Academic literature on the topic 'Feed industry Australia'
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Journal articles on the topic "Feed industry Australia"
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Alford, A. R., R. S. Hegarty, P. F. Parnell, O. J. Cacho, R. M. Herd, and G. R. Griffith. "The impact of breeding to reduce residual feed intake on enteric methane emissions from the Australian beef industry." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 46, no. 7 (2006): 813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea05300.
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The expected reduction in methane emissions from the Australian beef herd resulting from using bulls identified as being more feed efficient as a result of having a lower residual feed intake (RFI) was modelled, both in a single herd in southern Australia and in the national herd. A gene flow model was developed to simulate the spread of improved RFI genes through a breeding herd over 25 years, from 2002 to 2026. Based on the estimated gene flow, the voluntary feed intakes were revised annually for all beef classes using livestock populations taken from the Australian National Greenhouse Gas Inventory (NGGI). Changes in emissions (kg methane/animal.year) associated with the reduction in feed intake were then calculated using NGGI procedures. Annual enteric methane emissions from both the individual and national herd were calculated by multiplying the livestock numbers in each beef class by the revised estimates of emissions per animal. For an individual adopting herd, the annual methane abatement in year 25 of selection was 15.9% lower than in year 1. For the national herd, differential lags and limits to adoption were assumed for northern and southern Australia. The cumulative reduction in national emissions was 568 100 t of methane over 25 years, with annual emissions in year 25 being 3.1% lower than in year 1. It is concluded that selection for reduced RFI will lead to substantial and lasting methane abatement, largely as a consequence of its implementation as a breeding objective for the grazing beef herd.
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Rowlands, William. "Challenges and opportunities for fossil fuels in a carbon - constrained world – an Australian perspective." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria 126, no. 2 (2014): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rs14013.
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With climate change undeniable, what are Australia’s opportunities for achieving more controlled greenhouse gases releases, while still using fossil fuels? How does this interplay with the reduction of fossil crude oil supply and the increasing shift in Australia towards importing finished products, declining refinery infrastructure and consequently reduction in the availability of chemical feed stocks for the local chemical industry? In fact, will there be an Australian chemicals and refining industry 30 years from now? The talk discussed these questions and aimed to outline a vision for Australia that might successfully deal with some of their aspects. Furthermore, this vision will be partially translated and exemplified with our lignite value add project in Victoria.
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Moore, Robert J. "Necrotic enteritis in chickens: an important disease caused by Clostridium perfringens." Microbiology Australia 36, no. 3 (2015): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma15041.
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Clostridium perfringens, a spore-forming, Gram-positive, anaerobic bacterium, causes a variety of diseases throughout the animal kingdom. Each disease in each animal species tends to be caused by particular strains of C. perfringens and is defined by the tissue tropism and toxin profile of the bacteria. In chickens toxinotype A strains cause necrotic enteritis; a disease characterised by tissue damage to the proximal regions of the small intestine. In extreme cases the disease can be lethal but is more commonly seen as a sub-clinical disease that causes welfare issues and productivity losses within the poultry industry. The disease is currently well controlled in Australia by good management practices and, for some poultry producers, the use of antibiotics in the feed. However, the disease does cause significant issues in other regions including North America and Europe. In Europe there was a spike of necrotic enteritis disease when antibiotics were withdrawn from animal feeds. It is probable that the disease will become more of an issue in the Australian poultry industry as in-feed antibiotic use is reduced. Therefore, other methods of disease control are under investigation, including the development of vaccines.
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Wales, W. J., and E. S. Kolver. "Challenges of feeding dairy cows in Australia and New Zealand." Animal Production Science 57, no. 7 (2017): 1366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an16828.
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There is a continuing evolution of feeding systems in both Australian and New Zealand dairy industries and this presents challenges for the future. Since the turn of the century, the two countries have diverged in industry growth characteristics, with Australian dairying having contracted, with 10% less milk being produced because of 20% fewer cows producing 15% more per cow, whereas New Zealand dairying has expanded, producing 83% more milk driven by a 54% increase in cow numbers and a 31% increase in milk production per cow. Solutions to optimise feed efficiency included the common themes of (1) growing more forage on farm, (2) increasing its utilisation and (3) more efficient use of supplements resulting in increases in DM intake, and they remain relevant. In New Zealand, many of the recent research activities have aimed at improving feed supply while limiting environmental impacts driven by increasing societal concern surrounding the environmental footprint of a growing and intensifying agricultural sector. In Australia, many of the recent research activities have aimed at improving feed efficiency, with a focus on understanding situations where partial mixed ration feeding systems (Australian Farm Systems 3 and 4) are sustainable. Simply growing more feed on farm can no longer be a sole objective; farms must be operated with a view to reduce the environmental footprint, with New Zealand dairy farmers increasingly needing to farm within nitrogen limits. The present review revisits and reinforces many of the concepts developed in previous reviews, but also examines the evolution of feeding systems in both countries and opportunities to improve feed efficiency and profit, while satisfying public expectations around environmental stewardship. We also identify some of the gaps in the current knowledge that warrant further research.
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Arthur, P. F., J. A. Archer, and R. M. Herd. "Feed intake and efficiency in beef cattle: overview of recent Australian research and challenges for the future." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 44, no. 5 (2004): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea02162.
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In the last 10 years, there have been 3 major research and development projects in Australia on the efficiency of feed utilisation by beef cattle. The primary objective of these projects has been to examine individual animal variation in feed efficiency and its exploitation for genetic improvement in beef cattle. The results of these projects indicate that genetic variation in feed efficiency exists in Australian beef herds, that feed efficiency is moderately heritable and that the potential exists to reduce the cost of beef production through selection for efficient cattle. These results have been further developed for industry application through the generation of BREEDPLAN estimated breeding values for net (or residual) feed intake (a feed efficiency trait) for Angus and Hereford–Polled Hereford breeds. Although economic analyses have indicated substantial benefit from selection for feed efficiency, the high initial cost of identifying animals which are superior for feed efficiency is a barrier to rapid adoption of the technology. Developing cost-effective methods of implementing the feed efficiency technology is thus an on-going research activity. Challenges for the future include: the development and use of more sophisticated statistical analyses procedures (such as random regression) for feed intake and efficiency evaluation; development of accurate methods of assessing individual animal feed intake at pasture; the adoption of a whole-production system approach to feed utilisation; and better integration of the disciplines of genetics and nutrition. The outcomes from research in the efficiency of feed utilisation in beef cattle have wider applications, not only in other livestock species, but also in human energetics, such as the control of obesity.
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Lähteenmäki-Uutela, A., S. B. Marimuthu, and N. Meijer. "Regulations on insects as food and feed: a global comparison." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 7, no. 5 (August 13, 2021): 849–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2020.0066.
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Insects, as a food and or feed source, represent an emerging protein source relevant to farmers, feed companies, food companies and food marketers globally. The growth of this industry is somewhat restricted due to outdated food and feed regulations covering insect use. The regulations also do not allow the use of all potential insects as food and feed. Governments aim to ensure food and feed safety, and each country has its own substantive and procedural rules for this purpose. However, the regulatory demands and differences between countries complicate the international marketing strategies for insect products. Food and feed regulation are separate; feed regulation may allow insect usage even when they are not allowed as food. Some countries have specific rules for novel foods, while others do not. This paper compares insect food and feed regulation of the primary production and marketing areas: the European Union, the United States, Canada, and Australia. In addition, the situation in selected countries in Central and South America, Asia and Africa is also discussed.
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Rugoho, Innocent, Hayden Lewis, Muhammad Islam, Andrew McAllister, Gemma Heemskerk, Andrew Gourley, and Cameron Gourley. "Quantifying dairy farm nutrient fluxes and balances for improved assessment of environmental performance." Animal Production Science 58, no. 9 (2018): 1656. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an16440.
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Excess nutrients are challenging the long-term sustainability of grazing-based dairy farming. Whole-farm nutrient-mass balance (NMB) is a well recognised approach to improve on-farm nutrient management decisions. In the present paper, we use a standardised approach for quantifying NMB on grazing-based dairy farms, using a newly developed online tool. Preliminary evaluation, using selected farm data from a previous Australia-wide dairy-farm nutrient study, demonstrated highly comparable estimates of farm area, nutrient fluxes and NMB, with substantial efficiencies in time and sample analysis. Nutrient mass balances were also determined on 16 diverse dairy farms across the five major dairy regions of Victoria, Australia. These results highlighted the importance of purchased feed, fertiliser and milk sales, as major sources of nutrient inputs and outputs, with whole-farm NMB for the 16 dairy farms ranging from 185 to 481 kg/ha for nitrogen, 12–59 kg/ha for phosphorus, 9–244 kg/ha for potassium and –6–55 kg/ha for sulfur. Current industry adoption of the NMB tool has confirmed the benefits of a standardised and efficient collation and processing of readily available farm data to inform nutrient management decisions on commercial dairy farms. We suggest that the standardised assessment of nutrient fluxes, balances and efficiency, as well as feed- and milk-production performance at the whole-farm level, provides dairy farmers, farm advisors and industry and policy analysts with the ability to determine industry-wide goals and improve environmental performance.
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Özkan, Şeyda, Julian Hill, and Brendan Cullen. "Effect of climate variability on pasture-based dairy feeding systems in south-east Australia." Animal Production Science 55, no. 9 (2015): 1106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an14493.
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The Australian dairy industry relies primarily on pasture for its feed supply. However, the variability in climate affects plant growth, leading to uncertainty in dryland pasture supply. This paper models the impact of climate variability on pasture production and examines the potential of two pasture-based dairy feeding systems: (1) to experience winter deficits; (2) to carry forward the conserved pasture surpluses as silage for future use; and (3) to conserve pasture surpluses as hay. The two dairy feeding systems examined were a traditional perennial ryegrass-based feeding system (ryegrass max. – RM) and a system that incorporated double cropping into the perennial ryegrass pasture base (complementary forage – CF). The conditional probability of the RM and CF systems to generate pasture deficits in winter were 94% and 96%, respectively. Both systems could carry forward the surplus silage into the following lactation almost once in every 4–5 years with the RM system performing slightly better than the CF system. The proportions of the grain-based concentrates fed in the two systems were 25% and 27% for the RM and CF systems, respectively. This study suggests that double-cropping systems have the potential to provide high-quality feed to support the feed gaps when pasture is not available due to increased variability in climatic conditions.
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Ghahramani, Afshin, and Andrew D. Moore. "Climate change and broadacre livestock production across southern Australia. 2. Adaptation options via grassland management." Crop and Pasture Science 64, no. 6 (2013): 615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/cp13195.
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Climate change is predicted to cause a significant reduction in the productivity of grasslands and the livestock industry across southern Australia. We have used the GRAZPLAN biophysical simulation models to assess a range of pasture management practices as adaptation options under the SRES A2 global change scenario. The modelling analysis spanned four dimensions: space (25 representative locations), time (2030, 2050, 2070, and a historical reference period of 1970–99), livestock enterprises (five), and management (four adaptation options at different levels). Climate projection uncertainty was taken into account by considering climates from four global climate models. The effectiveness of adaptation options varied widely among enterprises and locations, over time, and under the four projected future climates. Increased soil fertility by adding phosphorus and addition of an area of lucerne to the feed-base were predicted to have the greatest effect in recovering from the negative impact of climate change on profitability. In high-rainfall zones in particular, and compared with the historical period, the most profitable option could return the profitability of livestock production systems to historical levels at 68%, 52%, and 32% of the representative locations at 2030, 2050, and 2070, respectively. At 2030, increased soil fertility, adding lucerne to the feed-base, and confinement feeding in summer recovered overall profit fully at 52%, 28%, and 12% of locations. Removing annual legumes in an attempt to preserve ground cover was ineffective as an adaptation to changing climate. For the majority of location × livestock enterprise combinations, there was at least one individual incremental adaptation that could recover the declines in the profitability at 2030, but effectiveness decreased over time after 2030. It is unlikely that the examined single climate change adaptations to the feed-base of southern Australian livestock production systems can return them to profitability in the second half of the century.
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Tomberlin, J. K., A. van Huis, M. E. Benbow, H. Jordan, D. A. Astuti, D. Azzollini, I. Banks, et al. "Protecting the environment through insect farming as a means to produce protein for use as livestock, poultry, and aquaculture feed." Journal of Insects as Food and Feed 1, no. 4 (December 7, 2015): 307–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jiff2015.0098.
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Securing protein for the approximate 10 billion humans expected to inhabit our planet by 2050 is a major priority for the global community. Evidence has accrued over the past 30 years that strongly supports and justifies the sustainable use of insects as a means to produce protein products as feed for pets, livestock, poultry, and aquacultured species. Researchers and entrepreneurs affiliated with universities and industries, respectively, from 18 nations distributed across North and South America, Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia contributed to the development of this article, which is an indication of the global interest on this topic. A brief overview of insects as feed for the aquaculture industry along with a review of the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), as a model for such systems is provided.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Feed industry Australia"
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Hill, Stuart John. "Pollination of almond (Prunus dulcis (Mill.) D.A. Webb)." Title page, contents and summary only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09A/09ah648.pdf.
Full textBooks on the topic "Feed industry Australia"
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Farrer, K. T. H. To feed a nation: A history of Australian food science and technology. Collingwood, Vic., Australia: CSIRO Pub., 2005.
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Office, General Accounting. International trade: Canada and Australia rely heavily on wheat boards to market grain : report to the Chairman, Subcommittee on Domestic and Foreign Marketing and Product Promotion, Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C: U.S. General Accounting Office, 1992.
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Farrer, K. T. H. To Feed a Nation: A History of Australian Food Science and Technology. CSIRO Publishing, 2005.
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Staff, Primary Industries Standing Committee (PISC). Standard for the Hygienic Production of Pet Meat: PISC Technical Report 88 - Amended 2009. CSIRO Publishing, 2009.
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Hundloe, Tor, Sarah Blagrove, and Hannah Ditton, eds. Australia's Role in Feeding the World. CSIRO Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486305902.
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Earth's human population currently exceeds 7 billion, and by the year 2050 our planet will have at least two billion more mouths to feed. When faced with providing food for so many people, the idea is often advanced that Australia will become the 'food bowl' of Asia. Australia currently grows enough food to feed about three times its population and agricultural exports are important to our economy; however, Australia's role in feeding the world needs careful consideration.
This highly topical book draws together the latest intelligence on the sustainable production and distribution of food and other products from Australian farms. It examines questions that policy-makers, farmers, politicians, agricultural scientists and the general public are asking about the potential productivity of our arable land, the environmental and economic impacts of seeking to increase productivity, and the value of becoming cleaner and greener in our agricultural output. With chapters on the emergence of new markets, consumer trends in China, the biophysical constraints on agricultural expansion, and the various products of Australian agriculture and aquaculture, Australia's Role in Feeding the World provides valuable insight into the future of agriculture in this nation.
The book is ideal reading for academics and students in agriculture, environmental sciences, economics, Australian studies, international development studies; agricultural practitioners; and the food production industry.
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Cottle, David, and Lewis Kahn, eds. Beef Cattle Production and Trade. CSIRO Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643109896.
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Beef Cattle Production and Trade covers all aspects of the beef industry from paddock to plate. It is an international text with an emphasis on Australian beef production, written by experts in the field.
The book begins with an overview of the historical evolution of world beef consumption and introductory chapters on carcass and meat quality, market preparation and world beef production. North America, Brazil, China, South-East Asia and Japan are discussed in separate chapters, followed by Australian beef production, including feed lotting and live export.
The remaining chapters summarise R&D, emphasising the Australian experience, and look at different production systems and aspects of animal husbandry such as health, reproduction, grazing, feeding and finishing, genetics and breeding, production efficiency, environmental management and business management.
The final chapter examines various case studies in northern and southern Australia, covering feed demand and supply, supplements, pasture management, heifer and weaner management, and management of internal and external parasites.
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Scarm. Australian Code of Good Manufacturing Practice for Homemixed Feeds, Feed-Milling Industry and Stock-Feed Premixes (SCARM Technical Report). CSIRO Publishing, 1992.
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Slipinski, Adam, and Hermes Escalona. Australian Longhorn Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Volume 1. CSIRO Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486300044.
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Longhorn Beetles — Cerambycidae are one of the most easily recognised groups of beetles, a family that worldwide encompasses over 33,000 species in 5,200 genera. With over 1,400 species classified in 300 genera, this is the sixth largest among 117 beetle families in Australia.
These beetles often attack and kill living forest or orchard trees and develop in construction timber (like European House borer, introduced to WA), causing serious damages. Virtually all Cerambycidae feed on living or dead plant tissues and play a significant role in all terrestrial environments where plants are found. Larvae often utilise damaged or dead trees for their development, and through feeding on rotten wood form an important element of the saproxylic fauna, speeding energy circulation in these habitats. Many species are listed as quarantine pests because of their destructive role to the timber industry.
This volume provides a general introduction to the Australian Cerambycidae with sections on biology, phylogeny and morphology of adult and larvae, followed by the keys to the subfamilies and an overview of the 74 genera of the subfamily Lamiinae occurring in Australia. All Lamiinae genera are diagnosed, described and illustrated and an illustrated key to their identification is provided. A full listing of all included Australian species with synonymies and bibliographic citations is also included.
Biologists worldwide, curators and staff at natural history museums, quarantine/inspection services, entomologists and collectors - many of these beetles are collector's items.
Winner of the 2016 J.O. Westwood Medal
Winner of the 2014 Whitley Medal
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Slipinski, Adam, and Hermes Escalona. Australian Longhorn Beetles (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) Volume 2. CSIRO Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486304592.
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Longhorn Beetles — Cerambycidae are one of the most easily recognised groups of beetles, a family that worldwide encompasses over 33 000 species in 5200 genera. With over 1400 species classified in 300 genera, this is the sixth largest among 117 beetle families in Australia.
These beetles often attack and kill living forest or orchard trees and develop in construction timber (like the European House borer, introduced to WA), causing serious damage. Virtually all Cerambycidae feed on living or dead plant tissues and play a significant role in all terrestrial environments where plants are found. Larvae often utilise damaged or dead trees for their development, and through feeding on rotten wood form an important element of the saproxylic fauna, speeding energy circulation in these habitats. Many species are listed as quarantine pests because of their destructive role to the timber industry.
This second of three volumes on Australian Longhorn Beetles covers the taxonomy of genera of the Cerambycinae, with comments on natural history and morphology. One hundred and forty-two Cerambycinae genera are diagnosed and described, an illustrated key to their identification is provided, and images illustrate representatives of genera and of actual type specimens. A full listing of all Australian species with synonymies and bibliographic citations is also included.
Recipient of a 2017 Whitley Awards Certificate of Commendation for Taxonomic Zoology
Book chapters on the topic "Feed industry Australia"
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Herd, Robert M., and Paul F. Arthur. "Lessons from the Australian Experience." In Feed Efficiency in the Beef Industry, 61–73. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118392331.ch5.
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Paracha, Zahir Javed, and Akhtar Kalam. "Intelligent Techniques for the Analysis of Power Quality Data in Electrical Power Distribution System." In Handbook of Research on Industrial Informatics and Manufacturing Intelligence, 563–75. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-0294-6.ch024.
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This chapter is about the intelligent techniques for the analysis of power quality problems in electrical power distribution system. The problems related with electrical power industry are becoming more widespread, complex, and diversified. The behaviour of power distribution systems can be monitored effectively using artificial intelligence techniques and methodologies. There is a need of understanding the power system operations from power utility perspectives and application of computational intelligence methods to solve the problems of the power industry. The real power quality (PQ) data is taken from a power utility in Victoria Australia. Principal Component Analysis Technique (PCAT) is used to reduce the large number of PQ data attributes of the power distribution system. After the pre-processing of PQ data using PCAT, intelligent computational techniques will be used for the analysis of power quality data. Neural network techniques will be employed to estimate the values of PQ parameters of the power distribution system. The Feed Forward Back Propagation (FFBP) neural network and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) are used for intelligent estimation of PQ data. The results obtained through these intelligent techniques are compared with the real data of power utility in Victoria, Australia for stability, reliability and enhanced power systems performance.
Conference papers on the topic "Feed industry Australia"
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Makki, Imad H., and James M. Kerns. "Robust Feed-Forward Controls for Better Tracking: A Practical Approach to Optimal Air-Fuel Controls and Low Emissions." In ASME 2011 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2011-60026.
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When designing control systems, it is important to keep in mind the end-users. In general, the complexity and difficulty of implementing and tuning a control strategy determine if such a strategy should be adopted, despite its performance. The automotive industry is no exception to that; powertrain control system engineers are constantly tasked to design controllers that are simple to follow, fairly robust, and require moderate resources for implementation and validation. Obviously, stability is critical for any control strategy; an oscillating controller not only could result in fluctuation in engine torque which could lead to customer dissatisfaction, but also could have a negative impact on vehicle tailpipe emissions. Bottom line is the controller must provide good stability as well as superb reference tracking. Proportional–Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers are attractive solutions for powertrain calibrators. They are widely used in the automotive industry as they are easy to implement and tune, especially when the Derivative term is dropped to reduce the sensitivity of the system and improve its robustness. Consequently, with only two gains to adjust, tuning a PI controller is a relatively simple task, but quite often calibrators struggle trying to meet both stability requirements and tracking performance. Adding a Smith Predictor (SP) to the PI controller, is one way to achieve the tracking performance desired. This is indeed a well known approach that allows for much higher gains to be used in order to improve the tracking ability while maintaining stability in the presence of plant models changing dynamics and system delays. However, with this combination (PI-SP), the robustness of the overall control strategy suffers as errors in the plant models tend to reduce the stability of the over all system and could potentially lead to an unstable or undesirable performance. In this paper, we will present a practical approach to improve the performance and robustness of the PI controller. This is achieved by adding unity-gain feed-forward (FF) of the air fuel set point for improved tracking plus a set-point filter in the input to the PI controller (FF-PI) to prevent overshoots. We will also show that this control structure provides excellent and robust reference tracking without destabilizing the system in the presence of errors in the plant model. In addition, we will include results obtained with the FF-PI controller when applied to two applications: Air-fuel ratio (A/F) control for gasoline lean burn vehicles (5.4L F150 and 4.0L Ford of Australia Falcon), and Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) control on a 2.0L Gasoline, Turbocharged, Direct Injection Engine.
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Brooker, Jennifer, and Daniel Vincent. "The Australian Veterans' Scholarship Program (AVSP) Through a Career Construction Paradigm." In Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.4380.
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In Australia, 6000 military personnel leave the military each year, of whom at least 30% become unemployed and 19% experience underemployment, figures five times higher than the national average (Australian Government 2020). Believed to be one of life's most intense transitions, veterans find it difficult to align their military skills and knowledge to the civilian labour market upon leaving military service (Cable, Cathcart and Almond 2021; AVEC 2020). // Providing authentic opportunities that allow veterans to gain meaningful employment upon (re)entering civilian life raises their capability to incorporate accrued military skills, knowledge, and expertise. Despite acknowledging that higher education is a valuable transition pathway, Australia has no permanently federally funded post-service higher education benefit supporting veterans to improve their civilian employment prospects. Since World War II, American GIs have accessed a higher education scholarship program (tuition fees, an annual book allowance, monthly housing stipend) (Defense 2019). A similar offering is available in Canada, the UK, and Israel. // We are proposing that the AVSP would be the first comprehensive, in-depth study investigating the ongoing academic success of Australia's modern veterans as they study higher and vocational education. It consists of four distinct components: // Scholarships: transitioning/separated veterans apply for one of four higher education scholarship options (under/postgraduate): 100% tuition fees waived // $750/fortnight living stipend for the degree duration // 50/50 tuition/living stipend // Industry-focused scholarships. // Research: LAS Consulting, Open Door, Flinders University, over seven years, will follow the scholarship recipients to identify which scholarship option is the most relevant/beneficial for Australian veterans. The analysis of the resultant quantitative and qualitative data will demonstrate that providing federal financial support to student veterans studying higher education options: Improves the psychosocial and economic outcomes for veterans // Reduces the need for financial and medical support of participants // Reduces the national unemployed and underemployed statistics for veterans // Provides a positive return of investment (ROI) to the funder // May increase Australian Defence Force (ADF) recruitment and retention rates // Career Construction: LAS Consulting will sit, listen, guide, and help build an emotional connection around purpose, identity, education and employment opportunities back into society. So, the veteran can move forward, crystalise a life worth living, and find their authentic self, which is led by their values in the civilian world. // Mentoring: Each participant receives a mentor throughout their academic journey.
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Southern, Carolyne, Joseph Wong, and Keith Bladon. "Challenges of Integrating Multidisciplinary Wayside Databases." In ASME 2012 Rail Transportation Division Fall Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/rtdf2012-9446.
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A single, integrated database to store inputs from multiple, and multidisciplinary wayside systems is a pre-requisite for cross-correlation of data, and the development of intelligent algorithms to determine alarm levels and automate decision making. Australian rail operators run on three track gauges, operate a mix of American, European and uniquely Australian rolling stock, and lack a unified set of interchange standards, making the development of operational and condition monitoring rules a complex task. Over the years, Wayside Equipment vendors have adopted different database architectures and data structures for their proprietary systems. Recognizing the need for an industry-wide standard, Pacific National and Track Owners in Australia have initiated a project to develop the architecture for an integrated, open database to capture and store data feeds from multiple wayside systems, from different suppliers. This paper describes the objectives, constraints, challenges and projected benefits of the project for the track owner and the rail operator, and the planned implementation of an integrated condition monitoring database in the Australian rail environment.
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McDermott, Vanessa, and Jan Hayes. "‘We’re Still Hitting Things’: The Effectiveness of Third Party Processes for Pipeline Strike Prevention." In 2016 11th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2016-64070.
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High-pressure gas pipelines are vulnerable to damage in the course of building or maintaining other infrastructure, such as roads, water pipelines, electricity or telecommunications cabling. Unlike other countries, there has never been a death or serious injury from a high-pressure gas pipeline strike in Australia and yet external interference continues to be the most common cause of pipeline damage despite a range of technical and legislative measures in place. This research project aims to enhance the safety strategies regarding third party pipeline strikes by giving the pipeline sector a greater understanding of the motivations and priorities of those who work around pipeline assets and so how to work with them to achieve better outcomes. Using data gathered from more than 70 in-depth interviews, we explore empirically alternate understandings of risk amongst a range of stakeholders and individuals that are responsible in some way for work near or around high-pressure gas transmission pipelines in Australia. Outside the pipeline sector, much of the work around pipelines is conducted by those at the bottom of long chains of contractors and sub-contractors. We discuss perceptions of risk held by a range of third party actors whose activities have the potential to threaten gas pipeline integrity. We compare these views with gas pipeline industry perceptions of risk, couched in terms of asset management, public safety, legal and insurance obligations, and reputation management. This paper focuses on how financial risk and so also management of the potential for pipeline strikes is shifted down the third party contractor chain. Added to this, incentives for timely project completion can unintentionally lead to situations where the potential for third party contractors to strike pipelines increases. The data shows that third party contractors feel the time and cost impact of design or project changes most immediately. Consequently, strikes or near misses may result as sub-contractors seek to avoid perceived ‘unnecessary’ time delays along with the associated financial impact. We argue that efforts to reduce the potential for pipeline strike need to be targeted at structural changes, rather than simply aimed at worker risk perception and enforcement of safety compliance strategies.
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Lee, Jia Hui, Tze King Lim, Laurence Young, and Mika Porter. "Drilling Riser Affecting Shallow Water Wellhead Fatigue." In SPE Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210722-ms.
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Abstract The use of a semi-submersible drilling vessel in relatively shallow water (<100m) wells, can expose the wellhead, conductor and surface casing to significant wave-induced fatigue loading. A short length of drilling riser connecting the drilling vessel and the subsea well allows for a significant portion of the vessel and riser motions to be transferred directly to the wellhead and conductor system. Thus, screening of drilling vessel and drilling riser parameters that reduce the transfer of wave fatigue loading to the subsea stack is critical to ensure that the well has sufficient fatigue performance to accommodate expected drilling and completion operations, as well as provide margin for future workover and P&A operations. This paper provides the effects of drilling riser system parameters such as riser tension, BOP stack size and weight, riser joint hydrodynamics and flex-joint stiffness on fatigue accumulation. A parametric study is performed to determine the individual effect of each parameter mentioned above, on the fatigue performance of a shallow water well. Values considered from each parameter are selected based on drilling vessels that are available in the Australian region. The analysis is performed using irregular wave analysis with an industry standard riser analysis software. Based on wave fatigue analysis performed for the subsea wells, the riser telescopic joint hydrodynamic diameter and stiffness of the upper and lower flex-joints are identified to have significant effect on fatigue performance of the wellhead and conductor system in shallow water depth. This differs from wells in deeper water, where riser tension and BOP stack size and weight have a larger effect. Learnings from the parametric study will benefit future wells by allowing screening of acceptable drilling vessels and riser systems to be performed up front to ensure acceptable fatigue accumulation at the shallow water wells. In addition, it is envisaged this information can be fed back to drilling contractors to enable equipment configuration to be selected that is suitable for various water depths.
Reports on the topic "Feed industry Australia"
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Yahav, Shlomo, John McMurtry, and Isaac Plavnik. Thermotolerance Acquisition in Broiler Chickens by Temperature Conditioning Early in Life. United States Department of Agriculture, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1998.7580676.bard.
Full textAbstract:
The research on thermotolerance acquisition in broiler chickens by temperature conditioning early in life was focused on the following objectives: a. To determine the optimal timing and temperature for inducing the thermotolerance, conditioning processes and to define its duration during the first week of life in the broiler chick. b. To investigate the response of skeletal muscle tissue and the gastrointestinal tract to thermal conditioning. This objective was added during the research, to understand the mechanisms related to compensatory growth. c. To evaluate the effect of early thermo conditioning on thermoregulation (heat production and heat dissipation) during 3 phases: (1) conditioning, (2) compensatory growth, (3) heat challenge. d. To investigate how induction of improved thermotolerance impacts on metabolic fuel and the hormones regulating growth and metabolism. Recent decades have seen significant development in the genetic selection of the meat-type fowl (i.e., broiler chickens); leading to rapid growth and increased feed efficiency, providing the poultry industry with heavy chickens in relatively short growth periods. Such development necessitates parallel increases in the size of visceral systems such as the cardiovascular and the respiratory ones. However, inferior development of such major systems has led to a relatively low capability to balance energy expenditure under extreme conditions. Thus, acute exposure of chickens to extreme conditions (i.e., heat spells) has resulted in major economic losses. Birds are homeotherms, and as such, they are able to maintain their body temperature within a narrow range. To sustain thermal tolerance and avoid the deleterious consequences of thermal stresses, a direct response is elicited: the rapid thermal shock response - thermal conditioning. This technique of temperature conditioning takes advantage of the immaturity of the temperature regulation mechanism in young chicks during their first week of life. Development of this mechanism involves sympathetic neural activity, integration of thermal infom1ation in the hypothalamus, and buildup of the body-to-brain temperature difference, so that the potential for thermotolerance can be incorporated into the developing thermoregulation mechanisms. Thermal conditioning is a unique management tool, which most likely involves hypothalamic them1oregulatory threshold changes that enable chickens, within certain limits, to cope with acute exposure to unexpected hot spells. Short-tem1 exposure to heat stress during the first week of life (37.5+1°C; 70-80% rh; for 24 h at 3 days of age) resulted in growth retardation followed immediately by compensatory growth" which resulted in complete compensation for the loss of weight gain, so that the conditioned chickens achieved higher body weight than that of the controls at 42 days of age. The compensatory growth was partially explained by its dramatic positive effect on the proliferation of muscle satellite cells which are necessary for further muscle hypertrophy. By its significant effect of the morphology and functioning of the gastrointestinal tract during and after using thermal conditioning. The significant effect of thermal conditioning on the chicken thermoregulation was found to be associated with a reduction in heat production and evaporative heat loss, and with an increase in sensible heat loss. It was further accompanied by changes in hormones regulating growth and metabolism These physiological responses may result from possible alterations in PO/AH gene expression patterns (14-3-3e), suggesting a more efficient mechanism to cope with heat stress. Understanding the physiological mechanisms behind thermal conditioning step us forward to elucidate the molecular mechanism behind the PO/AH response, and response of other major organs. The thermal conditioning technique is used now in many countries including Israel, South Korea, Australia, France" Ecuador, China and some places in the USA. The improvement in growth perfom1ance (50-190 g/chicken) and thermotolerance as a result of postnatal thermal conditioning, may initiate a dramatic improvement in the economy of broiler's production.
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Klement, Eyal, Elizabeth Howerth, William C. Wilson, David Stallknecht, Danny Mead, Hagai Yadin, Itamar Lensky, and Nadav Galon. Exploration of the Epidemiology of a Newly Emerging Cattle-Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus in Israel. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7697118.bard.
Full textAbstract:
In September 2006 an outbreak of 'Bluetongue like' disease struck the cattle herds in Israel. Over 100 dairy and beef cattle herds were affected. Epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) (an Orbivirusclosely related to bluetongue virus (BTV)), was isolated from samples collected from several herds during the outbreaks. Following are the aims of the study and summary of the results: which up until now were published in 6 articles in peer-reviewed journals. Three more articles are still under preparation: 1. To identify the origin of the virus: The virus identified was fully sequenced and compared with the sequences available in the GenBank. It appeared that while gene segment L2 was clustered with EHDV-7 isolated in Australia, most of the other segments were clustered with EHDV-6 isolates from South-Africa and Bahrain. This may suggest that the strain which affected Israel on 2006 may have been related to similar outbreaks which occurred in north-Africa at the same year and could also be a result of reassortment with an Australian strain (Wilson et al. article in preparation). Analysis of the serological results from Israel demonstrated that cows and calves were similarly positive as opposed to BTV for which seropositivity in cows was significantly higher than in calves. This finding also supports the hypothesis that the 2006 EHD outbreak in Israel was an incursive event and the virus was not present in Israel before this outbreak (Kedmi et al. Veterinary Journal, 2011) 2. To identify the vectors of this virus: In the US, Culicoides sonorensis was found as an efficient vector of EHDV as the virus was transmitted by midges fed on infected white tailed deer (WTD; Odocoileusvirginianus) to susceptible WTD (Ruder et al. Parasites and Vectors, 2012). We also examined the effect of temperature on replication of EHDV-7 in C. sonorensis and demonstrated that the time to detection of potentially competent midges decreased with increasing temperature (Ruder et al. in preparation). Although multiple attempts were made, we failed to evaluate wild-caught Culicoidesinsignisas a potential vector for EHDV-7; however, our finding that C. sonorensis is a competent vector is far more significant because this species is widespread in the U.S. As for Israeli Culicoides spp. the main species caught near farms affected during the outbreaks were C. imicolaand C. oxystoma. The vector competence studies performed in Israel were in a smaller scale than in the US due to lack of a laboratory colony of these species and due to lack of facilities to infect animals with vector borne diseases. However, we found both species to be susceptible for infection by EHDV. For C. oxystoma, 1/3 of the Culicoidesinfected were positive 11 days post feeding. 3. To identify the host and environmental factors influencing the level of exposure to EHDV, its spread and its associated morbidity: Analysis of the cattle morbidity in Israel showed that the disease resulted in an average loss of over 200 kg milk per cow in herds affected during September 2006 and 1.42% excess mortality in heavily infected herds (Kedmi et al. Journal of Dairy Science, 2010). Outbreak investigation showed that winds played a significant role in virus spread during the 2006 outbreak (Kedmi et al. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 2010). Further studies showed that both sheep (Kedmi et al. Veterinary Microbiology, 2011) and wild ruminants did not play a significant role in virus spread in Israel (Kedmi et al. article in preparation). Clinical studies in WTD showed that this species is highly susceptibile to EHDV-7 infection and disease (Ruder et al. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 2012). Experimental infection of Holstein cattle (cows and calves) yielded subclinical viremia (Ruder et al. in preparation). The findings of this study, which resulted in 6 articles, published in peer reviewed journals and 4 more articles which are in preparation, contributed to the dairy industry in Israel by defining the main factors associated with disease spread and assessment of disease impact. In the US, we demonstrated that sufficient conditions exist for potential virus establishment if EHDV-7 were introduced. The significant knowledge gained through this study will enable better decision making regarding prevention and control measures for EHDV and similar viruses, such as BTV.