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Kupietz, PhD, Kevin, and Lesley Gray, MPH. "Fear, history, stigma, and bias in the COVID-19 pandemic." Journal of Emergency Management 18, no. 7 (July 1, 2020): 177–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.0541.
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Introduction: The greatest enemy of a global pandemic is not the virus itself, but the fear, rumor, and stigma that envelopes people. This article explores the context and history of fear and stigma relating to pandemic, summarizing key actions to mitigate the harms during an active pandemic.Method: Our article draws from accounts in literature and journalist accounts documenting the relationship between infectious diseases and major disease outbreaks that have garnered fear and stigmatization. Results: Fear, stigma, and discrimination are not new concepts for pandemics. These social effects run the risk of diverting attention from the presenting disease and government responses. Reactions to fear, stigma, and discrimination risk sabotaging effective efforts to contain, manage, and eradicate the disease.Conclusion: Emergency managers have an important role in dispelling myths, disseminating appropriate and evidence-based information without exacerbating fears. Knowledge about the roots of fear and bias along with a good understanding of historical plagues and pandemics is vital to ensure those in the field of emergency management can effectively manage irrational fears.
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Mikhanova, Elizaveta V., and Nadezhda A. Tsvetkova. "Fears of 18–30-Year-Olds in Moscow and the Moscow Region in the Pandemic and Post-Pandemic Periods." Uchenye Zapiski RGSU 20, no. 1 (March 30, 2021): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17922/2071-5323-2021-20-1-85-95.
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The article contains the results of a study conducted at the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic (April-May 2020) and after the abolition of self-isolation (July-August 2020) with the participation of 80 residents of Moscow and the Moscow region who joined the VKontakte social network group (40 men and 40 women aged 18–30). Applied: 1) ISAS questionnaire Yu. Scherbatykh and E. Ivleva, with the help of which the hierarchical structure of the actual fears of the subjects was studied; 2) V. Levy’s method (C-test); 3) multidimensional functional diagnosis of fear (DS). It is shown that at the peak of the pandemic, the male and female samples were dominated by fears of the consequences of the illness of loved ones, the illness of loved ones, and getting sick. At the same time, men were diagnosed with more pronounced fears of responsibility, as well as fears related to sexual function, and aggression towards loved ones; the female sample was distinguished by fears of spiders and snakes, for the heart, “exams”, war, confined spaces, depth, and public speaking. After the lifting of the quarantine in the male and female samples in the hierarchy of fears continued to lead the same fear; the intensity of fears decreased in both samples, however, women were more severe than in men, with increased additional parameters experiences of fear; women found to have a high sensitivity to the parameter “Effects of fear” – they have longer to recover and enter into the usual rhythm of life after the alarming situations of everyday life. The three most “active” fears are noted, the study of which will contribute to this: 1) fear of getting sick; 2) fear of aggression in relationships with loved ones (especially important for young men); 3) mental instability.
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Tateo, Luca, Giuseppina Marsico, and Jaan Valsiner. "The Pandemic Atmos-Fear." International Perspectives in Psychology 11, no. 2 (April 2022): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2157-3891/a000041.
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Abstract. Psychology has been challenged by its own terminological limitations, in which phenomena of large-scale, field-like kind force us to innovate with our theoretical tools. Phenomena with global impacts – epidemics, pandemics, famines, and the like – remain on the periphery of psychology’s theoretical efforts. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 is no different. Like previous pandemics, it reveals the difficulty of dealing with phenomena on a global scale and understanding the inherent organization of the cloud-like phenomena. Psychological research has mainly focused on individual traumatic experiences, impacts, and consequences. Less attention has been paid to how people in different societies make meaning of these changes in everyday life. Psychologically, people want to control the pandemic, while in reality we simply escape from it. All of the measures instituted in response to it are escape-oriented, not glorious accounts of winning a war on the invisible enemy. Theoretically, we learn from the current experience the relevance of how humans escalate and circumvent the proliferation of the panic of fear through building and demolishing borders in mind and society. We all are living in a sort of atmos-fear, a culturally cultivated state of affective limbo that is easy to trigger and difficult to modulate. How do human beings deal with this core issue of feeling safe/unsafe, and how does it affect individual and collective conduct? This paper attempts to demonstrate how the COVID-19 example can theoretically illuminate new perspectives of international psychology that will become increasingly more crucial in a future where global events are likely to recur.
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Nefedova, Tetiana. "SPECIFIC WOMEN FEARS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC DEPENDING ON AGE AND HAVING CHILDREN." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Series “Psychology”, no. 1 (11) (2020): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/bsp.2020.1(11).9.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has changed the reality of Ukrainian women. Strong movement restriction, social isolation, the disinclination of the health care system have caused stress and intense emotional fear reaction for their lives and future, future and health of their relatives and children. A survey conducted in the UK has shown that men are more likely to get worse symptoms and die from COVID-19. Other researches, which took place in different countries around the world, have shown that women are more worried, anxious and scared about the consequences of the spread of the coronavirus. The article highlights the actual women's fears during the COVID-19 pandemic. It analyses the relationship of women's emotional state to different fears and state/trait anxiety. The aim of the article is to determine the influence of special terms during the COVID-19 pandemic on the intensity of women fears depending on age and having children. Participants (n=140) were asked to complete the Questionnaire of Actual Specific Fears (Ju. Shherbatyh), the Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the visual/verbal analogue fear ‘here and now' scale. The comparative analysis of two age-band groups has shown that there is no significant difference in the intensity of specific fears and anxiety for 25-44 and 45-60 age groups. It was found that women who have children are rather more worried about not getting ill with some disease, have much higher values of fear ‘here and now' and fear of heights as opposed to women who do not have children. The present study shows with what fears were women affected by during quarantine restrictions and the spread of the coronavirus. The article emphasizes the importance of the women psychological state, especially women who have children. It is obvious that additional researches are needed; they should explore specific fears connected with children and COVID-19. Further searches are seen in developing a system of psychological support for people who feel fear during the spread of different diseases and new probable pandemics.
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Ibrahim, Maria Salem, Hala Alibrahim, Abdullah Al Madani, Abdulaziz Alamri, Mohamed Bamashmous, and Abrar Tounsi. "Fear Factor in Seeking Dental Care among Saudis during COVID-19 Pandemic." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 20 (October 9, 2021): 10589. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182010589.
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The recent coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic led to major lifestyle changes. The present study sought to assess factors associated with fear to seek dental care during COVID-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. This cross-sectional study was conducted during the COVID-19 outbreak in 2020. An online questionnaire was filled by a convenient sample of adult Saudi residents through mobile instant messaging application. The following measures were collected: sociodemographic characteristics, fear of COVID-19 using validated Fears of Illness and Virus Evaluation scale, fear to seek dental care, perceived health status, and COVID-19 experience. There were 826 participants involved in this study (541 females and 285 males, mean age: 38.8 ± 13.29 years). Fear to seek dental care was significantly higher among females, younger age groups, people who perceived poor general and oral health, and people who perceived high risk of contracting the virus in dental clinics. After controlling for confounders, fear to seek dental care was significantly higher among the age group of 35–44 years, those who perceived high and moderate risk of COVID-19 infection in dental clinics, and among participants who reported untreated dental conditions. Fear that Others Get Sick, Fear of the Impact on Social Life, and Behaviors Related to Illness and Virus Fears were significantly associated with high levels of fear to seek dental care. Within the study’s limitations, fear of COVID-19 negatively impacted the study population’s willingness to seek dental treatment. Factors such as age, perceived risk of COVID-19 infection in dental clinics, and untreated dental conditions were associated with fear to seek dental care.
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Razaq, Samar. "Treating the pandemic of fear." British Journal of General Practice 70, no. 696 (June 25, 2020): 342. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp20x710501.
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Verma, Inder M. "SARS: Fear of global pandemic." Molecular Therapy 7, no. 6 (June 2003): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1525-0016(03)00158-8.
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Nakano, Atsuko, Akihiro Maeta, Yuri Takaoka, Keigo Saeki, Masaaki Hamada, Yukiko Hiraguchi, Tomoko Kawakami, et al. "Parents’ Fears about Hospital Visits and Trait Anxiety in the COVID-19 Pandemic." Healthcare 11, no. 8 (April 10, 2023): 1080. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11081080.
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Anxiety in parents of children with allergic diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic may impact hospital visits. This study explored the effect of the pandemic on parents’ fears about hospital visits and their relationship with their personality traits. A cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study was conducted between September 2020 and March 2021, with parents of children aged 0–15 years, who regularly visited 24 outpatient facilities for allergic disease. The survey included patient information, fears about hospital visits, desired information, and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Responses were compared between parents with high and low trait anxiety. The response rate was 97.6% (2439/2500). The most common fear was “Fear of getting medical care as usual (85.2%)” and “Fear of COVID-19 infection during hospital visits (87.1%)”. High trait anxiety showed a significant association with “Fear of worsening of children’s allergies” (adjusted OR: 1.31, 95%CI: 1.04 to 1.65, p = 0.022), and “Fear of worsening of COVID-19 due to allergy” (adjusted OR: 1.52, 95%CI: 1.27 to 1.80, p < 0.01). Healthcare professionals should share updates on COVID-19 and healthcare system to reduce parents’ fear. Subsequently, they should communicate the importance of continuing treatment to prevent worsening of COVID-19 and avoid emergency visits, considering parental trait anxiety.
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Susanti, Evi, Layla Hana Marisa, and Endri Endri. "Determinants of sustainable consumption: Moderating role of pandemic fear." Innovative Marketing 18, no. 4 (November 28, 2022): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/im.18(4).2022.11.
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The Covid-19 pandemic has caused consumers to fear and feel anxious about doing activities outside their homes, such as shopping. Thus, they switched to e-commerce for sustainable consumption. This study focuses on sustainable consumption represented with the variables of perceived effectiveness of e-commerce platform (PEEP), economic benefits, interactivity, and pandemic fear. This study uses the Uses and Gratification Theory (UGT) to determine consumer motivation and purchase intentions. It explores the relationship between PEEP, economic benefits, interactivity, and sustainable consumption, with pandemic fear as a moderating variable. The analysis was conducted from February to July 2021, with e-commerce being the object of study. The study uses purposive sampling based on the criteria of respondents who have made a transaction at least once in one of the marketplaces in Jakarta, Indonesia. An online survey was employed to test 95 respondents consisting of Millennials and Generation Z who are active e-commerce users in Indonesia. The moderated regression analysis (MRA) or interaction test was applied to analyze the data. The results of the study found that pandemic fear can moderate PEEP’s relationship with economic benefits and interactivity that can increase sustainable consumption. The research findings also prove that relying on interactivity in the buying process encourages them to use e-commerce. E-commerce can help consumers who are limited in making transactions due to fear of spreading the Covid-19 virus to fulfill sustainable consumption.
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Fino, Edita, Denis Mema, and Valbona Treska. "The Interpersonal Dimension of Pandemic Fear and the Dual-Factor Model of Mental Health: The Role of Coping Strategies." Healthcare 10, no. 2 (January 27, 2022): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10020247.
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(1) Background: Current COVID-19 research has mainly focused on negative outcomes associated with fear of the pandemic with the examination of potentially positive outcomes remaining underexplored. Based on the dual-factor model of mental health, which postulates positive and negative dimensions, we assessed the influence of COVID-19 fear on both negative and positive mental health outcomes and examined the mediational role of coping strategies. (2) Methods: A convenience sample of 231 respondents participated in an online survey reporting on measures of pandemic fear (SFS), distress (HADS), post-traumatic growth (PTGI) and individual differences in terms of coping strategies (CSI-SF). (3) Results: Respondents’ main concerns related with the pandemic highlighted the interpersonal and social dimensions implicated in fear of COVID-19. As expected, fear of the pandemic was associated not just with negative but also positive outcomes, while different coping strategies played a role in determining such effects. More specifically, disengagement coping mediated the effects of fear on anxiety and depression, whereas engagement coping was the only mediator of the relationship between COVID-19 fear and post-traumatic growth. (4) Conclusions: Approaches to promote psychological wellbeing in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic should on the one hand be sensitive to the needs of the more vulnerable population groups, while on the other leverage existing resources to harness the potential for growth. Strengthening engagement coping in the context of fears triggered by the pandemic may constitute a valuable target to protect against negative and optimize positive mental health outcomes in the general population.
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Bahadur, Anupama, Rajlaxmi Mundhra, Rupendra Kuncham, Jyotshna Kashibhatla, Neha Verma, and Jaya Chaturvedi. "Fear and concerns of women delivering during coronavirus pandemic." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 10, no. 1 (December 26, 2020): 330. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20205791.
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Literature is sparse regarding the fears and concerns of women delivering during COVID 19 pandemic. We interviewed 12 women delivering during the initial first week of lockdown period. There were three key concern of women- fear of being exposed at hospital, restricted number of hospital visitors made them confined and self-isolated thereby making them bored and frustrated, risk of baby being infected. Virtual communication through mobile was seen as a major support in all serving as a means of contact with their loved ones. Understanding a pregnant women’s concern and fear during this pandemic will enable a health care worker in better counselling.
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Kiyani, Amber, Syed Hamza Zia, Kanwal Sohail, Zarnab Rizwan, and Ghina Rizwan. "The Effect of Fear of COVID-19 on Dental Anxiety Levels." Journal of the Pakistan Dental Association 31, no. 02 (July 17, 2022): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.25301/jpda.312.95.
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OBJECTIVE: Dental anxiety can be adversely affected by pandemics like corona virus. Most patients have preferred to defer their dental appointments and that patients generally neglect their health in epidemics. The investigation was carried out to determine the effect of the current coronavirus pandemic on dental anxiety by comparing through and post 1st wave of pandemic dental anxiety scores. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was conducted on the Pakistani population using online surveys from June to August 2020. A total of 681 participants were recruited. Standardized and validated questionnaires were used to measure dental anxiety scores during and after the 2nd wave of pandemic. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 22. Independent t-test was used to compare dental anxiety scores through and after the 2nd wave of COVID-19. Fear of COVID-19 among the participants was also evaluated. RESULTS: From a total of 681 participants, 668 responses were retained in accordance to the inclusion criteria. A statistically significant difference was obtained regarding the dental anxiety levels during and after the 2nd wave of COVID-19 (p value =0.001). However, there was no significant difference between fear of COVID-19 scale and dental anxiety scores during COVID-19 (p value = 0.284). CONCLUSION: The coronavirus pandemic has demonstrated an adverse effect on patient dental anxiety scores. We also noted that the majority of the people were not willing to attend their dental appointment during this pandemic. KEYWORDS: COVID-19, coronavirus infection, dental anxiety, fear.
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Rohman, Mochamad Fatchur, and Purwanto Purwanto. "PENGARUH EFEKTIVITAS PLATFORM E-COMMERCE PADA MANFAAT EKONOMI DAN KEBERLANJUTAN KONSUMSI SELAMA PANDEMI COVID-19." IDEI: Jurnal Ekonomi & Bisnis 4, no. 2 (December 23, 2023): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.38076/ideijeb.v4i2.168.
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The study provided a systematic framework to examine the perceived effects of e-commerce platforms on economic benefits to predict continuous consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic. It used the use-and-gratification theory as the basis for a conceptual model by adding the limited state of fear of the COVID-19 pandemic as moderation. The study used the Partial Least Square method. A sample of 327 respondents who made transactions via e-commerce platforms was taken. Data were collected by using Google Forms. The results showed that online customers’ fear of the COVID-19 pandemic positively moderated the relationship between the effectiveness of e-commerce platforms and economic benefits. Secondly, online customers’ fear of the COVID-19 pandemic positively moderated the relationship between economic benefits and continuous consumption. Furthermore, the effectiveness of e-commerce platforms had a stronger effect on economic benefits when the fear of the COVID-19 pandemic was higher. This study found a moderating effect of fear of the COVID-19 pandemic on the relationship between the effectiveness of e-commerce platforms and economic benefits and continuous consumption. The higher the fear of the COVID-19 pandemic, the higher the perceived economic benefits of online shopping were. Furthermore, the higher the fear of the COVID-19 pandemic, the higher the need to shop continuously online was.Penelitian ini memberikan kerangka sistematis untuk menguji dampak yang dirasakan dari platform e-commerce terhadap manfaat ekonomi dalam memprediksi konsumsi berkelanjutan pada masa pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori use and gratification sebagai dasar model konseptual dengan menambahkan kondisi batas ketakutan pandemi COVID-19 sebagai moderasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Partial Least Square. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 327 responden yang bertransaksi melalui platform e-commerce. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan menggunaan Google Form. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: Pertama, ketakutan pandemi COVID-19 pelanggan online secara positif memoderasi hubungan antara efektivitas platform e-commerce dengan manfaat ekonomi. Kedua, ketakutan pelanggan online pada pandemi COVID-19 secara positif memoderasi hubungan antara manfaat ekonomi dengan konsumsi berkelanjutan. Ketiga, efektivitas platform e-commerce memengaruhi manfaat ekonomi lebih kuat ketika ketakutan pandemi COVID-19 lebih tinggi. Studi ini menemukan efek moderasi dari ketakutan pandemi COVID-19 pada hubungan antara efektivitas platform e-commerce dengan manfaat ekonomi, dan konsumsi berkelanjutan, artinya ketika semakin tinggi ketakutan karena pandemi COVID-19, maka manfaat ekonomi yang dirasakan dari belanja online juga semakin tinggi begitu pula ketika ketakutan pandemi COVID-19 semakin tinggi, maka untuk berbelanja secara berkelanjutan melalui online juga semakin tinggi.
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Abu Shehab, A. H. I., A. V. Gurita, L. Luca, N. Isabela, M. Terpan, and A. Ciubara. "Fear of death and the pandemic." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (June 2022): S544. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1392.
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Introduction Looking at the vast majority of mental disorders in the last year, we noticed that most of them were closely related to this feeling of fear but also to the restrictive measures that appeared with the pandemic. Exposure for a period of more than a year to this mental stress has led to the appearance of a large number of psychiatric patients, especially those who have undergone SARS-CoV-2 infection or who have had close people infected, some of whom have even died. Objectives In this paper I will highlight the post traumatic consequences in patients who have gone through the disease. Methods To complete this work I used medical articles, studies, and specialized information on the subject. Results Patients who have gone through the disease developed sleeping problems, phobias, various anxiety and delusional disorders. Conclusions These conditions create the need for a multidisciplinary approach among this particular category of patients. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Raghuwanshi, Bhushan, Ashwini Fulzele, Dnyanesh Joshi, and Sneha Dhakite. "A REVIEW STUDY ON MENTAL HEALTH - THE ROLE OF DIFFERENT PERSPEC-TIVES OF AYURVEDA DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC." International Ayurvedic Medical Journal 8, no. 8 (August 18, 2020): 4174–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.46607/iamj2208082020.
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Currently all of us are experiencing emotions, thoughts, & situation which we never have experienced be-fore. The entire world had experienced many of the pandemics, particularly plague outbreak has been known immemorial. In 19th century, cholera pandemic followed by flu pandemics were highlights. In 20th century, subsequently, there have been outbreak of Asian flu, SARS, Ebola etc, but the pandemic of COVID -19 is on completely different platform. It has shaken the whole world with global health crisis. This pandemic of COVID has been locked each & every individual where they were & day by day number of patients are getting hiked which have given rise to feeling of fear of getting infected, feeling of fear of getting quarantined, fear of loss of profession, fear of losing jobs etc. Along with, response to lockdown, pandemic has created significant & variable psychological impacts on many more individuals resulting in increased tendencies for suicidal attempts. Here in this review article the efforts are being made to compile the different perspectives of Ayurveda which can be implemented in management of different psychologi-cal conditions. Different treatment protocols through ayurvedic principle can be administered in psycholog-ical management during this COVID - 19 Pandemic. Considering the psychological impact of COVID-19 on individuals, Ayurveda can prove to be beneficial in this Pandemic with regards to prevention & adju-vant therapeutic management with COVID-19 management protocol.
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Nelsen, Kevin Leo, and Riana Sahrani. "FEAR OF COVID-19 PADA KARYAWAN YANG BEKERJA SECARA LURING SELAMA PANDEMI." Jurnal Muara Ilmu Sosial, Humaniora, dan Seni 5, no. 2 (October 31, 2021): 539. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/jmishumsen.v5i2.10940.2021.
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The year 2020 begins with the COVID-19 pandemic, because of the sudden pandemic, many individuals are unable to adapt to the situation, moreover, the COVID-19 pandemic has an impact on many fields, from the health sector (medical) to the field. offices. COVID-19 spreads very quickly and caused panic. The government is doing its best to reduce the number of positive cases of COVlD19 in Indonesia. Some people are worried about the invisible threat of COVID-19. From this excessive anxiety, a new phenomenon has emerged, namely the fear of COVID-19. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the fear of COVID-19 among employees who work offline during the pandemic in the Jakarta area. Convenience sampling was used to collect data, and involved 173 participants who filled out questionnaires online. These participants are employees or workers from various professions who still have to work outside the home with an age range of 17-49 years. The results of data analysis in this study indicate that employees who work offline during the pandemic are 36 people (20.8%) classified as having a low level of fear of COVID-19, 109 people (63%) are classified as moderate, and 109 people are classified as high. 28 people (16.2%). So, it can be said that the level of fear of COVID-19 of employees working offline during the pandemic in the Jakarta area is fairly moderate. Tahun 2020 diawali dengan pandemi COVID-19, karena pandemi yang datang secara tiba-tiba, banyak sekali individu yang tidak dapat beradaptasi dengan situasi, terlebih, pandemi COVID-19 berdampak pada banyak sekali bidang, mulai dari bidang kesehatan (medis), hingga bidang perkantoran. COVID-19 menyebar dengan sangat cepat dan sempat membuat kepanikan. Pemerintah melakukan yang terbaik untuk menekan jumlah kasus positif COVID-19 di Indonesia. Sebagian orang merasa cemas akan ancaman COVID-19 yang tidak terlihat. Dari rasa cemas yang berlebihan itu, munculah fenomena baru, yaitu fear of COVlD19. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk memberikan gambaran umum fear of COVID-19 pada pegawai yang bekerja secara luring (luar jaringan) selama pandemi di daerah Jakarta. Teknik pengambilan data dilakukan dengan convenience sampling, dan melibatkan 173 partisipan yang mengisi kuisioner secara online. Partisipan ini adalah pegawai atau pekerja dari berbagai profesi yang tetapharus bekerja di luar rumah dengan rentang umur 17-49 tahun. Hasil analisis data pada penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa pegawai yang bekerja secara luring selama pandemi yang tergolong memiliki tingkat fear of COVID-19 rendah berjumlah 36 orang (20.8%), partisipan yang tergolong sedang berjumlah 109 orang (63%, dan partisipan yang tergolong tinggi berjumlah 28 orang (16.2%). Jadi, dapat dikatakan bahwa tingkat fear of COVID-19 para pegawai yang bekerja secara luring selama pandemi di daerah Jakarta terbilang sedang.
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Sağıroğlu, Ali Zafer. "The Age of Fear: Terrorism, Pandemic, and Refugees." Journal of Humanity and Society (insan & toplum) 11, no. 4 (December 2021): 201–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.12658/m0642.
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Social scientists have defined modern times by different names and fear is one of them. As the driver for the historical flow in global range besides many other phenomena terror, epidemic and refugee issues direct the individual and social life of the age as a source of fear. This study aims to read how fear affects the social life of the time through the fear of terrorists, epidemics, and refugees. Secondly, it is to clarify what kind of fear is being constructed by these phenomenons and what is the interaction between them. Seeking control is constructed by a peculiar language produced by various actors, fear sources, which turn into an important device for the management and administration of people, become a perfect tool not only for those in power but also for power pretenders. Consequently, realistic or unrealistic sources of fear mutually feed the pursuit of control and the politics of fear.
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Sobierajski, Tomasz, and Marek Krzystanek. "Shades of Fear—Mental and Physical Health Reactions to the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Representative Study of Polish Society." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 3 (January 27, 2023): 2245. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032245.
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The study was carried out one year after the establishment of the pandemic state in the European Union (EU), the situation at the end of the next wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. The survey was conducted on a representative sample of Polish people using Computer Assisted Web Interviewing (CAWI), considering several demographic categories, such as sex, age, place of residence, education, and monthly income. The survey’s main objective was to find out whether the respondents feel fear related to pandemics and living in a pandemic, and if so, what the psychological and physiological symptoms of this fear are. Half of the respondents (50.2%) declared that they felt fear about what their life would look like after the pandemic, and every tenth person (10.1%) marked the highest level of fear on the scale. The respondents felt the psychological symptoms of the pandemic much more often than they felt the physical ones. The most common psychological symptoms were fear of the future (38.5% of them gave “often” and “very often” responses, together), despondency (29.2% of them gave “often” and “very often” responses), and mental tension (28.9% of them gave “often” and “very often” responses). A detailed analysis of data from representative studies showed that the responses in a pandemic are strongly determined by demographic categories, mainly sex and age, and they differ depending on the social group to which a person belongs.
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Efil, Sevda, Sevda Turen, and Elif Demir. "Nurses’ COVID-19 fears and patient safety attitudes in the pandemic." European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine 21, no. 1 (March 2023): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/ejcem.2023.1.3.
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Introduction and aim. The fear experienced by nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic may threaten patient safety. This study was conducted with the aim of examining nurses’ COVID-19 fears and attitudes to patient safety in the pandemic. Material and methods. The research had a descriptive and cross-sectional design. The research sample consisted of 245 nurses working at a teaching and research hospital in Istanbul, Turkey’s most populous province. Research data were collected in June–July 2021. A Nurse Characteristics Form, the Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) and the Patient Safety Attitude Questionnaire were used to collect data. The data evaluation was performed using descriptive statistics, Student t test, one-way variance (ANOVA), and Pearson correlation analysis. Results. The nurses’ mean score for fear of COVID-19 was 16.67±6.88, and their mean score for patient safety attitude was 141.70±27.78. Their COVID-19 fear levels and mean patient safety attitude scores were found to differ according to their intention to leave the job, their education on COVID-19 and their age. Conclusion. Nurses’ experiencing of physical, social and psychological problems relating to the COVID-19 pandemic should be followed up in the long term.
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Lee, Sherman A., and Mary C. Jobe. "Does fear mediate the neuroticism-psychopathology link for adults living through the COVID-19 pandemic?" Clinical Medicine Insights: Psychiatry 13 (January 2022): 117955732110699. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11795573211069912.
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Background COVID-19 has globally increased psychological distress. Although research has shown a clear link between neuroticism and psychopathology, pandemic fears—manifesting as fear of death and coronavirus anxiety, have not been examined as mediating factors for explaining this connection during the pandemic. Methods Therefore, to fill this void in the literature, this study examined 259 U.S. MTurk adult workers in May 2020 using an online questionnaire. The study used the Patient Health Questionnaire, the 8-item Big Five Inventory neuroticism subscale, a single-item fear of death measure, and the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale as well as collected demographic information to perform correlational and meditation analyses. Results The results showed that both coronavirus anxiety and fear of death partially mediated the relationship between neuroticism and symptoms of depression and generalized anxiety. The results also found that those high in trait neuroticism who were fearful of death or had coronavirus anxiety showed heightened levels of depression and general anxiety. Conclusion This study’s findings were consistent with previous research and current work on pandemic-related distress. In addition, the results of these findings can help bring to light the connectedness of these psychopathological constructs with fears surrounding the pandemic—which can be useful to both researchers and mental health professionals alike.
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Ishchuk, Olga. "Young people's job-related fears in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a psychological analysis." Організаційна психологія Економічна психологія 2-3, no. 20 (November 11, 2020): 60–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31108/2.2020.2.20.6.
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Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic calls for studying the psychological characteristics of the activities and behaviors of various population categories, including young people, in order to optimize their lives in the difficult conditions and provide psychological support. The aim of the research was to assess and analyze young people's fears related to professional activities in the context of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The methods used included analysis, generalization and systematization of the theoretical approaches to the phenomenon of fear, the authors' questionnaire "Job-related Fears during the COVID-19 Pandemic", content analysis, as well as statistical data processing. Results. It was found that the majority of Ukrainians aged 25 through 44 experienced high levels of fear, which in general indicated a general neurotic condition of the society. Young people were afraid of financial stability, uncertainty, being infected with the coronavirus directly from colleagues or customers, which developed the state of complete confusion. However, Ukrainians demonstrated resistance and positive motivation as well as the ability to see the resource and new opportunities, even being in a psycho-emotional state of fear. Conclusions: The obtained data may be useful in providing psychological assistance to young people in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Dorfman, Doron. "Pandemic “Disability Cons”." Journal of Law, Medicine & Ethics 49, no. 3 (2021): 401–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jme.2021.60.
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AbstractDisability rights law has made issues of access and accommodations much more visible in American life. Yet a byproduct of the increased awareness of disability rights has been “fear of the disability con,” that is, the common apprehension that people are abusing the law to gain an unfair advantage. Many times, this moral panic creates an invisible, oft-overlooked barrier for people with disabilities who desire to utilize their rights. They either are refused the right altogether or give up asking for it in the first place because they are afraid of being accused of being fakers. This Article shows how fear of the disability con surfaced along the progression of the COVID-19 pandemic. It describes the schism between the ways in which people with disabilities generally fared under the pandemic and some popular perceptions regarding the “privileges” they allegedly received because of their protected legal status. Those so-called privileges include mask exemptions, vaccination priority, and permission to continue remote work. The Article concludes with lessons the COVID-19 pandemic experience can teach us about the nature and scope of the fear of the disability con.
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Amer, Abdalnasser, Theeb Al-Rawwad, and Omar Al-Adamat. "Big Five Personality Traits and Psychological Resilience as Predictors of Fear of Corona pandemic (COVID-19) among University Students." Dirasat: Human and Social Sciences 50, no. 4 (July 30, 2023): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.35516/hum.v50i4.5635.
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Objective: The study aims to determine the levels of fear of the (COVID-19) pandemic and the relative contribution of psychological resilience and the big five personality factors for predicting the fear of COVID-19. Methods: The psychological resilience scale, the scale of the five major factors of personality, and the scale of fear of the Corona pandemic were used in this study. The study sample consisted of (215) male and female students in the faculties of Education, Arts, and Humanities at Suez Canal University, Egypt. Results: The results indicated that (69.30%) suffer from fear of the Corona pandemic (COVID-19) in a medium to large degree. There is a statistically significant positive correlation between fear of the Corona pandemic and both the dimension of neuroticism, and the dimension of commitment and care for psychological resilience. The results also showed a statistically significant negative correlation between fear of the Corona pandemic and both the dimension of conscientiousness and the dimension of optimism and perseverance to psychological resilience. Furthermore, there were negative effects of both the dimension of optimism and perseverance to psychological resilience and the dimension of conscientiousness on fear of the Corona pandemic. Finally, the results showed positive effects of both the dimension of commitment and care for psychological resilience and the dimension of neuroticism on fear of the Corona pandemic. Conclusions: This study recommends developing the awakening of conscience and psychological resilience to reduce the fear of the Corona pandemic by preparing psychological programs
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Alowibdi, Jalal S., Abdulrahman A. Alshdadi, Ali Daud, Mohamed M. Dessouky, and Essa Ali Alhazmi. "Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19)." International Journal on Semantic Web and Information Systems 17, no. 2 (April 2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijswis.2021040101.
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People are afraid about COVID-19 and are actively talking about it on social media platforms such as Twitter. People are showing their emotions openly in their tweets on Twitter. It's very important to perform sentiment analysis on these tweets for finding COVID-19's impact on people's lives. Natural language processing, textual processing, computational linguists, and biometrics are applied to perform sentiment analysis to identify and extract the emotions. In this work, sentiment analysis is carried out on a large Twitter dataset of English tweets. Ten emotional themes are investigated. Experimental results show that COVID-19 has spread fear/anxiety, gratitude, happiness and hope, and other mixed emotions among people for different reasons. Specifically, it is observed that positive news from top officials like Trump of chloroquine as cure to COVID-19 has suddenly lowered fear in sentiment, and happiness, gratitude, and hope started to rise. But, once FDA said, chloroquine is not effective cure, fear again started to rise.
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Regina Pereira, Joyce, Daiane de Souza Fernandes, Viviane Ferraz Ferreira de Aguiar, and Fabianne de Jesus Dias de Sousa. "ASSESSMENT OF FEAR AND STRESS BY THE ELDERLY IN THE NEW CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY." Cogitare Enfermagem, no. 27 (August 17, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/ce.v27i0.86911.
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Objective: to identify the main fears and level of stress regarding the New coronavirus pandemic in the aged. Method: cross-sectional, analytical study based on a non-probability sample by convenience composed of 25 elderly users of a public square in the municipality of Belém, Pará, Brazil, conducted from January to June 2021. The sociodemographic questionnaire, New coronavirus fear scale, and perceived stress scale were applied. The parametric t-test (p<0.05) was used. Results: the average age was 67.6 years, predominantly female (72%). It was evidenced that the elderly presented a moderate level of fear (p0.001) related to the fear of COVID-19 (t=0.26). Moderate level of perceived stress (p0.001) related to irritability caused by the out-of-control situation (t=0.00) prevailed. Conclusion: perceiving fear and stress in the elderly contributes to the development of actions by professionals to promote mental health in times of pandemic.
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Tishelman, Carol, Jonas Hultin-Rosenberg, Anna Hadders, and Lars E. Eriksson. "Fearing fear itself: Crowdsourced longitudinal data on Covid-19-related fear in Sweden." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 1, 2021): e0253371. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253371.
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Background The Covid-19 pandemic has had unprecedented effects on individual lives and livelihoods as well as on social, health, economic and political systems and structures across the world. This article derives from a unique collaboration between researchers and museums using rapid response crowdsourcing to document contemporary life among the general public during the pandemic crisis in Sweden. Methods and findings We use qualitative analysis to explore the narrative crowdsourced submissions of the same 88 individuals at two timepoints, during the 1st and 2nd pandemic waves, about what they most fear in relation to the Covid-19 pandemic, and how their descriptions changed over time. In this self-selected group, we found that aspects they most feared generally concerned responses to the pandemic on a societal level, rather than to the Covid-19 disease itself or other health-related issues. The most salient fears included a broad array of societal issues, including general societal collapse and fears about effects on social and political interactions among people with resulting impact on political order. Notably strong support for the Swedish pandemic response was expressed, despite both national and international criticism. Conclusions This analysis fills a notable gap in research literature that lacks subjective and detailed investigation of experiences of the general public, despite recognition of the widespread effects of Covid-19 and its’ management strategies. Findings address controversy about the role of experts in formulating and communicating strategy, as well as implications of human responses to existential threats. Based on this analysis, we call for broader focus on societal issues related to this existential threat and the responses to it.
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Rozenova, Marina Ivanovna, Valentina Ivanovna Ekimova, Alexey Vladimirovich Kokurin, and Marina Gennad'evna Sorokova. "The peculiarities of male fears during the COVID-19 pandemic." Психология и Психотехника, no. 3 (March 2021): 28–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0722.2021.3.36371.
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The subject of this research is the peculiarities of male fears caused by proliferation of the COVID-19 pandemic. The object of this research is the people's fears during mass infectious disease of global nature. The goal lies in determination of the severity, intensity, priority and peculiarities of the “composition: of male fears in the situation of coronavirus pandemic, on the background of escalated uncertainty and rapid changes in lifestyle. The authors explore the experience of international research on the impact of pandemic upon people's well-being, underline the importance of the fear factor within the system of human response to an extremely challenging situation, generalize the research results on the occurrence of fears during the pandemic, as well as determine the specificity of male fears and experience of their interpretation. The acquired conclusions allow stating that despite the consistency of pandemic threats, male fears indicate the fears of criminal violence and social condemnation. Other priority fears include job loss as the basis of attractiveness; such irrational component as the idea of the Judgment of God alongside the fear of death. In penultimate group are the fears of illness and treatment; and in the last group – the fears of losing the rational principle in behavior and the tendency of substituting constructive fears with destructive. The novelty of this research is defined by revealing the entirety of male fears during the pandemic, which is semantically classified into five groups. The author clarifies the specificity of the mechanisms of male anxieties in psychologically traumatic situation, which allows making counseling-therapeutic practices for restoring the psychological health of men more targeted.
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Muskin, Philip R. "The Only Thing I Have to Fear Is Fear Itself." Psychodynamic Psychiatry 49, no. 1 (March 2021): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1521/pdps.2021.49.1.9.
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Nash, Carol. "Fear-Responses to Bat-Originating Coronavirus Pandemics with Respect to Quarantines Gauged in Relation to Postmodern Thought—Implications and Recommendations." COVID 2, no. 10 (September 22, 2022): 1303–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/covid2100096.
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Fear-responses to bat-originating coronavirus pandemics with respect to quarantine imposition are gathered and interpreted from large datasets, identified and disseminated by media. Responses are effectively gauged using postmodern thought with a continuum ranging from people’s resilience to define their own perspectives to public views being socially conditioned from media persistence in maintaining fear. Public responses to the 2003 SARS pandemic generally presumed and supported resilience of citizens’ perspectives. In contrast, from late 2019 to mid-2022, public responses to the COVID-19 pandemic were media-determined, promoting fear. In this regard, reactions to the COVID-19 quarantines are contrasted to the hospital isolations of SARS. The primary source of the difference was the major polarizing influence by social media of the WHO policy makers’ pronouncements and of healthcare providers’ statements directing media spotlight in their guidance of public response to COVID-19 throughout the pandemic, unlike during SARS. An investigation of cognitive bias regarding the psychological and societal implications related to this migration from resilience to fear regarding public responses to novel bat-originating coronavirus pandemics elicits recommendations concerning future quarantine dictates. These recommendations are dependent on appropriate encouragement of hopeful resilience through evidence based practice with respect to one extreme of the postmodern thought continuum.
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Rozenova, M. I., V. I. Ekimova, A. S. Ognev, and E. V. Likhacheva. "Fear as a mental health crisis in the context of global risks and changes." Современная зарубежная психология 10, no. 1 (2021): 17–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/jmfp.2021100102.
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The paper presents the analysis of the results of international and national research in the field of studying the impact of global crises and pandemic situations (including COVID-19) on the state of mental health of people. Traditionally, the fear that accompanies emergency events and situations is considered as a source of mental and psychological traumatology of various kinds, however, the authors consider fear in a period of global risks and changes, from the point of view of not the cause, but an indicator of a decrease in the integrity of a person's mental health. The initial theoretical model that allows us to differentiate and diagnose different qualities of fear was the "I-structural" concept of G. Amon, which allows us to describe and understand the specific phenomenology of fears in the pandemic period. The qualities of fear, manifested in its constructive, destructive and deficient form, according to the authors, reflect the resource reserve of a person's mental health and the level of his psychological stability.
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Khismatrao, D. S. "Covid-19: throttling the fear and embracing the science of prevention." CARDIOMETRY, no. 25 (February 14, 2023): 730–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18137/cardiometry.2022.25.730733.
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Covid-19 is creating a flurry of fear and stigma across the globe. The individual fear is of discrimination at isolation centers, fears of dying alone with no funeral as per rituals. The mass fear is fueled by social and news media through negative news, disseminating medical knowledge, and confusing multiple mathematical projection models. Hence, firstly need to impede this pandemic of fear and stigma. Equally vital is to embrace the science of prevention by stringently following WHOguidelines. The general population should not fall prey to non-scientific news on social media. There should be restricted, systematic, and timely dissemination of medical knowledge to the medical fraternity. Identify limited expert spokesperson to present factual positive data and strategies of prevention. Disengaging politics and conflicts of commercial interests and educating the population for social changes and norms are required to control the pandemic. Increased GDP allocation to the health sector; Population Control, Improved Literacy rates are other long-term measures.
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Thapa, Arati. "Clinical Psychopathology During Covid-19 Pandemic." Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal 19, no. 4 (December 31, 2023): 501–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v18i4.49151.
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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) pandemic and its consequences on individuals’ social, economic, and familial lives have negatively affected mental health of the general population especially in a vulnerable individual. In this case reports, we aim to highlight the role of such psychosocial stressors related to COVID pandemic resulting in development of Acute Psychosis. In the first case the stressor is associated with fear of getting infected while in the second case fear of being put into Quarantine. Thus health measures should be employed to address psychosocial stressors, particularly related to the use of isolation/quarantine, infection fear and vulnerability among the general population.
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Nausheen, Sidrah, Shelia Bhamani, Areeba Makhdoom, and Lumaan Sheikh. "Fear of COVID-19 among pregnant women in Pakistan: a cross-sectional study." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, no. 12 (November 25, 2020): 4749. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20205145.
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Background: The emergence of COVID-19 and its pandemic nature has exacerbated fears worldwide. Pregnant women are considered a vulnerable group during the COVID-19 pandemic because the physiological changes make them more susceptible to infections. Pregnant women are found expressing much of the fear related to their course of pregnancy, the in-utero transmission of the disease, and questions related to infection control in healthcare settings. Hence, the purpose of this paper was to explore the fears faced by pregnant women related to COVID.Methods: It was a cross-sectional survey among 201 pregnant women attending antenatal clinics of Aga Khan University Hospital. The survey tool contains demographic variables and a 7-item scale of “Fear in COVID” which is pre tested in the Iranian population. The survey form was made on google drive and sent to pregnant females on WhatsApp.Results: 201 pregnant women mostly belonging to middle and low socioeconomic class were enrolled. The majority (80%) of women were less than 30 years of age. Only 26 (12.9%) were primigravids, remaining were multigravidas of a different order of pregnancy. 60% of our study population showed high fear scores (27-35) from coronavirus whereas another 30% had moderate fear. No association of study variables was found with fear scores.Conclusions: We found a high level of fear of COVID-19 among the pregnant population with a higher level of anxiety and stress related symptoms. The amount of fear and stress is independent of the trimester or order of pregnancy.
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Amram, Ran, Inbal Ravreby, Nitzan Trainin, and Yaara Yeshurun. "Fear of being near: Fear supersedes sociability when interacting amid a pandemic." Personality and Individual Differences 187 (March 2022): 111404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2021.111404.
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Mettini, Emiliano. "Disease and fear as elements of pandemic." Sociology of Medicine 20, no. 1 (June 15, 2021): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/1728-2810-20-1-45.
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The article discusses question how coronavirus infection causing a worldwide pandemic represents not only a threat to the health of the population but also leads to philosophical, psychological, and sociological speculations. The author intends to consider implications arising from a pandemic using artistic works written during a pandemic that have shaken bases of human life, human outlook, and attitude to life. Consequently, the author tries to explain attitude to pandemic from the standpoints of such concepts like disease, health, fear, and hope that can totally disrupt depths of human beings during the plague. The author paid attention to artistic works such as the Decameron by the Italian writer and thinker G. Boccaccio, Plague by A. Camus, and A feast in time of plague by A.S. Pushkin. Using these works and having as red thread of his inquiry isolation (repudiation of the world), the author defines what kinds of reaction can human have in the face of disease and, eventually, in the face of death because of sickness. The author considers that this approach, which lies at the intersection of sociology, psychology, and philosophy, can highlight some behavioral paradigms that contribute to comprehension of what happens in human outlook, mentality, and mind when a new phenomenon occurs, which is necessary to interiorize and make ours that, in turn, implies enhancement of stress tolerance of the population in emergency situation, as it happens during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Dymecka, Joanna, Rafał Gerymski, Adrianna Iszczuk, and Mariola Bidzan. "Fear of Coronavirus, Stress and Fear of Childbirth in Polish Pregnant Women during the COVID-19 Pandemic." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 24 (December 12, 2021): 13111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413111.
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The COVID-19 pandemic is the largest pandemic of an aggressive coronavirus in the human population in the 21st century. The pandemic may have a negative emotional impact on pregnant women, causing fear and stress. Negative feelings during pregnancy later affect fear of childbirth. Our study aimed to determine the relationship between fear of COVID-19, stress and fear of childbirth. We assume that fear of COVID-19 will be a mediator of the relationship between perceived stress and fear of childbirth. A total of 262 Polish pregnant women participated in this study. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FOC-6) and Labour Anxiety Questionnaire (KLP II) were used in the study. There was a statistically significant, moderate, and positive relationship between perceived stress, fear of COVID-19, and fear of childbirth. Fear of COVID-19 was a statistically significant mediator in the relationship between perceived stress and fear of childbirth. The COVID-19 epidemic may have a negative emotional impact on pregnant women, causing fear, stress and increased fear of childbirth. Childbirth during the COVID-19 pandemic is perceived by women as a threat to their well-being and health. Therefore, it is especially important to support a woman in the perinatal period and to enable her to give birth to a child.
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Vilas Boas, Susana. "Living beyond Fear." International Journal of Public Theology 17, no. 4 (December 22, 2023): 521–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15697320-20230104.
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Abstract In this article I will highlight some of the most harmful consequences of Covid-19 with respect to interpersonal relationships. I will argue that, as in a pandemic period, it is fear that continues to guide these relationships, and it is urgent to enter into a dynamic of reconciliation for the real healing of humanity. Furthermore, I will defend the need for an ecology of relationships so that the common good can be a reality. Interpersonal relationships and, inherently, the authenticity of human nature are crucial for an integral ecology, since it takes into account both human nature and natural nature. Thus, it will not be possible to think about safeguarding ecosystems, or even safeguarding the planet, if this reflection is not based on the truth of the human essence and on how human action – inside and outside the pandemic context – determines and shapes the reality in which we are inserted and of which we are part.
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Della Gatta, Marisa. ""Facts, not Fear": Islamophobia, Coronaphobia and the Language of Fear." Colloquium 9788855130974 (June 2023): 165–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.7359/097-2023-delm.
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The world is currently living in a time in which crises are at the doorstep. The primary scope of this study is to shed some light on the role of fear and extremist discourses during security threats. Islamist terrorism and the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic are frames for evaluating the responses of Islamophobia and Coronaphobia. The use of fear in politics has been convincingly linked by Wodak (2021) with extreme rhetoric and the refusal to conform to any value-normative model or stereotype. This article argues that extreme and divisive discourses surrounding the Covid-19 pandemic have not substituted fears of “otherness” (van Dijk 2009), but rather have created a new dimension of fearing the unknown. Looking for communalities between Coronaphobic and Islamophobic discourses, this study undertakes a corpus-based discourse analysis (Baker 2006; Gee 2011) of online reports and instances of fear and extremist speech on traditional and social media, Facebook and Twitter (Zappavigna 2012). First, this article provides a background of representations of hateful and fearful rhetoric with the aim of evaluating differences and similarities in online reports, speeches, press releases and social media posts. A diachronic analysis of a self-compiled collection of texts containing an extremist and/or phobic stance, with a special focus on Australia, follows. The study can foster the understanding of the interplay between fear and insecurity.
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Choi, Edmond P. H., Wenjie Duan, Daniel Y. T. Fong, Kris Y. W. Lok, Mandy Ho, Janet Y. H. Wong, and Chia-Chin Lin. "Psychometric Evaluation of a Fear of COVID-19 Scale in China: Cross-sectional Study." JMIR Formative Research 6, no. 3 (March 2, 2022): e31992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/31992.
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Background At the very beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, information about fear of COVID-19 was very limited in Chinese populations, and there was no standardized and validated scale to measure the fear associated with the pandemic. Objective This cross-sectional study aimed to adapt and validate a fear scale to determine the levels of fear of COVID-19 among the general population in mainland China and Hong Kong. Methods A web-based questionnaire platform was developed for data collection; the study instruments were an adapted version of the 8-item Breast Cancer Fear Scale (“Fear Scale”) and the 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire. The internal construct validity, convergent validity, known group validity, and reliability of the adapted Fear Scale were assessed, and descriptive statistics were used to summarize the participants’ fear levels. Results A total of 2822 study participants aged 18 years or older were included in the analysis. The reliability of the adapted scale was satisfactory, with a Cronbach α coefficient of .93. The item-total correlations corrected for overlap were >0.4, confirming their internal construct validity. Regarding convergent validity, a small-to-moderate correlation between the Fear Scale and the 4-item Patient Health Questionnaire scores was found. Regarding known group validity, we found that the study participants who were recruited from Hong Kong had a higher level of fear than the study participants from mainland China. Older adults had a higher level of fear compared with younger adults. Furthermore, having hypertension, liver disease, heart disease, cancer, anxiety, and insomnia were associated with a higher fear level. The descriptive analysis found that more than 40% of the study participants reported that the thought of COVID-19 scared them. About one-third of the study participants reported that when they thought about COVID-19, they felt nervous, uneasy, and depressed. Conclusions The psychometric properties of the adapted Fear Scale are acceptable to measure the fear of COVID-19 among Chinese people. Our study stresses the need for more psychosocial support and care to help this population cope with their fears during the pandemic.
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Michail, Domna, Dimitris Anastasiou, Nektaria Palaiologou, and Giorgos Avlogiaris. "Social Climate and Psychological Response in the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in a Greek Academic Community." Sustainability 14, no. 3 (January 29, 2022): 1576. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14031576.
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This study examines how the social climate was associated with the psychological response during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a structural equation model linking the economic crisis to the social climate (pandemic fear, social and psychological distress, civil protection, and population’s response) and to the psychological response (perspectives of life and reconsidering values), we tested their multivariate relationships in a Greek academic community sample. At the first level of the model, the economic crisis was significantly associated with the social climate: pandemic fear, social/psychological distress, and civil protection. At the second level, social/psychological distress was associated with the pandemic fear and civil protection, whereas the pandemic fear was associated with the population’s response to governmental measures. At the third level, civil protection was directly associated with the psychological response resilience variables: perspectives of life and reconsidering values. The model explained a significant amount of the variance in the population’s response (62%), reconsidering values (42%), and perspectives of life (32%). Moreover, women presented higher levels of social/psychological distress, pandemic fear, and perspectives of life. Finally, younger people were more affected by the social/psychological distress and pandemic fear, whereas older people presented higher levels in the population’s response to governmental measures.
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Mumtaz, Ayesha, Faiza Manzoor, Shaoping Jiang, and Mohammad Anisur Rahaman. "COVID-19 and Mental Health: A Study of Stress, Resilience, and Depression among the Older Population in Pakistan." Healthcare 9, no. 4 (April 6, 2021): 424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9040424.
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Extending studies of the adverse effects of SARS-2 coronavirus on general health consequences, this research explores complexities related to the mental health of the elderly as a result of pandemic-related stress. The study addresses this issue by using resilience theory to examine the effects of fear and exposure related to COVID-19 and depression. Besides, our study examines the moderating effects of self-efficacy in order to provide an understanding of how the coping abilities of the elderly may mitigate the effect of stress levels on mental health during pandemics. Our model is tested by analysing the survey data collected from Rawalpindi, a metropolitan city in Pakistan. The main results of the study confirm the positive association of pandemic-related fear and exposure virus with depression. However, self-efficacy shows a negative direct effect on depression, and the findings also confirm the moderation effect of self-efficacy on the fear of COVID-19 and depression, but the moderation effect of self-efficacy on COVID-19 exposure and depression is not supported. Based on the outcomes, some severe geriatric care policies that could weaken the pandemic-related fear, exposure to the virus, and depression are recommended.
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Bajracharya, Shristi, Saraj Gurung, and Binita Khatri. "Perceived Fear and Preventive Behaviors of Pregnant Women during COVID-19 Pandemic in Western Nepal." Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences 9, no. 02 (December 31, 2021): 77–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v9i02.42016.
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INTRODUCTION: The perceived fear of COVID-19 is expected to have a significant positive impact on preventive behaviors as it triggers people to prevent themselves against threats. People take necessary actions to engage in preventive behaviors if they perceive high fear of transmission of disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-sectional analytical study was conducted to find out the perceived fear and preventive behaviors of pregnant women during COVID-19 pandemic. One hundred and fifty normal pregnant women attending Antenatal Checkup (ANC) out-patient department and ward of Universal College of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital (UCMSTH), Rupandehi were selected by using purposive sampling technique. Structured interview schedule was used for data collection. Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were used for analysis with Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software version 16. RESULTS: The study findings revealed that more than half of the respondents had high level of fear regarding COVID-19. Although participants were largely engaged in all preventive behaviors like wearing facemask, hand washing, covering nose and mouth, cleaning and disinfecting and maintaining healthy diet, while maintaining social distance, avoiding public transport, avoiding crowd, exercising regularly and quitting tobacco and alcohol were the least. There was positive correlation between perceived fear and preventive behaviors although it was not proved significantly. CONCLUSION: The study findings concluded that more than half of the respondents had high level of fear regarding COVID-19. Adequate counseling and reassurance of these pregnant women in the current scenario might reduce their fears and increase the probability of adapting preventive measures against the spread of COVID-19.
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Acharya, Sonu. "Behavior management in Pediatric Dentistry during and after Corona pandemic." Contemporary Pediatric Dentistry 1, no. 1 (December 15, 2020): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.51463/cpd.2020.17.
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Children are not miniature adults. They should be treated as different entity and not just as adults who are shortened. Children have their own apprehensions and fear. The most commonly encountered is the fear of the unknown. Fear is something which is innate and inborn. Fear of dentistry is there in every individual, whether young or old. This is mostly subjective in nature. Children show exaggerated fear for dentistry as this is something new to them. The pediatric dentists are trained in behavior management for reducing fear. There have been many methods, both pharmacological and non-pharmacological for behavior management in children. The pediatric dentists were able to apply one or the other behavior management techniques till now. Sudden appearance of a pandemic caused by nCOV-2 (coronavirus) changed everything. The change in practice pattern is bound to effect all the dental patients, more so the children. Here we will discuss how the behavior management techniques will change for children and how we can get some newer methods to reduce the fear.
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Salinding, Jessica Medly, and Christiana Hari Soetjiningsih. "Fear Of Missing Out pada Pengguna Media Sosial dan Kaitannya dengan Loneliness Di Masa Pandemi Covid-19." Psikoborneo: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi 10, no. 4 (November 24, 2022): 693. http://dx.doi.org/10.30872/psikoborneo.v10i4.9227.
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During the pandemic, social media has a big influence on students, causing feelings of loneliness and fear of missing out. Individuals who experience loneliness need closeness with other individuals, but this is not obtained by the individual, resulting in a feeling of fear of missing out. This study is aims to determine the correlation between loneliness and fear of missing out on Satya Wacana Christian University Psychology Faculty students during the pandemic. In this study, the loneliness measured by the UCLA loneliness scale (Version 3), while the fear of missing out by fear of missing out scale. Participants in this study were students of the Faculty of Psychology, class of 2018-2020, the participants in this study were 161 students. From the results of hypothesis test was analyzed by Pearson correlation product moment shows that there is a correlation between loneliness and fear of missing out with a correlation coefficient of 0.298 and significance value of 0.000 (p<0.05). This means that if the higher the level of loneliness, the higher the level of fear of missing out in students. Di masa pandemi, media sosial sangat berpengaruh besar terhadap mahasiswa hingga menimbulkan perasaan loneliness dan fear of missing out. Individu yang mengalami loneliness membutuhkan closeness dengan individu lain, namun hal ini tidak didapatkan oleh individu tersebut, sehingga timbul perasaan fear of missing out. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan antara loneliness dan fear of missing out pada mahasiswa Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana pada masa pandemi. Dalam penelitian ini, variabel loneliness diukur menggunakan UCLA loneliness Scale (Version 3), sedangkan untuk fear of missing out menggunakan fear of missing out scale. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa Fakultas Psikologi angkatan 2018-2020 yang berjumlah 161 mahasiswa. Dari hasil uji hipotesis yang dilakukan dengan teknik Pearson correlation product moment dan menunjukkan hasil bahwa terdapat hubungan positif antara loneliness dan fear of missing out dengan kofisien korelasi kedua variabel sebesar 0,289 dan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,000 (p<0,05). Artinya bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat loneliness maka akan tinggi pula tingkat fear of missing out.
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Verma, Aditi, and Ashwini Biradar. "Fear of COVID-19 pandemic (coronaphobia) amongst young adults in India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 7 (June 25, 2021): 3556. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20212618.
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Background: The Novel Coronavirus disease has inherently brought a fear of uncertainty and continuity resulting in broad psychological effects on the mental health of the present generation. Although, few studies have tried to evaluate the degree of fear of COVID-19 but none has been done on young adults especially dental undergraduate healthcare providers so far. Hence, the present study aims to assess the fear of COVID-19 among young adults in India.Methods: A web based study was conducted on a sample of 309 dental undergraduate students of age group 18-25 years (young adults). The participants were asked for responding to a standardized online questionnaire prepared on google form that included the recently developed 7-item Fear of COVID-19 Scale (FCV-19S) to assess emotional fear reactions.Results: Overall mean fear score for the study population was 18.09+6.79. A significantly higher number of the study population reported low fear (56.6%). Age, place of residence, academic year, steady source of income and the students whose relative/friend got covid-19 depicted a significant difference based on the level of fear (p<0.05). Females and the students staying alone displayed higher levels of fear compared to their respective counterparts.Conclusions: Fear is a common psychological outcome during pandemics especially amongst healthcare providers as COVID-19 pandemic is a continuously evolving disease outbreak related to stress, disease contraction and dying. Thus, managing this fear in the young minds is imperative in order to reduce the psychological implications affecting their mental health due to the current COVID crisis.
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Dalimunthe, Heni Indrawati, Elmeida Effendy, and Mustafa M. Amin. "Case Report: The Excessive Fear and Dysfunctional Anxiety about the Coronavirus Disease-19: A Case Report in a Male with Coronaphobia." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, T3 (June 25, 2021): 201–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6283.
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BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has been well acknowledged dominated headlines throughout the world. During a pandemic, fear related to COVID-19 is a natural psychological reaction, expressed not only in fear and anxiety related to disease and death, but also correlated with occupational social stress. A different type of developmental event, the emergence of a particular phobia, may be signaled when these fears persist and become more severe. A recent emerging phobia unique to COVID-19 is coronaphobia. CASE REPORT: We presented a case of coronaphobia in a 24-year-old male social and political sciences student in his past year academy at local community college, unmarried, from Melayu tribe. He came with his sister to seek treatment from a psychiatrist for his excessive fear and dysfunctional anxiety about the COVID-19. CONCLUSION: We give psychoeducation to him, recognizing the diagnosis, describing the process of learning fear and how it was sustained. Therapy concentrated on giving him potential reasons to challenge his doubts, patterns of avoidance, and efforts were made to replace it with more adaptive values and answers.
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N, Anusha, Satyanarayana D, and Archana V. "Fear of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), a pandemic too." Journal of Medical and Scientific Research 9, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17727/jmsr.2021/9-29.
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Current management of coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) focusses on infection control, development of a vaccine and the treatment of patients with little emphasis on psychosocial aspects. This study aimed at studying the prevalence and variables associated with fear of COVID-19 on Indian population. A cross sectional study was conducted on 1002 participants via an online survey and the data was analysed by SPSS version 26. The mean age of population was 32.29 with a SD of 14.17. Of the total population, 54.1 % were males and 45.9% were females. 15% of the population had anxiety and depression and 15% had fear of death across ages and literacy levels. Subjects with low education, lower income, staying away from the family and being tested for COVID-19, had higher levels of fear. Higher levels of fear were amongst news watchers and COVID-19 message forwarders. Amongst the infected or the contact population there was a lot of fear reaction to the disease. This study highlighted the fear spread among various groups of the population and a need for better pandemic preparedness. Keywords: COVID-19; anxiety; mental health; pandemic preparedness; coronavirus
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Uddin, M. Naveed, and Mohsin Uddin. "Psychology of pandemics and fear of epidemic." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 5 (April 27, 2021): 2592. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20211794.
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Infectious outbreaks have stirred the psychological health and mental wellbeing of individuals on a global basis. It is evident from the 1918 influenza in addition to the current COVID-19. Psychological factors are significant for comprehension and overseeing cultural issues related with pandemics, like the spreading of extreme dread, anxiety, and xenophobia that happen when individuals are compromised with infection. The research aims to identify how the COVID-19 pandemic has affected individual’s psychological wellbeing and how the psychodynamic approach can resolve such an issue. Developing a sense of detachment from oneself and the growing fear of being infected significantly affects an individual psychological wellbeing. This analysis concentrates predominantly on applying the psychodynamic approach to ascertain individual’s psychological threats during the COVID-19 crisis. This research focuses on revealing the variations generated from the psyche of individuals due to the COVID-19. It also aims to highlight the impact that COVID-19 have created on the mental health of individual beings. Moreover, the pandemic consequence on the individual’s overall lifestyle has discussed in the study.
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Radanovic, Ana, Isidora Micic, Svetlana Pavlovic, and Ksenija Krstic. "Pandemic parenting: Predictors of quality of parental pandemic practices during COVID-19 lockdown in Serbia." Psihologija, no. 00 (2020): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/psi200731040r.
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The aim of our study was to explore relations between parents? and children?s fear of COVID-19, parents? dispositions (emotion regulation, self-efficacy, the anxiety trait) and their distress (due to the pandemic, the national state of emergency [NSE] and curfews) and how these variables have been affecting the quality of parental pandemic practices during the COVID-19 NSE in Serbia. Our online questionnaire was filled in by 376 parents and one of their children aged 7 to 19 years. Path analysis was used to analyze data. Higher levels of cognitive reappraisal and self-efficacy directly contribute to a higher quality of parental pandemic practices during NSE. Indirectly, parents? fear, pandemic distress, and parents? cognitive anxiety symptoms increase children?s fear, consequently raising the quality of parental pandemic practices. Pointing out protective and risk factors that may affect pandemic parenting during NSE as well as mechanisms of their contributions, our findings draw attention to the importance of parents? negative emotions regulation and the effects of children?s emotions on the quality of parental pandemic practices during an ongoing pandemic.
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Choi, Yunwon. "Exploring the impact of pandemic fear on visitation to park attractions in urban city: A case study in Seoul, South Korea." PLOS ONE 19, no. 4 (April 16, 2024): e0301869. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301869.
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This research explores changes in perceptions and utilization of parks during the COVID-19 pandemic in Seoul, South Korea. It investigates the relationship between fear of the pandemic and individuals’ opinions about open spaces and their visiting decisions. The study surveyed 600 adults from February 22–23, 2022, and used structural equation modeling to analyze the data. The findings revealed that increased fear of the pandemic led to more positive park sentiments, resulting in higher park visits and fewer visits to other public spaces. The research highlights the significance of parks during the COVID-19 pandemic and how people’s perceptions were influenced by their pandemic-related fear.