Journal articles on the topic 'February 24- Criticism and interpretation'
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1
Carpov, Victor V. "Type-Antitype in Architecture." Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 5, no. 1 (1993): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jis199351/24.
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This essay focuses on the typological dilemma in architecture in its theological aspect in an attempt to restore the vital, transcendental, universal method at the core of theological hermeneutics---the Biblical typological interpretation. Following this theological matrix, it is easier to comprehend the actual transformation of Alberti's Six Basic Principles of Architecture into Le Corbusier's Five Points of New Architecture. We thus trace the collective historical experience in architectural theory and practice, history and criticism. The metaphorical assumption of the theological dogma of the unity of Scripture expressed in terms of the type-antitype methodology helps one understand these processes in their religious, historical, cultural, and artistic totality.
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Carpov, Victor V. "Type-Antitype in Architecture." Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 5, no. 1 (1993): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/jis199351/24.
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This essay focuses on the typological dilemma in architecture in its theological aspect in an attempt to restore the vital, transcendental, universal method at the core of theological hermeneutics---the Biblical typological interpretation. Following this theological matrix, it is easier to comprehend the actual transformation of Alberti's Six Basic Principles of Architecture into Le Corbusier's Five Points of New Architecture. We thus trace the collective historical experience in architectural theory and practice, history and criticism. The metaphorical assumption of the theological dogma of the unity of Scripture expressed in terms of the type-antitype methodology helps one understand these processes in their religious, historical, cultural, and artistic totality.
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Kropyvko, Iryna V. "INTERPRETATIVE STRATEGIES OF MODERN PROSE IN THE CONTEXT OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL CRITICISM." Alfred Nobel University Journal of Philology 2, no. 24 (December 20, 2022): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.32342/2523-4463-2022-2-24-2.
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The aim of the research is to consider the interpretive strategies with respect to modern prose in the context of critical anthropology, which, on the one hand, unveils mentality of modern person, and on the other hand, influences its formation. This article identifies the theoretical foundations of interpretive strategies in anthropological criticism. The theoretical framework of the research is grounded on the ideas advanced by T. Boellstorff, A. Brandel, O. Halchuk, O. Haleta, V. Iser, M. P. Markowski, O. Polishchuk, N. Rapport, E. Wiles, B. Williams and other scholars. Research methods include anthropology, hermeneutics, and theoretical analysis of their basic notions. The academic novelty is in new emphasis on considering interpretive strategies of modern prose in terms of anthropological criticism. The interpretive strategies are viewed as an aspect that emphasizes the specificity of modern person’s way of thinking its direction. Modern person’s imaginative way of thinking is gradually balanced in life by abstract and conceptual framings. The study of interpretive strategies in terms of critical anthropology helps to solve two tasks: to find out how the non-academic community regards the image of oneself as a person of today, and to highlight the mechanisms and specificity of figurative thinking that manifests itself through involvement into art either as author or as recipient. It affects personal disposition as well as self-identification. Reader’s text interpretation procedure includes the processes of text creation as well as the reader’s inscription in the text itself. Besides, the process of text interpretation throughout the reading determines the production of long-term reader’s self-reflection. Nowadays literary anthropology and criticism makes it possible to consider author, recipient, and critic as cultural actants of the literary field. It also makes it possible to trace the way the image of modern person is revealed in literary text, and what are the mechanisms and strategies that create this image of the reader. Thus, the aesthetic parameters of the reception of the literary work are inscribed in the reader that influence the scope of interpretation and, accordingly, the personal growth of the recipient as it is revealed in the text. Conclusion. Interpretive strategies are recognized as a variety of textual devices along with narrative and receptive ones. Modern prose, positioned as belonging to post-non-classical literature, in contrast to classical and non-classical ones, are able to implement not one, but several different strategies focused on different types of perception. Interpretive strategies inscribed in modern texts reflect the specifics of Homo digitalis as well as virtual environment. The study of the “virtuality” of modern prose is effective in applying the methods of literary anthropology. Its interests are gradually shifting from a supporting function in the study of person by cultural and social anthropology to the analysis of literary text relying on the achievements of anthropological criticism for verifying and revealing the specifics of literary creativity and the activity of actants in the diverse literary writings.
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Moberly, R. W. L. "Christ in All the Scriptures? The Challenge of Reading the Old Testament as Christian Scripture." Journal of Theological Interpretation 1, no. 1 (2007): 79–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/26421379.
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Abstract The issue of responsible Christian reading of Israel's Scriptures as the OT is posed in relation to the characteristic modern historical-critical erosion of traditional Christian approaches informed by Luke 24:25–27. It is argued that many of the insights of modern historical criticism are sound and should be retained, despite widespread resistance or ignorance. Two case studies in support of this are (1) an examination of renewed attempts to understand Gen 3:15 as a protevangelium and (2) Michael Drosnin's Bible Code. However, an appreciation of the possibilities afforded by our contemporary "postmodern" situation enables us to see that historical criticism may sometimes need to take a more modest role in biblical interpretation; recognition of the many recontextualizations of the biblical text and the varying contexts, purposes, and perspectives of interpreters should change the shape of the interpretive debate. In this light, it is suggested that classic premodern Christian interpretation of the OT, as expounded by Henri de Lubac, can again become a real resource for understanding. Finally, a brief study of Isa 2 illustrates how a renewed approach to the OT in the light of Christ might look in practice.
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Moberly, R. W. L. "Christ in All the Scriptures? The Challenge of Reading the Old Testament as Christian Scripture." Journal of Theological Interpretation 1, no. 1 (2007): 79–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jtheointe.1.1.0079.
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Abstract The issue of responsible Christian reading of Israel's Scriptures as the OT is posed in relation to the characteristic modern historical-critical erosion of traditional Christian approaches informed by Luke 24:25–27. It is argued that many of the insights of modern historical criticism are sound and should be retained, despite widespread resistance or ignorance. Two case studies in support of this are (1) an examination of renewed attempts to understand Gen 3:15 as a protevangelium and (2) Michael Drosnin's Bible Code. However, an appreciation of the possibilities afforded by our contemporary "postmodern" situation enables us to see that historical criticism may sometimes need to take a more modest role in biblical interpretation; recognition of the many recontextualizations of the biblical text and the varying contexts, purposes, and perspectives of interpreters should change the shape of the interpretive debate. In this light, it is suggested that classic premodern Christian interpretation of the OT, as expounded by Henri de Lubac, can again become a real resource for understanding. Finally, a brief study of Isa 2 illustrates how a renewed approach to the OT in the light of Christ might look in practice.
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Zdanikowski, Paweł Marcin. "Gloss to the Resolution of the Supreme Court of 26 February 2021, III CZP 24/20 [on the Interpretation of the Will]." Review of European and Comparative Law 47, no. 4 (December 7, 2021): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31743/recl.13083.
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The resolution with gloss concerns the rules for interpreting a will. The Supreme Court stated in it that an interpretation of a will should be performed taking into account all circumstances, including those external to the will and using all means of evidence. The Supreme Court decided that it is the court adjudicating in the case for inheritance acquisition, assessing the evidence gathered in a specific case, that should assess whether it is actually possible to establish the will of the testator. The author of the gloss accepts the thesis of the resolution, but argues with the position of the Supreme Court contained in its justification that only the rules for evidence assessment constitute an instrument allowing one to establish the testator’s will. In the opinion of the author of the gloss the functional interpretation of Art. 948 of the Polish Civil Code (k.c.) indicates limits to the interpretation of the will. After all this is a process that renders it possible to determine the testator’s will in a manner that does not raise any doubts. Therefore, if the interpretation of the will of such fails to secure such a degree of certainty, even despite a positive assessment of the evidence gathered in the case, the court should state that the inheritance has been acquired under the Act.
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Olczyk, Adam. "Connection of Lands, Buildings and Structures with Business Activity - Direction Of Interpretation Changes." Nieruchomości@ IV, no. IV (December 31, 2021): 77–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.5422.
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The article presents the interpretation of the regulation of Polish Real Estate Tax resulting from the judgment of the Constitutional Tribunal of 24 February 2021, SK 39/19. In this judgment the Constitutional Tribunal questioned the current interpretation of the connection of land, building or structure with conducting business activity. The author describes necessary changes in interpretation of the regulation, which results from this ruling. The article explains who is affected by the new understanding of the regulation and what is the relationship of the new interpretation with the suspension of business activity. The major part of the considerations is devoted to the effects of the Constitutional Tribunal's judgment in relation to restrictions implemented on the conduct of economic activity in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic. The author presents the position according to which subjects who could not conduct economic activity by the regulation should not pay for this period the higher rate of property tax provided for real estate owned by entrepreneurs.
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Ramirez Ortega, Graciela. "The reception of the novel by M. Bulgakov “Master and Margarita” in the Ibero-American cultural space." RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism 24, no. 3 (December 15, 2019): 578–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-9220-2019-24-3-578-584.
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The objectives of this work is to analyze the reviews of the novel “Master and Margarita” in Latin American criticism; to identify and describe the dominant ways of reception of the novel, to draw conclusions about the features of its literacy and critical interpretation in Latin America. In this paper we have the opportunity to trace path of Bulgakov’s novel through Spain to Latin America and, in particular, to Mexico, since in most cases, Latin American countries first become acquainted with foreign works of literature through translations into Spanish from Spain, which are made for large publishing houses such as “Alianza”, “Mondadori”, “Cátedra”.
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Harris, Lasse K., Anders Troelsen, Berend Terluin, Kirill Gromov, Andrew Price, and Lina H. Ingelsrud. "Interpretation threshold values for the Oxford Knee Score in patients undergoing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty." Acta Orthopaedica 93 (July 5, 2022): 634–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/17453674.2022.3909.
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Background and purpose: Developing meaningful thresholds for the Oxford Knee Score (OKS) advances its clinical use. We determined the minimal important change (MIC), patient acceptable symptom state (PASS), and treatment failure (TF) values as meaningful thresholds for the OKS at 3-, 12-, and 24-month follow-up in patients undergoing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA).Patients and methods: This is a cohort study with data from patients undergoing UKA collected at a hospital in Denmark between February 2016 and September 2021. The OKS was completed preoperatively and at 3, 12, and 24 months postoperatively. Interpretation threshold values were calculated with the anchor-based adjusted predictive modeling method. Non-parametric bootstrapping was used to derive 95% confidence intervals (CI).Results: Complete 3-, 12-, and 24-month postoperative data was obtained for 331 of 423 (78%), 340 of 479 (71%), and 235 of 338 (70%) patients, median age of 68–69 years (58–59% females). Adjusted OKS MIC values were 4.7 (CI 3.3–6.0), 7.1 (CI 5.2–8.6), and 5.4 (CI 3.4– 7.3), adjusted OKS PASS values were 28.9 (CI 27.6–30.3), 32.7 (CI 31.5–33.9), and 31.3 (CI 29.1–33.3), and adjusted OKS TF values were 24.4 (CI 20.7–27.4), 29.3 (CI 27.3–31.1), and 28.5 (CI 26.0–30.5) at 3, 12, and 24 months postoperatively, respectively. All values statistically significantly increased from 3 to 12 months but not from 12 to 24 months.Interpretation: The UKA-specific measurement properties and clinical thresholds for the OKS can improve the interpretation of UKA outcome and assist quality assessment in institutional and national registries.
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Mouzala, Melina G. "Aristotle’s Criticism of the Platonic Forms as Causes in De Generatione et Corruptione II 9. A Reading Based on Philoponus’ Exegesis." Peitho. Examina Antiqua 7, no. 1 (March 17, 2016): 123–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pea.2016.1.6.
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In the De Generatione et Corruptione II 9, Aristotle aims to achieve the confirmation of his theory of the necessity of the efficient cause. In this chapter he sets out his criticism on the one hand of those who wrongly attributed the efficient cause to other kinds of causality and on the other, of those who ignored the efficient cause. More specifically Aristotle divides all preceding theories which attempted to explain generation and corruption into two groups: i) those which offered an explanation by using the formal cause ii) those which provided an explanation by using the material or the instrumental causes. According to Philoponus, when Aristotle reproaches the other philosophers for adducing no proper notion of the efficient cause he alludes to both Anaxagoras and Plato. Regarding Anaxagoras, in our view this cannot be confirmed by internal textual evidence. In terms of Plato, in this chapter we trace an explicit and an implicit criticism of the Platonic Forms as causes. Aristotle’s implicit criticism is that the Forms are not at all active causes. We can understand better the grounds for this criticism if we also consider his relevant arguments in Book Lambda of his Metaphysics. His explicit criticism, articulated in two arguments, is formulated in GC 335b18–24. We examine the different lines of its interpretation in the secondary literature, but primarily we focus on Philoponus’ exegesis, which contributes significantly, not only to the clarification of Aristotle’s thinking, but also to the manifestation of the arguments articulated in defence of the Platonic theory of the Forms. In this paper, through the analysis of Philoponus’ exegesis we set out to prove that Aristotle’s criticism of the Platonic causes can be construed from the perspective of either Aristotelian theory or the Platonic and Neoplatonic influence. Finally, based on Philoponus’ exegesis, we examine Aristotle’s criticism of those who posited matter or instrumental causes as efficient causes.
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Iswahyudi, Iswahyudi, and Udin Safala. "Ideologi Argumen-Argumen Keagamaan Tradisi Lingkaran Hidup dalam Kitab Kuning." ISLAMICA: Jurnal Studi Keislaman 14, no. 1 (September 1, 2019): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15642/islamica.2018.13.1.1-24.
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This article will show that the implementation of the Javanese Islamic tradition in the form of the ritual of the life cycle (life circle) is the implementation of the ideology of Sh?fi‘? developed by his followers (as}h{?b). The ideology was then known as the ideology of as}h}?b al-sh?fi‘?yah. The ritual of the life in the form of a birth ritual (metu), marriage (manten) and death (mati) has been mentioned in the classic Islamic book (kitab kuning). Allegations that Javanese Islam as syncretic Islam and the adoption of Hindu and Buddhist traditions are wrong. The ritual of the life circle as shown in this article is emerging from within Islam itself as an embodiment of the interpretation of Islamic doctrine. The reseacher gets this conclusion after doing a research of various classic Islamic books that explain the ritual of the life circle. To find out the conclusion, the reseacher used the ideological criticism of Pierre F. Bourdieu. This article, therefore, rejects the views of outsiders such as Geertz, Beatty and Mulder, who explain that the ritual of Javanese Muslim is impure doctrine of Islam.
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Sukamta, Sukamta, Sudarja Sudarja, and Muhammad Mujaddid Ighna Wathon. "Analisis Unjuk Kerja Boiler Feed Pump Turbine Untuk Kapasitas Ketel Uap 2000 Ton/Jam Di PLTU Cirebon Jawa Barat." Semesta Teknika 18, no. 1 (January 9, 2016): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/st.v18i1.702.
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Boiler feed pump turbine (BFPT) has an important role in the circulating of demin water from deaerator to the separator of steam power plant operations (PLTU) in Cirebon. Flow rate, temperature and pressure were important parameters in boiler feed pump process. Based on the BFPT function, it was necessary to do the analysis interpretation of the performance BFPT. Data needed for evaluation include pressure and temperature on the suction, pressure and temperature on the discharge, and flow capacity. In this study, the data were taken starting in January to December 2014. Data processing was performed using a centrifugal pump calculations, presented in tables and graphs using MS Excel. Analysis of data using qualitative interpretation of quantitative data. BFPT efficiency during operations in 2014 decreased in February - March amounted to 17.91% (BFPT A) and 18.04% (BFPT B). BFPT A highest efficiency obtained in January amounted to 73.76%, the lowest in March amounted to 55.45%. The highest efficiency BFPT B in February amounted to 72.94%, the lowest in March amounted to 54.9%. Change of Performance BFPT occur due to changes load generator power plant that led to the pressure change and flow capacity. Other factors that degrade the performance because BFPT was operated continuously for 24 hours and the age of BFPT sufficient old cause decrease in pump performance.
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Zlotnikova, Tanjana S., and Anastasia V. Samsonova. "Theatrical interpretation of the classics as cultural experience of the post-soviet era." Verhnevolzhski Philological Bulletin 1, no. 24 (2021): 173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.20323/2499-9679-2021-1-24-173-177.
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The article analyzes the post-soviet artistic practice of working with theatrical interpretations of the russian classical plays «The Forest» by A. N. Ostrovsky and «The Seagull» by A. P. Chekhov. The productions of the Yaroslavl Volkov Drama Theatre were chosen as novel empirical material. The main objective of the study is to identify the features that characterize modern understanding of the classics, emphasizing the socio-moral and socio-cultural range of problems in the works. The main methods of the research are, above all, cultural and historical, resorting to which the authors present the peculiarities of interpreting russian classical drama in its social, moral and psychological aspects. Equally important is the aesthetic method with emphasis on artistic descriptive analysis of specific works of art, which is necessary for examining the paradoxical theatrical productions staged in the recent post-soviet period. Alongside with presenting the results of the research the authors give references to the leading authors using these methods. The article presents both literary and theatrical versions of the classical plays, as well as the opinions of contemporary critics about the productions. This allows us to give a thorough characterization of the views on the classics. The article shows two tendencies of working with classical literature in the post-soviet period. The first one, represented in Ostrovsky productions, is related to the actualization of the social and moral problems in the play. Through acting and scenography, the emphasis is made on the character of the landlady, on the comic aspects and moral criticism in the play. The second tendency presented in Chekhov productions has to do with the postmodern re-interpretation of classical characters as psychologically and aesthetically negative people. The authors consider the works analyzed in the article and the artistic, social and moral tendencies expressed in them to be representative of post-soviet culture.
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Stamm, Michael, and Jonathan T. Abele. "Streamlining the Imaging of Clinically Suspected Pheochromocytoma: Using Urine Metanephrines to Decrease Imaging Costs." Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal 65, no. 4 (November 2014): 372–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carj.2014.01.001.
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Purpose To improve the cost efficiency of the imaging evaluation of clinically suspected pheochromocytoma by using 24-hour fractionated urine metanephrine (FUM) results. Methods A retrospective review of I-123 meta-iodo-benzyl-guanidine single photon emission tomography (SPECT) computed tomography (CT) studies performed at our institution between January 2007 and February 2011 for clinically suspected pheochromocytoma was performed. SPECT-CT results from 70 patients were compared with results from 24-hour FUM analysis (within 2 months of SPECT-CT) and with relevant CT or magnetic resonance imaging studies (within 6 months of SPECT-CT). An imaging algorithm was developed to maximize cost efficiency without altering the final imaging interpretation. Actual imaging costs for the studied cohort were compared with the expected costs if this algorithm had been applied. Results If the 24-hour FUMs were normal, then all the SPECT-CT studies were negative (16/70). Eighty-seven percent of patients with abnormal total metanephrine had a positive SPECT-CT. If the total metanephrine was normal but 1 or more of the metanephrine fractions were abnormal, then 39%-58% of the SPECT-CT studies were positive. Within this subgroup, none had a positive SPECT-CT if a CT or magnetic resonance image was negative or benign. The actual imaging costs averaged CAD$2833.19 per patient for this cohort. Applying a streamlined imaging algorithm guided by 24-hour FUM analysis would result in an average imaging cost of CAD$1225.97 per patient without an expected change in the final imaging impression. Conclusion By using 24-hour FUM results to streamline imaging, considerable cost savings per patient (56.7%) can be attained without a change in the final overall imaging interpretation.
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Alekseev, Evgeny P. "Art of Being an Art Critic. Review of: Busev, M. A. (2020). Iskusstvo postigat’ iskusstvo: sbornik statei k 100-letiiu N. A. Dmitrievoi [Art of Comprehending Art: Collected Articles for N. A. Dmitrieva’s 100th Birthday]. Moscow: BooksMArt. 408 p.: Il." Izvestia of the Ural federal university. Series 2. Humanities and Arts 23, no. 2 (2021): 288–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/izv2.2021.23.2.041.
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This review examines Art of Comprehending Art, a collection of scholarly articles based on the materials of the conference Historical and Theoretical Issues of Art Studies: For N. A. Dmitrieva’s 100th Birthday (held on April 24–25, 2017 at the State Institute of Art Studies of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation). The first part of the collection presents colleagues’ memories about N. A. Dmitrieva’s work revealing various facets of her talent. In the second part of the book, scholarly articles by contemporary art historians are devoted to the issues that N. A. Dmitrieva examined, i.e. the history of art criticism and art education in Russia, theoretical and methodological issues (image and word, issues of interpretation, kitsch), the creative work of P. Picasso, M. Vrubel, and A. Chekhov. The third section contains fragments of N. A. Dmitrieva’s diary, as well as two previously unpublished articles.
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Wilson, Sandra. "Containing the Crisis: Japan's Diplomatic Offensive in the West, 1931–33." Modern Asian Studies 29, no. 2 (May 1995): 337–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00012762.
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Japan's departure from the League of Nations in 1933 over the Manchurian issue has often been portrayed as an act of national self assertiveness signifying a willingness to defy international opinion and pursue an independent course in world affairs. The physical act by Matsuoka Yosuke and his delegation of walking out of the League Assembly on 24 February promotes an image of a firm and uncompromising attitude on the part of Japan; and as time passed, the interpretation recorded in 1944 by Joseph Grew, US Ambassador to Japan from 1932 to 1942, became a standard one: ‘Nobody could miss the political significance of Japan's decision to quit the League of Nations. It marked a clear break with the Western powers and prepared the way for Japan's later adherence to the Axis’.
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Valikova, Olga A., and Uldanai M. Bakhtikireeva. "A. Zhaksylykov’s novel “Singing Stones” in aspect of the literary domain theory." RUDN Journal of Studies in Literature and Journalism 24, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 633–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-9220-2019-24-4-633-648.
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The authors of the article believe that the symbolic systems to which the language belongs form structured databases in a certain way - domains that develop according to specifi c rules and aff ect the culture of a language community. According to the hypothesis of the research presented in the paper, Russian-language literature is a special cultural domain generated by the ethnogenetic (in this case, Kazakh) and canonical (Russian) fi elds of culture. It was found that at the crossroads of cultures - and literatures - a new aesthetic phenomenon is being formed, which modern literary criticism has yet to describe. The main objectives of the study included interpretation of the text by the method of hermeneutic commentary, elimination of linguocultural lacunae, and complex poetic analysis. The research material was the fi rst pentalogy novel by A. Zhaksylykov “Dreams of the Damned” - “Singing Stones”. The authors conclude that modern Russian literature gravitates not so much to the Russian (in the strict sense of the term) language fi eld as to the Russophonic or translingual fi eld, using the term by professor Steven Kellman.
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Dynel, Marta. "#HaStatoPutin Affinity Space: From Political Work to Autotelic Humor." Social Media + Society 8, no. 4 (October 2022): 205630512211387. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20563051221138760.
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This article reports the findings of a diachronic sociopragmatic study on the politically loaded Italian hashtag #HaStatoPutin based on an automatically generated corpus of tweets ( N = 31,334), encompassing two datasets from before and after what Putin originally called Russia’s “special military operation” in Ukraine that commenced on 24 February 2022. #HaStatoPutin appeared on Twitter in 2015 to mark tweets criticizing what Italian users considered to be unsupported conspiracy theories targeting Vladimir Putin, viewed by these users as a scapegoat in mainstream political rhetoric spread in the Western world. As this comparative study shows, the emergent applications of the hashtag are hardly affected by the events of 2022, indicating the stability of the expression and the political opinions of polarized Italian society, regardless of the socio-political context. Specifically, four tweet categories, which express tweeters’ political opinions or serve humorous purposes, are identified in both datasets: dissociative echo, counter-criticism, mock conspiracy theories, and metacomments. Given the specificity of #HaStatoPutin, its political contextualization, and applications, with which the users need to be familiar to create and understand tagged tweets, it is proposed that the tweeting practice makes for a “hashtag affinity space” on Twitter.
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Tahayt, A., K. L. Feigl, T. Mourabit, A. Rigo, R. Reilinger, S. McClusky, A. Fadil, et al. "The Al Hoceima (Morocco) earthquake of 24 February 2004, analysis and interpretation of data from ENVISAT ASAR and SPOT5 validated by ground-based observations." Remote Sensing of Environment 113, no. 2 (February 2009): 306–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2008.09.015.
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Лазаренко, Нил. "Theological and Exegetical Foundations of some Translation Solutions in BTD (Based on the Chapters 13-24 of the Gospel of Luke). Part 4." Theological Herald, no. 4(43) (December 21, 2021): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.31802/gb.2021.43.4.002.
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Данная статья посвящена второй части Евангелия от Луки (главам 13-24). Таким образом, она завершает наш разбор отдельных переводческих решений BTD в третьем Евангелии. В ней находят отражение следующие проблемы: этимологически точная передача греческой лексемы (на примере слова ἀσώτως в Лк. 15, 13); истолкование гебраизма εἰς τὴν γενεὰν τὴν ἑαυτῶν в Лк. 16, 8; предполагаемое нами превосходство византийского текста над критическим текстом NANTG в Лк. 16, 9, основанное на анализе cемантических возможностей глагола ἐκλείπω и особенностях контекста; истолкование речения Иисуса: «ἰδοὺ γὰρ ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ ἐντὸς ὑμῶν ἐστιν» в Лк. 17, 21. The article supplies three further examples of BTD renderings of the original text of the Gospel of Luke (chapters 13-24). In the first section attention is devoted to the meaning of the key term in the Parable of the Prodigal Son - ἀσώτως. Interpreting this term BTD relies on etymology and finds an adequate German equivalent with similar etymology. In the second section the meaning of the Hebraistic phrase εἰς τὴν γενεὰν τὴν ἑαυτῶν is explained and issues of text-criticism are discussed. The plausible conclusion is that the Byzantine reading ἐκλίπητε (instead of the NANTG reading ἐκλίπῃ) in Luke 16:9 is original on the basis of its close parallelism with verse 4. In the third section the much discussed saying of Jesus about the kingdom of God being within (or among) us is analised. The traditional Orthodox interpretation of the phrase ἐντὸς ὑμῶν is confirmed by the immediate context and theological considerations.
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Dawar, Meenakshi, Tammy L. Stuart, Lamont E. Sweet, Anne M. Neatby, Lewis P. Abbott, Anton P. Andonov, Tom Wong, Robert Gervais, and Rob Stirling. "Canadian Hepatitis C Look-Back Investigation to Detect Transmission from an Infected General Surgeon." Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiology 21, no. 1 (2010): e6-e11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/750549.
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BACKGROUND: In February 2007, a general surgeon in Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, tested positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV). The surgeon’s infection onset date could not be determined; however, episodic hepatic enzyme elevations were first detected in November 2004 and again in February 2007. HCV transmission during surgery, alhough rare, has been documented. A phased look-back HCV screening program was conducted to detect HCV transmission from this surgeon to patients who underwent the highest-risk procedures in the three years before his positive test.METHODS: Highest-risk procedures were defined as exposure-prone procedures (EPP) in which exposure to the surgeon’s blood was most likely. EPP patients from January 2004 to February 2007 were identified using hospital and administrative records. Linkages with the provincial notifiable disease for HCV was performed, and death records for deceased EPP patients were reviewed. Eligible patients were invited for screening.RESULTS: Of 6248 patients seen in phase 1, 272 (4.4%) were identified to be EPP. Of the 272 patients, 248 (91.1%) were invited for HCV testing and 24 (8.8%) were deceased. To date, 231 of 248 (93.1%) patients have presented for screening. Two patients (one alive, one deceased) were HCV positive before their EPP. Viral sequence of the surgeon’s isolate is unrelated to the first patient; the second individual has a resolved infection (polymerase chain reaction negative). No new transmission events were identified in the screened patients. The 95% CI of the transmission probability was estimated to be 0 to 0.016.INTERPRETATION: HCV transmission from the surgeon during a 38-month look back was unlikely. In the absence of protocols for investigating HCV transmission from infected health care workers, screening was initially prioritized to the highest-risk patients. The investigation has been satisfactorily terminated based on these results.
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Sipayung, Louis Allen, Frida Purwanti, and Sahala Hutabarat. "PERENCANAAN PROGRAM INTERPRETASI LINGKUNGAN DALAM PENGELOLAAN WISATA DI MAROON MANGROVE EDU PARK SEMARANG." Management of Aquatic Resources Journal (MAQUARES) 6, no. 3 (April 30, 2018): 255–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/marj.v6i3.20584.
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ABSTRAK Interpertasi lingkungan dapat berperan penting dalam ekowisata dengan memberikan edukasi kepada pengunjung tentang potensi kawasan, informasi tentang konsekuensi pada setiap tindakan dan mengubah perilaku pengunjung untuk melestarikan lingkungan. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari 2017, dengan tujuan mengkaji profil dan persepsi pengunjung, mengidentifikasi ketersedian media informasi dan menyusun program interpretasi lingkungan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah metode deskriptif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan teknik wawancara menggunakan kuesioner terhadap 50 pengunjung serta Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dengan stakeholder MMEP Semarang. Observasi dilakukan untuk mengidentifikasi ketersediaan media informasi yang ada di MMEP Semarang. Profil pengunjung yang datang ke MMEP Semarang paling banyak dari kelompok anak muda yang berusia antara 15-24 tahun dan berasal dari wilayah Semarang sekitarnya (Kedungsepur). Persepsi pengunjung tentang informasi potensi wisata MMEP Semarang melalui program interpretasi yang ada, menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar pengunjung (70%) masih kurang mendapatkan edukasi mengenai potensi wisata. Ketersediaan media informasi yang ada di MMEP Semarang terdiri dari papan informasi potensi alam, papan petunjuk arah, papan sejarah penanaman mangrove, papan informasi karcis, papan sejarah awal lokasi wisata dan papan larangan wilayah Lanumad. Program interpretasi lingkungan sesuai road map pengembangan wisata tahun 2015-2020 meliputi peyediaaan jasa pemandu wisata yang kompeten dan perbaikan fasilitas interpretasi yang sudah ada. Kata Kunci: Interpretasi Lingkungan; Wisata; Media Informasi; Maroon Mangrove Edu Park ABSTRACT Environmental interpretation play an important role in ecotourism by educating visitors about the potency areas, providing information on the consequences of each action and stimulating visitor behavior to preserve the environment. The study was conducted in February 2017, with the aims to assess visitor profiles and perceptions, to identify the availability of information media and to develop environmental interpretation programs. The method used in this research is descriptive method. The data were collected by interviewing to 50 visitors using questionnaires and Focus Gorup Discussion (FGD) with stakeholders at MMEP Semarang. Observations were conducted to identify the availability of information media in MMEP Semarang. Profile of visitors who come to MMEP Semarang are mostly a group of young people with aged between 15-24 years and came from Semarang. The visitor perception about information of tourism potential at MMEP Semarang from the existing interpretation program, has shown that most of the visitors (70%) get less education about tourism potential. Availability of information media available in MMEP Semarang consists of natural potential information board, direction board, mangrove planting history board, ticket board information, early history board of tourist sites and ban board of Lanumad area. The environmental interpretation program would be develop according to the road map of tourism development 2015-2020 are providing competent tour guides and upgrading the existing interpretation facilities. Keywords: Enviromental Interpretation, Tourism, Information Media Maroon Mangrove Edupark
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Sugow, Abdulmalik, Zalo Margret, and Isaac Rutenbeg. "Appraising the Impact of Kenya’s Cyber-Harassment Law on the Freedom of Expression." Journal of Intellectual Property and Information Technology Law (JIPIT) 1, no. 1 (June 4, 2021): 91–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.52907/jipit.v1i1.67.
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Kenya’s Computer Misuse and Cybercrimes Act makes it an offence, in Section 27, for a person to communicate with another a message that they know or ought to know would cause the recipient fear; is indecent or offensive in nature; or would detrimentally affect the recipient. This offence carries a penalty of either a 20 million shilling fine or a 10-year term of imprisonment or—discretionarily—both. While the offence is termed ‘cyber-harassment’, its wording appears to exclude a number of offences that would count as cyber-harassment such as cyber-stalking, doxing or impersonation. In fact, its wording is vague and overbroad, using undefined terms such as ‘detrimentally affect’ which require subjective interpretation. Cyber-harassment laws constitute a limitation on the freedom of expression and as such, ought to conform to the limitations of human rights test as provided in Article 24 of the Constitution. Where the aim sought is legitimate in a democratic society and other conditions such as legality are met, this limitation is valid. This paper reviews Kenya’s law that was recently upheld by the High Court in Bloggers Association of Kenya (BAKE) v Attorney General & Three others; Article 19 East Africa & another and finds that it fails to meet the limitations test prescribed under Article 24 of the Constitution. It argues that Section 27 of the Computer Misuse and Cybercrimes Act is therefore overbroad and has the potential to be used as a tool for the unconstitutional suppression of legitimate criticism.
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Yang, Su Jeong, Hee Joong Lim, So Hyun Park, Seung Joon Choi, and Young Sup Shim. "Interpretation discrepancies of abdominal imaging by on-call radiology residents: Evaluation of risk factors." PLOS ONE 17, no. 9 (September 9, 2022): e0274313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274313.
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The aim of this study was to determine the rate, important findings, and risk factors related to discrepancies between on-call residents’ and attending radiologists’ interpretations of abdominal examinations. We identified 1132 eligible patients with abdominal radiology findings that were preliminary interpreted by on-call residents between February 2016 and September 2019. The preliminary interpretations were compared with the final interpretations by abdominal attending radiologists, including clinical data. The preliminary interpretations were analyzed by three radiologists in consensus, who categorized the reports according to organs, important findings (i.e., active bleeding, bowel obstruction, organ ischemia or infarction, and organ rupture), clinical outcomes, and discrepancies with respect to final interpretations. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the risk factors for important discrepant findings. Of 1132 patients, the bowel (n = 567, 50.1%) was the most common organ interpreted by on-call residents, followed by gallbladder/bile duct/pancreas (n = 139, 12.3%) and liver (n = 116, 10.2%). Of 1132, 359 patients (31.7%) had disease with 379 important findings: active bleeding (n = 222), organ rupture (n = 77), bowel obstruction (n = 52), bowel ischemia (n = 24), and organ infarction (n = 4). Sixty-four patients (5.6%) showed discrepancies, and 30 (2.6%) showed 32 important discrepant findings comprising 14 active bleeding, 10 bowel obstructions, 6 organ ruptures, and 2 cases of bowel ischemia. Of the 64 discrepant patients, 33 underwent delayed surgery (n = 18, 28.1%) or interventional treatment (n = 15, 23.4%). In multivariable analysis, bowel obstruction (adjusted odds ratio, 2.52; p = 0.049) was an independent risk factor for determining discrepancy between preliminary and final interpretations. The rate of overall and important discrepancies between on-call residents’ and final interpretations was low. However, given that the bowel was the most frequently interpreted organ, bowel obstruction was identified as a risk factor for discrepant interpretations. The identified risk factor and findings may be useful for residents to minimize discrepancies.
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Huss, Anke, Matthias Egger, Kerstin Hug, Karin Huwiler-Müntener, and Martin Röösli. "Source of funding and results of studies of health effects of mobile phone use: systematic review of experimental studies." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 13, no. 3 (June 2008): 1005–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-81232008000300022.
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There is concern regarding the possible health effects of cellular telephone use. We conducted a systematic review of studies of controlled exposure to radiofrequency radiation with health-related outcomes (electroencephalogram, cognitive or cardiovascular function, hormone levels, symptoms, and subjective well-being). We searched Embase, Medline, and a specialist database in February 2005 and scrutinized reference lists from relevant publications. Data on the source of funding, study design, methodologic quality, and other study characteristics were extracted. The primary outcome was the reporting of at least one statistically significant association between the exposure and a health-related outcome. Data were analyzed using logistic regression models. Of 59 studies, 12 (20%) were funded exclusively by the telecommunications industry, 11 (19%) were funded by public agencies or charities, 14 (24%) had mixed funding (including industry), and in 22 (37%) the source of funding was not reported. Studies funded exclusively by industry reported the largest number of outcomes, but were least likely to report a statistically significant result. The interpretation of results from studies of health effects of radiofrequency radiation should take sponsorship into account.
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Harisman, Trisna Awaludin, Raden Muhammad Mulyadi, and Widyo Nugrahanto. "PEMBREDELAN SURAT KABAR PIKIRAN RAKJAT TAHUN 1965." Patanjala Jurnal Penelitian Sejarah dan Budaya 12, no. 1 (April 18, 2020): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.30959/patanjala.v12i1.528.
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Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui latar belakang pembredelan surat kabar Pikiran Rakjat pada 1965 setelah munculnya peraturan bagi pers untuk berafiliasi dengan partai atau organisasi politik tertentu. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian sejarah kritis yang terdiri dari empat tahapan kerja: heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada awal tahun 1965, kegiatan pers surat kabar Pikiran Rakjat sempat diberhentikan oleh pemerintah disebabkan terlambatnya surat kabar ini untuk terlibat dalam aktivitas politik. Pada 24 Maret 1966 atas dorongan Pangdam Siliwangi para wartawan yang di wakili Sakti Alamsyah sepakat untuk melakukan kerjasama untuk menerbitkan surat kabar Angkatan Bersenjata Edisi Jawa Barat. Belum setahun surat kabar ini terbit, Kementeriaan Penerangan mencabut kembali peraturan tentang afialiasi dalam dunia politik. Kondisi ini menyebabkan pada 24 Maret 1967 surat kabar Angkatan Bersenjata Edisi Jawa Barat berubah nama menjadi Harian Umum Pikiran Rakjat dibawah pemimpin umum redaksi yaitu Sakti Alamsyah. The purpose of this study is to determine the background to the banning of the Pikiran Rakjat Newspaper in 1965. The ban came after the government issued a regulation of requiring the press to be affiliated with certain political parties or organizations. This study uses a critical historical research method consisting of four stages of work, namely heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The results of this study show evidence that in the beginning of 1965 the government banned the newspaper because it was considered too late to engage in political activity. At the instigation of Commander of Military Regional Command/Siliwangi, it was on 24 March 1966 that journalists represented by Sakti Alamsyah agreed to cooperate in publishing Angkatan Bersenjata Newspaper West Java edition. However, when it was not yet a year old, the Ministry of Information revoked the regulations on obligating the press to affiliate with the political world. It was on March 24, 1967 that Angkatan Bersenjata Newspaper West Java edition consequently changed its name to Harian Umum Pikiran Rakjat and was operated under the editor-in-chief Sakti Alamsyah.
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Zhauniarovich, Piotr P. "Editing: Problems of Terminology." Tekst. Kniga. Knigoizdanie, no. 24 (2020): 173–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/23062061/24/9.
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Taking into consideration the fact that editing is considered to be a field of scientific knowledge, a sphere of practical activity, and a discipline, problems of terminology appear. The aim of the research is to reveal definitions and statements that tend to take the role of terms and contain conflicting statements obstructing the scientific comprehension of terms. The research focuses on the comparison of different definitions of the term “editing” and of its types given by Russian and foreign theorists and practitioners, as well as on the analysis of new terms introduced into scientific discourse. The author touches upon various definitions of the concept of editing, considers its types as well as differences between the notions of editing and literary editing, compares the interpretations of these concepts in Russian, British, and American (editing, copyediting), Ukrainian and Polish scientific discourses, offers his vision of the problems. Textbooks and reference books do not always provide proper differences between the two main components of editorial activity—editorial analysis (evaluation) and editing. There are significant developments of Russian researchers in the direction of the history of editing ahead of the Western research. One can state that Russia has a school of editing history, and university researchers make a great contribution to its development. The author suggests adhering to the established traditions in the interpretation of editing and using it in journalism in the same sense as in book publishing, since initially it was the publishing of books that caused the need in editing as a professional activity. The result of the research demonstrates that it is impossible to refer editing as a sphere of scientific knowledge only to book publishing or philology. The author proposes his own definition of editing, tries to optimize the number of types of editing (particularly, duplication of the notions “editing” and “literary editing”, “editing” and “copyediting” is stated), and introduces a terminological combination “history of editing” into scientific discourse. The author proves that the replacement of the concepts “editing” and “editorial analysis” with such notions as “text activity” and “criticism of speech”, respectively, is not justified in scientific terms.
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Khan, Alina Nawaz, Rabia Khan, Naheed Siddiqui, Salman Pervaiz Rana, Faqirullah -, and Riffat Masood. "Wheat Pill Poisoning: Management and outcome in cases reported in DG Khan District." Professional Medical Journal 28, no. 08 (August 1, 2021): 1096–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2021.28.08.4791.
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Objective: To determine the clinical manifestations and prognosis of victims presenting with wheat pill poisoning. Study Design: Prospective Cohort Study. Setting: Emergency Department in District Headquarter Hospital DG Khan. Period: February 2019 to January 2020. Material & Methods: Patients admitted with history of accidental or suicidal wheat pills poisoning were followed over a period of 3 to 6 months. Symptomatic treatment was initially given for 2-3 hours. The patients were retained in CCU for 24 hours before shifting to ward. Research tool (proforma) was designed for collection and interpretation of data. Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation Score 2 (APACHE-2) score was used for prognosis and recovery. Result: Out of 96 victims of aluminum phosphide ingestion male/female ratio was 2:1, 64% (n= 64) were females and 36% (n=32) were males. Higher incidence was found in age group (16–25 years (n= 27 victims). Overall mortality was 63 (65.6%). Conclusion: Wheat pill was a poison of choice among teens and adults in Pakistan as it is freely available and cheap. Arrhythmia and metabolic acidosis are the major causes of death after wheat pills ingestion. Coconut oil was found effective in delaying the absorption.
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Firmansyah, Andang, Edwin Mirzachaerulsyah, and Novitasari Novitasari. "Pendudukan Jepang di Mempawah, 1942-1944." Fajar Historia: Jurnal Ilmu Sejarah dan Pendidikan 6, no. 1 (June 25, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.29408/fhs.v6i1.3637.
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Japan entered West Kalimantan for the first time by controlling the administrative city, Pontianak. The control of the Mempawah area is vital because it is located between Pontianak City and Singkawang City, the administrative city of the Netherlands. This study aimed to determine the occupation of the Japanese army in Mempawah City, the entry of Japanese troops in Mempawah City, and the leadership of the Japanese military in Mempawah City. The research uses the historical method with four stages heuristics, source criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The results showed that the Japanese entered the city of Mempawah around the end of February 1942. At the beginning of the occupation, the Japanese immediately managed the local government by placing soldiers of the highest rank to lead the city of Mempawah. Japan also recorded and arrested several actual figures who endangered its power in Mempawah. The leadership of the Japanese government left after Japan surrendered to the allies and marked the end of Japanese rule in Mempawah.Jepang pertama kali masuk ke Kalimantan Barat dengan menguasai kota administratif Pontianak. Penguasaan kawasan Mempawah sangat vital karena terletak di antara Kota Pontianak dan Kota Singkawang, kota administratif Belanda. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pendudukan tentara Jepang di Kota Mempawah, masuknya pasukan Jepang di Kota Mempawah, dan kepemimpinan militer Jepang di Kota Mempawah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah dengan empat tahapan heuristik, kritik sumber, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Jepang memasuki kota Mempawah sekitar akhir Februari 1942. Pada awal pendudukan, Jepang langsung mengatur pemerintahan daerah dengan menempatkan prajurit berpangkat tertinggi untuk memimpin kota Mempawah. Jepang juga mencatat dan menangkap beberapa tokoh nyata yang membahayakan kekuasaannya di Mempawah. Kepemimpinan pemerintah Jepang pergi setelah Jepang menyerah kepada sekutu dan menandai berakhirnya kekuasaan Jepang di Mempawah.
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Emel’yanova, N. ""Soft power" as a Concept: a Critical Analysis." Journal of International Analytics, no. 3 (September 28, 2018): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2587-8476-2018-0-3-7-24.
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The focus of the article is on current discussions on the heuristic significance of the "soft power" concept, examines the socio-political and philosophical foundations of the phenomenon, and states the de-Americanization of the soft power discourse and the related changes in the behavior of the new "soft power" actors.The theoretical basis of the article is the conceptual interpretation of the concept of "power" proposed by Joseph Nye as an alternative to Realistic and Neo-Realistic models of power relations in modern world politics. Nye singled out coercion, influence and attractiveness as equivalent dimensions of force.The research methodology is based on formal-logical and content-logical methods.The research procedure first of all is built around the typology of criticism of "soft power" as a concept and the prospects for its overcoming.In the analysis of the results, it is noted that Nye in the concept of "soft power" had verified the accents of modern socio-philosophical and political-philosophical approaches in relation to the power-discourse of international relations. It is predicted that the theoretical comprehension of the "soft power" will develop, as its use by states will continue. First, it concerns "rising forces" (such as China and India).In conclusion, it is emphasized that the ability of the state to compete globally in three areas (economic growth, military technological development and value-cultural impact) allows us to talk about it in terms of full power, which is impossible without resorting to the complex phenomenon of "soft power", questions of national identity in a new way and to the non-material grounds of the state.
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Powers, Leah. "The Uncertain Future of the Fair Housing Act: HUD’s Recent Changes to Disparate Impact Standard." SMU Law Review Forum 74, no. 1 (February 2021): 29–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.25172/slrf.74.1.2.
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In 2013, the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) published its Disparate Impact Final Rule in which it sought to formalize its longstanding interpretation of disparate impact liability under the Fair Housing Act (FHA) by setting forth a three-part burden-shifting framework. HUD subsequently revisited its disparate impact standard following the 2015 Supreme Court ruling in Inclusive Communities and published a Proposed Rule on August 19, 2019. On September 24, 2020, HUD published a new Final Rule substantially altering the disparate impact standard laid out by the 2013 Rule. This Comment will analyze the similarities and differences between the disparate impact standard in the 2013 Rule and the standard set forth in the current, 2020 Rule. Additionally, given that the 2020 Rule was drafted in response to Inclusive Communities, this Comment will examine whether, and to what extent, the 2020 Rule is consistent with the Court’s ruling. Finally, this Comment will address the criticism leveled at the 2020 Rule by fair housing advocates and explore potential consequences of the new standard. Ultimately, this Comment will argue that, although the 2020 Rule finds some textual support in Inclusive Communities for several elements of its new framework, given the broad remedial purpose of the FHA, the core mission of HUD to eradicate housing discrimination, the potential, negative consequences of the new standard, and President Biden’s recent memorandum on housing discrimination, HUD should abandon the 2020 Rule and readopt the 2013 Rule.
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Sigmundsson, Freysteinn, Michelle Parks, Andrew Hooper, Halldór Geirsson, Kristín S. Vogfjörd, Vincent Drouin, Benedikt G. Ófeigsson, et al. "Deformation and seismicity decline before the 2021 Fagradalsfjall eruption." Nature 609, no. 7927 (September 14, 2022): 523–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05083-4.
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AbstractIncreased rates of deformation and seismicity are well-established precursors to volcanic eruptions, and their interpretation forms the basis for eruption warnings worldwide. Rates of ground displacement and the number of earthquakes escalate before many eruptions1–3, as magma forces its way towards the surface. However, the pre-eruptive patterns of deformation and seismicity vary widely. Here we show how an eruption beginning on 19 March 2021 at Fagradalsfjall, Iceland, was preceded by a period of tectonic stress release ending with a decline in deformation and seismicity over several days preceding the eruption onset. High rates of deformation and seismicity occurred from 24 February to mid-March in relation to gradual emplacement of an approximately 9-km-long magma-filled dyke, between the surface and 8 km depth (volume approximately 34 × 106 m3), as well as the triggering of strike-slip earthquakes up to magnitude MW 5.64. As stored tectonic stress was systematically released, there was less lateral migration of magma and a reduction in both the deformation rates and seismicity. Weaker crust near the surface may also have contributed to reduced seismicity, as the depth of active magma emplacement progressively shallowed. This demonstrates that the interaction between volcanoes and tectonic stress as well as crustal layering need to be fully considered when forecasting eruptions.
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Rutledge, David. "Faithful Reading: Poststructuralism and the Sacred." Biblical Interpretation 4, no. 3 (1996): 270–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156851596x00022.
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AbstractIn its subversive interrogations of universal values, objective criteria for meaning, canonicity and other hallmarks which distinguish the Literary, poststructuralism appears to confront all that is "sacred" in the privileged texts of Western culture. Particularly in biblical criticism, insofar as the sanctity of the text and the inviolability of its truth claims are held to be unquestionable, poststructuralism is often denounced as anathema, or at least inappropriate, to exegesis. It is argued that if determinate meaning is inaccessible through language, and universal truth a chimera, then according to poststructuralist tenets the Bible is, like all literature, "Just another text." This paper entertains another possibility: that poststructuralism in fact places the Bible in a position of singular significance. If claims for the "sacredness" of certain texts are precisely where poststructuralist critics direct their efforts, then biblical texts, whose claims for sacredness are more insistent and dogmatic than most, should provide poststructuralism's most contentious (and therefore most important) field of operation. Interrogating the sacred, far from being an iconoclastic pursuit, is an inevitable consequence of the reception of sacred texts-indeed, of language-in culture. By way of illustrating this point, I offer a reading of the Garden of Eden story (Gen. 2:4b-3:24) which incorporates insights offered by Jacques Derrida's critique of logocentrism. What poststructuralism demands, in the final analysis, is not the abandonment of meaning but its reconfiguration: notions of faithful reading and respect for the text which embrace difference, ambiguity and an understanding of the sacred as the site not of uncontestable command, but of enquiry and interpretation.
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Mamishova, Narmina. "Türkiye’s policy on Russia-Ukraine war: Geopolitical legsplit in action." Міжнародні відносини, суспільні комунікації та регіональні студії, no. 3 (14) (October 21, 2022): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/2524-2679-2022-03-31-43.
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On 16 March 2022, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Turkey (or rather Türkiye) issued another press release on the anniversary of the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation [1] to decry the eight-year-old illegitimate referendum in Ukraine’s Autonomous Republic. Beyond doubt, official Ankara has been consistent in supporting the sovereignty and territorial integrity of its strategic partner, including on the international political fora (its UN General Assembly voting patterns are another eloquent example of this). Yet, the stance of President Erdoğan’s administration on Russia’s “special military operation” (reads as war), which unfolded on Ukrainian territory on 24 February 2022, has been rather controversial. In its immediate formal response to this unjust and unlawful act of the Kremlin, the Turkish MFA labelled the attack launched by the Russian armed forces against Ukraine as unacceptable and the one posing a serious threat to the security of the region and the world, having condemned the very idea of “changing of borders by use of arms” [2]. Of particular importance have been Türkiye’s strong criticism of Russia’s days-before decision to recognize the so-called Donetsk and Luhansk People’s Republics, key military capabilities including drones provided to Ukraine, blocked access to the Bosporus and Dardanelles Straits for non-Turkish warships, and peace efforts of President Erdoğan to resuscitate top-level communication between Moscow and Kyiv. It is official Ankara, however, to refuse from joining other NATO allies and EU partners in their sanctions policy against President Putin’s regime, to keep Turkish air space open for Russian aircraft, and to denounce discriminatory attitude towards Russians and Russian culture in some Western countries. This article looks at whether the above refers to occasional double standards or is part of systemic trading-off policy of President Erdoğan’s Türkiye in-between Russia and the West.
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Chauhan, Vivek, Prakash C. Negi, Sujeet Raina, Sunil Raina, Mukul Bhatnagar, Rajesh Guleri, Vikrant Kanwar, and Kumar S. Pandey. "Smartphone-based tele-electrocardiography support for primary care physicians reduces the pain-to-treatment time in acute coronary syndrome." Journal of Telemedicine and Telecare 24, no. 8 (July 27, 2017): 540–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1357633x17719395.
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Background The Himachal Pradesh state acute coronary syndrome registry recorded a median delay of 13 h between the time of onset of pain to the time of making the diagnosis and giving treatment for acute coronary syndrome. We conducted a pilot study on providing 24-h tele-electrocardiography (Tele-ECG) services in the district Kangra of Himachal Pradesh, with the aim to reduce the time taken for diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. Methods The intervention group for the study included eight rural community health centres, each with one to three primary care physicians, who were all unskilled in electrocardiogram interpretation. We provided them with 24-h Tele-ECG support. The primary care physicians used their smartphones to transmit the electrocardiogram image to the command centre, which was then read by the skilled specialist physicians in our medical college hospital and the report sent back within five minutes of having received the electrocardiogram. Antiplatelets were given by the primary care physician to patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome, who was then transported to the medical college hospital. The urban sub-divisional hospitals ( n = 6) formed the control group for the study. These hospitals had five to fifteen unskilled primary care physicians and one to two skilled specialist physicians; no intervention was done in this group. A pilot was run from February 2015–January 2016. Results We received 819 Tele-ECG consultations within the intervention group; 157 cases of acute coronary syndrome were confirmed and transferred to our medical college hospital facility. Similarly, we admitted 177 cases of acute coronary syndrome at the medical college hospital, who were first attended to by the primary care physician in the control group. Aspirin was administered to 91% and 58% of patients with acute coronary syndrome in the intervention and the control groups, respectively ( p < 0.0001). The median hospital-to-aspirin time (h) in the intervention and the control groups was 0.7 ± 1.45 h and 3.5 ± 10 h, respectively ( p < 0.0001). In the intervention group, 72% of the ST elevation myocardial infarction patients were diagnosed within 12 h by the primary care physician using Tele-ECG support. Interpretation and conclusions Smartphone-based Tele-ECG support for primary care physicians reduced the hospital-to-aspirin time in acute coronary syndrome significantly ( p < 0.0001). This is an effective low cost strategy and is easily replicable anywhere in the world.
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Yalovenko, Olha V. "POETICS OF GASTRONOMIC IMAGES IN JHUMPA LAHIRI’S “THE NAMESAKE”." Alfred Nobel University Journal of Philology 2, no. 24 (December 20, 2022): 131–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32342/2523-4463-2022-2-24-11.
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The purpose of the article is to analyze the specificity of gastronomic images and the Indian gastronomic code in Jhumpa Lahiri’s “The Namesake” as a personification of Asian identity in the context of transcultural paradigm. In the article the following methods are used: cultural and historical, historical and typological, functional, hermeneutic, narratological analysis, biographical, the principles of postcolonial and decolonial criticism. The author of the article notes that food serves as a conditional language for characters and as a cultural code that can successfully be interpreted by “ours” only – Indian culture representatives. Such symbolic “contact” with the cuisine of another country allows us to differentiate, to understand and to assimilate “our” in a better way. Therefore, cultural culinary differences are found in the kitchen, where the character is accustomed to spend most of her day and especially carefully prepares the dishes. An interpretation of cooking as a true art is associated with Jhumpa Lahiri`s marginalized / border characters: you need to remember how much, when, and what kind of spices are to be added to the dishes. As a true Bengali woman, the character skillfully prepares traditional “her” dishes. The heroine “fills” her inner cultural nostalgia and sadness with cooking, and thus tries to move home mentally. She realizes that all other identities in herself can be disappointed and even broken, but the chef identity will always stand, it will stand even in a new cultural environment. Food and character’s culinary activities serve as a cover to talk about something else: the psychology, and, above all, the expression of cultural identity. Having analyzed gastronomic images in Jhumpa Lahiri’s “The Namesake”, we managed to draw the following conclusions: the food image in fiction works makes it possible to interpret it as an aesthetic phenomenon, as then relative category “edible” / “inedible”. In the novel, cooking processes are presented in an instructive manner but also the gastronomic images have a specific purpose – to emphasize cultural identity, as well as to show character’s psychological portrait. It is worth noting Ashima’s calm manner in cooking, carefully considering not only the list of dishes but also the candidates for the people for whom these dishes are prepared.
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Bereza, Arkadiusz. "Glosa do wyroku Sądu Apelacyjnego we Wrocławiu z dnia 29 października 2019 r. (I ACa 698/19, niepublikowany)." Studia Iuridica Lublinensia 29, no. 1 (March 29, 2020): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/sil.2020.29.1.245-259.
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<p>The Court of Appeal in Wrocław, in its judgement of 29 October 2019 (I ACa 698/19) amending the judgement of the District Court of Wrocław of 28 February 2019 (I C733/18), declared invalid the acquisition of a real property by a South Korean citizen. In its judgement, the Court of Appeal in Wrocław interpreted Article 8 (2) of the Act of 24 March 1920 on the Acquisition of Real Property by Foreigners. This provision governs the subjective scope of the exemption from the obligation to obtain the authorisation from the minister competent for interior affairs for the acquisition of real property. The Court of Appeal has concluded that a natural person who is a foreign person within the meaning of the Act on the Acquisition of Real Property by Foreigners and who is not a citizen of the European Economic Area Member State or the Swiss Confederation, even though pursues individual economic activity in the territory of the Republic of Poland, shall not be entitled to the exemption provided for in Article 8 (2) of the Act on the Acquisition of Real Property by Foreigners concerning nationals and undertakings of the Member States of the European Economic Area agreement or the Swiss Confederation, as this would be contrary to the function of the Act on the Acquisition of Real Property by Foreigners and the systemic and teleological interpretation of Article 8 (2) of this Act.</p>
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Nava-Fernandez, Cinthya, Adam Hartland, Fernando Gázquez, Ola Kwiecien, Norbert Marwan, Bethany Fox, John Hellstrom, et al. "Pacific climate reflected in Waipuna Cave drip water hydrochemistry." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 24, no. 6 (July 1, 2020): 3361–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-3361-2020.
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Abstract. Cave microclimate and geochemical monitoring is vitally important for correct interpretations of proxy time series from speleothems with regard to past climatic and environmental dynamics. We present results of a comprehensive cave-monitoring programme in Waipuna Cave in the North Island of New Zealand, a region that is strongly influenced by the Southern Westerlies and the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). This study aims to characterise the response of the Waipuna Cave hydrological system to atmospheric circulation dynamics in the southwestern Pacific region in order to assure the quality of ongoing palaeo-environmental reconstructions from this cave. Drip water from 10 drip sites was collected at roughly monthly intervals for a period of ca. 3 years for isotopic (δ18O, δD, d-excess parameter, δ17O, and 17Oexcess) and elemental (Mg∕Ca and Sr∕Ca) analysis. The monitoring included spot measurements of drip rates and cave air CO2 concentration. Cave air temperature and drip rates were also continuously recorded by automatic loggers. These datasets were compared to surface air temperature, rainfall, and potential evaporation from nearby meteorological stations to test the degree of signal transfer and expression of surface environmental conditions in Waipuna Cave hydrochemistry. Based on the drip response dynamics to rainfall and other characteristics, we identified three types of discharge associated with hydrological routing in Waipuna Cave: (i) type 1 – diffuse flow, (ii) type 2 – fracture flow, and (iii) type 3 – combined flow. Drip water isotopes do not reflect seasonal variability but show higher values during severe drought. Drip water δ18O values are characterised by small variability and reflect the mean isotopic signature of precipitation, testifying to rapid and thorough homogenisation in the epikarst. Mg∕Ca and Sr∕Ca ratios in drip waters are predominantly controlled by prior calcite precipitation (PCP). Prior calcite precipitation is strongest during austral summer (December–February), reflecting drier conditions and a lack of effective infiltration, and is weakest during the wet austral winter (July–September). The Sr∕Ca ratio is particularly sensitive to ENSO conditions due to the interplay of congruent or incongruent host rock dissolution, which manifests itself in lower Sr∕Ca in above-average warmer and wetter (La Niña-like) conditions. Our microclimatic observations at Waipuna Cave provide a valuable baseline for the rigorous interpretation of speleothem proxy records aiming at reconstructing the past expression of Pacific climate modes.
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Gabrielova, Elena V., and Olga I. Maksimenko. "Implicit vs explicit evaluation: How English-speaking Twitter users discuss migration problems." Russian Journal of Linguistics 25, no. 1 (December 15, 2021): 105–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2687-0088-2021-25-1-105-124.
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The current research answers the question how Twitter users express their evaluation of topical social problems (explicitly or implicitly) and what linguistic means they use, being restricted by the allowed length of the message. The article explores how Twitter users communicate with each other and exchange ideas on social issues of great importance, express their feelings using a number of linguistic means, while being limited by a fixed number of characters, and form solidarity, being geographically distant from each other. The research is focused on the linguistic tools employed by Twitter users in order to express their personal attitude. The subject chosen for study was the migration processes in Europe and the USA. The aim of the current investigation is to determine the correlation between the attitudes of English-speaking users towards migration and the way they are expressed implicitly or explicitly. The authors make an attempt to define which tools contribute to the implicit or explicit nature of the utterances. The material includes 100 tweets of English-speaking users collected from February 1 to July 31, 2017. The choice of the time period is defined by significant events in Trumps migration policy and their consequences. The research is based on the content analysis of the material carried out by means of the Atlas.ti program. The software performs the coding of textual units, counts the frequency of codes and their correlation. The results of the research show that Twitter users tend to express their critical attitudes towards migration, rather than approve of it or sympathise with migrants. Criticism is more often expressed implicitly rather than explicitly. In order to disguise the attitude and feelings, the English-speaking users of Twitter employed irony, questions and quotations, while the explicit expression of attitudes was done by means of imperative structures. It is also worth mentioning that ellipses, contractions and abbreviations were used quite frequently due to the word limit of tweets. At the same time, the lack of knowledge about extralinguistic factors and personal characteristics of users makes the process of interpretation of tweets rather challenging. The findings of the current research suggest the necessity to take into account implicit negative attitudes while carrying out the analysis of public opinion on Twitter.
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Risse, Mathias. "A Right to Work? A Right to Leisure? Labor Rights as Human Rights." Law & Ethics of Human Rights 3, no. 1 (January 1, 2009): 1–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1938-2545.1028.
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Labor rights are the first to come up for criticism when accounts of human rights are offered in response to philosophical questions about them, and notoriously so Article 24, which talks about `rest and leisure' and `period holidays with pay.' This study first tries to make it plausible why labor rights would appear on the Universal Declaration, and next articulates some philosophical objections to their presence there. The interesting question then is not so much how one could respond to the objections, but to explore what commitments one needs to make to answer our question in a satisfactory manner. To make progress, we can contrast the idea of human rights with conceptions of them. Such conceptions offer answers to a set of philosophical questions about human rights. It would be rather unlikely for any such conception to emerge as the uniquely best philosophical account of human rights since disagreements among different conceptions (each of which requires commitments to a range of issues) are complex. What is sensible to ask then is what a conception of human rights would have to be like to count labor rights as human rights, and whether there is a conception of that sort. I offer one conception that I take to be plausible overall, and that does count labor rights as human rights. Or, that is: it does count a right to work as a human right, alas not in the strong interpretation according to which states must create jobs but in the weaker sense that states need to make sure people are not systematically excluded from employment, and are treated in certain ways at their place of work, and it does count a right to leisure as a human right, alas not a right to paid vacations.
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Jais Kumar, Balaj Sarwar, Jai Kirshan, and Abdul Rehman Khan. "Changing Histopathological Trends in Idiopathic Steroid Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome in Pediatric Population." Annals of PIMS-Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University 17, no. 2 (May 19, 2021): 146–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.48036/apims.v17i2.456.
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Objective: This study aims to determine the most prevalent histopathological subtype of nephrotic syndrome in children and assess the response to corticosteroids therapy in different histological patterns. Methodology: A cross-sectional analysis of 64 patients was conducted from february 2018 to june 2019 at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences Hospital (PIMS), Islamabad. Patients were clinically assessed and investigated using criteria determined by International Study of Kidney Disease in Children (ISKDC). Renal biopsies were performed where indicated and samples were examined with the help of light microscopy and immunofluorescence. IBM SPSS 24 and Excel 2010 were used for data interpretation and illustration. Results: The study comprised of 64 patients including 32 (50%) females and 32 (50%) males, ranging from 2 years to 12 years, with a mean age of 6.78 years. The results showed FSGS (28.13%) and MCD (28.13%) as the most common pattern on histopathology followed by MPGN (15.63%), Mesengioproliferative Glomerulonephritis (9.38%), Membranous glomerulonephritis (9.38%), Diffuse Proliferative glomerulonephritis (DPGN) (3.13%), Lupus Nephritis (LN) (3.13%), IgM nephropathy (IgMN) (3.13%). 87.5% children were observed to be resistant to corticosteroid therapy, whereas, the rest of the 12.5% patients responded to corticosteroid treatment. Conclusion: Resistance to steroids has become more prevalent in all variants of nephrotic syndrome in children. FSGS and Minimal change disease are the most frequently seen histopathological patterns observed in the pediatric population of Pakistan, having Steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). Furthermore, an increase in the frequency of FSGS was observed in our population, in comparison to prior studies.
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Salway, Travis, Stephen Juwono, Ben Klassen, Olivier Ferlatte, Aidan Ablona, Harlan Pruden, Jeffrey Morgan, et al. "Experiences with sexual orientation and gender identity conversion therapy practices among sexual minority men in Canada, 2019–2020." PLOS ONE 16, no. 6 (June 3, 2021): e0252539. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0252539.
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Background “Conversion therapy” practices (CTP) are organized and sustained efforts to avoid the adoption of non-heterosexual sexual orientations and/or of gender identities not assigned at birth. Few data are available to inform the contemporary prevalence of CTP. The aim of this study is to quantify the prevalence of CTP among Canadian sexual and gender minority men, including details regarding the setting, age of initiation, and duration of CTP exposure. Methods Sexual and gender minority men, including transmen and non-binary individuals, aged ≥ 15, living in Canada were recruited via social media and networking applications and websites, November 2019—February 2020. Participants provided demographic data and detailed information about their experiences with CTP. Results 21% of respondents (N = 9,214) indicated that they or any person with authority (e.g., parent, caregiver) ever tried to change their sexual orientation or gender identity, and 10% had experienced CTP. CTP experience was highest among non-binary (20%) and transgender respondents (19%), those aged 15–19 years (13%), immigrants (15%), and racial/ethnic minorities (11–22%, with variability by identity). Among the n = 910 participants who experienced CTP, most experienced CTP in religious/faith-based settings (67%) or licensed healthcare provider offices (20%). 72% of those who experienced CTP first attended before the age of 20 years, 24% attended for one year or longer, and 31% attended more than five sessions. Interpretation CTP remains prevalent in Canada and is most prevalent among younger cohorts, transgender people, immigrants, and racial/ethnic minorities. Legislation, policy, and education are needed that target both religious and healthcare settings.
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Prinzi, Andrea, Donna Curtis, Sarah Parker, and Sonja Ziniel. "672. The Pediatric Endotracheal Aspirate Culture Survey (Petacs): Examining Practice Variation Across Pediatric Microbiology Laboratories in the United States." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 7, Supplement_1 (October 1, 2020): S391. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.865.
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Abstract Background In the absence of evidence-based laboratory guidelines, the workup and interpretation of tracheal aspirate (TA) cultures remains controversial and confusing within the fields of clinical microbiology, infectious diseases, and critical care. Methods Between January 22 and February 24, 2020, we conducted a national, web-based survey of microbiology laboratory personnel in free-standing pediatric hospitals and adult hospitals containing pediatric facilities regarding the laboratory practices used for TA specimens. We hypothesized that there would be substantial center-level variability in laboratory processes of TA cultures. Results The response rate for the survey was 48%. There was a high level of variability in the criteria used for all processes including specimen receipt, Gram staining and culture reporting. Nearly a quarter of respondents (23%) reject TA specimens based on Gram stain criteria, and 56% of labs require that a minimum number of Gram stain fields be reviewed prior to reporting results. Overall, non-academic hospital laboratories and pediatric-only laboratories are more likely to identify, report and perform susceptibility testing on organisms from tracheal aspirate cultures, regardless of organism quantity or predominance. Conclusion There is a substantial amount of process variability among pediatric microbiology laboratories that affects TA culture reporting, which is used to make treatment decisions. This variation within and among labs makes clinical outcome studies related to TA cultures very difficult. Research is needed to determine best laboratory practices for TA culture workup and to provide evidence for the development of clinical guidelines. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures
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Visnapuu, Karin. "Land Reform and the Principle of Legal Certainty: The Practice of the Supreme Court of Estonia in 1918–1933." Juridica International 27 (September 30, 2018): 53–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/ji.2018.27.05.
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In the early years of the 20th century, the land-ownership and societal structure in many Eastern and some Central European countries displayed remnants of feudalism. Land distribution was dominated by large estates (manors) owned by feudal lords. Since this relic from the age of serfdom was not in line with modern values at all, land reforms were carried out in these countries after World War I. Estonia was no exception: once it gained its independence on 24 February 1918, the main task was to build a modern democratic state that was in accordance with the principle of rule of law. However, the process of land reform itself became a legal challenge to this principle. Today, legal certainty is an important part of the principle of rule of law. Even though legal certainty was not written expressis verbis in contemporary legal acts, it was still considered to be an important principle and it was necessary to follow it. The sterling basis of the land reform was considered to be the Land Law act but the act itself had many drawbacks, which were not resolved even with the respective implementation acts. For this reason, the main task of the Estonian courts became interpretation of the legal norms and forming of the substance of Estonian land reform with their practice. The paper describes how precisely land reform became a challenge to the principle of rule of law in the example of legal certainty, identifies the main problems found in the legislation of Estonian land reform, and articulates how the Estonian Supreme Court solved thus problems.
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Rabinovych, Maryna. "The Interplay between Ukraine’s Domestic Legislation on Conflict and Uncontrolled Territories and its Strategic Use of ‘Lawfare’ before Russia’s 2022 Invasion of Ukraine – A Troubled Nexus?" Review of Central and East European Law 47, no. 3-4 (December 22, 2022): 268–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15730352-bja10070.
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Abstract Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022 can be seen as a culmination of eight years of its aggression against Ukraine, including its annexation of Crimea in March 2014 and the control of the two ‘People’s Republics’ in Donbas. Before the invasion, the Ukrainian authorities had actively expressed their politico-legal stance on the conflict, using lawfare against the Russian Federation, e.g. at the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR), the International Court of Justice (icj), and the International Tribunal of the Law of the Sea (itlos). In this context, the paper explores the interplay between Ukraine’s domestic legislation regarding the annexation of Crimea and Russia’s control of the People’s Republics in Donbas prior to the invasion, and Ukraine’s use of lawfare against Russia with a focus on policy and legal coherence. It is demonstrated that, while Ukraine’s lawfare strategy regarding Crimea had been in line with domestic legislation, Russia’s use of proxies in eastern Ukraine and the challenges of the Minsk peace process led to incoherence between Ukraine’s domestic laws and its use of lawfare. Though Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine is a game-changer, both for Ukraine’s domestic legislation and its use of lawfare, the analysis contributes to an understanding of the nexus between domestic and international law in Ukraine prior to the invasion and explores the implications such a nexus will have for Ukraine’s future lawfare against Russia, including the most recent icj case relating to the interpretation, application, and fulfillment of the 1948 Genocide Convention.
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Volkov, Ivan O. "Vladimir Titov’s Letter to Vladimir Odoevsky as a Well-Known Response to Ivan Turgenev’s Article “Hamlet and Don Quixote” (Contemporaries’ Reception of Turgenev’s Interpretation of the Image of Hamlet)." Tekst. Kniga. Knigoizdanie, no. 26 (2021): 104–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/23062061/26/6.
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For the first time, in the article, Vladimir Titov’s letter (dated 12/24 February 1869) is published and commented. In the 1820s, in Russia, Titov was well-known as a writer and literature theorist, the author of a romantic novella The Remote House on Vasilyevsky Island (1829) close to Society of Lyubomudriye. The letter extracted from the archives of the National Library of Russia is addressed to Duke Vladimir Odoevsky whose relationship with Titov was friendly from the very beginning of their acquaintance. The letter focuses on Ivan Turgenev’s speech published in the first issue of Sovremennik and titled “Hamlet and Don Quixote”. Reacting to Turgenev’s article, Titov shortly and critically accesses the comparison concentrating mainly on the image of Hamlet and thoroughly expresses his opinion on the essence of his tragic state. Titov’s opinion is just the opposite of Turgenev’s complex and multidimensional interpretation. Having experienced the great impact of the philosophy of German idealism at the beginning of his career, Titov to a great extent idealizes Shakespeare’s character whom he long knows and whom he is clearly eager to vindicate. Meanwhile, Titov does not pursue the aim to absolutely advocate the romantic halo of Hamlet as a Titanic personality (grandiose intellect and scale of feeling) and to enact the tragic pathos of the inner fight only. Developing Goethe’s definition of the essence of the character’s inner conflict, Titov, on the one hand, approaches its real understanding underlying the prince’s necessity to stay in a derogatory position of a “pitiful semiclown, indecisive grouch and shred”. On the other hand, the assessment can not be absolutely objective because Titov wants to see Hamlet as a victim of the fatal fortune which turns him into a character of an almost classical tragedy of fate. Titov’s bright and developed reaction (in the document of private nature) to Turgenev’s article is attractive and important first of all for its vividly demonstrated novelty and creativity of the writer’s view, wideness and multimodality of the author’s perception of Hamlet’s image. For the first time, Turgenev gave a developed interpretation of Shakespeare’s image in the tale “Hamlet of Shchigrovsky Province” (1848). Continuing his searches in the area of “Russian” (or “steppe”) Hamlet, Turgenev creates moral and philosophical problems of the English tragedy in the crisis socio-historical and cultural atmosphere of Russia of the 1840s. However, the principles of the artistic generalization and the peculiarities of the new reading, not mentioned and not fully comprehended by his contemporaries, were surprising and rejected when the speech “Hamlet and Don Quixote” appeared, in which Shakespeare’s character is presented ultimately vividly and lively in the then current interpretation.
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Alsova, Olga K., Valery B. Loktev, and Elena N. Naumova. "Rotavirus Seasonality: An Application of Singular Spectrum Analysis and Polyharmonic Modeling." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 22 (November 6, 2019): 4309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16224309.
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The dynamics of many viral infections, including rotaviral infections (RIs), are known to have a complex non-linear, non-stationary structure with strong seasonality indicative of virus and host sensitivity to environmental conditions. However, analytical tools suitable for the identification of seasonal peaks are limited. We introduced a two-step procedure to determine seasonal patterns in RI and examined the relationship between daily rates of rotaviral infection and ambient temperature in cold climates in three Russian cities: Chelyabinsk, Yekaterinburg, and Barnaul from 2005 to 2011. We described the structure of temporal variations using a new class of singular spectral analysis (SSA) models based on the “Caterpillar” algorithm. We then fitted Poisson polyharmonic regression (PPHR) models and examined the relationship between daily RI rates and ambient temperature. In SSA models, RI rates reached their seasonal peaks around 24 February, 5 March, and 12 March (i.e., the 55.17 ± 3.21, 64.17 ± 5.12, and 71.11 ± 7.48 day of the year) in Chelyabinsk, Yekaterinburg, and Barnaul, respectively. Yet, in all three cities, the minimum temperature was observed, on average, to be on 15 January, which translates to a lag between the peak in disease incidence and time of temperature minimum of 38–40 days for Chelyabinsk, 45–49 days in Yekaterinburg, and 56–59 days in Barnaul. The proposed approach takes advantage of an accurate description of the time series data offered by the SSA-model coupled with a straightforward interpretation of the PPHR model. By better tailoring analytical methodology to estimate seasonal features and understand the relationships between infection and environmental conditions, regional and global disease forecasting can be further improved.
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Varfolomeev, A. A., O. P. Ivanov, I. V. Surma, and Y. A. Trefilova. "Expert-analytical Support of Foreign Policy Activities." MGIMO Review of International Relations 14, no. 5 (November 1, 2021): 22–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2021-5-80-22-48.
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The article presents the final results of the project studying the system of expert and analytical support for foreign policy decisions. The project is devoted to conducting a survey and a set of interviews with employees of government bodies (leaders and chief specialists) who are involved in the process of preparing and making foreign policy decisions. The article contains the officials’ assessment of the main challenges when interacting with the scientific and expert community, as well as a "desired image" of such interaction.The study was held in two stages (stage I in February-October 2020, stage II-in January-August 2021) in the form of a survey with a set of follow-up interviews for a more detailed interpretation of the data obtained. The interviewees included 24 employees of federal executive bodies (the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia and Rossotrudnichestvo; departments of international cooperation of line ministries, agencies and services); offices of the chambers of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation (departments providing international and inter-parliamentary cooperation). All participants of the study are in positions of the "managers" category or are part of the group of "chief specialists", that is, they have experience in decision-making process and/or in elaborating them. The survey and interviews were anonymous. The research is within structural-functional, institutional and regulatory approaches. The authors note that informational materials with low level of generalization and lacking recommendations and forecasts will never replace genuine analytics and expertise. Given the development of artificial intelligence, generalizing information will be automatized. As a result, expertise has to be of better quality.
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Suderman, Henry. "Sometimes It’s the Place: The Anabaptist Kingdom Revisited." Renaissance and Reformation 40, no. 4 (January 28, 2018): 117–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.33137/rr.v40i4.29271.
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Interpretations of the Anabaptist Kingdom of Münster (23 February 1534 – 24 June 1535) and the actions of its primary protagonists have tended to be judgmental and dismissive, with little attention given to Münster Anabaptists’ self-descriptions. Studies tend to focus on the wildly imaginative components of the Anabaptist Kingdom as evidence and means for its dismissal. A spatial interpretation of the Anabaptist Kingdom, in which spatial categories are substituted for more conventional social and political categories, holds at least four benefits: it offers a more direct and focused access point into the study of Anabaptist action; it more accurately reflects the concerns of lay Anabaptists and civil authorities; it proposes unparalleled precision in analysis; and it is a particularly suitable analytic for explaining certain forms of cultural contestation and resistance. It is through the introduction of a spatial methodology, in which the Anabaptist Kingdom is interpreted as a deliberately designed and carefully staged social theatre, focused on the representation of power, that the hitherto inexplicable becomes understandable.
Les études sur le royaume anabaptiste de Münster (23 février 1524–24 juin 1535) et sur les actions de ses principaux personnages semblent tendre aux jugements rapides et au mépris, sans accorder beaucoup d’attention aux descriptions que les anabaptistes de Münster donnent d’eux-mêmes. En effet, ces études ont tendance à se concentrer davantage sur le contenu de certaines fantaisies farfelues à l’égard du royaume anabaptiste afin de justifier leur mépris. Il y a plusieurs avantages à leur préférer une interprétation de l’espace du royaume anabaptiste qui remplace les catégories sociales et politiques plus conventionnelles par des categories spatiales. Cette démarche offre une porte d’entrée plus directe et mieux ciblée pour l’étude de l’action anabaptiste. Elle donne aussi un meilleur point de vue sur les préoccupations des anabaptistes laïcs et des autorités civiles. Enfin, elle permet une plus grande precision d’analyse et s’avère bien plus adaptée à expliquer certaines formes de contestations et de resistances culturelles. C’est décidément en adoptant une méthodologie spatiale, dans laquelle le royaume anabaptiste est interprété comme un théâtre social délibérément et minutieusement conçu, concentré sur une représentation des pouvoirs, que l’incompréhensible devient finalement compréhensible.
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Tarkova, A. R., V. D. Anisimova, I. O. Grazhdankin, V. I. Baystrukov, D. D. Zubarev, K. V. Kozyr, O. V. Krestyaninov, A. A. Obedinskiy, A. A. Prokhorikhin, and E. I. Kretov. "Multi-center randomized trial on the impact of “CONFIDENCE” communication program aimed at evaluating therapy adherence of patients with registered myocardial infarction who underwent successful revascularization by stenting or thrombolysis after discharg." Patologiya krovoobrashcheniya i kardiokhirurgiya 21, no. 1 (April 25, 2017): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.21688/1681-3472-2017-1-31-36.
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<p><strong>Aim.</strong> The article looks at the effect of the program "Confidence" to increase the proportion of patients’ therapy in patients with coronary heart disease for two years after successful revascularization using thrombolytic or stenting of the coronary arteries on the myocardial infarction.<br /><strong>Methods.</strong> This is a prospective, randomized, controlled, parallel-group trial including 4.000 patients. They will be divided into two groups: patients receiving standard outpatient observation (n=2000) and those enrolled for the program "Confidence" (n=2000). The total duration is 24 months. The trial will take place in two stages. In the first stage (0-12 months) the impact of the program "Confidence" on therapy adherence and outcomes of cardiovascular diseases will be assessed. In the second stage (after the change of groups in 12 months, 12-24 months) the effect of changing the way to remind patients of therapy adherence will be evaluated.<br /><strong>Conclusion.</strong> The trial was designed in such a way as to show that the proposed program "Confidence" increases the proportion of patients who adhere to therapy in the cohort of those with coronary heart disease for two years after successful revascularization by using thrombolytic or stenting of the coronary arteries against the background of myocardial infarction.</p><p>Received 13 February 2017. Accepted 9 March 2017.</p><p><strong>Financing:</strong> KRKA company’s grant. Sponsorship had no effect on data acquisition, analysis and interpretation.</p><p><strong>Conflict of interest:</strong> Kretov E.I. served as executive editor of “Endovascular surgery” section. All other authors declare no conflict of interest.</p><p><strong>Author contributions</strong><br />Study conception and design: Kretov E.I., Grazhdankin I.O., Baystrukov V.I., Zubarev D.D. <br />Statistical data processing: Krestyaninov O.V., Kozyr K.V., Obedinskiy A.A., Prokhorikhin A.A.<br />Drafting the article: Tarkova A.R., Anisimova V.D.<br />Critical revision: Tarkova A.R., Anisimova V.D., Kretov E.I.</p>