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Meckstroth, Gregory A. Jr. "FBCs for NBDs in Cincinnati, Ohio." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1243302122.
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A, Meckstroth Gregory. "FBCs for NBDs in Cincinnati, Ohio." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1243302122.
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Thesis (Master of Community Planning)--University of Cincinnati, 2009.Advisor: Menelaos Triantafillou. Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Aug. 12, 2009). Includes abstract. Keywords: Form Based Codes; Cincinnati, Ohio; FBC; NBD; Neighborhood Business District. Includes bibliographical references.
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Morali, Ekrem Mehmet. "Mathematical Modeling Of Fbcs Co-fired With Lignite And Biomass." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608552/index.pdf.
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Increasing environmental legislations on pollutant emissions originated from fossil fuel combustion and intention of increasing the life of existing fossil fuels give rise to the use of renewable sources. Biomass at this juncture, with its renewable nature and lower pollutant emission levels becomes an attractive energy resource. However, only seasonal availability of biomass and operation problems caused by high alkaline content of biomass ash restrict its combustion alone. These problems can be overcome by co-combustion of biomass with lignite. With its high fuel flexibility and high combustion efficiency, fluidized bed combustion is the most promising technology for co-firing. To improve and optimize the operation of co-firing systems a detailed understanding of co-combustion of coal and biomass is necessary, which can be achieved both with experiments and modeling studies. For this purpose, a comprehensive system model of fluidized bed combustor, previously developed and tested for prediction of combustion behaviour of fluidized bed combustors fired with lignite was extended to co-firing lignite with biomass by incorporating volatile release, char combustion and population balance for biomass.
The model predictions were validated against experimental measurements taken on METU 0.3 MWt AFBC fired with lignite only, lignite with limestone addition and about 50/50 lignite/olive residue mixture with limestone addition. Predicted and measured temperatures and concentrations of gaseous species along the combustor were found to be in good agreement. Introduction of biomass to lignite was found to decrease SO2 emissions but did not affect NO emissions significantly.
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Gray, Shani P. "Faith-based organizations (FBOs) and community crime control initiatives." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2005. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3185394.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Indiana University, 2005.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 66-08, Section: A, page: 3101. Chair: Steven Chermak. Title from dissertation home page (viewed Oct. 5, 2006).
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Caldeira, Miguel António Barreto. "Projecto e implementação de FBGs para aplicações em telecomunicações." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/3566.
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Mestrado em Engenharia Electrónica e TelecomunicaçõesNum contexto de grande desenvolvimento e massificação das telecomunicações, provocada pela necessidade intrínseca de serviços inerentes ao contacto permanente e global de um grande número de indivíduos, têm surgido vários dispositivos que tentam responder a este novo contexto, aumento de largura de banda e processamento totalmente óptico. Um dos dispositivos importante neste cenário, nomeadamente em operações de filtragem e compensação de dispersão cromática no domínio óptico, é a rede de Bragg em fibra óptica. Como tal o objectivo principal deste trabalho é produzir FBGs para aplicações em telecomunicações e aperfeiçoar a plataforma que permite estas implementações. Inicialmente apresenta-se o princípio de funcionamento e tipos de redes Bragg. De modo a simular a resposta em amplitude e fase de redes de Bragg desenvolveu-se um software com base no método da matriz transferência. Seguidamente, estudaram-se métodos de implementação de redes de Bragg com perfil de sinc e com perfil de chirp equivalente, que permitissem obter FBGs com respostas adequadas respectivamente à filtragem óptica em sistemas multicanal, e à compensação de dispersão Procedeu-se ao estudo do sistema de gravação implementado no Instituto de Telecomunicações – Pólo de Aveiro e dos algoritmos de implementação já desenvolvidos, em especial o método de stitching. Por fim, de modo a poder caracterizar-se e retirar conclusões das redes de Bragg implementadas, efectuaram-se projectos, simulações, e gravações de redes e compararam-se as respostas das redes Bragg gravadas com as simuladas, confirmando-se a validade do procedimento suportado pela plataforma disponível.
In the subject of great development and growing field of telecommunications provoked by intrinsic necessity of inherent services of permanent contact and globally, a large number of individuals have suggested various devices that attempt to respond to this new subject, increased bandwidth and all optical processing. One of important devices in this scenario, namely in operations of filtering and compensation of chromatic dispersion in optical domain, is Bragg gratings in optical fiber. As such the main objective of this work is produce FBGs for applications in telecommunications and improve the platform that allows these implementations. Initially presents the principle function and types of Bragg’s gratings. In order to simulate the response amplitude and phase developed software based on the matrix method of transfer. Next, we studied methods of implementation of Bragg’s gratings with sinc profile and chirp equivalent profile, which would allow for FBGs with appropriate responses respectively to the optical filtering in multichannel systems, and the dispersion compensation. In this sense, recording the gratings were proceeded the study the recording system to be incorporated in the Institute of Telecommunications-Pólo de Aveiro, and in the implementation algorithms already developed, especially for the stitching method. Lastly, in characterizing and drawing conclusions of the applied gratings, simulations, projects, and recordings of Bragg’s gratings were carried out, in comparing the results of the recordings to the simulations, confirming the validity of the procedure supported by the available platform.
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Santos, João Miguel Sarabando. "FBGs avançadas para sistemas de comunicação em fibra óptica." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/2135.
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Mestrado em Engenharia Electrónica e TelecomunicaçõesIniciou-se este trabalho com o estudo das redes de Bragg em fibra óptica, propriedades espectrais e espaciais, identificando os seus principais parametros físicos e o impacto que estes têm na sua resposta em amplitude e fase. Coincidente com esta fase, desenvolveu-se um algoritmo de simulação de redes Bragg baseado no método da matriz de transferência, com o objectivo de uma melhor compreensão das redes Bragg em fibra óptica. De seguida, procedeu-se ao estudo do sistema de gravação implementado no Instituto de Telecomunicações – Pólo de Aveiro e dos algoritmos já desenvolvidos, com especial atenção para um algoritmo de implementação de redes de Bragg através do método de stitching. De seguida, iniciou-se o desenvolvimento do software. Efectuaram-se simulações, projecto e gravações de redes Bragg e compararam-se as respostas das redes Bragg gravadas com as simuladas. Finalmente, caracterizaram-se e analisaram-se algumas redes de Bragg implementadas, utilizando um simulador de sistemas de comunicações ópticas.
This work started with the study of the Fiber Bragg Gratings and their spectral and spatial properties, as well as the identification of the main physical parameters associated and their impact in the amplitude and phase response. Simultaneously, a FBG simulation algorithm was developed based on the transfer function method, for a better understanding of the FBGs characteristics. Then, we proceed to the study of the recording system at the Instituto de Telecomunicações - Pólo de Aveiro, as well as the study of the developed algorithms, with particular attention to an implementation algorithm considering the stitching method. The development of the software followed. Several simulations, designs and FBG recordings were performed and the responses of the recorded FBGs were compared to the expected ones. Finally, a number designed FBGs were characterized and tested, using an optical communication system simulator.
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Hole, Erik Lillebø. "Optical Fiber sensing of acoustic waves using overlapping FBGs." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för elektronikkonstruktion, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-37779.
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The objective of this thesis was to investigate if an optical fiber sensing method with the use of two overlapping fiber Bragg gratings to measure Lamb wave $S_0$ modes in a steel plate, and how it would compare to traditional PZT transducers. A solution was proposed where the use of an optical fiber sensing system was built and took advantage of the strain dependence of a fiber Bragg grating mounted to a steel plate. Together with an overlapping reference fiber Bragg grating, the system can translate strain to light intensity. A method of controlling the Bragg wavelength of the reference fiber Bragg grating to optimize the overlap between the two fiber Bragg gratings, enabling the system to compensate for drift in the sensing fiber Bragg grating. Testing of the system was performed and yielded promising results, being able to measure the Lamb wave signal from the steel plate. The system showed some sensitivity limitations and signal to noise ratio, as well as the software created to compensate for the drift. With the improvement proposed for further work with the system in terms of improving the system's sensitivity, signal to noise ratio and drift control should make the system able to perform at levels as traditional PZT transducers.
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Santos, Ana Vanessa Guindeira dos. "Implementação de FBGs para sistemas de comunicação em fibra óptica." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/1924.
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Mestrado em Engenharia Electrónica e TelecomunicaçõesO presente trabalho tem por objectivo o desenvolvimento de um algoritmo de apoio à gravação de redes de Bragg em fibra óptica, baseado no método de stitching, por sobreposição e interferência de secções de perturbação do índice de refracção com um comprimento (step) definido. Começou por se efectuar uma abordagem teórica ao funcionamento das redes de Bragg, identificando-se os principais parâmetros físicos da perturbação referida, que têm impacto na sua resposta em amplitude e fase. Posteriormente, analisou-se o sistema implementado para a gravação de redes de Bragg, e desenvolveu-se um algoritmo de apoio a essa gravação. Finalmente, para um perfil de apodização definido, procedeu-se à gravação de redes de Bragg com diferentes steps, suportada pelo software implementado, e compararam-se as respostas medidas e simuladas em cada caso. Analisou-se também, por simulação, o impacto do step e resposta correspondente no desempenho de um sistema de comunicações ópticas.
This work focuses on the development of an algorithm to support a Bragg gratings’ recording system, based on the stitching method, by overlapping sections of perturbed refraction index with a defined length (step). First, we made a theoretical approach to the operation of Bragg gratings, identifying the main physical parameters of the referred perturbation that impact their response, both in amplitude and phase. Subsequently, we analyzed the implemented system, and developed an algorithm to support it. Finally, for a defined profile of apodization, we proceeded to the Bragg filters implementation, with different recording steps, supported by the developed software, and compared to the measured and simulated responses in each case. Finally, we simulated an optical communications system and analyzed the impact of the recording step and consequent response in the system’s performance.
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Kuna, Kranthi. "Mix design considerations and performance characteristics of foamed bitumen mixtures (FBMs)." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/28857/.
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The sustainability issues in pavement materials and design form a strong incentive for the present work. Using recycled materials in pavements is a sustainable practice that is gaining adoption, particularly for flexible (bituminous) pavements. One approach is to incorporate large quantities of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) into base and sub-base applications for pavement construction. Numerous studies have reported that RAP can be reused as an aggregate in Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) as well as in cold mix asphalt, granular base, sub-base, and subgrade courses. Cold recycling technology, like hot mix technology, has also become popular in various countries for rehabilitation of damaged bituminous pavements. RAP stabilized with bitumen emulsion and foamed bitumen has been used as a base layer. The present study focuses on Foamed Bitumen treated Mixes (FBMs). Most of the agencies which use FBMs have their own mix design procedures which are the result of numerous efforts over decades. In spite of all these efforts, Foamed Bitumen application in cold recycling in the United Kingdom suffers from the lack of a standardised mix design procedure. To overcome this, the present research objective was to develop a mix design procedure by identifying critical mix design parameters. The mix design parameters that were optimised were Foamed Bitumen content, mixing water content (MWC), and compaction effort. Special attention was given to the simplest yet crucial mix design consideration of FBMs; curing. The thesis also attempted to simulate what should be expected in terms of the performance of flexible pavements containing FBMs as road base. The mix design parametric study was initially carried out on FBMs with virgin limestone aggregate (VA) without RAP material and a mix design procedure was proposed. Optimum MWC was achieved by optimising mechanical properties such as Indirect Tensile Stiffness Modulus (ITSM) and Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS-dry and ITS-wet). A rational range of 75-85% of Optimum Water Content (OWC) obtained by the modified Proctor test was found to be the optimum range of MWC that gives optimum mechanical properties for FBMs. The proposed methodology was also found to apply to FBMs with 50% RAP and 75% RAP. It was also found that the presence of RAP influenced the design FB content, which means that treating RAP as black rock in FBM mix design is not appropriate. This work also evaluated the validity of the total fluid (water + bitumen) concept which is widely used in bitumen-emulsion treated mixes. The present work was also intended to better understand the curing mechanism of FBMs and to lessen the gap between laboratory curing and field evolution of these mixtures. This was achieved by evaluating different curing regimes that are being followed by different agencies and researchers, as well as identifying important parameters that affect curing. In achieving this, a link was established between laboratory mix design and field performance by evaluating applicability of the maturity method. The curing regime study provided a valid investigation into the behaviour of FBM taking into account the effect of temperature, curing conditioning (Sealed or Unsealed), curing duration and the influence of cement with different curing regimes. It was found that the temperature is as important a parameter as time, as temperature has a greater influence on curing rate and also on bitumen properties. Moreover, higher curing temperatures resulted in higher rate of stiffness gain. This trend is not only because of rapid water loss but also implies an increase in binder stiffness at higher curing temperatures. Though the presence of RAP improved the early stage stiffness of FBMs, it slowed down the rate of water loss from the specimens which resulted in smaller stiffness values at a later stage. The experimental results also indicated that cement addition has no influence on water loss trends, but improved the stiffness significantly during all stages of curing. The study also evaluated the applicability of the maturity method as a tool to assess the in-situ characteristic of FBM layers in the pavement. It was found that replacing the time term with an equivalent age term in the maturity function aided in estimating stiffness rather than relative stiffness. This was possible because of the characteristic curing of FBM in which the limiting stiffness these mixtures reach strongly depends on the curing temperature at least for the length of the curing stages considered in the present study. A strong correlation was found between maturity and the stiffness values obtained from the laboratory tests which resulted in development of maturity-stiffness relationships. The application of the method to assess the in-situ stiffness was presented using three hypothetical pavement sections. The results showed the influence of ambient temperature and the importance of cement addition to FBMs. The permanent deformation resistance was assessed by performing RLAT tests on cylindrical specimens compacted by gyratory compactor. The RLAT test results indicate that both test temperature and stress level have significant influence on permanent deformation characteristics as expected. The effect of stress on permanent deformation was increased with increase in test temperature. It was also found that from limited tests and mixture combinations, RAP content has only a slight influence on permanent deformation of FBMs. However, the presence of cement led to significant improvement. FBMs were also found to be less temperature susceptible than HMA in terms of permanent deformation and, within FBMs, mixtures with cement were found to be more sensitive than FBMs without any cement. For assessing the fatigue performance of FBMs, the ITFT was initially used to investigate the effect of cement on the fatigue life. The ITFT tests results showed that the FBMs without cement (50%RAP-FBM) have lower fatigue life than HMA (DBM90) at any initial strain level. Nevertheless, similar to permanent deformation, the fatigue life was improved with the addition of 1% cement to FBMs. However, the above discussion was not found to be completely valid when uniaxial tests were carried out. In stress controlled uniaxial tests, a sinusoidal load of 1Hz frequency was applied axially to induce tensile strain in the radial direction. The failure criterion considered in the study was the number of cycles to reach 50% stiffness and this was plotted against the measured initial strain values. Results indicated that there was not much difference in fatigue life among different mixtures and also between FBM and HMA. However, stiffness evolution curves showed that FBMs fail in a different pattern compared to HMA. Unlike HMA, which showed a three stage evolution process, for FBMs the stiffness actually increased initially to reach a maximum and decreased at a slower rate until failure. It was also found that by plotting curves according to Hopman et al.,(1989) which identifies the fatigue failure transition point, use of the 50% stiffness criterion for fatigue life evaluation is not a conservative approach. Uniaxial tests also revealed that, although in fatigue the FBMs were found to behave differently from HMA, in terms of permanent deformation, FBMs behave similarly to HMA in that a steady state strain rate was achieved.
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Mustonen, Ljung Marie. "Maten på jobbet : arbetsmåltider och uppfattningar om arbetsmåltider hos personal i roterande 3-skift vid en processindustri." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för arbets- och folkhälsovetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-21807.
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I dagens samhälle är vi aktiva dygnet runt både gällande fritid och arbete. Detta innebär att det måste finnas tillgänglig arbetskraft under dygnets alla timmar, vilket medför stor påfrestning på arbetstagares biologiska dygnsrytm. De oregelbundna arbetstiderna kan inverka negativt på arbetstagarens både fysiska och psykiska hälsa. Företag kan tillsammans med lokala fackföreningar förhandla bort den lagstadgade matrasten och ersatta den med ett måltidsuppehåll vilket innebär att det ingår i arbetstiden och får nyttjas i mån av tid. Syftet med denna studie var att kartlägga de uppfattningar som arbetstagare i roterande 3-skift vid en processindustri har om måltidsuppehållet, var och när deras måltidsuppehåll tar plats och vad de äter och dricker. 15 skiftarbetare har under 6 arbetsskift vardera, fotodokumenterat vad deras födointag under måltidsuppehåll bestod av. Dessa kategoriserades genom Food-based Classification of Eating Episodes. Fotografierna visade att totala antalet ät-tillfällen var lägre under nattskiftet i jämförelse med andra skift. Skiftarbetarna intervjuades och deras utsagor genomgick en fenomenografisk analys där det framkom att deras uppfattningar om måltidsuppehållet är att det är en social tillställning som stärker gruppgemenskapen. När arbetstagarna äter en måltid sitter de oftast vid matbordet och då ”ställer man upp för varandra” så att måltiden skall kunna slutföras. Om det gäller ett mellanmål kan intaget ske vid arbetsplatsen och om något händer får de bryta och arbeta. Vidare studier behövs för att verifiera uppfattningar i andra arbetsgrupper.In today´s society, we are active day and nights, both in leisure time and at work. This means that employees must be available at work 24-hours a day which inflict high strain on their circadian rhythms. The irregular working hours can affect negatively on the employee’s physical and mental health. Companies can, together with local unions, negotiate away the statutory dinner break and replace it with meal break, which means that it is included in working hours and should be used as time permits. The purpose of this study was to identify the perceptions of workers in rotating 3-shift, in a process industry, when and where their meal breaks take place and what they ate. 15 shift workers have during 6 shifts each, photo-documented what their meal breaks consisted of. Consumption of foods and beverages were categorized by Food-Based Classification of Eating Episodes. The photographs showed that the number of eating occasions was lower during the night shift in comparison to other shifts. Shift workers were interviewed and their statements underwent a phenomenographical analysis which revealed that their perception of the meal break is a social event as well that strengthens the group community. When the workers were having a meal, it is mostly occurred at the dinner table. The shift workers replaced each other so each one had the possibility to take a meal break. Regarding snack intakes, it could occur at their workplace and if something happened in the process, they could immediately return to work. Further studies are needed to verify the perceptions of other working groups.
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Parker, Steven W. "FBS free culture of porcine umbilical cord matrix cells." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/2319.
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Narayanan, Madhavan. "Study of photoinduced electron transfer in fluorescent nucleobase analogues (FBAs) and DNA photolyase." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2011. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/119151.
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ChemistryPh.D.
Photoinduced electron transfer (PET) plays a crucial role in a wide array of biological pathways. These electron transfer reactions happen from or to the excited state of a chromophore upon absorption of light. Hence understanding the properties of excited states is necessary in elucidating the details of such pathways. The work presented in this thesis deals with PET in two systems: Fluorescent Nucleobase Analogues (FBAs) and DNA photolyase. The introductory chapter (Chapter 1) presents some background information about the two systems and sets up the stage for the reasoning behind the problems addressed in this thesis. FBAs are fluorescent analogues of naturally occurring, weakly fluorescent native nucleic acid bases. When incorporated into single stranded (ss) or double stranded (ds) DNA, the FBA fluorescence is significantly quenched. PET has been implicated to be the cause for the observed quenching. Here we have presented our attempt to correlate the quenching behavior of free FBA: nucleic acid monophosphate (NMP) pairs with the free energies associated with excited state electron transfer delta GET. Based on the delta GET values, we have tried to assign the direction of electron transfer. The quenching behavior of the FBA:NMP pairs were studied through Stern-Volmer (SV) quenching and time-resolved fluorescence studies. The above described analysis has been applied on FBAs: 4-amino-6-methyl-8-(2'-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranosyl)-7(8H)-pteridone (6MAP), 4-amino - 2, 6 - dimethyl - 8 - (2'-deoxy-beta-d-ribofuranosyl) -7(8H) - pteridone (DMAP), 3-methyl-8-(2'-deoxy-beta-D-ribofuranosyl) isoxanthopterin (3MI) and 6-Methyl-8-(2'-deoxy-β-D-ribofuranosyl) isoxanthopterin (6MI) (Chapter 3), 2-Aminopurine (2AP) (Chapter 4), 8-Vinyl Adenosine (8VA) (Chapter 5). The final part of this thesis (Chapter 6) is on understanding the mechanistic details of a DNA repair process that is due to photoinduced electron transfer in DNA photolyase, a flavoprotein. Before the electron reaches the damaged site in the DNA, the initial electron acceptor in this repair process has been speculated to be the adenine of the flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). We have tested this hypothesis by measuring and comparing the various kinetic parameters associated with this process by reconstituting into apo-photolyase the natural cofactor of photolyase (FAD) and an adenine modified flavin (Etheno FAD, epsilon FAD).
Temple University--Theses
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Batista, Fabio Júnio Alves. "Sistema embarcado para detecção e determinação da posição dos picos de bragg em FBGs." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2014. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/1551.
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Neste trabalho foi desenvolvido um software para ser embarcado em um sistema autônomo baseado em arquitetura ARM, como o objetivo de detecção da posição de picos de um espectro refletido por uma rede de Bragg gravada em fibra óptica (FBG) e interrogadas pelo Interrogador comercial I-MON. O software foi desenvolvido para ser embarcado em uma plataforma pcDuino o qual permite o monitoramento em tempo real e os dados podem ser visualizados em uma interface gráfica. Para detecção da posição dos picos foi aplicado um algoritmo que aproxima os dados experimentais por uma função gaussiana através do método dos mínimos quadrados. O sistema foi caracterizado a partir do monitorado da temperatura sobre a superfície de uma célula termoelétrica, as leituras foram realizadas entre 0°C e 100°C. Comparando a posição do pico de Bragg registrada com o sistema desenvolvido e com o software Ext_Evaluation disponibilizado pelo fabricante do interrogador I-MON, verifica-se diferença média de aproximadamente 0,010 nm. A diferença média na posição do pico de Bragg é superior a resolução de 0,5 pm informada pelo fabricante do interrogador I-MON. Contudo, geralmente interessa saber a variação na posição do pico de Bragg e não a sua posição absoluta no espectro. Assim, pode-se concluir que o algoritmo desenvolvido é eficiente na detecção da variação na posição do pico do espectro refletido por um sensor FBG.This work developed a software to be embedded in an autonomous system based on ARM architecture, as the goal of detecting the peak position of a spectrum reflected by a Bragg grating written to optical fiber (FBG) and interrogated by the commercial Interrogator I-MON 512 E. The software was developed for the ARM architecture using the pcDuino platform which allows real-time monitoring and the data can be viewed in a graphical interface. For detecting the position of the peaks was applied to an algorithm that approximates the experimental data by a Gaussian function by the method of least squares. The system is characterized from the monitored temperature on the surface of a thermoelectric cell readings were made between 0°C and 100°C. Comparing the position of the Bragg peak registered with the system developed and the Ext_Evaluation software provided by the manufacturer of the interrogator I-MON it appears the average difference is approximately 0,010 nm. The mean difference in the position of the Bragg peak is less than 0.5 pm resolution is informed by the manufacturer of the interrogator I-MON. However, usually interested in changes in position of the Bragg peak instead of on absolute position in the spectrum. Thus, it can be concluded that the proposed algorithm is effective detecting the variation in position of Bragg peaks using FBG sensors.
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Boudou, Olivier Jean-Christian. "Método para o gerenciamento ágil de projeto com mapas mentais e FBS." Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica, 2012. http://www.bd.bibl.ita.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2110.
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O sucesso de um projeto de software que utiliza o método ágil Scrum depende fortemente da modelagem e gestão do Product Backlog. O Scrum é um método ágil amplamente utilizado para o desenvolvimento de softwares, que oferece diversos artefatos que auxiliam no gerenciamento de projetos. O Product Backlog é uma lista de itens priorizados pelo dono do projeto, que serão desenvolvidos no sistema. Uma ferramenta auxiliar no gerenciamento de projetos é os mapas mentais que permitem a associação de ideias de forma dinâmica, podendo ser gerados em programas de computador voltados para sua criação que possibilitam alterações e modificações rápidas em seu escopo. O presente trabalho apresenta um método para o gerenciamento e modelagem do Product Backlog por meio do uso de Mapas Mentais e da técnica FBS (Feature Breakdown Structure) dentro da estrutura do Scrum, possibilitando a criação de modelos visuais do Product Backlog e uma melhor gestão dos elementos do modelo durante o projeto. O método proposto apresenta vantagens e limitações que serão exploradas na discussão do estudo de caso que possibilitou a avaliação do método em um projeto de desenvolvimento de um software.
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Simonet, Vincent. "Inférence de flots d'information pour ML : formalisation et implantation." Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA077167.
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Dulneva, Anna. "Investigating the effects of a point mutation in the TRPC3 channel, cause of cerebellar ataxia in Moonwalker mice, on the Purkinje cells in mice." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:fcb2e1ac-fbc6-4948-bc71-27f905ee09e7.
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The Moonwalker (Mwk) mouse is a mouse model of cerebellar ataxia that harbours a point mutation in the Trpc3 gene. TRPC3 is a non-selective cation channel, most highly expressed in the Purkinje cells of the cerebellum. The gain-of-function mutation in the TRPC3 protein affects the development of Purkinje cell dendrites by reducing their branching, and also leads to abnormal motor coordination and cerebellar ataxia in Mwk mice at the age of 3 weeks. The aim of this thesis was to determine how the mutation in the TRPC3 channel results in the observed pathology. Proper function of the TRPC3 channel relies on its interaction with other proteins, hence we investigated binding partners of TRPC3. The study revealed PI synthase and CaMKIV as novel interaction partners of TRPC3. PI synthase is implicated in the upstream signalling events leading to TRPC3 activation, whereas CaMKIV is activated by Ca2+, possibly due to TRPC3 activation. We have identified alterations in phosphorylation of several key Ca2+ signalling proteins (CaMKII, CaMKIV, CREB and ERK), which indicates that there are changes in Ca2+ homeostasis in Mwk cerebella. Down-regulation of CaMKIV and up-regulation of CREB phosphorylation occurs as early as P21, which indicates that their abnormal activity could contribute to the Mwk phenotype. Microarray analysis comparing wild-type and Mwk Purkinje cells has revealed gene expression changes, which are likely due to abnormal Ca2+ signalling. Genes Ipo5, Opn3 and Sv2c are up-regulated at P11; Car2 and Stk17b are down-regulated at P14; and Cntn3 is up-regulated at P18 in Mwk Purkinje cells. High quality RNA from Purkinje cells was extracted using an optimised laser-capture microdissection method. Work on the Mwk mice points to the importance of TRPC3 activity for the proper development of Purkinje cell dendrites and depicts TRPC3 as a possible target for cerebellar ataxia treatment.
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Severis, Rita C. "Although to sight lost, to memory dear : representations of Cyprus by foreign travellers/artists, 1700-1955." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/0b975f1c-fbc2-4710-a0c4-e4b53cb791f3.
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Owens, Ashby. "FBOs in Central America: A Critique of Power, Religion and Social Development in Maurice Echeverría’s Diccionario esotérico." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33244.
Full textAbstract:
Latin American literature has a rich tradition of translating recreated realities and social commentaries into fictional works. In Central America, especially in Guatemala, El Salvador, and Nicaragua, these commentaries often speak to the plight of the people and the unjust actions of many governments during and after their still fresh civil wars. One Guatemalan author, Maurice Echeverría, stays within the broader trajectory of Central American literature with his novel Diccionario esotérico by creating a fictional work that speaks to a reality and asserts social commentary. This text differs from the corpus, though, by moving beyond the war and the postwar eras to a very current and prominent reality. This novel, which presents a critique of abuses of power in all of their manifestations, gives way to a striking commentary on evangelical organizations. This study will focus on extrapolating this critique to an actual evangelical organization working in Central America, thereby drawing connections between Echeverría’s critical/theological stance and real systems of power.Master of Arts
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Barrera, Vilar David. "Diseño, fabricación y caracterización de FBGs e interferómetros en fibra óptica para la monitorización en ambientes adversos." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/33399.
Full textAbstract:
En esta tesis doctoral se presenta el diseño, la implementación y la caracterización de sensores
en fibra óptica para la monitorización de diversas magnitudes en ambientes adversos. Se
entiende como ambientes adversos aquellas condiciones ambientales externas a los sensores
que por su naturaleza dificultan el uso y la fiabilidad a largo plazo de los sistemas de
monitorización. Existe una gran variedad de ambientes adversos tales como temperaturas
extremas, altas presiones, ambientes químicos o ionizantes, vibraciones o impactos mecánicos,
entre otros. Este trabajo de tesis, realizado en el Grupo de Comunicaciones Ópticas y Cuánticas
(GCOC) del Instituto de Telecomunicaciones y Aplicaciones Multimedia (ITEAM) de la
Universitat Politècnica de València así como el trabajo realizado durante la estancia en la
School of Engineering and Applied Science de la Aston University, contempla algunos de estos
escenarios, por lo que en el diseño e implementación de los sensores ópticos se han empleado
distintas tecnologías ópticas, como las redes de difracción de Bragg (FBGs) o los
interferómetros ópticos, con el fin de optimizar las prestaciones de los sensores.
En primer lugar, se ha realizado un estudio exhaustivo de las redes de difracción de Bragg
regeneradas (RFBGs) para la medida de temperaturas extremas, cercanas a los 1300ºC en
algunos casos. Este estudio comprende desde el proceso de fabricación de estos dispositivos
fotónicos hasta la caracterización como sensores de temperatura y el estudio de la estabilidad
térmica a largo plazo. Se ha realizado también un estudio teórico y experimental sobre la
multiplexación de interferómetros modales que, por su sensibilidad y robustez, son muy
apropiados para su uso en condiciones ambientales adversas. La técnica de multiplexación
desarrollada permite multiplexar los interferómetros modales en distintas configuraciones
minimizando la interferencia entre ellos. Por último, se muestra la implementación de un
sistema de inscripción de FBGs en fibras ópticas de polímeros y el uso de los dispositivos
obtenidos para el diseño, la implementación y la caracterización de sensores ópticos para la
medida de curvaturas, grandes deformaciones y deformaciones dinámicas.Barrera Vilar, D. (2013). Diseño, fabricación y caracterización de FBGs e interferómetros en fibra óptica para la monitorización en ambientes adversos [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/33399
TESIS
Premiado
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Khalil, Mostafa Khalil. "The contribution of Islamic-based CSOs to poverty reduction in Egypt : the mechanisms, the politics and the lessons." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2014. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-contribution-of-islamicbased-csos-to-poverty-reduction-in-egypt-the-mechanisms-the-politics-and-the-lessons(85b282bf-6129-460a-9a6c-a0ea6083a55e).html.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis provides a critical analysis of how Islamic-based Civil Society Organisations (IBCSOs) contribute to poverty reduction in Egypt, through a qualitative study of four Civil Society Organisations (CSOs). The thesis closely examines case study IBCSOs’ organisational structures, their activities and the values that shape their conceptualisation of poverty. It reveals the similarities between IBCSOs’ poverty reduction work and official social protection, and discusses how their approaches to poverty reduction can be understood in terms of the various discourses justifying social protection (risks, rights and needs). The thesis also uses these case studies to examine the validity of Faith-Based Organisations (FBOs) as vehicles for poverty reduction and social protection. Finally, it discusses the relationship between these organisations’ poverty reduction activities and political mobilisation through an examination of the role they played in the recent political rise of the Islamist movement in Egypt, as well as the impact of recent political developments on their operations. A key purpose of this critical investigation of IBCSOs' approaches to poverty reduction is to explore more broadly their wider implications for development theory and practice by assessing whether they can contribute to existing knowledge on the means of civil society’s contribution to poverty reduction and development.
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Cid, Perley Claudia Alejandra. "Aprovechamiento de Cenizas de Combustión de Lecho Fluidizado (FBC) para Elaboración de Áridos Livianos." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2008. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/103230.
Full textAbstract:
El propósito general de este trabajo de título es evaluar la factibilidad técnica de
producción de un árido sintético hecho a partir de cenizas de combustión de lecho fluidizado
(FBC), con el objeto de disminuir el impacto ambiental inherente a la generación de energía
eléctrica de una importante planta de nuestro país. Se pretende proveer antecedentes suficientes
para introducir este residuo dentro de las materias primas utilizadas en construcciones de
hormigón, en este caso en particular, como un árido liviano para hormigones livianos
estructurales.
La Refinería ENAP Bio Bio, emplazada en la comuna de Talcahuano, Región de la Araucanía,
cuenta con la planta cogeneradora de energía eléctrica Petropower S.A., la cual se retroalimenta
del petcoke, material combustible de alto contenido de azufre, producido en el proceso de
refinamiento de petróleo. La combustión del petcoke, que se realiza en una cámara de combustión
donde se adiciona cal, produce cenizas con alto contenido de sulfato cálcico (CaSO4), óxido
cálcico (CaO), carbonato cálcico (CaCO3), fracciones de material alúmino-silíceo e impurezas.
Es debido a la presencia de los compuestos de calcio, que se sugiere la activación de éstos
mediante la confección de una mezcla de cenizas y puzolana, de modo de obtener un material
cementicio de carácter hidráulico.
La evaluación de la factibilidad de producción del árido sintético se basó en la caracterización
física y química del material resultante de mezclar ceniza FBC, puzolana y agua; y la
determinación de un proceso de fabricación de pellets por extrusión.
Dentro de los ensayos realizados a la ceniza FBC y a los áridos sintéticos se encuentran: análisis
de distribución de partículas mediante equipo láser, superficie específica mediante método Blaine
y peso específico para las cenizas; y resistencia a compresión, absorción de agua y densidades a
los pellets. Estos ensayos arrojaron resultados que hacen factible continuar con la investigación y
posterior utilización de los pellets sintéticos en el hormigón.
Se concluye que la resistencia máxima obtenida en los ensayos de compresión de las probetas
(21,0 MPa) y el peso específico obtenido a partir de la densidad real seca del árido (~1400
kg/m3
), permiten caracterizar al árido sintético hecho a partir de la mezcla de ceniza y puzolana
como un árido potencialmente apto para la confección de hormigones livianos estructurales,
bloques de hormigón liviano y rellenos; introduciendo una nueva línea de investigación en temas
de desarrollo sustentable en nuestro país.
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Chanadang, Sirichat. "Tolerance testing for cooked porridge made from a sorghum based fortified blended food." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18829.
Full textAbstract:
Master of ScienceDepartment of Human Nutrition
Kadri Koppel
Products must be tolerant to many conditions, particularly when those products are prepared by consumers. Consumers may not measure added ingredients, they may add or leave out ingredients specified in recipes, or change cooking and holding times for foods. Fortified blended food (FBFs) are used as a source of nutrition for disaster or famine relief in developing countries and sorghum is looked at as a potential alternative to wheat and corn based products that are currently being used as FBFs. Porridge products are the most common dishes prepared from FBFs with a wide range of solids content, cooking times and variations in added ingredients such as sugar and fruit. This study was intended to evaluate the tolerance to preparation variations for a porridge product made as a FBF intended for food aid. Whole Sorghum Soy Blend (WSSB), a fortified, extruded, ground cooked cereal was selected as the FBF for this study. Descriptive sensory analysis was performed to evaluate the tolerance of porridge products made from variations in ingredients and cooking procedures. In this study, most sensory properties were only marginally affected by variations in ingredients or procedures. However, as expected, large differences occurred in some properties such as thickness when solids content varied or sweetness and fruit flavor when fruit was added. Tolerance testing showed that the sensory properties of WSSB had high tolerance to variations in cooking procedures, a positive aspect for product use and development. This means that the product can be modified during preparation by consumers without having a major impact on most sensory properties.
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Colon-Mollfulleda, Wanda I. "Public Issues or Private Concerns: Assessing the Impact of Charitable Choice on Private Donations to Faith-based Organizations." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1208784329.
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Smoleniec, John Stefan. "Preterm fetal behavioural states and the risk of sudden infant death syndrome." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324366.
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Ting, Song. "Expert vs. Novice: Problem Decomposition/Recomposition in Engineering Design." DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/3104.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this research was to investigate the differences of using problem decomposition and problem recomposition among dyads of engineering experts, dyads of engineering seniors, and dyads of engineering freshmen. Fifty participants took part in this study. Ten were engineering design experts, 20 were engineering seniors, and 20 were engineering freshmen. Participants worked in dyads to complete an engineering design challenge within an hour. The entire design process was video and audio recorded. After the design session, members participated in a group interview.
This study used protocol analysis as the methodology. Video and audio data were transcribed, segmented, and coded. Two coding systems including the FBS ontology and “levels of the problem” were used in this study. A series of statistical techniques were used to analyze data. Interview data and participants’ design sketches also worked as supplemental data to help answer the research questions.
By analyzing the quantitative and qualitative data, it was found that students used less problem decomposition and problem recomposoition than engineer experts in engineering design. This result implies that engineering education should place more importance on teaching problem decomposition and problem recomposition. Students were found to spend less cognitive effort when considering the problem as a whole and interactions between subsystems than engineer experts. In addition, students were also found to spend more cognitive effort when considering details of subsystems. These results showed that students tended to use dept-first decomposition and experts tended to use breadth-first decomposition in engineering design. The use of Function (F), Behavior (B), and Structure (S) among engineering experts, engineering seniors, and engineering freshmen was compared on three levels. Level 1 represents designers consider the problem as an integral whole, Level 2 represents designers consider interactions between subsystems, and Level 3 represents designers consider details of subsystems. The results showed that students used more S on Level 1 and 3 but they used less F on Level 1 than engineering experts. The results imply that engineering curriculum should improve the teaching of problem definition in engineering design because students need to understand the problem before solving it.
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Chagas, Adalberto Francisco. "Influência da taxa de recirculação de lodo no processo de nitrificação em sistema de FBAS precedido de reator UASB." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3147/tde-13122006-162435/.
Full textAbstract:
Esta pesquisa teve o objetivo de avaliar o pós-tratamento de um Reator UASB com Filtro Biológico Aerado Submerso, no intuito de verificar sua eficácia na nitrificação, submetendo o mesmo a diferentes taxas de recirculação do lodo do decantador final para a entrada do FBAS. A necessidade do pós-tratamento, deve-se ao fato do efluente do reator UASB, mesmo tendo uma boa eficiência na remoção de matéria orgânica, seu efluente não atende a Legislação ambiental brasileira, logo, o pós-tratamento tem o principal papel de completar a remoção de matéria orgânica, e também efetuar a remoção de nitrogênio amoniacal, que de acordo com a Resolução CONAMA Nº 357, de 17 de março de 2005, o padrão de lançamento é de até 20 mgN/L. Esse estudo foi desenvolvido em unidade de escala piloto, em três regimes distintos de operação, situada no Centro Tecnológico de Hidráulica ? CTH, constituída por um FBAS com um volume útil de 605 L, seguido de decantador, tratando o efluente de um reator UASB de 25 m3. Os três regimes de operação tiveram tempo de duração de 75, 80 e 54 dias, respectivamente, com vazões de alimentação de 500 L/h nos dois primeiros regimes e 200 L/h no regime 3. As taxas de recirculação foram respectivamente 0,2, 0,4 e 0,8, para os regimes 1, 2 e 3. Esses três regimes de operação apresentaram as seguintes taxas de aplicação superficial, respectivamente: DQO (35, 40 e 16 g DQO/m2.dia); DBO (16, 14 e 7 g DBO/m2.dia) e NKT (8,8, 8,7 e 3,1 g NKT/m2.dia). Foram realizadas análises de DBO, DQO, sólidos em suspensão, nitrogênio amoniacal e Kjeldahl, nitrito, nitrato e alcalinidade, onde o regime de operação 3 apresentou os melhores resultados, produzindo um efluente final com as seguintes concentrações médias: 78 mg/L (DQO), 28 mg/L (DBO), 27 mg/L (SST), 12 mg/L (NKT), 10 mg/L (NH3/NH4 +) e 23,4 mg/L (NO3 -). As eficiências de remoção observadas foram: 68% (DQO), 76% (DBO), 79% (SST), 75% (NKT) e 75% (NH3/NH4 +).This study aimed at to evaluate the post-treatment of UASB reactor with aerated submerged biological filter, with the objective of verifying your effectiveness in the nitrification process, submitting it to different sludge recirculation rates from the final settling tank to the entrance of FBAS. The necessity of the post-treatment is due to the fact of the UASB reactor effluent, although tends a good efficiency in the removal of organic matter, it doesn't to meet the standards of Brazilian environmental legislation, therefore, the post-treatment has the main paper of completing the organic matter removal, and also to ammonia nitrogen removal, that in agreement with the Resolution CONAMA N. 357, of march 17, 2005, the release pattern for this parameter is 20 mgN/L. This study was developed in a pilot plant with three different operational regimes, located in ?Centro Tecnológico de Hidráulica ? CTH?, constituted by a FBAS with an useful volume at 605 L, following by settling tank, treating the effluent from 25 m3 UASB reactor. The three operation regimes had time of duration of 75, 80 and 54 days, respectively, with feeding flows at 500 L/hour in the first two regimes and 200 L/hour in the regime 3. The sludge recirculation rate were 0,2, 0,4 and 0,8, for the regimes 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The three operation regimes introduced these superficial aplication rates, respectively: COD (35, 40 and 16 g COD/m2.day); BOD (16, 14 and 7 g BOD/m2.day) and NKT (8,8, 8,7 and 3,1 g NKT/m2.day). Analyses of parameters were accomplished as BOD, COD, solids in suspension, ammonia nitrogen and total Kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrite, nitrate and alkalinity, where the operation regime 3 presented the best results, producing a final effluent with these average concentrations: 78 mg/L (COD), 28 mg/L (BOD), 27 mg/L (TSS), 12 mg/L (NKT), 10 mg/L (NH3/NH4 +) and 23,4 mg/L (NO3 -). The observed efficiency removal were: 68% (COD), 76% (BOD), 79% (TSS), 75% (NKT) and 75% (NH3/NH4 +).
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Snaith, Mark Ian. "Argument revision and its role in dialogue." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2013. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/3dfef7e9-fbc0-418a-acdf-459ccd705bbd.
Full textAbstract:
In this thesis, a model for argument revision is presented, in terms of the expansion and contraction of a system of structured argumentation. At its core, the model uses the belief revision concept of minimal change, but without requiring a pre-determined entrenchment ordering to establish minimality. In the first part of the thesis, a model for argument revision is defined and described. Specified in terms of the ASPIC\+ framework for argumentation, the model is divided into two main concepts: argument expansion, whose goal is to make certain arguments acceptable in the system, possibly by adding them; and argument contraction, whose goal is to make certain arguments unacceptable in the system, possibly by removing them. The goal of a revision process can be achieved in multiple different ways, thus a method of choosing which, based on measures of minimal change, is also specified. The second part of the thesis demonstrates two applications of the model in the context of multi-agent dialogue. The first is used to assist a participant when faced with a need to update its commitment store during persuasion dialogue, while the second shows how a participant can use argument revision techniques to both assess and maintain a lie.The main contributions of the thesis are twofold. First, the characterisation of a model for argument revision, based on established belief revision principles but with a key difference. The model for argument revision demonstrates how it is possible to use measurable effects on the system when determining minimal change instead of relying on a pre-determined, qualitative entrenchment ordering.Second, the thesis demonstrates two applications of argument revision in dialogue. The first is in assisting an agent in retracting a commitment that has been defeated, and for which it can offer no defence. When retracting a claim, the participant may also be required to retract other claims from which the defeated one is a consequence. Applying argument revision techniques allow the participant to reason about what constitutes a minimal set of retractions, in terms of current commitments and potential future communications in the dialogue.The second dialogical application relates to the opposite of retraction; instead of choosing to retract an undefended claim, the participant could instead choose to lie in order to defend it. Argument revision allows the participant to not only assess whether or not lying is ``minimal'' (compared to retracting), but to also to maintain the lie, by using the measures of minimal change.Overall, the thesis shows that not only is justifiable argument revision possible without relying on a pre-determined entrenchment ordering, it is also a powerful tool for participants in a dialogue, assisting with dialogue move selection.
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Herterich, James George. "Mathematical models in water filtration." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:73036408-fbc5-497a-a99f-b8da3dbca0a5.
Full textAbstract:
Membrane filtration is a simple concept for water purification: water containing particulate contaminants is forced through a semi-permeable membrane that rejects the particulates leaving clean water to flow out. Nevertheless, there are many complex features of membrane filtration, the most important of which is the accumulation of the particulates at the membrane surface. This leads ultimately to fouling of the membrane and a reduction in the efficiency of the process. Concentration polarization is the precursor of fouling, that is, a high concentration of contaminants develops in front of the membrane without the contaminants attaching to each other or the membrane surface. However, several types of acute membrane fouling develop from the layer formed in concentration polarization, including internal fouling, pore blocking and caking. Addressing these and related problems has been at the forefront of membrane research since the process' inception. In this thesis we develop mathematical models of aspects of crossflow and directflow filtration operating at constant flux. We begin by addressing questions related to the initial stages of concentration polarization in crossflow systems. In particular, we study the influence of particulates on the viscosity of the filtrate, and show how the filtration efficiency may be improved by tailoring the wall permeability to reduce the effects of osmosis. We then address the development of membrane fouling and caking in directflow systems: the transmembrane pressure difference, the possibility of elastic deformations during filtration, and the influence of these on the development of fouling and caking are all considered. We show that even small elastic effects can worsen fouling and suggest how the process can be operated to avoid this. We then discuss further opportunities for mathematical modelling in this area.
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Law, Eleanor C. "Computational studies of structural motifs and cotranslational folding mechanisms in membrane and soluble proteins." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:843c6e38-fbc8-48a7-a61b-f6d93f7d3f7d.
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Membrane proteins are an important class of drug targets, making up at least 25% of proteins in the human genome. In this thesis I investigated two aspects of alpha-helical membrane protein structures. Firstly, I investigated kinks in alpha-helices, many of which are thought to have functional roles. Kinks are changes of direction in helices, often defined in a binary fashion, but here I move towards defining them on a continuum. I found that kink angles are not generally a conserved property of homologues, pointing either to their not being functionally critical or to their function being related to conformational flexibility. I found correlation in kink angles and conformational change upon activation in GPCRs, reinforcing the belief that helix kinks are key, functional, flexible points in structures. Secondly, I turned to the biogenesis of alpha-helical membrane proteins, and how this might be used to improve structure prediction. These proteins are inserted into the membrane during the process of translation by the ribosome, therefore the N-terminus may be able to adopt its tertiary fold before the C-terminus is translated. I found a weak signal in a non-redundant set of structures that membrane proteins exhibit asymmetry between the N- and C-termini. This might be expected if they are folding cotranslationally, as had been seen in soluble proteins. Motivated by this, I predicted the structures of membrane proteins using SAINT2, a cotranslational structure prediction program, and achieved promising results. I developed SAINT2-ScafFold, which folds proteins around a rigid N-terminus, but the accuracy of prediction of the remaining protein was no better than when the entire chain was sampled. A membrane potential was implemented in SAINT2, which slightly improves the accuracy of models generated. Finally, the SAINT2-ScafFold method was applied to the completion of homology models that do not cover the entire target. An RMSD of less than 5 Å was achieved in more than half of the cases where a terminal transmembrane helix of membrane protein structures was predicted. This was an encouraging result for the prediction of membrane proteins from partial templates, and could easily be extended to soluble proteins.
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Martinez, Guadalupe Federico. "Giving It the Old College Try: Understanding Degree Commitment among Division I FBS NFL Aspirants." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/228181.
Full textAbstract:
Building on sociological studies regarding college choice and persistence, this qualitative study investigates the college and post college experiences of 15 current students with NFL aspirations and 13 former students who held NFL aspirations, all from Division I Football Bowl Series (FBS) programs. A phenomenological design is implemented to explore participants' lived experiences, and awareness of their educational and occupational options. Deil-Amen and Tevis' (2010) Circumscribed Agency frames this study and provides a lens for examining the college choice and departure process. The role of the student exerting agency as circumscribed by context, habitus, and self-efficacy is emphasized with self-perceptions being essential in the process of enacting individual behavior and decisions. Perna's (2006) conceptual college choice model is made up of four contextual layers and is used to further explain students' college choice behaviors. Findings are consistent with Bowen and Schulman (2001) in that students' college decisions are driven by their athletic pursuits. This study also addresses persistence for this group of students. Tinto's (1993) theory on departure is used as a platform from which to examine commitment and social integration. Traditionally, degree commitment has been measured as strong or which severely limits our understanding of persistence. Findings reveal degree commitment to be fluid and contingent upon perceived occupational options, health status, and year in college. The majority of current students express commitment to degree attainment as a priority. However, further investigation reveals degree commitment to exist without a specific time frame set by students. This adds a time dimension to our understanding of degree commitment. This study further extends Tinto's concept of commitment with evidence of two competing goal commitments: degree and occupational. Decisions to leave college early for the NFL are driven by participants' self-perception of their athletic abilities despite where they are on the team's talent roster. This decision is further shaped by their college community integration consisting of teammates, coaches, and the NFL. Former students who stopped out of college reveal unanticipated challenges with re-entry into college. However, in contemplating a return to complete their bachelor’s degree, stop outs articulate a renewed sense of energy and degree commitment given a change in their occupational trajectory and situated context.
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Wang, Lei. "Cloning and characterization of a novel oocyte-specific gene Fbos encoding an F-Box protein in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10786.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2009.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 51 p. : ill. (some col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 46-51).
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Abboud, Alia. "Faith based organizations in Lebanon : objectives and practices." Thesis, Robert Gordon University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10059/2466.
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The Lebanese Civil War (1975-1990) witnessed the prominence of the voluntary sector through the active involvement of existing non-governmental organizations (NGOs) and the emergence of new ones as service providers in response to the social, educational and other community needs left unattended to by the public sector. This thesis takes a comparative look at the objectives and practices of faith-based NGOs, or FBOs, currently active in Lebanon, both local and international. It considers the role of the sectarian context, and the influence – if any - of religious identity and values on the founding and mission of an FBO, and the identity of the communities where it chose to operate. It also seeks to explore the relationship between an FBO’s religious identity, the community(ies) it serves, and the expression of its faith in that particular community. The research involved qualitative interviews of a cross-section of FBOs in Lebanon representing different faiths, together with a textual analysis of the communication used by these organizations in addressing their stakeholders. The research shed light on the motivations and the historical events that led to the founding of the sample population. Also, the variance between the mandates of the different faith-based organizations, each according to its religious values, and how that is reflected in determining their programme direction, and hence, the mode of operation in the community. In the process, the interviews highlighted other factors that can equally impact the image of an organization in any particular community; as well as the position of the same-faith communities vis-à-vis the mandate of their same-faith FBO. The textual analysis of the sample population’s communication tools was equally insightful as it drew attention to factors that affect the discourse used in presenting who they are, as well as their vision and mission. Other insights gleaned from this research include the organizations’ view point and/or position with respect to the sectarian context that empowers them as religiously based organizations; an aspect that gives some thought as to the potential role for FBOs as agents of change in such a complex context. The source of the knowledge arrived at through this research is based on input received from the organizations themselves, either through the interviews with their leaders, or through their communication tools. It would be equally insightful, in another research, to consider the view point of the community, also that of secular and other faith-based organizations, of the role of religiously-based development organizations in the community as they compare with their desired role.
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Chanadang, Sirichat. "Sensory evaluation and consumer acceptability of novel fortified blended foods." Diss., Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/35459.
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Doctor of PhilosophyFood, Nutrition, Dietetics and Health
Edgar Chambers IV
Fortified blended foods (FBFs), which are the mixture of cereals and legumes fortified with micronutrients, have been widely used as supplementary foods for vulnerable populations such as infants and young children in developing countries around the world. The evaluation of current FBFs showed limited evidence on their effectiveness in treating childhood malnutrition, resulting the several recommendations on processing and formulation changes to improve their quality and ability to meet nutritional needs. Sensory properties are one of the important determinants for the success of the new FBFs. Therefore, sensory testing was conducted to determine the potential of novel FBFs to be used as supplementary food compared with FBF currently used in food aid programs. Descriptive sensory analysis was performed on novel FBFs along with the traditional FBF (Corn soy blend plus; CSB+) to determine sensory characteristics of each FBF. Results showed that novel FBFs had more pronounced toasted characteristics and higher sweetness than CSB+, due to the higher temperature during extrusion process and the addition of sugar in the novel formulation. In addition, novel FBFs that had higher amount of legumes (e.g. soybean, cowpea) in their formulations, especially for all sorghum cowpea blends, showed higher intensity in beany characteristics. Sensory shelf-life testing showed that novel FBFs could have shelf lives at least 2 years with no detection of off-note characteristics and these was comparable to the shelf life of the current FBF (CSB+). Sensory testing was also performed with target populations: children who eat the food and care givers who prepare it, during a 20-week field trial to determine the acceptability and preference of novel FBFs and current FBF. Results showed that all novel FBFs were highly preferred or accepted by children, even though, some of them might need longer time and more exposures to allow children to have more experience and be familiar with the food before being satisfied or preferred that food. In contrary, CSB+ that had bland flavor tended not to be well accepted and highly preferred by children compared to novel FBFs. Moreover, giving children more opportunities to consumed food prepared from CSB+ did not help to improve its acceptability or preference. Data from household visits and interview sessions showed that porridges prepared from novel FBFs required less cooking time than CSB+ and no additional ingredients needed to be added compared to CSB+ where sugar and milk were common additions. Finding from this research indicated that novel FBFs have high potential to be used successfully as supplementary food with comparable shelf life, and higher acceptability and preference to FBF currently used in food aid programs. In addition, the simple cooking of novel FBFs make them valuable to caregivers who have limited time and access to energy sources and nutrient-rich ingredients.
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SILVA, Janaina Fernandes e. "Propriedades físicas e mecânicas de argamassa reforçada com fibras do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar (FBC)." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2010. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tde/655.
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Previous issue date: 2010-02-08In this work survey results are reported, it aimed at assessing, through laboratory tests, the exploitation of bagasse-cane (FBC) in composite cementitious (cement mortar, sand and FBC) assessing the physical and mechanical behavior of the material. Problems of chemical incompatibility between the bagasse fibers and cement matrix components have been removed by specific treatments on the CBF, such as washing, boiling, mineralization with chemicals an a mix of cement and water in different combinations. The sugar cane fibers brake down process, used in other studies conducted with the same material, was not necessary, because nowadays the CBF is already broke down in the production process in the ethanol and sugar industry. The fibers were washed and mineralized with inorganic salts (solution of sodium silicate at 5%; aluminum sulfate solution at 3%) and cream of cement (the concentration of 10:1 of water and cement), in order to protect the fiber against the aggressions of the alkaline mortar, trapping organic matter and the residual sugar to avoid interference in the reactions of cement cohesion, reduce the capacity of water absorption. Different concrete mixtures were tested, in order to find one with better compressive strength. The change occurred in the content of CBF added, may be 1.5 or 3.0% by weight of cement and the type of treatment that these fibers were submitted. Were defined traits and body-of-proof molded and compressed manually into cylindrical molds of 5 cm ø and 10 cm in height, corresponding to five combinations of treatments, two ages, two levels of fiber and three replicates, and two types of reference to variations in curing type (moist chamber and the tank with water and lime). Later, the bodiesof- evidence were submitted to tests of compressive traction in diametral compression and water absorption at 7 and 28 days. The best treatments results were: washed CBF + boiled; washed CBF +boiled+cream cement; and washed CBF + boiled + chemicals.
Neste trabalho estão relatados os resultados de uma pesquisa realizada com o objetivo de avaliar, através de ensaios de laboratório, o aproveitamento do bagaço da cana-deaçúcar (FBC) em compósito de matriz cimentícia (argamassa de cimento, areia e FBC), avaliando o comportamento mecânico e físico do material obtido. Problemas de incompatibilidade química entre as fibras do bagaço e os componentes da matriz cimentícia foram solucionados através de tratamentos específicos da FBC, como lavagem, fervura, mineralização com calda de cimento e mineralização com produtos químicos, combinados entre si. O processo de desmedulamento das fibras do bagaço da cana-de-açúcar, realizado em outras pesquisas com o mesmo material, não foi necessário, pois atualmente a FBC já vem desmedulada pelo processo de produção na indústria sucro-alcooleira. As fibras foram lavadas e mineralizadas com sais inorgânicos (solução de silicato de sódio a 5% e sulfato de alumínio em solução a 3%) e com nata de cimento (na concentração de 10:1 de água e cimento), com a finalidade de proteger a fibra contra as agressões do meio alcalino da argamassa; imobilizar a matéria orgânica e o açúcar residual para evitar a interferência do mesmo nas reações de pega do cimento e reduzir a capacidade de absorção de água pela FBC. Diferentes traços de argamassa foram testados, visando encontrar aquele com melhor resistência à compressão. A variação ocorreu no teor de FBC acrescentado, podendo ser de 1,5 ou 3,0% da massa do cimento e no tipo de tratamento que estas fibras foram submetidas. Foram definidos traços e corpos-de-prova moldados e compactados manualmente em fôrmas cilíndricas de 5 cm de Ø e 10 cm de altura, correspondentes a 5 combinações de tratamentos, duas idades, dois teores de fibra e três repetições, além de dois tipos de referência com variações no tipo de cura (câmara úmida e no tanque com água e cal). Posteriormente, os corpos-de-prova foram submetidos aos ensaios de compressão simples, tração na compressão diametral e absorção de água aos 7 e 28 dias. Os tratamentos que apresentaram melhores desempenhos foram: FBC lavada + fervida; FBC lavada + fervida + nata de cimento e FBC lavada + fervida + produtos químicos.
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Salinas, Silvia M. "The Academic and Athletic Experiences of African-american Males in a Division I (Fbs) Football Program." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc407844/.
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This study investigated the academic and athletic experiences of African-American males in a Division I football bowl subdivision football program. Critical race theory, identity development model, and social learning model were the theoretical frameworks used as the critical lenses in a qualitative design to examine the participants. The participants’ responses were analyzed and interpreted using thematic analysis. A qualitative research design, which included individual interviews with 10 second year African-American male football players, was used to address this research problem. The goal was to bring together both the psychological and sociological perspectives and to challenge participants to candidly describe their academic and athletic experiences and attitudes toward obtaining an undergraduate degree. Four themes were determined in the data analysis: differential treatment and determining oneself, time management, relationships, and career aspirations. In relation to the theoretical frameworks, the development of self-confidence and knowledge of balancing their academic and athletic schedules was critical for all participants. The sense of feeling different and challenged because of the differences in culture and experience was evident. From this study, university and collegiate athletics administrators may better understand the backgrounds, challenges, and learning needs of this population. As a result, higher education personnel may improve the services they provide these young men in hopes of educating and developing whole persons—physically, emotionally, intellectually, socially, and spiritually—to become well-rounded and functional in contemporary society.
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Lammi, Matthew D. "Characterizing High School Students' Systems Thinking in Engineering Design Through the Function-Behavior-Structure (FBS) Framework." DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/849.
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The aim of this research study was to examine high school students' systems thinking when engaged in an engineering design challenge. This study included 12 high school students that were paired into teams of two to work through an engineering design challenge. These dyads were given one hour in their classrooms with access to a computer and engineering sketching paper to complete the design. Immediately following the design challenge, the students participated in a post hoc reflective group interview.
The methodology of this study was informed by and derived from cognitive science's verbal protocol analysis. Multiple forms of data were gathered and triangulated for analysis. These forms included audio and video recordings of the design challenge and the interview, computer tracking, and student-generated sketches. The data were coded using Gero's FBS framework. These coded data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The transitions were further analyzed using measures of centrality. Additionally, qualitative analysis techniques were used to understand and interpret systems and engineering design themes and findings.
Through the qualitative and quantitative analyses, it was shown that the students demonstrated thinking in terms of systems. The results imply that systems thinking can be part of a high school engineering curriculum. The students considered and explored multiple interconnected variables, both technical as well as nontechnical in nature. The students showed further systems thinking by optimizing their design through balancing trade-offs of nonlinear interconnected variables. Sketching played an integral part in the students' design process, as it was used to generate, develop, and communicate their designs. Although many of the students recognized their own lack of drawing abilities, they understood the role sketching played in engineering design. Therefore, graphical visualization through sketching is a skill that educators may want to include in their curricula. The qualitative analysis also shed light on analogical reasoning. The students drew from their personal experience in lieu of professional expertise to better understand and expand their designs. Hence, the implication for educators is to aid the students in using their knowledge, experience, and preexisting schemata to work through an engineering design.
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Vitikainen, Rudelene Nanette. "Communicating Faith-Identity in Development: A case study of three Faith-Based Organisations (FBOs) in the Mindanao Island of Southern Philippines." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22745.
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This research paper is a case study on the identity of three Faith-Based Organisations (FBOs) located in the Mindanao Island of Southern Philippines. The empirical data was collected employing qualitative semi-structured interviews through virtual interactions. The research captures the journey of the three local FBOs as they continue to sustain their identity amidst the changes in the development world where they function. Identity is a complex issue, especially when FBOs have to experience the pressure to conform to how the world thinks who they are. So what does faith identity mean to these FBOs? How is this identity communicated in practice?The aim of this research is to acquire a better understanding of these FBOs; their faith- identity and its values; and how faith provides direction for actions which shape and characterise these organisations. Moreover, considerations were taken that faith is manifested in different ways. In studying these FBOs, the researcher was provided with another perspective on why FBOs held on to their identity regardless of the constant pressure to conform to the changing world and the opportunities the changing world has to offer. Moreover, to acquire knowledge on the importance of their identity helps to bridge communication gaps among the many actors in development and to know what to expect in development partnership.According to the modernists, religion will disappear. For the international development actors, religion will be less important as the communities modernise. However, faith is still significant to the FBOs in this research. Faith is not an add-on to the development work they do. Faith is the reason for their existence. For these FBOs, faith-identity means their development activities are inspired and guided by God to have compassion for the poor and marginalised people. For them, faith is communicated in practice by providing genuine care and by being inclusive in their development commitments.
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McCausland, Jeffrey A. "Effects Of Applying Longitudinal Magnetic Fields To Fibers Containing Bragg Gratings." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1375109817.
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Hemminger, Andrew T. P. "Substance Abuse, Gambling and Hazing – An Exploration of Educational Efforts within Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) Intercollegiate Athletics." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1276976817.
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Pålstam, Simon. "Radio Localization with GSM." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Reglerteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-132395.
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This thesis presents a feasibility study on unobtrusive localization of GSM en- abled cellphones using a Fake Base Station (FBS). An FBS is a radio transceiver that emulates the behaviour of a legitimate GSM Base Station (BS) to fool unal- tered cellphones to connect with it. This feasibility study investigates how an FBS can be utilized to estimate positions of connected cellphones in an area of interest. We present a proof of concept system that consists of a mobile FBS that measures the Time Of Arrival (TOA) and Received Signal Strength (RSS) to a cell- phone. The positions of the mobile FBS are determined with GPS. We employ calibration-free localization algorithms as we assume unknown environments and unknown hardware. Our experiments in an outdoor 180x100 m2 Line-Of- Sight (LOS) environment show that our calibration-free localization algorithms provide an average localization error less than 10 meters, which is sufficient for most applications of interest. In addition, our experiments show that RSS-based localization outperforms TOA-based localization when the average distance be- tween the FBS and cellphone is roughly 50 meters. Our experiments show that TOA-based localization outperforms RSS-based localization when the average dis- tance increases to roughly 75 meters. This research is part of the Smart Savannah project in which a wide range of different surveillance systems are developed to protect rhinos from poachers. We envision that our localization system can be used to detect and localize these poachers in an unobtrusive way. In addition, we envision that our localization sys- tem can be used in Search And Rescue (SAR) operations to estimate the positions of cellphones of missing persons.Detta examensarbete undersöker möjligheten att lokalisera mobiltelefoner med GSM teknologi genom att använda en Falsk Basstation (FBS). En FBS är en radio transceiver som emulerar beteendet hos en legitim GSM basstation för att lura omodifierade mobiltelefoner att ansluta till den. Undersökningen tar reda på hur en FBS kan användas för att estimera positionerna av anslutna mobiltelefoner inom ett målområde. För att undersöka detta har ett Proof-Of-Concept-system ta- gits fram. Systemet består av en mobil FBS som som mäter propageringstid (TOA) och mottagen signalstyrka (RSS). FBS:ens positioner bestäms med GPS. Systemet använder kalibreringsfria algoritmer för lokalisering, då vi antar att miljön och mobiltelefonernas hårdvara är okänd. Tester av systemet har utförts utomhus i ett 180x100 m2 Line-Of-Sight-område. Dessa tester visar att lokaliseringsalgorit- merna ger ett genomsnittligt fel på mindre än 10 meter. Detta anses vara till- räckligt för de flesta tillämpningar av intresse. Utöver detta visar även testerna att RSS-baserad lokalisering ger bättre resultat än TOA-baserad lokalisering när medelavståndet mellan FBS och mobiltelefon är omkring 50 meter. TOA-baserad lokalisering ger däremot ett bättre resultat än RSS-baserad lokalisering när me- delavståndet ökar till omkring 75 meter. Denna undersökning är en del av Smart Savannah projektet som innefattar flera olika övervakningssystem, utvecklade för att skydda noshörningar från tjuv- skyttar. Målet med vårt lokaliseringssystem är att det ska kunna användas för att upptäcka och lokalisera tjuvskyttar utan deras vetskap. Vi tror även att lokalise- ringssystemet kan användas vid eftersökning- och räddnings-operationer för att lokalisera försvunna personers mobiltelefoner.
Project Ngulia
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Chulvi, Ramos Vicente. "Modelo B-Cube para el modelado del conocimiento en un marco FBS y su vinculación con herramientas CAI." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/10384.
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La Tesis trata, a nivel general, de hacer una aportación relevante para lograr una automatización del diseño funcional en su fase conceptual elaborando un modelo para modelar el conocimiento en la capa de comportamientos del marco FBS que permita llevar implícita una ontología, que será lo que permitirá integrarlo en un sistema basado en el conocimiento para la automatización de la toma de decisiones del diseño en su fase conceptual. Para ello se ha recurrido al campo de las taxonomías y las ontologías, separando el modelo en dos partes diferenciadas, pero relacionadas, en función de si se refiere al diseño de productos (comportamientos físicos) o diseño de procesos (comportamientos de rol o abstractos). Del mismo modo, puesto que el proyecto trata de asistir en el proceso de diseño de nuevos productos, en la Tesis se ha tratado de vincular el modelo elaborado con herramientas innovadoras, como las planteadas por TRIZ (Teoría de Resolución de Problemas Inventivos), y como complementación a este punto se han analizado diferentes herramientas de evaluación de la creatividad con el objeto de poder establecer vínculos con el modelo para analizar las diferentes salidas del sistema y seleccionar la másóptima. El modelo, que se detalla más específicamente a lo largo del proyecto de Tesis, se le ha denominado B-Cube o behaviour's Cube, esto es, cubo de comportamientos, dada su estructura tridimensional para organizar los términos que van a definir los comportamientos.
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Vagnini, Victoria Louise. "THE EFFICIACY OF THE MMPI-2 LEES-HALEY FAKE BAD SCALE (FBS) FOR DIFFERENTIATING NEUROCOGNITIVE AND PSYCHIATRIC FEIGNERS." UKnowledge, 2003. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/404.
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The FBS (Lees-Haley, 1992) is a relatively new validity scale for the MMPI-2 designed specifically to detect feigned neurocognitive deficit. The aim of the present study was to examine the FBSs efficacy in differentiating psychiatric and neurocognitive feigners using a known-groups design. Malingering tests were administered to 180 individuals undergoing forensic neuropsychiatric evaluations. Based on the malingering test results, participants were classified as honest responders, psychiatric feigners, neurocognitive feigners, or feigning both psychiatric and neurocognitive deficits. The FBS significantly differentiated the 3 feigning groups from the honest group, but it did not discriminate effectively between neurocognitive and psychiatric feigners.
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Morton, James T. "Future Issues in the Economic, Legal, and Sociocultural Sectors of the NCAA Division I FBS Intercollegiate Athletics Environment." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1494507017342823.
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Safi, Ubaidulla. "Assessing the level of community participation in faith based NGOs in South Africa: The case of the South African National Zakah Fund (SANCAF) in Cape Town." University of the Western Cape, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5382.
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Magister Artium (Development Studies) - MA(DVS)In a country like South Africa, with a history of racial discrimination and man-made social inequalities, many NGOs and FBOs play a crucial and important role in socio-economic development and in narrowing the gap between the haves and the have-nots. As one of the nongovernmental organisations, The South African National Zakah Fund (SANZAF) development projects/programmes have played an important role in the areas of poverty alleviation, skills development, education and disaster relief. In line with the participatory/people-centred theory of community development and conceptual arguments, this study was used to examine the nature of participatory community development at the South African National Zakah Fund (SANZAF) in Cape Town, South Africa. Qualitative research methodology was applied and measurement of the level of community participation was done using a variety of instruments. This study is focused on the SANZAF's community development project in the Manenberg area in the Cape Flats. The analysis involved examining the nature and level of community participation in the project needs, planning, implementation and decision-making phases. Thereafter, the results of the research prompted general observation and provided some recommendations to SANZAF and other FBOs involved. The research findings show that the SANZAF's development projects/programmes have played an important role in terms of community development. They have been developed in response to the needs of local communities and are implemented to mobilise local resources to support the poor and needy. The study also indicated that SANZAF enjoys a strong linkage with local mosques and other development actors at the community level. However, the results of the study also indicated that the level of community participation in planning, decision making and implementation is low in the case study area. Meanwhile, the beneficiaries did not show a clear understanding of aspects such as participation, empowerment and ownership. Finally, a recommendation is made for genuine community participation at the grassroots level as this will contribute to beneficiary's empowerment, capacity building and the core ingredients for selfreliance and project sustainability in community development activities.
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Han, Wenjun. "An On-line Test for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Flue Gas from Coal Combustion in an FBC System." TopSCHOLAR®, 1999. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/781.
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Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) are environmental pollutants that have received considerable attention because of their carcinogenic and mutagenic effects. Due to the extensive amount of data suggesting the hazards of these compounds, 16 PAHs are on the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Priority Pollutant List. These compounds are often emitted into the atmosphere by way of combustion processes. Thus, analysis of these compounds during coal combustion is an important task. Three 1000-hour coal combustion burns were performed using the 0.1 MW (0.3 m) bench-scale Fluidized Bed Combustor (FBC) in the Combustion Laboratory at Western Kentucky University. The data for this thesis were collected from the second and third 1000-hour experiments. An in-situ sampling system was designed for 16 PAHs specified by EPA, which consisted of a glass wool filter, condenser, glass fiber filter, Teflon filter, and Tenax. The filters and Tenax were extracted by methylene chloride and hexane, respectively, followed by GC/MS analysis using the Selective Ion Monitoring (SIM) mode. The detection limits for each of the sixteen PAHs are as low as lppb. In this study, the effects of combustion temperature, combustion bed height, fluidizing velocity, excess air ratio, and the ratio of secondary air to primary air (air staging combustion) on the emissions of PAHs were studied. The results indicated that the emissions of PAHs in an FBC system were dependent on the combustion conditions. PAHs are mainly produced by incomplete combustion. Incomplete combustion results in larger PAHs with four or more benzene rings. High efficiency combustion results in smaller PAHs with two or three benzene rings.
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Thibault, de Chanvalon Aubin. "Transformation de la phase solide à travers l’estuaire de la Loire en relation avec son environnement chimique et biologique." Nantes, 2016. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=8d3b8b35-fbc9-4ed5-991d-08dedc59a835.
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Avant d’atteindre l’océan, les particules drainées par la Loire subissent d’importantes transformations chimiques dans l’estuaire. L’objectif de cette étude est d’identifier et de caractériser les processus majeurs de transformation impliquant le fer (et dans une moindre mesure Al, Mn, PO43- et les terres rares). L’analyse de particules en suspension a montré une diminution de 15% du fer contenu dans les particules traversant l’estuaire. La dissolution réductive des oxydes de fer durant leurs périodes de dépôt apparait comme l’une des voies réactionnelles principales. Cependant les dépôts sont caractérisés par une forte hétérogénéité spatiale due aux activités de la macrofaune benthique. Pour surmonter cette difficulté, de nouvelles méthodes de calcul, d’analyses à haute résolution et en deux dimensions de la composition de l’eau interstitielle, des particules déposées et de la méiofaune benthique ont été développées. Ainsi, nous montrons que l’activité de la macrofaune semble responsable de 80% du flux de fer dissous du sédiment vers la colonne d’eau, estimé à 0,5 mmol. M-2. D-1. Ces vitesses de réaction requièrent un temps de résidence dans le sédiment d’une dizaine d’années pour expliquer la perte visible de fer dans les particules en suspension, temps largement supérieur au temps de résidence moyen dans l’estuaire. Il apparait donc nécessaire de prendre en compte la réactivité des dépôts dans une plus large zone qui s’étendrait jusqu’aux vasières externes pour rendre compte des transformations du fer solide à travers l’estuaireBefore reaching the ocean, riverine particles from the Loire watershed undergo important chemical transformations in the estuary. This study aims to identify and characterize main processes involving iron (and to a lesser extent Al, Mn, PO43- and rare earths elements). Suspended particulate matter data show that 15% of their iron is lost through the estuary. Reductive iron dissolution during deposition periods is likely to explain most of this loss. However, estuarine sediments are characterized by high spatial heterogeneity due to macrofaunal activities. To overcome this difficulty, new methodologies of high resolution and two-dimensional analyses and calculation of pore water, sediment and benthic meiofauna were developed. These developments enable to estimate the impact of macrofaunal activity to 80% of dissolved iron export from sediment towards water column, and a total flux of 0. 5 mmol m-2 d-1. Such kinetics requires a 10-year of residence time of particles within the sediment in order to match to observed iron loss on suspended particles. This time is much longer than the mean particle residence time in the estuary. Therefore, sediment reactivity over a larger surface that stretches to the external mudflats has to be taken into account to explain transformation of solid iron through the estuary
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Peters, Yvonne. "Measurements and searches with top quarks : measurement of the top quark pair production cross section, the ratio of branching fractions and searches for new physics in the top quark sector with the D0 experiment." kostenfrei, 2008. http://elpub.bib.uni-wuppertal.de/edocs/dokumente/fbc/physik/diss2008/peters.
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Galbrecht, Frank. "Novel polyfluorene based copolymers for optoelectronic applications." kostenfrei, 2008. http://elpub.bib.uni-wuppertal.de/edocs/dokumente/fbc/chemie/diss2008/galbrecht.
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Tsami, Argiri. "Konjugierte Donor-, Akzeptor-Copolymere für Elektronikanwendungen." kostenfrei, 2008. http://elpub.bib.uni-wuppertal.de/edocs/dokumente/fbc/chemie/diss2008/tsami.
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Hallerberg, Sarah. "Predictability of extreme events in time series." kostenfrei, 2008. http://elpub.bib.uni-wuppertal.de/edocs/dokumente/fbc/physik/diss2008/hallerberg.
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