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Laber, Micaela. "The Politics of Biosimilars: Understanding Stakeholder Influence Over Complex Policy Problems." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2018. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1815.
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The health care industry’s involvement with biosimilar policies suggests that building coalitions and reducing opposition are critical factors for interest group success. As government decision-makers wrestle with how to handle a perplexing category of prescription drugs, companies and patient groups alike receive ample opportunities to contribute to the policymaking process. When stakeholders in the biosimilar arena – including manufacturers, physicians, and patients – unite, we see that the United States government takes steps toward fixing the policy problem. This occurred most recently with policies about biosimilar drug coverage under Medicare Part D and reimbursement under Medicare Part B. In both cases, stakeholders took a united stance and consequently faced no opposition. On the contrary, internal industry disputes between brand and biosimilar manufacturers about patent exclusivity laws and interchangeability rules revealed the nuances of biosimilar policy and the challenge that regulators face when they receive mixed messages. Across all of their efforts, biosimilar stakeholders pursued numerous strategies which may have contributed to their successes. They focused on niche issues and used their lobbying expertise to actively submit comments, testify in hearings, and meet with government officials; however, the differentiating tactic between the industry’s successes and failures was whether they formed coalitions. By coming together, stakeholders lowered their chances of facing opposition. A closer analysis of the politics of biosimilars illustrates that when they present a united front to lawmakers, interest groups reduce the likelihood of opposition and successfully influence policy change.
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Pereira, Daniel Rodrigues. "Equivalência entre dois algoritmos de pontos interiores FDIPA e FDA-NCP." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2017. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/4075.
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Apresentamos neste trabalho o algoritmo de pontos interiores e direções viáveis denominado FDIPA para resolução de problemas de otimização definido por uma função diferenciável e por restrições de desigualdades. O algoritmo gera uma sequência de pontos interiores a partir de um dado ponto inicial também de interior e converge globalmente com ordem superlinear para um par Karush-Kuhn-Tucker do problema. A cada iteração uma direção de descida da função potencial é calculada inicialmente pela resolução de um sistema nas variáveis dual e primal. Apresentamos também o algoritmo FDA para resolução de problemas de complementaridade definido por uma função diferenciável e não linear. Mostramos a equivalência entre os dois métodos no sentido de gerarem as mesmas direções de descida, viável e de restauração a partir de uma atualização dos multiplicadores de Lagrange do problema de otimização. Realizamos uma comparação entre os métodos em uma coletânea de problemas de complementaridade.
In this work we present the algorithm of internal points and viable directions denominated FDIPA to solve optimization problems defined by a differentiable function and by inequalities restrictions. The algorithm generates a sequence of interior points from a given interior starting point and converges globally with superlinear order to a Karush-Kuhn-Tucker pair of the problem. At each iteration a descent direction of the potential function is calculated initially by the solution of a system in the dual and primal variables. We also present the FDA algorithm to solve complementarity problems defined by a non-linear differentiable function. We show the equivalence between the two methods in the sense that they generate the same descent, feasible and restoring directions from an update to the Lagrange multipliers of the optimization problem. We perform a comparison between the two methods in a collection of complementarity problems.
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Lewis, Ryan. "A Problem Well Defined is Nearly Solved." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1277124765.
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Zeng, Sai. "Knowledge-based FEA Modeling Method for Highly Coupled Variable Topology Multi-body Problems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/4772.
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The increasingly competitive market is forcing the industry to develop higher-quality products more quickly and less expensively. Engineering analysis, at the same time, plays an important role in helping designers evaluate the performance of the designed product against design requirements. In the context of automated CAD/FEA integration, the domain-dependent engineers different usage views toward product models cause an information gap between CAD and FEA models, which impedes the interoperability among these engineering tools and the automatic transformation from an idealized design model into a solvable FEA model. Especially in highly coupled variable topology multi-body (HCVTMB) problems, this transformation process is usually very labor-intensive and time-consuming.
In this dissertation, a knowledge-based FEA modeling method, which consists of three information models and the transformation processes between these models, is presented. An Analysis Building Block (ABB) model represents the idealized analytical concepts in a FEA modeling process. Solution Method Models (SMMs) represent these analytical concepts in a solution technique-specific format. When FEA is used as the solution technique, an SMM consists of a Ready to Mesh Model (RMM) and a Control Information Model (CIM). An RMM is obtained from an ABB through geometry manipulation so that the quality mesh can be automatically generated using FEA tools. CIMs contain information that controls the FEA modeling and solving activities. A Solution Tool Model (STM) represents an analytical model at the tool-specific level to guide the entire FEA modeling process. Two information transformation processes are presented between these information models. A solution method mapping transforms an ABB into an RMM through a complex cell decomposition process and an attribute association process. A solution tool mapping transforms an SMM into an STM by mimicking an engineers selection of FEA modeling operations.
Four HCVTMB industrial FEA modeling cases are presented for demonstration and validation. These involve thermo-mechanical analysis scenarios: a simple chip package, a Plastic Ball Grid Array (PBGA), and an Enhanced Ball Grid Array (EBGA), as well as a thermal analysis scenario: another PBGA. Compared to traditional methods, results indicate that this method provides better knowledge capture and decreases the modeling time from days/hours to hours/minutes.
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Dong, Qin. "Research on MNCs' Supply Chain Implementation in China. Contents, problems and Recommendations." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00601747.
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Budrew, John. "Independent Catholic parishes and community involvement: focus on Holy Cross Parish and the community of Biscayne Gardens, Miami." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), access this title online, 1999. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p108-0011.
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Kraus, Laurie Ann. "There is a river, embracing diversity in the multicultural ministry setting." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), access this title online, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2986/tren.108-0007.
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Chen, Hsin-Ju. "The effectiveness of FBA-based interventions on social goals and behaviors of a student at risk of E/BD." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2009. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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LaCrone, Frederick P. "Grace Community Ministries, an evangelism and service project in a multicultural setting." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), access this title online, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2986/tren.108-0022.
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Coradin, Henrique Toniolo. "Estudo de acoplamento fluido-estrutura utilizando ferramentas de CFD e FEA para solução de problemas aeroelásticos." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2010. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2826.
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O presente trabalho apresenta uma metodologia para simular, numericamente, o comportamento de um corpo flexível quando exposto a um determinado escoamento. Assim, objetiva-se criar a capacidade de efetuar análises aeroelásticas em ambientes industriais, em especial na indústria aeronáutica, através de procedimentos eficientes para o acoplamento de programas computacionais comerciais de dinâmica dos fluidos e de análise estrutural. O acoplamento pretendido é do tipo "transferência nos dois sentidos", em que o fluido gera cargas para a estrutura e esta, por sua vez, responde deformando-se; sendo que a nova geometria deformada fornece novas condições de contorno para a análise aerodinâmica. O ciclo de solução concomitante dos dois conjuntos de equações é repetido até que se possa caracterizar o comportamento aeroelástico da aeronave, ou da configuração de uma maneira geral, para dada condição de voo. Alguns dos fenômenos aeroelásticos que se tem interesse em analisar incluem divergência aeroelástica e flutter. Nos casos de aeroelasticidade estática, basta a utilização de simulações em regime permanente, devidamente acopladas ao modelo estrutural. O estudo de flutter consiste, por sua vez, em problemas de caracterização dinâmica do sistema aeroelástico, sendo necessário simular o regime transitório do sistema. Devido à existência de dados disponíveis na literatura, é utilizada a configuração da asa AGARD 445.6 para comparação de resultados. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que a metodologia proposta neste trabalho é válida para realizar análises aeroelásticas em um ambiente industrial.
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Golding, Fay M. "Support group and pilot project for migrating Jamaican middle-class mothers who have problems with their families." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2008. http://www.tren.com.
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Bomtempo, Flávia Rosa. "Respostas ao teste dos contos de fadas em crianças com e sem problemas de aprendizagem." Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10923/4793.
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Previous issue date: 2011Learning problems are still on the agenda in the classroom and in scientific studies. In order to understand the psychic aspects in children with problems in terms of acquisition and maintenance of the process of reading, writing and mathematical calculations. This study was prepared in two sections: a theoretical and empirical. The theoretical section discusses aspects of the literature over the learning process in reading and writing, from the meaning that learning and socio demographic took to the formation of society, to the difficulties that appear in the process. We highlight the contribution of authors on the topic, considering organic and socio-emotional family factors. Also, psychoanalytic thinkers describe the timing of the psychosexual development of children past six years old, as a period that coincides with the onset of literacy. The empirical section depicts a cross-sectional quantitative study, operated from the elaboration of a Personal and Sociodemographic Data Sheet, the Coloured Progressive Matrices Test Raven Behavior Inventory for Children and Adolescents (CBCL) and Test Fairy Tales (TCF) in a sample of 64 children, aged between 06 and 11 years. The sample was located, for convenience, in public and private schools in Goiânia (GO) and the Metropolitan Region and was divided into two groups: one composed of 32 children with learning problems (G1), and also with the other 32 children without Learning Problems (G2). The TCF was used to identify similarities and differences in children's responses, the 30 variables related System Categorization Answers. The data obtained in the Personal and Sociodemographic Data Sheet, the Raven Test and the CBCL were analyzed using descriptive statistics. For comparison between groups, was used the Fisher Exact Test. The results point to, more significantly, to the following variables of the System Characterization of TCF Answers: need for affiliation, sexual concerns, bizarre responses, oral agressions, impulsive aggressions, ambivalence / uncertainty, self esteem, morality, fear of aggression, anxiety/illness, anxiety / self image, anxiety / death, anxiety / withdrawal and relationship with mother. Children from G1, in general, show more (than the G2) self-image and self esteem negatively with the needs from the previous steps, experiencing feelings of incompetence and loss of things or afections, perceive the motherly figure punitive and rejective. From the responses of the children’s G2 group, was also possible to identify variables that denote dangers or fears in the face of threats, primitive agressive actions, lack of thrust and fear of punishment and guilt. These aspects can be linked to unconscious conflicts and although these children do not have learning problems, it does not mean that they will not demonstrate some kind of affective mobilization.
Os problemas de aprendizagem são dificuldades que estão em pauta nas salas de aula e nos estudos científicos. Assim sendo, o objetivo foi o de compreender aspectos psíquicos em crianças com problemas em termos de aquisição e manutenção do processo da leitura, escrita e cálculos matemáticos. O presente estudo foi elaborado em duas seções: uma teórica e uma empírica. A seção teórica aborda aspectos da literatura sobre o processo de aprendizagem em leitura e escrita, desde o significado que o aprender adquiriu para a formação da sociedade, até as dificuldades que aparecem no processo. Destaca-se o aporte de autores que abordam o tema, considerando fatores orgânicos, emocionais e sociofamiliares. Também, de pensadores psicanalíticos para descrever o momento do desenvolvimento psicossexual de crianças a partir dos seis anos, período que coincide com o início da alfabetização. A seção empírica retrata um estudo quantitativo do tipo transversal, operacionalizado a partir da administração da Ficha de Dados Pessoais e Sociodemográficos, do Teste Matrizes Progressivas Coloridas de Raven, Inventário de Comportamento da Infância e Adolescência (CBCL) e do Teste dos Contos de Fadas (TCF) em uma amostra de 64 crianças, com idade entre 6 e 11 anos. A amostra foi localizada, por conveniência, em escolas públicas e privadas da cidade de Goiânia (GO) e Região Metropolitana e foi dividida em dois grupos: um composto por 32 crianças com Problemas de Aprendizagem (G1), e outro, também com 32 crianças, sem Problemas de Aprendizagem (G2). O TCF foi utilizado para identificar semelhanças e diferenças nas respostas das crianças, relacionadas às 30 variáveis do Sistema de Categorização de Respostas. Os dados obtidos na Ficha de Dados Pessoais e Sociodemográficos, no Teste Raven e no CBCL foram analisados utilizando-se técnicas de estatística descritiva. Para a comparação entre grupos foi utilizado o Teste Exato de Fisher. Os resultados apontam, com significância estatística, para as seguintes variáveis do Sistema de Caracterização de Respostas do TCF: Necessidade de Afiliação, Preocupação Sexual, Respostas Bizarras, Agressão Oral, Agressão Impulsiva, Ambivalência/Incerteza, Autoestima, Moralidade, Medo de Agressão, Ansiedade/Doença, Ansiedade/Autoimagem, Ansiedade/Morte, Ansiedade/Privação e Relação com a Mãe. As crianças do G1 (com problemas de aprendizagem), demonstram (mais que as do G2) uma autoimagem e autoestima negativas, com necessidades de etapas anteriores, vivenciando sentimentos de incompetência e de perda de coisas ou afetos, e percebem a figura materna rejeitadora e punitiva. Nas respostas das crianças do G2 também foi possível identificar variáveis que denotam temor frente a perigos ou ameaças, ações e agressões primitivas, falta de confiança e medo de punição e culpa. Tais aspectos podem estar vinculados a conflitos inconscientes e, embora estas crianças não apresentem problemas de aprendizagem, não significa que não demonstrem algum tipo de mobilização afetiva.
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Ackermann, Henry F. "In the world and yet not of the world, the tension of community ministry with pastoral ministry in South Florida." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), access this title online, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2986/tren.108-0008.
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Moreno, Gerardo. "Frequency and quality of the implementation of functional behavioral assessments as reported by educators." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9749/.
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The research investigation reported herein examined the quality and experience of the functional behavioral assessment (FBA) process as reported by educators working with students with emotional/behavioral disorders (EBD). The data accrued is based on a 30-item survey and participant telephone interviews examined the overall knowledge of the FBA process by educators and their general experience when conducting a FBA, specifically the procedural timeline, types of education professionals involved, and typical outcomes and results. Survey responses indicated two common barriers in the FBA implementation which often inhibit best practice: lack of true collaborative teamwork and insufficient communication among FBA team members. Survey responses also indicated a level of statistical significance from education professionals working in elementary school settings who self-rated positively higher when conducting a FBA than those education professionals working on either a secondary or special campus. Additionally, participant interviews indicated a growing awareness of the advantages of using the FBA as an early intervention process when dealing with challenging behaviors.
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Kitapbayev, Yerkin. "Optimal stopping problems with applications to mathematical finance." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/optimal-stopping-problems-with-applications-to-mathematical-finance(6e099f06-f6da-429d-ad92-707883440335).html.
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The main contribution of the present thesis is a solution to finite horizon optimalstopping problems associated with pricing several exotic options, namely the Americanlookback option with fixed strike, the British lookback option with fixed strike,American swing put option and shout put option. We assume the geometric Brownianmotion model and under the Markovian setting we reduce the optimal stoppingproblems to free-boundary problems. The latter we solve by probabilistic argumentswith help of local time-space calculus on curves ([52]) and we characterise optimalexercise boundaries as the unique solution to certain integral equations. Then usingthese optimal stopping boundaries the option price can be obtained. The significance of Chapters 2 and 3 is a development of a method of scaling strikewhich helps to reduce three-dimensional optimal stopping problems, for lookbackoptions with fixed strike, including a maximum process to two-dimensional one withvarying parameter. In Chapter 3 we show a remarkable example where, for somevalues of the set parameters, the optimal exercise surface is discontinuous whichmeans that the three-dimensional problem could not be tackled straightforwardlyusing local time-space calculus on surfaces ([55]). This emphasises another advantageoffered by the reduction method. In Chapter 4 we study the multiple optimal stopping problems with a put payoffassociated to American swing option using local time-space calculus. To our knowledgethis is the first work where a) a sequence of integral equations has been obtainedfor consecutive optimal exercise boundaries and b) the early exercise premium representationhas been derived for swing option price. Chapter 5 deals with the shoutput option which allows the holder to lock the profit at some time τ and then attime T take the maximum between two payoffs at τ and T. The novelty of the workis that it provides a rigorous analysis of the free-boundary problem by probabilisticarguments and derives an integral equation for the optimal shouting boundary alongwith the shouting premium representation for the option price in some cases. Thisapproach can also be applied to other shout and reset options. In Chapter 6 we discuss a problem of the smooth-fit property for the American putoption in an exponential Levy model. In [2] the necessary and sufficient conditionwas obtained for the perpetual case. Recently Lamberton and Mikou [40] coveredalmost all cases for an exponential Levy model with dividends on finite horizon andwe study remaining cases. Firstly, we take the logarithm of the stock price as a Levyprocess of finite variation with zero drift and finitely many jumps, and prove thatone has the smooth-fit property without regularity unlike in the infinite horizon case. Secondly, we provide some analysis and calculations for another case uncovered in[40] where the drift is positive but for all maturities and removing the additionalcondition they used. The result of Chapter 1 is contained in the publication [33] and results of Chapters2-5 are exposed in preprints [34], [17] and [35] that are submitted for publication.
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Bomtempo, Fl?via Rosa. "Respostas ao teste dos contos de fadas em crian?as com e sem problemas de aprendizagem." Pontif?cia Universidade Cat?lica do Rio Grande do Sul, 2011. http://tede2.pucrs.br/tede2/handle/tede/766.
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Previous issue date: 2011-08-25Os problemas de aprendizagem s?o dificuldades que est?o em pauta nas salas de aula e nos estudos cient?ficos. Assim sendo, o objetivo foi o de compreender aspectos ps?quicos em crian?as com problemas em termos de aquisi??o e manuten??o do processo da leitura, escrita e c?lculos matem?ticos. O presente estudo foi elaborado em duas se??es: uma te?rica e uma emp?rica. A se??o te?rica aborda aspectos da literatura sobre o processo de aprendizagem em leitura e escrita, desde o significado que o aprender adquiriu para a forma??o da sociedade, at? as dificuldades que aparecem no processo. Destaca-se o aporte de autores que abordam o tema, considerando fatores org?nicos, emocionais e sociofamiliares. Tamb?m, de pensadores psicanal?ticos para descrever o momento do desenvolvimento psicossexual de crian?as a partir dos seis anos, per?odo que coincide com o in?cio da alfabetiza??o. A se??o emp?rica retrata um estudo quantitativo do tipo transversal, operacionalizado a partir da administra??o da Ficha de Dados Pessoais e Sociodemogr?ficos, do Teste Matrizes Progressivas Coloridas de Raven, Invent?rio de Comportamento da Inf?ncia e Adolesc?ncia (CBCL) e do Teste dos Contos de Fadas (TCF) em uma amostra de 64 crian?as, com idade entre 6 e 11 anos. A amostra foi localizada, por conveni?ncia, em escolas p?blicas e privadas da cidade de Goi?nia (GO) e Regi?o Metropolitana e foi dividida em dois grupos: um composto por 32 crian?as com Problemas de Aprendizagem (G1), e outro, tamb?m com 32 crian?as, sem Problemas de Aprendizagem (G2). O TCF foi utilizado para identificar semelhan?as e diferen?as nas respostas das crian?as, relacionadas ?s 30 vari?veis do Sistema de Categoriza??o de Respostas. Os dados obtidos na Ficha de Dados Pessoais e Sociodemogr?ficos, no Teste Raven e no CBCL foram analisados utilizando-se t?cnicas de estat?stica descritiva. Para a compara??o entre grupos foi utilizado o Teste Exato de Fisher. Os resultados apontam, com signific?ncia estat?stica, para as seguintes vari?veis do Sistema de Caracteriza??o de Respostas do TCF: Necessidade de Afilia??o, Preocupa??o Sexual, Respostas Bizarras, Agress?o Oral, Agress?o Impulsiva, Ambival?ncia/Incerteza, Autoestima, Moralidade, Medo de Agress?o, Ansiedade/Doen?a, Ansiedade/Autoimagem, Ansiedade/Morte, Ansiedade/Priva??o e Rela??o com a M?e. As crian?as do G1 (com problemas de aprendizagem), demonstram (mais que as do G2) uma autoimagem e autoestima negativas, com necessidades de etapas anteriores, vivenciando sentimentos de incompet?ncia e de perda de coisas ou afetos, e percebem a figura materna rejeitadora e punitiva. Nas respostas das crian?as do G2 tamb?m foi poss?vel identificar vari?veis que denotam temor frente a perigos ou amea?as, a??es e agress?es primitivas, falta de confian?a e medo de puni??o e culpa. Tais aspectos podem estar vinculados a conflitos inconscientes e, embora estas crian?as n?o apresentem problemas de aprendizagem, n?o significa que n?o demonstrem algum tipo de mobiliza??o afetiva
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Olm-Stoelting, Keran. "Moving into the light." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), access this title online, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2986/tren.108-0029.
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Mitchell, Darel D. "Equipping a long range planning committee to develop ministry action plans at the First Baptist Church of Chiefland, Florida." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1997. http://www.tren.com.
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Daly, John Louis Jr. "On Comparison of Indentation Models." Scholar Commons, 2007. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3899.
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Thin films that are functionally gradient improve the mechanical properties
of film-substrate layered materials. Mechanical properties of such materials are
found by using indentation tests. In this study, finite element models are
developed to simulate the indentation test. The models are based on an
axisymmetric half space of a specimen subjected to spherical indentation. The
film layer through the thickness is modeled to have either homogeneous material
properties or nonhomogeneous material properties that vary linearly.
Maximum indenter displacement, and maximum normal and shear
stresses at the interface are compared between the homogeneous model and
the nonhomogeneous model for pragmatic contact length to film thickness ratios
of 0.2 to 0.4, and film to substrate moduli ratios of 1 to 200 to 1.
Additionally, a coefficient is derived from regression of the stress data
produced by these models and compared to that used to define the pressure field
in the axisymmetric Hertzian contact model. The results of this study suggest
that a displacement boundary condition to an indenter produces the same results
as a pressure distribution boundary condition.
The critical normal stresses that occur between modeling a film as a
nonhomogeneous and as a homogeneous material vary from 19% for a modulus
ratio of 2.5:1 to as high as 66% for a modulus ratio of 200:1 indicating that the
modeling techniques produced very different maximum normal stresses. The
difference in the maximum shear stress between the nonhomogeneous and the
homogeneous models varied from 19% for a 2.5:1 modulus ratio to 57% for the
200:1 modulus ratio but reached values as low as 6% for the 50:1 modulus ratio.
The maximum contact depth between the nonhomogeneous and the
homogeneous models varied from 14% for the 2.5:1 case to as much as 75% in
the 200:1 case.
The results from the reapplication of the pressure field derived from the
regression coefficients and the
R2 values from these regression models indicate
the correctness of the regression model used as well as its ability to replicate the
normal stresses in the contact area and maximum indenter displacements in a
FEA model for both the homogeneous and the nonhomogeneous models for
modulus ratios ranging from 2.5:1 to 200:1.
The agreement between the regression based coefficients and the force
based coefficients suggests the validity for the use of the theoretical
axisymmetric Hertzian contact model for defining the pressure field in the contact
area and displacements for both the homogeneous case and the
nonhomogeneous case for the considered film to substrate moduli ratios and
contact length to film thickness ratios.
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Hoskin, Sara. "Foreclosures and Crime: Testing Social Disorganization Theory in the Suburbs." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5308.
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Foreclosures have increased in the US since the 1970's. The increase in foreclosures has caused concern among some researchers on their affect on crime. Social disorganization theory measures the effect various structural characteristics, such as poverty, residential instability/mobility, racial/ethnic heterogeneity, and family disruption have on crime. This study, though, is concerned with residential instability/mobility, or the presence of foreclosed houses in neighborhoods. Although most studies using this theory look at low-income neighborhoods, the following research looks at middle- and upper-income neighborhoods, which have been greatly affected by foreclosures. The theory also argues that the level of collective efficacy can reduce crime even in neighborhoods that are otherwise considered to be socially disorganized. Using ArcGIS mapping, the following research investigated 30 neighborhoods in Orange County, Florida that have high foreclosures in neighborhoods for the years of 2005-2009. Canvasses were conducted in all 30 neighborhoods to measure the level of collective efficacy within the neighborhoods to help explain the presence of high or low residential burglary. Thirteen neighborhoods stood out as noteworthy because they fell at the far end of the spectrum – high foreclosures and high crime, and high foreclosures and low crime. Some of the neighborhoods with high residential burglary did have strong indicators of low collective efficacy, while neighborhoods with low residential burglary had indicators of high collective efficacy. The majority of the indicators found in this research support previous research on various indicators of collective efficacy.ID: 031001271; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Adviser: John Lynxwiler.; Title from PDF title page (viewed February 21, 2013).; Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Central Florida, 2012.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 238-255).
Ed.D.
Doctorate
Sociology
Sciences
Sociology
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Moghrabi, Kassem. "Beyond-mean-field corrections and effective interactions in the nuclear many-body problem." Phd thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00908607.
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Mean-field approaches successfully reproduce nuclear bulk properties like masses and radii within the Energy Density Functional (EDF) framework. However, complex correlations are missing in mean-field models and several observables related to single-particle and collective nuclear properties cannot be predicted accurately. The necessity to provide a precise description of the available data as well as reliable predictions in the exotic regions of the nuclear chart motivates the use of more sophisticated beyond-mean-field models. Correlations and higher-order corrections (beyond the leading mean-field order) are introduced. A crucial aspect in these calculations is the choice of the effective interaction to be used when one goes beyond the leading order (available effective interactions are commonly adjusted at the mean-field level). In the first part, we deal with the equation of state of nuclear matter evaluated up to the second order with the phenomenological Skyrme force. We analyze the ultraviolet divergence that is related to the zero range of the interaction and we introduce Skyrme-type regularized interactions that can be used at second order for matter. Cutoff regularization and dimen- sional regularization techniques are explored and applied. In the latter case, connections are naturally established between the EDF framework and some techniques employed in Effective Field Theories. In the second part, we check whether the regularized interactions introduced for nuclear matter can be employed also for finite nuclei. As an illustration, this analysis is performed within the particle- vibration model that represents an example of beyond mean-field models where an ultraviolet divergence appears if zero-range forces are used. These first applications suggest several directions to be explored to finally provide regularized interactions that are specially tailored for beyond- mean-field calculations for finite nuclei. Conclusions and perspectives are finally illustrated.
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Léauté, H. "Étude géométrique du problème de l'intégration des équations différentielles partielles du premier ordre et à trois variables Suivi de Sur le frottement de pivotement /." Paris : Bibliothèque universitaire Pierre et Marie Curie (BUPMC), 2009. http://jubil.upmc.fr/sdx/pl/toc.xsp?id=TH_000286_001&fmt=upmc&idtoc=TH_000286_001-pleadetoc&base=fa.
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Ramaël, Bruno. "Caractérisation in situ des propriétés mécaniques des parois vasculaires par une technique non invasive." Thesis, Compiègne, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016COMP2314/document.
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La thèse s’axe sur l’identification des propriétés mécaniques des artères faciales. Elle s’inscrit dans le cadre du projet FlowFace, qui porte sur l’étude du réseau artériel facial par Imagerie de Résonance Magnétique (IRM). Elle s’appuie sur une campagne de mesures effectuées sur un échantillon de 30 témoins au CHU d’Amiens, qui a permis d’obtenir de manière non invasive l’évolution de la déformation des vaisseaux, ainsi que la mesure des débits les parcourant. Des pressions diastoliques et systoliques ont été mesurées au niveau du bras, indépendamment des mesures IRM. L’objectif de la thèse a été de modéliser la déformation patient-spécifique des vaisseaux sanguins et de mettre en place une technique d’optimisation, afin de déterminer leurs propriétés mécaniques par analyse inverse. Des simulations du comportement des vaisseaux sanguins ont été réalisées au moyen des logiciels d’ANSYS Inc., en modélisant les interactions fluide-structure aussi bien en couplage fort que faible. L’objectif a été de déterminer les déformations pariétales induites par les conditions hémodynamiques, ainsi que les pertes de charge dans les vaisseaux considérés. Les simulations ont mis en jeu des modèles hyperélastiques grande déformation pour simuler le comportement des parois. Les déplacements prédits par le modèle numérique ont été comparés aux déplacements expérimentaux mesurés par IRM. Les propriétés mécaniques des vaisseaux ont été identifiées au moyen de la technique d’optimisation proposée dans la suite ANSYS et basée sur les algorithmes de gradient et algorithmes génétiques. La méthode d’identification a été validée sur des fantômes de vaisseaux, consistant en des tubes cylindriques en élastomère, et pour lesquelles des mesures de déformation sous écoulement pulsé ont été acquises par imagerie IRM. Les valeurs des propriétés mécaniques ainsi déterminées ont été comparées à celles obtenues par tests de traction et tests de dilatation. Un des points cruciaux de l’identification a consisté en la détermination de l’état non pré-contraint. S’il est un paramètre connu pour les fantômes de vaisseaux, il est à déterminer pour les vaisseaux natifs. Le challenge de cette thèse a aussi été de déterminer les propriétés hyperélastiques des vaisseaux sanguins à partir des valeurs systoliques et diastoliques de pression et déformation. La méthode a permis de conclure que le module tangent en diastole avoisine 200 KPa alors que celui en systole se trouve dans un intervalle entre 300 KPa et 1 MPaThis thesis is based on identifying the mechanical properties of facial arteries. It is part of FlowFace project, which focuses on the study of the facial arterial system by MRI imaging. It is based on a measurement campaign conducted on a sample of 30 people at the Hospital of Amiens, which allowed obtaining noninvasively the evolution of the blood vessel deformation and the measurement of the flow. Diastolic and systolic pressures were measured at the arm independently of the MRI measurements. The aim of the thesis was to model the deformation of blood vessels and to implement an optimization technique to determine their mechanical properties by inverse analysis using MRI measurements of deformation. Simulations of the behavior of the blood vessels were performed, using ANSYS Inc. software, modeling fluid-structure interactions both strong and weak coupling. The objective was to determine the parietal deformations induced by hemodynamic conditions and pressure drops in the vessels concerned. The simulations involved hyperelastic and large deflection models to simulate the behavior of the wall. They allow calculate the numerical displacements that we compared with experimental displacements measured by MRI, the aim is that the difference between numerical and experimental be as low as possible to deduce the adequate mechanical parameters for the artery. To identify the mechanical properties of the vessels, the optimization technique proposed in ANSYS based on genetic algorithms or gradient algorithms was used. The identification method was validated on cylindrical tubes (elastomer), for which deformation measurements were acquired by MRI imaging under pulsating flow. The values of mechanical properties determined were compared with those obtained by traction tests and dilatation tests. One of the crucial points of identification involves the determination of the non-stress state. If it is a known parameter for the elastic tube, it has to be determining for blood vessels. The challenge of this thesis is to determine from a "minimum" quantity of pressure and deformation information, the hyper-elastic properties of blood vessels. The method based on a patient-specific geometry deformation concluded that the tangent modulus in diastole is approximately 200kPa while that in systole is in a range of 300 kPa to 1 MPa
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Lemos, João Pedro Ferreira Nogueira de. "Estratégias de crescimento sustentado e problemas estruturais da economia portuguesa." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/9398.
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JEL Classification: F43, P36Discute-se e defende-se no presente trabalho a importância do Investimento Direto Estrangeiro (IDE) e da internacionalização\exportações, como estratégias para garantir um crescimento sustentado da economia Portuguesa, bem como a sua influência, inter-relação e interação com dois dos principais problemas estruturais de Portugal, as “Baixas Qualificações” e a “Desigualdade da Distribuição do Rendimento”. Para compreender e sustentar estas relações, começa-se por fazer o enquadramento teórico destas estratégias e do seu impacto no crescimento económico, bem como caracterizar o seu estado de desenvolvimento em Portugal. Seguidamente, é feita uma análise descritiva, do comportamento, desde a entrada do país na União Europeia até à atualidade, de vários indicadores sócio e macroeconómicos, que ajudam a reforçar a escolha destas estratégias como apostas para um crescimento sustentado em Portugal, permitindo simultaneamente contextualizar os dois problemas estruturais em causa. É feita uma caracterização e análise dos mesmos, com vista a estabelecer, ao longo do trabalho, as conexões entre estes quatro vetores que melhor garantem um crescimento económico sustentado. No último capitulo, são sintetizadas e salientadas as relações dinâmicas (inter / intra) existentes entre as estratégias de crescimento e os problemas estruturais, Para finalizar o trabalho, apresentam-se algumas recomendações no sentido de potenciar a execução e os bons resultados das estratégias apontadas, passando pela mitigação/combate aos problemas estruturais, como caminho para um crescimento económico sustentado de Portugal.
The following paper discuss and support the importance of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Internationalization/Exports as main strategies to ensure a sustainable economic growth for Portuguese economy, and their influence, inter-relationship and interaction with two of main structural problems of Portugal, “Low Qualifications” and “Income Inequality”. To understand and support the dynamics, it starts with a theoretical framework of those strategies, and their impact on economic growth, as well as characterize their actual state of development in Portugal. Afterwards, it proceeds with a descriptive analysis of the behavior of some socio and macro-economic data since Portugal entered the European Union until nowadays, which supports and reinforce the choice of those strategies as pillars for a sustainable economic growth in the country, but also featuring the two structural problems. Those structural problems are analyzed and characterized, which help on the establishment of connections and linkages between the four referred vectors (strategies and problems), in order to promote sustainable economic growth. In the last chapter are summarized and highlighted the dynamics relationships (inter / intra) between the growth strategies and the structural problems. To finish the paper, some recommendations are presented, in order to enhance and raise the potential and good results of the suggested growth strategies, through the mitigation/overlap of the structural problems, as a path for a sustainable economic growth in Portugal
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"Ingeniería de comunicaciones 1. MTA5. Problemas "Jerarquía TDM y Jerarquía FDM"." Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas - UPC, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/306042.
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Chu, Liang-Ming, and 朱良敏. "The reason, present situation and the problem analysis of FDI in China." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52477553465265540829.
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Salzer, Simone. "Bedeutung, Erfassung und Veränderung interpersonaler Problemmuster in der Psychotherapieforschung : Eine Untersuchung mit dem Inventar zur Erfassung interpersonaler Probleme." Doctoral thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0006-ADBA-C.
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Smith, SHANE. "Reliability of Deterministic Optimization and Limits of RBDO in Application to a Practical Design Problem." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1410.
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A practical engineering design problem is used to examine the over-conservativeness of designs obtained using deterministic optimization with worst-case parameter assumptions and a safety factor. Additionally, an attempted application of reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) demonstrates the limits of RBDO for practical problems. The design problem considered here is TESCO's Internal Casing Drive System (ICDS), which is used in feeding pipeline, or casing, into predrilled holes.
After developing a finite element model of the ICDS, experimental data is used to successfully validate modeling methods and assumptions. The validated model is then subjected to multiple analyses to determine an appropriate design configuration to be used as the starting point for optimization. Worst-case, safety factor-based design optimization (SFBDO) is then applied considering two and three design variables, and is successful in increasing the critical load of the ICDS, Pcrit, by 35% and 45%, respectively.
An efficient and recognized RBDO method, Sequential Optimization and Reliability Assessment, is selected for application to the design problem to determine an optimum design based on reliability. Due to the optimization formulation, however, SORA cannot be applied. The ICDS design problem represents a practical example that demonstrates the difficulties and limits in applying RBDO to practical engineering design problems.
To evaluate the over-conservativeness of worst-case SFBDO, structural reliability analysis is performed on the deterministic optimum designs. It is found that the value of Pcrit for both the two and three variable optimum designs can be increased by 53% while maintaining acceptable probability of failure, demonstrating the over-conservativeness of the worst-case SFBDO.Thesis (Master, Mechanical and Materials Engineering) -- Queen's University, 2008-09-05 10:51:26.273
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Anoop, K. P. "Truncated Data Problems In Helical Cone-Beam Tomography." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/766.
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This report delves into two of the major truncated data problems in helical cone-beam tomography: Axial truncation and Lateral truncation. The problem of axial truncation, also classically known as the Long Object problem, was a major challenge in the development of helical scan tomography. Generalization of the Feldkamp method (FDK) for circular scan to the helical scan trajectory was known to give reasonable solutions to the problem. The FDK methods are approximate in nature and hence provide only approximate solution to the long object problem. Recently, many methods which provide exact solution to this problem have been developed the major breakthrough being the Katsevich’s algorithm which is exact, efficient and also requires lesser detector area compared to Feldkamp methods. The first part of the report deals with the implementation strategies for methods capable of handling axial truncation. Here, we specifically look at the exact and efficient Katsevich’s solution to long object problem and the class of approximate solutions provided by the generalized FDK formulae.
The later half of the report looks at the lateral truncation problem and suggests new methods to handle such truncation in helical scan CT. Simulation results for reconstruction with laterally truncated projection data, assuming it to be complete, gives severe artifacts which even penetrates into the field of view (FOV). A row-by-row data completion approach using Linear Prediction is introduced for helical scan truncated data. An extension/improvement of this technique known as Windowed Linear Prediction approach is introduced. Efficacy of both these techniques are shown using simulation with standard phantoms. Various image quality measures for the resulting reconstructed images are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed methods against an already existing technique.
Motivated by a study of the autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation functions of the projection data the use of a non-stationary linear model, the ARIMA model, is proposed for data completion. The new model is first validated in the 2D truncated data situation. Also a method of incorporating the parallel beam data consistency condition into this new method is considered. Performance evaluation of the new method with consistency condition shows that it can outperform the existing techniques. Simulation experiments show the efficacy of the ARIMA model for data completion in 2D as well as 3D truncated data scenario. The model is shown to work well for the laterally truncated helical cone-beam case.
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Huang, Kuo-yu, and 黃國裕. "Research in the effect of agency problem to the degree of management echelon localization: case of MNCs FDI in china." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/48924749203750268264.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
企業管理系碩士班
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There are many factors that affect the MNCs overseas business operation performance, and the most important one is overseas business organization performance and overseas business manager’s ability. In the initial stage of FDI, MNCs almost expatriates to handle overseas business. When the business operations to a certain extent, the overseas business will start to hire local managers in order to accomplish economic benefits and long-term operate goals. Agency phenomena occur with the influence of local, however the localization of overseas business will effect by agency phenomena occur probability. This study will use the industry characteristics and management system to analyze the impact of the extent of MNCs localization. This study surveyed 110 random MNCs investing in Mainland China, and the 40 valid samples were finally used in the research. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) MNCs in China bring to different investment model, that has significant impact with the degree of the MNCs adopt localization. (2) Different nationalities about MNCs, that has significant impact with the degree of the MNCs adopt localization. (3) Different managerial way about personal, that has significant impact with the degree of the MNCs adopt localization. (4) The proportion of high and low in MNCs in China’s localization, that didn’t have significant impact with organizational performance.
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Sumith, K. "Performance Evaluation Of Fan-beam And Cone-beam Reconstruction Algorithms With No Backprojection Weight On Truncated Data Problems." Thesis, 2012. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/2343.
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This work focuses on using the linear prediction based projection completion for the fan-beam and cone-beam reconstruction algorithm with no backprojection weight. The truncated data problems are addressed in the computed tomography research. However, the image reconstruction from truncated data perfectly has not been achieved yet and only approximately accurate solutions have been obtained. Thus research in this area continues to strive to obtain close result to the perfect. Linear prediction techniques are adopted for truncation completion in this work, because previous research on the truncated data problems also have shown that this technique works well compared to some other techniques like polynomial fitting and iterative based methods. The Linear prediction technique is a model based technique. The autoregressive (AR) and moving average (MA) are the two important models along with autoregressive moving average (ARMA) model. The AR model is used in this work because of the simplicity it provides in calculating the prediction coefficients. The order of the model is chosen based on the partial autocorrelation function of the projection data proved in the previous researches that have been carried out in this area of interest. The truncated projection completion using linear prediction and windowed linear prediction show that reasonably accurate reconstruction is achieved. The windowed linear prediction provide better estimate of the missing data, the reason for this is mentioned in the literature and is restated for the reader’s convenience in this work.
The advantages associated with the fan-beam reconstruction algorithms with no backprojection weights compared to the fan-beam reconstruction algorithm with backprojection weights motivated us to use the fan-beam reconstruction algorithm with no backprojection weight for reconstructing the truncation completed projection data. The results obtained are compared with the previous work which used conventional fan-beam reconstruction algorithms with backprojection weight. The intensity plots and the noise performance results show improvements resulting from using the fan-beam reconstruction algorithm with no backprojection weight. The work is also extended to the Feldkamp, Davis, and Kress (FDK) reconstruction algorithm with no backprojection weight for the helical scanning geometry and the results obtained are compared with the FDK reconstruction algorithm with backprojection weight for the helical scanning geometry.
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De, Alba Murrieta Felipe de Jesús. "L'eau à Mexico : problème de gouvernance ou de gouvernabilité ? = El agua en la metropole de México : un problema de gobernanza o de gobernabilidad ?" Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/6543.
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