Journal articles: 'Fear of pain'

1

Papenfuss, Inka, and Brian D. Ostafin. "A preliminary comparison of fundamental fears related to anxiety." Journal of Experimental Psychopathology 12, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 204380872110076. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20438087211007601.

Full text

Abstract:

In the quest to uncover lower order processes that underlie anxiety disorders, researchers have proposed a number of fundamental fears, which are thought to represent fears of inherently aversive stimuli that can explain a number of higher order constructs such as more specific fears. In a recent theoretical article, Carleton narrowed the list of potential fundamental fears down to three candidates: fear of death, fear of pain, and fear of the unknown. Carleton proposes that fear of the unknown represents the primary fundamental fear, suggesting that unlike the other two, fear of the unknown is inherently aversive and logically irreducible. The present study represents an initial empirical investigation of this hypothesis. In a cross-sectional study ( N = 373), fear of death, fear of pain, and fear of the unknown were assessed as simultaneous predictors of anxiety. Results showed that fear of the unknown was indeed the strongest unique predictor, while fear of pain also uniquely predicted anxiety, although to a lesser extent. While the results suggest that fear of the unknown may indeed be the most fundamental fear, the need for conceptual clarification and empirical work using diverse measures is discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Sandkühler, Jürgen. "Fear the pain." Lancet 360, no. 9331 (August 2002): 426. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(02)09683-6.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Seebeck, Renée F., Malcolm H. Johnson, and Ross A. Flett. "The Nature and Extent of Social Anxiety and Avoidance in Patients with Chronic Pain." Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling 9, no. 1 (January 2003): 52–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1323892200000508.

Full text

Abstract:

The present study explored the nature and extent of social anxiety and avoidance, anxiety sensitivity, and pain-related anxiety and avoidance in 46 clinic-referred chronic pain patients, compared with a community-based group reporting pain (n = 66) and healthy controls (n = 57). The chronic pain patients consistently reported higher levels of social distress, social avoidance, fear of negative evaluation, anxiety sensitivity, and pain-related anxiety and avoidance as compared with controls. Group differences in social distress, social avoidance, fear of negative evaluation, pain-related cognitive anxiety, and fear of cognitive and emotional dyscontrol, remained stable when pain severity was controlled for. Anxiety sensitivity was strongly related to both social and pain-related fears. The source of these social fears is examined in relation to the elevated pain-related fear and anxiety sensitivity also exhibited by chronic pain patients, and implications for treatment and rehabilitation are discussed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Ssablina, Svetlana, Tat'yana Elovicova, Sergey Griroriev, Valeria Ivanova, Egor Ivanov, and Anatoly Koshchev. "ASSESSMENT OF FEAR OF PAIN IN PATIENTS WITH OSTEOPOROSIS AND CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS." Actual problems in dentistry 18, no. 2 (August 18, 2022): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.18481/2077-7566-2022-18-2-74-79.

Full text

Abstract:

Subject. Fear of future pain. Objectives. To assess relationship between age and fear of future pain in women who were diagnosed with osteoporosis and chronic periodontitis. Methodology. The study was carried out by the Department of Preventive Dentistry and Propedeutics of Dental Disease, Ural State Medical University, and the Department of Control Systems Modeling, Ural Federal University. First, the review of domestic and foreign research literature was carried out. Next, the group of female participants was formed to take online survey; statistical analyses of the outcomes was carried out. Then, generalization involved results and conclusions, writing a research paper. To assess fears of future pain, the patients who met the following criteria were selected: women after the age of 45 with the known history of osteoporosis and chronic periodontitis, without any psychiatric disorders, who agreed and gave their written informed consents to participate in the research study. For assessment of fears of future pain, the Fear of Pain Questionnaire (FPQ-III) was completed by the women with osteoporosis and chronic generalized periodontitis. FPQ-III consists of 30 items divided into three subscales: Fear of Sever Pain, Fear of Minor Pain, and Fear of Medical Pain. Results of FPQ-III were rated on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5. The total score (from 30 to 150) and subscale scores (from 10 to 50) were calculated for each participant. Conclusion. The study found the positive linear relation between age and fear of future severe pain in women with osteoporosis and chronic periodontitis from both age groups (p ≤ 0.05). No relation between Fear of Minor Pain and Medical Pain was found (p ≥ 0.05).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

&NA;. "Fear of Catastrophe, Fear of Movement, Fear of Back Pain." Back Letter 17, no. 8 (August 2002): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00130561-200217080-00005.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Vervoort, T., L. Goubert, H. Vandenbossche, S. Van Aken, D. Matthys, and G. Crombez. "Child's and Parents' Catastrophizing about Pain is Associated with Procedural Fear in Children: A Study in Children with Diabetes and Their Mothers." Psychological Reports 109, no. 3 (December 2011): 879–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/07.15.16.21.pr0.109.6.879-895.

Full text

Abstract:

The contribution of the child's and parents' catastrophizing about pain was explored in explaining procedural pain and fear in children. Procedural fear and pain were investigated in 44 children with Type I diabetes undergoing a finger prick. The relationships between parents' catastrophizing and parents' own fear and estimates of their child's pain were also investigated. The children and their mothers completed questionnaires prior to a routine consultation with the diabetes physician. Children completed a situation-specific measure of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale for Children (PCS–C) and provided ratings of their experienced pain and fear on a 0–10 numerical rating scale (NRS). Parents completed a situation-specific measure of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale For Parents (PCS–P) and provided estimates of their child's pain and their own experienced fear on a 0–10 NRS. Analyses indicated that higher catastrophizing by children was associated with more fear and pain during the finger prick. Scores for parents' catastrophizing about their children's pain were positively related to parents' scores for their own fear, estimates of their children's pain, and child-reported fear, but not the amount of pain reported by the child. The findings attest to the importance of assessing for and targeting child and parents' catastrophizing about pain. Addressing catastrophizing and related fears and concerns of both parents and children may be necessary to assure appropriate self-management. Further investigation of the mechanisms relating catastrophizing to deleterious outcomes is warranted.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Carr, Troy D., Kathleen L. Lemanek, and F. Daniel Armstrong. "Pain and Fear Ratings." Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 15, no. 5 (May 1998): 305–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0885-3924(97)00370-9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Maltoni, M. "Opioids, pain, and fear." Annals of Oncology 19, no. 1 (January 2008): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annonc/mdm555.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Hollin, Gregory J. S., and Stuart W. G. Derbyshire. "Cold Pressor Pain Reduces Phobic Fear But Fear Does Not Reduce Pain." Journal of Pain 10, no. 10 (October 2009): 1058–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2009.03.015.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Zale, Emily L., and Joseph W. Ditre. "Pain-related fear, disability, and the fear-avoidance model of chronic pain." Current Opinion in Psychology 5 (October 2015): 24–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2015.03.014.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Piwowarczyk, Paweł, Agnieszka Kaczmarska, Paweł Kutnik, Aleksandra Hap, Joanna Chajec, Urszula Myśliwiec, Mirosław Czuczwar, and Michał Borys. "Association of Gender, Painkiller Use, and Experienced Pain with Pain-Related Fear and Anxiety among University Students According to the Fear of Pain Questionnaire-9." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 8 (April 13, 2021): 4098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18084098.

Full text

Abstract:

Anxiety and fear are determinants of acute and chronic pain. Effectively measuring fear associated with pain is critical for identifying individuals’ vulnerable to pain. This study aimed to assess fear of pain among students and evaluate factors associated with pain-related fear. We used the Fear of Pain Questionnaire-9 to measure this fear. We searched for factors associated with fear of pain: gender, size of the city where the subjects lived, subject of academic study, year of study, the greatest extent of experienced pain, frequency of painkiller use, presence of chronic or mental illness, and past hospitalization. We enrolled 717 participants. Median fear of minor pain was 5 (4–7) fear of medical pain 7 (5–9), fear of severe pain 10 (8–12), and overall fear of pain 22 (19–26). Fear of pain was associated with gender, frequency of painkiller use, and previously experienced pain intensity. We found a correlation between the greatest pain the participant can remember and fear of minor pain (r = 0.112), fear of medical pain (r = 0.116), and overall fear of pain (r = 0.133). Participants studying medicine had the lowest fear of minor pain while stomatology students had the lowest fear of medical pain. As students advanced in their studies, their fear of medical pain lowered. Addressing fear of pain according to sex of the patient, frequency of painkiller use, and greatest extent of experienced pain could ameliorate medical training and improve the quality of pain management in patients.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

McNeil, Daniel W., Anthony R. Au, Michael J. Zvolensky, Deborah Rettig McKee, Iven J. Klineberg, and Christopher C. K. Ho. "Fear of pain in orofacial pain patients." Pain 89, no. 2 (January 2001): 245–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3959(00)00368-7.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

McNeil, D. W., S. G. Kennedy, C. L. Randall, S. H. Addicks, C. D. Wright, K. G. Hursey, and R. Vaglienti. "Fear of Pain Questionnaire-9: Brief assessment of pain-related fear and anxiety." European Journal of Pain 22, no. 1 (July 31, 2017): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejp.1074.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Martin, Ronald R., Thomas Hadjistavropoulos, and Donald R. McCreary. "Fear of Pain and Fear of Falling among Younger and Older Adults with Musculoskeletal Pain Conditions." Pain Research and Management 10, no. 4 (2005): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2005/919865.

Full text

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The fear-avoidance model of pain accounts for the debilitating consequences of strong fear as a component of reactions to painful conditions (eg, movements become anxiety-provoking because they cause pain). The model, which is supported in the literature, posits that fear of pain interferes with recovery because it leads to avoidance of beneficial activity. Despite the high prevalence of pain among the elderly, investigations of fear of pain in this population are scarce. A related construct, fear of falling, has been studied among elderly (but not younger) adults as an age-specific concern.OBJECTIVES: To examine the relationship between fear of pain and fear of falling. Specifically, it is hypothesized that fear of pain and fear of falling are distinct constructs. Moreover, the authors investigated whether fear of falling becomes more relevant with increasing age in a sample of seniors and younger adults with musculoskeletal conditions.METHODS: A convenience sample of younger and older adult physiotherapy outpatients (n=226) receiving treatment for musculoskeletal conditions were recruited for the study. Fear of pain and fear of falling were assessed using self-report measures.RESULTS: There were no age differences with respect to fear of pain and fear of falling. Regression analyses showed that fear of pain measures contribute substantial unique variance to the prediction of each other; however, they only make minor unique contributions to the prediction of fear of falling. Similar results were obtained through confirmatory analyses using structural modelling techniques.CONCLUSIONS: The analyses supported the distinctiveness of fear of pain and fear of falling. Moreover, among physiotherapy outpatients with musculoskeletal pain conditions, fear of falling and fear of pain are distinct constructs that appear to represent the concerns of both seniors and younger pain patients.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Wilson, Anna C., Amy S. Lewandowski, and Tonya M. Palermo. "Fear-Avoidance Beliefs and Parental Responses to Pain in Adolescents with Chronic Pain." Pain Research and Management 16, no. 3 (2011): 178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/296298.

Full text

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: The fear-avoidance model of chronic pain posits that fear of pain is associated with fear and avoidance of activity, which can lead to deconditioning and persistence of pain and disability. Despite being well supported in adults, little is known about the role of fear-avoidance beliefs regarding physical activity in children. Research has shown that parental protectiveness contributes to activity limitations in children; however, no studies have examined relationships between protectiveness, and fear and avoidance.OBJECTIVES: To conduct a cross-sectional study to provide additional information regarding the reliability and validity of the Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire physical activity subscale among adolescents with chronic pain; examine fear-avoidance beliefs and depressive symptoms as concurrent predictors of physical activity limitations; and test competing models using fear-avoidance beliefs as mediators and moderators of the association between parental protectiveness and activity limitations.METHODS: Adolescents (n=42) 11 to 17 years of age with chronic pain completed questionnaires assessing pain intensity, fear-avoidance beliefs, depressive symptoms and physical activity limitations. Their parents completed questionnaires regarding protectiveness and adolescent activity limitations.RESULTS: The Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire physical activity subscale was useful for assessing fear-avoidance beliefs in the present population. In support of hypotheses, greater fear-avoidance beliefs were associated with greater activity limitations, above pain intensity and depressive symptoms. Support was found for fear-avoidance beliefs as mediators of the association between parental protectiveness and activity limitations. Tests of moderation were not significant.CONCLUSIONS: Fear-avoidance beliefs may be an important target for interventions focused on decreasing activity limitations in youth with chronic pain. Future research should investigate these associations longitudinally.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

van Wijk, A. J., and J. Hoogstraten. "Experience with Dental Pain and Fear of Dental Pain." Journal of Dental Research 84, no. 10 (October 2005): 947–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910508401014.

Full text

Abstract:

Anxious people tend to overestimate the intensity of aversive events such as fear and pain. When an aversive event has been experienced personally, prediction is based on experience and is possibly less subject to bias due to anxiety. Therefore, it was hypothesized that subjects will overestimate fear of specific dental pains relative to subjects who experienced the pain or procedure personally. Samples of highly anxious dental patients (n = 48), patients waiting for periodontal treatment (n = 56), and psychology freshmen (n = 262) completed a measure of dental anxiety and the Fear of Dental Pain (FDP) questionnaire. All FDP items were extended with the question whether the subject ever experienced the pain personally (yes or no). Less fear was reported when the pain had been experienced personally, with the exception of the sample of highly anxious dental patients. The results suggest that fear of dental pain is a highly important covariate in dental pain research.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Dragkioti, E., E. Kotrotsiou, D. Damigos, V. Mavreas, and M. Gouva. "Fear of pain and hostility." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 1206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72911-x.

Full text

Abstract:

IntroductionFear of pain motivates defence and protection from events that are perceived as threatening. When defence and protection are not efficient, fear may lead to aggressive acts against the perceived source of threat.ObjectiveThis study tested the link between fear of pain and hostility in adults.AimThe aim was to investigate the relationship between fear of pain and hostility.Method595 community individuals participated to the present study (164 men - 431 women, mean age 34, SD = 12, ranged 18–75). The measures used were: a) the Fear of Pain Questionnaire - III (FPQ-III), b) the Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale-20 (PASS-20) c) the Hostility and Direction of Hostility Questionnaire (HDHQ) and d) the Aggression subscale of The Symptom Checklist-90-R (SCL-90-R).ResultsWomen predicted significantly more aggression (t = −1.9, p = .05), while for hostility no differences with sex were observed (t = −.2, p = .80). Hostility was significantly correlated with the amount of fear of pain (r = .27, p = .001) and pain anxiety symptoms (r = .23, p = .001). Significantly correlations were also found with aggression and fear of pain (r = .27, p = .001) and pain anxiety symptoms (r = .31, p = .001). Hierarchical linear regression models revealed that, pain anxiety had a significant independent link with hostile attitude (β = .176, p = .001) and fear of pain make independent contributions to predicting aggressive behaviour (β = .090, p = .006).ConclusionThe need for health professionals to assess hostility and aggression in fear of pain behaviors and apply relevant information to the therapeutic regimen was apparent.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Lightsey, Owen Richard, Anita G. Wells, Mei-Chuan Wang, Todd Pietruszka, Ayse Çiftçi, and Brett Stancil. "Emotion-Oriented Coping, Avoidance Coping, and Fear of Pain as Mediators of the Relationship Between Positive Affect, Negative Affect, and Pain-Related Distress Among African American and Caucasian College Women." Counseling Psychologist 37, no. 1 (February 12, 2008): 116–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011000007312991.

Full text

Abstract:

The authors tested whether coping styles and fear of pain mediate the relationship between positive affect and negative affect on one hand and pain-related distress (PD) on the other. Among African American and Caucasian female college students, negative affect, fear of pan, and emotion-oriented coping together accounted for 34% of the variance in PD among African American woman and 40% of the variance in PD among Caucasion women. Emotion-oriented coping and fear of pain fully mediated the relationship between negative affect and PD among Caucasian women and partly mediated the relationship between negative affect and PD among African American women. Results suggest that reducing college women's reliance on emotion-oriented coping and their fears of pain may help reduce PD.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Dalton, Jo Ann, and Michael Feuerstein. "Fear, alexithymia and cancer pain." Pain 38, no. 2 (August 1989): 159–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-3959(89)90234-0.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Randall, Cameron L., Casey D. Wright, Jonathan M. Chernus, Daniel W. McNeil, Eleanor Feingold, Richard J. Crout, Katherine Neiswanger, Robert J. Weyant, John R. Shaffer, and Mary L. Marazita. "A Preliminary Genome-Wide Association Study of Pain-Related Fear: Implications for Orofacial Pain." Pain Research and Management 2017 (2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/7375468.

Full text

Abstract:

Background. Acute and chronic orofacial pain can significantly impact overall health and functioning. Associations between fear of pain and the experience of orofacial pain are well-documented, and environmental, behavioral, and cognitive components of fear of pain have been elucidated. Little is known, however, regarding the specific genes contributing to fear of pain. Methods. A genome-wide association study (GWAS; N=990) was performed to identify plausible genes that may predispose individuals to various levels of fear of pain. The total score and three subscales (fear of minor, severe, and medical/dental pain) of the Fear of Pain Questionnaire-9 (FPQ-9) were modeled in a variance components modeling framework to test for genetic association with 8.5 M genetic variants across the genome, while adjusting for sex, age, education, and income. Results. Three genetic loci were significantly associated with fear of minor pain (8q24.13, 8p21.2, and 6q26; p<5×10-8 for all) near the genes TMEM65, NEFM, NEFL, AGPAT4, and PARK2. Other suggestive loci were found for the fear of pain total score and each of the FPQ-9 subscales. Conclusions. Multiple genes were identified as possible candidates contributing to fear of pain. The findings may have implications for understanding and treating chronic orofacial pain.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Karos, K., A. Meulders, R. Gatzounis, H. A. M. Seelen, R. P. G. Geers, and J. W. S. Vlaeyen. "Fear of pain changes movement: Motor behaviour following the acquisition of pain-related fear." European Journal of Pain 21, no. 8 (April 25, 2017): 1432–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejp.1044.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

De Peuterl, Steven, Ilse Van Diestl, Debora Vansteenwegenl, Omer Van den Berghl, and Johan W. S. Vlaeyenl. "Understanding fear of pain in chronic pain: Interoceptive fear conditioning as a novel approach." European Journal of Pain 15, no. 9 (October 2011): 889–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpain.2011.03.002.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Martin, Andrea L., Patricia A. McGrath, Stephen C. Brown, and Joel Katz. "Anxiety Sensitivity, Fear of Pain and Pain-Related Disability in Children and Adolescents with Chronic Pain." Pain Research and Management 12, no. 4 (2007): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/897395.

Full text

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Converging lines of evidence suggest that anxiety sensitivity and fear of pain may be important vulnerability factors in the development of avoidance behaviours and disability in adults with chronic pain. However, these factors have not been evaluated in children with chronic pain.OBJECTIVES: To examine the relationships among anxiety sensitivity, fear of pain and pain-related disability in children and adolescents with chronic pain.METHODS: An interview and five questionnaires (Childhood Anxiety Sensitivity Index, Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale, Functional Disability Inventory, Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children, and Reynolds Child or Adolescent Depression Scale) were administered to 21 children and adolescents eight to 17 years of age (mean ± SD 14.24±2.21 years) who continued to experience pain an average of three years after discharge from a specialized pain clinic for children.RESULTS: Anxiety sensitivity accounted for 38.6% of the variance in fear of pain (F[1,20]=11.30; P=0.003) and fear of pain accounted for 39.9% of the variance in pain-related disability (F[1,20]=11.95; P=0.003), but anxiety sensitivity was not significantly related to pain disability (R2=0.09; P>0.05).CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that children with high levels of anxiety sensitivity had a higher fear of pain, which, in turn, was linked to increased pain disability. The results of this study suggest that anxiety sensitivity and fear of pain may play important and distinct roles in the processes that maintain chronic pain and pain-related disability in children.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Knopf, Alison. "Chronic pain patient stories: Withdrawal, pain and fear." Alcoholism & Drug Abuse Weekly 30, no. 3 (January 15, 2018): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adaw.31822.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Smolyarchuk, Inessa V., Ekaterina D. Safonova, and Angelina S. Ivkina. "Features of fears expression among preschool children." Psychological-Pedagogical Journal GAUDEAMUS, no. 47 (2021): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/1810-231x-2021-20-1(47)-94-100.

Full text

Abstract:

The emotional sphere is significant for the mental and social development of preschool children. We consider the main causes of children’s fears; the role of parents in their appearance and consolidation. We analyze the features of actual fears in preschool children with mental retardation and normative development. The empirical study (the ascertaining stage) was performed on a sample of 31 subjects (6–7 years old) using diagnostic tools such as: technique of “Choosing the Most Terrible Picture” (T. V. Lavrentiev), test “Fears in Houses” (modified by M.A. Panfilova), projective method “My Family”. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the results allowed to identify 6 groups of dominant fears among preschool children: medical fears (fear of doctors, injections, blood, getting sick, getting infected), night fears (fear of being alone, terrible dreams, darkness), fear of natural disasters (fear of storms, hurricanes, floods, earthquakes, war, fire), specific fears (fear of darkness, height, depth, confined space, pain), social fears (fear of being late, parents, punishment, large areas), fear for their own lives and the lives of parents.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Simons, Laura E., Melissa Pielech, Stefanie Cappucci, and Alyssa Lebel. "Fear of pain in pediatric headache." Cephalalgia 35, no. 1 (May 8, 2014): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0333102414534084.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective The current study provides the first measure of pain-related fear for pediatric headache patients. Methods From a large pediatric headache clinic, a cross-sectional cohort of 206 children and adolescents completed measures of pain-related fear, anxiety sensitivity, catastrophizing, pain acceptance, functional disability, and school functioning. Results The two-factor solution of the Fear of Pain Questionnaire (FOPQ) was confirmed from the originally derived structure with pediatric headache patients. Simultaneously regressing FOPQ subscales fear of pain and activity avoidance on theorized construct validity measures demonstrated that fear of pain was more closely linked with anxiety sensitivity and pain catastrophizing while activity avoidance had a strong negative association with pain acceptance (activity engagement and pain willingness). Pain-related fear was not significantly associated with pain level. After controlling for demographic factors and pain, fear of pain and activity avoidance accounted for an additional 26% of the variance in functional disability and school functioning outcomes, with activity avoidance accounting for much of this relationship. Conclusions Although typically considered an influential construct among musculoskeletal patients, pain-related fear is also an important factor influencing functioning among pediatric headache patients, with the dimension of activity avoidance particularly salient.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Brandelli, Yvonne N., Christine T. Chambers, Perri R. Tutelman, Jennifer N. Stinson, Adam M. Huber, and Jennifer P. Wilson. "Parent Pain Cognitions and Treatment Adherence in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis." Journal of Pediatric Psychology 44, no. 9 (September 11, 2019): 1111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/jsz067.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Objective Given the high levels of pain and low rates of treatment adherence in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and their families, this study sought to examine the relationship between parent pain cognitions (i.e., pain catastrophizing, fear of pain) and treatment adherence, and how barriers to treatment (e.g., forgetting treatments, children resisting injections) may be implicated in this relationship. Methods Parents of children under 18 years of age who have been diagnosed with JIA were recruited to complete an online survey. In total, 221 parents (93% mothers) of children aged 2–17 years (M = 11.10, SD = 4.25) took part, completing questions regarding their pain cognitions, perceived barriers to treatment, and their child’s arthritis treatment adherence ability. Results Hierarchical regressions demonstrated that both pain cognitions (i.e., pain catastrophizing and fear of pain) were related to a decrease in parent-reported treatment adherence, however, pain catastrophizing was no longer significant when fear of pain was added to the model. The presence of treatment barriers partially mediated the relationship between fear of pain and treatment adherence, above and beyond the alternate model proposed. Conclusion These results suggest that parent pain catastrophizing and fears of pain are related to a greater difficulty following treatment plans, possibly in part because of barriers parents experience that preclude adherence. Given these findings, the identification and management of parent pain cognitions is critical to improving treatment adherence and outcomes for children with JIA and their families.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

De Baets, L., T. Matheve, J. Traxler, JWS Vlaeyen, and A. Timmermans. "Pain-related beliefs are associated with arm function in persons with frozen shoulder." Shoulder & Elbow 12, no. 6 (May 5, 2020): 432–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1758573220921561.

Full text

Abstract:

Background Frozen shoulder is a painful glenohumeral joint condition. Pain-related beliefs are recognized drivers of function in musculoskeletal conditions. This cross-sectional study investigates associations between pain-related beliefs and arm function in frozen shoulder. Methods Pain intensity, arm function (Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand Questionnaire (DASH)), pain catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS)), pain-related fear (Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK-11)) and pain self-efficacy (Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ)) were administered in 85 persons with frozen shoulder. Correlation analyses assessed associations between pain-related beliefs and arm function. Regression analysis calculated the explained variance in arm function by pain-related beliefs. Results Pain-related fear, pain catastrophizing and pain self-efficacy were significantly associated with arm function (r = 0.51; r = 0.45 and r = −0.69, all p < .0001, respectively). Thirty-one percent of variance in arm function was explained by control variables, with pain intensity being the only significant one. After adding TSK-11, PCS and PSEQ scores to the model, 26% extra variance in arm function was explained, with significant contributions of pain intensity, pain-related fear and pain self-efficacy (R2 = 0.57). Conclusions Attention should be paid towards the negative effect of pain-related fear on outcomes in frozen shoulder and towards building one’s pain self-efficacy given its protective value in pain management.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Simons, Laura E., Christine B. Sieberg, Elizabeth Carpino, Deirdre Logan, and Charles Berde. "The Fear of Pain Questionnaire (FOPQ): Assessment of Pain-Related Fear Among Children and Adolescents With Chronic Pain." Journal of Pain 12, no. 6 (June 2011): 677–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2010.12.008.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Meier, Michael Lukas, Andrea Vrana, Barry Kim Humphreys, Erich Seifritz, Philipp Stämpfli, and Petra Schweinhardt. "Pain-Related Fear—Dissociable Neural Sources of Different Fear Constructs." eneuro 5, no. 6 (November 2018): ENEURO.0107–18.2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/eneuro.0107-18.2018.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Kreddig, Nina, and Monika I. Hasenbring. "Pain anxiety and fear of (re) injury in patients with chronic back pain: Sex as a moderator." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 16, no. 1 (July 1, 2017): 105–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2017.03.009.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractBackground and aimsAnxiety and fear are increasingly seen as related, but distinct concepts, with anxiety describing a reaction to unclear or future threats, and fear to immediate threats. Anxiety and fear both play influential roles in pain. Yet, the two concepts have not been clearly distinguished in pain research. Their reported intensity differs between the sexes, and sex differences in the way pain anxiety and fear of (re)injury relate to pain intensity have been found separately in previous studies. However, they seem to be of a curious nature: In one study, pain anxiety was associated with elevated pain intensity in men, while in another, fear of (re)injury was associated with elevated pain intensity in women. This indicates a moderator effect of sex. The present study is the first to unite previous findings, and to show a more integrative picture, by examining and discussing this moderator effect of sex in a joint study of both pain-related anxiety and fear in both sexes.MethodsIn 133 patients (mean age 43.6 years, 62% female) with chronic low back pain (mean duration 7.7 years), sex differences were examined with correlations and a multiple linear regression analysis with interaction terms. Differences between subgroups of low and high anxiety/fear were explored via t-tests, following previous studies.ResultsSex was supported as a moderator in the association of pain intensity with pain anxiety (PASS-20), and fear of (re)injury (TSK). Higher pain intensity was linked to higher pain anxiety only in men, and to higher fear of (re)injury only in women. A basic regression model with fear, anxiety, sex and disability as predictors (R2 = .14, F(4,123) = 3.24,p = .042) was significantly improved by the addition of the interaction terms Fear×Sex and Anxiety × Sex (R2 = .18, F(2,121) = 4.90, p = .001), which were both shown as significant predictors for pain intensity. Further t-tests revealed a significant difference in pain intensity between high and low anxiety in men (t(47) = −2.34, p = .023,d = −.43), but not in women. Likewise, a significant difference in pain intensity between high and low fear showed in women (t(80) = −2.28, p = .025, d = −.42), but not in men.ConclusionsThe results support a moderator effect of sex and suggest differential mechanisms between the sexes in pain anxiety and fear in development and maintenance of back pain. The current study is the first to report and analyse this moderator effect. As potential underlying mechanisms, evolution and socialization are discussed, which may elucidate why fear might be more relevant for pain in women, and anxiety more relevant for pain in men.ImplicationsThe results indicate the need for a more cautious conceptual separation of fear and anxiety in research. Future studies on fear and anxiety in pain should be aware of the distinction, in order to avoid reporting only half of the picture. The next step would be to solidify the results in different samples, and to examine whether a distinction between anxiety and fear in the sexes could have any benefit in pain treatment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Bontinck, Jente, Marlies den Hollander, Amanda L. Kaas, Jeroen R. De Jong, and Inge Timmers. "Individual Patterns and Temporal Trajectories of Changes in Fear and Pain during Exposure In Vivo: A Multiple Single-Case Experimental Design in Patients with Chronic Pain." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 5 (March 1, 2022): 1360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11051360.

Full text

Abstract:

Exposure in vivo (EXP) is an effective treatment to reduce pain-related fear and disability in chronic pain populations. Yet, it remains unclear how reductions in fear and pain relate to each other. This single-case experimental design study attempted to identify patterns in the individual responses to EXP and to unravel temporal trajectories of fear and pain. Daily diaries were completed before, during and after EXP. Multilevel modelling analyses were performed to evaluate the overall effect. Temporal effects were scrutinized by individual regression analyses and determination of the time to reach a minimal clinically important difference. Furthermore, individual graphs were visually inspected for potential patterns. Twenty patients with chronic low back pain and complex regional pain syndrome type I were included. On a group level, both fear and pain were reduced following EXP. Individually, fear was significantly reduced in 65% of the patients, while pain in only 20%. A decrease in fear was seen mostly in the first weeks, while pain levels reduced later or remained unchanged. Daily measurements provided rich data on temporal trajectories of reductions in fear and pain. Overall, reductions in fear preceded pain relief and seemed to be essential to achieve pain reductions.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Kroska, Emily B. "A meta-analysis of fear-avoidance and pain intensity: The paradox of chronic pain." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 13, no. 1 (October 1, 2016): 43–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2016.06.011.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractBackgroundThe fear-avoidance model of chronic pain has established avoidance as a predictor of negative outcomes in chronic pain patients. Avoidance, or deliberate attempts to suppress or prevent unwanted experiences (e.g., pain), has been studied extensively, with multiple reviews implicating this behavior as a predictor of disability, physical disuse, and depression. Despite hundreds of studies examining the associations between different components of this model (i.e., catastrophizing, fear, avoidance, depression), the association between fear-avoidance and pain intensity has remained unclear. The present study seeks to clarify this association across samples.MethodThe present analyses synthesize the literature (articles from PsycInfo, PubMed, and ProQuest) to determine if fear-avoidance and pain intensity are consistently correlated across studies, samples, and measures. Eligible studies measured pain intensity and fear-avoidance cross-sectionally in chronic pain patients. The search resulted in 118 studies eligible for inclusion. A random-effects model was used to estimate the weighted mean effect size. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software was used for all analyses. Moderation analyses elucidate the variables that affect the strength of this association. Meta-regression and meta-ANOVA analyses were conducted to examine moderating variables. Moderator variables include demographic characteristics, pain characteristics, study characteristics, and national cultural characteristics (using Hofstede’s cultural dimensions). Publication bias was examined using the funnel plot and the p-curve.ResultsResults indicate a small-to-moderate positive association between fear-avoidance and pain intensity. The results were stable across characteristics of the sample, including mean age, gender distribution, marital status, and duration of pain. Moderation analyses indicate that the measures utilized and cultural differences affect the strength of this association. Weaker effect sizes were observed for studies that utilized measures of experiential avoidance when compared to studies that utilized pain-specific fear-avoidance measures. Studies that utilized multiple measures of fear-avoidance had stronger effect sizes than studies that utilized a single measure of fear-avoidance. Three of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions moderated the association, including Power Distance Index, Individualism versus Collectivism, and Indulgence versus Restraint.ConclusionsThe present meta-analysis synthesizes the results from studies examining the association between fear-avoidance and pain intensity among individuals with chronic pain. The positive association indicates that those with increased fear-avoidance have higher pain intensity, and those with higher pain intensity have increased fear-avoidance. Findings indicate that cultural differences and measurement instruments are important to consider in understanding the variables that affect this association. The significant cultural variations may indicate that it is important to consider the function of avoidance behavior in different cultures in an effort to better understand each patient’s cultural beliefs, as well as how these beliefs are related to pain and associated coping strategies.ImplicationsThe results from the current meta-analysis can be used to inform interventions for patients with chronic pain. In particular, those with more intense pain or increased fear-avoidance should be targeted for prevention and intervention work. Within the intervention itself, avoidance should be undermined and established as an ineffective strategy to manage pain in an effort to prevent disability, depression, and physical deconditioning.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Leveille, Suzanne. "CHRONIC PAIN, FEAR OF FALLING, AND RESTRICTED ACTIVITY DAYS IN AN OLDER POPULATION." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.066.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Both chronic pain and fear of falling can lead to activity restriction and increased fall risk among vulnerable elders. Little is known about pain characteristics that may be associated with fear of falling, contributing to restricted activity. We studied 765 adults aged ≥65y (mean=78.9y) in the MOBILIZE Boston Study, to evaluate the cross-sectional relationship between pain characteristics and fear of falling measured using the Falls Efficacy Scale (FES). In addition, we examined the impact of pain and fear of falling on restricted activity. We measured 3 domains of global pain: pain distribution (none, single site or multisite pain), and Brief Pain Inventory subscales of pain severity and pain interference. Restricted activity days (RADs) refer to the count of self-reported days of reduced activity due to illness or injury in the previous 12 months. We performed multivariable logistic regressions predicting fear of falling (FES<90/100) adjusted for sociodemographics, fall history and fall risk factors. Participants with multisite pain or moderate-to-high pain interference ratings were more likely to have fear of falling (adj.OR 1.97, 95%CI 1.05-3.67; adj.OR 4.02, 95%CI 2.0-8.06, respectively). Pain severity was not associated with FES. Older adults with multisite pain and fear of falling reported significantly more RADs than those with multisite pain without fear of falling (79±135 and 26±74 RADs, respectively; test for pain x FES interaction, p=0.01). Older adults with chronic pain have greater fear of falling which may contribute to restricted activity. Efforts are needed to increase activity and falls efficacy among older adults with chronic pain.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Davis, Reviewed by: Mellar P. "Pain-Related Fear: Exposure-Based Treatment of Chronic Pain." Journal of Palliative Medicine 16, no. 9 (September 2013): 1158–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jpm.2013.9480.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Vandael, Kristof, Michel Meulders, Celine Vanden Boer, and Ann Meulders. "The relationship between fear generalization and pain modulation: an investigation in healthy participants." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 20, no. 1 (December 18, 2019): 151–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjpain-2019-0065.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractBackground and aimsPain-related fear and its subsequent generalization is key to the development and maintenance of chronic pain disability. Research has shown that pain-related fear acquired through classical conditioning generalizes following a gradient, that is, novel movements that are proprioceptively similar to the original pain-associated movement elicit more fear. Studies suggest that classical conditioning can also modulate pain and conditioned fear seems to mediate this effect. However, it remains uninvestigated whether this is also the case for generalized fear.MethodsIn a voluntary joystick movement paradigm, one movement (conditioned stimulus; CS+) was followed by pain (pain-US), and another was not (CS−). Generalization to five novel movements (generalization stimuli; GSs) with varying levels of similarity to the CSs was tested when paired with an at-pain-threshold intensity stimulus (threshold-USs). We collected self-reported fear and pain, as well as eyeblink startle responses as an additional index of conditioned fear.ResultsResults showed a fear generalization gradient in the ratings, but not in the startle measures. The data did not support the idea that fear generalization mediates spreading of pain.ConclusionsDespite the lack of effects in the current study, this is a promising novel approach to investigate pain modulation in the context of chronic pain.ImplicationsThis study replicates the finding that pain-related fear spreads selectively towards movements that are proprioceptively more similar to the original pain-eliciting movement. Although results did not support the idea that such generalized fear mediates spreading of pain, the study provides a promising approach to investigate pain modulation by pain-associated movements.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Crombez, Geert, Johan W. S. Vlaeyen, Peter H. T. G. Heuts, and Roland Lysens. "Pain-related fear is more disabling than pain itself: evidence on the role of pain-related fear in chronic back pain disability." Pain 80, no. 1 (March 1999): 329–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3959(98)00229-2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Horn, Maggie E., Meryl J. Alappattu, Charles W. Gay, and Mark Bishop. "Fear of Severe Pain Mediates Sex Differences in Pain Sensitivity Responses to Thermal Stimuli." Pain Research and Treatment 2014 (January 5, 2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/897953.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this paper was to examine the relationship of sex and pain-related fear in pain intensity reports to thermal stimuli and whether sex differences in reported pain intensity were mediated by pain-related fear. 177 participants, 124 female (23.5 ± 4.5 years old), filled out a demographic and fear of pain questionnaire (FPQ-III). Experimental pain testing was performed using thermal stimuli applied to the lower extremity. Participants rated the intensity of pain using the numerical pain rating scale (NPRS). Independent t-tests, Sobel’s test, and linear regression models were performed to examine the relationships between sex, fear of pain, and pain sensitivity. We found significant sex differences for thermal pain threshold temperatures (t=2.04, P=0.04) and suprathreshold pain ratings for 49°C (t=-2.12, P=0.04) and 51°C (t=-2.36, P=0.02). FPQ-severe score mediated the effect of suprathreshold pain ratings of 49° (t=2.00, P=0.05), 51° (t=2.07, P=0.04), and pain threshold temperatures (t=-2.12, P=0.03). There are differences in the pain sensitivity between sexes, but this difference may be mediated by baseline psychosocial factors such as fear of pain.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Zdun-Ryżewska, Agata, and Krzysztof Basiński. "Fear avoidance model – review of selected reports." BÓL 17, no. 4 (January 6, 2017): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.7382.

Full text

Abstract:

SUMMARY: Based on the bio-psycho-social approach, fear-avoidance model can be used in situations when somebody avoids movement because of fear of pain. This model can be applied in groups of patients with low back pain and musculoskeletal pain and explains how acute pain becomes chronic. A simple behavioral model of classical and operant conditioning that explains activity avoidance was developed into a more sophisticated, cognitive-behavioral fear-avoidance model, postulating the existence of a vicious circle that causes increasing disability of patients in chronic pain. The variables involved in this mechanism are catastrophizing, fear of activity, avoiding movement, increased distress and fear-avoidance beliefs. This article also presents some further improvements to the model that include pain intensity and motivational theory. A brief overview of tools used in research on fear-avoidance is also presented. It is recommended to take Fear Avoidance Model in to consideration when working with patients with no improvement and the risk of recurrent episodes of pain. Further studies are needed to empirically verify the fear-avoidance model.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Lundberg, M., A. Grimby-Ekman, J. Verbunt, and M. J. Simmonds. "Pain-Related Fear: A Critical Review of the Related Measures." Pain Research and Treatment 2011 (November 15, 2011): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/494196.

Full text

Abstract:

Objectives: In regards to pain-related fear, this study aimed to: (1) identify existing measures and review their measurement properties, and (2) identify the optimum measure for specific constructs of fear-avoidance, pain-related fear, fear of movement, and kinesiophobia. Design: Systematic literature search for instruments designed to measure fear of pain in patients with persistent musculoskeletal pain. Psychometric properties were evaluated by adjusted Wind criteria. Results: Five questionnaires (Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ), Fear-Avoidance of Pain Scale (FAPS), Fear of Pain Questionnaire (FPQ), Pain and Anxiety Symptoms Scale (PASS), and the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK)) were included in the review. The main findings were that for most questionnaires, there was no underlying conceptual model to support the questionnaire's construct. Psychometric properties were evaluated by diverse methods, which complicated comparisons of different versions of the same questionnaires. Construct validity and responsiveness was generally not supported and/or untested. Conclusion: The weak construct validity implies that no measure can currently identify who is fearful. The lack of evidence for responsiveness restricts the current use of the instruments to identify clinically relevant change from treatment. Finally, more theoretically driven research is needed to support the construct and thus the measurement of pain-related fear.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Steven, J. Linton, Nina Buer, Lars Samuelsson, and Karin Harms-Ringdahl. "Pain-related fear, catastrophizing and pain in the recovery from a fracture." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 1, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2009.09.004.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractBackground and aimsPain-related fear and catastrophizing are prominently related to acute and persistent back pain, but little is known about their role in pain and function after a fracture. Since fractures have a clear etiology and time point they are of special interest for studying the process of recovery. Moreover, fracture injuries are interesting in their own right since patients frequently do not recover fully from them and relatively little is known about the psychological aspects. We speculated that catastrophizing and fear-avoidance beliefs might be associated with more pain and poorer recovery after an acute, painful fracture injury.MethodsTo this end we conducted a prospective cohort study recruiting 70 patients with fractures of the wrist or the ankle. Participants completed standardized assessments of fear, pain, catastrophizing, degree of self-rated recovery, mobility and strength within 24 h of injury, and at 3- and 9-month follow-ups. Participants were also categorized as having high or low levels of fear-avoidance beliefs by comparing their scores on the first two assessments with the median from the general population. To consolidate the data the categorizations from the two assessments were combined and patients could therefore have consistently high, consistently low, increasing, or decreasing levels.ResultsResults indicated that levels of fear-avoidance beliefs and catastrophizing were fairly low on average. At the first assessment 69% of the patients expected a full recovery within 6 months, but in fact only 29% were fully recovered at the 9-month follow-up. Similarly, comparisons between the affected and non-affected limb showed that 71% of those with a wrist fracture and 58% with an ankle fracture were not fully recovered on grip strength and heel-rise measures. Those classified as having consistently high or increasing levels of fear-avoidance beliefs had a substantially increased risk of more intense future pain (adjusted OR = 3.21). Moreover, those classified as having consistently high or increasing levels of catastrophizing had an increased risk for a less than full recovery of strength by almost six-fold (adjusted OR = 5.87).Conclusions and implications This is the first investigation to our knowledge where the results clearly suggest that fear and catastrophizing, especially when the level increases, may be important determinants of recovery after an acute, painful, fracture injury. These results support the fear-avoidance model and suggest that psychological factors need to be considered in the recovery process after a fracture.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Gatchel, Robert J., Randy Neblett, Nancy Kishino, and Christopher T. Ray. "Fear-Avoidance Beliefs and Chronic Pain." Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy 46, no. 2 (February 2016): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2519/jospt.2016.0601.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Crombez, Geert, Christopher Eccleston, Stefaan Van Damme, Johan W. S. Vlaeyen, and Paul Karoly. "Fear-Avoidance Model of Chronic Pain." Clinical Journal oF Pain 28, no. 6 (2012): 475–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ajp.0b013e3182385392.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Vlaeyen, Johan W. S., Geert Crombez, and Steven J. Linton. "The fear-avoidance model of pain." PAIN 157, no. 8 (August 2016): 1588–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000574.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Bradley, Margaret M., Tammy Silakowski, and Peter J. Lang. "Fear of pain and defensive activation☆." Pain 137, no. 1 (June 2008): 156–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pain.2007.08.027.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Nelson, C., M. Mittinty, C. Wright, M. Arias, E. Kao, K. Neiswanger, R. Weyant, et al. "(310) Fear of Pain during Pregnancy." Journal of Pain 20, no. 4 (April 2019): S51—S52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2019.01.467.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Waddell, Gordon. "Can Fear of Pain Cause Disability?" Back Letter 5, no. 6 (1991): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00130561-199105060-00001.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Troup, J. D. G., and P. D. Slade. "Fear avoidance and chronic musculoskeletal pain." Stress Medicine 1, no. 3 (July 1985): 217–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smi.2460010312.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Wilson, Jenna M., Ilana Haliwa, Jerin Lee, and Natalie J. Shook. "The role of dispositional mindfulness in the fear-avoidance model of pain." PLOS ONE 18, no. 1 (January 27, 2023): e0280740. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280740.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective The fear-avoidance model of pain posits that a painful stimulus is interpreted through pain catastrophizing, which leads to negative downstream cognitions, emotions, and behaviors that shape the experience of pain. As dispositional mindfulness is associated with less catastrophizing and pain, some researchers have suggested incorporating mindfulness into the fear-avoidance model. Across two studies, we empirically tested dispositional mindfulness as a stand-alone component within the fear-avoidance model of pain. Methods Two independent, online cross-sectional surveys (Ns = 362 and 580 U.S. adults) were conducted. Participants completed validated assessments of mindfulness, pain catastrophizing, fear of pain, pain vigilance, depression, pain intensity, and pain sensitivity. Using structural equation modeling, we tested the inclusion of dispositional mindfulness in the fear-avoidance model of pain. We proposed that greater mindfulness would be associated with less pain catastrophizing, which in turn would be associated with less fear of pain, leading to less depression, and then ultimately less pain intensity and pain sensitivity. Results Across both studies, the fear-avoidance model of pain did not fit the data well, with or without mindfulness included. We found that a simplified model fit the data best (Study 1: χ2/df = 1.83; CFI = .981; RMSEA = .049, 90% CI [0.019, 0.076]; SRMR = 0.031; Study 2: χ2/df = 2.23; CFI = .976; RMSEA = .046, 90% CI [0.026, 0.067]; SRMR = .031), such that greater mindfulness was significantly associated with less pain catastrophizing and, in turn, lower levels of pain intensity and pain sensitivity. Conclusion Our findings suggest that a simplified model, compared to the traditional fear-avoidance model, may partly explain the experience of pain among individuals without chronic pain. Future work should examine the temporal associations among these variables to inform the employment of future empirically supported interventions for pain management.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Asmundson, Gordon JG, Melanie Noel, Mark Petter, and Holly A. Parkerson. "Pediatric Fear-Avoidance Model of Chronic Pain: Foundation, Application and Future Directions." Pain Research and Management 17, no. 6 (2012): 397–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/908061.

Full text

Abstract:

The fear-avoidance model of chronic musculoskeletal pain has become an increasingly popular conceptualization of the processes and mechanisms through which acute pain can become chronic. Despite rapidly growing interest and research regarding the influence of fear-avoidance constructs on pain-related disability in children and adolescents, there have been no amendments to the model to account for unique aspects of pediatric chronic pain. A comprehensive understanding of the role of fear-avoidance in pediatric chronic pain necessitates understanding of both child/adolescent and parent factors implicated in its development and maintenance. The primary purpose of the present article is to propose an empirically-based pediatric fear-avoidance model of chronic pain that accounts for both child/adolescent and parent factors as well as their potential interactive effects. To accomplish this goal, the present article will define important fear-avoidance constructs, provide a summary of the general fear-avoidance model and review the growing empirical literature regarding the role of fear-avoidance constructs in pediatric chronic pain. Assessment and treatment options for children with chronic pain will also be described in the context of the proposed pediatric fear-avoidance model of chronic pain. Finally, avenues for future investigation will be proposed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Fear of pain'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles