Journal articles: 'Federal aid to the arts – Australia'

1

Blaylock, Malcolm. "Subsidy, Community, and ‘Excellence’ in Australian Theatre." New Theatre Quarterly 2, no. 5 (February 1986): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x00001937.

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The Australian Labour government elected in 1972 (and sacked in highly controversial circumstances by the Governor-General in 1975) instituted under the premiership of Gough Whitlam a policy of greatly increased subsidy for the arts. But this was succeeded by a period of neglect, culminating in a drastic policy of cutbacks in 1981; and the election of a new Labour government in 1983 thus coincided with a major debate over both the nature and the distribution of arts subsidy, which has resulted in a wider spread of funding for culturally diverse forms of theatre. Malcolm Blaylock works both as director of one of the new community-based companies. Junction Theatre, and as a member of the federal funding body, the Theatre Board of the Australia Council: he talked to Graham Ley about both aspects of his work, and the background to the present funding policy.

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Monnox, Chris. "“Men, money, and motors”: The motor car as an emerging technology in Australian Federal Election Campaigns, 1903–31." Journal of Transport History 40, no. 2 (February 27, 2019): 232–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022526619831396.

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The appearance of the car in early twentieth-century Australia significantly re-shaped election campaigns. Political parties used cars to bring voters to polling places, and some voters took advantage of elections by making their voting contingent on these free rides. Politicians and other campaigners took exception to the cost of supplying cars and to the attitudes evident in demands for rides. Some saw compulsory voting as a way of forcing voters to provide for their own transportation. Introduced mostly in the 1920s, compulsory voting’s impact was initially muted. But over time it did change how cars were used in Australian politics. One hundred years on compulsory voting remains in force in Australia, and cars are still seldom used on election day. This serves as an enduring example of how new technologies could have a disruptive impact on campaigning prior to the advent of radio and television.

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Tabrett, Leigh. "The development of cultural indicators for Australia – policy-making in a federal system of government." Cultural Trends 23, no. 2 (April 3, 2014): 82–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09548963.2014.897449.

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Lecours, André, and Daniel Béland. "The Institutional Politics of Territorial Redistribution: Federalism and Equalization Policy in Australia and Canada." Canadian Journal of Political Science 46, no. 1 (March 2013): 93–113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000842391300019x.

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Abstract.A key challenge for comparative politics is to explain the varying degrees of political conflict triggered by the territorial redistribution of financial resources. Federal systems pose this question particularly acutely since they typically operate equalization programs that generate different levels and patterns of intergovernmental conflict. For instance, in Canada equalization has generated serious conflict between federal and provincial governments whereas in Australia it has only led to low-level grumblings on the part of some states which have taken shots at others. This article sheds light on the causes for conflict around the territorial redistribution of financial resources by explaining why equalization has produced more severe intergovernmental conflict in Canada than in Australia. It argues that institutional factors linked to the governance structures of equalization and the nature of federalism are at the heart of the cross-national difference. More specifically, the presence of an arms-length agency administrating equalization in Australia compared to executive discretion over the program in Canada and the weaker status and lesser power of states in comparison to Canadian provinces means that equalization policy is more subject to political challenges in Australia than in Canada.Résumé.Une question majeure pour la politique comparée contemporaine, et plus particulièrement le fédéralisme comparé, est celle des conflits politiques et intergouvernementaux générés par la distribution territoriale des ressources fiscales. Au Canada, au cours de la dernière décennie, le programme de péréquation a suscité des conflits importants entre le gouvernement fédéral et les provinces, tandis qu'en Australie la péréquation ne provoque qu'un mécontentement épisodique entre les états fédérés. Cet article cherche à expliquer cette différence. Il suggère que des facteurs institutionnels liés à la gouvernance de la péréquation et à la nature des systèmes fédéraux sont au centre de l'explication. Plus précisément, l'article suggère que la présence d'une agence quasi-indépendante pour administrer la péréquation en Australie et son absence au Canada ainsi que la faiblesse relative des états australiens par rapport aux provinces canadiennes font que la péréquation au Canada est plus sujette aux attaques politiques qu'en Australie.

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Tombesi, Paolo. "Back to the future: the pragmatic classicism of Australia's Parliament House." Architectural Research Quarterly 7, no. 2 (June 2003): 140–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135503002100.

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Until the launch of Federation Square in Melbourne, in 1997, Australia's contribution to the history of international architectural competitions consisted essentially of two buildings: the Sydney Opera House, won by Jørn Utzon in 1957, and the Federal Parliament House in Canberra, won by Mitchell/Giurgola and Thorp (MGT) in 1980. While Utzon's building is widely acknowledged as a daring piece of innovative design and one of the architectural icons of this century, MGT's winning scheme for Parliament House drew heavy criticism from the moment the proposal was unveiled: neo-Classicist lines, a Beaux-Arts parti, and the building's occupation of Capital Hill – at the top of the Griffins' 1912 scheme for Canberra – were seen by many as displaying a lack of sensibility towards Australian landscape, culture, and ingenuity, and as the result of a conservative approach to contemporary urban design.

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Richardson, Nick. "The 1931 Australian Federal Election—Radio Makes History." Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 30, no. 3 (September 2010): 377–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01439685.2010.505037.

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Woodhams, Libby. "The Arts in Health: Implications for Artistic and Health Practice, Policy Development, Education and Training." Australian Journal of Primary Health 1, no. 1 (1995): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py95010.

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Although there have been art programs in some Australian health care settings for a number of years they are neither an integral part of health policy or practice, nor of arts policy and practice. A fuller appreciation of what it means to be a person might illustrate why art practices in health settings provide so many, often uncomfortable, challenges to long held assumptions that patients should be passive and accepting, whereas art practices expect them to be active, moral, self defining agents. What is required is collaboration and co-operation at federal, state and local levels between departments and organisations in the arts, health and education, so that the arts might regain their vital role in the care of the sick and in the health of our communities.

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Lippi, Kehla, Fiona H. McKay, and Hayley J. McKenzie. "Representations of refugees and asylum seekers during the 2013 federal election." Journalism 21, no. 11 (October 5, 2017): 1611–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884917734079.

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Immigration policy, arrival modes, human rights, and international obligations have all been part of the debate that has ensued over the Australian Government’s policy response towards refugees and asylum seekers. This debate was a central campaign focus in the lead up to the 2013 Australian federal election and was accompanied by extensive media coverage. This media coverage is a significant contributor to the representation of refugees and asylum seekers to the Australian public. This study explores how refugees and asylum seekers were represented in Australian print news media in the period immediately before and after the 2013 federal election. Using news framing and critical discourse analysis, this study examined 162 articles, published between 7 August and 8 October 2013, in Australian newspapers. The analysis revealed two opposing themes in the representation of asylum seekers: refugees and asylum seekers were represented as either a threat requiring a military intervention or as victims requiring management. The findings of this study demonstrate the ways in which the print media contribute to a polarised representation of refugees and asylum seekers and the potential deleterious effect of this dichotomous construction to an informed public opinion.

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Akram, Sidra, Mian Muhammad Azhar, Abdul Basit, Muhmmad Ikram Ul Haq, and Muhammad Waris. "PANDEMIC COVID-19: COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SOCIAL AND SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS BY PUNJAB AND SINDH GOVERNMENTS IN PAKISTAN." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 9, no. 2 (April 27, 2021): 429–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2021.9242.

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Purpose: The study analyzes the growing situation of Covid-19 in Pakistan and highlights the recent scientific and social developments made during this pandemic. The paper highlights the exertions of the government of Pakistan in general and especially the preventing measures taken by the Punjab and Sindh government to fight this pandemic. The paper discusses the emergency preparedness and response to the Covid-19 in Pakistan. Method: This research uses publicly available data to inspect the current situation of epidemic Covid-19 and its preventive measures in Pakistan, especially in Punjab and Sindh province. Besides, documents on the website of the daily situation report of NIH (National Institute of Health), WHO covid-19 dashboard (services and coordination) Ministry of National Health Regulation, different scholarly articles, and already existing world reports have been reviewed and analyzed Main Findings: The outbreak of Covid-19 was experienced first time in December 2019 at Wuhan city of China which spread promptly in China and then all-inclusive in 213 other countries including Australia, Asia, Europe, America, and Pakistan as well. Experts believed that in a developing country like Pakistan, its effects would be devastating. It has caused approximately 2, 862, 664 deaths and affected more than 131, 837, 512 people worldwide, while its statistics are growing fast. However, several steps have been adopted to overcome Covid-19 worldwide. Even, drastic measures were taken with limited resources in Pakistan to curb the growing situation of Covid-19 such as lockdown, awareness campaign, quarantine facilities, special hospitals, and laboratories for testing the virus. Application of the Study: The results of this research help the Pakistani government to make their policies more target-ordinated and systematic to cure this pandemic to restore its vigilance with available resources against Covid-19 and trained human capacities, laboratory networks, policy formulation, and national emergency preparedness. The originality of the Study: This research contributes that confusion and uncertainty between the policies of the federal government and provinces on lockdown measures could lead the thousands of untimely deaths. Experts believed that in a developing country like Pakistan, its effects would be devastating. Despite its limited resources, Pakistan took a stand against an epidemic coronavirus and made it a single-point agenda by all the provinces of Pakistan.

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MCCORMACK, JOHN. "Commonwealth of Australia, Federal Treasurer, Intergenerational Report 2002–03, Budget Paper 5, Commonwealth of Australia Printing Office, Canberra, 2002, 94 pp., ISBN 0642 74142 5. Available online at www.treasury.gov.au Victoria State Government, Department of Treasury and Finance, Shaping a Prosperous Future, Discussion Paper, Victorian State Government, Melbourne, 2003, 88 pp., ISBN 0 7311 1459 0. Available online at www.dtf.vic.gov.au Myer Foundation, 2020 A Vision for Aged Care in Australia, The Myer Foundation, Melbourne, 2002, 41 pp. Available online at www.myerfoundation.org.au." Ageing and Society 24, no. 3 (April 26, 2004): 484–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x04251984.

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11

Haag, William G. "Federal Aid to Archaeology in the Southeast, 1933-1942." American Antiquity 50, no. 2 (April 1985): 272–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/280485.

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Interest in the prehistory of America is hardly more than two centuries old, but it is within the last half-century that our concern for preservation and salvage has bloomed. Prior to that time there were individual voices urging study and protection of archaeological sites, but no grass-roots sentiment for protection. This may be largely because most of our antecedents came from the Old World; New World archaeology concerned our past not at all.

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Manzo, Frank P. "The Effect of “Federal -Aid Swap” Programs and Davis-Bacon Prevailing Wages on Highway Construction Costs and Contractor Composition: Evidence From Iowa." Labor Studies Journal 47, no. 1 (November 24, 2021): 75–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0160449x211049477.

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“Federal-aid swap” programs allow states and local governments to bypass federal Davis-Bacon prevailing wages and Disadvantaged Business Enterprise (DBE) goals by exchanging federal funds that have been allocated to highway projects with state funds. The Iowa Department of Transportation approved a federal-aid swap program in February 2018. Using data on more than 1,200 highway construction projects in Iowa from 2016 to 2020, I find that the cost of projects in the federal-aid swap program are not statistically different from those that were not swapped, after accounting for project size and complexity, project type, and project location. Regression results indicate that Davis-Bacon prevailing wages and DBE goals have no effect on total construction costs. However, the federal-aid swap program is statistically associated with a decrease in the likelihoods that a project is covered by the Davis-Bacon Act by 10 percentage points and DBE goals by 4 percentage points. Because the payment of Davis-Bacon prevailing wages is statistically associated with an 8 percentage-point decrease in the chances that a highway project is awarded to an out-of-state contractor, the federal-aid swap program may have increased the market share of out-of-state contractors at the expense of Iowa-based contractors.

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Flew, Terry, and Jason Wilson. "Journalism as social networking: The Australian youdecide project and the 2007 federal election." Journalism: Theory, Practice & Criticism 11, no. 2 (March 29, 2010): 131–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464884909355733.

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14

McAndrews, Lawrence J. (Lawrence John). "Choosing "Choice": George Bush and Federal Aid to Nonpublic Schools." Catholic Historical Review 87, no. 3 (2001): 453–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cat.2001.0113.

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Whiteford, Harvey A., Carla Meurk, Georgia Carstensen, Wayne Hall, Peter Hill, and Brian W. Head. "How Did Youth Mental Health Make It Onto Australia’s 2011 Federal Policy Agenda?" SAGE Open 6, no. 4 (October 2016): 215824401668085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244016680855.

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The 2011 Australian federal budget included a large investment in youth mental health and early intervention services. In this article, we focus on the critical role of agenda setting in the preceding 4 years to examine how and why these services were given such a high priority at this time. We undertook a systematic review of relevant literature, including parliamentary Hansard transcripts from the House of Representatives and Senate, the final reports of all available parliamentary committees, government policy documents, other pertinent documents held by the Commonwealth Department of Health and Aging, and media reports from five widely circulated Australian publications/news outlets. We used Kingdon’s multiple streams framework to structure analysis. We highlight three factors that were influential in getting youth mental health issues onto the policy agenda: (a) the strategic use of quantitative evidence to create a publicly visible “problem,” (b) the marshalling of the “public” to create pressure on government, and (c) the role of serendipity. Overall, we found the decision to prioritize youth mental health resulted from a combination of advocacy for a well-articulated policy solution by high-profile, influential policy entrepreneurs, and political pressure caused by an up swell of national support for mental health reform. Our findings highlight the socio-political factors that influence agenda setting and health policy formulation. They raise important ethical and strategic issues in utilizing research evidence to change policy.

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Kaino, Lorna. "The ‘Problem of Culture’: A Case Study of Some Arts Industries in Southwest Western Australia." Media International Australia 101, no. 1 (November 2001): 127–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1329878x0110100114.

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This paper presents a case study of three glass art studios situated in the southwest of Western Australia. The study is designed to provide a model for a larger study of the arts industries that will contribute to a strategic analysis of cultural policies for arts industry development. Its purpose is to offer insights into why arts policy frameworks and arts development strategies in the southwest of Western Australia appear to have had limited outcomes consistent with their arts industry objectives. It proposes that one of the reasons — difficult to formalise in policy documents but a persistent theme in informal discussions I have had with arts practitioners all over the southwest region — is a conceptual problem related to instrumentalities charged with the responsibility of implementing arts policy and development. I propose that this is a ‘problem of culture ‘. I explore this proposition in relation to cultural policy planning and development at the regional level within a wider framework at the state and federal levels in Australia and internationally.

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Lehmann, Caitlyn. "Editorial." Children Australia 42, no. 4 (November 29, 2017): 225–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2017.44.

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Among the plethora of minor parties fielding candidates in Australia's 2016 federal election was a relative newcomer called Sustainable Australia. Formed in 2010 and campaigning with the slogan ‘Better, not bigger’, the party's policy centrepiece calls for Australia to slow its population growth through a combination of lower immigration, changes to family payments, and the withdrawal of government agencies from proactive population growth strategies (Sustainable Australia, n.d.). At a global level, the party also calls for Australia to increase foreign aid with a focus on supporting women's health, reproductive rights and education. Like most minor parties, its candidates polled poorly, attracting too few votes to secure seats in the Senate. But in the ensuing months, the South Australian branch of The Greens broke from the national party platform by proposing the aim of stabilising South Australia's population within a generation (The Greens SA, 2017). Just this August, Australian business entrepreneur Dick Smith launched a ‘Fair Go’ manifesto, similarly calling for reductions in Australia's population growth to address rising economic inequality and a “decline in living standards” (Dick Smith Fair Go Group, 2017).

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Tonkin, Maggie. "Lessons in Survival: The De-funding of Restless Dance Theatre." Journal of Cultural Management and Cultural Policy / Zeitschrift für Kulturmanagement und Kulturpolitik 8, no. 2 (December 1, 2022): 159–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/zkmm-2022-080208.

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Abstract In March 2020, Michelle Ryan, Artistic Director of Restless Dance Theatre, an Australian dance company that includes both disabled and non-disabled dancers, was awarded Australia’s highest dance honour by the Australia Council, the federal arts funding body, for her transformative leadership of the company. Almost simultaneously, the very same Australia Council removed funding support for Restless, threatening the company’s survival. This essay examines Restless’s response to the fundamental incoherence of the Australia Council’s decision and situates it within the broader context of the company’s own evolving practice in disability art, which in effect saw it attempt to create policy in the field. I outline the government policy contexts that underpin both the funding cuts and Restless’s pivot to an alternate source of funding: the ideologically driven ‘culture wars’ underpinning the Coalition government’s hostility to the arts sector, and the establishment of a National Disability Insurance Scheme that enables individual ‘clients’ to access money for arts training. Finally, the essay examines the implications of a dance company receiving funding from a disability service provider rather than from a mainstream arts funding body, questioning whether this is a further ‘ghettoization’ of disability art.

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Tonkin, Maggie. "Lessons in Survival: The De-funding of Restless Dance Theatre." Journal of Cultural Management and Cultural Policy / Zeitschrift für Kulturmanagement und Kulturpolitik 8, no. 2 (December 1, 2022): 159–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/zkmm-2022-0207.

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Abstract In March 2020, Michelle Ryan, Artistic Director of Restless Dance Theatre, an Australian dance company that includes both disabled and non-disabled dancers, was awarded Australia’s highest dance honour by the Australia Council, the federal arts funding body, for her transformative leadership of the company. Almost simultaneously, the very same Australia Council removed funding support for Restless, threatening the company’s survival. This essay examines Restless’s response to the fundamental incoherence of the Australia Council’s decision and situates it within the broader context of the company’s own evolving practice in disability art, which in effect saw it attempt to create policy in the field. I outline the government policy contexts that underpin both the funding cuts and Restless’s pivot to an alternate source of funding: the ideologically driven ‘culture wars’ underpinning the Coalition government’s hostility to the arts sector, and the establishment of a National Disability Insurance Scheme that enables individual ‘clients’ to access money for arts training. Finally, the essay examines the implications of a dance company receiving funding from a disability service provider rather than from a mainstream arts funding body, questioning whether this is a further ‘ghettoization’ of disability art.

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Pillay, Prashanth. "Online youth political engagement and bureaucratization: The Australian Youth Forum." Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies 25, no. 4 (January 5, 2018): 767–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1354856517750363.

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Through in-depth interviews with all 10 youth representatives who worked in the Australian Youth Forum (AYF), Australia’s first online government youth forum, this article explains how online engagement was experienced and understood by those who managed its day-to-day operation. While the AYF was decommissioned in 2014, it was the first, and, till date, only online federal initiative that invited young people to run a government-funded youth public forum. Despite its relatively short existence, the AYF provokes questions about the influence of historically entrenched political values on online youth political participation and policy. Findings from this article have uncovered a series of challenges faced by youth in adjusting to government efforts to regulate consultation within the AYF. Building on Collin’s (2015, Young Citizens and Political Participation in a Digital Society: Addressing the Democratic Disconnect. London: Palgrave Macmillan.) observation of a ‘democratic disconnect’ in Australian youth policy, an incompatibility between government expectations of youth political involvement and how young people value participation, this article suggests that the AYF provided key insights into the centralized bureaucratic arrangements that have historically defined Australian youth participation and how they influence youth participatory experiences in online government initiatives.

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Sandman, James J. "The Role of the Legal Services Corporation in Improving Access to Justice." Daedalus 148, no. 1 (January 2019): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00543.

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The Legal Services Corporation is the United States' largest funder of civil legal aid for low-income Americans. The LSC funds legal-aid programs that serve households with annual incomes at or below 125 percent of the federal poverty guideline. Legal-aid clients face a wide variety of civil legal problems: wrongful evictions, mortgage foreclosures, domestic violence, wage theft, child custody and child support issues, and denial of essential benefits. This vital work is badly underfunded. The shortfall between the civil legal needs of low-income Americans and the resources available to address those needs is daunting. Federal funding is necessary because support for civil legal aid varies widely from state to state. The LSC uses the “justice gap” metaphor to describe the shortfall between legal needs and legal services. Narrowing the gap is central to the LSC's mission.

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Lash, Karen A. "Executive Branch Support for Civil Legal Aid." Daedalus 148, no. 1 (January 2019): 160–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_00549.

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For government, access to justice is about more than legal justice. Legal services are essential tools to enable government programs to achieve a wide range of goals that help to provide an orderly, prosperous, and safe country. Recent efforts have transformed how some federal and state government officials think about and use civil legal aid to get their work done. Key in convincing them has been empirical evidence about the effectiveness and cost-efficiency of including legal services alongside other supportive services.

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Hicks, Shauna. "Indexing archives for access." Indexer: The International Journal of Indexing: Volume 24, Issue 4 24, no. 4 (October 1, 2005): 200–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/indexer.2005.24.4.13.

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Archival records now in the custody of Australian State and Federal Archives were created by public servants in the normal course of their work. For the most part it was not envisaged that these records would continue to be used by future researchers. This paper looks at how indexing is a means of opening up greater access to archival records, and the challenges that archival indexing poses to both archives and libraries, and private individuals and genealogical societies who publish indexes for researchers.

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Tharenou, Phyllis. "The Impact of a Developmental Performance Appraisal Program on Employee Perceptions in an Australian Federal Agency." Group & Organization Management 20, no. 3 (September 1995): 245–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059601195203002.

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THORLEY, VIRGINIA. "‘School Milk’ in the Context of the Australian Dairy Industry." Rural History 27, no. 1 (March 3, 2016): 103–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956793315000187.

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AbstractAustralia, as with a number of other countries with dairy industries, established a national school milk scheme which operated from 1951 to the beginning of 1974 at no cost to the children's families. The scheme, funded by the federal government and administered by the states, ended abruptly after costs blew out, with resultant losses by the industry. This article describes the limited provision of milk in schools in two states prior to the national scheme and how, after the cessation of the national scheme, dairy industry initiatives in some states were gradually developed to market liquid cow's milk, including flavoured products, at subsidised prices to school children who were perceived as potential lifelong consumers. The article traces the rise and decline of these schemes in the late twentieth century within the context of moves towards dairy deregulation and its effects on the industry.

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Okorocha, Chinomso Chioms. "Treasury Single Account (TSA) and Performance of Public Sector in Enugu State, Nigeria." British Journal of Management and Marketing Studies 5, no. 1 (February 22, 2022): 79–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/bjmms-qdl7gmuv.

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The importance of the introduction of treasury single account cannot be overemphasized given that it is principally to ensure accountability of government revenue, enhance transparency and avoid expropriation of public funds. This study examined the effect of treasury single account on the performance of selected Federal Ministries in Enugu State. The study adopted survey research design. The method ensured that the researcher collects his data at a particular period from the selected sample to describe a large population at that particular point in time. The study area of this research is selected federal ministries namely Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of Education all located in Enugu state. The population of the study constitutes of the staff of two selected federal ministries in Enugu state namely; Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Federal Ministry of Education. The population of the two selected ministries is totaled two hundred and eighty-seven (287) staff. The sample size was derived using the Cochran statistic and the value derived was three hundred and eighty-five (385). To determine the number of staff to be selected from each ministry, the proportionate stratified random sampling approach was used. The data was collected with the aid of a questionnaire that is properly drafted using the 5 scale Likert system for questionnaire. The Cronbach Alpha reliability test was utilized to conduct the reliability test. A cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.78 was derived and was considered acceptable. Frequency tables and percentages was adopted to analyse the demographic characteristics of the respondents and leading research questions while the regression analysis was adopted to test the hypotheses of the study. The major findings of the study were that treasury single account has not significantly ameliorated fund misappropriation in selected federal ministries in Enugu State and treasury single account has not significantly enhanced prompt release of funds for goods and services in selected federal ministries in Enugu State. It is therefore the recommendation of the study that the adoption of TSA alone may not be sufficient to curb corruption in the Nigerian public sector hence the need for the judiciary, police, anti-graft agencies and the media in the country be strengthened to tackle the issues of corruption and ensure transparency, probity and timeliness in handling corruption related cases.

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Trinder, John C. "THE CURRENT STATUS OF MAPPING IN THE WORLD – SPOTLIGHT ON OCEANIA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B4 (June 13, 2016): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b4-95-2016.

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A summary is presented of the results of questionnaires sent to mapping agencies in Oceania, covering Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Island countries, to investigate the status of mapping in those countries. After World War II, the Australian Federal Government funded the initial small scale mapping of the whole country leading to increased percentages of map coverage of Australia. Mapping at larger scales is undertaken by the states and territories in Australia, including cadastral mapping. In New Zealand mapping is maintained by Land Information New Zealand (LINZ) at 1:50,000 scale and smaller with regular updating. The results of the questionnaires also demonstrate the extent of map coverage in six Pacific Islands, but there is little information available on the actual percent coverage. Overall there are estimated to be an increases in the percentages of coverage of most map scales in Oceania. However, there appear to be insufficient professionals in most Pacific Island countries to maintain the mapping programs. Given that many Pacific Island countries will be impacted by rising sea level in the future, better mapping of these countries is essential. The availability of modern technology especially satellite images, digital aerial photography and airborne lidar data should enable the Pacific Island countries to provide better map products in future, but this would depend on foreign aid on many occasions.

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Trinder, John C. "THE CURRENT STATUS OF MAPPING IN THE WORLD – SPOTLIGHT ON OCEANIA." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B4 (June 13, 2016): 95–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b4-95-2016.

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A summary is presented of the results of questionnaires sent to mapping agencies in Oceania, covering Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Island countries, to investigate the status of mapping in those countries. After World War II, the Australian Federal Government funded the initial small scale mapping of the whole country leading to increased percentages of map coverage of Australia. Mapping at larger scales is undertaken by the states and territories in Australia, including cadastral mapping. In New Zealand mapping is maintained by Land Information New Zealand (LINZ) at 1:50,000 scale and smaller with regular updating. The results of the questionnaires also demonstrate the extent of map coverage in six Pacific Islands, but there is little information available on the actual percent coverage. Overall there are estimated to be an increases in the percentages of coverage of most map scales in Oceania. However, there appear to be insufficient professionals in most Pacific Island countries to maintain the mapping programs. Given that many Pacific Island countries will be impacted by rising sea level in the future, better mapping of these countries is essential. The availability of modern technology especially satellite images, digital aerial photography and airborne lidar data should enable the Pacific Island countries to provide better map products in future, but this would depend on foreign aid on many occasions.

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Gallego, Gisselle, Kees van Gool, Robert Casey, and Guy Maddern. "SURGEONS’ VIEWS OF HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT IN AUSTRALIA: ONLINE PILOT SURVEY." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 29, no. 3 (June 17, 2013): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026646231300024x.

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Introduction:Many governments have introduced health technology assessment (HTA) as an important tool to manage the uptake and use of health-related technologies efficiently. Although surgeons play a central role in the uptake and diffusion of new technologies, little is known about their opinion and understanding of the HTA role and process.Methods:A cross-sectional pilot study was conducted using an online questionnaire which was distributed to Fellows of the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons over a 4-week period. Information was sought about knowledge and views of the HTA process. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the data, frequencies, and proportions were calculated.Results:Sixty-two surgeons completed the survey; of these, 55 percent reported their primary work place as a public hospital. Twenty-four percent of the participants reported that they had never heard of the HTA agency and 60 percent reported that surgical procedures are most likely to be introduced in the Australian healthcare system at the public hospital level (which is beyond the HTA's scope and dealt with at a state level). However, 61 percent considered that decisions about funding and adoption of new technologies should take place at the national level.Conclusions:This survey provides some evidence that many surgeons remain unaware of the federal government's HTA process but still value evidence-based information. In order for HTA to be an effective aid to rational adoption of health-related technologies, there is a need for an evidence-based approach that is integrated and is accepted and understood by the medical professions.

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Edmond, Gary, and David Mercer. "Creating (public) science in the Noah's Ark case." Public Understanding of Science 8, no. 4 (October 1999): 317–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0963-6625/8/4/304.

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This paper explores how a recent “Creation Science” case from the Australian Federal Courts was used by an informal alliance of science popularizers (science litigant Ian Plimer, science journalists, and the Australian Skeptics) as a vehicle for the celebratory “boundary working” of “public science,” despite the case's contingent and messy processes and unfavourable legal outcome. This “boundary working” was pursued mainly through the mass media, in which a narrow range of narrative strategies involving well-worn metaphors and clichés conforming to the ideology of science dominated the case's coverage. The dominance of these narratives resulted in a marginalized coverage of the legal/policy ramifications of the case, particularly the role of the courts in preserving/limiting freedom of speech. We will conclude our analysis by identifying some similarities between the Ark case and the Science Wars, nothing that both instances show how the “boundary working” of “public science” can be pursued in a cultural space located at a significant distance from contexts where more tangible science policies are being negotiated.

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Burgess, T. I., J. Edwards, A. Drenth, T. Massenbauer, J. Cunnington, R. Mostowfizadeh-Ghalamfarsa, Q. Dinh, et al. "Current status of Phytophthora in Australia." Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi 47, no. 1 (December 31, 2021): 151–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2021.47.05.

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Among the most economically relevant and environmentally devastating diseases globally are those caused by Phytophthora species. In Australia, production losses in agriculture and forestry results from several well-known cosmopolitan Phytophthora species and infestation of natural ecosystems by Phytophthora cinnamomi have caused irretrievable loss to biodiversity, especially in proteaceous dominated heathlands. For this review, all available records of Phytophthora in Australia were collated and curated, resulting in a database of 7869 records, of which 2957 have associated molecular data. Australian databases hold records for 99 species, of which 20 are undescribed. Eight species have no records linked to molecular data, and their presence in Australia is considered doubtful. The 99 species reside in 10 of the 12 clades recognised within the complete phylogeny of Phytophthora. The review includes discussion on each of these species? status and additional information provided for another 29 species of concern. The first species reported in Australia in 1900 was Phytophthora infestans. By 2000, 27 species were known, predominantly from agriculture. The significant increase in species reported in the subsequent 20 years has coincided with extensive surveys in natural ecosystems coupled with molecular taxonomy and the recognition of numerous new phylogenetically distinct but morphologically similar species. Routine and targeted surveys within Australian natural ecosystems have resulted in the description of 27 species since 2009. Due to the new species descriptions over the last 20 years, many older records have been reclassified based on molecular identification. The distribution of records is skewed toward regions with considerable activity in high productivity agriculture, horticulture and forestry, and native vegetation at risk from P. cinnamomi. Native and exotic hosts of different Phytophthora species are found throughout the phylogeny; however, species from clades 1, 7 and 8 are more likely to be associated with exotic hosts. One of the most difficult challenges to overcome when establishing a pest status is a lack of reliable data on the current state of a species in any given country or location. The database compiled here for Australia and the information provided for each species overcomes this challenge. This review will aid federal and state governments in risk assessments and trade negotiations by providing a comprehensive resource on the current status of Phytophthora species in Australia.

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Archer, Anita, and David M. Challis. "‘The Lucky Country’: How the COVID-19 Pandemic Revitalised Australia’s Lethargic Art Market." Arts 11, no. 2 (April 5, 2022): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts11020049.

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Since its publication in 1964, Australians have used the title of Donald Horne’s book, The Lucky Country, as a term of self-reflective endearment to express the social and economic benefits afforded to the population by the country’s wealth of geographical and environmental advantages. These same advantages, combined with strict border closures, have proven invaluable in protecting Australia from the ravages of the global COVID-19 pandemic, in comparison to many other countries. However, elements of Australia’s arts sector have not been so fortunate. The financial damage of pandemic-driven closures of exhibitions, art events, museums, and art businesses has been compounded by complex government stimulus packages that have excluded many contracted arts workers. Contrarily, a booming fine art auction market and commercial gallery sector driven by stay-at-home local collectors demonstrated remarkable resilience considering the extraordinary circumstances. Nonetheless, this resilience must be contextualised against a decade of underperformance in the Australian art market, fed by the negative impact of national taxation policies and a dearth of Federal government support for the visual arts sector. This paper examines the complex and contradictory landscape of the art market in Australia during the global pandemic, including the extension of pre-pandemic trends towards digitalisation and internationalisation. Drawing on qualitative and quantitative analysis, the paper concludes that Australia is indeed a ‘lucky country’, and that whilst lockdowns have driven stay-at-home collectors to kick-start the local art market, an overdue digital pivot also offers future opportunities in the aftermath of the pandemic for national and international growth.

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Bloemraad, Irene. "The North American Naturalization Gap: An Institutional Approach to Citizenship Acquisition in the United States and Canada." International Migration Review 36, no. 1 (March 2002): 193–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-7379.2002.tb00077.x.

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Using 1990 U.S. Census 5% PUMS and 1991 Canadian Census 3% public and 20% restricted microfiles, this article demonstrates the existence of a North American naturalization gap: immigrants living in Canada are on average much more likely to be citizens than their counterparts in the United States, and they acquire citizenship much faster than those living south of the border. Current theories explaining naturalization differences - focusing on citizenship laws, group traits or the characteristics of individual migrants - fail to explain the naturalization gap. Instead, I propose an institutional approach to citizenship acquisition. States' normative stances regarding immigrant integration (interventionist or autonomous) generate integrated or disconnected institutional configurations between government, ethnic organizations and individuals. Evidence from a case study of Portuguese immigrants living in Massachusetts and Ontario suggests that in Toronto government bureaucrats and federal policy encourage citizenship through symbolic support and instrumental aid to ethnic organizations and community leaders. In contrast, Boston area grassroots groups are expected to mobilize and aid their constituents without direct state support, resulting in lower citizenship levels.

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Samimian-Darash, Limor, and Meg Stalcup. "Anthropology of security and security in anthropology: Cases of counterterrorism in the United States." Anthropological Theory 17, no. 1 (November 7, 2016): 60–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1463499616678096.

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In this article we propose a mode of analysis that allows us to consider security as a form distinct from insecurity, in order to capture the heterogeneity of security objects, logics and forms of action. We first develop a genealogy for the anthropology of security, demarcating four main approaches: violence and state terror; military, militarization, and militarism; para-state securitization; and what we submit as ‘security assemblages.’ Security assemblages move away from focusing on security formations per se, and how much violence or insecurity they yield, to identifying and studying security forms of action, whether or not they are part of the nation-state. As an approach to anthropological inquiry and theory, it is oriented toward capturing how these forms of action work and what types of security they produce. We illustrate security assemblages through our fieldwork on counterterrorism in the domains of law enforcement, biomedical research and federal-state counter-extremism, in each case arriving at a diagnosis of the form of action. The set of distinctions that we propose is intended as an aid to studying empirical situations, particularly of security, and, on another level, as a proposal for an approach to anthropology today. We do not expect that the distinctions that aid us will suffice in every circumstance. Rather, we submit that this work presents a set of specific insights about contemporary US security, and an example of a new approach to anthropological problems.

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PAGE, KENNETH, GERALD NANSON, and DAVID PRICE. "Chronology of Murrumbidgee River palaeochannels on the Riverine Plain, southeastern Australia." Journal of Quaternary Science 11, no. 4 (July 1996): 311–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1417(199607/08)11:4<311::aid-jqs256>3.0.co;2-1.

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Owens, Laurence, Rosalyn Shute, and Phillip Slee. "?Guess what I just heard!?: Indirect aggression among teenage girls in Australia." Aggressive Behavior 26, no. 1 (2000): 67–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-2337(2000)26:1<67::aid-ab6>3.0.co;2-c.

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Farahmandi, Tahmine S., Ivo Dobrev, Namkeun Kim, Jongwoo Lim, Flurin Pfiffner, Alexander M. Huber, and Christof Röösli. "Wave propagation across the skull under bone conduction: Dependence on coupling methods." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, no. 3 (March 2022): 1593–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0009676.

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This study is aimed at the quantitative investigation of wave propagation through the skull bone and its dependence on different coupling methods of the bone conduction hearing aid (BCHA). Experiments were conducted on five Thiel embalmed whole head cadaver specimens. An electromagnetic actuator from a commercial BCHA was mounted on a 5-Newton steel headband, at the mastoid, on a percutaneously implanted screw (Baha® Connect), and transcutaneously with a Baha® Attract (Cochlear Limited, Sydney, Australia), at the clinical bone anchored hearing aid (BAHA) location. Surface motion was quantified by sequentially measuring ∼200 points on the skull surface via a three-dimensional laser Doppler vibrometer (3D LDV) system. The experimental procedure was repeated virtually, using a modified LiUHead finite element model (FEM). Both experiential and FEM methods showed an onset of deformations; first near the stimulation area, at 250–500 Hz, which then extended to the inferior ipsilateral skull surface, at 0.5–2 kHz, and spread across the whole skull above 3–4 kHz. Overall, stiffer coupling (Connect versus Headband), applied at a location with lower mechanical stiffness (the BAHA location versus mastoid), led to a faster transition and lower transition frequency to local deformations and wave motion. This behaviour was more evident at the BAHA location, as the mastoid was more agnostic to coupling condition.

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Gr�n, Rainer, Kevin Moriarty, and Rod Wells. "Electron spin resonance dating of the fossil deposits in the Naracoorte Caves, South Australia." Journal of Quaternary Science 16, no. 1 (January 2001): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1099-1417(200101)16:1<49::aid-jqs570>3.0.co;2-#.

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Yee, David. "Forging Mixtec Identity in the Mexican Metropolis: Race, Indigenismo and Mixtec Migrant Associations in Mexico City, 1940−70." Journal of Latin American Studies 54, no. 1 (January 10, 2022): 55–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x21000985.

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AbstractThis article presents a social history of the Coalición de los Pueblos Mixtecos Oaxaqueños (Coalition of Mixtec Oaxacan Communities, CPMO), a grouping of mutual-aid associations formed by Indigenous migrants in Mexico City during the middle of the twentieth century. It draws on the coalition's archives to demonstrate how years of migration to Mexico City eroded traditional inter-village conflicts and created the conditions for a broader ethnic identity among Mixtec migrants in the capital. In addition, the coalition's collaboration with the federal government's Instituto Nacional Indigenista (National Indigenous Institute, INI) challenges common depictions of Indigeneity and modernisation as being inherently antagonistic with one another. The coalition's collaboration with the INI led its members to more consciously and visibly identify with their Indigenous roots; they had to become more Indigenous in order to become more modern.

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KOLOSKOVA, Yuliya I., Denis V. PARSHUKOV, and Zinaida E. SHAPOROVA. "The volume of goods and services consumed by rural population as a metric of quality of life and standard of living." National Interests: Priorities and Security 17, no. 9 (September 15, 2021): 1762–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ni.17.9.1762.

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Subject. The article discusses the consumption of goods and services in rural areas of the Krasnoyarsk Krai. Objectives. We analyze the way the rural population consumes goods and services, evaluate the extent of their municipal differentiation by the standard of living and quality of life. Methods. We draw upon the normative and comparative methods of data analysis by consumption of goods by the rural population and the availability of infrastructure. Results. Social benefits were found to account for almost 40 percent of income received by the rural population. The population’s income strongly depends on social benefits in the majority of rural areas. The low income per capita determines the low purchasing power of the population. We demonstrate that most rural people consumes products they grow at their private land plots, thus reducing the share of retail turnover. Rural population practically cannot purchase goods for the long-term use. The volume of paid services per capita does keep below RUB 5,000 in the most of the rural areas. Conclusions and Relevance. The study helped evaluate the consumption in the rural areas of the Krasnoyarsk Krai and determine municipal districts where people need aid of the regional and federal authorities most of all. If institutional processes change in the rural areas, the social functions will be performed most effectively.

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Saunders, Peter. "Ronald Mendlesohn (ed.), Finance of Old Age, Centre for Research on Federal Financial Relations, Australian National University, Canberra, 1986, 366 pp., $25 (pbk), no ISBN." Ageing and Society 7, no. 4 (December 1987): 484–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x00013179.

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Sneddon, Joanne N., Uwana Evers, and Julie A. Lee. "Personal Values and Choice of Charitable Cause: An Exploration of Donors’ Giving Behavior." Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly 49, no. 4 (February 26, 2020): 803–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0899764020908339.

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Research shows that personal values influence the decision to donate to charity. However, studies of values and charitable giving have not yet examined how refined values relate to an individual donor’s choice of charitable cause. In this article, we examine relations between donors’ value priorities and their support for nine different types of charitable cause. We do this across two samples of donors from Australia and the United States. We show clear evidence of refined value motivations for donations to environmental, animal welfare, religious or spiritual, and international aid charities, as well as giving to other types of causes (i.e., arts or culture, education, health services, community or welfare services, and sporting clubs). Our findings suggest that the study of donor’s values can offer a more nuanced understanding of what motivates their choice of charitable cause, with the potential to inform fundraising research and practice.

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Augustinus, Paul C., Stephen A. Short, and Henk Heijnis. "Uranium/thorium dating of ferricretes from mid- to late pleistocene glacial sediments, western Tasmania, Australia." Journal of Quaternary Science 12, no. 4 (July 1997): 295–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1417(199707/08)12:4<295::aid-jqs309>3.0.co;2-8.

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Beaumont, Natasha E. "“It makes you feel a little bit freer”: Committing to creativity: A hermeneutic phenomenological study of a primary teacher’s use of drama with additional language learners." Teachers and Curriculum 22, no. 2 (November 3, 2022): 35–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15663/tandc.v22i2.405.

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Creative pedagogies contribute significantly to children’s cognitive, social and linguistic development. This article discusses the drama-based creative literacy practice of an early primary teacher in a high diversity school in Sydney, Australia. Literacy pedagogy blended with drama and role play was shown to aid oracy whilst also adding valuable semiotic support for language learners. Video recordings of this teacher’s lessons formed the basis of a hermeneutic phenomenological study into the affordances of drama in additional language contexts. Findings revealed positive contributions to learner comprehension and engagement. They also indicated that the pressure of an over-crowded curriculum necessitates personal commitment to creative arts pedagogy on the part of the teacher. Despite policy rhetoric promoting creativity as a key capability, creativity itself is seen to be stymied in an educational context heavily prioritising standardisation and assessment. Without systemic support, it is left to motivated, individual teachers to prioritise creative learning experiences in schools.

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Olubunmi, Odewumi Michael. "Using Procedural And Conceptual Colour Stimulation-Game As an Instructional Gizmo For Nigerian Students." Journal of Games, Game Art, and Gamification 3, no. 2 (October 19, 2021): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/jggag.v3i2.7253.

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This research study focused on investigating on the effect of colour stimulation-game on Nigerian Junior secondary school creative arts by adopting quasi-experimental research design with 60 junior secondary schools of three co-educational, from Private, Public and Federal Secondary Schools using simple random sampling technique to randomly select The three secondary schools assigned to both experimental and control groups. With the aid of two instruments which were The Colour Stimulation-game and Colour Stimulation-Game Achievement Test (CSGAT), the data was collected. Frequency counts and percentage distribution, mean, standard deviation, independent t-test, ANOVA and ANCOVA were used to analyse the data demographic information, the research question and the hypothesis generated respectively. The researcher found out that the students taught with Stimulus perform better after treatment than the student taught with conventional teaching method, students taught with Colour Stimulus game performed better when exposed to treatment than their students taught with conventional teaching method and female students taught with Colour Stimulus game performed better than their male students. It was recommended that that creative arts instructors should utilizes, colour stimuli game and reducing conventional method do as to impact the appropriates knowledge for studentsKeywords: Colour Stimulation-Game, Colour, Game and instruction, Game, Significant in games

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Ramsay, Georgina. "Humanitarian exploits: Ordinary displacement and the political economy of the global refugee regime." Critique of Anthropology 40, no. 1 (April 5, 2019): 3–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308275x19840417.

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Can the displacement of refugees continue to be understood as exceptional? The recent global increase in refugees has prompted calls to develop new solutions to displacement that focus on integrating refugees into the local economies of nations that receive them. Transforming refugees from economic burdens to economic benefits does not, however, resolve displacement: doing so only shifts the project of refugee protection from a supposedly humanitarian imperative to an economic incentive. Examining how political economy intersects with moral economy in the global refugee regime by drawing on fieldwork conducted with refugees in Uganda and Australia, I describe how efforts to incorporate refugees into local economies not only fail to resolve their displacement but serve to exacerbate it, with such ‘humanitarian exploits’ transforming refugees from recipients of humanitarian aid to highly exploitable workers who are, in their words, unable to ‘make a life’. I consider that continuing to analyse refugees as objects of humanitarian intervention rather than actors in a globalised political economy is a way to reproduce the exceptionality of refugee experiences and conceal how their lives are implicated within and indicative of new formations of global capitalism. Not only is the displacement of refugees not exceptional: it is emblematic of an increasingly globalised experience of ordinary displacement through which citizenship and civic rights are stratified by reducing the value of human life to the potential to extract economic productivity.

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Reimer, Ekkehart. "La crisis financiera como oportunidad político-constitucional : el nuevo freno al endeudamiento en la Constitución Alemana." Teoría y Realidad Constitucional, no. 28 (June 1, 2011): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5944/trc.28.2011.6955.

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In course of the financial crisis, States have proven to be strong actors. However, they have paid a high price for the demonstration of their power-skyrocketing budgetary deficits as well as an alarming increase of overall public debts. With regard to EU Member States, it is true that EU law has mitigated tendencies towards deficit-spending to a considerable degree and that these merits are due to State Aid rules (Arts. 87 et seq. EC Treaty, now Arts. 107 et seq. TFEU) rather than to the Stability and Growth Pact. Many Member States, however, regard an autonomous reduction of deficits as indispensable and take constitutional measures to restrict their annual deficits and/or overall debts. The article analyses the amendments to the German Grundgesetz as well as accompagnying legislation which have been enacted by the Bundestag and Bundesrat in July 2009 as a „Föderalismusreform II“, a major reconfiguration of the legal rules on public deficits on both the federal level and the level of the 16 Länder (states), and provides an outlook on further steps to be taken in the future.En la crisis financiera los Estados se han mostrado como agentes poderosos. Ahora bien, han pagado un precio muy elevado por esta demostración de su capacidad de acción: un aumento vertiginoso de su nuevo endeudamiento neto y un incremento preocupante de la deuda acumulada. Dentro de la Unión Europea, si bien el Derecho de la Unión ha suavizado en considerable medida la tendencia de los Estados a financiarse mediante déficit, esto se ha debido más a una inteligente aplicación de las normas en materia de ayudas estatales [arts. 87 y 88 del Tratado de la Comunidad Europea (antigua versión), actualmente arts. 107 y 108 del Tratado de Funcionamiento de la Unión Europea] y menos al Pacto de Estabilidad y Crecimiento. No obstante, muchos Estados miembros consideran a la vez indispensable una reducción autónoma del déficit, y están adoptando medidas constitucionales para limitar su nuevo endeudamiento anual y/o su deuda acumulada. El presente trabajo analiza la reforma de la Ley Fundamental alemana y la legislación de acompañamiento que aprobaron el Bundestag y el Bundesrat en julio de 2009 en el marco de la segunda reforma del federalismo (Föderalismusreform II), una reordenación fundamental de la normativa en materia de déficit público, tanto en el ámbito federal como de los dieciséis Estados Federados (Länder), y aporta una visión prospectiva de qué reformas adicionales son necesarias.

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Burbank Berkeley, V. K., and Clayton A. Robarchek. "Fighting women: Anger and aggression in aboriginal australia, by V. K. Burbank. Berkeley, University of California Press, 1994, 250 pp." Aggressive Behavior 21, no. 4 (1995): 311–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1098-2337(1995)21:4<311::aid-ab2480210407>3.0.co;2-y.

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Vickery, Jamie, Paul Atkinson, Leesa Lin, Olivier Rubin, Ross Upshur, Eng-Kiong Yeoh, Chris Boyer, and Nicole A. Errett. "Challenges to evidence-informed decision-making in the context of pandemics: qualitative study of COVID-19 policy advisor perspectives." BMJ Global Health 7, no. 4 (April 2022): e008268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2021-008268.

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IntroductionThe exceptional production of research evidence during the COVID-19 pandemic required deployment of scientists to act in advisory roles to aid policy-makers in making evidence-informed decisions. The unprecedented breadth, scale and duration of the pandemic provides an opportunity to understand how science advisors experience and mitigate challenges associated with insufficient, evolving and/or conflicting evidence to inform public health decision-making.ObjectivesTo explore critically the challenges for advising evidence-informed decision-making (EIDM) in pandemic contexts, particularly around non-pharmaceutical control measures, from the perspective of experts advising policy-makers during COVID-19 globally.MethodsWe conducted in-depth qualitative interviews with 27 scientific experts and advisors who are/were engaged in COVID-19 EIDM representing four WHO regions and 11 countries (Australia, Canada, Colombia, Denmark, Ghana, Hong Kong, Nigeria, Sweden, Uganda, UK, USA) from December 2020 to May 2021. Participants informed decision-making at various and multiple levels of governance, including local/city (n=3), state/provincial (n=8), federal or national (n=20), regional or international (n=3) and university-level advising (n=3). Following each interview, we conducted member checks with participants and thematically analysed interview data using NVivo for Mac software.ResultsFindings from this study indicate multiple overarching challenges to pandemic EIDM specific to interpretation and translation of evidence, including the speed and influx of new, evolving, and conflicting evidence; concerns about scientific integrity and misinterpretation of evidence; the limited capacity to assess and produce evidence, and adapting evidence from other contexts; multiple forms of evidence and perspectives needed for EIDM; the need to make decisions quickly and under conditions of uncertainty; and a lack of transparency in how decisions are made and applied.ConclusionsFindings suggest the urgent need for global EIDM guidance that countries can adapt for in-country decisions as well as coordinated global response to future pandemics.

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Goede, Albert, Frank McDermott, Chris Hawkesworth, John Webb, and Brian Finlayson. "Evidence of Younger Dryas and Neoglacial cooling in a Late Quaternary palaeotemperature record from a speleothem in eastern Victoria, Australia." Journal of Quaternary Science 11, no. 1 (January 1996): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-1417(199601/02)11:1<1::aid-jqs219>3.0.co;2-2.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Federal aid to the arts – Australia'

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