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Journal articles on the topic 'Features of significance'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Zhao, Xiao Gang, and Ying Pan. "Greenway: Origin, Planning Features and Significance." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 2660–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.2660.

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Large-scale greenway planning and construction have been developing for more than 30 years in Europe and the United States. But in China,it is a new topic which has just been noted for few years. With the the development of the research and practice, many countries in the world have been aware of that the greenway planning and construction is a significant measure for the prosperity of the country. This article reviews the origin of the greenway planning, discuss the definition, phase classification, planning features and its significance. The auther hopes it can contribute to the theoretical innovation and practice of greenway planning in China.

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2

Ibragimova, E. A., G. R. Nurekeshova, А. А. Аbilov, and N. R. Khegai. "Significance and features of dialogical teaching." Pedagogy and Psychology 47, no. 2 (June 30, 2021): 169–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2021-2.2077-6861.18.

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The authors of the article focus on the features and importance of interactive learning, analyze the actions of teachers and students in the process of dialogical learning, the methods used in group work. Lectures on the specialty «Translation Studies», a joint conversation of students in practical classes, pair work, analysis of the group work advantages and disadvantages, identified the strengths and weaknesses of the lesson. The authors made a reflective analysis of the content of lectures and practical classes, using new approaches to teaching and learning. Ways of increasing the effectiveness of dialogical learning, specific methods used, lesson planning, proper feedback, ways of dialogue between student and teacher, student and learner have been determined. As interactive learning is a truly effective form of learning that contributes significantly to the development of students’ spoken language, this approach which helps them to open up, communicate, and increase their vocabulary is described in the article.

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Bobrovnyk, S. V. "Judicial interpretation: features and practical significance." INTERPRETATION OF LAW: FROM THE THEORY TO THE PRACTICE, no. 12 (2021): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.33663/2524-017x-2021-12-8.

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Reforming the main spheres of life of modern society causes a significant increase in the importance of law as a social value, a means of ensuring a compromise of social needs, interests and opportunities. Thus, the need for interpretation in law is due not only to the imperfection and ambiguity of the law itself, but also the essence of the right of implementation, which requires interpretation of the law. Violation of the rules of interpretation has serious consequences associated with the violation of human rights and freedoms. The difficulty of understanding the interpretation is related to such factors as: the complexity of the law itself and the sources of its manifestation; the complexity of the interpretation process, which includes clarification and clarification of norms; prevalence of interpretation at all stages of legal regulation; features of subjects of law performing interpretations; multifaceted purpose of interpretation; the prevalence of interpretation results. This makes it possible to argue that there are peculiarities of interpretation in relation to the type of legal activity. The process of interpretation also has its peculiarities in the activity of judges. Judicial interpretation can be defined as the intellectual and volitional activity of courts, based on professional knowledge, carried out in certain ways and using special methods to clarify the content of the applicable law; making a judicial decision; finding a compromise of different interests. Its necessity is determined by the general nature of legal norms; features of the external expression of legal norms; features of the language of law and the rules of presentation of legal norms in the text of the normative legal act; systematic legal requirements; a significant amount of regulatory material used; ambiguity of legal terminology and normative consolidation of several options of behavior, which are chosen by the subjects at their own discretion; conflict and inconsistency of regulatory material. An important aspect of the analysis of judicial interpretation is to clarify its features as a process of thinking. First,in the process of mental activity, the judge can not only find out the direct meaning of the norm, but also reveal its hidden meaning. We are talking about the ambiguity of the wording of legal norms, which directly affects their content. In this case, the judge chooses the meaning of the rule that most fully takes into account the circumstances of the case. Such a situation is possible in the absence of the content included in the norm, which is objectively caused by the practice of its application and the objective needs of society. Secondly, the judge’s mental activity takes place in the case of studying the case file, the evidence presented and the degree of validity of the decisions of the bodies conducting the pretrial investigation or the materials and evidence provided by the parties. Interpreting these documents, the judge chooses those that constitute the evidence base of the case and are sufficiently substantiated. Third, it is the choice of the necessary method of interpretation that corresponds to its purpose. It is important to understand the interpretation and concretization of the legal prescription in order to understand the content of the norm in the process of interpretation. As we know, concretization is the extension of an abstract norm to a certain case or subject. Concretization is the meaning of law enforcement. It is through the issuance of a judicial decision that a rule of law acquires a concretized meaning, extends to a certain situation or regulates the behavior of a certain individually determined subject. If the formal interpretation obliges the judge to clearly follow the text to be interpreted guided solely by the principle of legality, which can lead to an ill-considered, unjust decision, then a realistic way allows in the interpretation to apply the principles and ideas of morality, justice, which can increase the efficiency of judicial activity. Both of these approaches have positive and negative features. After all, if a judge is guided exclusively by the provisions of the law, then, on the one hand, he will ensure compliance with the rule of law and create conditions for improving the effectiveness of law and legal regulation and, on the other hand, he may not ensure fairness and compromise of conflicting interests. law-making in the conditions of dynamic development of social relations. Overcoming the negative aspects of judicial interpretation depends on a number of objective factors related to the quality of legislation, lack of political influence on justice, provision of judges with decent remuneration and working conditions, lack of pressure from higher courts, formation of respect for judicial activity by society. Of great importance in this process is the subjective factors related to the level of training of the judge, the presence of practical experience, his idea of justice, the level of awareness of the generalizations of judicial practice, its legal culture and legal awareness. These factors may affect the appropriate combination of factual and realistic interpretation of legal norms in the justice process. It is important to achieve the goal of interpretation, which can be interpreted with a certain opposite. After all, on the one hand, it consists in intellectually comprehending the will of the legislator and ensuring its concretization in the judicial decision, and on the other hand, this goal should be connected with ensuring justice of the law by taking into account the specifics of a particular case. The combination of these seemingly opposing aspects of the purpose can be ensured by the judge’s justified and appropriate choice of method and method of interpretation. The peculiarities of judicial interpretation are that a judge must not only know the law, but also be able to apply it; must choose the alternative provided by the legal act, which is appropriate and ensures the fairness of the decision; to overcome the double meaning of the legal requirement by intellectual and volitional activity and inner conviction; take into account the causal relationship of interpretation - decision – execution of the decision; adhere to the powers granted and the procedural requirements for their implementation; be aware of the importance of judicial interpretation not only for a particular decision, but also for judicial practice. Interpretation is an important prerequisite for the concretization of law, a means of ensuring its legitimacy and the fact of its high efficiency. In our opinion, interpretation in the process of concretization can take place: in the case of application of imperfect rules of legal technique, which has an incomplete wording and ends with a statement, etc., in other cases; in case of availability of evaluation categories that need clarification; in case of making changes, additions to the legal instruction or its cancellation; in case the judge clarifies the content of the norm in the process of judicial discretion. Keywords: law, law enforcement, interpretation, court interpretation, judicial decision.

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4

Subramanyam, BR, SC Horii, and S. Hilton. "Diffuse testicular disease: sonographic features and significance." American Journal of Roentgenology 145, no. 6 (December 1985): 1221–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2214/ajr.145.6.1221.

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5

Burnett, Richard D., and Jack C. Hall. "Significance of ultrastructural features in etched conodonts." Journal of Paleontology 66, no. 2 (March 1992): 266–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000033783.

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Acid etching combined with scanning electron microscopy (S.E.M.) accentuates a variety of conodont microstructural patterns as compared to unetched specimens. External and internal organic layers surrounding apatitic lamellae are found with internal organic layers apparently thinner than their external counterparts. This may imply partial removal of the outermost organic layer prior to secretion of the next lamella. Etching also provides evidence of internally preserved striate ornament. Polygonal etch artifacts and zones of crystallites aligned in small areas are interpreted as possible sites for apatite biomineralization.

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6

Hare, P. D., and J. van Staden. "Cytokinin oxidase: Biochemical features and physiological significance." Physiologia Plantarum 91, no. 1 (May 1994): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.1994.910118.x.

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7

Guerra-Romero, L., A. Telenti, R. L. Thompson, and G. D. Roberts. "Polymicrobial Fungemia: Microbiology, Clinical Features, and Significance." Clinical Infectious Diseases 11, no. 2 (March 1, 1989): 208–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinids/11.2.208.

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8

Sivan, Gisha. "Fish venom: pharmacological features and biological significance." Fish and Fisheries 10, no. 2 (June 2009): 159–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2979.2008.00309.x.

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9

Chaluvadi, Mahesh, M. V. Raghunadh, Chennamsetty Pullarao, and M. Sankar Kishore. "Significance of Textural Features in Aerial Images." IETE Journal of Education 53, no. 1 (January 2012): 9–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09747338.2012.10876088.

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Hare, P. D., and J. Staden. "Cytokinin oxidase: Biochemical features and physiological significance." Physiologia Plantarum 91, no. 1 (May 1994): 128–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1994.tb00668.x.

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11

Cohen, Seth, Arifulla Khan, and Jan Robison. "Significance of mixed features in acute mania." Comprehensive Psychiatry 29, no. 4 (July 1988): 421–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0010-440x(88)90023-5.

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12

Godtliebsen, F., J. S. Marron, and Probal Chaudhuri. "Statistical significance of features in digital images." Image and Vision Computing 22, no. 13 (November 2004): 1093–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.imavis.2004.05.002.

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13

Sobolev, Aleksandr, and Sergey Khmelev. "FEATURES AND SIGNIFICANCE OF COOPERATIVES IN AGRICULTURE." Russian Journal of Management 9, no. 2 (August 31, 2021): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2409-6024-2021-9-2-31-35.

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Relevance and novelty of the work. The development of cooperation in rural areas is an important priority task of state policy of the Russian Federation in recent decades. However, at present, rural cooperatives are in a depressed state, which involves searching for and finding explanatory answers.

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14

Beutel, Rolf G. "Metathoracic Features of Omoglymmius hamatus and their Significance for Classification of Rhysodini (Coleoptera: Adephaga)." Entomologia Generalis 15, no. 3 (October 1, 1990): 185–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/entom.gen/15/1990/185.

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15

Kirillova, Elena Anatolyevna, Varvara Vladimirovna Bogdan, Igor B. Lagutin, and Evgeniy Dmitrievich Gorevoy. "Legal status of smart contracts: features, role, significance." JURÍDICAS CUC 15, no. 1 (October 11, 2019): 285–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.17981/juridcuc.15.1.2019.11.

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This article using critical analysis discusses the legal status of smart contracts, their features and characteristics, and the possibility of introducing this category into the legal field. The main goal of the study is to determine the legal status of smart contracts. The study concludes that a smart contract is a program code based on blockchain technology, which, by legal characteristics, is a legally significant message recorded in a language (artificial language) and sealed with an electronic digital signature of each of the parties (or certified with a special key). It is proved that the multilateral interactions implemented through smart contracts can reduce the costs of operations and control them, increase the speed of operations and reduce the risks associated with dishonest actions of the parties, minimize or completely exclude intermediaries from the transaction; therefore, legislation should provide for the possibility of using smart contracts along with existing contracts.

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16

Kostruba, N. S. "Psychological features and significance of mass religious communications." Science and Education a New Dimension VIII(239), no. 95 (November 25, 2020): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31174/send-pp2020-239viii95-05.

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17

Kim, Jang Jin, June Young Kim, Hoon Hur, Yong Kwan Cho, and Sang-Uk Han. "Clinicopathologic Significance of Gastric Adenocarcinoma with Neuroendocrine Features." Journal of Gastric Cancer 11, no. 4 (2011): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.5230/jgc.2011.11.4.195.

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18

McGuinness, G., D. P. Naidich, S. M. Garay, A. L. Davis, A. D. Boyd, and H. H. Mizrachi. "Accessory cardiac bronchus: CT features and clinical significance." Radiology 189, no. 2 (November 1993): 563–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiology.189.2.8210391.

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19

Witten, Daniela M., and Robert Tibshirani. "Testing significance of features by lassoed principal components." Annals of Applied Statistics 2, no. 3 (September 2008): 986–1012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-aoas182.

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20

Weiss, Lawrence M., L. Jeffrey Medeiros, and Austin L. Vickery. "Pathologic Features of Prognostic Significance in Adrenocortical Carcinoma." American Journal of Surgical Pathology 13, no. 3 (March 1989): 202–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000478-198903000-00004.

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21

Kenney, M. J., and D. R. Seals. "Postexercise hypotension. Key features, mechanisms, and clinical significance." Hypertension 22, no. 5 (November 1993): 653–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.hyp.22.5.653.

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22

Yanardag, H., C. Tetikkurt, M. Bilir, S. Demirci, A. Bakır, and M. Şenocak. "Clinical Features and Prognostic Significance of Endobronchial Sarcoidosis." British Journal of Medicine and Medical Research 9, no. 1 (January 10, 2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bjmmr/2015/18441.

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23

Yang, Jichen, Rohan Kumar Das, and Haizhou Li. "Significance of Subband Features for Synthetic Speech Detection." IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security 15 (2020): 2160–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tifs.2019.2956589.

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24

Ming, Li. "Vernacular: Its Features, Relativity, Functions and Social Significance." International Journal of Literature and Arts 8, no. 2 (2020): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijla.20200802.17.

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25

Saito, Takao, Shinichi Oikawa, Hiroshi Sato, Toshinobu Sato, Sadayoshi Ito, and Jun Sasaki. "Lipoprotein glomerulopathy: Significance of lipoprotein and ultrastructural features." Kidney International 56 (July 1999): S37—S41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.07110.x.

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26

Beschta, Robert L., and William S. Platts. "MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF SMALL STREAMS: SIGNIFICANCE AND FUNCTION." Journal of the American Water Resources Association 22, no. 3 (June 1986): 369–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1986.tb01891.x.

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27

Wang, Wei, Paul A. Watters, Xinyi Cao, Lingjie Shen, and Bo Li. "Significance of Phonological Features in Speech Emotion Recognition." International Journal of Speech Technology 23, no. 3 (July 15, 2020): 633–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10772-020-09734-7.

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28

Chan, Anita SY, Jodhbir S. Mehta, Issam Al Jajeh, Jabed Iqbal, Arundhati Anshu, and Donald TH Tan. "Histological features ofCytomegalovirus-related corneal graft infections, its associated features and clinical significance." British Journal of Ophthalmology 100, no. 5 (August 20, 2015): 601–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2015-307390.

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Han, Jianchao, and Mohsen Beheshti. "An Iterative Approach for Fuzzy Clustering Based on Feature Significance." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 11, no. 10 (December 20, 2007): 1204–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2007.p1204.

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Clustering is a technique to group a set of unsupervised data based on the conceptual clustering principle: maximizing the intraclass similarity and minimizing the interclass similarity. Existing clustering approaches concentrate in the different data types and assume that all features play the same role in algorithm validations. However, some features may be more significant than others in forming clusters. In this paper, we consider the feature significance and include it in the clustering algorithms. An iterative approach for fuzzy clustering based on the feature significance is presented and applied in the k-means algorithm for numerical data, the k-modes algorithm for categorical data, and the k-prototypes algorithm for mixed data.

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30

Davies, Eirian C. "The significance of theme." English Text Construction 10, no. 2 (October 10, 2017): 298–322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/etc.10.2.06dav.

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This paper explores the area of mismatches between the grammatical semantics of definite NPs and equivalent features actually operative in common ground in a given context of utterance. It does so with a view to examining the provision for accounting for their significance in terms of a Prague School approach and in terms of Systemic Functional Linguistics; and finds problems, of different kinds, with both these approaches. The rhetorical exploitation of such mismatching demonstrated by opening a text in medias res is discussed; and a third approach, that of “significance generation”, is proposed. This approach of significance generation, which has previously been applied with respect to the meaningfulness of different sentence types, is proposed here as offering a new perspective on a confusing area of different kinds of meaningfulness in the treatment of theme. It involves a “change of gear” between features of meaning associated with the forms of language (linguistic semantics) and features operative in a context of their use. It is based on the claim that a single variable, such as ‘± given’, may have a different value according to whether it is derived from “context as is”, or from the semantics of the linguistic expression used in that context. For example, the linguistic semantics may indicate ‘+ given’, where there is nothing in context to validate this, and so the value as derived from context would be ‘− given’. By allowing for features from these two different sources to clash, this approach provides for a significance outcome, seen as a category in pragmatics which is the product of their combination, to be different from both of them: that is, here, “clash” , as opposed to either ‘+ given’ or ‘− given’. In so doing, I suggest that it provides a framework in terms of which to account for ways in which such opposition may be exploited for rhetorical effect.

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31

Druy, Aleksandr, Lyudmila Papusha, Yekaterina Salnikova, Yuliya Olshanskaya, and Aleksey Maschan. "MOLECULAR-BIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF MEDULLOBLASTOMA AND THEIR PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE." Problems in oncology 63, no. 4 (April 1, 2017): 536–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.37469/0507-3758-2017-63-4-536-544.

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Medulloblastoma is more frequent central nervous system malignancy in childhood. It is characterized by wide range of clinical heterogeneity, response to therapy and outcome. Many authors demonstrated prognostic significance of clinical, morphological, cytogenetic and molecular-biological features of the tumor. Implementation of high-throughput molecular-genetic techniques allows the medulloblastoma patients discrimination into 4 independent subgroups with distinct source of histogenesis, molecular pathogenesis, clinical manifestation and outcome. This review is devoted to molecular-biological features of medulloblastoma, underlying its clinical heterogeneity and forming the basis for individualized risk adapted and targeted treatment.

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32

Chornobay, Larysa, and Iryna Mushenyk. "Essence, Significance and Features of the Infrastructure Agricultural Production." Modern Economics 15, no. 1 (June 25, 2019): 218–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31521/modecon.v15(2019)-31.

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33

Gordon, L. A. "Socioeconomic Human Rights: Content, Features, and Significance for Russia." Russian Politics & Law 36, no. 3 (May 1998): 30–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2753/rup1061-1940360330.

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34

Savige, Judy, Shivanand Sheth, Anita Leys, Anjali Nicholson, Heather G. Mack, and Deb Colville. "Ocular Features in Alport Syndrome: Pathogenesis and Clinical Significance." Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology 10, no. 4 (February 3, 2015): 703–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2215/cjn.10581014.

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35

Dewang, Purushottam, Shao-Zheng Peng, Nai-Mu Hsu, and Wen-Ren Li. "Protein Phosphatase: Structural Features, Physiological Significance and Synthetic Inhibitors." Current Organic Chemistry 8, no. 11 (July 1, 2004): 947–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1385272043370276.

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36

ARAKAWA, KEIICHI, KEISUKE HATA, HIROAKI NOZAWA, KAZUSHIGE KAWAI, TOSHIAKI TANAKA, TAKESHI NISHIKAWA, KAZUHITO SASAKI, et al. "Prognostic Significance and Clinicopathological Features of Synchronous Colorectal Cancer." Anticancer Research 38, no. 10 (October 2018): 5889–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21873/anticanres.12932.

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37

Ghahremaninejad, Farrokh, Zohreh Khalili, Ali Asghar Maassoumi, Hossein Mirzaie-Nodoushan, and Mehrshid Riahi. "Leaf epidermal features ofSalixspecies (Salicaceae) and their systematic significance." American Journal of Botany 99, no. 4 (April 2012): 769–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3732/ajb.1100019.

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38

Barwick, Rachel S., Hussni O. Mohammed, Patrick L. McDonough, and Maurice E. White. "Epidemiologic features of equine Leptospira interrogans of human significance." Preventive Veterinary Medicine 36, no. 2 (August 1998): 153–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-5877(98)00069-5.

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39

Keeney, Brian A., Charles W. Danforth, John T. Stocke, Kevin France, and James C. Green. "On the Significance of Absorption Features inHST/COS Data1." Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 124, no. 918 (August 2012): 830–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/667392.

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40

Ahluwalia, Karvita B., and Nidhi Sharma. "Ultrastructural features of prognostic significance in human oral cancer." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 1 (August 1992): 618–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100123490.

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It is common knowledge that apparently similar tumors often show different responses to therapy. This experience has generated the idea that histologically similar tumors could have biologically distinct behaviour. The development of effective therapy therefore, has the explicit challenge of understanding biological behaviour of a tumor. The question is which parameters in a tumor could relate to its biological behaviour ? It is now recognised that the development of malignancy requires an alteration in the program of terminal differentiation in addition to aberrant growth control. In this study therefore, ultrastructural markers that relate to defective terminal differentiation and possibly invasive potential of cells have been identified in human oral leukoplakias, erythroleukoplakias and squamous cell carcinomas of the tongue.

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41

Chui, Michael Herman, Rita A. Kandel, Marcus Wong, Anthony M. Griffin, Robert S. Bell, Martin E. Blackstein, Jay S. Wunder, and Brendan C. Dickson. "Histopathologic Features of Prognostic Significance in High-Grade Osteosarcoma." Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 140, no. 11 (August 23, 2016): 1231–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2015-0389-oa.

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Context.— In osteosarcoma treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy the extent of tumor necrosis on resection is considered an indicator of treatment response, and this has been shown to correlate with survival in most but not all studies. Objective.— To identify additional histologic variables of prognostic significance in high-grade osteosarcoma. Design.— Slides of pretreatment biopsy and primary postneoadjuvant chemotherapy resections from 165 patients with high-grade osteosarcoma were reviewed. Univariate (Kaplan-Meier) and multivariate (Cox regression) analyses were performed to identify clinical and histomorphologic attributes associated with overall survival. Results.— Univariate analyses confirmed the prognostic significance of metastatic status on presentation, primary tumor size, anatomic site, and histologic subtype. Additionally, the identification of lymphovascular invasion, 10% or more residual viable tumor, and 10 or more mitoses per 10 high-powered fields assessed in posttreatment resections were associated with poor survival, retaining significance in multivariate analyses. Based on results from multivariate analysis, we developed a prognostic index incorporating primary tumor size and site, and significant histologic features assessed on resection (ie, lymphovascular invasion status, mitotic rate, and extent of viable tumor). This scoring system segregates patients into 3 risk categories with significant differences in overall survival and retained significance in an independent validation set of 42 cases. Conclusions.— The integration of clinical and microscopic features improves prognostication of patients with osteosarcoma.

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Radojkovic, Danijela, Slobodan Antic, Milica Pesic, Milan Radojkovic, Dijana Basic, Tatjana Radjenovic-Petkovic, Sasa Radenkovic, and Ivan Ilic. "Significance of hyperprolactinemia for cytomorphologic features of breast secretions." Vojnosanitetski pregled 67, no. 1 (2010): 42–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp1001042r.

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Background/Aim. Nipple discharge syndrome is a clinical entity capable of presenting various disorders such is mammary infection (nonpuerperal and puerperal mastitis), intraductal papillomas, fibrodenoma, breast cancer and hyperprolactinemia syndrome. The aim of the study was to determine differencies in cytological features of mammary secretion in patients with hyperprolactinemia and those with normal serum prolactin levels and to define the role of growth hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone in creating cellular profile of breast secretion. Methods. The study included 50 patients with nipple discharge syndrome. The patients were devided into the clinical group (27 patients with hyperprolactinemia and nipple discharge) and the control group I (23 patients with normal serum prolactin and nipple discharge). The control group II included the patients of the clinical group achiving normalised serum prolactin levels after the treatment of hyperprolactinemia. Serum prolactin, follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone levels were assessed by RIA using commercial kits IRMA hPRL, hLH and hFSH, (INEP, Zemun, Serbia) while serum growth hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels were assessed by RIA using commercial kits LKB-wallac. Cytologic evaluation of samples, taken from all the patients with mammary secretion, was done using standard techniques of staining Haemathoxilin-eozine and May- Gr?nwald/Giemsa. Results. Our results showed a significantly higher presence of lipid and protein material in clinical group, in comparison with the control group I (p < 0.01). Also, our data demonstrated significantly higher number of ductal epithelial cells (p < 0.05) and ductal histiocities (p < 0.001) in the clinical group, compared with the control group I. Macrophagies frequency was proportionally higher in clinical group (44.44%) compared the control group I (17.39%). Erythrocites were significantly lower in the clinical group (p < 0.001) than in the control group I. Significantly decreased mammary secretion (p < 0.01), lower lipid (p < 0.01) and protein synthesis (p < 0.01), and less presence of all cellular categories (p < 0.01) were obtained after normalization of serum prolactin levels. Conclusion. Growth hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone did not show significant influence on creating cytological features of mammary secretion. The most expressive role, hyperprolactinemia demonstrated in the domain of mammary ductal secretory activity, making mammary secretion reach in lipid and protein material and simultaneously increasing number of ductal epithelial cells, ductal histiocytes and 'foam cells'- macrophages. These cytological findings indicate that hyperprolactinemia promote periductal and intraductal steril inflammation which withdraws after serum prolactin normalization.

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Wang, Mo-Jin, Jie Ping, Yuan Li, Annica Holmqvist, Gunnar Adell, Gunnar Arbman, Hong Zhang, Zong-Guang Zhou, and Xiao-Feng Sun. "Prognostic Significance and Molecular Features of Colorectal Mucinous Adenocarcinomas." Medicine 94, no. 51 (December 2015): e2350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000002350.

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Ghahremani, G. G., A. R. Crampton, J. R. Bernstein, and J. A. Caprini. "Iatrogenic biliary tract complications: radiologic features and clinical significance." RadioGraphics 11, no. 3 (May 1991): 441–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiographics.11.3.1852936.

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Christensen, J. J., O. Gadeberg, and B. Bruun. "BRANHAMELLA CATARRHALIS: SIGNIFICANCE IN PULMONARY INFECTIONS AND BACTERIOLOGICAL FEATURES." Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica Series B: Microbiology 94B, no. 1-6 (August 15, 2009): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1699-0463.1986.tb03025.x.

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Cottin, V. "Significance of connective tissue diseases features in pulmonary fibrosis." European Respiratory Review 22, no. 129 (August 30, 2013): 273–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/09059180.00003013.

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Deng, Min, Andrew Hipp, Yi-Gang Song, Qian-Sheng Li, Allen Coombes, and Alexa Cotton. "Leaf epidermal features ofQuercussubgenusCyclobalanopsis(Fagaceae) and their systematic significance." Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 176, no. 2 (September 29, 2014): 224–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/boj.12207.

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Wheeler, Steve D. "Significance of Migrainous Features in Cluster Headache: Divalproex Responsiveness." Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain 38, no. 7 (July 1998): 547–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-4610.1998.3807547.x.

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Fan, Jie, Runli He, Yinbo Zhang, and Xiaohua Jin. "Systematic Significance of Leaf Epidermal Features in Holcoglossum (Orchidaceae)." PLoS ONE 9, no. 7 (July 1, 2014): e101557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0101557.

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Sebastiani, Laura, Eleonora Castellani, and Luigi D'Alessandro. "Emotion processing without awareness: Features detection or significance evaluation?" International Journal of Psychophysiology 80, no. 2 (May 2011): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2011.02.019.

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