Journal articles on the topic 'Fear – Psychological aspects'
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1
Conroy, David E. "The Unique Psychological Meanings of Multidimensional Fears of Failing." Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 26, no. 3 (September 2004): 484–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsep.26.3.484.
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The multidimensional, hierarchical model of fear of failure (FF) has gained popularity in sport; however, the unique meaning of lower-order fears of failing in previous research may have been obscured by the hierarchical structure of the model. The present research aimed to establish the unique psychological meaning of lower-order fears of failing. Samples of recreational athletes (N = 440) and female varsity intercollegiate track and field athletes (N = 71) completed measures of multidimensional fears of failing, self-talk while failing, 2 × 2 achievement goals, and contextual motivation. Partial correlation analyses revealed unique patterns of relationships for each lower-order FF score with the external measures of self-talk, achievement goals, and contextual motivation. Fears of experiencing shame and embarrassment appeared to be at the heart of dysfunctional aspects of FF, whereas fears of having an uncertain future evidenced some uniquely adaptive components.
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Eckert, Tobias, Karin Kampe, Michaela Kohler, Diana Albrecht, Gisela Büchele, Klaus Hauer, Martina Schäufele, Clemens Becker, and Klaus Pfeiffer. "Correlates of fear of falling and falls efficacy in geriatric patients recovering from hip/pelvic fracture." Clinical Rehabilitation 34, no. 3 (December 2, 2019): 416–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269215519891233.
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Objective: To gain a better understanding about the nature of fear of falling, this study analyzed associations between psychological and physical aspects related to fear of falling and falls efficacy in hip/pelvic fracture patients. Design: Baseline data of a randomized controlled trial. Setting: Geriatric inpatient rehabilitation hospital. Subjects: In all, 115 geriatric patients with hip/pelvic fracture (mean age: 82.5 years) reporting fear of falling within first week of inpatient rehabilitation. Interventions: None. Main measures: Falls efficacy (Short Falls Efficacy Scale–International; Perceived Ability to Manage Falls), fear of falling (one-item question), fall-related post-traumatic stress symptoms (six items based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV) criteria), physical performance (Short Physical Performance Battery) and psychological inflexibility (Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II) were assessed. Results: Path analyses demonstrated that low falls efficacy (Short Falls Efficacy Scale International) was significantly related to poor physical performance ( β* = –.277, P ⩽ .001), but not to psychological inflexibility and fall-related post-traumatic stress symptoms ( P ⩾ .05.). Fear of falling was directly associated with fall-related post-traumatic stress symptoms ( β*= .270, P = .007) and indirectly with psychological inflexibility ( β*= .110, P = .022). Low perceived ability to manage falls was significantly related to previous falls ( β* = –.348, P ⩽ .001), psychological inflexibility ( β* = –.216, P = .022) and female gender ( β* = –.239, P ⩽ .01). Conclusion: Falls efficacy and fear of falling constitute distinct constructs. Falls efficacy measured with the Short Falls Efficacy Scale International reflects the appraisal of poor physical performance. Fear of falling measured by the single-item question constitutes a fall-specific psychological construct associated with psychological inflexibility and fall-related post-traumatic stress symptoms.
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Adshead, Gwen. "Psychological therapies for post-traumatic stress disorder." British Journal of Psychiatry 177, no. 2 (August 2000): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.177.2.144.
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BackgroundAfter exposure to traumatic stressors, a subgroup of survivors (20–30%) will develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).AimsSince the incidence and prevalence rates for PTSD in the community are significant, it is important that general practitioners and psychiatrists be familiar with possible therapeutic options. In this review we shall look at the published evidence about the effectiveness of psychological treatments for PTSD.MethodThe psychopathological mechanisms involved in PTSD are discussed. Studies of the effectiveness of different psychological therapies are reviewed.ResultsThe review suggests that persistent fear or shame reactions are key aspects of PTSD. Evidence from systematic reviews suggests that psychotherapeutic treatments are effective in the therapy of reactions based on fear, and may increase the effectiveness of pharmacological therapy. There is less systematic evidence for the efficacy of interventions for symptoms based on shame.ConclusionsAlthough a proportion of patients with complex or chronic PTSD may require specialist interventions, most patients can be treated effectively by a general psychiatric service which can offer both pharmacological and psychological interventions.
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Tovstukha, Olesia. "Forms of Psychological and Pedagogical Assistance to Children in Traumatic Situations." Bulletin of Luhansk Taras Shevchenko National University, no. 7 (338) (2020): 204–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.12958/2227-2844-2020-7(338)-204-210.
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The article examines the psychological characteristics of children who are traumatized, the main problems that can be observed in children in these situations. from such families, the history of providing psychological and pedagogical assistance in similar situations is considered. During the writing of the research it was noted that the category of children in crisis situations includes the following: children deprived of parental care, children with immoral habits, children with certain phobias (night fears and nightmares, fear of falling asleep, fear of being alone especially in the dark, unwillingness to be without parents, anxiety related to misunderstanding of death, fantasies about "treatment from death", expectations that the dead may return, assault, concern for their responsibility and / or guilt, children with unusually aggressive or reckless behavior, negativism, delinquent behavior, sexual abuse). Organizational and substantive aspects of providing social and psychological assistance to children in traumatic situations are identified. Effective forms of work with a child in crisis are identified (help in mastering experiences, appealing to self-control; help to identify bodily feelings experienced during the event; joint meetings with children and parents to help children share information with parents - how they feel; encouragement to discuss events related to her feelings and realistic vision of what was.
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Antoci, Angelo, Alessandro Fiori Maccioni, Pier Luigi Sacco, and Mauro Sodini. "Self-protection, Psychological Externalities, and the Social Dynamics of Fear." Journal of Conflict Resolution 61, no. 2 (July 11, 2016): 349–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022002715596771.
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We examine the social dynamics of crime by means of evolutionary game theory, and we model the choice of boundedly rational potential victims to privately self-protect against prospective offenders. Negative externalities from self-protection, as the socially transmitted fear of victimization, can influence the strategic choices of victims even with constant or declining crime rates, and this circumstance may lead to Pareto inefficient equilibria with excessive expenses for private protection. Providing higher levels of public security (or of appropriate social care) financed through discriminatory taxation of private defensive behaviors can prevent crime and reduce superfluous self-protection, thus driving the social dynamics toward a more efficient equilibrium. Public policy can therefore be effective in implementing the social optimum. This article extends previous work by Cressman, Morrison, and Wen by increasing the range of possible dynamics and the scope for public intervention. Consequently, in our model, public policy can deter crime and improve the welfare of victims by addressing the intangible aspects of crime, that is, the social dynamics of fear.
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Florian, Victor, Mario Mikulincer, and Edna Green. "Fear of Personal Death and the Mmpi Profile of Middle-Age Men: The Moderating Impact of Personal Losses." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 28, no. 2 (March 1994): 151–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/38ct-bhuv-7hy5-vp6t.
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The present study examines the association of fear of personal death and aspects of psychological maladjustment and the moderating impact of personal losses. Ninety-seven middle-aged Israeli males completed the MMPI, a brief scale on personal loss experiences, and the Fear of Personal Death Scale. Results revealed that the MMPI profile was significantly related to the pattern of fear of personal death. This association, however, only reached significance among the middle-aged men who had not experienced personal losses. In addition, respondents who had experienced personal losses reported higher levels of fear of personal death than respondents who had not experienced any personal loss. Results were discussed from a multidimensional perspective of fear of death.
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Prevendárová, J. "Psychological Aspects of Patients and Their Families Suffering from a Rare Disease / Psychologické aspekty pacientov a ich rodín postihnutých zriedkavou chorobou." Acta Facultatis Pharmaceuticae Universitatis Comenianae 60, Supplementum-VIII (March 1, 2013): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/afpuc-2013-0008.
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Severe chronic disease always negatively impacts the psyche of the patient, regardless what organs or organ systems are affected. There are several factors contributing to mental health and serenity, e.g.: quality of health care, social and economic support, personality predisposition of the patient, their partnership, family and wider society relations. Shedding of friendly relations and leisure activities, as well as problems in the partnership are the most serious factors that produce frustration, anger, low self-esteem or even a sense of futility. These emotions, along with pain and fear of disease and fear from the future in many cases eventually lead to depression. Therefore we consider it necessary to pay attention not only to the physical condition of the patient with a rare disease, but also to their psyche; in the broader context of partnership and parenthood. In case of a pediatric patient comfort and serenity of parents has a strongly harmonizing effect on the physical and mental condition of the child. The article deals in detail with the symptoms of distress of the patient and his family, and finally defines the goals of psychological counseling and therapy, including family therapy as a whole.
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Samson, Andrea C., René T. Proyer, Grazia Ceschi, Pier Paolo Pedrini, and Willibald Ruch. "The Fear of Being Laughed at in Switzerland." Swiss Journal of Psychology 70, no. 2 (January 2011): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/1421-0185/a000039.
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This study compares the characteristics and possible causes of gelotophobia (the fear of being laughed at) in different parts of Switzerland. In addition, we examined how gelotophobia was related to variables of positive psychological functioning. The first study (N = 1,006) revealed that gelotophobia can be found in all language regions of Switzerland with an approximate prevalence of 5%. The results suggest that cultural background is more relevant for the development of gelotophobia than the language spoken in the respective area. The second study (N = 196) showed gelotophobia to be negatively related to subjective well-being, grit (i.e., a perseverance and passion for long-term goals), gratitude, cognitive aspects of subjective well-being, and subjective happiness. Variables of positive psychological functioning contribute to the understanding of the experiential world of gelotophobes, but might also be relevant when developing interventions to alleviate the fear of being laughed at.
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Vulekovic, Petar, Milan Simic, Gordana Misic-Pavkov, Tomislav Cigic, Zeljko Kojadinovic, and Djula Djilvesi. "Traumatic brain injuries: Forensic and expertise aspects." Medical review 61, no. 9-10 (2008): 471–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0810471v.
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Introduction. Traumatic brain injuries have major socio-economic importance due to their frequency, high mortality and serious consequences. According to their nature the consequences of these injuries may be classified as neurological, psychiatric and esthetic. Various lesions of brain structures cause neurological consequences such as disturbance of motor functions, sensibility, coordination or involuntary movements, speech disturbances and other deviations, as well as epilepsy. Psychiatric consequences include cognitive deficit, emotional disturbances and behavior disturbances. Criminal-legal aspect of traumatic brain injuries and litigation. Criminal-legal aspect of traumatic brain injuries expertise understands the qualification of these injuries as mild, serious and qualified serious body injuries as well as the expertise about the mechanisms of their occurrence. Litigation expertise includes the estimation of pain, fear, diminished, i.e. lost vital activity and disability, esthetic marring, and psychological suffer based on the diminished general vital activity and esthetic marring. Competence and timing of expertise. Evaluation of consequences of traumatic brain injuries should be performed only when it can be positively confirmed that they are permanent, i.e. at least one year after the injury. Expertise of these injuries is interdisciplinary. Among clinical doctors the most competent medical expert is the one who is in charge for diagnostics and injury treatment, with the recommendation to avoid, if possible, the doctor who conducted treatment. For the estimation of general vital activity, the neurological consequences, pain and esthetic marring expertise, the most competent doctors are neurosurgeon and neurologist. Psychological psychiatric consequences and fear expertise have to be performed by the psychiatrist. Specialists of forensic medicine contribute with knowledge of criminal low and legal expertise.
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Cheong, Chen Chen, Asmidawati Ashari, Rahimah Ibrahim, Wan Aliaa W. Sulaiman, and Koo Kian Yong. "Brain Electrical Activity Mapping (Beam) on Trait Anxiety among Malaysian Chinese Children." 11th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES 11, no. 1 (December 9, 2020): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2020.11(46).
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Woefully, the twenty-first century is described as an era of anxiety (Malcolm, 2015; Karas, 2013). In fact, the increasing prevalence rate of anxiety disorder has afflicted children at alarming rates nowadays. However, early onset of childhood anxiety is still underestimated. Consistent and intense feeling of fear had affected them in various aspects like emotions, behaviours and cognitive functions throughout their developmental stage (Bittner et al., 2007; Pine, Cohen, Gurley, Brook, & Ma, 1998; Woodward & Fergusson, 2001). Without proper early intervention, children are at risk for anxiety disorders with more severe anxiety symptoms when they are growing up. In order to get rid of the elevating of prevalence rate for anxiety, understanding the etiology of the onset of anxiety should be given more concern. In fact, this Biopsychosocial model views anxiety disorders as the products of biological aspects (gene and brain mechanism), psychological aspect (beliefs, behavior, coping skills) and social aspect (environmental factor). Among these three aspects, biological attributed vulnerabilities formed the first anxious personality in children since birth and reduced their resilience towards psychological and social stressors later on in their life (Averill, 2015). For instance, trait anxiety, the prolong state of anxious feeling is much more impactful for children compared to state anxiety as this inborn anxious personality shaped the first default biological vulnerability to fear. Hight trait anxiety level be adopted by the individual and form anxious personality in children since birth (Miu et al., 2009; Miclea, Albu & Ciuca, 2009). Keywords: Brain Electrical Activity Mapping (BEAM); Children; Chinese; Malaysia; Trait anxiety; Quantitative Electroencephalogram (qEEG)
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Karlsson, Linn, Björn Gerdle, Esa-Pekka Takala, Gerhard Andersson, and Britt Larsson. "Associations between psychological factors and the effect of home-based physical exercise in women with chronic neck and shoulder pain." SAGE Open Medicine 4 (January 1, 2016): 205031211666893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312116668933.
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Background: Exercise is often used in the treatment of chronic neck and shoulder muscle pain. It is likely that psychological aspects have an impact on the results of exercise-based treatments. Objectives: (1) To examine the associations between psychological factors and the effect of a home-based physical exercise intervention. (2) To examine differences in psychological factors at baseline between (a) subjects who continued in the trial and those who did not and (b) subjects who completed the intervention and those who did not. Method: A total of 57 women with chronic neck and shoulder pain were included in a home-based exercise intervention trial. Pain intensity, disability, and psychological factors (anxiety and depression symptoms, catastrophizing, fear-avoidance beliefs, self-efficacy, and pain acceptance) were measured at baseline, after 4–6 months, and after 1 year of exercise. Associations between the psychological factors and changes in pain intensity and disability were analysed, as well as differences in psychological factors at baseline between subjects who continued in and completed the intervention, and those who did not. Results: Associations between positive changes in pain intensity and disability were found for low fear-avoidance beliefs and low-pain self-efficacy at baseline. In addition, fear-avoidance beliefs at baseline were higher in the subjects who dropped out of the intervention than in those who continued. Pain acceptance at baseline was higher in the subjects who completed the intervention at the end of the trial. Conclusion: Particularly, fear-avoidance beliefs and pain self-efficacy should be taken into consideration when implementing home-based physical exercise as treatment for chronic neck pain. In addition, high pain acceptance might improve the adherence to prescribed exercise.
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Salem, Haya, and Suhad Daher-Nashif. "Psychosocial Aspects of Female Breast Cancer in the Middle East and North Africa." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 18 (September 18, 2020): 6802. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17186802.
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Breast cancer, the most common cancer among women in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, is associated with social and psychological implications deriving from women’s socio-cultural contexts. Examining 74 articles published between 2007 and 2019, this literature/narrative review explores the psychosocial aspects of female breast cancer in the MENA region. It highlights socio-cultural barriers to seeking help and socio-political factors influencing women’s experience with the disease. In 17 of 22 Arab countries, common findings emerge which derive from shared cultural values. Findings indicate that women lack knowledge of breast cancer screening (BCS) and breast cancer self-examination (BSE) benefits/techniques due to a lack of physicians’ recommendations, fear, embarrassment, cultural beliefs, and a lack of formal and informal support systems. Women in rural areas or with low socioeconomic status further lack access to health services. Women with breast cancer, report low self-esteem due to gender dynamics and a tendency towards fatalism. Collaboration between mass media, health and education systems, and leading social-religious figures plays a major role in overcoming psychological and cultural barriers, including beliefs surrounding pain, fear, embarrassment, and modesty, particularly for women of lower socioeconomic status and women living in crises and conflict zones.
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Apalkov, Vitalii. "THE ARMY BEHIND BARBED WIRE. PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF BEHAVIOR IN CAPTIVITY." Scientific Journal of Polonia University 42, no. 5 (February 12, 2021): 134–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/4218.
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The article examines the psychological features of humans entering and the subsequent stay in a hostile environment and its consequences. We made the analysis of psychological factors influencing the behavior of a soldier in captivity. The genesis of captivity was analyzed, and the mechanisms of destructive psychological influence of captors on persons who were captured were investigated. The results of the research allow forming a holistic view of the psychological factors that affect military personnel from the moment of capture to the moment of their release. Activities of international humanitarian organizations and missions, does not fully protect prisoners of war from violence. The state of constant mental stress reduces the inner life of the individual to a primitive level. It was found that the events of the captivity were extreme. They go beyond the usual human experiences and cause intense fear for their lives, as well as create feelings of helplessness. Preparations for possible capture are mandatory for all servicemen. Post-captive reintegration will help to restore mental health and return the person to a full life and performance of duties. We identified the factors that help to endure conditions of the forced isolation with minimal loss to the physical and mental health.
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Metreveli, Stephan. "Afraid of Flying." Journal of the World Association for Emergency and Disaster Medicine 1, no. 2 (1985): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00065547.
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The terrors of flying are as old as the dreams of it. The first flight of man, reported in Greek mythology, ended with the crashing down of Icarus. Today, planes have become indispensable. Air transport companies boast the fact that travel by air is the safest, despite the fact that fear is ever present. There is little knowledge about fears and passenger behavior. Accident statistics turn terrifying events into “cases”. Tribute is paid to “technical progress” and to “more quality of life.” Measures must be taken to reduce the reasons for apprehension to achieve some kind of rationally based safety to relate to behavior. One should, however, not aim to abolish fear to an irrational and unrealistic degree. Such induced behavior cannot be firm in a real crisis. Fears are founded upon social and personal reasons: (1) Predominantly sociological aspects: the fact of airplane disasters; obscurity of the causes and effects of such disasters; inadequate knowledge of technical facts; doubts about disaster prevention; and “technology trauma.” (2) Predominantly socio-psychological aspects: alien surroundings; isolation; don't know what to do; inescapability; and “Mogadishou-effect.” Anthropological and socio-cultural factors also have an impact.Fear of flying of pilot and crew: Their reasons for fear are related to the exact knowledge of dangers and risks, which are involved in economic and job efficiency oriented requirements and obligations. We recommend: improving information and explanation of risks and the related behavioral safety; improving technical means and management of disaster prevention along with appropriate mediation; courses to decrease fears of flying, including safety training; and decreasing potential conflict with airline personnel.
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Zhuravleva, T. V., S. N. Enikolopov, O. V. Zubareva, and M. I. Chernaia. "Clinical and psychological features of addict people with an incomplete suicide attempt." Psychology and Law 5, no. 4 (2015): 49–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psylaw.2015050405.
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The article presents results of social, psychological and clinical aspects of suicidal behaviour of alcohol addicts and drug addicts with incomplete suicide attempts, admitted to the Department of crisis states and psychosomatic disorders, Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Ambulance Service from November 2014 to June 2015. The majority of addicts (70%) showed an affective kind of suicidal actions. During an acute post-suicidal period all examined patients revealed value-oriented approach to life. Conflict becomes irrelevant as a result of expressed fear of death and fear of social and transcendental consequences of an suicide act. Alcohol addicts feel guilty towards relatives and others, and need of their support. They have significantly increased fear to loss of social identity. Drug addicts have maintained negative view of near and distant future events, they consider the act of suicide as an effective and radical way of solving life problems. Based on our findings we concluded that the risk of repeat suicide attempts in patients with alcohol dependence can be caused by the weakness of self-management skills and lack of microsocial environmental support, while a similar risk in persons with drug addiction can be due to negative view of their own future and the degree of social maladjustment.
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Safin, R. Sh. "Philosophical and psychological aspects of the attitude to death in Islam. The awareness of the inevitability of death and ways of overcoming the fear." Minbar. Islamic Studies 12, no. 2 (July 8, 2019): 571–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31162/2618-9569-2019-12-2-571-584.
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The article offers an overview of a series of philosophical and psychological researches regarding the attitude of a person to his death. The author compares the phenomena of the acceptance and denial of the very fact of a death from the point of view of their efficiency as psychological phenomena. A particular attention is paid to the religious perception and awareness of this phenomenon as well as compared the relationship of the categories of fear of death and religious perception of the world. The main argument is an attempt to outline the decisive aspects of the attitude to death that forms the religious faith of Muslims and the level of efficiency the Islamic creed provides to an individual to cope with the fear of death. The author has made an attempt to identify the factors, which made a fundamental impact on the Muslims’ perception of the world and its order.
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HATEM, Wahiba Guiraa, and Hassiba HAFFAF. "PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH AND CORONA." RIMAK International Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 03, no. 06 (July 1, 2021): 514–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/2717-8293.6-3.45.
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Covid-19 can be considered the most serious global health crisis to hit humanity since the Second World War. It has not only affected the health aspect, but also various aspects of economic, social, educational, political and even cultural life, resulting in high levels of stress and anxiety in a difficult test of our ability to adapt to the unknown. There is no doubt that the mental and psychic health of individuals has been affected by the Covid-19 pandemic and by the exceptional and unprecedented measures that restrict individual freedoms, such as quarantine, social distancing contrary to the social nature of human beings, as well as therapeutic and preventive protocols as a means of responding to the spread of the virus, which have caused and continue to cause psychological problems for individuals who do not respond positively to this crisis and who are in a fragile psychological situation. This article discusses the mental health effects of this pandemic, such as anxiety disorders, OCD, PTSD and depression, highlighting the main psychological and physical symptoms that can result from the fear of inter-individual transmission and quarantine. It also discusses the best ways and strategies for coping with this pandemic, as well as the most important psychological techniques that are part of cognitive-behavioural psychotherapy, including physical techniques such as relaxation and breath control, cognitive techniques such as cognitive reconstruction, as well as emotional techniques such as mindfulness, which help to mitigate the psychological effects and build psychological immunity for an effective response to the pandemic.
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Aslamiyah, Suaibatul, and Nurhayati. "Dampak Covid-19 terhadap Perubahan Psikologis, Sosial dan Ekonomi Pasien Covid-19 di Kelurahan Dendang, Langkat, Sumatera Utara." Jurnal Riset dan Pengabdian Masyarakat 1, no. 1 (January 24, 2021): 56–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.22373/jrpm.v1i1.664.
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The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused unrest for all levels of society. The virus, whose symptoms are similar to SARS, not only affects a person's physical condition, but also affects psychological, social, and economic conditions. Among the general population, people infected with this virus or COVID-19 patients are more likely to experience changes in psychological, social, and economic conditions. This study aims to describe the impact of COVID-19 on psychological, social, and economic changes in patients in Dendang village Langkat regency, North Sumatera. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative with interview techniques to patients who have undergone treatment and recovered. The results showed that there were changes in the psychological, social, and economic aspects of COVID-19 patients. Psychologically, patients experience changes ranging from fear, sadness, depression, decreased motivation to trauma. While the social impact, patients get different treatment and views from society. Then, economically, patients experience a decrease in income so that it is difficult to meet their food needs.
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Rodriguez, Rosa M., Ashley Marroquin, and Nicole Cosby. "Reducing Fear of Reinjury and Pain Perception in Athletes With First-Time Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstructions by Implementing Imagery Training." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 28, no. 4 (May 1, 2019): 385–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2017-0056.
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Clinical Scenario: The anterior cruciate ligament is one of the major stabilizing ligaments of the knee joint by preventing anterior translation of the femur in the closed kinetic chain. A ruptured anterior cruciate ligament may require reconstructive surgery for patients who wish to return to physical activity. For the most part, surgeries are successful at repairing the ruptured ligament and restoring ligamentous function; the percentage of athletes that return to a competitive level of physical activity is only 44%, and 24% of patients report a main factor of preventing their return is fear of reinjury and pain. Most physiotherapy and rehabilitation research has focused on the physical treatment and is limited on the psychological aspects of recovery. Imagery has been suggested to be effective at reducing anxiety, tension, and pain, while promoting and encouraging healing after an injury. Imagery is defined as a process of performing a skill in one’s mind using the senses (touch, feel, smell, vision, etc) without any overt actions. Clinical Question: In athletes who are first-time anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction patients, does imagery training in combination with standard physical therapy reduce the fear of reinjury and pain perception? Summary of Key Findings: Previous research has primarily looked at the physical treatment aspect, and few studies have focused on the psychological factors affecting recovery. Researchers concluded that fear of reinjury was the unique predictor of return to sport even in a sample of participants that reported very little or almost no pain at all. Imagery as a therapy is an effective intervention in reducing fear of reinjury and confidence building. Furthermore, mental imagery is suggested to assist with a reduction in anxiety, pain, and tension, while promoting healing. Clinical Bottom Line: Based on the strength of recommendation taxonomy, there is a combination of level A and B evidence proposing that imagery, in combination with traditional physical therapy, can be effective at reducing psychological distress such as fear of reinjury and pain perception in first-time anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction patients.
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Melo, Alexandra de Souza, Emília Campos de Carvalho, and Nilza Teresa Rotter Pelá. "The sexuality of patients with onco-hematological diseases." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 14, no. 2 (April 2006): 227–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692006000200012.
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We interviewed 20 patients staying at a hospital unit, by means of a data collection instrument that is based on the eclectic model, with a view to characterizing the biological, psychological and sociocultural aspects involving human sexuality which are affected in patients with onco-hematological diseases. The research complied with ethical requirements for studies involving human beings. The results revealed that these clients presented problems related to biological aspects, mainly with respect to the phase of sexual desire (60% of the sample), sexual excitation (75%) and orgasm (75%). The psychological aspects related to sexual self-image were affected in 60% of the sample; problems related to social aspects (85%) were mainly due to the fear of acquiring an infection as a result of the low immunity provoked by the disease and treatment. These clients demonstrated alterations in their sexual function and in the way they expressed their sexuality.
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Adshead, Gwen. "1. Psychological Trauma and its Influence on Genuine and False Complaints of Sexual Assault." Medicine, Science and the Law 36, no. 2 (April 1996): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002580249603600203.
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Events that cause fear leave effects, both physical and psychological. In the last 20 years, it has been recognized that criminal assaults are also fearful events which, like war atrocities and civilian disasters, can have profound effects upon the psychological health of victims. In this paper, some of the research describing the psychological effects of crime will be reviewed, with particular emphasis on allegations of sexual assault. The impact of trauma on crime victims in relation to the prosecution process will be discussed, including the relevance of trauma to the issue of false allegations of sexual assault. The paper will conclude with some recommendations for research.
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Nguyen, Lam Duc, Long Hoang Nguyen, Ly Thi Ninh, Ha Thu Thi Nguyen, Anh Duy Nguyen, Linh Gia Vu, Cuong Tat Nguyen, et al. "Fear of Childbirth and Preferences for Prevention Services among Urban Pregnant Women in a Developing Country: A Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 10 (May 18, 2021): 5382. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105382.
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This study aimed to examine fear of childbirth and willingness to pay for fear-prevention services in pregnant women. A multicenter, cross-sectional study was conducted on pregnant women in two obstetric hospitals in Vietnam. The Fear of Birth Scale was utilized to evaluate fear of childbirth. Multivariable, generalized linear regression and logistic regression models were performed to identify associated factors with fear of childbirth, demand, and willingness to pay for prevention services. Of 900 pregnant women, fear of childbirth was moderately high with a mean score of 18.1 (SD = 2.3). Age of partner; ever having complications of pregnancy; attitudes toward different aspects of childbirth delivery; satisfactions with friends, parents, and siblings’ care; and information support were associated with fear of childbirth. Only 33.8% participants had a demand for the prevention service, and 43.7% were willing to pay for this service with an average amount of $US 10.0 per month (SD = 72.0). Our study suggested that individualized psychological counseling and information-seeking guidance should be provided appropriately and differently for multiparous and nulliparous women for reducing fear and improving the acceptability of the prevention services.
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Şengün İnan, Figen, and Besti Üstün. "Fear of Recurrence in Turkish Breast Cancer Survivors: A Qualitative Study." Journal of Transcultural Nursing 30, no. 2 (April 30, 2018): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1043659618771142.
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Purpose: Fear of recurrence (FOR) of cancer is a distressing symptom and can negatively affect breast cancer survivors’ quality of life and psychological well-being. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore Turkish breast cancer survivors’ experiences related to FOR. Design: The data were collected through semistructured interviews, which were conducted with 12 breast cancer survivors. Results: The data were categorized into four themes: the quality of fear, triggers, effects on life, and coping. FOR survivors’ lives in multiple aspects, and the women found it difficult to manage their fear. Implications: Nurses should be aware of FOR in survivors during follow-up care. In addition, it is essential to consider the impact of FOR on life, and survivors should be referred to appropriate resources and support services.
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Roche, Sean Patrick, Theodore Wilson, and Justin T. Pickett. "Perceived Control, Severity, Certainty, and Emotional Fear: Testing an Expanded Model of Deterrence." Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 57, no. 4 (November 22, 2019): 493–531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022427819888249.
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Objectives: Growing evidence indicates that criminologists should incorporate emotional states, such as fear, into standard deterrence frameworks. Within the fear of crime literature, there is empirical support for the “sensitivity to risk” model, which posits perceived victimization control and severity drive certainty perceptions, and these cognitions, in turn, drive fear of crime. We apply this logic to offender decision-making. Methods: Using a sample of young adults ( N = 829), an anonymous online survey, and path analysis, this study investigates an expanded model of deterrence. Results: Perceived control over apprehension directly reduced perceptions of the certainty of being apprehended. Perceived severity was both directly and indirectly, through perceived certainty, associated with greater fear of apprehension. Fear of apprehension is negatively associated with reported criminal propensity, and the effects of cognitive judgments of control, severity, and certainty have an indirect effect on reported criminal propensity via fear of apprehension. Conclusions: Our findings illustrate the need to better understand the psychological and emotional aspects of deterrence. Individuals do not simply consult their preformed certainty perceptions when considering crime. Identifying all of the relevant cognitions and the emotions is critical for advancing criminological theories and improving crime policies.
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Yeon, Su Jin, Ji Hee Min, Ji Yong Byeon, Jin Joo Min, Ji In Ryu, Ansuk Jeong, Jee Ye Kim, Seung Il Kim, and Justin Y. Jeon. "Exercise Barriers and Facilitators for Breast Cancer Patients After Surgery: A Qualitative Content Analysis." Exercise Science 30, no. 2 (May 31, 2021): 192–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.15857/ksep.2021.30.2.192.
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PURPOSE: This study aimed to understand the barriers to exercise and facilitators of exercise for up to 4 weeks following breast cancer surgery.METHODS: A descriptive qualitative research method was used in this study. Twelve patients were recruited through purposive sampling immediately after breast cancer surgery.RESULTS: Physical aspects (pain at the surgery site, reduction in the range of motion, and decrease in fitness), environmental aspects (difficulty in movement due to drain, lack of information on exercise), and psychological aspects (concerns about side effects, fear of pain, and fear of injury during exercise) were identified as barriers to exercise. Expectation of positive effects (recovery from surgery, prevention of lymphedema, usefulness for future radiation therapy, prevention of cancer recurrence, and health management) of exercise and social support (hospital education, support from medical staff, and exercise information received via mass media) were identified as facilitators of exercise.CONCLUSIONS: We recognized different barriers to exercise and facilitators of exercise among patients who recently underwent breast cancer surgery. Future exercise intervention studies should consider minimizing such barriers and maximizing the facilitators identified in our study.
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Prib, Hlib A., and Svitlana S. Bondar. "The Communication Barriers in a Ukrainian Family: Adultery and Socio-Psychological Aspects." Journal of Intellectual Disability - Diagnosis and Treatment 9, no. 1 (March 12, 2021): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/2292-2598.2021.09.01.9.
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A common cause of disruption of family communication is adultery, which creates a traumatic situation and even leads to family destruction. The purpose of the article is to investigate sexual and psychosocial disorders in family communication under adultery—research methods. The study used validity methods «Eysenck Inventory of Attitudes to Sex» and «Diagnostics of the inferiority complex». Statistical methods. For the non-parametric data correlation variables, the Spearman coefficient was used, Kendall's, Pearson's. Results: The present study found the destructive effect of the psychological characteristics of sexuality on family functioning in CGA. The connection between disappointment with existing sexual relations and desire for sexual satisfaction was established (p <0.05). Conflicts between beliefs and internal impulses were detected (p <0.05). It was found that treating a partner as a sexual object without finding sensual pleasure correlated with intolerance to a verbal description of bed scenes (p <0.05). Sexual shyness is a characteristic of couples with sexual inactivity and aversion to sexual manifestations (p <0.05). In turn, the difficulty of acquiring sexual excitement correlated with a fascination with only physical sex without its spiritual component (p <0.05). Conclusion: Features of the psychological response of men and women in CGA and CG in the genesis and development of impaired family life are connected to the following: a great number of complexes and constant struggle with personal weaknesses, drawbacks, mistakes; fear of analyzing oneself and one's own actions by "hiding" and "postponing" the resolution; inflated self-esteem, self-deception, living in the so-called "imaginary world", low communication (p <0.05).
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Brunalas, Benas. "Fear Without Rationality: Emotions in Lithuanian Foreign Policy." Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review 36, no. 1 (December 20, 2017): 35–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/lfpr-2017-0002.
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Abstract The paper reflects on the conception of the phenomenon of fear employed in the international relations theory. A critique of understanding of fear as a rational incentive of conventional international relations theories paves the way for the notion of fear as an emotion. It is argued that the behaviour of states in international politics should be explained via their psychological and emotional aspects. The paper proposes to connect the arising of and experiencing fear with collective memory and the imagery entrenched in nations’ subconscious. It also proposes to distinguish the two levels of arising of and experiencing the emotion of fear, namely the attempt to consciously arouse fear and its nonconscious experience. On the first level, mnemonic-emotive agents consciously activate collective emotions via the nation’s collective memory. On the second, once the contents/imagery of the society’s subconscious are activated, the aroused emotions are nonconsciously experienced by the society. The paper offers a case study from the Lithuanian foreign policy: its relations with Russia. Discourse analysis of Lithuania-Russia relations, where President Dalia Grybauskaitė plays an active and important role in discourse formation, suggests that the formation of Lithuanian foreign policy, with regard to Russia, is affected by the emotion of fear.
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Lipp, Marilda Emmanuel Novaes, Flavio Eitor Barbieri, Leonel Santánna, Ana Paula Justo, Ana Carolina Cabral, Flavia Urbini dos Santos, Sabrina Gallo, and Leeka Kheifets. "Perception of risk from electric and magnetic fields: Stress effects and psychological aspects." Estudos de Psicologia (Campinas) 30, no. 4 (December 2013): 497–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-166x2013000400003.
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The present study aimed to investigate the perception of risk in the Brazilian population related to electric and magnetic fields. Six hundred adults were recruited from the surrounding communities. Three hundred of them lived in large cities and an equal number lived in small towns. A short questionnaire was constructed to assess risk perception, trust in government to control risk exposure, level of comfort with exposure to extra-low-frequency electromagnetic fields, measures perceived as necessary to reduce emotional discomfort, and trust in the regulatory agencies. The Lipp Inventory of Stress Symptoms for Adults was applied to assess stress levels. Findings indicate that the majority of the participants in this study did not trust the Government to provide protective measures from exposure to electric and magnetic fields, did not trust the regulatory agencies, felt that there is no adequate risk control and thought about it frequently, and some felt that line installations were being performed in excess and that this should be stopped. Results endorse the need for risk education and indicate that risk perception and feelings should be considered before starting new line installations. Risk communication should incorporate knowledge regarding social cognition since a large proportion of the people were concerned about electric and magnetic fields. Lack of communication can lead to a rejection of necessary transmission line installation, and to unnecessary or exaggerated fear.
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Patrakeeva, Evgenia Mikhailovna, Mariia Nikolayevna Dunicheva, and Alsu Gafurovna Zalevskaya. "Fear of hypoglycaemia in patients with type 1 diabetes." Diabetes mellitus 17, no. 2 (May 9, 2014): 66–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/dm2014266-75.
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Independently of causes and risk factors of hypoglycaemia, its manifestations are always unfavourable and evoke fear and other negative emotions that lead to negative consequences connected with quality of diabetes control. The fear of hypoglycaemia creates an internal conflict by diminishing patients? motivation to adhere to intensive treatment regimes. In addition to the severity of hypoglycaemia and its negative consequences, quality of life is one of the main criteria for evaluating the physical, psychological and social components of patient's life as a whole. Fear of hypoglycaemia is one of the most important factors; it either directly or indirectly affects quality of life and influences all aspects of the patient's life. Fear of hypoglycaemia is also a source of anxiety for the patient's relatives, causing damage to their familial and social relations. The negative consequences of hypoglycaemia can affect the relationship between spouses, as well as between parents and children with type 1 diabetes. The qualitative and quantitative data demonstrate that non-severe nocturnal hypoglycaemia causes more anxiety and fear in patients than daytime hypoglycaemia does. To quantify the fear of hypoglycaemia in adults with type 1 diabetes, the hypoglycaemia fear scale (HFS) was developed and still is the most commonly used instrument. To assess the fear of hypoglycaemia in children and their parents, the HFS scale was adapted to be used in the paediatric population: HFS for parents (PHFS) and HFS for children (CHFS). From a clinical point of view, these scales for measuring the level of fear of hypoglycaemia may be useful for monitoring adult patients and families who may need additional support, training or assistance in dealing with issues related to hypoglycaemia. The methods for regulating the fear of hypoglycaemia range from behavioural to pharmaceutical and surgical ones, and include a broad range of activities. Nevertheless, the problem remains quite relevant today and an integral approach for solving this problem, both by the physician and by the patient, should be used. Proper assessment of the patient's level of anxiety, impact of the fear of hypoglycaemia on his or her social life, awareness of the possible psychological consequences of this problem may positively affect both the behaviour and mood of the patient, and the opportunity to achieve better glycaemic control.
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Rudnick, Lois P., and Alison M. Heru. "The ‘secret’ source of ‘female hysteria’: the role that syphilis played in the construction of female sexuality and psychoanalysis in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries." History of Psychiatry 28, no. 2 (February 1, 2017): 195–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0957154x17691472.
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In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the unspoken fear of syphilis played a significant role in the development of beliefs about female sexuality. Many women were afraid of sexual relationships with men because they feared contracting syphilis, which was, at that time, untreatable. Women also feared passing this disease on to their children. Women’s sexual aversion, or repression, became a focus for Freud and his colleagues, whose theory of psychosexual development was based on their treatment of women. This article examines the case of Dora, the memoirs of Mabel Dodge Luhan and other sources to argue that the fear of syphilis was a significant factor in upper- and middle-class women’s avoidance of heterosexual relationships. The fear of syphilis, in turn, became a significant factor in the psychoanalytic construction of female sexuality. The social suppression of the fear of syphilis has had a profound impact on theories of women’s development. The implication for psychiatry is that our models of psychological development occur within a sociocultural milieu and cannot escape suppressed aspects of our culture.
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Farchakh, Youssef, Rabih Hallit, Marwan Akel, Clarissa Chalhoub, Maria Hachem, Souheil Hallit, and Sahar Obeid. "Nomophobia in Lebanon: Scale validation and association with psychological aspects." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (April 20, 2021): e0249890. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0249890.
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Objectives Nomophobia, an abbreviation of “No mobile phone phobia”, is characterized by the illogical fear of being detached from the mobile phone or unable to use it. Research have provided evidence of an association between increased cellular phone use and multiple health issues, such as anxiety, depression, insomnia, and others. To our knowledge, there are no Lebanese studies about nomophobia, despite the high incorporation rate of mobile phones in Lebanon and the likelihood of suffering from anxiety, depression, and other conditions due to nomophobic attitudes. The study objectives were to validate and confirm psychometric properties of the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q) and examine the associations between particular psychological conditions (anxiety, depression, stress, insomnia and impulsivity) and nomophobia among a representative sample of Lebanese people. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out between January and July 2019. It enrolled 2260 residents of the community randomly selected from Lebanon’s Mohafazat. Two villages per sub-district and households from each village were chosen using a random sampling technique. A questionnaire was distributed randomly to the households. SPSS version 25 was used to perform the statistical analysis. A multinomial regression was computed taking the nomophobia categories as the dependent variable (and taking the absence of nomophobia as the reference category) and all variables that showed a significant association in the bivariate analysis as independent variables. Results A total of 2260 (80.71%) out of 2800 questionnaires distributed was collected back. The mean age of the participants was 27.98 ± 9.66 years (58.8% females). Moreover, the mean nomophobia score was 71.56 ± 26.92 (median = 71; minimum = 14; maximum = 140). The results showed that 46 (2.0%) had no nomophobia, 769 (34.1%) mild nomophobia [95% CI 0.322–0.361], 1089 (48.3%) moderate nomophobia [95% CI 0.463–0.504] and 349 (15.5%) severe nomophobia [95% CI 0.140–0.170]. Items of the nomophobia scale converged over a solution of three factors that had an Eigenvalue over 1 (Factor 1 = emotions associated to losing connectedness, Factor 2 = not being able to communicate, Factor 3 = not being able to access information; total variance explained = 66.65%, and Cronbach’s alpha = 0.948). The results of a multinomial regression, taking the nomophobia score as the dependent variable, showed that higher age was significantly associated with lower odds of having mild (aOR = 0.97), moderate (aOR = 0.93) and severe (aOR = 0.97) nomophobia respectively. Higher anxiety (aOR = 1.09) and higher insomnia (aOR = 1.04) were significantly associated with higher odds of having severe nomophobia. Conclusion The results suggest a positive correlation between nomophobia and psychological conditions. There is a need for longitudinal and prospective studies that furnish information with regards of the impact of time on the variables measured, in order to better understand the nature, causes, and attributes of nomophobia.
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Thomtén, Johanna, and Andreas Karlsson. "Psychological factors in genital pain: The role of fear-avoidance, pain catastrophizing and anxiety sensitivity among women living in Sweden." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 5, no. 3 (July 1, 2014): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2014.01.003.
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AbstractObjectivesOne in five women under the age of 30 report recurrent genital pain and pain during sexual intercourse. Female genital pain negatively affects sexual and general health, as well as dyadic function and quality of life. Although the current field of research and clinical expertise in general agree upon a biopsychosocial conceptualization, there is still a lack of theoretical models describing the psychosocial mechanisms involved in the development of genital pain. Originally developed to outline the transition from acute to chronic back pain, the fear avoidance (FA) model has lately been proposed as a possible tool in illustrating the mechanisms involved in genital pain. However, only few studies have empirically tested the components of the FA model empirically. The aim of the present study is to examine fear avoidance beliefs, pain catastrophizing, and symptoms of depression and anxiety among women reporting genital pain, and to relate these concepts to sexual satisfaction/function and the characteristics of pain.MethodsThe study was a population-based study using a postal questionnaire administered to 4052 women (age 18–35). Of these 944 (response rate: 23%) took part in the study.ResultsGenital pain of six months duration was reported by 16.1% of the women. Women with pain reported elevated levels of symptoms of anxiety, fear avoidance beliefs, pain catastrophizing and anxiety sensitivity. Symptoms of anxiety also predicted pain in the explanatory model together with vaginal tension and fungal infection. Vaginal tension has previously been described as a fear-response to painful intercourse and the results thereby seem to give further support to viewing genital pain from a fear avoidance perspective. Furthermore, fear avoidance beliefs seem to be of similar importance as lack of desire for the experience of sexual satisfaction and could also predict pain during specific activities among women with pain. The results also indicate that sexual satisfaction is related to a specific pain-related fear, rather than a heightened level of general anxiety.ConclusionsThe study had a low response rate, but still indicates that genital pain is common and is associated with several aspects of fear and avoidance. In sum, the results support the FA model by giving strong support for fear reactions (vaginal tension) and fear avoidance beliefs, and moderate support for negative affect. In the model negative affect drives pain catastrophizing.ImplicationsIt seems that the experience of genital pain among women in the general population is common and could be associated with increased levels of anxiety and fear-avoidance beliefs. However, the associations should not be understood in isolation from physiological mechanisms but seem to indicate interactions between, e.g. fungal infections, negative appraisals of pain and symptoms, lack of sexual function and satisfaction and increased pain experience. It is possible that psychological mechanisms work in the transition from acute physiological pain to chronic psychologically maintained pain in terms of secondary reactions to, e.g. repeated fungal infections by adding emotional distress, fear of pain and avoidance behaviours.
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FREEDMAN, JEFFREY. "THE DANGERS WITHIN: FEARS OF IMPRISONMENT IN ENLIGHTENMENT FRANCE." Modern Intellectual History 14, no. 2 (January 14, 2016): 339–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244315000463.
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This article examines the changing nature of fear in Enlightenment France. While the growing power of the absolutist state reduced many traditional sources of insecurity, fears of state power proliferated during the eighteenth century, prompting leading figures of the French Enlightenment to turn their attention to the problem of political fear: its sources, its effects, and the means for overcoming it. One of the unifying aspects of the Enlightenment was its commitment to reducing the burden of fear in human existence. From that standpoint, however, political fear posed a particular challenge since the objects on which it focused could not be dismissed as purely imaginary. Unlike such traditional religious terrors as hell, purgatory, and the Devil, police agents, police spies, and prisons really existed. And yet political fears too were mediated—and magnified—by collective imaginaries. The fear of imprisonment stands out as a key example of such a phenomenon. Best-selling prison memoirs published in the early 1780s sought to mobilize public opinion againstlettres de cachet(administrative arrest warrants) by evoking the horrors of imprisonment, and especially its psychological torments: solitude, tedium, uncertainty about the future, and the looming threat of insanity. In these works, prisoners inhabit a separate self-contained world, helpless before the omnipotent will of their jailers, who rule over them like “oriental despots.” The wide dissemination of terrifying images of the prison contributed to building the public pressure for the abolition oflettres de cachetduring the Revolution, but the enormous commercial success of the memoirs suggests that some readers found the depictions of life behind prison walls darkly fascinating as well as terrifying. Much the same could be said of readers’ responses to the exposés of Revolutionary prisons published after Thermidor, the Gothic novels of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, and the fictional universe of the Marquis de Sade, all of which drew heavily on the carceral imaginary invented under the Old Regime.
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Belfiore, Elizabeth. "Pleasure, Tragedy and Aristotelian Psychology." Classical Quarterly 35, no. 2 (December 1985): 349–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838800040222.
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Aristotle'sRhetoricdefines fear as a kind of pain (lypē) or disturbance (tarachē) and pity as a kind of pain (2.5.1382 a 21 and 2.8.1385 b 13). In hisPoetics, however, pity and fear are associated with pleasure: ‘ The poet must provide the pleasure that comes from pity and fear by means of imitation’ (τ⋯ν ⋯π⋯ ⋯λέου κα⋯ ɸόβου δι⋯ μιμήσεως δεῖ ⋯δον⋯ν παρασκευάζειν14.1453 b 12–13). The question of the relationship between pleasure and pain in Aristotle's aesthetics has been studied primarily in connection withcatharsis.Catharsis, however, raises more problems than it solves. Aristotle says nothing at all about the tragiccatharsisin thePoeticsexcept to state that tragedy accomplishes it. Though he gives a more complete account ofcatharsisin thePolitics, the context of this passage is so different from that of thePoeticsthat its relevance is questionable. A more promising, but largely neglected, approach to Aristotle's theory of tragic pleasure and pain is through a study of his psychological works. Here, Aristotle describes a number of emotional and cognitive responses to kinds of objects that include works of art. These descriptions support an interpretation of thePoeticsaccording to which (1) a tragedy is pleasurable in one respect and painful in another, and (2) pity and fear, though painful and not in themselves productive of pleasure, are nevertheless essential to the production of theoikeia hēdonē, ‘proper pleasure’, of tragedy. This interpretation has the advantage of not depending on a particular view ofcatharsis. It also makes much better sense than alternative views, once its seemingly paradoxical aspects are explained with the help of the psychological works.
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Popova, Nina V., Anna V. Gavrilova, Anna V. Kuzmina, and Elizaveta L. Popova. "Psychological features of listening comprehension of English-language video materials by technical university students in flipped classroom mode." Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities, no. 185 (2020): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-0201-2020-25-185-41-55.
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Listening comprehension, as the most challenging receptive aspect of learning a foreign language at a technical university, is considered. It is noted that in addition to linguistic difficulties, students experience such psychological difficulties as a lack of recipient’s own perceptual experience, uncomfortable perception conditions, anxiety and fear of failure to perform this type of speech activity. It is shown that the perceptual activity of students, aimed at the auditory perception of English discourse, is naturally included in the most relevant students’ communicative competence. The study is aimed at considering psychological and pedagogical aspects in teaching ordinary listening comprehension without a video sequence and with the use of video materials. We reveal the advantages of using video materials that contribute to the creation of psychologically comfortable conditions for students in the educational process. Opinion analysis of first-year students of the St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications on conducting listening comprehension in regular and flipped classroom modes is presented: it turns out that most students prefer to perform listening practice at home. We describe the audiovisual technology of advanced independent work on listening comprehension to professionally oriented video materials using the electronic resources VideoAnt, Mindmeister, LMS MOODLE. An advertising film of the computer company CISCO (USA) was used as video course basis, with its subject fully corresponding to the “Service” programme of St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications.
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Yan, Liu, and A. Massanov. "The Problem of Examination of Psychological Barriers of Younger Teenagers Creative Skills Development in Conditions of Recreation." Herald of Kiev Institute of Business and Technology 39, no. 1 (March 28, 2019): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.37203/kibit.2019.39.15.
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The article is devoted to the discovery of the problem of diagnosing psychological barriers in the development of creative abilities in younger teenagers in a recreational institution. The author argues that the wellness period in children's recreational facilities is the most favourable period for the development of creativity in younger adolescents, as they get new experiences in a new environment, they become more independent and active communication allows them to reveal their personality fully. It is during the holidays that the number of regulations decreases, and more conditions are created to stimulate the creative development of the child. In the article are presented the views of different scientists on the definition of the concepts of "barrier", "psychological barrier", "creative abilities", examined the types of psychological barriers in creative activity. Accordingly, it has been found that sufficient material has been accumulated in psychology to study psychological barriers to creative activity, reflecting various aspects of this topic, but the problem of diagnosing these barriers in adolescence has not been fully addressed. Therefore, as part of the study developed a questionnaire diagnosed with psychological barriers in the development of creative abilities of younger adolescents, taking into account the conditions of children in the recreational facility. Thus, it was found that the younger adolescents are dominated by a moderate degree of expressiveness of psychological barriers, the most pronounced is "self-doubt", "limited opportunities", "no interest", "uncertainty of self-interest", "fear of making a mistake", "fear of the difficulty." It has also been found that younger teenagers have such personality traits as obstacles to self-expression and the use of non-standard solutions as timidity, anxiety, and self-doubt. These traits are the conditions for the emergence of psychological barriers in the situation of involving children in creative activities in order to develop their creative abilities.
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Barbus, Elena, Claudiu Pestean, Maria Iulia Larg, Katalin Gabora, Eduard-Alexandru Bonci, Claudiu Badulescu, and Andra Piciu. "Psychological impact of 131I radioprotection measures on thyroid cancer patients." Medicine and Pharmacy Reports 91, no. 4 (October 30, 2018): 441–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15386/cjmed-1042.
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Background and aims. It is very well know nowadays that despite all the good and qualitative information available, the patients who are supposed to be treated with radioiodine for differentiated thyroid cancer suffer from a lot of concerns prior the treatment. The aim of our study is to investigate the level of anxiety and lessening of the concerns pre and post RIT (radioiodine therapy) using a dedicated, special designed questionnaire.Methods. A cross-sectional study of 54 differentiated thyroid cancer patients was conducted. Patients who met the inclusion criteria were invited to complete the radioprotection questionnaire pre and post RIT. The questionnaire comprises two sections (pre and post radioiodine treatment) with specific questions regarding aspects of radioprotection measures and the impact on the overall well-being. For uniform distribution of variables we used Pearson correlation and for monotonic relationship between variables, Spearman correlation.Results. The pre-treatment questionnaire reported a strong confidence of the patients in the medical team, good and accurate information regarding the treatment, >50 % suffering from anxiety and concerns before the radioiodine treatment. The post treatment questionnaire revealed no fear of isolation, a lot of useful information and most of the patients would undergo another treatment, if necessary and also recommend it to others. Conclusion. The milestone in having a good and compliant patient remains a very good communication between the medical team and the patient. We are able to influence and change things and have fewer patients with fear from radioactivity and treatment concerns if we dedicate enough time to give them the adequate information in the best way so it will be correctly received.
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van Beek, M. H., R. C. Oude Voshaar, G. Pop, and A. E. Speckens. "Aspects of cardiac anxiety in patients with a myocardial infarction." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S152. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.276.
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IntroductionWhen the heart is in danger – as is true during a myocardial infarction (MI) – this is life-threatening and as such can provoke specific fear: so-called cardiac anxiety. Both general anxiety and depression are associated with cardiac prognosis in MI-patients. However, as most treatment studies have not shown beneficial effects on cardiac prognosis, the need to examine specific aspects of anxiety and depression post-MI has been advocated.MethodsWe examined whether cardiac anxiety can be reliably assessed with the Cardiac Anxiety Questionnaire (CAQ) in 237 hospitalized MI-patients. Cross-sectional associations were explored, as well as possible trajectories of cardiac anxiety in the year post-MI (by latent class-analysis) and its association with quality of life. Finally, the prognostic association of cardiac anxiety with major adverse cardiac events (MACE) including all-cause mortality was examined with cox-regression-survival analysis.ResultsThe CAQ is a valid and reliable instrument in MI-patients and assessed fear, attention, avoidance of physical exercise, and safety-seeking behavior. Higher cardiac anxiety was associated with more psychological distress but lower severity in cardiac injury. In the year post-MI four cardiac anxiety trajectories were identified; higher cardiac anxiety was associated with worse quality of life. CAQ score significantly predicted MACE in a five-year-follow-up period, even after adjustment for age, cardiac disease severity and depressive symptoms (HRbaseline: 1.60 [95% CI: 1.05–2.45], P = 0.029; HR3-months: 1.71 [0.99–2.59]; P = 0.054).ConclusionCardiac anxiety is an important and potentially modifiable factor in the treatment of MI-patients: it is prevalent and associated with quality of life and cardiac prognosis.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Vutescu, Emil Stefan, Sebastian Orman, Edgar Garcia-Lopez, Justin Lau, Andrew Gage, and Aristides I. Cruz. "Psychological and Social Components of Recovery Following Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in Young Athletes: A Narrative Review." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 17 (September 2, 2021): 9267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179267.
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Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is a common injury in young athletes. To restore knee stability and function, patients often undergo ACL reconstruction (ACLR). Historically, there has been a focus in this population on the epidemiology of ACL injury, the technical aspects of ACL reconstruction, and post-operative functional outcomes. Although increasingly recognized as an important aspect in recovery, there remains limited literature examining the psychological aspects of post-operative rehabilitation and return to play following youth ACL reconstruction. Despite technical surgical successes and well-designed rehabilitation programs, many athletes never reach their preinjury athletic performance level and some may never return to their primary sport. This suggests that other factors may influence recovery, and indeed this has been documented in the adult literature. In addition to restoration of functional strength and stability, psychological and social factors play an important role in the recovery and overall outcome of ACL injuries in the pediatric population. Factors such as psychological readiness to return-to-play (RTP), motivation, mood disturbance, locus of control, recovery expectations, fear of reinjury, and self-esteem are correlated to the RTP potential of the young athlete. A better understanding of these concepts may help to maximize young patients’ outcomes after ACL reconstruction. The purpose of this article is to perform a narrative review of the current literature addressing psychosocial factors associated with recovery after ACL injury and subsequent reconstruction in young athletes. Our goal is to provide a resource for clinicians treating youth ACL injuries to help identify patients with maladaptive psychological responses after injury and encourage a multidisciplinary approach when treating young athletes with an ACL rupture.
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Townsell, Ania, Eric B. Vogel, and Alvin McLean. "Black Men’s Experience of Police Harassment: A Descriptive Phenomenological Study." Journal of Phenomenological Psychology 52, no. 1 (August 12, 2021): 96–117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691624-12341385.
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Abstract The Black community has a long, well-documented history of being disproportionately harassed by law enforcement. While psychological research has studied this phenomenon, more in-depth research on Black men’s lived-experience of police harassment is needed. This qualitative study used descriptive phenomenology to investigate Black men’s experience of being harassed by law enforcement officers. An analysis of non-structured interviews with a sample of four participants revealed several essential aspects of this experience, including: anxiety in response to the initial awareness of law enforcement’s presence, fear and confusion in response to abrupt escalation of aggression and hostility by officers, a sense of humiliation in response to degrading police tactics, anger over inability to pursue redress through the justice system, ongoing negative emotion, and a sense of having been psychologically harmed by the harassment. The implications of the findings are discussed.
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Chien, Jui-Hong, Luana Colloca, Anna Korzeniewska, Timothy J. Meeker, O. Joe Bienvenu, Mark I. Saffer, and Fred A. Lenz. "Behavioral, Physiological and EEG Activities Associated with Conditioned Fear as Sensors for Fear and Anxiety." Sensors 20, no. 23 (November 26, 2020): 6751. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20236751.
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Anxiety disorders impose substantial costs upon public health and productivity in the USA and worldwide. At present, these conditions are quantified by self-report questionnaires that only apply to behaviors that are accessible to consciousness, or by the timing of responses to fear- and anxiety-related words that are indirect since they do not produce fear, e.g., Dot Probe Test and emotional Stroop. We now review the conditioned responses (CRs) to fear produced by a neutral stimulus (conditioned stimulus CS+) when it cues a painful laser unconditioned stimulus (US). These CRs include autonomic (Skin Conductance Response) and ratings of the CS+ unpleasantness, ability to command attention, and the recognition of the association of CS+ with US (expectancy). These CRs are directly related to fear, and some measure behaviors that are minimally accessible to consciousness e.g., economic scales. Fear-related CRs include non-phase-locked phase changes in oscillatory EEG power defined by frequency and time post-stimulus over baseline, and changes in phase-locked visual and laser evoked responses both of which include late potentials reflecting attention or expectancy, like the P300, or contingent negative variation. Increases (ERS) and decreases (ERD) in oscillatory power post-stimulus may be generalizable given their consistency across healthy subjects. ERS and ERD are related to the ratings above as well as to anxious personalities and clinical anxiety and can resolve activity over short time intervals like those for some moods and emotions. These results could be incorporated into an objective instrumented test that measures EEG and CRs of autonomic activity and psychological ratings related to conditioned fear, some of which are subliminal. As in the case of instrumented tests of vigilance, these results could be useful for the direct, objective measurement of multiple aspects of the risk, diagnosis, and monitoring of therapies for anxiety disorders and anxious personalities.
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Damulin, I. V., and M. V. Tardov. "Falls in the elderly due to vestibular dysfunction: clinical and pathogenetic aspects." Medical Journal of the Russian Federation 26, no. 2 (August 19, 2020): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0869-2106-2020-26-2-98-103.
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This article discusses the clinical features and causes of falls in the elderly due to vestibular dysfunction. The sociomedical significance of this problem is emphasized. Almost 50% of older people who have suffered repeated falls have a restriction of physical activity because of psychological reasons (fear of repeated falls). The most common cause of falls is balance disorders, and the corresponding complaint in patients with falls is vertigo. The description of peripheral and central forms of vertigo is provided. The clinical and pathogenetic aspects of these disorders are considered. It emphasizes that research conducted in recent years using methods of functional neuroimaging has significantly advanced our understanding of the mechanisms of functioning of the vestibular system, especially its central parts. Based on the results of studies aimed at studying the human connectome in patients with cochleovestibular disorders, the significance of multimodal sensory integration disorders with this pathology is shown.
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Pisaric, Maja, and Sanja Nisevic. "Anxiety sensitivity in adolescents with somatoform autonomic dysfunction and adolescents with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus." Medical review 64, no. 7-8 (2011): 373–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns1108373p.
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Anxiety sensitivity is defined as a belief that anxiety or fear may cause illness, embarrassment, or additional anxiety. The main purpose of this study was to find out if there were differences among adolescents with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, adolescents with somatoform autonomic dysfunction and their healthy peers in different aspects of psychological functioning and anxiety sensitivity. The sample consisted of 93 subjects, aged 12 to 16. Hamburg Neuroticism and Extraversion Scale, Child Behaviour Checklist and Childhood Anxiety Sensitivity Index were administrated. The adolescents with somatoform autonomic dysfunction had significantly higher scores on neuroticism scale, different Child Behaviour Checklist subscales, and on anxiety sensitivity. Both groups with diagnosed illness had lower scores on extraversion scale compared to healthy peers. This study has shown that the adolescents with somatoform autonomic dysfunction are more prone to fears regarding bodily functioning, and that they are at a higher risk of developing an anxiety disorder.
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Gordon, T. S. "Fairy-tale therapy as a way to combat phobias." Vestnik Universiteta, no. 10 (December 11, 2020): 169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2020-10-169-172.
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The article considers the fairy-tale therapy as one of the most effective methods to combat phobias and anxiety in primary school age. The author analyses the main aspects of the fairy-tale work, studies its forms, provides examples of creative thinking of primary school pupils, helping to overcome fear and anxiety. Connecting the mind and imagination of a younger schoolboy, the fairy tale helps him find ways and ways to get rid of phobias, aggression and anxiety. The article considers the fairy tale as a tool that presents algorithms for solving specific problems or conflict situations, the consequences of circumstances with a concentrated component of low-frequency emotions, as well as a way to give strength to further fight against fears or even annihilating them. The paper also reviews four types of fairy tales used in therapeutic activities with younger pupils, which have a different mechanism of psychological influence.
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Hadadi, Mohammad, Farzaneh Heghighat, and Iman Hossein. "Comparison of Health-Related Quality of Life in Different Types of Chronic Ankle Instability." Physikalische Medizin, Rehabilitationsmedizin, Kurortmedizin 30, no. 04 (March 19, 2020): 230–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1128-6424.
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Abstract Introduction People with chronic ankle instability (CAI) have decreased health-related quality of life (HRQOL), but the differences in HRQOL status between subgroups of CAI have not been determined. This observational, cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate and compare physical, social and psychological aspects of HRQOL in subgroups of patients with CAI. Methods Ninety patients with CAI and 30 healthy participants were included. The patients were assigned to 3 subgroups with functional ankle instability (FAI), mechanical ankle instability (MAI), or mixed functional and mechanical instability (MIX), based on the talar tilt test, anterior drawer test, and Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool score. Participants completed the self-assessed Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM), Tampa Scale of Kinesophobia-11 (TSK-11), Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ), and Short-Form Health Survey (SF‑36). Results Significant differences were observed between healthy participants and each CAI subgroup in regional (FAAM), psychological (TSK-11 and FABQ) and global (SF-36) measures (p<0,05). The MIX subgroup had a significantly lower score on the FAAM-sport component, and a higher score on the TSK-11 and FABQ (p<0,05), than the FAI subgroup. There were no diffirences between other CAI subgroups in quality of life measures. Conclusions Patients with MAI and FAI had similar functional deficits in activities of daily living and sport activities, and greater fear of re-injury. The MIX subgroup had greater deficits in sport activities and greater fear of re-injury than the FAI subgroup.
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Newton, Nicky J. "OLDER WOMEN'S EXPERIENCES OF AGING: THE PHYSICAL, THE PSYCHOLOGICAL, AND THE SOCIAL." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S212—S213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.777.
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Abstract According to the life course perspective (Settersten, 2003), major life transitions are embedded in contexts shaped by personal history and social circumstances “as natural as the changing seasons” (Miller, 2010, p.663). Aging itself is perhaps the epitome of all transitions: a relatively measured movement through a series of situations, conditions, and social roles (Hettich, 2010); a transition that particularly lends itself to a life course approach. In this qualitative interview study, 37 women (Mage = 72.27) responded to questions regarding their experiences of the physical, psychological and social aspects of aging. While themes of inevitability and physical health were evident, the highly-personalized nature of aging was also underscored through individual themes of invisibility, freedom from expectations, fear of cognitive decline, and the quality and maintenance of friendships. Similarities and differences in women’s experience of aging are compared; the need to contextualize aging within the life course is discussed.
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Norkina, I. "PSYCHOLOGICAL DISADAPTATION AS A CAUSE OF DISSATISFACTION WITH SEXUAL LIFE." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series “Psychology”, no. 2 (9) (2018): 52–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/bsp.2018.2(9).13.
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The article presents the view on the problem of psychological maladaptation as a factor of dissatisfaction with sexual life, which is manifested in the disclosure of the data of the concepts, descriptions and characteristic features that are manifested in these concepts. The psychological aspects of the manifestation of psychological maladaptation and sexual dissatisfaction are revealed, and an empirical study of the relationship between psychological maladaptation and sexual dissatisfaction was conducted. Sexual and psychological relationships are caused by a determinant relationship (have their internal causes and external effects), this in turn indicates that sex life has an impact on interpersonal, intimate relationships among partners, and can also serve as a cause of the psychological defining of the individual. An important aspect was the sexual satisfaction with its physiological and psychological components, and the special role of various manifestations of feelings (mood, anxiety, emotions, stresses) on the sexual function of the individual was proved. The result of the study is the significance of the statistical relationship between psychological maladaptation and sexual dissatisfaction. This means that the psychological state of a person has a great influence on sexual life and vice versa, the sexual sphere of human life provides a certain amount of filling and general mental background state of personality in any life situations. With the help of theoretical and empirical analysis we received the following results: high indicators of sexual satisfaction and realized evidence of the ability of a person to feel pleasure during sexual intercourse, to control their own sexual behavior In accordance with the norms of social and personal ethics. Such a person is free of fear, a sense of shame and guilt, false representations and other psychological factors that inhibit sexual response and violate sexual relations.
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Boukamcha, Fayçal. "Situational and personality effects on smokers’ psychological reactance." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing 10, no. 4 (November 7, 2016): 432–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijphm-10-2015-0052.
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Purpose This paper aims to investigate the situational and personal aspects that may trigger smokers’ psychological state reactance. It was hypothesized that situational factors, such as perceived threat to freedom and perceived loss of control, which are supposed to be triggered by an anti-smoking persuasive message, and a personality pattern, such as trait reactance proneness, predict the psychological state reactance. Design/methodology/approach An experiment and a survey were conducted on a random sample of 246 smoking undergraduate students in two Tunisian business schools. Four anti-smoking print ads, with two different levels of negative emotional intensity, were manipulated. Findings The findings depict the importance of the anti-smoking ads with a high negative emotional intensity, the perceived threat to freedom and trait reactance proneness in the smokers’ psychological reactance prediction. Originality/value This work seems to be important to the extent that few works have combined situational and dispositional factors to explain the smokers’ psychological reactance. The findings in this paper seem interesting insofar as they show the importance of the personality factor and the fear appeal in triggering smokers’ anger and negative cognitions that lead, in turn, to the arousal of psychological reactance. This paper should be of interest to readers in the areas of health communication, social psychology and social marketing.
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Khotimah, Fitriana Khusnul, Dini Rakhmawati, and Chr Argo Widiharto. "Pengalaman Seks Pranikah : Studi Fenomenologis Pada Mahasiswa." Indonesian Journal of Guidance and Counseling: Theory and Application 8, no. 2 (December 30, 2019): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/ijgc.v8i2.35729.
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Penelitian ini didasari oleh adanya perubahan konsep seks normatif menuju konsep seks modern, yang menjadikan seks pranikah dikalangan mahasiswa di kota Semarang semakin marak. Mahasiswa yang telah melakukan hubungan seks pranikah memiliki pengalaman psikologis yang berbeda seperti perasaan bersalah, takut ditinggalkan pasangannya dan menganggap perilaku tersebut sudah biasa, perbedaan tersebut menjadi menarik untuk diketahui. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan Interpretative Penomenological Analysis (IPA). Pengumpulan data menggunakan wawancara mendalam terhadap 5 partisipan yang terdiri dari 2 pria dan 3 wanita. Pengalaman seks pranikah pertama mahasiswa dapat diidentifikasi ada 3 aspek yaitu aspek psikologis, aspek fisik, dan aspek moral. Pada aspek moral terdapat kesamaan pada partisipan laki-laki dan wanita yaitu muncul perasaan bersalah karena telah mengingkari kepercayaan orang tua, perasaan berdosa kepada Tuhan. Pada aspek psikologis, partisipan pria merasa seks merupakan pencapaian prestasi, dan petualangan. Partisipan wanita menganggap seks adalah luapan emosional akan keinginan yang terpendam. Seks bagi partisipan laki-laki membuat badan menjadi lebih segar, orgasme, dan otot-otot menjadi rileks setelah berhubungan seks, sedangkan pada partisipan wanita muncul rasa sakit dibagian vagina.
This research is based on a change in the concept of normative sex to the concept of modern sex, which makes premarital sex among students in the city of Semarang more widespread. Students who have had premarital sex have different psychological experiences such as feelings of guilt, fear of being abandoned by their partners and consider such behaviors to be normal, these differences become interesting to know. The research method used is qualitative research with the Interpretative Penomenological Analysis (IPA) approach. Data collected in-depth interviews with 5 participants consisting of 2 men and 3 women. The first premarital sex experience of students can be identified as 3 aspects, namely psychological aspects, physical aspects, and moral aspects. In the moral aspect, there are similarities in male and female participants, which was a feeling of guilt because they have guilt the trust of parents, a feeling of sin in God. On the psychological aspect, male participants feel sex is an achievement and adventure. Female participants consider sex to be an emotional overflow of latent desires. Sex for male participants makes the body become fresher, orgasm, and relaxed, whereas female participants appear in the vaginal pain.
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Steven, J. Linton, Nina Buer, Lars Samuelsson, and Karin Harms-Ringdahl. "Pain-related fear, catastrophizing and pain in the recovery from a fracture." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2009.09.004.
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AbstractBackground and aimsPain-related fear and catastrophizing are prominently related to acute and persistent back pain, but little is known about their role in pain and function after a fracture. Since fractures have a clear etiology and time point they are of special interest for studying the process of recovery. Moreover, fracture injuries are interesting in their own right since patients frequently do not recover fully from them and relatively little is known about the psychological aspects. We speculated that catastrophizing and fear-avoidance beliefs might be associated with more pain and poorer recovery after an acute, painful fracture injury.MethodsTo this end we conducted a prospective cohort study recruiting 70 patients with fractures of the wrist or the ankle. Participants completed standardized assessments of fear, pain, catastrophizing, degree of self-rated recovery, mobility and strength within 24 h of injury, and at 3- and 9-month follow-ups. Participants were also categorized as having high or low levels of fear-avoidance beliefs by comparing their scores on the first two assessments with the median from the general population. To consolidate the data the categorizations from the two assessments were combined and patients could therefore have consistently high, consistently low, increasing, or decreasing levels.ResultsResults indicated that levels of fear-avoidance beliefs and catastrophizing were fairly low on average. At the first assessment 69% of the patients expected a full recovery within 6 months, but in fact only 29% were fully recovered at the 9-month follow-up. Similarly, comparisons between the affected and non-affected limb showed that 71% of those with a wrist fracture and 58% with an ankle fracture were not fully recovered on grip strength and heel-rise measures. Those classified as having consistently high or increasing levels of fear-avoidance beliefs had a substantially increased risk of more intense future pain (adjusted OR = 3.21). Moreover, those classified as having consistently high or increasing levels of catastrophizing had an increased risk for a less than full recovery of strength by almost six-fold (adjusted OR = 5.87).Conclusions and implications This is the first investigation to our knowledge where the results clearly suggest that fear and catastrophizing, especially when the level increases, may be important determinants of recovery after an acute, painful, fracture injury. These results support the fear-avoidance model and suggest that psychological factors need to be considered in the recovery process after a fracture.