Relevant bibliographies by topics / Feed concentration

Academic literature on the topic 'Feed concentration'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Feed concentration"

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Hossain, Md Iqbal, Badhan Saha, Mahmuda Begum, Nusrat Jahan Punom, Mst Khadiza Begum, and Mohammad Shamsur Rahman. "Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus 1758) fed with commercial fish feeds." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific Research 29, no. 2 (May 4, 2017): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsr.v29i2.32325.

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The study was carried out to determine the concentration of heavy metals in some commonly used commercial fish feeds and to observe the bioaccumulation of Cr, Cu, Cd and Ni in liver, muscle and gills of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus after culturing them for 60 days by feeding those commercial feeds. The study revealed that the concentration of Cu was the highest (65.08 mg/kg) in handmade feed (B1) among four heavy metals. The concentrations of Cr in collected feeds were 1.75 to 3.04 mg/kg, which exceeds the permissible limit set by FAO. In cultured tilapia, the concentrations of studied heavy metals were found higher than initial concentration in fish feeds and in tilapia fingerlings. Metal levels in cultured fish followed the ranking of Cu>Cr>Ni>Cd and order in individual organs was liver>gill>muscle. The highest concentration of Cu (72.86 mg/kg) was found in liver given S feed and the lowest concentration (0.67 mg/kg) was in muscle receiving Q feed. Bioaccumulation of Cr was the highest (23.95 mg/kg) in liver taken B1 feed and the lowest (9.29 mg/kg) in muscle of tilapia cultured with C feed. Concentration of Cu exceeded the tolerable limit in fishes cultured with S and C feeds. But Cr concentration surpassed the allowable limit in every feed studied. The concentrations of Ni and Cd were below the permissible range approved by FAO. Considering the present study, tilapia cultured with these experimental feeds is not safe for human consumption. Higher concentration of these heavy metals exceeding allowable limit may cause harmful effect on human body after consumption of those fishes and can create cancer and other diseases in human body.Bangladesh J. Sci. Res. 29(2): 89-99, December-2016
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Jackson, Dorothy A., Stella M. Imong, A. Silprasert, S. Ruckphaopunt, M. W. Woolridge, J. D. Baum, and K. Amatayakul. "Circadian variation in fat concentration of breast-milk in a rural northern Thai population." British Journal of Nutrition 59, no. 3 (May 1988): 349–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19880044.

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1. Twenty-five northern Thai mothers, breast-feeding their infants on demand, were studied in their homes for 24 h. All breast-feeds were test-weighed and pre- and post-feed expressed breast-milk samples (0·5 ml) taken at each feed.2. The fat concentration of milk taken during a feed showed significant circadian variation, with maximum values between 16.00 and 20.00 hours and minimum values between 04.00 and 08.00 hours. Fat concentration at the start and at the end of a feed also varied significantly over 24 h.3. Multiple regression analysis showed that the most important predictor of fat concentration at a feed was the length of time elapsed since the previous feed – the longer this interval, the lower the subsequent fat concentration. Other significant predictors were the fat concentration at the end of the previous feed, and the milk intake at the previous and at the current feed.4. Fat concentration declined between feeds in proportion to the length of time between feeds, but the decline was less between sleep feeds than between waking feeds. This would appear to be a reflection of the lower post-feed fat concentration and higher pre-feed fat concentration of sleep feeds compared with waking feeds, when other variables relating to feeding pattern are taken into account.5. The larger the milk intake at a feed, the greater was the increase in fat concentration from the start to the end of the feed. The change in fat concentration was less in feeds taking place during the sleep period than in daytime feeds.
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Islam, M. M., S. M. L. Kabir, Y. A. Sarker, M. M. H. Sikder, S. K. S. Islam, A. H. M. T. Akhter, and M. M. Hossain. "RISK ASSESSMENT OF CHROMIUM LEVELS IN BROILER FEEDS AND MEATS FROM SELECTED FARMS OF BANGLADESH." Bangladesh Journal of Veterinary Medicine 14, no. 2 (February 3, 2017): 131–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v14i2.31381.

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The present study was conducted to evaluate the status of chromium concentration in broiler feeds with the risk assessment of chromium in broiler meat. Seven broiler farms were selected to collect the feed and meat samples of broiler. Atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) was used to determine the chromium concentration in broiler feed and meat samples. The highest concentration of chromium in broiler meat samples was 1.31±0.20 ?g/g and in feed samples was 1.71±0.24?g/g. In this study, the mean (± SE) concentration of chromium in feed samples from Gazipur Sadar, Gazipur; Sreepur, Gazipur and Tangail Sadar, Tangail were 1.71(± 0.24) ?g/g,1.64(±0.61) ?g/g and 1.64(±0.61) ?g/g respectively. The mean (± SE) concentration of chromium in meat samples from Gazipur Sadar, Gazipur; Sreepur, Gazipur and Tangail Sadar, Tangail were 1.139 (±0.26) ?g/g, 1.31 (±0.20) ?g/g and 0.61 (±0.23) ?g/g respectively. The concentrations of chromium in broiler edible tissues were much higher than permissible levels determined by FAO and WHO. Precocious steps must be taken to avoid use of such health hazardous concentrations of heavy metals in poultry feeds. Considering these findings, there is a critical need to set legal limits and surveillance system for detection of heavy metals in poultry industry of Bangladesh.
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Dickinson, P. W. "Pre-concentration of feed stock." Journal of Heat Recovery Systems 6, no. 1 (January 1986): 67–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0198-7593(86)90173-6.

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Rafai, Pál, Zoltán Papp, and László Jakab. "Biotransformation of trichothecenes alleviates the negative effects of T-2 toxin in pigs." Acta Veterinaria Hungarica 61, no. 3 (September 1, 2013): 333–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/avet.2013.025.

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Between 49 and 70 days of age, three groups of growing pigs (n = 10 each) were fed diets containing 0, 0.3 and 0.5 mg/kg T-2 toxin, respectively, for 21 days. The feed of another two groups of pigs (n = 10 each) contained 0.3 or 0.5 mg/kg T-2 toxin, respectively, plus a feed additive developed for splitting up the molecular structure of Fusarium toxins, in particular trichothecenes, by deepoxidation of the molecule, at 2 kg/tonne concentration. One group (n = 10) served as positive control; their feed was free from T-2 toxin but contained the feed additive at the above concentration. Toxin concentrations at these low dietary levels impaired the feed intake and growth rate of pigs. The feed additive alleviated the negative effects and justified its potential for prevention. Data of the present study indicated a 0.2 mg/kg feed no observed effect level (NOEL) of T-2 toxin in growing pig feeds.
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Fairley, R. A. C., S. P. Rose, and M. F. Fuller. "Selection of dietary lysine and threonine concentration of growing pigs." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1993 (March 1993): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308229600025174.

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The aim of these trials was to discover if growing pigs can select an appropriate mixture of two feeds differing only in the level of one amino acid.A trial was conducted with 40 male pigs, with an initial mean weight of 13.1 kg. A basal low lysine feed was formulated with 172 g digestible protein (DP)/kg feed which was supplemented with synthetic lysine. The resulting feeds were similar in all respects except digestible lysine (DL) level, which was 25 (L), 50 (ML), 109 (MH) and 141 (H) g/kg DP.A second trial was carried out with threonine, using 48 male pigs with an initial mean weight of 11.94 kg. The same basal feed was supplemented with synthetic lysine to 70 g DL/kg DP and then supplemented with varying amounts of synthetic threonine to form four feeds with digestible threonine (DT) levels of 29 (L), 35 (ML), 55 (MH) and 68 (H) g/kg DP.
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Olatoye, O. I., J. O. Aiyedun, and O. O. Oludairo. "Incidence of Aflatoxin B1 in Commercial Poultry Feed and Tissues of Broiler ‎Chickens in Ibadan, Nigeria." Sahel Journal of Veterinary Sciences 17, no. 2 (June 29, 2020): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.54058/saheljvs.v17i2.87.

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Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) belongs to a group of hepatocarcinogenic and hepatotoxic mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus found in food or feed products. In this study we analyzed 180 feed of six different brands of commercial poultry feeds from three feed distribution outlets in Ibadan, southwest Nigeria for the occurrence and concentrations of AFB1. In addition, to the transfer of AFB1 to broiler meat from chicken fed for four weeks with one brand of feed associated with the highest AFB1 contamination. The study was carried out between April and June, 2019. The presence/concentration of AFB1 was determined using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) following solid phase extraction of sample and preparation. Aflatoxin B1 was detected in all (100 %) the brands of feed and 48 % of chicken samples tested. The concentration of AFB1 in feed ranged between 10.5 ± 4.0 and 47.78 ± 6.4, while the mean AFB1 residues obtained in chicken muscle, gizzards and liver after four weeks were 0.07 ± 0.02, 0.18 ± 0.05 and 0.13 ± 0.02 μg/kg, respectively. The presence of AFB1 in all the brands of poultry feeds tested in this study and its possible transfer into chicken meat poses food/feed safety and public health concern. There is therefore, the need to screen feed and apply Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point to feed manufacturing, storage and broiler chicken production to prevent aflatoxicosis.
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Fajar, Muhammad Thoifur. "Pengaruh Perbedaan Konsentrasi Pakan Pelet Terhadap Bobot Dan Panjang Ikan Mas (Cyprinus Carpio)." INSOLOGI: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi 1, no. 5 (October 29, 2022): 498–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.55123/insologi.v1i5.801.

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Pellet feed is feed that is commonly used for the cultivation of livestock, namely broiler chickens, birds, hamsters, rabbits, fish and shrimp. Carp (Cyprinus carpio) is a fish that is often cultivated because it has economic opportunities and increasing demand. This study aims to determine the growth in length and weight of carp with pellet feeding. The research was conducted at the Basic Science Laboratory of UNARS campus 2 in July and August 2022. The method of observing the length and weight of carp using descriptive analysis method. The goldfish samples tested were 3 groups with 3 goldfish in each group. Groups of carp A, B and C were given different pellet feed treatments with pellet feed concentrations of 3%, 4% and 5% of the weight of the carp group. The results showed that pelleted feed with a concentration of 4% of carp B group added the highest weight of carp compared to feed with a concentration of 3% of carp A group and feed of 5% concentration of carp C group. The highest absolute length growth was seen in feed with 3% concentration of group A compared to feed with a concentration of 3% of group A. 4% concentration feed group B and 5% concentration feed group C
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Hyslop, J. J., B. M. L. McLean, and M. J. S. Moore-Colyer. "Relationship between water holding capacity and fibre concentration in equine feeds." BSAP Occasional Publication 32 (2004): 233–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263967x00041550.

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The water content of feedstuffs is an important factor when considering both the nutritive value of a feed for dietary rationing purposes and when assessing the functional properties associated with the practical inclusion of a feedstuff in animal diets. Water is a vital nutrient in its own right and must be supplied on a daily basis. Feed associated water provides one source of this obligatory requirement. In addition, the water holding capacity (WHC) of a feedstuff and its relationship with other constituents of the feed may have important effects. Water can be associated with feedstuff in one of three ways (Robertson and Eastwood, 1981b). Firstly, water can be bound by the hydrophilic polysaccharides of the fibre component of feeds. Secondly, water can be held within the structural fibre matrix of feeds and finally, water can be associated with feedstuff fibre other than bound or matrix water and is usually considered as water trapped within the cell wall lumen.
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Vandael, Femke, Helena Cardoso de Carvalho Ferreira, Mathias Devreese, Jeroen Dewulf, Els Daeseleire, Mia Eeckhout, and Siska Croubels. "Stability, Homogeneity and Carry-Over of Amoxicillin, Doxycycline, Florfenicol and Flubendazole in Medicated Feed and Drinking Water on 24 Pig Farms." Antibiotics 9, no. 9 (August 31, 2020): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics9090563.

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The vast majority of medicines in pig rearing are administered via oral group medication through medicated feed and drinking water. However, relevant on-farm factors affecting the concentration of these drugs in feed and drinking water, such as the homogeneity, stability, and cross-contamination, are largely unknown. To characterize these factors, samples of medicated feed and drinking water were taken on 24 Belgian pig farms during treatment and 2 days thereafter, as well as at different on-farm sampling sites from production to feeding troughs or drinking nipples. The samples contained amoxicillin, doxycycline, florfenicol, or flubendazole. Additionally, a questionnaire was completed. In contrast to the results of medicated feed, results of medicated water showed a large between-farm variation in antimicrobial drug concentration. The therapeutic concentration range was only met in 2 out of 11 farms using medicated feed, and in 3 out of 13 farms using medicated water. Medicated feed concentrations were often below the therapeutic concentration range mentioned in the Summary of Product Characteristics, while drinking water concentrations were just as often above as they were below the advised target concentration range. Drug residues measured 2 days after the end of therapy with both feed and water medication rarely exceeded 1% of the lowest therapeutic concentration. This study demonstrates that recommendations on good clinical practices for oral group medication in the pig industry are highly needed.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Feed concentration"

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Bouma, Andrew Thomas. "Split-feed counterflow reverse osmosis for brine concentration." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/118668.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2018.
This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 73-77).
Brine concentration is a useful operation that allows for increased recovery ratios in water treatment systems, reduction of waste volumes, and the production of minerals from saline brines. As our world moves towards a more sustainable future, improvements in energy-efficient brine concentration will be important. While viable brine concentration technologies exist, current methods are often inefficient. In this thesis, a model is developed to simulate Counterflow Reverse Osmosis (CFRO), a membrane-based, pressure-driven brine concentration technology. Using this model, a single CFRO module is simulated and its performance characterized. Entropy generation within a single-stage system is analyzed, which provides insights for configuring and optimizing multistaged systems. Additionally, a parametric analysis of membrane parameters provides direction for the development of CFRO-specific membranes. Two existing configurations of CFRO are discussed, and compared with a new third configuration, split feed CFRO, which is presented for the first time here. Split feed CFRO systems are simulated and optimized to provide guidance for system design. A variety of multistage systems operating at a range of recovery ratios are simulated, and the results compared are with existing desalination and brine concentration technologies. Potential is shown for the maximum recovery ratio of RO systems to increase significantly when hybridized with split-feed CFRO brine concentration systems, while the energy requirements of these hybridized systems is similar to, or an improvement on, the expected performance of conventional RO systems operating at high pressures and the same conditions. A large reduction in energy usage when compared to commonly used evaporative brine concentrators is shown to be possible.
Funded by the Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Sciences (KFAS) Project No. P31475EC01
by Andrew Thomas Bouma.
S.M.
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Muzanenhamo, Pharaoh Kudzaishe. "Assessing the effect of cone ratio, feed solids concentration and viscosity on hydrocyclone performance." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13325.

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Includes bibliographical references.
In the mineral processing industry, comminution circuits contain slurries composed of a mixture of particles of varying degrees of liberation and size. Hydrocyclones are commonly used to classify these particles. If the classification stage is not efficient, both grinding and flotation cannot be optimised or operated efficiently. Ores that are mined in industry contain metals of varying specific gravity, which makes recovery of the desired metal challenging. This study focussed on the effect of the hydrocyclone spigot to vortex finder diameter ratio, termed as the cone ratio, solids concentration and viscosity on the classification of two dual density ores. The rheological characteristic of the overflow was also evaluated. A UG2 ore (Upper Group), which consists mainly of silicates, and chromite, and an iron ore, containing mainly iron and silicates, were used as feed material. The UG2 test work was carried out on a University of Cape Town (UCT) 4 inch Multotec cyclone, while the iron ore test work was carried out on an Anglo-American 4 inch Krebs cyclone. The cyclone performance was assessed using the corrected cut size, water recovery to the underflow, sharpness of separation and feed throughput. The rheological characterisation of both the UG2 and iron ore were carried out using an AR (ARES-G2) 1000EX vane rheometer. The results obtained indicated that the cyclone cone ratio, feed solids concentration and viscosity influence the cyclone performance. For the UG2 it was observed that as the cone ratio increased the cut size decreased and levelled off at a cone ratio of 1. However, for the iron ore it was observed that the cut size increased with an increase in the cone ratio, until it reached a peak at a cone ratio of approximately 0.68, before decreasing. The water recovery to the underflow increased with cone ratio and solids concentration and for both ore types. However it was observed that the water recovery was more sensitive to the cone ratio within the range of conditions investigated. The sharpness of separation for the UG2 ore increased with cone ratio for all solids concentrations investigated and reached a peak at a cone ratio of approximately 1 then decreased. The sharpness of separation for the iron ore illustrated different trends at different feed solids concentration. Between 10 and 20 wt. % feed solids concentration the sharpness of separation for iron ore was fairly constant, while at 50 wt. % solids concentration the sharpness of separation increased with cone ratio and then levelled off at a cone ratio of 0.67. An increase in the volumetric throughput with cone ratio was observed for both ore types. Rheological characterization revealed Bingham plastic behaviour for both ore types. An increase in the feed viscosity led to an increase in the cut size, water recovery and sharpness of separation for both UG2 and iron ore. A comparison of the results with a semi mechanistic model revealed a good fit for the volumetric throughput, water recovery and viscosity. However, the sharpness of separation and cut size had more scatter. The standard error for the sharpness of separation model fit was 21% for UG2 and 23% for iron ore while the error for the cut size was 41 % for the UG2 ore and 43 % for the iron ore. It was recommended that for future work, test work should be carried at a constant pressure in order to assess purely the effect of cone ratio. Furthermore, a coarser ore should be used in order to evaluate the effect of cone ratio and feed viscosity on the individual deportment of the prevalent components in the dual density ore types investigated by carrying out assays.
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Ali, Johar. "Performance, tissue selenium concentration and glutathione peroxidase activity as response variables for determining selenium requirements of poultry /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9999267.

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Ribeiro, Claudio Vaz Di Mambro. "Determining the factors that cause higher concentration of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in milk fat of dairy cows fed fresh alfalfa versus alfalfa hay." Connect to this title online, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1117551699.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xviii, 141 p.; also includes graphics (some col.) Includes bibliographical references (p. 116-130). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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Anh, Viet Bui, of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, of Science Technology and Environment College, and of Science Food and Horticulture School. "A study of osmotic distillation in hollow fibre modul." THESIS_CSTE_SFH_Anh_V.xml, 2002. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/4.

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Osmotic distillation is a process of removing water from an aqueous solution, driven by water vapour pressure gradient across a hydrophobic membrane. The process occurs at or below ambient temperature and under atmospheric pressure. This research project investigates the osmotic distillation process in hollow fibre modules using hollow fibres PP375, PV375 and PV660 supplied by Memcor Australia. Operating conditions such as temperature, feed concentration and brine cross flow velocity, but not the feed cross flow velocity, were found to have significant effect on the flux. Models for heat and mass transfers were used to study the polarisation phenomena in osmotic distillation. Temperature and concentration profiles at the membrane surfaces due to polarisation were quantified. Scholfield and Ordinary Diffusion models for flux prediction based on the bulk conditions were developed and validated. Models for water activity and viscosity of aqueous glucose and calcium chloride solutions were also developed and validated in this work.
Master of Science (Hons)
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Åkerlind, Maria. "Milk composition and metabolism of cows selected for high or low milk-fat concentration /." Uppsala : Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences (Sveriges lantbruksuniv.), 1999. http://epsilon.slu.se/avh/1999/91-576-5702-5.pdf.

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Mostert, Louma. "Feed intake and performance of Hubbard Flex broilers with varying dietary energy and protein concentrations." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/53532.

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Broiler breeding companies continue to analyse the recommended nutrient levels of broiler diets due to the short production cycle and continuous genetic development of broilers. Modern broilers reach marketable weights very early, often at an immature body weight and without achieving maximum genetic potential in terms of absolute quantities, for example daily growth. As broilers age, their daily feed intake increases and nutrients are deposited in body tissue, mainly as protein and fat. An imbalance of energy or protein cause for excess fat deposited in carcasses due to excessive feed intake to satisfy a nutritional requirement. The cost of feed contributes substantially to the total production expenses, with energy alone contributing approximately 70% of the total cost of poultry diets. Therefore, the focus of feed companies remain to determine the energy and protein requirements of broilers, in order to feed a balanced diet, delivering a bird with an optimal carcass composition. Two experiments of identical design were conducted in floor pens to evaluate the effect of metabolisable energy levels as well as crude protein levels on broiler performance. The first trial was an energy dose-response trial and the second trial a protein dose-response trial. Each study was conducted over a period of five weeks where five thousand seven hundred and sixty Hubbard Flex (mixed sex as hatched) broilers were housed in 60 pens. Ninety six (96) chicks were randomly allocated in a pen at a stocking density of 16 birds/m2. Each treatment was repeated once within a block, totalling to 10 replications/treatment. Water and feed were provided ad libitum. In the energy dose-response experiment two iso-protein basal feeds were formulated and manufactured, one containing a high energy (HE) level, the other a low energy (LE) level. These basal diets were further diluted into four diets containing various percentages of energy (80% LE: 20% HE; 60% LE: 40% HE; 40% LE: 60% HE and 20% LE: 80% HE). The crude protein and amino acid balance was kept constant across all treatments. Six dietary treatment combinations were implemented in a 4-phase feeding programme: Pre-starter (0 to 10 d), Starter (11 to 18 d), Grower (19 to 28 d) and Finisher (29 to 35 d of age). Body weight (BW) and average daily gain did not show any significant difference between LE and HE treatments. A weekly numerical difference was recorded for BW between LE and HE treatments; where birds fed the HE diet weighed heavier on Day 35, at 1939.97 g compared to the 1898.10 g of birds fed the LE diet. FI increased as the energy concentration increased from the LE to HE treatments; and although the differences in FI was non-significant (NS), birds fed HE diets consumed 2882.11 g/bird by Day 35 and birds fed LE diets, only consumed 2830.90 g/bird in total. No significant difference was recorded for cumulative feed conversion ratio (CFCR) among treatments by Day 35 and birds fed the LE diet ended with 1.53 points compared to 1.52 points for birds fed HE diet. Despite the dietary energy increase in energy level from the LE diet to the HE diet, there was no significant effect on daily mortalities; birds fed the LE diet showed 5.10% mortality compared to 5.41% mortality for birds fed the HE diet. In the protein dose-response trial two isocaloric basal feeds were formulated and manufactured, one containing a high protein (HP) level, the other a low protein (LP) level. These basal diets were further diluted into 4 diets containing various percentages of protein (80% LP: 20% HP, 60% LP: 40% HP, 40% LP: 60% HP and 20% LP: 80% HP). The dietary metabolisable energy (ME) was kept constant across all treatments. Birds fed the HP diet showed the greatest BW at Day 21 with 900.97 g compared to birds fed the LP diet on 858.85 g; and weighed 1937.48 g at Day 35 compared to 1869.80 g for birds fed LP diet. Cumulative feed intake (CFI) decreased as the protein content in the feed increased. Although the results from Day 28 only approached significance, birds fed the HP diet consumed significantly less feed (2840.29 g/bird) than birds fed the LP diet (2913.66 g/bird) by Day 35. CFCR for HP was 1.50 points by Day 35 compared to 1.59 points for LP. The increase in protein content from LP to the HP diet, did not cause a significant increase in mortalities; although a numerical increase can be seen of 6.24% for birds fed on the LP diet compared to 9.06% mortality in birds fed the HP diet.
Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
Animal and Wildlife Sciences
MSc
Unrestricted
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Smoler, Eliezer. "Mathematical models to predict milk protein concentration from dietary components fed to dairy cows." Thesis, University of Reading, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308060.

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Abidin, Shamharir. "Audit market concentration and auditor choice in the UK." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/119.

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Auditing has an important role in the corporate governance process and is essential in ensuring confidence in the reliability of financial information. It is important to understand the reasons why, given the costs involved, companies change their auditor and choose a particular level of audit assurance. To date, however, only a limited number of studies on auditor choice issues are available, especially in the UK setting. Further, since the downfall of Andersen, the audit market environment has changed significantly, creating a new audit environment to be researched. In light of these recent developments, the objectives of this thesis are to address both concentration and auditor choice issues. It is divided into two separate but interrelated parts. The first part of this thesis provides evidence on audit market concentration in the UK domestic listed company market from 1998 to 2003. The effect of Andersen’s demise on both audit market concentration and audit fees is examined. Using four different size measures (number of audits, audit fees, clients’ total assets and sales), three measures of concentration are calculated. Results show that the UK audit market has now clearly surpassed the tight oligopoly threshold and, despite auditing significantly fewer clients in 2003 than in 1998, the B5/4 managed to increase their fee dominance. In particular, the decline in B5/4 ‘number of clients’ market share was mainly due to their lower share of the newly-listed companies audit market. On the other hand, the slight increase in B5/4 audit fee market share was due to the net impact of leavers concentrating the B5/4 share and joiners diluting it. Voluntary switches to/from the B5/4 had a relatively small impact on B5/4 market share for both measures. Following Andersen’s acquisition by Deloitte & Touche, market levels of audit fee and audit fee rate (audit fee scaled by total assets) have increased markedly, suggesting that more audit effort is being expended as a way to restore confidence about audit quality after the damage caused by Andersen’s alleged misconduct. The acquisition has also contributed to a further increase in ‘audit fee’ market concentration for the 4-firm concentration ratio (CR4) and in the overall Hirschman-Herfindahl Index measure. Although, Deloitte & Touche gained significant market share in terms of both audit fees and number of audits through its acquisition of Andersen, it is PricewaterhouseCoopers that continues to hold the largest market share. Deloitte & Touche retained 93 former Andersen clients (74%), 21 (17%) moved to another B5/4 auditor and 11 (9%) chose a non-B5/4 firm. While former Andersen clients paid higher audit fees, in aggregate, the increase was, perhaps surprisingly, less than for the market as a whole. At the industry level, the B4 firms dominated all sectors, the highest non-B5/4 market share in any industry being just 8%. In 2003, PricewaterhouseCoopers was the leader in 18 out of 34 sectors. The second part of the thesis is divided into two separate studies – auditor change determinants and new auditor selection determinants. These studies use a sample of non financial auditor change companies to test logistic regression models of the determinants of auditor change and new auditor selection. The determinant variables include auditee, auditor and audit characteristics. This part also examines the sensitivity of results to alternative functional forms of the basic model specification. Two definitions of auditor quality – brand name auditor and specialism, are employed. Internal governance issues such as audit committee independence, the duality of chairman/CEO as well as the size/quality of the incumbent auditor were found to be significant determinants of auditor change. Expected future growth in the company, rather than past growth, and audit fee reduction were positively related to audit change probability. Result also suggests that companies changed auditor to improve the perception of auditor independence. By contrast, in the new auditor selection models, corporate governance variables did not appear to be important in determining a different quality (brand-name) auditor. Only the chairman/CEO duality variable was weakly and negatively significant, suggesting that duality is associated with a change to a lower quality auditor. Growing companies are more likely to change to a brand name auditor, consistent with the inability of smaller firms to provide services across an international market. Contrary to agency theory predictions, the results show that a company experiencing increased leverage is less likely to choose a B5/4 auditor, suggesting that B5/4 auditors are being selective in avoiding risky clients. Higher audit fees are paid to new auditors by companies that changed from non-B5/4 to B5/4, reflecting a B5/4 fee premium. However, the higher NAS fee result is contrary to initial expectations. Typically, far fewer variables were significant in the models with audit quality proxied by industry specialism. For the specialism models based on audit fee market share, there is counter-intuitive evidence that a company with a large number of subsidiaries is less likely to move to a specialist auditor from a non-specialist. New specialist auditors were more likely to be preferred when a company experienced an increase in current accruals or a reduction in leverage. In general, the results for these models were less strong and were dependent upon the specialist definition adopted. Finally, the thesis provides evidence that the choice of time variant model (ex-ante, contemporaneous or ex-post) made no significant difference to the overall results. The one exception concerns the ‘growth’ variable, where companies are found to change auditor in anticipation of future growth, rather than as a response to past growth. Further, the use of alternative proxy variables does not greatly influence the regression results. One important exception to this general observation concerns the brand name proxy. When brand name was defined as tier12 (to include Grant Thornton and BDO) the significance level was improved in all models. This suggests that, to some degree, Grant Thornton and BDO are viewed as quality service providers closer in quality to B5/4 than to other smaller audit firms.
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Davis, Michael Patrick Kerley Monty Stephen. "Influence of diet, production traits, blood hormones and metabolites, and mitochondrial complex protein concentrations on residual feed intake in beef cattle." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/7034.

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Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on Feb 26, 2010). The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Dissertation advisor: Monty Kerley. Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Books on the topic "Feed concentration"

1

Carlsson, Jonas. The value of the concentration of urea in milk as an indicator of the nutritional value of diets for dairy cows, and its relationships with milk production and fertility. Uppsala: Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet, 1994.

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Böttcher, Jürgen. Redoxpotential und Eh/pH-Diagramme von Stoffumsetzungen in reduzierendem Grundwasser (Beispiel Fuhrberger Feld). Hannover: Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe, 1985.

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Bouchard, Giorgio. Un evangelico nel lager: Fede e impegno civile nell'esperienza di Ferdinando e Mariuccia Visco Gilardi. Torino: Claudiana, 2005.

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Cuesta-Muñoz, Pablo Antonio. Effect of supplemental selenium and vitamin E on serum and milk concentrations of cattle and sheep, tissue selenium concentrations and mineral status pf grazing cattle in North Florida. 1992.

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Welsh, Kariamu, Esailama G. A. Diouf, and Yvonne Daniel, eds. Hot Feet and Social Change. University of Illinois Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252042959.001.0001.

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The popularity and profile of African dance have exploded across the African diaspora in the last fifty years. Hot Feet and Social Change presents traditionalists, neo-traditionalists, and contemporary artists, teachers, and scholars telling some of the thousands of stories lived and learned by people in the field. Concentrating on eight major cities in the United States, the essays explode myths about African dance while demonstrating its power to awaken identity, self-worth, and community respect. These voices of experience share personal accounts of living African traditions, their first encounters with and ultimate embrace of dance, and what teaching African-based dance have meant to them and their communities. Throughout, the editors alert readers to established and ongoing research, and provide links to critical contributions by African and Caribbean dance experts.Contributors: Ausettua Amor Amenkum, Abby Carlozzo, Steven Cornelius, Yvonne Daniel, Charles “Chuck” Davis, Esailama G. A. Diouf, Indira Etwaroo, Habib Iddrisu, Julie B. Johnson, C. Kemal Nance, Halifu Osumare, Amaniyea Payne, William Serrano-Franklin, and Kariamu Welsh
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Brêtas, Anilce de Araújo. Balanço eletrolítico estratégico na ração de suínos criados em clima quente. Brazil Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-5861-318-3.

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The effect of Dietary Electrolyte Balance (EB) in rations for growing and finished swine under high temperatures ambient was evaluated. Two hundred male castrated pigs with initial average 25,3±1.3 kg were allotted in completely randomized experimental design with five treatments T1 diet without supplemented electrolyte 191 mEq/kg; T2 (supl B) diet supplementd with sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) 250 mEq/kg; T3 (supl B+C) diet supplemented with (NaHCO3) and potassium chloride (KCl) 250 mEq/kg; T4 (supl B) diet supplemented with (NaHCO3) 300 mEq/kg; T5 (supl B+C) diet supplemented (NaHCO3) and (KCl) 300 mEq/kg and four replication and 10 pigs per experimental unit. The average weight of the animals was 68,8±3,4 kg. The performance parameters evaluated were the feed intake (FI), the daily gain (DG), finished weight (FW), nitrogen intake (NI), lysine intake (LI), efficiency of N utilization for weight gain (ENUWG), efficiency of L utilization for weight gain (ELUWG) and the gain:feed ration and physiologic parameters to respiratory frequency (RF) and rectal temperature (RT). Blood was colleted to measure serum concentration of Na, Cl and K. The average temperature was 29,65±1,80ºC with (RU) of 69,6±10,4%. The levels of EB decreased (P<0,05) the (FI) and improved (NI). The others performance parameters evaluated weren’t influenced by treatments (P>0,05). In the termination phase the supplementation with sodium bicarbonate and or potassium chloride with 250 or 300 mEq/kg can be used to correct electrolyte balance under heat stress.
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Chung, Sharon Ann-Marie. Vagal control of canine intestinal motility and plasma hormone concentrations in the fed state. 1986.

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Ingrid Halle, M.A. Lieboldt, Martina Henning, and Barbara Tzschentke. Pre-hatching temperature training improves performance in dual- and laying-type cockerels fed with different protein and energy concentrations. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1399/eps.2018.217.

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Wallace, Aurora. Nineteenth-Century Stories and Columns. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037344.003.0004.

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This chapter sets Joseph Pulitzer's spectacular building for his paper, the New York World, against the moves uptown by the Herald and the Times that would begin the shift away from the nineteenth-century concentration on Park Row. Pulitzer's aim was to have the tallest building in the world and a shining beacon in New York City. At twenty-six stories and rising over three hundred feet from the sidewalk to the base of the lantern on top of the dome, the building achieved the height superiority and the notoriety that Pulitzer wanted. The chapter demonstrates how the taller structures signaled a new corporate presence in the city, as wealthy press barons with seemingly unlimited resources increasingly led the news industry. Publishers like Pulitzer built their offices on the uppermost floors from which they could survey the city, their readers, and their competitors.
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Harris, James. Stalin and Stalinism. Edited by Simon Dixon. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199236701.013.023.

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If Stalin was the supremely powerful dictator of popular renown, then why did he feel the need to persecute so many Soviet citizens? This chapter draws on recently released archives, including Stalin’s personal papers, to reassess not only the leader’s fears and ambitions but also the nature of the Stalinist order. Covering the period from Lenin’s death to 1953, it offers fresh perspectives on Stalin’s rise to power; on his ‘cult of personality’; on the concentration of political power in the hands of a narrow elite; and on the operations of the Soviet secret police and intelligence services. Presented with misleading intelligence, Stalin and other Soviet leaders persistently misinterpreted both internal and external challenges to their rule and to the revolution as a whole. Stalin’s drive to accumulate power and to smash resistance was intensified by a misperception of events.
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Book chapters on the topic "Feed concentration"

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Allam, Fayrouz. "Using WOA with Feed Forward Neural Network in Prediction of Subcutaneous Glucose Concentration for Type-1 Diabetic Patients." In Proceedings of the International Neural Networks Society, 109–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80568-5_9.

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Dryden, Gordon McL. "Ration formulation." In Fundamentals of applied animal nutrition, 111–23. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781786394453.0009.

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Abstract This chapter describes a method of calculating the combination of feed ingredients which will give a mixture which contains nutrients in specified concentrations. If these concentrations are similar to the animal's nutrient requirements, then it can be fed to obtain the expected production response. To correctly formulate a ration, data which is presented in a consistent manner, and is appropriate for the type of animal the ration is intended for are needed.
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Molnar, R. E., and N. Verbaan. "Extraction of Copper at Elevated Feed Concentrations." In Electrometallurgy and Environmental Hydrometallurgy, 1299–312. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118804407.ch18.

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Tomassetti, Mauro, Riccardo Angeloni, Elisabetta Martini, Mauro Castrucci, Luigi Campanella, and Maria Pia Sammartino. "Looking If Any Correlation Exists Between the Total Antioxidant Capacity and Polyphenol Concentration (Measured Using Two Different Enzyme Sensors) in Several Food or Feed Based Vegetables and Pharmaceutical Integrators." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 233–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55077-0_31.

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Börjesson, Mikael, and Pablo Lillo Cea. "World Class Universities, Rankings and the Global Space of International Students." In Evaluating Education: Normative Systems and Institutional Practices, 141–70. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7598-3_10.

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AbstractThe notion of World Class University suggests that this category of universities operates at a global and not national level. The rankings that have made this notion recognised are global in their scope, ranking universities on a worldwide scale and feed an audience from north to south, east to west. The very idea of ranking universities on such a scale, it is argued here, must be understood in relation to the increasing internationalisation and marketisation of higher education and the creation of a global market for higher education. More precisely, this contribution links the rankings of world class universities to the global space of international student flows. This space has three distinctive poles, a Pacific pole (with the US as the main country of destination and Asian countries as the most important suppliers of students), a Central European one (European countries of origin and destination) and a French/Iberian one (France and Spain as countries of destination with former colonies in Latin America and Africa as countries of origin). The three poles correspond to three different logics of recruitment: a market logic, a proximity logic and a colonial logic. It is argued that the Pacific/Market pole is the dominating pole in the space due to the high concentration of resources of different sorts, including economic, political, educational, scientific and not least, linguistic assets. This dominance is further enhanced by the international ranking. US universities dominate these to a degree that World Class Universities has become synonymous with the American research university. However, the competition has sharpened. And national actors such as China and India are investing heavily to challenge the American dominance. Also France and Germany, who are the dominant players at the dominated poles in the space, have launched initiative to ameliorate their position. In addition, we also witness a growing critique of the global rankings. One of the stakes is the value of national systems of higher education and the very definition of higher education.
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Eck, Mathilde, Oliver Körner, and M. Haïssam Jijakli. "Nutrient Cycling in Aquaponics Systems." In Aquaponics Food Production Systems, 231–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15943-6_9.

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AbstractIn aquaponics, nutrients originate mainly from the fish feed and water inputs in the system. A substantial part of the feed is ingested by the fish and either used for growth and metabolism or excreted as soluble and solid faeces, while the rest of any uneaten feed decays in the tanks. While the soluble excretions are readily available for the plants, the solid faeces need to be mineralised by microorganisms in order for its nutrient content to be available for plant uptake. It is thus more challenging to control the available nutrient concentrations in aquaponics than in hydroponics. Furthermore, many factors, amongst others pH, temperature and light intensity, influence the nutrient availability and plant uptake. Until today, most studies have focused on the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles. However, to ensure good crop yields, it is necessary to provide the plants with sufficient levels of all key nutrients. It is therefore essential to better understand and control nutrient cycles in aquaponics.
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Kaisermayer, Christian, and Gerald Blüml. "Optimisation of mAb Concentration in Microcarrier Based Perfusion Compared to Batch/Fed-Batch Cultivation." In Cells and Culture, 689–92. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3419-9_119.

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Kole, Manoj M., and Donald F. Gerson. "Ammonium Concentration Control in Fed-Batch Fermentations for the Production of Biomass and Enzymes." In Biotechnology Research and Applications, 94–103. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1371-4_9.

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Ōmasa, Takeshi, Masaru Ishimoto, Ken-ichi Higashiyama, Suteaki Shioya, and Ken-ichi Suga. "The Effects of Glutamine Concentration on Growth and Monoclonal Antibody Production in Fed-Batch Operation." In Animal Cell Technology: Basic & Applied Aspects, 265–70. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2844-5_37.

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van Wouwe, J. P., M. Veldhuizen, and C. J. A. van den Hamer. "Oral 65Zn Loading Test in Rats Fed Iri-Ob Diet with Various Zn Concentrations." In New Developments in Biosciences: Their Implications for Laboratory Animal Science, 419–23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3281-4_68.

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Conference papers on the topic "Feed concentration"

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Ishmuratov, Halyaf. "FEEDING OF GRAIN OF CEREALS TREATED WITH HEAT AND UREA TO NEW COWS." In Multifunctional adaptive feed production. ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2020-22-70-115-12.

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In the preserved grain, urea, when subjected to hydrolysis, secretes am-MIAC, protecting it from self-heating and spoilage, and the other part of it goes to ammonium compounds, thereby increasing the protein nutrition of the grain. Processing of grain with urea contributed to a decrease in the concentration of protein, both soluble — by 3.24%, and cleavable-by 4.01%, compared with the control. The cost of processing 1 ton of grain with urea is 1.72 times cheaper than conventional drying. The profitability of milk production increased by 26.62%.
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Kutuzova, Anel, Elena Provornaya, Ekaterina Sedova, and Nadezhda Tsybenko. "EFFICIENCY OF LEGUME-GRASS STANDS WITH USING NEW VARIETIES TO CREATE CULTURAL PASTURES IN THE NON-CHERNOZEM ZONE." In Multifunctional adaptive feed production. ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2020-22-70-5-13.

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Based on the analysis of the results of a 5-year field experiment to study the effects of species and cultivars of white clover (VIC 70 and Lugovik), red clover (Tetraploidny VIC and Veteran), alfalfa common (88 Pasture and Agnes) pro-conducting for periods (1–2, 3–4 and 5 years of use) the influence of weather conditions, the years of life herbs, part legume component in the herbage yield, content of total and biological nitrogen in the aboveground mass, the concentration of metabolizable energy in the feed. Set the efficiency of the reception of pre-inoculated seed complementary strains of nodule bacteria in nitrogen and savings acquisition costs of mineral nitrogen fertilizers (at modern prices).
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TIMOShENKO, Elena, German YaGOVENKO, and Valentina Ruckaya. "Use of lupin flour in foods’ production." In Multifunctional adaptive feed production 27 (75). ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2022-27-75-169-175.

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Use of domestic lupin flour will significantly increase the food safety of Russian Federation by means of replacement of imported protein produced in China; their rate takes 97.5% in our market. Plant protein, particularly the lupin protein answers the demands of actual time – the country needs cheap, qualitative products made from local row material. Nutritional value of lupin flour is determined by balanced content of protein (34-46%), oil (3-10%), fiber (10.6-18.2%) and carbohydrates (15-22%). Lupin flour is used for production of gluten-free foods with dietary and therapeutic properties; flour of lupin husk is full valuable, functionally technological and promising raw materials used as food protein supplement. Food supplement enriched with processed lupin should answer the limit acceptable concentration of alkaloid in foods. Foreign lupin flour production and use have the commercial scope; at the same time it practically stopes out in the RF in spite that the perspective of lupin row materials is declared for food quality improving. The article presents the possibility of lupin flour use in development of foods with functional purposes.
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POSTRASh, Irina, E. G. SKVORTSOVA, and Aleksandra MOSTOFINA. "Biochemical indicators of the blood of quails depending on the use of probiotics." In Multifunctional adaptive feed production 27 (75). ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2022-27-75-163-168.

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The results of the influence of the use of probiotics "Yarosil" and "Kurunga" on the biochemical parameters of the blood of the Texas white quail. The introduction of additives "Yarosil" at a dose of 0.6 and 0.2 ml/kg, as well as the additive "Kurunga" at a dose of 0.1 ml/kg in the main diet of poultry had an ambiguous effect on protein metabolism under the conditions of the experiment. The glucose content in the experimental birds, which received different probiotics and at different doses, also varied. The concentration of glucose was higher for the first, second and third experimental groups, respectively, by 9.2; 12.7; 16.6% compared with the control, but all indicators were at the upper limit of the reference interval. In general, the introduction of the Yarosil additive at a dose of 0.6 and 0.2 ml/kg into the poultry diet, as well as the Kurunga additive at a dose of 0.1 ml/kg, has a positive effect on the metabolic status of the experimental bird. This is reflected in indicators characterizing the normalization of liver function, amino acid metabolism, and carbohydrate metabolism.
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Paranoan, Ria, Wawan Kustiawan, Marjenah Marjenah, Wahjuni Hartati, Syahrinudin Syahrinudin, Sukartiningsih Sukartiningsih, and Triyono Sudarmadji. "Nutrient Concentration of N, P and K in the Components of Eucalyptus pellita F. Muell Tree in East Kalimantan, Indonesia." In International Conference on Tropical Agrifood, Feed and Fuel (ICTAFF 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.220102.008.

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Huda, Asri Nurul, Siti Chuzaemi, Mashudi Mashudi, Poespitasari Hazanah Ndaru, and Khoirunisa Khoirunisa. "Nutrient Content and Total VFA Concentration Evaluation by Addition of Condensed Tannin and Myristic Acid in Complete Feed Through In Vitro Method." In 6th International Seminar of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (ISANFS 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.220401.032.

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Chuzaemi, Siti, Mashudi Mashudi, Poespitasari Hazanah Ndaru, Asri Nurul Huda, and Eko Agus Siswoyo. "Effect of Condensed Tannin and Myristic Acid in Corn Straw-Based Complete Feeds on NH3 Concentration and Microbial Protein Synthesis." In 6th International Seminar of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science (ISANFS 2021). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.220401.007.

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Aboumaalie, Dana Abdalla, and Samir Jaoua. "Monitoring the Presence and Investigation of Toxigenic Fungi and Mycotoxins in Poultry Feed and its Products." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0102.

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Contaminating poultry feed and their products with mycotoxins produced by fungi may cause many health effects on animals and human if they were at high concentrations. Therefore, it is imperative to regularly monitor the concentration of mycotoxins specially aflatoxin and ochratoxin A in the poultry feed and their products. In the present study, we demonstrated that Aspergillus flavus was the major contaminant using DNA extraction and gel electrophoresis. Using ELISA kit for ochratoxin A, Ochratoxin A did not exceed the detection limit 50 ng/kg but in one sample has exceeded the European Union maximum limit for aflatoxins of 20 μg/kg through the ELISA aflatoxin All kit. Aflatoxin B1 was detected in chicken liver samples using ELISA aflatoxin B1. Almost all samples were contaminated with fungi but only 4 feed samples showed aflatoxin concentration within the detection limit. Furthere experiments should be done on different liver samples in Qatar to chek the probability of this presence.
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Ljungqvist, Martin Georg, Bjarne Kjaer Ersboll, Ken-ichi Kobayashi, Shigeki Nakauchi, Stina Frosch, and Michael Engelbrecht Nielsen. "Near-infrared hyper-spectral image analysis of astaxanthin concentration in fish feed coating." In 2012 IEEE International Conference on Imaging Systems and Techniques (IST). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ist.2012.6295524.

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Madireddy, Indeever. "Effects of Protein Concentration in Fish Feed on Physical and Chemical Water Pollution." In 2021 IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isec52395.2021.9764086.

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Reports on the topic "Feed concentration"

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Wertz, Aimee, Travis Knight, Amanda Kreuder, Michelle Bohan, Don Beitz, and Allen H. Trenkle. Effect of Feed Intake on Plasma Ghrelin Concentration in Beef Cattle. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-564.

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Bunter, Kim L., Weiguo Cai, David J. Johnston, and Jack C. M. Dekkers. IGF-1 Concentration at a Young Age is Associated with Feed Efficiency in Pigs. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-893.

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Young, Jennifer M., Danielle M. Gorbach, Kim L. Bunter, Max F. Rothschild, and Jack C. M. Dekkers. Genomic Analysis of Juvenile Serum IGF-I Concentration in Yorkshire Pigs Selected for Residual Feed Intake. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-112.

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Patello, G., K. Wiemers, R. Bell, H. Smith, R. Williford, and R. Clemmer. Evaluation of HWVP feed preparation chemistry for an NCAW simulant -- Fiscal year 1993: Effect of noble metals concentration on offgas generation and ammonia formation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/67452.

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Wilmarth, W. R. Characterization of Surface and Variable Depth Samples from the 3H Evaporator Feed (32H) and Drop (30H) Tanks - Re-Baseline of Silicon Concentration and Aluminosilicate Formation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/799302.

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Kanner, Joseph, Dennis Miller, Ido Bartov, John Kinsella, and Stella Harel. The Effect of Dietary Iron Level on Lipid Peroxidation of Muscle Food. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604282.bard.

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Biological oxidations are almost exclusively metal ion-promoted reactions and in ths respect iron, being the most abundant, is the commonly involved. The effect of dietary iron levels on pork, turkey and chick muscle lipid peroxidation and various other related compounds were evaluated. Crossbred feeder pigs were fed to market weight on corn-soy rations containing either 62, 131 or 209 ppm iron. After slaughter, the muscles were dissected, cooked and stored at 4°C. Heavily fortifying swine rations with iron (>200 ppm) increase nn-heme iron (NHI), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and decrease a-tocopherol in cooked stored pork but did not increase warmed-over aroma (WOA). NHI and TBARS were higher in cooked pork from pigs fed high-iron diets. Liver iron correlated with muscle iron. TBARS were strongly related with WOA. The role of dietary vitamin E and ascorbic acid on Fe-induced in vivo lipid peroxidation in swine was also evaluated. Moderate elevation in iron stores had a marked effect on oxidative stress, especially as indicated by liver TBARS. Supplemental vitamin E, and to a lesser extent vitamin C, protect against this oxidative stress. Unsupplementation of Fe in the regular diet of turkeys did not affect body weight, blood hemoglobin level, or iron pool in the liver or muscle. The reason being that it contained "natural" ~120 mg Fe/kg feed, and this amount is high enough to keep constant the pool of iron in the body, liver or muscle tissues. Only Fe-supplementation with high amounts of Fe (500 ppm) significantly increased turkey blood hemoglobin and total iron in the liver, in 1 out of 3 experiments, but only slightly affects iron pool in the muscles. It seems that the liver accumulates very high concentations of iron and significantly regulates iron concentration in skeletal muscles. For this reason, it was very difficult to decrease muscle stability in turkeys through a diet containing high levels of Fe-supplementation. It was shown that the significant increase in the amount of iron (total and "free") in the muscle by injections with Fe-dextran accelerated its lipid peroxidation rate and decreased its a-tocopherol concentration. The level and metabolism of iron in the muscles affects the intensity of in vivo lipid peroxidation. This process was found to ifluence the turnover and accumulation of a-tocopherol in turkey and chick muscles. Treatments which could significantly decrease the amount and metabolism of iron pool in muscle tissues (or other organs) may affect the rate of lipid peroxidation and the turnover of a-tocopherol. Several defense enzymes were determined and found in the turkey muscle, such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. Glutathione peroxidase was more active in muscles with a high trend of lipid peroxidation, lmore so in drumsticks than in breast muscles, or muscles with a low a-tocopherol content. The activity of glutathione peroxidase increased several fold in muscle stored at 4°C. Our work demonstrated that it will be much more practical to increase the stability of muscle tissues in swine, turkeys and chickens during storage and processing by increasing the amount of vitamin E in the diet than by withdrawing iron supplementation.
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Shakhurdin, D. Concentration of macro elements in tebenevochny feeds the Yakut horse breed. ООО «Информационно-консалтинговый центр», 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/konevodstvo.2019.6.79rus.

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8

Drewnoski, Mary, Erin Richter, and Stephanie L. Hansen. Days on Feed and Dietary Sulfur Content Affect Rumen Hydrogen Sulfide Concentrations in Feedlot Steers. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-442.

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Lekhanya, Portia Keabetswe, and Kabelo Mokgalaboni. Exploring the effectiveness of vitamin B12 complex and alpha-lipoic acid as a treatment for diabetic neuropathy. Protocol for systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.5.0167.

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Review question / Objective: Does Alpha-Lipoic acid increase the uptake of glucose for better glycaemic control? Does vitamin B12 and Alpha-Lipoic acid improve inflammation? The aim of the study is to explore the effectiveness of Vitamin B12 and Alpha-Lipoic Acid as a possible treatment for diabetic neuropathy with major emphasis on markers of inflammation and glucose metabolism. Condition being studied: Diabetic Neuropathy (DN) is a heterogeneous type of nerve damage associated with diabetes mellitus, the condition most often damages nerves in the legs and feet. It presents both clinically and sub-clinically affecting the peripheral nervous system as a result of an increase in glucose concentration which interferes with nerve signalling. After the discovery of insulin as a treatment for Diabetes Mellitus (DM), the prevalence of DN has since increased significantly due to DM patients having a longer life expectancy. It has been estimated that atleast 50% of DM patients will develop DN in their life, with approximately 20% of these patients experiencing neuropathic pain. Nerves are susceptible to changes in glucose concentrations and insulin makes it impossible for neurons to continue regulating glucose uptake.
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10

Boisclair, Yves R., and Arieh Gertler. Development and Use of Leptin Receptor Antagonists to Increase Appetite and Adaptive Metabolism in Ruminants. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7697120.bard.

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Objectives The original project had 2 major objectives: (1) To determine the effects of centrally administered leptin antagonist on appetite and adaptive metabolism in the sheep; (2) To develop and prepare second-generation leptin antagonists combining high binding affinity and prolonged in vivo half-life. Background Periods of suboptimal nutrition or exaggerated metabolic activity demands lead to a state of chronic energy insufficiency. Ruminants remain productive for a surprisingly long period of time under these circumstances by evoking adaptations sparing available energy and nutrients. The mechanism driving these adaptations in ruminant remains unknown, but could involve a reduction in plasma leptin, a hormone acting predominantly in the brain. In laboratory animals, reduced leptin signaling promotes survival during nutritional insufficiency by triggering energy sparing adaptations such as reduced thyroid hormone production and insulin resistance. Our overall hypothesis is that similar adaptations are triggered by reduced leptin signaling in the brain of ruminants. Testing of this hypothesis in ruminants has not been possible due to inability to block the actions of endogenous leptin and access to ruminant models where leptin antagonistic therapy is feasible and effective. Major achievements and conclusions The Israeli team had previously mutated 3 residues in ovine leptin, with no effect on receptor binding. This mutant was renamed ovine leptin antagonist (OLA) because it cannot activate signaling and therefore antagonizes the ability of wild type leptin to activate its receptor. To transform OLA into an effective in vivo antagonist, the Israeli made 2 important technical advances. First, it incorporated an additional mutation into OLA, increasing its binding affinity and thus transforming it into a super ovine leptin antagonist (SOLA). Second, the Israeli team developed a method whereby polyethylene glycol is covalently attached to SOLA (PEG-SOLA) with the goal of extending its half-life in vivo. The US team used OLA and PEG-SOLA in 2 separate animal models. First, OLA was chronically administered directly into the brain of mature sheep via a cannula implanted into the 3rdcerebroventricule. Unexpectedly, OLA had no effect of voluntary feed intake or various indicators of peripheral insulin action but reduced the plasma concentration of thyroid hormones. Second, the US team tested the effect of peripheral PEG-SOLA administration in an energy sensitive, rapidly growing lamb model. PEG-SOLA was administered for 14 consecutive days after birth or for 5 consecutive days before sacrifice on day 40 of life. Plasma PEG-SOLA had a half-life of over 16 h and circulated in 225- to 288-fold excess over endogenous leptin. PEG-SOLA administration reduced plasma thyroid hormones and resulted in a higher fat content in the carcass at slaughter, but had no effects on feed intake, body weight, plasma glucose or insulin. These results show that the team succeeded in developing a leptin antagonist with a long in vivo half-life. Moreover, in vivo results show that reduced leptin signaling promotes energy sparing in ruminants by repressing thyroid hormone production. Scientific and agricultural implications The physiological role of leptin in ruminants has been difficult to resolve because peripheral administration of wild type leptin causes little effects. Our work with leptin antagonists show for the first time in ruminants that reduced leptin signaling induces energy sparing mechanisms involving thyroid hormone production with little effect on peripheral insulin action. Additional work is needed to develop even more potent leptin antagonists, to establish optimal administration protocols and to narrow down phases of the ruminant life cycle when their use will improve productivity.
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