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1
Priest, Beatrice. "Fecundity and sterility in Dante." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708536.
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Giolito, Eugenio. "Marriage markets, differential fecundity and search." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/1754.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004.Thesis research directed by: Economics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Hogg, Jonathan C. "Effects of Plasmodium infection on anopheline mosquito fecundity." Thesis, Keele University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261487.
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Espitia, Paola G. "Survivorship, Growth, and Fecundity of Eunicea flexuosa (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) Transplants." NSUWorks, 2013. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/100.
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Octocorals are important components of many reef benthic communities, and efforts to restore populations following damage events and relocating colonies preceding permitted activities is becoming part of regulatory processes. Because many octocorals have regenerative capabilities ideal for removing branch clippings (fragments), they may make excellent donors, sources of transplants, for restoration efforts. This study examined the effect of fragment size, fragmentation timing, and transplantation on the survivorship, growth, and fecundity of Eunicea flexuosa clippings and donor colonies. Eunicea flexuosa clippings 20 cm in height were transplanted to a ship grounding site offshore southeast Florida in April 2010 and November 2010. Data collected during the June through September spawning months in 2010 and 2011 revealed high survivorship among all transplants (85%), however partial mortality from encrustation by bio-fouling organisms ensued. Growth rates among donor colonies was high. The fecundity of fragments transplanted in May was not negatively affected in 2010; however the fecundity of all transplants was lower than that of donor colonies in 2011, with oocytes failing to reach reproductive size. Re-allocation of energy resources towards tissue repair may account for the low growth and loss in fecundity. This study highlights the importance of evaluating fragment size and collection time in promoting growth and propagation of transplanted octocorals following damage and prior to marine construction events.
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Akey, David H., and George D. Butler. "Development and Fecundity of Aphis gossypii (Homoptera: Aphididae) on Cotton." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/221233.
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Cotton aphids. Aphis gossypii. from a source near Phoenix. AZ were found to have an optimal developmental temperature of 27.5 °C with a developmental time of 5 days. Fecundity was optimal at 25 °C with 2.85 mean nymphs/day. Both development and fecundity were linear. The optimal temperature for fecundity was higher than those previously reported for cotton aphids in more moderate climates.
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Peters, Anna L. "The Effects of Soil Phosphorus on Acer rubrum Fecundity." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1398164024.
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Zhang, Xu. "Fecundity and husband-wife age and education gaps at first marriage." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2009.
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8
Khamis, Said A. M. "The Swahili novelist at the crossroad: the dilemma of identity and fecundity." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-91101.
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\"Are there any national literatures in black Africa yet? The simple answer is no. [...] If one examines the development of the African language literature that do exists, one is struck by certain recurring tendencies. Many of the books produced, particularly the early works, are of a predominantly moralistic nature. Sometimes they are retelling of folk stories or Bible stories, sometimes imitations of European religious literature, sometimes both.\\\" (Lindfors 1997: 121; 123)
Certain anomalies are obvious in the above extract. Swahili written literature with its long-standing tradition, dating far back to the 17th century, has relativly gathered its own aesthetic criteria, values and sensibility, hence \\\'own\\\' integrity and world view. I dare say that Lindfors will be suprised to learn today, how fast the Swahili novel has developed since when he had left it when he read Andrzejewski et al (1985) and Gérard (1981), who (by the way), themselves did not then see the their works as presenting a complete picture of African literatures in African languages.
This essay aims at showing the predicament of the Swahili novelist at the crossroads and how, in a contemporary situation, s/he works out his or her strategies towards resolving the impasses.
9
Taylor, David M. "Aspects of multiparous snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio) fecundity in insular Newfoundland waters." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/mq25892.pdf.
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Long, Tristan Amik Francis. "Of mice, mothers and mirror-images, testing relationships between asymmetry and fecundity." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ61920.pdf.
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Kennedy, James. "Maternal effects and fecundity of plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) in the Irish Sea." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.428232.
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The fecundity of Irish Sea plaice caught from Liverpool Bay, the Cumbrian coast and in the western Irish Sea was estimated in 200 1, 2003 and 2004 and was compared with data previously collected for the years 1953, 1995 and 2000. The fecundity was also estimated for plaice caught during September 2004 and 2005. Temporal variation in fecundity was greatest in the western Irish Sea, followed by the Cumbrian coast and there were no significant differences between years in Liverpool Bay. Fecundity estimates from September did not differ between years or between areas but was higher than fecundities estimated during the spawning season. The maximum fecundity of an individual fish was determined by the weight of the fish at the end of follicle proliferation. This was then down regulated by atresia during the period between the cessation of follicle proliferation and spawning. The differences in fecundity between years and areas are hypothesised to be due to differences in the degree of down regulation. To examine if the degree of down regulation was affected by the feeding level during late vitellogenesis, plaice were housed in individual pens and fed on either a high or low ration of food in late autumn. Biopsy samples were taken at the beginning, middle and end of the experiment and follicle size was determined using image analysis, the percentage of atretic follicles was noted and the change in ovary weight was monitored. Follicle growth rate increased with food level and the level of atresia was negatively correlated with change in condition factor. As food level decreased there was an increased dependence on stored reserves for metabolism and follicle growth. The Total Egg Production (TEP) for plaice for the whole Irish Sea was back calculated using available fecundity estimates and the Virtual Population Analysis (VPA) data from 1964 to 2004 and compared with indices of recruitment at age 1. TEP was positively related to SSB. Recruitment at age 1 was not related to TEP or SSB. Mortality between the egg stage and recruitment was positively related to TEP which is believed to be due to density dependent processes occurring during the nursery ground phase. The estimates of TEP were approximately one third of the direct estimates of stage 1 egg production from plankton surveys in the eastern Irish Sea. This is hypothesised to be due to inaccuracies in the VPA data. The effects of maternal size on various egg and larval characteristics were examined using plaice caught from coastal waters around the Isle of Man (Great Britain) and Bergen (Norway). Egg batches were incubated at 7°C with larvae from one batch being monitored at the individual level. Egg size increased with maternal size, with larger eggs producing larger larvae with a greater yolk sac volume. Eggs . from earlier batches had greater incubation times than eggs from later times. A longer incubation time led to bigger larvae but with a smaller yolk sac volume. Growth during the two weeks after hatching was related to size at hatching and yolk sac volume, with smaller larvae with larger yolk sacs having the greatest growth. Larger larvae had no survival advantage under the present experimental conditions, which had a plentiful supply of food and no predators.
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Khamis, Said A. M. "The Swahili novelist at the crossroad: the dilemma of identity and fecundity." Swahili Forum 14 (2007), S. 165-180, 2007. https://ul.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A11501.
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\"Are there any national literatures in black Africa yet? The simple answer is no. [...] If one examines the development of the African language literature that do exists, one is struck by certain recurring tendencies. Many of the books produced, particularly the early works, are of a predominantly moralistic nature. Sometimes they are retelling of folk stories or Bible stories, sometimes imitations of European religious literature, sometimes both.\\\" (Lindfors 1997: 121; 123)
Certain anomalies are obvious in the above extract. Swahili written literature with its long-standing tradition, dating far back to the 17th century, has relativly gathered its own aesthetic criteria, values and sensibility, hence \\\''own\\\'' integrity and world view. I dare say that Lindfors will be suprised to learn today, how fast the Swahili novel has developed since when he had left it when he read Andrzejewski et al (1985) and Gérard (1981), who (by the way), themselves did not then see the their works as presenting a complete picture of African literatures in African languages.
This essay aims at showing the predicament of the Swahili novelist at the crossroads and how, in a contemporary situation, s/he works out his or her strategies towards resolving the impasses.
13
Wright, Andrew William. "Fecundity and oviposition behaviour of the cowpea seed beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius)." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1986. http://repository.royalholloway.ac.uk/items/edf20917-cbba-4f3b-b9e0-a68a60e3ed74/1/.
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The reproductive biology of three strains of Callosobruchus maculatus F. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), the cowpea-seed beetle, was studied. This beetle is a serious pest of stored legume seeds in the semi-arid tropics. As females aged, energy reserves were depleted and aspects of this decline were related to the number of eggs laid in order to explain the observed daily egg laying pattern of C. macuiatus. Various factors affected the fecundity of females. The initial adult weight of females showed a strong positive relationship with the number of eggs laid. Substances, which could be extracted from cowpeas, were shown to be necessary to allow normal oviposition on an artificial substrate, glass beads. The male contribution to female fecundity was also investigated. Approximately half of the study was concerned with factors which govern a female's choice of oviposition site. The presence of a pheromone which enabled females to distribute their eggs more efficiently among cowpeas was demonstrated. This demonstration necessitated the development of a bioassay using a choice chamber which allowed beetles to choose between cowpeas marked with pheromone and control cowpeas. Using the bioassay, the solubility of the pheromone in different solvents was examined. The persistence of the pheromone over different periods of time was investigated and it was shown that the pheromone can remain active for at least thirty days. In addition to the marking pheromone, the role of physical characteristics of the oviposition substrates was also studied. The surface area and weight of such substrates were shown to affect the choice of oviposition site by females. The results obtained are discussed in the context of previous work on bruchids, particularly models of oviposition behaviour proposed by some workers.
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Williams, Sharon R. "Energy balance, health and fecundity among Bhutia women of Gangtok, Sikkim, India." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1061295651.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xvii, 200 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Douglas E. Crews, Dept. of Anthropology. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 175-186).
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Free, Emma. "Reproductive processes in the European lobster, Homarus gammarus." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262569.
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Hall, Donald Lincoln. "Growth, fecundity, and recruitment responses of stunted brook trout populations to density reduction." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31017.
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Stunting is widespread among brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis populations in high alpine lakes in the eastern Sierra Nevada, California. Due to their small size and poor condition, stunted brook trout are undesirable as sport fish. In the same area, a few lakes contain large brook trout. Population density was the primary difference between lakes with different sized fish. I hypothesized that in lakes with large fish the food ration per individual was sufficient and that in lakes with stunted fish the food ration was the limiting factor. I carried out removal experiments on eight brook trout populations to test the hypothesis (1) that fish size is inversely related to population density, and by that evaluate density reduction as a means of improving growth in stunted brook trout.
I considered seven additional hypotheses regarding the relationships between brook trout population density and growth, fecundity, and recruitment: (2) growth response is proportional to density reduction; (3) growth response is inversely proportional to pre-reduction density; (4) growth responses of juvenile and senescent fish are less affected by density reductions than mature, reproductively active fish; (5) growth response to density reduction is inversely proportional to lake elevation; (6) fish size is proportional to angling pressure; (7) fecundity response is proportional to the reduction in population density; and (8) recruitment response is inversely related to density.
I used gillnets to simultaneously remove part of the population and estimate population size through catch depletion methods that allow variable catchability. Catchability varied with lake size and with abundance, increasing as population abundance declined. Increased catchability can be explained by behavioral responses. I measured and aged 16000+ brook trout from 71 lakes, 9800+ from the eight experimental lakes. I validated annual structures on otoliths using a fluorochrome mark. For the experimental lakes, I back-calculated previous population sizes using estimates of number at age in 1989, catch at age in 1987-1988, and survival rates at age estimated from catch data collected in 1987-1989. I converted population estimates into density estimates of fish and biomass per lake surface area and volume.
I tested hypothesis 1 by using survey data from 61 populations and by experimentally manipulating density in eight populations. The survey data suggested that size differences between populations of brook trout are a function of population density. Results from the eight removal experiments showed that fish size was inversely related to population density, though the increases in fish size were minor. The relationship between change in length and weight was roughly proportional to the change in density (hypothesis 2). Hypothesis 3 suggested differences in the severity of stunting in alpine lakes, and that the growth response of severely stunted populations would be more pronounced than the response of less stunted fish in lower density populations. The result was opposite; the growth response in lower density populations was greater than the response in higher density populations, suggesting that the growth response may have been proportional to the pre-reduction density. Hypothesis 4 suggested that the growth response for juvenile brook trout would be less than that for the pre-senescent adult population. The results refuted the juvenile portion of hypothesis 4: response for juveniles was greater than the response of the adults, perhaps because of greater recuperative abilities in young fish. The data supported the hypothesis that the growth response would be diminished in older fish.
There was no relationship between elevation and growth response (hypothesis 5). Sport fishing had little effect on the growth of brook trout populations (hypothesis 6). Heavily fished populations were also stunted. Stunted brook trout had fecundities similar to non-stunted brook trout of the same size (hypothesis 7). Individual fecundity did increase in response to density reduction, but no more than would be expected from the increase in size. In several populations mean absolute fecundity decreased with age. Ovary weight was maintained by an apparent increase in mean egg size in older fish. The recruitment response varied between lakes (hypothesis 8). Recruitment did increase, likely in response to reduced cannibalism or competition, but I also found recruitment failure at the highest levels of density reduction. Strong cohorts were produced by increased juvenile survival rather than increased population fecundity, since population fecundity had decreased due to removal of most of the adult population. In one lake with almost no recruitment, densities remained low and fish weight doubled. For density reduction to be an effective means of increasing fish size, recruitment must be inhibited.Science, Faculty of
Zoology, Department of
Graduate
17
Campbell, Robert William. "Reproduction of Calanus finmarchicus in the western North Atlantic, fecundity and hatching success." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0020/MQ49325.pdf.
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Gelinas, Malorie B. "Quantitative genetics of phenotypic plasticity in fecundity in the sand cricket Gryllus firmus." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33764.
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I investigated the genetic basis of the trade-off between early fecundity (measured as ovary weight) and flight capability (measured as flight muscle mass) in two different environments (ad libitum and reduced food treatments) in females of a wing dimorphic cricket, Gryllus firmus. I found that the food environment did not affect the fecundity ratio between the two wing morphs. Consequently, while long wing (LW) females partially histolyse their dorso-longitudinal wing muscles (DLM) it is not enough to compensate for the low food treatment. Genetic parameters were estimated using a half-sib analysis on the LW females. The genetic correlation between the two traits was not different from -1 in both environments. According to the mixed-model ANOVA, the genetic correlation across environments for both traits did not differ from +1. Therefore, the heritability estimates of the pooled ovary weight and the pooled DLM weight were calculated and were significant. These results indicate that fitness resulting from the trade-off between flight capability and fecundity is not affected by varying food conditions.
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Ritter, Kate. "Fecundity of Triploid Eastern Oyster (Crassostrea virginica) as a Function of Tetraploid Lineage." W&M ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1582642221.
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Rapid growth rate and partial sterility have made triploid eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) the most popular crop variety for the Virginia oyster aquaculture industry, typically comprising greater than 90% of larvae and juvenile sales. Triploid advantages, however, sometimes come with the disadvantage of higher mortality in late spring and early summer, dubbed “triploid mortality.” In recent years, farms up and down the East Coast, especially Maryland and south into the Gulf of Mexico have experienced triploid mortality. Some of the reports include observations of elevated triploid fecundity. Triploid oysters are created by crossing tetraploids to diploids, and much of the commercial broodstock is acquired through the Virginia Institute of Marine Science Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Technology Center (ABC). Tetraploid oysters are created from fecund triploid females and propagated favoring the most fertile tetraploids. We hypothesized that heritable fertility may be transferred to the commercial product, possibly yielding fertile triploid oysters. To investigate this possibility, twelve half-sibling families were produced by crossing individual tetraploid males with aliquots from a pooled source of eggs from diploid females. Tetraploid males came from tetraploid lines bred for one, two, five, or eight generations. Two replicates of each family were deployed to two sites: a site known for episodes of triploid mortality on the Eastern Shore of Chesapeake Bay, and at a control site in the Rappahannock River. Temperature and salinity exhibited typical patterns at both sites while oysters were raised to market size. When compared to the control site, cumulative mortality of triploid oysters at the Eastern Shore location was significantly higher, with significantly lower growth rate and fecundity; the latter measured by direct egg counts at peak ripeness. Diploid oysters performed similarly at both sites and exhibited significantly greater fecundity than triploids. Fecundity differed significantly among several triploid families based upon paternal lineage, but fecundity did not vary as a function of tetraploid lineage.
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Ratcliffe, Sophia Emma Thirza. "Competition and coexistence in experimental annual plant communities." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11515.
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Hendry, Tory A., Kelley J. Clark, and David A. Baltrus. "A highly infective plant-associated bacterium influences reproductive rates in pea aphids." ROYAL SOC, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/617209.
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Pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum, have the potential to increase reproduction as a defence against pathogens, though how frequently this occurs or how infection with live pathogens influences this response is not well understood. Here we determine the minimum infective dose of an environmentally common bacterium and possible aphid pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae, to determine the likelihood of pathogenic effects to pea aphids. Additionally, we used P. syringae infection to investigate how live pathogens may alter reproductive rates. We found that oral bacterial exposure decreased subsequent survival of aphids in a dose-dependent manner and we estimate that ingestion of less than 10 bacterial cells is sufficient to increase aphid mortality. Pathogen dose was positively related to aphid reproduction. Aphids exposed to low bacterial doses showed decreased, although statistically indistinguishable, fecundity compared to controls. Aphids exposed to high doses reproduced significantly more than low dose treatments and also more, but not significantly so, than controls. These results are consistent with previous studies suggesting that pea aphids may use fecundity compensation as a response to pathogens. Consequently, even low levels of exposure to a common plant-associated bacterium may therefore have significant effects on pea aphid survival and reproduction.
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Kim, Ki Wook. "The roles and interactions of Clade II Argonautes in Arabidopsis thaliana." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/12138.
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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) orchestrate a myriad of developmental and stress-related processes in higher eukaryotes. In both plants and animals, miRNAs load members of the ARGONAUTE (AGO) protein family, which mediate the cleavage or translational repression of complementary RNA targets. In Arabidopsis thaliana, AGO1 is the founding member of a 10-strong family, functioning as the prime effector for most miRNAs. Whilst the sRNA-guided functions of most other members have also been characterised, the biological significance of AGO3 has remained completely unknown. In this thesis, strong evidence is provided to support the role of AGO3 and its duplicated paralogue AGO2, as major effectors of miR168 in floral tissues. Simultaneous knockdowns of both members in ago23 double mutants resulted in a dramatic overexpression of AGO1 protein in floral tissues and pleiotropic reproductive defects, such as deformed terminal flowers, impaired pollen tube guidance and infertility. Moreover, the overexpression of floral AGO1 correlated strongly with disruptions in both the accumulation and function of multiple miRNAs. Inhibition of miR168 using artificial target mimicry produced plants that closely phenocopied the ago23 reproductive defects, strongly indicating that they directly stem from the de-repression of AGO1 in floral tissues. Furthermore, like AGO2 mRNA, a functional miR403 target site was found within the 3’UTR of AGO3, subjecting it to cleavage by miR403-guided AGO1 in the floral tissues. Altogether, these results reveal an unanticipated partnership between AGO2 and AGO3, as complementary governors of floral AGO1 expression, globally influencing miRNA activity throughout the course of reproduction. Also, they uncover a complex inter-regulatory relationship between these three AGOs coordinated by miR168 and miR403, which appears essential for both reproductive development and fecundity of Arabidopsis plants.
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Cardoso, Ana Cristina de Jesus. "The population biology of the gooseneck barnacle Pollicipes pollicipes (Gmelin, 1790) in the Algarve, southwest Portugal." Thesis, Bangor University, 1998. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-population-biology-of-the-gooseneck-barnacle-pollicipes-pollicipes-gmelin-1790-in-the-algarve-southwest-portugal(cdec5855-34ad-49d1-8705-9aee92c8c722).html.
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The pedunculated cirripede Pollicipes pollicipes (Gmelin) is of considerable economic importance in Portugal, particularly along the southwest coast. The current knowledge of its biology is poor, as evidenced by the paucity of available literature. Over a period of two years, P. pollicipes populations at Castelejo and Zavial were sampled from different tidal levels at approximately monthly intervals. Populations at two other sites, Ponta- da- Fisga and Sagres, were also sampled but at irregular intervals. The current study has provided definitive information on the annual reproductive cycle of P. pollicipes that is essential for any attempt at fisheries management. It is shown conclusively that shell-banding techniques are easily applicable to age and growth studies on these lepadomorph barnacles and has provided initial information on the growth rates and factors influencing shell deposition in experimental situations. An exhaustive data set provides a complete set of morphometric tools for the conversion of length measurements into dry and ash-free weights and demonstrates little differences between shapes of P. pollicipes on the different shores sampled. The demonstration that P. pollicipes is an obligate cross-fertilising barnacle has subtle implications in managing the fishery since it is imperative that any adopted policy incorporates aggregates of the barnacle as a unit necessary to ensure continuing recruitment. P. pollicipes when grown under simulated semi-diurnal conditions of emersion and immersion lay down clearly defined bands with almost an exact coincidence with the number of emersions. However, barnacles from the field showed no clear banding periodicity since band widths were very similar throughout the shell length with no regular "check" marks that could provide age estimation. Differences in the reproductive patterns between Castelejo and Zavial were minor and none statistically significant hence differences in environmental conditions between the two sites do not appeared to materially affect the species reproductive patterns. Adult barnacles carried fertilised eggs from April throughout September, and the percentage of individuals with egg masses correlated positively with air but not seawater temperature. Brooding success was greater with average air temperature in excess of 14 °C during months of strong upwelling and presumed food availability. Functional ovaries and testes are available in the population all year round but fertilisation does not appear to occur during the winter months. Reproduction of P. pollicipes on the southwest coast of the Algarve appears closely linked to the upwelling phenomenon with the rate of deposition of gonadal tissue probably determined by environmental temperature. Laboratory and field observations permitted to conclude that P. pollicipes is an obligate cross-fertiliser. Isolated and communal individuals were observed to carry ripe ovaries and seminal vesicles filled with sperm at the same time but fertilisation took place only on communal individuals. Increasing numbers of isolated individuals are found on the southwest coast of Portugal, probably as the result of an intense fishery. The assessment of the fishery impact on the natural population and the development of management policies for the fishery are imperative future measures in order to maintain the recruitment levels. Enforcement of reserve areas may prove a practical solution for Pollicipes management. Protected populations could serve as stocks for recruitment to other areas. A series of protected areas around the coastline would need to be established in areas that could easily be monitored and, if needed, physically protected. It might also be feasible to rotate areas every 3-4 years resulting in a better quality and increased quantity of P. pollicipes entering the fishery.
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Díaz, Sánchez Juan Pablo. "Three Empirical Essays on Fecundity, Household Overcrowding and its Effects. The Case of Ecuador." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/565779.
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This thesis provide a complete and updated understanding of the household overcrowding phenomenon, covering the topic all the way starting in its causes.
This dissertation is organized in three chapters beyond this introduction and final conclusions. All of them use Ecuadorian cross section data. In the case of chapter 2 and chapter 4, data come from Ecuadorian Living Condition Surveys of 2006 and 2014; meanwhile, the Census of Population and Dwellings of 2010 is used for the empirical analysis in chapter 3.
In the chapter 2, we start by analyzing fecundity of women considering socio-economic characteristics. Indeed, high levels of fecundity may be considered the beginning of the household overcrowding problem. Clearly, fecundity and the size of the household are almost the same thing, if we consider fecundity at a household level. In the analytical part of the second chapter, we have analyzed the vast economic literature devoted to the study of fecundity, from which several testable hypotheses that relate it to household income, education level of the mother and her labor market participation have been derived. In particular, it was found, through count data models, that mother’s education level and the household income have a negative effect on fecundity.
In chapter 3, we approach international migration and overcrowding jointly. Taking into account that overcrowding is trespassing a threshold of a measure that is a coefficient of people per area, and considering that Ecuador experienced a massive migratory wave, then a reduction of the numerator of this coefficient would imply a reduction of the overcrowding levels. Consequently, we test the hypothesis that migration reduces household overcrowding levels. Additionally, we explore the key role of remmittances in the relationship.
In chapter 4, we deal with the consequences of household overcrowding. Basically, we verify the effect of overcrowding on the prevalence of respiratory diseases among the 0-to-5-year-old children of Ecuadorian households. Our findings indicate a statistically significant positive relationship. Moreover, the urban housing settlement on the children respiratory disease probability is specially differentiated in the chapter.
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McCann, Sean Michael. "Senescence and other factors affect fecundity in two species of Culex mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae)." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0017781.
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St, Gelais Adam T. "Reproductive Ecology of Siderastrea siderea: Histological Analysis of Gametogenesis, Spawning, and Latitudinal Fecundity Variation." NSUWorks, 2010. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/200.
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The health of coral reefs has been decreasing globally due to acute and diffuse anthropogenic impacts. Historically corals have persisted through periods of adverse conditions for coral growth via evolutionary selective processes, making successful sexual reproduction paramount to the future of coral reefs. Little is known about sexual reproduction of Caribbean corals at high latitude, specifically in southeast Florida on the northern most extension of the Florida reef tract. Here, a comprehensive histological analysis of gametogenesis, spawning, and size of sexual maturity is provided for Siderastrea siderea at 26°N (Broward County, Florida, USA), with accompanying analysis of fecundity variation from the upper Florida Keys (25"N) through Martin County Florida (27°N). Histological analysis of tissue samples in combination with lunar, tidal, and temperature cues suggest primary spawning occurs following the new moon of October. Massive and rapid post-spawning oocyte resorption was observed and characterized across both years indicating that spawning is generally incomplete in the study area. Histological observations suggest that size at sexual maturity in a nearshore, high sediment environment may be >20cm2 which is considerably smaller than previously reported. Fecundity decreased by 85% from 25°N to 27°N. Changes in fecundity were not attributed to significant differences in oocyte quantity between regions but to differences in oocyte volume which decreased by 65% from 25°N to 27°N. Drastic decreases in fecundity observed over a relatively small geospatial scale have important implications for regional population structure and connectivity and should prompt a further, multi-species, investigation.
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Ingram, Travis R. "Age, growth, and fecundity of Alabama shad (Alosa alabamae) in the Apalachicola River, Florida." Connect to this title online, 2007. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1181251015/.
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Springate, John Raymond Charles. "Egg quality and fecundity in rainbow trout : the determining factors and mechanisms of control." Thesis, Aston University, 1985. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/10563/.
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This thesis considers the factors involved in the determination of egg quality and fecundity in farmed stocks of rainbow trout ( Salmo gairdneri R) • Measurements of egg quality, ie. percentage survivals of eggs and fry, from the production batches of eggs of seven fish farms, showed mean survivals of 70% to eying but levels of only 35% to 4.5g fry (approx. 130 days post-fertilisation). Under optimum conditions survivals may reach 85% suggesting that husbandry methods exert significant influences on egg quality. Chemical analyses of the protein, fat, vitellogenin, ash, amino acids, free fatty acid and mineral levels of eggs of varying quality and from parents of different strains showed compositional differences even between individuals of the same stock. However, none of these differences were correlated with egg quality. Egg size showed similar variations but, again under hatchery conditions there was no correlation with differences in egg quality. The only factor which has been shown to exert a significant influence on egg quality is the time of stripping after ovulation. At 1 0°C eggs should be removed from gravid females within ten days of ovulation to achieve optimum egg and fry survival. Studies of egg production from approximately 10,000 broodstock revealed that total fecundity and egg size increased and relative fecundity decreased with increasing fish size. In general, most fish appeared to produce a constant volume of eggs. This is consistent with a hypothesis that egg size can only be increased by parallel reductions in fecundity. Feeding broodstock at half-ration (0.35% body weight day- 1 ) did not affect egg quality but reduced total fecundity and egg size and increased relative fecundity when compared with eggs produced by fish on full-ration. Comparisons of regressions of total fecundity against fish weight for three strains using ANOCO revealed that one strain was significantly more fecund than two other strains considered. Trout of the same strain maintained on different farms behaved similarly suggesting there was some reproducibility of strain characteristics.
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Walker, Andrew Forret. "Fecundity in relation to variation in life history of Salmo trutta L. in Scotland." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1994. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU075284.
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The reproductive characteristics of a wide range of freshwater-resident and anadromous Scottish forms of Salmo trutta were examined. A total of 653 females were sampled from 27 wild and two long-term domestic populations covering a fork length range of 116-725mm. Total fecundities of the wild fish were 51-5952 eggs. Egg diameters ranged from 3.6 to 6.4mm. Gonadosomatic indices ranged from 5-26%. The youngest females were 2+ years. Trout from fast-growing populations matured earlier and were shorter-lived than slow-growing trout. Regression equations for the relationship between body size and fecundity and egg diameter are provided for the national data set and for individual and grouped populations. Significant differences in fecundity and egg diameter were found between populations. After standardisation to a common body length, fecundity and GSI were found to be positively and egg diameter negatively correlated with trophic status of the water bodies and with early growth rate. The domestic populations provided the overall highest relative fecundities and smallest egg diameters. Fecundity of wild trout was negatively and egg diameter positively correlated with latitude. There was no relationship with numbers of other fish species present. Above-falls trout were short-lived, yet had high relative fecundity and small egg size. In these populations, age was more important than length in determining egg diameter. The rate at which maturity is reached, varying between populations, may be more important than absolute growth rate in determining fecundity and egg size. Lifetime eggs per female and instantaneous production by 1000 females were estimated for individual populations. The significance of the estimates for the River Ewe System in north west Scotland, an area of recent sea trout population decline, is discussed.
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Tucker, James R. "The genetic basis of the trade-off between wing morph and fecundity in the sand cricket, Gryllus firmus (Orthoptera, Gryllidae) : correlated response in the proportion macropterous when selecting for a decrease in fecundity." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ39954.pdf.
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Cavariani, Marilia Martins [UNESP]. "Efeitos da bupropiona sobre o comportamento sexual, parâmetros espermáticos e fertilidade de ratos machos e sobre a contratilidade do ducto epididimático in vitro." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/108552.
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000753355.pdf: 2526582 bytes, checksum: bdcccbcc43d606f2f47250af771db012 (MD5)A bupropiona é um antidepressivo amplamente utilizado no tratamento da cessação tabágica que atua inibindo a recaptura neuronal de dopamina (DA) e noradrenalina (NE) com pouco efeito na recaptação da serotonina. Estudos prévios demonstraram que o tratamento com sibutramina, um bloqueador da recaptura de NE que age aumentado disponibilidade desta monoamina na fenda sináptica, influenciou a qualidade espermática diminuindo a fertilidade de ratos machos submetidos ao tratamento com este fármaco. A bupropiona possui ação sobre algumas funções sexuais como a ejaculação e a excitação, no entanto, não são encontradas na literatura informações sobre a influência desta droga na qualidade espermática de humanos ou de modelos animais. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar os efeitos da administração de bupropiona sobre o comportamento sexual, parâmetros espermáticos e fertilidade de ratos machos e sobre a reatividade farmacológica do ducto epididimário isolado. Para tanto, 27 ratos machos (90 dias) foram aleatoriamente alocados em três grupos experimentais que receberam 15 mg/kg de bupropiona (BPP15, n=9), 30 mg/kg de bupropion (BPP30, n=9) e água destilada (veiculo, VEH, n=9) via oral durante 30 dias consecutivos. Ao final do tratamento os animais foram eutanaziados e tiveram seus órgãos reprodutores (testículos, epidídimos, próstata, vesícula seminal cheia e vazia) pesados. Os níveis séricos de testosterona, hormônio luteinizante e hormônio folículo estimulante foram determinados por radioimunoensaio e os testículos e epidídimos direitos foram coletados e processados para contagem espermática, determinação da produção diária de espermatozoides e determinação do tempo de transito espermático pela cabeça/corpo e cauda epididimária. Além disso, os espermatozoides da cauda do epidídimo direito foram utilizados para análise da motilidade e morfologia espermática. Em uma ...
Bupropion is a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor with lower effect on the serotonine reuptake widely used as smoking cessation and antidepressant drug. Previously studies showed that the treatment with the norepinephrine uptake blocker sibutramine, that acts increasing the level of this monoamine at the synaptic cleft impaired the sperm quality and fertility of the animals treated with this drug. Bupropion influences some sexual functions as ejaculation and arousal however, to our knowledge, there is no study investigating the effects of bupropion on human or animals model sperm quality. In this context, the present study investigated the effects of bupropion on sexual behavior, sperm parameters and fertility of male rats as well as its influence on epididymal duct contraction in vitro. For this, 27 male rats (90 days) were randomly allocated into three experimental groups that received 15 mg/kg of bupropion (BPP15, n=9), 30 mg/kg of bupropion (BPP30) and distillate water (vehicle, VEH, n=9) orally during 30 days. At the end of the treatment the animals were killed and his reproductive organs (testis, epididymis, prostate, full and empty seminal vesicle) were weighted. The levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone serum were determinate by radioimmunoassay and the right testis and epididymis were collected and processed to sperm count, daily sperm production and determination of sperm transit time trough epididymis. Furthermore, spermatozoa collected by the right epididymal cauda were used to analysis of sperm motility and morphology. In a second stage of this study 30 animals (n=10/experimental group), allocated and treated as describe previously, were used to analysis of male sexual behavior and fertility after natural matting. At the least stage of the study 18 animals (n=6/experimental group) were used to evaluating the effects of the treatment with ...
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Millar, Gavin Francis. "Aggregation and development of the gorse spider mite Tetranychus lintearius dufour (acari: tetranychidae)." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Zoology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1495.
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Gorse, Ulex europaeus, is a serious weed of agriculture and forestry in New Zealand. The mite Tetranychus lintearius feeds on gorse in Europe and was released in New Zealand during autumn 1989 as a potential biological control agent. The aim of my laboratory study was to increase available knowledge on its development and aggregation. As the quality of gorse declined as a food resource (as indicated by chlorophyll content) a significant decline in egg production, and an increase in development time of mites was found. Mean egg production at 15℃ ranged from 37.8 to 45.2 eggs/female over 10 days in the experimental treatments and development time from 39.2 to 43.3 days. Density of adult female mites (1, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20/spine) also had a significant effect on the number of eggs produced/female over ten days (mean daily egg production/female, 0.78-0.88). Mean development time from egg to adult decreased from 40.6 to 39 days as density increased from 1 to 50 mites/spine. The resident New Zealand strain of T lintearius, imported originally from Cornwall, is now widely established but has not established successfully on the west coast of the South Island or in the north of the North Island. Four new strains recently introduced from coastal Portugal and Spain, areas climatically similar to these New Zealand regions, may be more successful. Thus, although egg production and survival of all strains were significantly reduced when subjected to daily periods of simulated rainfall in laboratory experiments, those of the newly introduced strains were least affected. Laboratory experiments with the resident New Zealand and Cambados strains also showed that individuals aggregated actively at 10-20℃, but the latter aggregated more strongly at these temperatures. This strong aggregation behaviour may increase survival in warm, wet climates and suggests that Cambados strain mites could become established and so increase gorse control in Westland and Northland.
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Cavariani, Marilia Martins. "Efeitos da bupropiona sobre o comportamento sexual, parâmetros espermáticos e fertilidade de ratos machos e sobre a contratilidade do ducto epididimático in vitro /." Botucatu, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/108552.
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Orientador: Wilma De Grava KempinasBanca: Flávia Karina Delella
Banca: Suzana de Fátima Paccola Mesquita
Banca: Raquel Fantin Domeniconi
Banca: Luis Alberto Domingo Francia Farje
Banca: Daniela Cristina Caeccatto Gerardin
Banca: Arielle Cristina Arena
Banca: Rafael Henrique Nóbrega
Banca: Caral Dal Bianco Fernandez
Banca: André Sampaio Pupo
Resumo: A bupropiona é um antidepressivo amplamente utilizado no tratamento da cessação tabágica que atua inibindo a recaptura neuronal de dopamina (DA) e noradrenalina (NE) com pouco efeito na recaptação da serotonina. Estudos prévios demonstraram que o tratamento com sibutramina, um bloqueador da recaptura de NE que age aumentado disponibilidade desta monoamina na fenda sináptica, influenciou a qualidade espermática diminuindo a fertilidade de ratos machos submetidos ao tratamento com este fármaco. A bupropiona possui ação sobre algumas funções sexuais como a ejaculação e a excitação, no entanto, não são encontradas na literatura informações sobre a influência desta droga na qualidade espermática de humanos ou de modelos animais. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo investigar os efeitos da administração de bupropiona sobre o comportamento sexual, parâmetros espermáticos e fertilidade de ratos machos e sobre a reatividade farmacológica do ducto epididimário isolado. Para tanto, 27 ratos machos (90 dias) foram aleatoriamente alocados em três grupos experimentais que receberam 15 mg/kg de bupropiona (BPP15, n=9), 30 mg/kg de bupropion (BPP30, n=9) e água destilada (veiculo, VEH, n=9) via oral durante 30 dias consecutivos. Ao final do tratamento os animais foram eutanaziados e tiveram seus órgãos reprodutores (testículos, epidídimos, próstata, vesícula seminal cheia e vazia) pesados. Os níveis séricos de testosterona, hormônio luteinizante e hormônio folículo estimulante foram determinados por radioimunoensaio e os testículos e epidídimos direitos foram coletados e processados para contagem espermática, determinação da produção diária de espermatozoides e determinação do tempo de transito espermático pela cabeça/corpo e cauda epididimária. Além disso, os espermatozoides da cauda do epidídimo direito foram utilizados para análise da motilidade e morfologia espermática. Em uma ...
Abstract: Bupropion is a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor with lower effect on the serotonine reuptake widely used as smoking cessation and antidepressant drug. Previously studies showed that the treatment with the norepinephrine uptake blocker sibutramine, that acts increasing the level of this monoamine at the synaptic cleft impaired the sperm quality and fertility of the animals treated with this drug. Bupropion influences some sexual functions as ejaculation and arousal however, to our knowledge, there is no study investigating the effects of bupropion on human or animals model sperm quality. In this context, the present study investigated the effects of bupropion on sexual behavior, sperm parameters and fertility of male rats as well as its influence on epididymal duct contraction in vitro. For this, 27 male rats (90 days) were randomly allocated into three experimental groups that received 15 mg/kg of bupropion (BPP15, n=9), 30 mg/kg of bupropion (BPP30) and distillate water (vehicle, VEH, n=9) orally during 30 days. At the end of the treatment the animals were killed and his reproductive organs (testis, epididymis, prostate, full and empty seminal vesicle) were weighted. The levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone and follicle stimulating hormone serum were determinate by radioimmunoassay and the right testis and epididymis were collected and processed to sperm count, daily sperm production and determination of sperm transit time trough epididymis. Furthermore, spermatozoa collected by the right epididymal cauda were used to analysis of sperm motility and morphology. In a second stage of this study 30 animals (n=10/experimental group), allocated and treated as describe previously, were used to analysis of male sexual behavior and fertility after natural matting. At the least stage of the study 18 animals (n=6/experimental group) were used to evaluating the effects of the treatment with ...
Mestre
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Kleemann, D. O. "A study of factors affecting embryonic, fetal and lamb survival in high fecundity merino ewes." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1994. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phk638.pdf.
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Bibliography : leaves 120-133. Defines the sources of reproductive wastage in FecB FecÊ Booroola Merino x South Australian Merino ewes and examines factors associated with the survival of embryos, fetuses and lambs with the aim of improving net reproduction efficiency. Experiments were conducted to define the problem; to examine factors affecting embryonic and fetal loss; and, to investigate factors influencing wastage at lambing.
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Boulton, Margaret Iona. "The effect of the Booroola fecundity gene on the control of ovarian function in sheep." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/20148.
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Ewes possessing the single, or major, Booroola fecundity (FecB) gene have higher ovulation rates than non-carriers of the FecB gene. Previous investigations into the hormonal control of ovulation rate in ewes possessing the FecB gene have been complicated by comparisons of animals of different strains, or by using animals which were of unknown genetic background. The establishment of breeding lines has enabled animals to be chosen whose pedigree is well documented and whose genetic relationship to other members within the same experimental group can be carefully regulated. The work in this thesis has investigated gene specific differences in FSH, inhibin, oestradiol and IGF-1 as possible agents in promoting prolificacy in two populations (F2 and backcross) of Booroola Scottish Blackface ewes which differ only in the major Booroola fecundity gene and closely related genes. In both populations, 80% of ewes were induced to ovulate during seasonal anoestrus in response to a single i.m. injection of hCG (750 i.u.) confirming that the mechanisms controlling ovulation rate are still present in the non-breeding season. During the breeding season and seasonal anoestrus, FecBFecB ewes had higher ovulation rates and higher peripheral FSH concentrations compared to Fec+Fec+ ewes from the F2 population. However, FSH concentrations did not differ between FecBFec+ and Fec+Fec+ ewes from either F2 or backcross populations, despite significant differences in breeding season ovulation rate. In ovariectomised ewes, FSH concentrations were similar between FecBFec+ and Fec+Fec+ ewes from both populations, but significantly higher in FecBFecB ewes, supporting the theory of genotypic differences in pituitary gland release. Since genotypic differences in FSH concentration were not always associated with genotypic differences in ovulation rate, the hypothesis that there was a difference in follicular responsiveness to FSH, in terms of growth and/or oestradiol production, was tested by the use of an in vitro culture system.
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Stilley, Julie Ann Weaver Sharpe-Timms Kathy L. "Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 contributes to reduced fecundity in a rat model of endometriosis." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6072.
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The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on October 7, 2009) Thesis advisor: Dr. Kathy L. Sharpe-Timms. Includes bibliographical references.
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Pai, Murali. "Field evaluation of the immunocontraceptive Gonacon in reducing Eastern gray squirrel fecundity in urban areas." Connect to this title online, 2009. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1263409704/.
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Gross, Donovan. "Mountain Pine Beetle Fecundity and Offspring Size Differ Among Lodgepole Pine and Whitebark Pine Hosts." DigitalCommons@USU, 2008. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/34.
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Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engelmann) is a treeline species in the central Rocky Mountains. Its occupation of high elevations previously protected whitebark pine from long-term mountain pine beetle outbreaks. The mountain pine beetle, however, is currently reaching outbreaks of record magnitude in high-elevation whitebark pine. We used a factorial laboratory experiment to compare mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins) life history characteristics between a typical host, lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Engelmann), and whitebark pine. We tested the effects of natal host and brood host on beetle fecundity, offspring size, and brood sex-ratio. We reared mountain pine beetles from whitebark pine and from lodgepole pine, and infested half of them into their natal host and half into the other host. Fecundity was greater overall in lodgepole pine brood hosts. Among lodgepole brood hosts, beetles from whitebark pine had greater fecundity. Fecundity was also significantly related to phloem thickness, which was greater in lodgepole pine. Offspring were larger from whitebark brood hosts than from lodgepole, regardless of their parents’ natal host. Finally, sex-ratio was closer to 1:1 in lodgepole than in whitebark brood hosts. We conclude that host species affects life history of mountain pine beetle with consequences for individual beetle fitness.
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Taylor, Robin M. "Plant nectar contributes to the survival, activity, growth, and fecundity of the nectar-feeding wandering spider Cheiracanthium inclusum (Hentz) (Miturgidae)." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2004. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1086114717.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2004.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 138 p.; also includes graphics. Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Richard A. Bradley, Dept. of Evolution, Ecology, and Organismal Biology. Includes bibliographical references (p. 124-138).
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Rendell, Wallace Boyd. "Evolution of clutch size in tree swallows, trade-offs during reproduction, age-specific fecundity and survivorship." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0019/NQ54431.pdf.
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Hanssen, Anja Elise. "Interaction Effects of Ocean Acidification and Warming on the Fecundity of the Marine Copepod Calanus finmarchicus." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for biologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-25213.
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This study provides the first information on the combined effect of ocean acidification and elevated temperature on the fecundity of the marine pelagic copepod Calanus finmarchicus (Gunnerus, 1770). The copepod is considered to have a key role in the transfer of planktonic production to fish, seabirds and marine mammals, and is stated as a key species in the North Atlantic food web and ecosystem. To obtain a better understanding of the links between physical forcing and the population dynamics of C. finmarchicus in order to predict responses to climate change, it is fundamental to observe the reproduction, which sets the upper limit on recruitment. To study interactive effects of elevated pCO2 and temperature, ovigerous females (that had developed from eggs under the same conditions) were incubated at 380 ppm(ambient) and 2080 ppm (future predictions), and temperatures at 11 and 14˚C in a 2x2 factorial design. A significant reduction in hatching success (75%) and egg production (79%) was observed in the warming treatment alone (+3˚C) compared to the ambient treatment, and a positive antagonistic effect of acidification was when combined with warming. No significant interaction was seen in the lipid storage; however, temperature alone caused a significant reduction (95%). The body volume and the sex ratio were affected by elevated pCO2 and temperature combined or separately. Combined, the observed effects suggest that C. finmarchicus may be robust to future predicted conditions.
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Rock, Stela Duff Pereira. "Hermeneutic fecundity and the post-modern regeneration of the wor(l)d (?): Calvino, Spark, Bathelme, Lispector." Thesis, Rock, Stela Duff Pereira (1996) Hermeneutic fecundity and the post-modern regeneration of the wor(l)d (?): Calvino, Spark, Bathelme, Lispector. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 1996. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/52860/.
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Although metafictional writing is not a post-modern innovation - it is in fact an old literary practice - this mode of writing has become ubiquitously favoured by contemporary Western writers to the extent that the two terms metafiction and post-modernism have become at times interchangeable. Yet this should not be so. Metafiction as a literary technique is to be regarded as one of the manifestations of post-modern creative writing. From this now persistent mode of writing emerges a highly didactic and self-explanatory type of literature which is the focus of my present work.
Always using a comparative literature approach which involves cultural diversities and based on multi-lingual situations and their interconnectivity, this study, in a sense, because of its inherent self-reflexivity, becomes a questioning on the meaning of "thesis” in the old strict sense of the word: a proposition laid down or stated to be discussed and proved (?) or to be maintained against attack. Is the thesis, as such, as relevant to the present polysemic intellectual climate of our age as it used to be? What seems important now is to allow interpretational possibilities to be articulated from myriads of speaking/writing positions and to be able to achieve a balance of receptivity (and even understanding) of other ways of seeing and expressing thoughts and feelings.
In a mode of writing which will be heteroglossic, embracing diverse genres and types of discourses - a novelistic thesis? - and making use of the space opened up by recent creative criticism(s) such as those of Roland Barthes, William Gass, Helene Cixous, lhab Hassan, Olga de Sa, Antonia Susan Byatt, Octavio Paz, Italo Calvino, Milan Kundera, Jacques Derrida, Leonardo Boff and several others, I shall attempt to make reading/writing/theory/ criticism sources of learning and delight.
A very close reading of selected texts of four major contemporary writers: Donald Barthelme, Italo Calvino, Clarice Lispector and Muriel Spark will form the core of the present study.
The readings I have undertaken will not only clarify metafiction as a phenomenon but will also provide an avenue into some post-modern way(s) of thinking.
In the light of two necessary frameworks: deconstruction and hermeneutics and via the chosen literary texts, I shall attempt to help define the creative reading/writing momentum and to explicate in what ways these texts (to a great extent) reflect the post-modern debate and life.
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Gereszek, Lindsey. "Effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid on European corn borer survival, growth, fatty acid composition, and fecundity." [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2007.
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Nottebrock, Henning [Verfasser], and Frank [Akademischer Betreuer] Schurr. "Spatial and functional determinants of long-term fecundity in serotinous shrub communities / Henning Nottebrock ; Betreuer: Frank Schurr." Hohenheim : Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1121078613/34.
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Hayslip, Catherine Michelle Bruger. "Investigation of Condition Effects on Batch Fecundity of the Common Snook, Centropomus undecimalis, in Tampa Bay, Florida." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4902.
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Common snook, Centropomus undecimalis, is a popular game fish species that occurs throughout central and southern Florida, yet many questions remain unanswered regarding their reproductive strategies, including estimates of fecundity with relation to size, age, and condition of the female. These relationships are critical to improving stock assessments and fundamental to estimating spawning potential ratio, the measure by which snook are managed. Spawning snook were collected from a known spawning site, Rattlesnake Key, Tampa Bay, Florida, during three consecutive spawning seasons (2009-2011) and batch fecundity for snook was reported for the first time. Of the 43 females suitable for fecundity analysis, batch fecundity was highly variably and ranged from 258,913 to 2,663,737 eggs. The mean batch fecundity was (984,689 eggs/batch, median = 781,330 eggs/batch) and the mean relative fecundity was 465 eggs/gram body weight (median = 402 eggs/gram body weight). Average batch fecundity did not vary by collection year, despite a severe cold event in the winter of 2010, which killed about 25% of the spawning population. However, analysis of proximate composition indicated that liver lipid percent was significantly reduced in 2010, likely due to reduced prey availability, increased energetic expenditures, or both, while enduring and recovering from cold exposure. A significant positive relationship in 2009 between batch fecundity and condition was reported that entirely disappeared in 2010. Additionally, in a preliminary investigation, we detected sub-population differences between known-spawning `bay fish' and `river fish' using barium as an indicator of freshwater habitat usage via otolith microchemistry. Our results are directly relevant to enhancing stock assessments and indicated that reproductive strategies of snook are both complicated and robust. Future research should further investigate reproductive strategies (e.g. skipped spawning) and possible sub-population life history, as both can have significant impacts on stock assessment models.
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Cresswell, Jennifer Anne. "The effect of overweight and obesity on fecundity and pregnancy outcome amongst women in sub-Saharan Africa." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2011. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/878724/.
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Background: Obesity is an emerging public health concern in Sub-Saharan Africa and adult women are the population group most likely to be obese. Previous research conducted in high-income countries has demonstrated that high body mass index (BMI) has an adverse effect on a large number of reproductive outcomes; however no study has investigated this in Sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: Cross-sectional data of women (15-49 years) from twenty-seven countries in Sub- Saharan Africa, collected through the Demographic and Health Surveys, were used to examine the effect of BMI on female fecundity and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Underweight women (BMI <18.5kg/m2) were excluded. Multivariable regression models were used to examine four outcomes: (i) subfertility; (ii) time to first conception; (iii) caesarean delivery; (iv) neonatal death. The fecundity results were supplemented with a systematic review on the effect of BMI on waiting time to conception. Results: Increased BMI was associated with significantly increased odds of subfertility (Obese OR: 1.51; 95% Cl: 1.35-1.69). Five years after first marriage, 17% of non-contracepting obese (BMI Z30kg/m2) and 12.5% of pre-obese women (BMI 25-29.9kg/r2) had yet to conceive compared to 9.3% of optimal women (BMI 18.5-24.9kg/r2); however this difference was not statistically significant (p=0.5378). Each unit increase in maternal BMI (kg/m2)w as significantly associated with a 7% increase in the odds of caesarean delivery (OR:1 .07;9 5%C l: 1.06-1.08).M maternal obesity as significantly associated with increased odds of neonatal death (OR:1 .52;9 5%C I:1 .18-1.97). The association was strongest or deaths occurring in the first week of life to infants delivered Vaginally (OR: 2.43; 95% Cl: 1.43-3.88). Conclusions and Implications: Increased BMI is associated with adverse reproductive outcomes in the Sub-Saharan context. The risk is particularly strong or outcomes occurring around the intrapartum period. Overweight/obesity should be recognised as a risk actor for adverse reproductive outcomes i n Sub-Saharan Africa.
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Ovenden, Guy N. "The trade-off between egg size and fecundity in the bruchid beetle Callosobruchus maculatus : a quantitative approach." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.701054.
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Thomas, Anna K. "IMPACT OF DIETARY DIVERSIFICATION ON INVASIVE SLUGS AND BIOLOGICAL CONTROL WITH NOTES ON SLUG SPECIES OF KENTUCKY." UKnowledge, 2010. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/35.
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Increasing introductions of non-native terrestrial slugs (Mollusca: Gastropoda) are a concern to North American regulatory agencies as these generalists impact the yield and reduce the aesthetic value of crop plants. Understanding how the increase in diversification in North American cropping systems affects non-native gastropods and finding effective biological control options are imperative for pest management; however, little research has been done in this area. This study tested the hypothesis that dietary diversification affects the biological control capacity of a generalist predator and allows the slug pest Deroceras reticulatum (Müller) (Stylommatophora: Agriolimacidae) to more effectively fulfill its nutritional requirements. Results showed no significant correlations between dietary diversification and slug development; however, this was likely due to the addition of romaine lettuce to all treatments. The study also showed that dietary diversification had no significant effect on D. reticulatum egg production, with self-fertilizing slugs consistently having significantly higher egg production than outcrossing slugs. Most significantly, this research demonstrated reductions in plant damage by D. reticulatum in treatments containing the North American carabid beetle Scarites quadriceps Chaudoir (Coleoptera: Carabidae) with the presence of alternative prey having no effect, supporting its use in biological control efforts in spite of its generalist feeding habits.
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Runnalls, Tamsin. "Pharmaceuticals in the environment : the effects of clofibric acid on fish." Thesis, Brunel University, 2005. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/4977.
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Pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment is an emerging issue and the risks they pose are mostly unknown. They are used in large amounts throughout the world and can enter the environment, as the active metabolite or unmetabolised, through excretion by people and improper disposal. As these drugs are designed to have specific biological effects in a specific organism (as well as sometimes having other non-specific side effects), their potential to cause effects within the environment is great. Clofibric acid (the major metabolite of the lipid lowering drug, Clofibrate) is non-biodegradable, highly motile, very persistent and frequently detected at μg/I levels in the environment. I studied possible effects of clofibric acid in fish, using different experimental approaches and endpoints. The studies involve two different species, and for one of these species, fish at different stages of development. The chapters within this thesis have presented the first evidence (albeit preliminary) of clofibric acid having effects on both adult and embryo fish. When fathead minnow embryos were exposed to clofibric acid, the effects seen included changes in the eggshell, time to hatch, hatchability, mortality and viability. Adult fathead minnow were similarly exposed and significant effects on specific parameters were also observed. These included effects on lipid metabolism, steroidogenesis and spermatogenesis - thought to be via cholesterol transport - as well as significant effects on the expression of several genes involved in lipid metabolism and detoxification. Exposure of juvenile (sexually undifferentiated) bream also found significant differences in some endpoints. Other results suggested, less pronounced effects of clofibric acid on some other parameters. The results from this research show that there are effects of clofibric acid in pathways which were not only unexpected in fish (for example, steroidogenesis, spermatogenesis and gene expression), but also at concentrations below those previously shown to have any biological effects on fish. These effects indicate that clofibric acid may potentially have an impact on fish fecundity, and even more worryingly, on human health for those people prescribed it.
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Berry, Eric J. "Population ecology of the harvested understory palm Chamaedorea radicalis pollination biology, female fecundity, and source-sink population dynamics /." Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1151350945.
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