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Schuy, Lars. "Speech features and their significance in speaker recognition." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.288845.
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This thesis addresses the significance of speech features within the task of speaker recognition. Motivated by the perception of simple attributes like `loud', `smooth', `fast', more than 70 new speech features are developed. A set of basic speech features like pitch, loudness and speech speed are combined together with these new features in a feature set, one set per utterance. A neural network classifier is used to evaluate the significance of these features by creating a speaker recognition system and analysing the behaviour of successfully trained single-speaker networks. An in-depth analysis of network weights allows a rating of significance and feature contribution. A subjective listening experiment validates and confirms the results of the neural network analysis. The work starts with an extended sentence analysis; ten sentences are uttered by 630 speakers. The extraction of 100 speech features is outlined and a 100-element feature vector for each utterance is derived. Some features themselves and the methods of analysing them have been used elsewhere, for example pitch, sound pressure level, spectral envelope, loudness, speech speed and glottal-to-noise excitation. However, more than 70 of the 100 features are derivatives of these basic features and have not yet been described and used before in the speakerr ecognition research,e speciallyyn ot within a rating of feature significance. These derivatives include histogram, 3`d and 4 moments, function approximation, as well as other statistical analyses applied to the basic features. The first approach assessing the significance of features and their possible use in a recognition system is based on a probability analysis. The analysis is established on the assumption that within the speaker's ten utterances' single feature values have a small deviation and cluster around the mean value of one speaker. The presented features indeed cluster into groups and show significant differences between speakers, thus enabling a clear separation of voices when applied to a small database of < 20 speakers. The recognition and assessment of individual feature contribution jecomes impossible, when the database is extended to 200 speakers. To ensure continous vplidation of feature contribution it is necessary to consider a different type of classifier. These limitations are overcome with the introduction of neural network classifiers. A separate network is assigned to each speaker, resulting in the creation of 630 networks. All networks are of standard feed-forward backpropagation type and have a 100-input, 20- hidden-nodes, one-output architecture. The 6300 available feature vectors are split into a training, validation and test set in the ratio of 5-3-2. The networks are initially trained with the same 100-feature input database. Successful training was achieved within 30 to 100 epochs per network. The speaker related to the network with the highest output is declared as the speaker represented by the input. The achieved recognition rate for 630 speakers is -49%. A subsequent preclusion of features with minor significance raises the recognition rate to 57%. The analysis of the network weight behaviour reveals two major pointsA definite ranking order of significance exists between the 100 features. Many of the newly introduced derivatives of pitch, brightness, spectral voice patterns and speech speed contribute intensely to recognition, whereas feature groups related to glottal-to-noiseexcitation ratio and sound pressure level play a less important role. The significance of features is rated by the training, testing and validation behaviour of the networks under data sets with reduced information content, the post-trained weight distribution and the standard deviation of weight distribution within networks. The findings match with results of a subjective listening experiment. As a second major result the analysis shows that there are large differences between speakers and the significance of features, i. e. not all speakers use the same feature set to the same extent. The speaker-related networks exhibit key features, where they are uniquely identifiable and these key features vary from speaker to speaker. Some features like pitch are used by all networks; other features like sound pressure level and glottal-to-noise excitation ratio are used by only a few distinct classifiers. Again, the findings correspond with results of a subjective listening experiment. This thesis presents more than 70 new features which never have been used before in speaker recognition. A quantitative ranking order of 100 speech features is introduced. Such a ranking order has not been documented elsewhere and is comparatively new to the area of speaker recognition. This ranking order is further extended and describes the amount to which a classifier uses or omits single features, solely depending on the characteristics of the voice sample. Such a separation has not yet been documented and is a novel contribution. The close correspondence of the subjective listening experiment and the findings of the network classifiers show that it is plausible to model the behaviour of human speech recognition with an artificial neural network. Again such a validation is original in the area of speaker recognition
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Brown, Sandra Lois School of Design UNSW. "Significance, the vessel and the domestic." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Design, 2004. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/20761.
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Throughout history, people have made or acquired vessels from which to sip their favourite beverage. In the contemporary domestic setting, households frequently accumulate multiples of the same type of object in numbers that are considerably greater than is necessary and practical for use alone. Of these many objects there are often individual pieces that have special significance for the owner or user. Some are so valued that they may even be removed and set aside because of their perceived importance. The research was initiated by a previous study of tea drinking vessels coupled with a desire, as an object maker and collector, to find out why people have special items that they designate as personally important. The aim was to identify how significance could be recognised in specific objects and whether the notion that a group of features used to gauge such objects could be conveyed into studio based work. The research outcomes are evidenced in a text-based document (which articulates the theoretical and empirical elements of the enquiry) and a body of creative studio work developed in response to aspects of the investigation. The document encompasses two components of the study. The first references material from the fields of museum and cultural studies, pivotal in focusing the enquiry. This contributed to the compilation of a general and speculative inventory of qualities that might pertain to objects deemed ???significant???. During these early investigations it became evident that a more in depth and contemporary analysis of significant drinking vessels, their owners and/or users was required. A Survey Questionnaire regarding personal use and special drinking vessels preceded a series of Interviews with a selected group of Australia curators, artists, academics and collectors who discussed and analysed their association with a personally significant drinking vessel. Subsequently, the content of these interviews became central to the focus of the research and outcomes. The research isolates a number of attributes that are commonly identified in objects that, whatever their condition, are deemed ???significant???. These describe the maker, usage, ownership, association and historical context. The perceived value or worth of the object for its owner, is recognised as a consequence of significance and declares the object as distinctive. This outcome is clearly validated by the interviews. The studio work develops from the fusion of personal narrative that has been enhanced by findings of the research. In particular, it references the cherished object, most especially those pieces that have been retained despite the ravages of time and use. The resulting work was exhibited as Trace Elements ??? Marking Time: Significance, the Vessel and the Domestic at Kudos Gallery, Paddington in April 2004.
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Gerakis, J. G. (Jeffrey George). "Aerodynamic measurements on some special wing features of nocturnal owls and their acoustic significance." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63333.
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Chan, Yuen Ling (Tracey). "The biological features and clinical significance of natural killer cell reconstitution following allogenic stem cell transplantation." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2018. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/8714/.
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Natural killer (NK) cells reconstitute rapidly following allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) at a time when alloreactive T cell immunity is being established. Important differences are seen in the patterns of reconstitution between T cell deplete, T cell replete and umbilical cord stem cell transplants. 82 patients who received T cell-deplete allo-SCT were studied to determine the functional and transcriptional profile of the reconstituting NK cells and to assess the relationship with clinical outcome. NK cells at day 14 (D14-NK) were donor-derived, intensely proliferating and expressed chemokine receptors targeted to lymphoid and peripheral tissue. Spontaneous production of the immunoregulatory cytokine IL-10 was observed in over 70% of cells and transcription of cytokines and growth factors was augmented. D14-NK cell number was inversely correlated with the incidence of grade II-IV acute graft versus host disease (GVHD). These findings reveal that robust reconstitution of immunoregulatory NK cells by day 14 after allo-SCT is an important determinant of clinical outcome and suggest NK cells may suppress development of the T cell-mediated alloreactive immune response through production of IL-10.
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Styles, Adam James. "The nature and significance of Late-Orogenic extensional structures in the Varsican Orogen of SW England and comparison to equivalent features from the Italian Apennines." Thesis, Durham University, 1997. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/981/.
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Whissell, John. "Significant Feature Clustering." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/2926.
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In this thesis, we present a new clustering algorithm we call <em>Significance Feature Clustering</em>, which is designed to cluster text documents. Its central premise is the mapping of raw frequency count vectors to discrete-valued significance vectors which contain values of -1, 0, or 1. These values represent whether a word is <em>significantly negative</em>, <em>neutral</em>, or <em>significantly positive</em>, respectively. Initially, standard tf-idf vectors are computed from raw frequency vectors, then these tf-idf vectors are transformed to significance vectors using a parameter alpha, where alpha controls the mapping -1, 0, or 1 for each vector entry. SFC clusters agglomeratively, with each document's significance vector representing a cluster of size one containing just the document, and iteratively merges the two clusters that exhibit the most similar average using cosine similarity. We show that by using a good alpha value, the significance vectors produced by SFC provide an accurate indication of which words are significant to which documents, as well as the type of significance, and therefore correspondingly yield a good clustering in terms of a well-known definition of clustering quality. We further demonstrate that a user need not manually select an alpha as we develop a new definition of clustering quality that is highly correlated with text clustering quality. Our metric extends the family of metrics known as <em>internal similarity</em>, so that it can be applied to a tree of clusters rather than a set, but it also factors in an aspect of recall that was absent from previous internal similarity metrics. Using this new definition of internal similarity, which we call <em>maximum tree internal similarity</em>, we show that a close to optimal text clustering may be picked from any number of clusterings created by different alpha's. The automatically selected clusterings have qualities that are close to that of a well-known and powerful hierarchical clustering algorithm.
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Perkins, David Neil. "Computer methods for identifying significant features in protein sequences." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1994. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6772/.
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The research described in this thesis can be easily and conveniently separated under two broad headings. the definition of discriminating motif sets for protein families and software development In this instance the phrase motif set refers to a combination of features in the amino acid sequences of a family of proteins that is diagnostic of family membership and therefore has predictive value in identifying new family members. Under the first heading. a number of sets of motifs are described in detail while a number of others are included as an appendix in a format compatible with the PRINTS motif database. All these studies involved the multiple alignment of protein sequences extracted from the database and the use of database scanning techniques. From these motif sets it has been possible to identify new members of protein families and they may also supply valuable information for the exploration of the possible function and structure of the protein families. A number of sequence analysis software packages are also described. They include both novel software and also the reworking of old algorithms with additions to make them more efficient. more useful for modem requirements and to fix existing problems. In the former category. new sequence alignment programs have been developed which integrate structural information (if any is available) with sequence and physicochemical properties. A number of programs are also discussed that allow the display and manipulation of a variety of sequence parameters. such as hydropathy and positional variability. which are very useful tools for motif definition. All these programs are written in C and the majority make use of the XlMotif programming libraries. where appropriate and are available on a variety of different hardware platforms. The ADSP system has also been rewritten to make it more efficient and it has been ported to the UNIX operating system to make it more accessible to a larger number of users.
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Chang, Raphael M. Eng Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Significance of omnidirectional fisheye cameras for feature-based visual SLAM." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/129885.
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Thesis: M. Eng., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, February, 2020<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 117-124).<br>Robust GPS-denied navigation of mobile robots is becoming increasingly important as robots become more ubiquitous. Cameras are powerful sensors for this application due to their low cost and high information density. The task of using camera-based computer vision techniques for navigation is typically referred to as visual simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM), where a robot both estimates its pose and reconstructs its environment simultaneously using only cameras. Most existing work for visual SLAM relies on the use of the pinhole camera model, which requires that images from wider angle, more distorted lenses be rectified before they are usable. This limits the field of view well below 180 degrees. However, cameras with omnidirectional fisheye lenses can see much more of their surroundings, which suggests they may be beneficial for the visual SLAM task; this hypothesis is supported by the trend that recent commercial products that rely on robust visual navigation use fisheye cameras. In this thesis, we explore the apparent discrepancy between the types of cameras traditionally used for navigation tasks in the research community and in industry where robustness is critical. We propose that the scarcity of work using omnidirectional cameras is due to an ill-formed belief that adapting fisheye lenses into traditional computer vision algorithms is infeasible or not worth the effort required to redesign those algorithms. To show this, a benchmarking suite for stereo visual SLAM was developed using traditional feature-based visual odometry algorithms. The building block components of visual SLAM, including feature correspondence, odometry, and reconstruction, were evaluated for both fisheye and perspective cameras. The results show that not only do omnidirectional fisheye cameras easily plug into existing algorithms with minimal modification, they also result in better performance for navigation tasks than perspective cameras with limited field of view.<br>by Raphael Chang.<br>M. Eng.<br>M.Eng. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
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Chen, Li. "Searching for significant feature interaction from biological data." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2007.
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Sreevalson, Nair Jaya. "Modular processing of two-dimensional significance map for efficient feature extraction." Thesis, Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2002. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-07012002-111746.
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Treter, Christine W. "The significance of selected compositions by Ralph Vaughan Williams which feature the viola." Virtual Press, 1993. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/861379.
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The main body of this document includes discussion of the background, analysis, and significance of eight compositions by Ralph Vaughan Williams which feature the viola. These works were selected from those which give the viola unusual prominence. Solo works include Flos Campi, Suite for viola and small orchestra, and Romance for viola and piano. Two transcriptions for viola and piano, Six Studies in English Folk Song and Fantasia on Greensleeves, are also discussed. The remaining works are Four Hymns for tenor, string orchestra or piano, and viola obbligato, the String Quartet in A Minor in which the viola leads, and the Phantasy Ouintet which uses two violas and evolves from a viola melody.Chapters two through eight discuss each work. Chapters two through four cover Flos Campi, the Suite, and the quartet. Chapter two includes additional sections about problems resulting from the extra-musical associations in Flos Campi and various theories as to how they are reflected in the music. The next three chapters discuss Romance, Four Hymns, and the quintet. Chapter eight discusses the transcriptions.Musical analyses were completed for each composition by the author. Theirdepth was determined by the overall importance of each work. The most detailed analyses are for Flos Campi, the Suite,and the quartet; the briefest are for the transcriptions.A section discussing pedagogical significance follows the discussion of each composition. This includes information regarding the difficulty of each work and its value as teaching material.The introductory chapter addresses Vaughan Williams' love for the viola, his partiality to it in compositions, and the problem of limited research in light of the seeming significance of this music.The conclusion reviews the significance of each composition. Flos Campi was found to be the most significant historically and musically; the Suite has the most pedagogical value. A need to study a variety of these works was discovered due to their diversity of style and value. The conclusion is followed by an appendix of the author's performance suggestions for selected passages from each composition.<br>School of Music
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Erande, Abhijit. "Automatic detection of significant features and event timeline construction from temporally tagged data." Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/1675.
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Master of Science<br>Department of Computing and Information Sciences<br>William H. Hsu<br>The goal of my project is to summarize large volumes of data and help users to visualize how events have unfolded over time. I address the problem of extracting overview terms from a time-tagged corpus of data and discuss some previous work conducted in this area. I use a statistical approach to automatically extract key terms, form groupings of related terms, and display the resultant groups on a timeline. I use a static corpus composed of news stories, as opposed to an on-line setting where continual additions to the corpus are being made. Terms are extracted using a Named Entity Recognizer, and importance of a term is determined using the [superscript]X[superscript]2 measure. My approach does not address the problem of associating time and date stamps with data, and is restricted to corpora that been explicitly tagged. The quality of results obtained is gauged subjectively and objectively by measuring the degree to which events known to exist in the corpus were identified by the system.
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Pearson, John. "Indians, ungulates, and unconventional oil : the protection of culturally significant environmental features through multi-jurisdictional human rights law." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2013. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/62137/.
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The thesis considers the expansive interpretation of established human rights law from the provincial, domestic, regional and international legal spheres to protect environmental features crucial to the continued existence of indigenous cultures. This is achieved through the use of the issues surrounding the extraction of the 'tar sands' of Alberta, Canada and the indigenous populace of the province.
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Romeiro, Ricardo Augusto Guimarães. "Aprendizagem baseada em projetos na aplicação de gráficos de funções com apoio de recursos computacionais no Ensino Médio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/97/97138/tde-29032017-095836/.
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A Aprendizagem Baseada em Projeto (ABP) é uma abordagem ativa e sistêmica, onde as aulas são centradas no aluno e o permite trabalhar individual ou em grupo aplicando esse método na resolução de problemas. Este projeto tem como objetivo a tentativa de uma melhoria da qualidade do ensino a partir da construção de funções utilizando os recursos computacionais alternativos como suporte para uma aprendizagem significativa, partindo do pressuposto de inserir softwares na educação, com auxílio do simulador PHET e o do software educacional WINPLOT. O simulador será utilizado para criar a motivação necessária para inserir o conteúdo e contribuir para que o educando entenda melhor a presença da matemática em outras disciplinas como Física e Biologia, o software WINPLOT será utilizado para construção e conferências de gráficos e o simulador PHET será utilizado para relacionar o conteúdo com situações do cotidiano. Este projeto será aplicado nos alunos do 3º ano do ensino médio, em uma instituição privada de ensino básico na cidade de Lorena- SP. Este trabalho será dividido em sete etapas, sendo que estas etapas serão feitas em sequência e, para a montagem de cada atividade, serão analisados os resultados apresentados na atividade anteriores.<br>The Project Based Learning (PBL) is an active and systematic approach, where classes are student-centered and allows you to work individually and in groups by applying this method to solve problems. This project aims to attempt to improve the quality of education through the construction of functions using alternative computing resources as support for meaningful learning, assuming insert software in education, with the help of PHET simulator and software educational WINPLOT. The simulator will be used to create the necessary motivation to enter content and contribute to the student better understand the presence of mathematics in other disciplines such as physics and biology, the WINPLOT software will be used to build and graphics conferences and PHET simulator will be used to relate the content with everyday situations. This project will be applied to students of the 3rd year of high school, in a private institution of elementary education in the city of Lorena- SP. This work will be divided in seven stages, and these steps will be done in sequence and, for the assembly of each activity, the results presented in the previous activity will be analyzed.
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Zavalina, Viktoriia. "Identifikace objektů v obraze." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-220364.
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Master´s thesis deals with methods of objects detection in the image. It contains theoretical, practical and experimental parts. Theoretical part describes image representation, the preprocessing image methods, and methods of detection and identification of objects. The practical part contains a description of the created programs and algorithms which were used in the programs. Application was created in MATLAB. The application offers intuitive graphical user interface and three different methods for the detection and identification of objects in an image. The experimental part contains a test results for an implemented program.
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Dušek, Stanislav. "Určení parametrů pohybu ze snímků kamery." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-217782.
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This thesis describe about determination of camera motion parameters in plane. At first there are introduce the basics of motion tracking, is focused to find out displacement between two input images. Below is describe the algorithm GoodFeatruresToTrack, which find out the most significant point in a first image. The point is search out the good point, which will be easy to track in next image, reduce the data volume and prepare the input information (array of significant point) for the algorithm Lucas-Kanade optical flow. In second part is deal with processing and utilization estimations optical flow. There is median filtration, below is describe computation of homogenous transformation, which describe all affine transformation in affine space. As the result are coordinates, which describe the shift between the two input images as X-axis and Y-axis value. The project used the library Open Computer Vision.
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Ghadie, Mohamed A. "Analysis and Reconstruction of the Hematopoietic Stem Cell Differentiation Tree: A Linear Programming Approach for Gene Selection." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/32048.
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Stem cells differentiate through an organized hierarchy of intermediate cell types to terminally differentiated cell types. This process is largely guided by master transcriptional regulators, but it also depends on the expression of many other types of genes. The discrete cell types in the differentiation hierarchy are often identified based on the expression or non-expression of certain marker genes. Historically, these have often been various cell-surface proteins, which are fairly easy to assay biochemically but are not necessarily causative of the cell type, in the sense of being master transcriptional regulators. This raises important questions about how gene expression across the whole genome controls or reflects cell state, and in particular, differentiation hierarchies. Traditional approaches to understanding gene expression patterns across multiple conditions, such as principal components analysis or K-means clustering, can group cell types based on gene expression, but they do so without knowledge of the differentiation hierarchy. Hierarchical clustering and maximization of parsimony can organize the cell types into a tree, but in general this tree is different from the differentiation hierarchy. Using hematopoietic differentiation as an example, we demonstrate how many genes other than marker genes are able to discriminate between different branches of the differentiation tree by proposing two models for detecting genes that are up-regulated or down-regulated in distinct lineages. We then propose a novel approach to solving the following problem: Given the differentiation hierarchy and gene expression data at each node, construct a weighted Euclidean distance metric such that the minimum spanning tree with respect to that metric is precisely the given differentiation hierarchy. We provide a set of linear constraints that are provably sufficient for the desired construction and a linear programming framework to identify sparse sets of weights, effectively identifying genes that are most relevant for discriminating different parts of the tree. We apply our method to microarray gene expression data describing 38 cell types in the hematopoiesis hierarchy, constructing a sparse weighted Euclidean metric that uses just 175 genes. These 175 genes are different than the marker genes that were used to identify the 38 cell types, hence offering a novel alternative way of discriminating different branches of the tree. A DAVID functional annotation analysis shows that the 175 genes reflect major processes and pathways active in different parts of the tree. However, we find that there are many alternative sets of weights that satisfy the linear constraints. Thus, in the style of random-forest training, we also construct metrics based on random subsets of the genes and compare them to the metric of 175 genes. Our results show that the 175 genes frequently appear in the random metrics, implicating their significance from an empirical point of view as well. Finally, we show how our linear programming method is able to identify columns that were selected to build minimum spanning trees on the nodes of random variable-size matrices.
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Drochytka, Jan. "Vliv specifické lokality na cenu rezidenčního objektu na Brněnsku." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-413826.
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Mcgowan, Eileen Marie. "Significance of Water-Related Features on Mars." 2010. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations/208.
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The debate on whether water exists on Mars has been resolved by recent data from the Mars Phoenix Polar Lander. The lander found water ice just below the surface in the high northern latitudes of Mars. The questions to be answered now are: how much water was present in the past, how much water is currently present, what was the state the water in the past, and what is the current state of water on Mars. The morphology and spatial relationships are examined between three different landforms (pitted cones, giant polygons, and putative shorelines) considered to be the result of water-related processes. At two locations, Utopia Planitia and Cydonia Mensae, these three features exhibit the same topographic relationship. Non-water-related features adjacent to or nearby the landforms, such as the Dichotomy Boundary, multi- ringed basins, and locations of recent methane release, are examined for possible relationships to the formation of these 3 landforms. My results support previous work that indicates a large water body existed in the northern lowlands of Mars at some time in the past. In addition large amounts of sediment must have been shed from the highlands to the lowlands during this period to support the mud volcanism and giant polygon formation. Evidence also exists that mud volcanism was a common phenomenon during, and possibly after, the existence of the water body.
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Mcgowan, Eileen M. "Significance of water -related features on Mars." 2010. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3409820.
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The debate on whether water exists on Mars has been resolved by recent data from the Mars Phoenix Polar Lander. The lander found water ice just below the surface in the high northern latitudes of Mars. The questions to be answered now are: how much water was present in the past, how much water is currently present, what was the state the water in the past, and what is the current state of water on Mars. The morphology and spatial relationships are examined between three different landforms (pitted cones, giant polygons, and putative shorelines) considered to be the result of water-related processes. At two locations, Utopia Planitia and Cydonia Mensae, these three features exhibit the same topographic relationship. Non-water-related features adjacent to or nearby the landforms, such as the Dichotomy Boundary, multi-ringed basins, and locations of recent methane release, are examined for possible relationships to the formation of these 3 landforms. My results support previous work that indicates a large water body existed in the northern lowlands of Mars at some time in the past. In addition large amounts of sediment must have been shed from the highlands to the lowlands during this period to support the mud volcanism and giant polygon formation. Evidence also exists that mud volcanism was a common phenomenon during, and possibly after, the existence of the water body.
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Idika, Odum. "A preliminary investigation into the ecological significance of headwater drainage features in Southern Ontario." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/5236.
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Within Southern Ontario urban development is rapidly devouring headwater systems, and this can have significant repercussions to the health of entire river networks. The ecological contributions of headwaters to downstream aquatic systems are poorly understood. The relationships between exported organic material (invertebrates, organic detritus) and land use were examined from 16 headwater systems (13 ephemeral channels, 3 intermittent channels) located in and around the Toronto Region. Drift traps, precipitation and crest stage gauges were installed at each location to capture exported materials, measure rainfall and estimate peak flow, respectively. Samples were collected during runoff events, snow melt or precipitation from March through November 2008. The amount of snow melt or precipitation necessary to trigger surface runoff was found to be highly dependent on land use and antecedent conditions.
Invertebrates of aquatic and terrestrial origin were collected, with aquatic animals comprising 43% and 87% of the total from ephemeral and intermittent headwaters, respectively. The mean export of organic materials was 963 invertebrates per event (0.65 g) and 32.0 g of plant matter per event. The amount of materials transported was highly variable among samples (1 – 13,751 invertebrates per event).
Within ephemeral channels, Annelida, Insecta and Chironomidae were the most numerous aquatic taxa (representing 40%, 24% and 23% of the total number of invertebrates transported per event, respectively), while Mollusca, Arachnida and Insecta were the most numerous terrestrial taxa (representing 35%, 21% and 16% of the total number of invertebrates transported per event, respectively). Earthworms contributed 64% of the total invertebrate volume collected per event.
Chironomidae, Crustacea and Trichoptera were the most numerous aquatic taxa collected from intermittent channels (representing 55%, 27% and 8% of the total number of invertebrates transported per event, respectively), whereas Arachnida, Insecta, and Collembola were the most numerous terrestrial taxa (representing 52%, 19% and 13% of the total number of invertebrates transported per event, respectively). Trichoptera accounted for 59% of the total aquatic invertebrate volume collected per event.
Preliminary results suggest that the ecological contributions of headwaters to downstream systems are considerable and their importance should not be overlooked.
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Shie, Ya-Shing, and 謝雅欣. "The Features and Significance of Taiwanese Street Dancers' Clothing Styles : A Multiple Case Study." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81379789411687515370.
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碩士<br>國立嘉義大學<br>視覺藝術研究所<br>95<br>Street dance has become a popular Taiwanese youth culture in recent years, representing a diversified vusul code. Derived from the subculture of African Americans, street dance was created by African Americans and transferred to and localized in Taiwan, resulting in a brand new form. Taiwanese street dancers’ common clothing models have become one of the visual codes that characterize contemporary Taiwanese visual culture. However, relatively little research attention seems to have been devoted to the feature and significance of street dance clothing in Taiwan. Thus, this study aims to recognize features of Taiwanese street dancers’ clothing styles and understand the significance of Taiwanese street dancers’ clothing style revealed in individual cases. The research methods include those of semiotics and multiple case study. The data are drawn via on-site observation, photos and pictures gathering, and in-depth interviewing. The data on street dancer clothing styles and multiple case styles are analyzed in light of paradigm. The findings are: (1) loose garments are no longer the only choice, and fashionable pluralistic styles have become the current trend; (2) female dancers’ clothing styles are more pluralistic than male, but the styles of both are mainly for catching attention; (3) through some media the dancers look for clothing reference materials, whether creative or reproductive; and (4) the significance of the dancers’ clothing styles is constructed according to their own understanding of street dance clothing styles. By reproducing elements of American hip-hop clothing, and blending into their own clothing the code of fashion, Taiwanese street dancers have created the features and significance of their own clothing styles in accordance with their own personality and experience.
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Hong-Fang, Song, and 宋宏方. "The Significance of Prostaglandin E Receptors in the Pathogenesis of Renal Cell Carcinoma with Rhabdoid Features." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ypn3n3.
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碩士<br>國立成功大學<br>分子醫學研究所<br>104<br>Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) arises from proximal convoluted tubules and is the most common type of kidney cancer. The common histologic subtypes include clear cell RCC (ccRCC, 70-75%), papillary RCC (16%), chromophobe RCC (7%), translocation carcinoma (1%), collecting duct carcinoma (〈0.5%), and renal medullary carcinoma (〈0.5%). Malignant rhabdoid tumor is a rare and aggressive malignant tumor that mostly occurs in the kidney and brain of infants and young children. The important pathogenic mechanism of this entity is truncating mutation of a tumor suppressor gene- Integrase interactor 1 (INI1/hSNF5) gene. The INI1, core member of BAF (hSWI/SNF) complex, is an ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complex and plays an essential role in multiple nuclear processes, such as transcription, DNA replication and repair and negative regulator of cell cycle. In addition, the SWI/SNF remodeling complex also involves in cell proliferation, differentiation, antiviral activity, and inhibition of tumor formation. RCC with rhabdoid features (RCC-RF) occur in around 3% to 7% of RCC and is associated with a poor prognosis. However, its pathogenesis remains elusive. Analysis of paired tumor and non-neoplastic kidney specimens (n = 5) revealed down-regulation of INI1 at both transcriptional and translational levels. A total of 8 cases (age ranged from 48 to 79) were retrieved from archive and analyzed for INI1 immunohistochemistry and clinical outcome. Loss of nuclear INI1 expression was demonstrated in the rhabdoid cells in all 8 cases compared with adjacent ccRCC. The interval between diagnosis and metastasis ranged from 3 to 43 months. Four of them died of cancer and one patient is alive with progressive disease despite of treatment with targeted therapies. To identify molecular pathogenesis of RCC-RF, an INI1 stable knock-down cell line was established from ACHN ccRCC. Suppression of INI1 was significantly associated with rhabdoid changes, enhanced cell proliferation, up-regulated EGFR, and VEGF expression/secretion in vitro. However, only Everolimus and Erlotinib were effective in suppression the growth of INI1 stable knock-down cell line, whereas treatment with VEGFR inhibitors (sorafenib or sunitinib) did not inhibit the growth of tumor cells. To identify potential co-targeting molecules, EP family, which receives PGE2 signal, was chosen from microarray profiling for investigation because of its involvement in VEGF-C-mediated pulmonary carcinogenesis and a crosstalk with EGFR. RT-PCR screening revealed an up-regulated EP1 and EP4 in ACHN INI1 knock-down stable cells compared with control. We also demonstrated that PGE2 synthase-COX1 is up-regulated by knocking down the INI1. Erlotinib (EGFR inhibitor) effectively inhibited the growth of ACHN INI1 knock-down cells compared with vector control; whereas Gefitinib had no inhibitory effect. The Everolimus (mTOR inhibitor) also inhibited the growth of ACHN INI1 knock-down cells. Both Everolimus and EGFR inhibitors (Erlotinib and Gefitinib) effectively suppressed the growth of ACHN INI1 and EP1 double knockdown cells. Using this model experiment, a cocktail of PGE2/EP1 pathway inhibitor together with Everolimus and EGFR inhibitor (Erlotinib or Gefitinib) is preferred for patients with RCC-RF.
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Campelo, Filipe José Valente. "Climatic significance of tree-ring width and intra-annual wood features in Pinus pinea L. and Quercus ilex L." Doctoral thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/9678.
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Yuan, Tein-Ming, and 袁天民. "The Prognostic Significance of Clinical Features and Immunohistochemical Characterization of the Recurrence in the Resected Advanced Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/87877006591404740838.
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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>生命科學院碩士在職專班<br>96<br>Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are the most malignant mesenchymal tumor in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Palpable abdominal mass and acute abdomen pain are the major common symptoms in the GISTs. Most of GISTs were detected in the stomach. The tumor size and mitosis counts are the most important factors to predict the prognosis and to define the risk categories. The GISTs are poor responder to chemotherapy and radiotherapy and the only cure method is surgical resection for the primary GISTs in time. Recently, a target therapy using imatinib had a promising reponse rate. However, in some GISTs mutation in constitutively activated C-kit gene mutation (CD 117) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGFR-α), which are the major therapeutic target for imatinib mesylate (Gliveec), are frequently identified. However, the clinical significance of these factors in GIST is not well characterized in this study. We therefore analyzed the clinicopatholical factors to evaluate the role of these factors in the the recurrence and metastasis of the primary resected GIST.
Between August 2001 and March 2006, 31 advanced GIST patient’s paraffin embedded specimens were collected Immunohistochemical staining of CD-117, SMA, CD-34, S-100, Desmin, Bcl-2, PDGFR-α were performed in these specimens. Patients were classified on the basis of tumor size, the mitotic rate and CD117 positively. Advanced GISTs were defined as intermediate (I) and high risk (II) group. To evaluate what prognostic factors influences tumor recurrence and metastasis after resection of advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors.
Results revealed that age (p=0.048) and tumor recurrence (p=0.036) had significant differences between (I) and (II) group. The intermediated risk group had longer disease free time than high risk group (27 months Vs 17.5 months). It is evidence that high risk group GISTs were belong to poor disease free survival (p=0.047). Between the tumor recurrence group and non-recurrence group, there were significant differences in sex (p=0.013), incomplete resection (p=0.035), and Bcl-2 (p=0.046). Otherwise, most factors ( including age, clinical signs and symptoms, tumor location, immunochemical stains and PDGFR-α) had no significant differences in the recurrence group. PDGFR-α expression (29%) also was noted in the CD 117 overexpression specimens and no significant influence in disease progression. No mortality case was found in the advanced GISTs treated with imatinib.
In conclusion, the results from this study that male, resection margin and Bcl-2 are predictive factors for GISTs tumor recurrence. Meanwhile, the GIST risk classification not only has the help to forecast the GIST progression also to be able effectively to forecast the GIST recurrence.
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Chang, Jun-Chieh, and 張潤杰. "A Study of Applying Image Significant Features to Robust Watermarking Techniques." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/793td3.
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碩士<br>臺中技術學院<br>資訊工程系碩士班<br>99<br>Nowadays, our life is full of the digital technologies, and the digital watermarking has been used for copyright protection widely. The methods of digital watermarking technique are to embed the specific signal in the host media that we want to protect. The media could be video, voice or image…etc. In extraction procedure, users use the algorithm which same as what provider embedded in to extract the watermark information. Therefore, users can prove the legal ownership by utilizing the watermark information. To achieve workable copyright protection, have to keep the embedded algorithm robust enough. That is, users can still extract the watermark information to provide the legal ownership even the media had been attacked or affected under any circumstance.
This thesis presents two robust watermarking schemes in the spatial domain and transform domain according to the image signification features. In Chapter 3, a robust watermarking scheme that resisting geometric attack is proposed. The major method uses the corner detection to find the important edge features from the host protected image. These edge features usually are more robust and not being damaged easily. Therefore, the location information of edge features still can be recovered even the image has been rotated, scaled, and geometric attacked. Since these edge features are selected by corner detection, the embedded information can still be extracted under the geometric attack. Since these edge features are selected by corner detection, the embedded information can still be extracted under the geometric attack.
In Chapter 4, an effective robust watermarking scheme which based on singular value decomposition (SVD) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) is proposed. The core idea aims at the transform domain method which is the singular value decomposition. The SVD can extract important feature of protected image and then we use PSO algorithm to modify the singular values for embedding. Because the singular value matrix of SVD remains unchanged via translation attack, transpose attack, rotation attack, and the proposed watermarking technique is robust based on the properties of SVD. Finally, we clearly demonstrate that the watermarking technique to against attacks is workable. Besides, does not need to record the extra information because of the quantization method.
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Huang, Yu-Hsiang, and 黃昱翔. "The Significance of Maintenance: the Social and Technological Feature of Residential Green Building." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7shnx2.
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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>地理環境資源學研究所<br>104<br>This paper aims to illuminate both the difficulty of and the key point to building maintenance in the practice field of residential green building in Taiwan, and this paper treats the maintenance of the green building system as a process in which society, technique and users interweave with one another. The social factor points to the policies and the laws concerning building construction, the residential spaces and the features of commodities. It affects the usage of green building construction technology, the normative regulation for building constructors, and the mechanism of building maintenance among dwellers. The technical factor refers to the technical features of variegated green technology, which not only should be responsive to the policies, but also has an effect on the actors, including how the companies design and construct buildings, and dwellers’ agency. The concepts of Interpretive Flexibility from Social Construction of technology Theory (SCOT) and boundary object from Social World Theory shed us a new light to understand how buildings maintenance is possible under the intertwining factors. In practical world, the disputes over technology—the faults produced in the process of design or construction, the unpredictability of the technology—will keep emerging such that implementing new technology seems impossible. Fortunately, the case of H Building Company is a silver lining, proffering another alternative. After finishing the construction, H Building Company keeps highly involved in how dwellers’ maintain their building, and re-identifies technological problems, resulting in dwellers’ gestalt switch on the cognition of technology—that green building technology is now an issue of sustaining a symbiotic relationship with nature in an ecosystem but no longer mere the concept in architectural landscape. As a result, caterpillars, algae, aphids and mosquitos which were once claimed potential threat to technology are now used as a means to justify the indispensability of upgrading new technology on the one hand, and to prove the success of the gestalt switch on the cognition of technology on the other hand, enabling the green technology carried out as H Building Company originally planned.
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Lin, Ching-Hsiu, and 林敬修. "The Evaluation of the Significant Features of Hepatocellular Carcinoma for Precontrast CT Liver Images." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/468zj2.
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碩士<br>義守大學<br>資訊工程學系<br>106<br>Due to the low index of renal function who after use contrast media probability lead to acute kidney failure, and only by precontrast CT difficult to diagnose all diseases. And in physical examination CT items to the most are without contrast media. This study hopes to provide a reference for predicting HCC without increasing the physical burden.
This study is a retrospective study design, a total of 101 cases of CT triphase examinations reported by radiologists are expected to be collected from December 2016 to June 2017.Among them, those who did not find significant abnormalities and benign lesions were classified as control group, a total of 56 cases; and the radiologist completed the report of suspected HCC as experimental group, a total of 45 cases. Then we will using multi-seed region growing to obtain the features of precontrast CT liver images, and the statistical analysis of the intra-area image characteristics was calculated to establish a model for predicting the occurrence of HCC.
For descriptive statistics, the mean value in the experimental group was 138.84 HU, which was lower than the 141.74 HU of the control group, while the average age of the experimental group was 64.22 years, the AFP,GOT and GPT was 531.43 ng/ml,59.36 U/L and 53.04 U. /L, were higher than the average age of the control group 57.05 years old, AFP.GOT and GPT was 9ng/ml,32.43U/L and 33.19U/L, P<0.05 is a significant feature of HCC. Cross-table comparisons found that the chance of male rickets in this study was 1.88 times that of women. In the univariate logistic regression, the significant features of HCC were the mean value, age, AFP,GOT and GPT (P<0.05). Finally, using the multivariate logistic regression to establish the prediction model, and then use the ROC curve to verify ,and the AUC can reach 0.899. When the cut-off point is 0.526, it has a true positive rate of 80.5% and a clearness of 88.6%. It has a very high accuracy, and the Kappa also has a consistency of 0.657.
The significant features of HCC are the mean value, age, AFP, GOT, and GPT. The predictive model shows high probability of HCC, as lower mean value, older, higher AFP, GOT and GPT. Then, further inspections are needed to exam the situation of body. In the future, we hope to analyze the liver texture to improve the capture of the whole liver area.
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Hsueh, Shih-Hua, and 薛詩樺. "A Study of Building a Specific Image Database Based on Significant Color and Texture Features." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5t6b5m.
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碩士<br>國立臺中科技大學<br>資訊管理系碩士班<br>100<br>In this thesis, the main issue is to build a specific database for different web image search engines. The searching result images contain the true images, drawing images, sometimes contemporary images exist in search results. To solve this problem, two simple color features and a texture feature are proposed to build image databases.
First, building a specific database scheme to use quantization-color-size histogram is proposed in Chapter 3. The proposed method first removes the smaller size and clipart images from the return images, and then it uses color quantization and calculates the sum of continuous intervals from the quantization-color-size histogram to get the global color feature. If an image is conformed to the global feature then it can be saved in the database. As a result, the proposed method has the high accuracy and effectively filters the web-searching results to form the desired image database.In Chapter 4, a simple color feature to obtain the global feature for building the specific image database with more accuracy is proposed. First, accumulate histogram of quantized colors for each block, and find the maximum of quantization colors of each block. Next, accumulate and find the larger accumulations of quantized colors in an image. Finally, the proposed method counts the frequency of these quantized for all search images and obtain the global color feature. From experimental results, the proposed method has high accuracy for the specific database for the web search engine.In Chapter 5, an angle texture feature is proposed to build a specific texture database for web image search engine. After removing the clipart images, the proposed method uses angle direction variation to build each angle co-occurrence matrix. The next step is to find the top 11 elements of the co-occurrence matrix as the angle feature, and the indices of corresponding columns and rows are extracted to be representative patterns. Finally, for all search images, count the pattern numbers for each angle feature and find the patterns of the each angle feature where the amount is larger than 70%. From experimental result, the proposed method has high accuracy of larger than 94% to build a specific database for the web search engine.
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Mu, Yang-Ming, and 穆陽明. "To explore whether the IFRS features and information system performance have a significant impact on achieving IFRS financial reporting task." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ar57vx.
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碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>企業管理學系在職專班<br>105<br>To attract foreign investment for investing domestic enterprises and reducing the cost of preparation of relevant international statements, Taiwan's listed and over-the-counter companies and financial management of the financial industry in 2013 formally adopted IFRS to prepare financial statements instead of ROC GAAP. Introducing IFRS has had a comprehensive impact on the enterprise. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explore whether the information system performance and IFRS features have a significant impact on achieving IFRS financial reporting task after IFRS was introduced.
This study collected research data through a questionnaire distributed in 2015. The participants were composed of companies that adopted the IFRS and covered in the fields of Taiwan’s listed, over-the-counter, and emerging stock markets. SmartPLS 3.0 was used as the analysis tool. In this way, the study can explore the relationships among information system performance, IFRS features, as well as IFRS financial reporting task.
The empirical results show that the performance of the information system is not significantly related to the IFRS financial reporting task. However, some of the mediators in the IFRS accounting process have significant influence on the IFRS financial reporting task. It can be learned that in order to achieve the goal of IFRS financial reporting task, the information system upgrade cannot be the only thing to rely on. It is crucial to make the appropriate adjustment and response in terms of IFRS features so that the objectives of IFRS financial reporting can be improved and achieved.
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Chuang, Han-Yu, and 莊涵宇. "An Objective-Oriented aspect of Feature Selection for Optimal Experimental Designs and Detection of Significant Genes on Microarray." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64828530039483774412.
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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>資訊工程學研究所<br>91<br>For science, engineering, and bioinformatics, feature selection are found in all machine learning tasks, including pattern recognition and time-series prediction. This thesis proposes a new approach named objective-oriented (ObO) approach of feature selection and presents several related applications for microarray analysis, categorized optimal experimental design and detection of significant genes.
With the frame of ObO, the objectives of feature selection are two classes: 1) ranking features individually with ability to provide a better realization of the underlying concept that generates the data, and 2) combining a set of features to derive the best possible prediction performance of the target learning algorithm. For the first objective, ObO uses “Data Fusion” techniques to rank features by their capability of interpreting the aimed knowledge. For the second one, Obo uses evolutionary approaches to acquire optimal sets of features with the best performance for the target.
ObO has produced promising results in these bioinformatics problems on microarray. For optimal experimental design problem, we demonstrate that the evolutionary approach of ObO is promising for several kinds of experimental objectives: 1) comparisons between all pairs of treatments of equal interest; 2) comparisons between some pairs of treatments of greatest interest. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method can find all the optima for tested problems. For the problems of detection of significant genes, we derive three methods. Two of them are based on data fusion techniques of ObO to rank genes using expression levels for relevance of given experimental conditions, and the other one uses the evolutionary approach of ObO to search the optimal gene sets with small size and the best discriminability between samples. The experimental results show these methods based on ObO are competitive with commonly used feature selection methods and provide more general solutions.