG) IV and MG V soybean at different stages of crop phenological development. Damaged seed at harvest was significantly related to caged density of A. hilare in most of the cage experiments. Yield loss was associated with density of caged bugs in 7 of 11 different experiments and ranged from 13.4–60.5 kg/ha (0.2–0.9 bu/a) lost per bug per row-m. MG IV and MG V soybean were similarly impacted by density of A. hilare when exposed at the same stage of crop development. Feeding by small and large nymphs at early (R2–R3) and mid (R5–R6) reproductive stages resulted in significant yield loss. Feeding damage was apparent on late reproductive stage soybean (R7–R8), but no measurable impact on yield was observed. This suggested that thresholds could be raised or control efforts could be terminated for stink bugs infesting R7–R8 stage soybean. Damage due to feeding by stink bugs is related to various factors, but crop phenology, density of bugs, and length of infestation time are consistent and predictable influences that are interrelated, and all should be considered in determining the need to control field populations.
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Foster, Jarryd D., Allan G. Ellis, Llewellyn C. Foxcroft, Scott P. Carroll, and Johannes Le Roux. "The potential evolutionary impact of invasive balloon vines on native soapberry bugs in South Africa." NeoBiota 49 (July 25, 2019): 19–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.49.34245.

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Following their establishment in new communities, invasive species may cause evolutionary changes in resident native species. This is clearly true for phytophagous insects, which may adapt rapidly when utilising abundant and widespread introduced hosts. The balloon vines Cardiospermumhalicacabum and C.grandiflorum were introduced to South Africa approximately 100 years ago and are classified as minor and major weeds, respectively. Here we assess the potential evolutionary impact of these vines on native Leptocoris soapberry bug populations in Kruger National Park (KNP), using phylogenetic and morphometric analyses. We found that soapberry bugs associated with C.halicacabum are genetically and morphologically distinct from those associated with C.grandiflorum. This suggests that native soapberry bugs in KNP exhibit some degree of host preference, indicating that these vines may have had significant evolutionary consequences for these insects. The proboscis length of soapberry bugs feeding on C.halicacabum closely matched fruit size, often being longer than fruit size at the population level. These soapberry bugs are therefore well-suited to feeding on this introduced plant species.
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Talbot, Benoit, Nusha Keyghobadi, and Brock Fenton. "Bed bugs: The move to humans as hosts." FACETS 4, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/facets-2018-0038.

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Cimicid insects, bed bugs and their allies, include about 100 species of blood-feeding ectoparasites. Among them, a few have become widespread and abundant pests of humans. Cimicids vary in their degree of specialization to hosts. Whereas most species specialize on insectivorous birds or bats, the common bed bug can feed on a range of distantly related host species, such as bats, humans, and chickens. We suggest that association with humans and generalism in bed bugs led to fundamentally different living conditions that fostered rapid growth and expansion of their populations. We propose that the evolutionary and ecological success of common bed bugs reflected exploitation of large homeothermic hosts (humans) that sheltered in buildings. This was a departure from congeners whose hosts are much smaller and often heterothermic. We argue that interesting insights into the biology of pest species may be obtained using an integrated view of their ecology and evolution.
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Lucini, Tiago, and Antônio R. Panizzi. "Electropenetrographic Comparison of Feeding Behavior of Dichelops furcatus (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) on Soybean and Spring Cereals." Journal of Economic Entomology 113, no. 4 (June 2, 2020): 1796–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jee/toaa114.

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Abstract We used electropenetrography to quantify and compare counts and durations of selected waveforms, produced by adult females of the stink bug Dichelops furcatus (F.). Insects fed on immature soybean pods and immature seed heads of four spring cereals: wheat, black oat, barley, and rye. On all foods, bugs spent over 60% of their plant access time in non-probing activities. This total waveform duration was significantly longer on barley and rye compared to those on soybean and oat; wheat was intermediate. Considering only probing activities, bugs spent longer durations (ca. 2×), on soybean and oat compared to barley, rye, and wheat plants. Bugs produced significantly more pathway events on soybean and rye than on wheat and barley; with a significantly shorter duration per event on rye. The counts and durations of xylem ingestion did not differ among foods. Cell rupturing activities on seeds were longer on soybean (ca. 23%) and oat (ca. 21%), than on barley and rye (ca. 6%). The durations of ingestion events on seeds were significantly shorter on soybean (over 3×) compared to those on barley and wheat; oat and rye were intermediate. However, the ingestion duration per insect did not show significant difference among foods. Results demonstrated that D. furcatus spent more time overall in probing activities on soybean and oat; whereas, rye and barley presented the worst feeding behavior. This study provides important background information for further quantitative studies of stink bugs on different plants, such as development of resistant host plants.
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Culliney, Thomas W., David Pimentel, Ofelia S. Namuco, and Barbara A. Capwell. "NEW OBSERVATIONS OF PREDATION BY PLANT BUGS (HEMIPTERA: MIRIDAE)." Canadian Entomologist 118, no. 7 (July 1986): 729–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4039/ent118729-7.

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During the course of a census of arthropods in a collard crop (Brassica oleraceavar.acephala) (Cruciferae) in central New York State in summer 1985, the authors witnessed frequent incidents of unusual feeding behavior in mirid bugs. In late July and early August, numerous observations were made by three of the authors (TWC, OSN, and BAC) of apparent feeding by nymphal (2nd–4th instar) and adult tarnished plant bugs,Lygus linolaris(Palisot de Beauvois), on cocoons ofApanteles glomeratus(L.), a braconid parasitoid of the imported cabbageworm,Pieris rapae(L.). The predation occurred in a period of unusually highP. rapaepopulation densities (estimated at 150 000 ha−1), whenA. glomeratuscocoons were abundant on collard leaves.
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Holopainen, Jarmo K., Jaana Tuhkalainen, Pirjo Kainulainen, and Heli Satka. "Treating Scots pine seedlings with the herbicide atrazine does not affect shoot chemistry or feeding and oviposition by Lygusrugulipennis." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 22, no. 4 (April 1, 1992): 588–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x92-078.

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Polyphagous Lygus (Heteroptera: Miridae) bugs, which have one of the widest documented host-plant ranges, have accepted nursery-grown conifer seedlings as host plants only recently. One explanation for this adaptation to the conifer nursery environment could be the increased attractiveness of conifer seedlings due to herbicide treatments. In three laboratory experiments, we tested whether atrazine treatments (2 or 4 kg•ha−1) affected shoot chemistry of pine seedlings and the feeding and oviposition behaviour of the European tarnished plant bug, Lygusrugulipennis Popp. Shoot growth of the pine seedlings was decreased by the atrazine treatment (2 kg•ha−1) in only one experiment. The number of feeding lesions caused by Lygus bugs and the number of eggs laid per seedling were not affected by herbicide treatments, nor was the proportion of seedlings damaged. Concentrations of total amino acids were not affected by the herbicide in any of the experiments. In one experiment, the level of lysine was increased in the atrazine treatment. Terpenes and resin acids were analysed only in one experiment, and total concentrations of these defence compounds were not affected by atrazine. Dominant monoterpenes were α-pinene and 3-carene, the latter varying strongly between individual seedlings. Abietic acid and neoabietic acid were the dominant abietane and pimarane resin acids. The results suggest that applications of atrazine are not likely to reduce the resistance of pine seedlings to Lygus bugs. Herbicides may have an indirect effect by reducing the availability of alternative host plants for bugs. Other potential causes for increased numbers of Lygus bugs on nursery-grown conifer seedlings are discussed.
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Karban, Richard, and Gregory Lowenberg. "Feeding by seed bugs and weevils enhances germination of wild Gossypium species." Oecologia 92, no. 2 (November 1992): 196–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00317364.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Feeding ecology of bugs"

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Brown, Lydia Marie, and Lydia Marie Brown. "Biology, Ecology, and Economics of Brown Stink Bug, Euschistus servus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), in Desert Cotton Agroecosystems." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625340.

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Brown stink bug, Euschistus servus (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), is a recently re-emerged pest of cotton in Arizona. It has been present in southwestern desert-grown cotton since at least the early 1900’s, but dropped from primary pest status in the latter half of the twentieth century. Farmers and pest managers did not perceive it as a primary or economic pest until 2011, when elevated numbers of brown stink bugs were reported in isolated valleys of Arizona and southeastern California. Reports increased and became more widespread in the following years. In response to increased abundance of brown stink bug and corresponding cotton boll injury, research was needed to provide information to cotton farmers. First, pest managers needed information on which factors affect the susceptibility of cotton bolls to stink bug feeding (chapter 1). Young bolls are most vulnerable to stink bug injury, and injury is sustained in the first four days of feeding. In addition, research was needed to determine the effects of currently available brown stink bug chemical controls on the broader integrated pest management system in Arizona cotton (chapter 2). Current chemical control options disrupt natural enemy communities, which results in outbreaks and resurgences of other cotton pests. The negative outcomes and additional costs outweigh the benefits of brown stink bug management.
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Manship, Brendan Anthony David. "The feeding ecology of deposit-feeding holothurians." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318807.

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Drazen, Jeffrey C. "Feeding ecology of Pacific macrourids /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3035913.

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Batista, Michela Costa. "Feeding ecology of green lacewings." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2016. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/11859.

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Submitted by Nathália Faria da Silva (nathaliafsilva.ufv@gmail.com) on 2017-10-03T14:58:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1535650 bytes, checksum: 3f7a877b6b568460f4e6f26fa968315f (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-03T14:58:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1535650 bytes, checksum: 3f7a877b6b568460f4e6f26fa968315f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-23
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Para que os inimigos naturais encontrem as plantas e se estabeleçam em uma área de cultivo para fornecer o serviço de controle biológico, eles precisam ser atraídos para o local, sobreviver, reproduzirem-se e serem capazes de predar as pragas presentes nesse cultivo. Geralmente, a atração de inimigos naturais está direta ou indiretamente ligada às necessidades alimentares. Uma vez atraídos para a área, as fontes de alimento no cultivo e arredores devem ser apropriadas para promover o crescimento e estabelecimento das populações desses inimigos naturais. Nosso objetivo foi entender aspectos chave da ecologia alimentar de crisopídeos, predadores generalistas encontrados naturalmente em agroecossistemas e comumente comercializados como agentes de controle biológico. No Capítulo I, avaliamos a atratividade de espécies de plantas aromáticas a Ceraeochrysa cubana Hagen, uma espécie de crisopídeo com ampla distribuição geográfica e que pode ser encontrada em diversos sistemas de cultivo. Adicionalmente, foram testados os efeitos dessas plantas aromáticas na sobrevivência e performance de larvas e adultos de C. cubana, a fim de elucidar a importância dessas plantas para o estabelecimento de populações de crisopídeos. Constatamos que plantas de Ocimum basilicum (manjericão) sem flores e não infestadas foram atrativas para C. cubana, e que as larvas podem sobreviver em O. basilicum por um período de tempo maior em comparação com as outras espécies de plantas aromáticas avaliadas. Adicionalmente, as flores de O. basilicum proporcionaram uma sobrevivência longa para larvas e adultos de C. cubana, em comparação com o controle negativo (água). Os resultados indicam que a utilização de O. basilicum como um componente de diversificação em áreas agrícolas pode ser benéfico para a atração e manutenção de populações de C. cubana para favorecer o controle biológico. No Capítulo II, foi estudada a amplitude de dieta de Chrysoperla rufilabris Burmeister, uma espécie de crisopídeo comumente usada e comercializada como agente de controle biológico, com 16 espécies de afideos, avaliando-se a qualidade dessas espécies para a sobrevivência e o fitness desse predador generalista. Os resultados mostraram que C rufilabris se alimentou de todas as espécies de afideo oferecidas. No entanto, esse crisopídeo se desenvolveu e produziu ovos apenas quando alimentado por sete das 16 espécies avaliadas, estando a maioria destas espécies agrupadas em um mesmo ramo filogenético. Também foi encontrado um forte sinal filogenético para a sobrevivência, consumo de afídeos e produção de ovos de C. ruleabris, indicando que a maioria das espécies apropriadas a C. ruleabris são filogeneticamente próximas, o que demonstra que essa espécie de crisopídeo é menos generalista do que se havia suposto. Assim, C. ruleabris pode não se beneficiar de uma grande amplitude de presas e isso deve ser levado em consideração no planejamento de estratégias de controle biológico que visem utilizar esse crisopídeo. Conclui-se que o conhecimento sobre a ecologia alimentar de agentes de controle biológico é essencial antes da escolha das espécies a serem liberadas ou atraídas e mantidas em uma área cultivada. Nesse sentido, O. basilicum é uma espécie de planta aromática promissora para atrair e manter populações de crisopídeos no campo. Além da atratividade, é importante considerar a filogenia das presas em estudos de amplitude de dieta de predadores generalistas a fim de se obter melhores resultados em programas de controle biológico.
Biological control is a pest management strategy that relies on the action of natural enemies to control the populations of herbivores, minimizing their damage on cultivated areas. For natural enemies to find and establish in a cropping area to provide biological control services they need to be attracted to the area, survive, reproduce, and be capable of preying on the pests present in the crop. Usually, natural enemy attraction is direct or indirectly linked with feeding needs. Once attracted to the area, the food resources in the crop and surroundings must be suitable to promote population growth and establishment of natural enemies populations. Therefore, the aim of this thesis was to understand key aspects of the feeding ecology of green lacewings, generalist predators naturally found in agroecosystems and commonly commercialized as biological control agents. On Chapter I, we assessed the attractiveness of aromatic plant species to Ceraeochrysa cabana Hagen, a lacewing species with a broad geographical range that can be found in several cropping systems. Additionally, we tested the effects of those aromatic plants on survival and performance of larvae and adults of C. cabana, in order to elucidate the importance of such plant species to the establishment of green lacewing populations. We found that non-flowering and uninfested Ocimam basilicam (basil) plants were attractive to C. cabana, and that larvae could survive for a longer period of time in O. basilicam leaves compared to the other aromatic plant species tested. Additionally, O. basilicam flowers promoted a long survival for larvae and adults of C. cabana, compared to the negative control (water). Results indicate that using O. basilicam as a diversification component in cultivated areas may be beneficial to attract and maintain C. cabana populations to support biological control. On chapter II, we studied the diet breadth of Chrysoperla rafilabris Burmeister, a green lacewing commonly used and commercialized as a biological control agent, over 16 aphid species, assessing the quality of those species on survival and fitness of this generalist predator. Results demonstrated that C. rafilabris preyed over all the aphid species, but could develop and produce eggs only in seven species, most of them from the same cluster in a phylogenetic tree. We also found a strong phylogenetic signal for survival, aphid consumption and egg load of C. rafilabris, indicating that most of the species more suitable to C. rufilabris were closely related, which demonstrate that this green lacewing species is less generalist than it was supposed. Thus, C. rufilabris may not benefit from a broad prey range and that has to be taken into consideration when planning biological control strategies using this green lacewing species. In conclusion, knowledge on the feeding ecology of biological control agents is essential before choosing the species to be released or that to be attracted to and to maintain in the cropping system. In this sense, O. basilicum is a promising aromatic plant species to attract and maintain lacewing populations in the field. Additionally to attractiveness, it is important to consider prey phylogeny in the study of generalist predators diet breadth in order to have better results in biological control programs.
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Gökce, M. A. "Reproductive biology and feeding ecology of gurnards." Thesis, Swansea University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.637060.

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Tub (Trigla lucerna), Red (Aspitrigla cuculus) and Grey (Eutrigla gurnardus) gurnards exhibit a distinct reproductive cycle. The spawning periods of Tub, Red and Grey gurnard occur from March to July, February to August and February to July respectively. The spawning periods of all three species commence at a minimum sea temperature (approximately 8°C) with the onset of increasing daylength and cease with the onset of decreasing daylength. A highly significant correlation was found between absolute fecundity and total weight of all three species. The relative fecundities of the three species are similar, 234-414 per g body weight for Tub, 271-377 per g body weight for Red and 306-551 per g body weight for Grey gurnard. The ovaries of Tub, Red and Grey gurnard can be characterised as asynchronous ovaries. Histological and ultrastructural studies reveal that these three species have similar oocyte development patterns. There was no hiatus or gap observed in the recruitment of oocytes from the PGP into the SGP or between the different oocyte developmental stages. Two types of yolk inclusions are formed: Lipid vesicles which appear in the mid and outer cortex indicate the initiation of the SGP and later migrate to the inner cortex and coalesce into a single lipid mass and protein yolk granules which initially form as small granules in the outer cortex of the cytoplasm. On maturation they fuse into large granules packing the cortical cytoplasm. In all three species Crustaceans and Teleosts are the preferred prey. Red gurnard had the broadest diet, Grey gurnard had the narrowest. The lowest diet overlap was observed between Grey and Red and the highest between Grey and Tub gurnards. This considerable diet overlap occurring between Grey and Tub gurnard may lead to interspecific competition for food.
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Murphy, David. "The feeding ecology of bellbirds at Craigieburn." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Zoology, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6975.

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This thesis investigated the feeding ecology of bell birds, Anthornis melanura (Aves: Meliphagidae), at Craigieburn Forest Park to find out what, if any, aspect of the bellbirds' ecology may be limiting the pollination and possibly dispersal of two mistletoe species (peraxilla tetrapetala and Alepis flavida) in the area (shown by Ladley and Kelly, 1995b, 1996; Robertson et al., in press). Two hypotheses were tested to explain why bellbirds may not be making an adequate number of visits to mistletoe plants. The first is that there are non-mistletoe foods which are more energetically valuable to bellbirds than mistletoe fruits and nectar and so make up a larger proportion of the bellbird diet during mistletoe fruiting and flowering seasons. The second is that bellbirds concentrated on mistletoe foods when available but the numbers of bell birds at Craigiebum are too low to allow sufficient pollination and dispersal. To answer these questions, the bellbird diet, the energetic value of their food resources, and bellbird numbers were sampled over a twelve month period. Direct observation of the bellbird diet showed that they are annual generalists, on invertebrates (annual mean of 54% of bell bird diet, range 22-85%) and honeydew (annual mean of 22% of the bellbird diet, range 2-45%), and seasonal specialists, on mistletoe fruit (mean of 40% of the bellbird diet while available, range 18-60%) and nectar (mean of 39% of the bellbird diet while available, range 27-58%). The energy value of invertebrates dominated the available food energy with an annual mean of 14,255 kJ/ha (range 8,695-22,876 kJ/ha). Honeydew was the only other food source that was available all year with an annual mean energy value of 2,518 kJ/ha (range 1,199-3,283 kJ/ha). Mistletoe fruit and nectar featured prominently in the bellbird diet (18-60%) in the fruiting and flowering season even though their energy values were low with a seasonal mean energy of 2,867 kJ/ha (range 1,467-5,125 kJ/ha) for mistletoe fruit, and 3,658 kJ/ha (range 400-10,050 kJ/ha) for mistletoe nectar. This suggested that mistletoe fruit and nectar could be more valuable to the bellbirds than indicated by the measured energy values (kJ/ha) alone. One third of the variation in the bellbird diet could be explained by changing energy values of major food resources which suggests that the bellbird diet responds to the energy value of foods. As mistletoe fruit and nectar were preferred foods when in season, and the bellbird index of density was low at Craigieburn when compared to other sites, I concluded that it was the possible low number of bell birds in the area, and not their choice of diet, which was limiting mistletoe pollination, and possibly dispersal The possible low number of bell birds in the area could have been explained by the population being food limited. The time bellbirds spent foraging (feeding plus locomotion time) was a low percentage of their time budget (mean of 39%, range of 31-60%). This did not change significantly from winter to spring. If the values for late January and February were dropped, because of possible pressures from feeding nestlings, there was a significant decrease in the foraging percentage of the bellbird's time budget from winter to summer. However, when corrected for change in daylength, the hours spent foraging each day were not significantly different between seasons (mean of 4.7 hours foraging and a range of 3.6-5.7 hours) suggesting that bellbirds were not seriously limited by the availability of food. The possible low bellbird density could be a result of introduced vertebrate predators such as stoats which have had a negative impact on the populations of other native birds in New Zealand (pierce, 1993; Elliott, 1996; Elliott et al., 1996; O'Donnell, 1996; Wilson et al., 1998).
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Sawada, Akiko. "Digestion and feeding ecology of Japanese macaques." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/158104.

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Lancaster, Jason. "Identification and Functional Characterization of Sesquiterpene Pheromone Biosynthetic Genes in Stink Bugs (Pentatomidae)." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/96290.

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The stink bugs, (Pentatomidae) harlequin bug (Murgantia histrionica), brown marmorated stink bug (Halyomorpha halys), and southern green stink bug (Nezara viridula) are significant agricultural pests both in the United States and globally. The aggregation or sex pheromones produced by these insects are known to be bisabolene-type sesquiterpenoids; however, the biosynthetic pathways in the formation of these pheromones are unknown. Here we provide evidence that Pentatomidae produce sesquiterpene aggregation pheromones de novo and discuss the evolution of terpene biosynthesis in stink bugs. According to transcriptome analyses, the investigated stink bug species express at least two isoprenyl diphosphate synthases (IDSs), one of which makes (E,E)-farnesyl diphosphate (FPP) as the general precursor in sesquiterpene synthesis, whereas other IDS-type proteins function as terpene synthases (TPSs) generating intermediates in sesquiterpene pheromone formation. The TPS genes are expressed in a sex- and tissue-specific manner. Based on phylogenetic analysis, these IDS-type TPSs arose from trans-IDS progenitors in divergence from bona fide IDS proteins. Compared to microbes and plants, the evolution of TPS function from IDS progenitors in insects appears to have occurred more recently. The discovery of TPS genes in stink bugs provides valuable insight into pentatomid and insect terpene biosynthesis. Moreover, the identified genes may be used in developing alternative management strategies for stink bug pests.
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9

Nakabayashi, Miyabi. "Feeding ecology of three frugivorous civets in Borneo." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/199151.

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Risebrow, A. J. "Specialist and generalist feeding strategies in aphids." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374295.

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Books on the topic "Feeding ecology of bugs"

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Kite, L. Patricia. Blood-feeding bugs and beasts. Brookfield, CT: Millbrook Press, 1995.

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Feeding ecology of fish. San Diego: Academic Press, 1994.

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Fullick, Ann. Feeding relationships. Oxford: Heinemann Library, 2006.

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Fullick, Ann. Feeding relationships. Chicago, Ill: Heinemann Library, 2005.

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Green, Jen. Feeding the people. London: Chrysalis Children's, 2004.

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Green, Jen. Feeding the people. North Mankato, MN: Chrysalis Education, 2004.

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Panizzi, Antônio Ricardo, Tiago Lucini, and Paula Levin Mitchell. Electronic Monitoring of Feeding Behavior of Phytophagous True Bugs (Heteroptera). Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64674-5.

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J, Stouder Deanna, Fresh Kurt L, Feller Robert J, and Belle W. Baruch Institute for Marine Biology and Coastal Research., eds. Theory and application in fish feeding ecology. Columbia, S.C: Published for the Belle W. Baruch Institute for Marine Biology and Coastal Research by the University of South Carolina Press, 1992.

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Krapu, Gary L. Feeding ecology of pintail hens during reproduction. [Washington, D.C.?: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1985.

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Feeding to digestion. London: Gloucester Press, 1992.

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Book chapters on the topic "Feeding ecology of bugs"

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Esteban, Genoveva F., and Tom M. Fenchel. "Feeding." In Ecology of Protozoa, 33–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-59979-9_4.

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Mills, M. G. L. "Feeding ecology." In Kalahari Hyenas, 14–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1244-4_2.

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Mills, M. G. L. "Feeding ecology." In Kalahari Hyaenas, 14–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-1101-8_2.

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Wootton, Robert J. "Feeding." In Ecology of Teleost Fishes, 32–72. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0829-1_3.

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Furness, R. W., and P. Monaghan. "Seabird Feeding Ecology." In Seabird Ecology, 23–34. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2093-7_3.

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Wootton, R. J. "Feeding and Growth." In Fish Ecology, 98–131. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3832-1_5.

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Fenchel, Tom. "Ecological Physiology: Feeding." In Ecology of Protozoa, 32–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-25981-8_3.

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Fenchel, Tom. "Ecological Physiology: Feeding." In Ecology of Protozoa, 32–52. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-06817-5_3.

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Hangay, George, Susan V. Gruner, F. W. Howard, John L. Capinera, Eugene J. Gerberg, Susan E. Halbert, John B. Heppner, et al. "Mosquito Larval Feeding Ecology." In Encyclopedia of Entomology, 2467–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_4698.

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Grazia, Jocélia, Felipe L. Simões, and Antônio R. Panizzi. "Morphology, Ontogeny, Reproduction, and Feeding of True Bugs." In True Bugs (Heteroptera) of the Neotropics, 21–55. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9861-7_2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Feeding ecology of bugs"

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Regmi, Anil. "Feeding Ecology of Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) in Himalaya." In 5th European Congress of Conservation Biology. Jyväskylä: Jyvaskyla University Open Science Centre, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.17011/conference/eccb2018/107179.

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Barrozo, Romina. "Salts control feeding decisions in kissing bugs: Linking peripheral detection to behavior." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.94916.

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Prebble, Clare E. M., Christoph A. Rohner, Simon J. Pierce, and C. Trueman. "Inter-annual feeding ecology of resident whale sharks from Mafia Island, Tanzania." In The 4th International Whale Shark Conference. Hamad bin Khalifa University Press (HBKU Press), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.5339/qproc.2016.iwsc4.42.

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Ameline, Arnaud. "Chemical ecology of virus-infected Brassicaceae and impact on aphid vector feeding and colonization." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.92258.

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Freire-Jr., Geraldo, Hernani Oliveira, Thayane Silva, Hanna Pamela, Joao Paulo Dias, Jessie Santos, Onildo Marini-Filho, André Freitas, and Ivone Diniz. "Good Things Come in Larger Packages: Size Matters in Neotropical Fruit-Feeding Butterfly Dispersal <sup>†</sup>." In 1st International Electronic Conference on Biological Diversity, Ecology and Evolution. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bdee2021-09391.

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Cooper, Richard. "Behavioral ecology of the common bed bug,Cimex lectularius, and its implications in the management of bed bugs." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.94302.

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Glynn, Amanda N. "FEEDING ECOLOGY OF FISH FROM THE GREEN RIVER FORMATION (EOCENE): EVIDENCE FROM JAW AND SKULL MORPHOLOGY." In GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-287393.

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Tillman, Glynn. "Multifunctional strategies for management of stink bugs based on the ecology and biology of these pests and their natural enemies." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.93692.

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Молчанова, Елена, Виталий Баркар, and Е. Трибунцова. "Разведение хищных клопов Orius для защиты растений от вредителей." In International Scientific Symposium "Plant Protection – Achievements and Prospects". Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/9789975347204.31.

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Experiments were carried out with Orius laevigatus (Fieber, 1860) from laboratory population. For breeding orius used: reproductive cage; the bowl for the hydroponic garden; the cage for raising the predator; bean plants. Feeding was carried out with pre-frozen eggs of the grain moth. Bean plants with bug eggs remained viable until larvae emerged from them. The largest number of bugs was obtained during the first 14 days.
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Gordon, Eric Robert Lucien. "Turning a good bug bad: Comparative analysis of salivary proteins and symbioses in blood-feeding kissing bugs (Reduviidae: Triatominae) and their predatory relatives." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.108330.

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