Academic literature on the topic 'Fauna and Biodiversity'
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Journal articles on the topic "Fauna and Biodiversity"
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Brocklehurst, Neil, Michael O. Day, Bruce S. Rubidge, and Jörg Fröbisch. "Olson's Extinction and the latitudinal biodiversity gradient of tetrapods in the Permian." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1852 (April 5, 2017): 20170231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.0231.
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The terrestrial vertebrate fauna underwent a substantial change in composition between the lower and middle Permian. The lower Permian fauna was characterized by diverse and abundant amphibians and pelycosaurian-grade synapsids. During the middle Permian, a therapsid-dominated fauna, containing a diverse array of parareptiles and a considerably reduced richness of amphibians, replaced this. However, it is debated whether the transition is a genuine event, accompanied by a mass extinction, or whether it is merely an artefact of the shift in sampling from the palaeoequatorial latitudes to the palaeotemperate latitudes. Here we use an up-to-date biostratigraphy and incorporate recent discoveries to thoroughly review the Permian tetrapod fossil record. We suggest that the faunal transition represents a genuine event; the lower Permian temperate faunas are more similar to lower Permian equatorial faunas than middle Permian temperate faunas. The transition was not consistent across latitudes; the turnover occurred more rapidly in Russia, but was delayed in North America. The argument that the mass extinction is an artefact of a latitudinal biodiversity gradient and a shift in sampling localities is rejected: sampling correction demonstrates an inverse latitudinal biodiversity gradient was prevalent during the Permian, with peak diversity in the temperate latitudes.
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Tarailo, David A., and David E. Fastovsky. "Post–Permo-Triassic terrestrial vertebrate recovery: southwestern United States." Paleobiology 38, no. 4 (2012): 644–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/11054.1.
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Recovery of marine biodiversity following the Permo-Triassic extinction is thought to have been delayed relative to other mass extinctions. Terrestrial vertebrate biodiversity is said to have taken as much as 15 Myr longer to recover than the marine. The present study tests, at the scale of an individual fossil community, whether a disparity in biodiversity existed in the American Southwest, between the Moenkopi Formation, containing an early Middle Triassic (Anisian) terrestrial tetrapod fauna, and the Chinle Formation, containing a successor Late Triassic (Norian) tetrapod fauna. Taking Chinle faunal biodiversity to represent full biotic recovery, comparison of taxonomic and guild diversity of faunas from similar depositional and taphonomic environments in these two formations allowed us to assess the possibility of incipient terrestrial recovery of biodiversity in the Anisian.Comparisons were made between the Holbrook Member fauna of the Moenkopi, a unit best characterized as a low-sinuosity medium- to coarse-grained fluvial deposit, and each of four Chinle stratigraphic units, representing fluvial settings from sandy low-sinuosity to muddy high-sinuosity. Three metrics were applied: generic and familial taxonomic diversity and guild diversity; these were compared by rarefaction. Simpson and Shannon diversity metrics augmented the analysis. Units of extraordinary preservation in the Chinle—the so-called blue layers—were removed from the analysis. In all tests the biodiversity of the Holbrook Member fauna is within the variation seen in Chinle faunas.If the results of our study represent global conditions, they suggest that by at least early Anisian time (∼6 Myr after the P/T extinction) biodiversity had reached levels comparable to those seen in the Late Triassic. This potentially brings the terrestrial vertebrate recovery in line with the 4–8 Myr it took for recovery in the marine realm.
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GÖKTÜRK, Temel. "Contributions to the fauna of Kılıçkaya (Yusufeli, Artvin, Turkey)." Turkish Journal of Biodiversity 1, no. 1 (December 30, 2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.38059/biodiversity.499881.
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Vshivkova, T. S. "BIODIVERSITY OF FRESHWATER INVERTEBRATES OF THE BASTAK STATE NATURE RESERVE." Regional problems 25, no. 2 (2022): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.31433/2618-9593-2022-25-2-34-37.
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The author presents the data on the fauna of aquatic invertebrates of the Bastak State Nature Reserve (BSNR) and adjacent territories located in the Middle Amur River basin, as well as the results of comparing the species composition and faunal structure of four studied areas: (1) the mountainous region of cluster Central in the BSNR and (2) the plain section of the Glinyanka River (the cluster Central); (3) the BSNR cluster Zabelovsky , and the adjacent section of the Amur River near the village of Nizhnespasskoye ; (4) lowland lakes in the vicinity of Birobidzhan. The faunas high specificity of these geomorphologically and hydrologically different areas and significant structural differences of taxonomic composition.
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Abensperg-traun, M., G. W. Arnold, D. E. Steven, G. T. Smith, L. Atkins, J. J. Viveen, and M. Gutter. "Biodiversity indicators in semi-arid, agricultural Western Australia." Pacific Conservation Biology 2, no. 4 (1995): 375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc960375.
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The predicted future loss of native Australian species of plants and animals, in part as a result of adverse land management strategies, has led to attempts to identify areas of high biotic richness (numbers of species). Bioindicators are measures of the physical environment, or of a subset of the plants or animals, that best predict biotic richness. Ideally, bioindicators should aim at predicting as large a component of the plant or animal fauna as is possible at minimum cost. For two contrasting vegetation types, we examined remnant area, vegetation structural diversity, species richness of plants, lizards and terrestrial arthropods, and the relative abundance of individual arthropod species, as indicators of faunal richness, using correlation, principal component regression and stepwise regression analyses. The study was carried out in gimlet Eucalyptus salubris woodlands (29 sites) and shrublands (27 sites) in semi-arid, agricultural Western Australia. Sites varied considerably in grazing history (woodland) and in farming history (shrubland). Fauna sampled were lizards (woodland), scorpions (woodland), isopods (woodland), cockroaches (woodland), termites (woodland, shrubland), earwigs (woodland), hemipterans (shrubland), beetles (woodland, shrubland), butterflies (shrubland) and ants (woodland, shrubland). None of the indicator variables in any analyses effectively predicted total faunal richness for either vegetation type (<35% of variation in total richness explained). In correlation analyses for woodlands, vegetation structural diversity and plant richness, but no fauna variable, explained a high percentage of the variation in the richness of lizards (56% explained by richness of native plants, +ve), scorpions (48%, richness of native plants, +ve), termites (55%, vegetation structural diversity, +ve) and beetles (59%, litter, –ve). The richness of the shrubland fauna was poorly predicted by all indicator variables (<25% explained). When using the total richness and abundance of ant functional groups, the abundance of a subset of species within ant functional groups, and of termite and beetle species, in principal component regressions, various ant functional groups explained 42% each of the richness of scorpions and beetles, and eight beetle species explained 50% of termite richness. When remnant area, vegetation structural diversity and the richness of native plants in woodland were tested in step-wise regressions as indicators of total faunal richness, remnant area was the only significant indicator variable, explaining 33% of total richness. The richness of native plants and vegetation structural diversity explained a total of 76% of the pooled richness of lizards + scorpions + termites. No significant indicator variable was found by regression procedures for total richness, or for a subset, of the shrubland fauna. We argue that differences in the predictive qualities of vegetation structure and plant richness between the vegetation types was due, in part, to differences in the spatial heterogeneity of biotic richness, and possibly the scale at which structure was measured. The use of structural diversity or plant richness as predictors of faunal richness for different woodland types, or those with different disturbance histories, or in different geographic or climatic regions, should not be adopted without verification of their efficiency at predicting the richness of the local fauna.
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Salas, María José. "Assessing the biodiversity of Ordovician ostracods from the Argentine Precordillera." Journal of Paleontology 81, no. 6 (November 2007): 1442–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/06-003r.1.
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Ostracod faunas from the Lower to Middle Ordovician rocks of the Argentine Precordillera Basin (Gualcamayo and Las Aguaditas Formations) are studied. A new family, Garcianidae, is erected. One new genus,Jeanvannieria, and six species are recognized, two of which are new (Jachalipisthia bicornataandJeanvannieria bulbosa). The diversity and composition of the Precordilleran ostracods is evaluated on the basis of previous taxonomic analysis and the fauna studied here. The diversity is moderate, with a peak of 50 species during the early Caradoc. The composition of the fauna is characterized by the dominance of podocopes with a high percentage of binodicopes and a lack of palaeocopes, which is in agreement with a deep shelf environment. The carbonate slope setting of the Las Aguaditas Formation is the deepest environment yet found with Ordovician ostracods and records a relatively diverse fauna. The presence ofEctoprimitioidessuggests biogeographic affinities between the Precordillera and Laurentia. The rest of the fauna contains a high percentage of endemic genera and a mixture of genera with several affinities, Baltic, peri-Gondwanan, and Australian.
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Dauvin, Jean-Claude, and Denise Bellan-Santini. "Biodiversity and the biogeographic relationships of the Amphipoda: Gammaridea on the French coastline." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 84, no. 3 (May 24, 2004): 621–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315404009658h.
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A recent inventory of the benthic Gammaridea: Amphipoda species on the French continental coastline catalogued 495 species. An analysis of the biodiversity and the biogeographic relationships that exist between the French Amphipoda: Gammaridea, living on the coastline that extends along 10° latitude range in the temperate region between 41° and 51° North and the other gammaridean faunas living in the north-eastern Atlantic has drawn the pattern of diversity in this marine invertebrate group on a large biogeographical scale. Gammaridean amphipods exhibit a latitudinal gradient over the total number of species, including the continental shelf species and the bathyal species. There are four main fauna groups, which correspond to the biogeographical zones of the north-eastern Atlantic: (1) a cold arctic and cool-temperate Svalbard and Norwegian coastal fauna; (2) a cool-temperate boreal and Boreal–Lusitanian United Kingdom, Irish and English Channel shallow fauna; (3) a warm-temperate Lusitanian Bay of Biscay and subtropical central Atlantic fauna; and (4) a subtropical Mediterranean fauna. The French fauna appears particularly rich, presenting 44% of the 1119 species recorded in the north-eastern Atlantic along the 50° latitude range (30°N–80°N). This is obviously due to France's intermediate latitudinal location within the Lusitanian temperate biogeographical zone, which produces a biogeographical cross between the boreal fauna in the north and the warm temperate and sub-tropical fauna in the south.
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WIRYANTO, WIRYANTO, SUNARTO SUNARTO, and SLAMET MARDIYANTO RAHAYU. "Biodiversity of mangrove aquatic fauna in Purworejo, Central Java, Indonesia." Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity 18, no. 4 (October 4, 2017): 1344–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d180409.
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Wiryanto, Sunarto, Rahayu SM. 2017. Biodiversity of mangrove aquatic fauna in Purworejo, Central Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 18: 1344-1352. Mangrove areas have important roles of ecologic, socio-economic, and socio-culture in ecosystem. Mangrove areas in Purworejo go into degradation as an impact of illegal logging, fishpond area expansion, settlements expansion and extension of agriculture area. All of the activities will influence the communities’ structure of mangroves vegetation and aquatic fauna. The purposes of research are to observe (i) biodiversity of mangroves aquatic fauna; (ii) correlation between mangrove vegetation and aquatic fauna; and (iii) the influence of abiotic factors towards biotic condition in research sites. This research was conducted in June-September 2016 at 3 stations and was determined with purposive sampling method. The research stations are Gedangan (Station 1), Jatikontal (Station 2) and Ngentak (Station 3). Vegetation of mangrove and aquatic fauna were observed with method of line transect and sampling removal. Association between variables (vegetation and aquatic fauna) is analyzed with Pearson Correlation Test. Influence of abiotic factors (physics and chemicals) on biotic (vegetation and aquatic fauna) is analyzed with t-test and regression test. According to the research, 34 species of aquatic fauna are from mangroves area of Purworejo. Highest value of aquatic fauna is found in Station 3 (ID 2.50). Pearson correlation test between vegetation and aquatic fauna obtains r value of 0,104. The t-test results a significant difference (sig 0.000) between abiotic factors and biotic condition and shows the impact of changes on both. Further test with regression method also indicates a weak impact on changes on abiotic factors towards biotic condition (r2 0.032).
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Sari, Rizky Novia, Rahmat Safe'i, and Dian Iswandaru. "BIODIVERSITAS FAUNA SEBAGAI SALAH SATU INDIKATOR KESEHATAN HUTAN MANGROVE FAUNA." PERENNIAL 15, no. 2 (October 31, 2019): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24259/perennial.v15i2.6061.
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Mangrove forests have a special function, namely as a green belt which is certainly very important for human life. Health of forests, especially mangrove forests, is often overlooked regarding their health conditions. The health condition of the mangrove forest is very influential on its sustainability, so to know its health, one of the indicators that can be used is fauna biodiversity. Fauna biodiversity can be known by using the FHM (Forest Health Monitoring) method to determine the diversity and condition of health status. Mangrove forest in Pasir Sakti Sub-District, East Lampung Regency has a diversity of 9 species of birds and 5 types of epifauna diversity. Based on this, the Mangrove Forest of Pasir Sakti District, East Lampung Regency has a good forest health status.
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Robles-Moral, Francisco Javier, Manuel Fernández-Díaz, and Gabriel Enrique Ayuso-Fernández. "What Do Pre-Service Preschool Teachers Know about Biodiversity at the Level of Organisms? Preliminary Analysis of Their Ability to Identify Vertebrate Animals." Sustainability 14, no. 18 (September 11, 2022): 11406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141811406.
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The current global crisis has one of its worst sides in the biodiversity crisis. Biodiversity loss affects both species and the functionality of ecosystems. This leads to a decrease or loss of ecosystem services, with catastrophic effects on all living beings, including humans. In this sense, education must be another tool that contributes to biodiversity conservation. The aim of this research is to determine the knowledge that pre-service preschool teachers have about vertebrate animals. The results indicate that there is little knowledge of the native fauna (from a nearby regional geographical area). In this case we consider native fauna the fauna of the Iberian Peninsula, as this is the location of the research. The scarce knowledge of the native fauna can be an obstacle to its teaching and therefore to its conservation. In this sense, training actions are needed to provide teachers with knowledge of native biodiversity so that the school can act as a complement to biodiversity conservation and sustainable development.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fauna and Biodiversity"
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Reboleira, Ana Sofia Pereira Serrenho. "Biodiversity and conservation of subterranean fauna of Portuguese karst." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/10865.
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Doutoramento em BiologiaAs regiões cársicas de Portugal ocupam uma parte considerável do território e albergam mais de 2000 grutas, que são habitadas por animais subterrâneos com características adaptativas únicas. Estes animais estão entre os mais raros, ameaçados e desprotegidos a nível mundial, comummente pelo simples fato de serem desconhecidos, o que associado à relativa inacessibilidade do seu habitat, constitui um desafio para o seu estudo. O presente trabalho centra-se no estudo da biodiversidade subterrânea do carso de Portugal, de forma a contribuir para a sua conservação. Os invertebrados subterrâneos têm sido ignorados no que concerne à sua proteção, sobretudo porque o conhecimento era escasso e desorganizado. Este trabalho começa por apresentar uma revisão de todas as fontes bibliográficas sobre fauna subterrânea em Portugal, incluindo um catálogo de espécies troglóbias e estigóbias, acompanhado das respetivas localizações, para congregar, pela primeira vez, o estado do conhecimento da riqueza específica, biogeografia e conservação das áreas estudadas. Para compreender os padrões de biodiversidade subterrânea, foi realizado um ano de trabalho de campo intenso e padronizado em mais de 40 cavidades de 14 unidades cársicas. Deste esforço resultou a descoberta e descrição de nove novos taxa, compreendendo três novos géneros e seis novas espécies para a ciência. Utilizando sistemas de informação geográfica foram mapeadas as distribuições das espécies subterrâneas do carso de Portugal e a sua riqueza foi comparada com a de outras áreas do mundo. Para explicar a sua riqueza específica subterrânea, foram testados vários fatores ambientais e efetuada a estimativa de espécies subterrâneas, numa escala regional. A evapotranspiração e consequentemente a produtividade primária ao nível da superfície poderão ser fatores importantes na variação da riqueza específica nas diferentes unidades cársicas, mas a profundidade e as características geológicas únicas de cada maciço parecem desempenhar um papel determinante nos padrões de biodiversidade subterrânea. Com o intuito de avaliar a sensibilidade de organismos subterrâneos à contaminação, foram testados os efeitos letais de dois tóxicos em crustáceos estigóbios com diferentes graus de troglomorfismo. Foram igualmente abordados aspectos gerais de ecotoxicologia de águas subterrâneas e perspectivas de futuro. Os principais problemas relacionados com a conservação dos habitats subterrâneos em Portugal estão associados à destruição direta do habitat e à sua contaminação. Estes carecem de proteção específica, o que implica a gestão adequada à superfície e a criação de áreas prioritárias de conservação. Integrando toda a informação gerada, o presente estudo estabelece uma hierarquização de locais prioritários para a conservação da fauna subterrânea em zonas cársicas de Portugal.
This research is a contribution to the study of subterranean biodiversity in karst areas of Portugal, towards its conservation. The relative inaccessibility of the subterranean environment is a challenge for the study of its fauna, often accessible only in caves but more widely distributed. The subterranean animals are among the most rare, threatened and worldwide underprotected, often by the simple fact of being unknown. Karst areas of Portugal occupy a considerable part of the territory and harbor more than 2000 caves. The complex biogeographical history of the Iberian Peninsula allowed the survival of several relict arthropod refugees in the subterranean environment. Subterranean invertebrates have been ignored, as for as the protection of karst systems are concerned in Portugal, largely because knowledge was scarce and disorganized. Reviewing all the bibliographic sources about subterranean fauna from Portugal and listing troglobiont and stygobiont species and locations, was essential to understand the state of knowledge of species richness and the biogeography and conservation status for the studied areas. In order to understand subterranean biodiversity patterns in karst areas from Portugal, one year of intense fieldwork was performed in more than 40 caves from 14 karst units. Several new species for science were discovered and 7 taxa comprising 2 new genera and 5 new species were described. Bearing in mind that spatial distribution of subterranean species is crucial to ecological research and conservation, the distribution of hypogean species, from Portuguese karst areas, was mapped using geographic information systems. Also, its subterranean richness was compared with other areas of the world and missing species were estimated on a regional scale. The subterranean biodiversity patterns were analyzed, and several factors were tested to explain richness patterns. Evapotranspiration and the consequent high productivity on the surface may be determinant in the species richness in the different karst units of Portugal, but the depth of the caves and the unique geological features of every massif seemed to play a more important role. In order to evaluate the tolerance of organisms to groundwater contamination, the acute toxicity of two substances were tested on stygobiont crustaceans with different degrees of troglomorphism. Our study showed that the high levels of endemism contribute to remarkably different toxicological responses within the same genus. The major problems related to conservation of subterranean habitats were associated to direct destruction and their contamination. These ecosystems lack of specific protection, implying an adequate management of surface habitats and the establishment of priority areas. Integrating all the previous information, this study establishes a ranking of sites for conservation of subterranean fauna in karst areas of Portugal.
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Bird, Stephanie. "The impact of native and exotic plants on soil biodiversity and ecosystem function." Thesis, University of Roehampton, 2016. https://pure.roehampton.ac.uk/portal/en/studentthesis/the-impact-of-native-and-exotic-plants-on-soil-biodiversity-and-ecosystem-function(c9707653-095b-4570-83d9-a444585f5b71).html.
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Soil biodiversity is an often overlooked component of global biodiversity, despite being important for supporting soil ecosystem services, notably decomposition processes. As the UK becomes increasingly urbanised, knowledge is required to help gardeners maximise urban green space resources for biodiversity. It is often assumed that non native vegetation has negative impacts on biodiversity, however, this hypothesis has not been tested for soil biodiversity. The overarching aims were to establish whether the geographical origin of vegetation affected soil faunal assemblages and decomposition rates for a UK soil. Traditional taxonomic methods and a molecular phylogenetic approach were used to characterise the Collembola communities of plots planted with vegetation from three geographical regions: ‘Native’, ‘Near native’ and ‘Exotic’. For comparison, additional soil cores were collected from the amenity grassland sites adjacent to the experimental plots, a lowland heath and a semi-natural woodland. No difference was found either in terms of the taxonomic diversity (1-D & H’) or phylogenetic diversity (PD & MPD) for the Collembola, under the different vegetation treatments, although differences in abundance were observed for some taxa (Acari & Collembola). Decomposition rates were assessed for each plot, using both twig (B. pendula) and leaf (Q. robur) litter bags for the soil mesofauna and bait lamina strips for earthworm activity; none of these parameters showed evidence of a vegetation origin effect on decomposition processes. The greatest differences were found when all sites were considered, with distinct Collembola communities found at each of the habitats; the semi-natural habitats had greater Collembola species diversity than the experimental plots, however, the decomposition rates of the latter were significantly higher. The implications of all results have been discussed with regards to the management of gardens for soil biodiversity, reaching the conclusion that vegetation origin is not of paramount importance.
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Townsend, Michael. "Biodiversity and ecosystem functioning : exploring the relationship for subtidal marine benthic fauna." Thesis, University of York, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.495912.
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Vieira, Pedro Emanuel Ferreira dos Reis. "Biodiversity and evolution of the coastal peracaridean fauna of Macaronesia and Northeast Atlanti." Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/22009.
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Doutoramento em BiologiaIn the complex and rich Northeast (NE) Atlantic and Macaronesia coasts, the superoder Peracarida (Crustacea) is one of the most abundant and commom marine invertebrate taxa with an important role in benthic communities. The study of this group is often limited to inventory lists or benthic community studies and the genetic knowledge of the group in this region is poor. The main goal of this thesis was to improve knowledge on Peracarida diversity and evolution in the NE Atlantic and Macaronesia, with particular emphasis on shallow water and rocky shore members of the orders Amphipoda, Isopoda and Tanaidacea. The thesis comprises five chapters with original research, entailing a DNA barcodebased screening of the species diversity in this group through the comparison of morphology and molecular-derived data (chapter 2), a set of two studies of the isopod genus Dynamene (chapters 3 and 4), one chapter about the amphipod family Hyalidae (chapter 5), and a multi-species analyses of the diversity and broad phylogeographic patterns of Macaronesian peracarideans (chapter 6). In the first chapter, we reported a DNA barcode reference library for the superorder Peracarida, comprising specimens from marine Atlantic coasts, mainly from Iberian Peninsula, together with additional members of the same or sister taxa from other locations. A higher number of Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) compared with the number of morphospecies was found, with some of them displaying up to six BINs. The presence of deeply divergent intraspecific lineages suggests the existence of considerable overlooked taxonomic diversity, even in one of the most well-known peracaridean faunas in the world. These findings indicate the need for a broad, comprehensive and integrated revision of the peracaridean fauna from the Southern European Atlantic coasts. In the second chapter, the commom but species-poor and controversial isopod Dynamene genus was investigated in detail by examining thousands of specimens records sampled during more than fifty years. The distribution and taxonomy of the six Dynamene species along the Northeast Atlantic-Black Sea axis was revised and updated. New distribution maps and illustrated keys to the adult males and females of the northern hemisphere species are provided. In the last three chapters, molecular delineation tools revealed extensive cryptic diversity in the genus Dynamene (3 morphospecies vs 12 molecular operational taxonomic units - MOTUs), in the amphipod family Hyalidae (7 morphospecies vs 32 MOTUs) and in twenty-five peracaridean species (25 morphospecies vs 90 MOTUs). A split between Macaronesian and continental populations was patent, and in most cases the Macaronesian populations displayed high levels of diversity. These findings suggest a much larger role of oceanic islands in the diversification of these marine invertebrates than would have been anticipated, and contributes to expose weakly explored events in the phylogeography and evolution of Macaronesia’s marine fauna. This thesis showed that marine biodiversity, as seen in peracarideans from the NE Atlantic and Macaronesia, has been considerably underestimated. The level of diversity will likely increase with the addition of different taxa, different types of habitat and distinct marine regions. It also suggests that these oceanic islands may act as drivers of evolution, diversification and endemism, just as well for marine organisms as they do for terrestrial ones.
Nas costas complexas e ricas do Nordeste (NE) Atlântico e da Macaronésia, a superordem Peracarida (Crustacea) é um dos taxa de invertebrados marinhos mais abundante e comum, com um papel importante nas comunidades bentónicas. O estudo deste grupo é muitas vezes limitado a listas de inventários ou estudos de comunidade bentónicas e o seu conhecimento genético nesta região é deficiente. O objetivo principal desta tese foi o de melhorar o conhecimento sobre a diversidade e a evolução dos peracarídeos no Atlântico Nordeste e na Macaronésia, com ênfase nos membros presentes nas zonas pouco profundas e nas zonas costeiras rochosas das ordens Amphipoda, Isopoda e Tanaidacea. Esta tese compreende cinco capítulos com pesquisa original, incluindo uma biblioteca de referência de DNA barcodes neste grupo, através da comparação de dados morfológicos e moleculares (capítulo 2), um conjunto de dois estudos dedicados ao género isopode Dynamene (capítulos 3 e 4), um capítulo dedicado à família de anfípodes Hyalidae (capítulo 5), e uma abordagem multi-espécies da diversidade e dos padrões filogeográficos dos peracarídios presentes na Macaronésia (capítulo 6). No primeiro capítulo, relatamos uma biblioteca de referência de DNA barcodes para a superordem Peracarida, que inclui espécimes de costas do Atlântico, principalmente da Península Ibérica, juntamente com membros adicionais do mesmo ou semalhantes taxa de outros locais. Um maior número de Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) em comparação com o número de morfo-espécies foi encontrado, com algumas morfo-espécies exibindo até seis BINs. A presença de linhagens profundamente divergentes sugere a existência de uma considerável diversidade taxonómica anteriormente negligenciada, mesmo numa das mais conhecidas faunas de peracarídeos do mundo. Estas descobertas indicam a necessidade de uma revisão ampla, abrangente e integrada da fauna de peracarídeos das costas do Atlântico do Sul da Europa. No segundo capítulo, o abundante mas controverso género Dynamene foi investigado em detalhe, ao examinar vários milhares de individuos amostrados durante mais de cinquenta anos. A distribuição e a taxonomia das seis espécies de Dynamene ao longo do eixo Nordeste Atlântico-Mar Negro foram revistas e actualizadas. Novos mapas de distribuição e chaves ilustradas para os machos adultos e fêmeas das espécies deste género, presentes no hemisfério norte, são fornecidas. Nos três últimos capítulos, as ferramentas de delineamento molecular revelaram uma extensa diversidade críptica no género Dynamene (3 morfoespécies vs 12 unidades taxonómicas operacionais moleculares - MOTUs), na família de anfípipodes Hyalidae (7 morfoespécies vs 32 MOTUs) e em vinte e cinco espécies de peracarídeos (25 morfoespécies vs 90 MOTUs). Uma separação entre as populações presentes na Macaronésia e as presentes no continente foi visivel e, na maioria dos casos, as populações presentes na Macaronésia apresentavam maiores níveis de diversidade. Estas descobertas sugerem um papel maior das ilhas oceânicas na diversificação destes invertebrados marinhos do que se anteciparia e contribuiram para expor eventos pouco explorados na filogeografia e evolução da fauna marinha na Macaronésia. Esta tese mostrou que a biodiversidade marinha, como se observa em peracarídeos presentes no NE Atlântico e na Macaronésia, foi consideravelmente subestimada. O nível de diversidade provavelmente aumentará com a adição de diferentes taxa, diferentes tipos de habitat e de regiões marinhas distintas. Esta tese também sugere que estas ilhas oceânicas podem atuar como impulsionadoras da evolução, da diversificação e do endemismo em organismos marinhos, como acontece nos organismos terrestres.
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Kehoe, Laura. "Of food & fauna: investigating the relationship between global agricultural land use & biodiversity." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/18453.
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Die landwirtschaftliche Landnutzung dominiert ein Drittel der Erdoberfläche und ist der größte Einflussfaktor des Biodiversitätsverlustes. Zudem wird prognostiziert, dass sich mit wachsender Erdbevölkerung und zunehmendem Bedarf an Ressourcen der Einfluss der landwirtschaftlichen Landnutzung auf die Biodiversität massiv ausweiten wird. Das Hauptziel dieser Dissertation war es, ein tieferes Verständnis über die Beziehung zwischen landwirtschaftlicher Landnutzung und Biodiversität auf globaler Skala zu entwickeln. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen möchte diese Dissertation eine Brücke über drei Forschungslücken schlagen. Erstens, während sich bereits viele Studien mit der Auswirkung der landwirtschaftlichen Expansion auf die Biodiversität beschäftigt haben, untersuchten relativ wenige Arbeiten die Beziehung zwischen den vielen Facetten der landwirtschaftlichen Intensivierung und der Biodiversität. Zweitens, die meisten Studien hinsichtlich Landnutzung und Biodiversität haben die Auswirkungen auf lokaler bis regionaler Skala analysiert, wohingegen nur wenige diese Beziehung auf globaler Skala untersucht haben. Diese Lücke ist besonders kritisch in Bezug auf die Vorhersage des Artenreichtums – wobei traditionellerweise eher Umweltfaktoren als durch den Menschen bedingte Faktoren als wichtig für das Bedingen und Vorhersagen von großflächigen Mustern der Biodiversität angesehen werden. Drittens, angesichts des zunehmenden zukünftigen Bedarfes an Ressourcen ist ein besseres Verständnis bezüglich der Auswirkung der zukünftigen landwirtschaftlichen Landnutzung auf die Biodiversität nötig. Diese Dissertation erzielte Fortschritte darin Brücken über diese Forschungslücken zu schlagen durch (i) das Kartieren von Mustern vielfacher Metriken der Landnutzungsintensität und Biodiversität, (ii) das Verbessern der Arten-Areal-Beziehung durch die Einbindung von Landbedeckung und Landnutzungsintensitätsmetriken sowie (iii) das Identifizieren von Gebieten mit großer biologischer Vielfalt, die gefährdet sind hinsichtlich der Trajektorien potentieller zukünftiger Landnutzungsexpansion und –intensivierung. Die Muster der Landnutzungs-intensitätsmetriken waren heterogen verteilt in Gebieten mit hoher Biodiversität, was darauf hinweist, dass die Umweltschutzforschung vielfache Intensitätsmetriken einbeziehen sollte um zu verhindern, dass die Bedrohung für die Biodiversität unterschätzt wird. Weitere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass in der Vorhersage des globalen Artenreichtums die Landnutzungsintensität den Biomen in nichts nachsteht, wodurch eines der fundamentalsten Gesetze in der Ökologie erweitert wird und ein verbessertes Verständnis der großflächigen Muster im Artenreichtum erzielt wird. Die am stärksten gefährdeten Gebiete bezüglich des potentiellen zukünftigen landwirtschaftlichen Wandels wurden schließlich weitverbreitet in Lateinamerika und im subsaharischen Afrika gefunden. Dieses Ergebnis bot wichtige Erkenntnisse zur proaktiven Entschärfung von zukünftigen potentiellen Konflikten in der Beziehung zwischen Biodiversität und Landnutzung. In Anbetracht der großen Bedrohung, die die Landwirtschaft für die Biodiversität darstellt, hob diese Dissertation insgesamt die Komplexität und Bedeutung der Landnutzungsintensität in ihrer Beziehung zur Biodiversität hervor und identifizierte Gebiete mit hoher Biodiversität, welche bedroht sind von landwirtschaftlicher Landnutzung, sowohl in der Gegenwart als auch zukünftig.Agricultural land use dominates one third of the Earth’s land surface and is the single biggest driver of biodiversity loss. Moreover, with a growing human population and a rising demand for resources, the impact of agricultural land use on biodiversity is projected to escalate. The main goal of this thesis was to gain a deeper understanding of the relationship between agricultural land use and biodiversity on a global scale. In approaching this goal, this thesis aims to bridge three main research gaps. First, while much research has addressed the effect of agricultural expansion on biodiversity, relatively little work has investigated the relationship between the many facets of agricultural intensification and biodiversity. Second, most studies on land use and biodiversity have assessed local to regional scale impacts, whereas few have assessed this relationship on a global scale. This gap is particularly critical in terms of predicting species richness – where environmental factors rather than human driven factors have traditionally been thought to be important in driving and predicting broad-scale patterns of biodiversity. Third, in light of growing future demand for resources, a better understanding is needed regarding the impact of future agricultural land use on biodiversity. This thesis made progress in bridging these research gaps by (i) mapping patterns of multiple metrics of land-use intensity and biodiversity, (ii) improving species-area relationships with the inclusion of land cover and land-use intensity metrics, and (iii) identifying highly biodiverse areas at risk under trajectories of potential future agricultural expansion and intensification. Patterns of land-use intensity metrics were heterogeneously distributed in areas of high biodiversity, suggesting that conservation research should include multiple intensity metrics in order to avoid underestimating biodiversity threat. Further results show land-use intensity was found to rival biomes in predicting global species richness, thus upgrading one of the most fundamental laws in ecology, and providing an improved understanding of broad-scale species richness patterns. Finally, areas most at-risk under potential future agricultural change were found to be widespread across Latin America and Sub-Saharan America. This delivered crucial insights in proactively mitigating future potential conflicts in the nexus of biodiversity and land use. Overall, considering the great threat agriculture poses to biodiversity, this thesis highlighted the complexity and importance of land-use intensity in its relationship with biodiversity and uncovered highly biodiverse areas threatened by agricultural land use, both currently and in the future.
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Rösth, John. "Comparison of the benthic fauna within the littoral in two affected lakes situated in central Sweden." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för naturvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-27595.
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The benthic animals have important roles in benthic communities. Indicator organisms can tell things about a lakes status. Many of them are sensitive to acidification but there are also tolerant taxa. Some prefer eutrophic environments. The benthic fauna can therefore decide a lakes status since some species prefer different environments. The focus of this study was to compare benthic fauna within the littoral in the lakes Sidsjön and Vintertjärnen. They are situated a little south of Sundsvall, central Sweden and belong to the water system of Selångersån. The comparison was done at eight random locals in each lake at two occasions, during early and late summer to analyze if the benthic fauna differed between the two lakes and if it changed through the season. Five of the locals in each lake were protected and had soft bottoms and the remaining were exposed locals with hard bottom. Sidsjön is bigger than Vintertjärnen and has more variated bottom types so the biodiversity should be higher in Sidsjön. I also expect that the number of taxa should decrease during the later occasion due to hatchings. Three statistical analyses were done to see if these hypotheses were right or if they should be rejected. The two first analyses were ANOVA analyses, two-way with replication. The first ANOVA was for number of taxa and the second was for number of animals. The third analysis was a DCA analysis with the variables lakes, bottom types and emergent plants. ASPT index and Eq was also calculated and pH was measured during autumn for the lakes. The conclusion is that the there is no difference between the lakes but a significant effect when it comes to seasons according to the first ANOVA analysis. The second ANOVA analysis show that the lakes are not differing, that no factor is significant and there are no interactions. According to the DCA analysis there are differences between lakes and occasions when it comes to the variables.Datum för godkännande 2016-03-31
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Queiroz, Murilo de Souza [UNESP]. "Helminto fauna de anfíbios da família Leptodactylidae em três fisionomias de Cerrado." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132670.
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000853814.pdf: 2548792 bytes, checksum: 4dcc66a7bc75a3a60859016f28df5cab (MD5)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Os parasitas representam importante papel na manutenção da diversidade local de hospedeiros e das funções ecossistêmicas, porém são os primeiros organismos a desaparecer por causa das ações antrópicas sobre o ambiente natural. O conhecimento sobre a diversidade biológica existente no planeta é ainda consideravelmente escasso e inventariar a fauna de uma determinada porção de um ecossistema é o primeiro passo para a conservação, a recuperação, e o uso racional do meio ambiente. Inventários faunísticos, descrições de espécies e revisões de helmintofaunas são necessários, pois enriquecem a compreensão do parasitismo nos grupos de vertebrados e constituem uma base para os próximos estudos. Para o estado do Mato Grosso do Sul os estudos sobre a helmintofauna estão restritos a região do pantanal assim os objetivos desse estudo são descrever a fauna de helmintos associados à anuros da família Leptodactylidae, estimar os parâmetros de infecção parasitários: prevalência, intensidade de infecção e riqueza de parasitas em três fisionomias de Cerrado no município de Selvíria, estado do Mato Grosso do Sul. Foram coletados 114 anuros em um ano de coletas, com um total de 72 dias de armadilhas abertas e 48 horas de busca ativa. Dos 114 hospedeiros 89 estavam parasitados (78% de prevalência) e foram coletados 1730 helmintos pertencentes a 21 espécies. Nematoda foi o grupo mais diverso (12 espécies), seguido por Trematoda (9 espécies) e Acanthocephala (1espécie). Este estudo contribuiu para o aumento de registro de novos hospedeiros para espécies de parasitas, 22 novos registros, e também foram reportadas 3 novas espécies de helmintos no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul
The parasites are an important role in maintaining local diversity of hosts and ecosystem functions, but they are the first organisms to disappear because of human activities on the natural environment. Knowledge of the biological diversity on the planet is still pretty scarce and inventory the fauna of a particular portion of an ecosystem is the first step for the conservation, recovery, and the rational use of the environment. Wildlife inventories, descriptions of species and helmintofaunas revisions are necessary because enrich the understanding of parasitism in vertebrate groups and form a basis for future studies. For the Mato Grosso do Sul state studies on helminth parasites are restricted to wetland region so the objectives of this study are to describe the helminth fauna associated with frogs in the Leptodactylidae family, estimate the parasitic infection parameters: prevalence, intensity of infection and wealth of parasites in three Cerrado physiognomies in Selvíria, Mato Grosso do Sul. We collected 114 frogs in a year of collections, with a total of 72 days in open traps and 48 hours of active search. Of the 114 hosts 89 were parasitized (78% prevalence) and were collected in 1730 helminths belonging to 21 species. Nematoda was the most diverse group (12 species), followed by Trematoda (9 species) and Acanthocephala (1espécie). This study contributed to the increase in registration for new hosts parasite species, 22 new records, and were also reported three new species of helminths in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul
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Queiroz, Murilo de Souza. "Helminto fauna de anfíbios da família Leptodactylidae em três fisionomias de Cerrado /." Botucatu, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/132670.
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Orientador: Luciano Alves dos SantosBanca: Karla Magalhães Campeão
Banca: Igor Paiva Ramos
Resumo: Os parasitas representam importante papel na manutenção da diversidade local de hospedeiros e das funções ecossistêmicas, porém são os primeiros organismos a desaparecer por causa das ações antrópicas sobre o ambiente natural. O conhecimento sobre a diversidade biológica existente no planeta é ainda consideravelmente escasso e inventariar a fauna de uma determinada porção de um ecossistema é o primeiro passo para a conservação, a recuperação, e o uso racional do meio ambiente. Inventários faunísticos, descrições de espécies e revisões de helmintofaunas são necessários, pois enriquecem a compreensão do parasitismo nos grupos de vertebrados e constituem uma base para os próximos estudos. Para o estado do Mato Grosso do Sul os estudos sobre a helmintofauna estão restritos a região do pantanal assim os objetivos desse estudo são descrever a fauna de helmintos associados à anuros da família Leptodactylidae, estimar os parâmetros de infecção parasitários: prevalência, intensidade de infecção e riqueza de parasitas em três fisionomias de Cerrado no município de Selvíria, estado do Mato Grosso do Sul. Foram coletados 114 anuros em um ano de coletas, com um total de 72 dias de armadilhas abertas e 48 horas de busca ativa. Dos 114 hospedeiros 89 estavam parasitados (78% de prevalência) e foram coletados 1730 helmintos pertencentes a 21 espécies. Nematoda foi o grupo mais diverso (12 espécies), seguido por Trematoda (9 espécies) e Acanthocephala (1espécie). Este estudo contribuiu para o aumento de registro de novos hospedeiros para espécies de parasitas, 22 novos registros, e também foram reportadas 3 novas espécies de helmintos no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul
Abstract: The parasites are an important role in maintaining local diversity of hosts and ecosystem functions, but they are the first organisms to disappear because of human activities on the natural environment. Knowledge of the biological diversity on the planet is still pretty scarce and inventory the fauna of a particular portion of an ecosystem is the first step for the conservation, recovery, and the rational use of the environment. Wildlife inventories, descriptions of species and helmintofaunas revisions are necessary because enrich the understanding of parasitism in vertebrate groups and form a basis for future studies. For the Mato Grosso do Sul state studies on helminth parasites are restricted to wetland region so the objectives of this study are to describe the helminth fauna associated with frogs in the Leptodactylidae family, estimate the parasitic infection parameters: prevalence, intensity of infection and wealth of parasites in three Cerrado physiognomies in Selvíria, Mato Grosso do Sul. We collected 114 frogs in a year of collections, with a total of 72 days in open traps and 48 hours of active search. Of the 114 hosts 89 were parasitized (78% prevalence) and were collected in 1730 helminths belonging to 21 species. Nematoda was the most diverse group (12 species), followed by Trematoda (9 species) and Acanthocephala (1espécie). This study contributed to the increase in registration for new hosts parasite species, 22 new records, and were also reported three new species of helminths in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul
Mestre
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Ngo, Xuan Nam, Quoc Huy Nguyen, Nguyen Hang Nguyen, Thi Diep Pham, Trong Hoang Mai, Ngoc Ca Lai, Thi Hai Yen Dinh, Van Vinh Nguyen, Duc Giang Le, and Quang Huy Nguyen. "Preliminary data on the aquatic invertebrate fauna of the Ma River, Thanh Hoa province." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-190713.
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A field survey for the invertebrate fauna conducted in the Ma River, Thanh Hoa province in 2013. The research applied multivariable analysis performed by the Primer v.6 software, such as CLUSTER, one-way ANOSIM, BEST and DIVERSE. The results showed a list of 138 aquatic invertebrate species. Of these, most were freshwater wide-distributing species coupled with others characterized for brackish and marine waters. The biodiversity status was quite high compared to several other rivers in the North of Vietnam. The list contained many economic-valued species and 2 of these were listed in the Red Data Book of Vietnam. The aquatic invertebrates showed a significant relation to the two different combinations of physiochemical factors for zooplanktons and zoobenthos, respectively. The values of the species number, abundance and Shannon-Weiner index for both of zooplanktons and zoobenthos showed a curved trend from the upper river segments to lower river segments. These figures for zooplanktons peaked in the middle river segments, whereas the numbers for zoobenthos achieved the highest numbers in the estuaries. The species composition of the estuaries differentiated significantly from that of other freshwater habitatsNăm 2013 đã tiến hành một đợt điều tra khu hệ động vật không xương sống sông Mã, tỉnh Thanh Hóa. Nghiên cứu sử các phân tích đa biến thông qua phần mền Primer v.6, bao gồm: CLUSTER, one-way ANOSIM, BEST và DIVERSE. Kết quả phân tích thu được 138 loài với thành phần loài chủ yếu là những loài nước ngọt thường gặp và phân bố rộng, ngoài ra còn có các loài đặc trưng cho nước lợ và mặn. Trong số các loài thu được, nhiều loài có giá trị kinh tế và 2 loài có tên trong Sách Đỏ Việt Nam. Khu hệ động vật không xương sống sông Mã có quan hệ chặt với hai nhóm chỉ số thủy lý hóa học khác nhau, tương ứng cho động vật nổi và động vật đáy. Giá trị các chỉ số sinh học gồm số lượng loài, mật độ và Shannon-Weiner hồi quy theo đường cong phi tuyến từ thượng lưu tới hạ lưu; đạt giá trị cao nhất tại cửa sông đối với động vật đáy và vùng trung lưu với động vật nổi. Thành phần loài cửa sông khác biệt rõ rệt với thành phần loài các sinh cảnh nước ngọt khác
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Morsoleto, Felipe Misael da Silva. "Biodiversity of cold-water coral reefs in the Gulf of Cadiz (NE Atlantic)." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/4341.
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Mestrado em Biologia MarinhaEste trabalho foi realizado em vários locais das margens Espanhola e Marroquina no Golfo de Cádis (NE Atlântico), ao longo de uma faixa batimétrica entre os 300 e os 900m caracterizada pela ocorrência extensiva de crostas carbonatadas e recifes de corais pétreos em declínio. Os objectivos principais desse trabalho são: i) compilar informação sobre a biodiversidade da megafauna e do impacto humano na área de estudo através da análise de imagens digitais obtidas durante os mergulhos com o submersível de operação remota e ii) caracterizar, em termos de abundância e biomassa, a composição e a estrutura das comunidades de macroinvertebrados bentónicos associados aos habitats de crostas carbonatadas e recifes de corais através do estudo de amostras de sedimento colhidas com um “boxcore” circular. Verificou-se que a megafauna associada aos habitats estudados mostra uma grande variedade de organismos sésseis, principalmente esponjas e antozoários, e vágeis, nomeadamente decápodes, cefalópodes e peixes. Foi compilado um atlas com imagens representativas da biodiversidade da megafauna. As imagens recolhidas permitiram ainda verificar a ocorrência de vários tipos de impacto antropogénico nestes habitas profundos, incluindo artes de pesca perdidas, detritos diversos (artefactos de vidro, plástico, metal e têxteis) e efeitos da pesca de arrasto. Foram ainda identificados 145 taxa de macroinvertebrados bentónicos nas nove amostras de sedimento recolhidas em diversos locais. A comunidade bentónica estudada é constituída maioritariamente por espécies de artrópodes, anelídeos e cnidários, tendo-se verificado uma grande heterogeneidade na composição e estrutura das amostras recolhidas. Em termos de abundância as comunidades são geralmente dominadas por várias espécies de crustáceos enquanto que os cnidários e os equinodermes dominam claramente a biomassa. As amostras estudadas apresentam geralmente uma diversidade (H’: 2.0-3.3) e equitabilidade (J’: 0.740-0.974) elevadas e uma dominância baixa (espécie mais abundante com valores de 10-40% do total). Os valores do índice de Hurlbert (ES(50): 11-33) reflectem a elevada biodiversidade dos habitats estudados. Este estudo é um contributo para o conhecimento da biodiversidade associada aos recifes de coral de profundidade, habitats de reconhecido valor ecológico e económico que se encontram cada vez mais expostos ao efeito de impactos antropogénicos.
This work was carried out in different locations within the bathymetric range of 300-900m in the Spanish and Moroccan margins of the Gulf of Cadiz (NE Atlantic). This area is characterised by the occurrence of extensive carbonate provinces and mostly dead cold-water coral reefs. The main objectives were: i) to obtain information on the megafaunal biodiversity and human impact in the study area using digital images obtained during ROV (remote operated vehicle) dives, and ii) to characterise, in terms of abundance and biomass, the composition and structure of the benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages associated to the carbonate crust and coral reef habitats using sediment samples collected with a circular boxcore. The megafauna associated to the studied habitats showed a high variety of sessile organisms, mainly sponges and anthozoans, and swimming organisms (e.g. decapods, cephalopods and fish). Some representative images were compiled in a biodiversity atlas. The images showed that these deep habitats are suffering from the impact of anthropogenic activities. Some examples are the lost fishing gear, different types of litter (glass, plastic, metal and textile) and also trawl marks on the seabed. From the nine sediment samples that were collected, a total of 145 macroinvertebrate taxa were identified. The benthic assemblages were highly heterogeneous in composition and structure and were represented mainly by arthropods, annelids and cnidarians. The crustaceans usually dominate the assemblages in terms of number of species and individuals but the cnidarian, sponges and echinoderms clearly dominate the biomass. The macroinvertebrate samples show high diversity (H’: 2.0-3.3) and evenness (J’: 0.740-0.974) and low dominance (dominant species representing 10-40% of the total abundance). The Hurlbert’s expected species numbers (ES(50): 11-33) reflect the high biodiversity of the studied habitats. The high ecologic and economic importance of cold-water coral reefs is presently highly valued by the society. This study documented some aspects of the biodiversity and man’s impact on cold-water corals in the Gulf of Cadiz, therefore contributing to the better knowledge of these deep-sea habitats.
HERMIONE
projecto nº 226354
ENV.2008.2.2.1.2 Deep-sea Ecosystems
Books on the topic "Fauna and Biodiversity"
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Bangladesh. Department of Forest and Arannayk Foundation (Dhaka Bangladesh), eds. Biodiversity of Chunati Wildlife Sanctuary: Fauna. Dhaka: Arannayk Foundation, 2014.
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2
Egborge, Austin B. M. Biodiversity of aquatic fauna of Nigeria. Abuja [Nigeria]: Natural Resources Conservation Council, 1993.
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3
Anléu, Luis M. Villar. La fauna silvestre de Guatemala. Guatemala: Editorial Universitaria, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, 2007.
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4
Bolivia. Ministerio de Desarrollo Sostenible, ed. Fauna amenazada de Bolivia: Animales sin futuro? La Paz: Ministerio de Desarrollo Sostenible, 2003.
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5
Burmester, Cristiano. Conhecendo o mar do Brasil: Fauna e flora submarina. São Paulo, SP: Editora Senac São Paulo, 2009.
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Prasad, K. N. An introduction to the mammalian fauna of the Siwalik system: Biodiversity of the Siwalik fauna. Chennai: Prasad Publication, 2001.
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7
Lavilla, E., G. Scrocchi, and J. A. González. Relevamiento de la biodiversidad de la Reserva Nacional de Flora y Fauna Tariquía (Tarija, Bolivia). Tucumán, Argentina: Fundación Miguel Lillo, 1999.
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Italy) Giornata dell'ambiente (16th 1998 Rome. XVI Giornata dell'ambiente: Convegno flora e fauna a rischio in Italia, Roma, 5 giugno 1998. Roma: Accademia nazionale dei Lincei, 2000.
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Victoria. Office of the Auditor-General. Administration of the Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988. Melbourne]: Victorian Government Printer, 2009.
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Ellwanger, Götz, Carl Beierkuhnlein, Anke Jentsch, Björn Reineking, and Helmut Schlumprecht. Auswirkungen des Klimawandels auf Fauna, Flora und Lebensräume sowie Anpassungsstrategien des Naturschutzes: Ergebnisse des gleichnamigen F+E-Vorhabens (FKZ 3508 85 0600). Bonn-Bad Godesberg: Bundesamt für Naturschutz, 2014.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Fauna and Biodiversity"
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Bretzel, Francesca, Francesca Vannucchi, Stefano Benvenuti, and Heather Rumble. "Biodiversity of Flora and Fauna." In Urban Agriculture, 235–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57720-3_14.
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González, Grizelle, Maria Fernanda Barberena-Arias, Wei Huang, and Claudia M. Ospina-Sánchez. "Sampling Methods for Soil and Litter Fauna." In Measuring Arthropod Biodiversity, 495–522. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53226-0_19.
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Bănărescu, Petru M. "Distribution Pattern of the Aquatic Fauna of the Balkan Peninsula." In Balkan Biodiversity, 203–17. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2854-0_12.
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Hussein, Abdel Khalek M. "Biodiversity of Soil Fauna in Different Ecosystems in Egypt with Particular References to Insect Predators." In Biodiversity, 59–62. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9242-0_6.
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Sket, Boris, Kaloust Paragamian, and Peter Trontelj. "A Census of the Obligate Subterranean Fauna of the Balkan Peninsula." In Balkan Biodiversity, 309–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2854-0_18.
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Nautiyal, Sunil, Katari Bhaskar, and Y. D. Imran Khan. "Methodology for Biodiversity (Flora and Fauna) Study." In Biodiversity of Semiarid Landscape, 13–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15464-0_2.
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Bhat, Bilal A., Riyaz Ahmad, Mustahson F. Fazili, Iqram Ul Haq, and G. A. Bhat. "Threatened Fauna of Jammu and Kashmir State." In Topics in Biodiversity and Conservation, 997–1009. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9174-4_38.
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Bhadury, Punyasloke, Kapuli Gani Mohamed Thameemul Ansari, Areen Sen, and Vandana Kumari Gupta. "Biodiversity of Benthic Fauna in Chilika Lagoon." In Ecology, Conservation, and Restoration of Chilika Lagoon, India, 365–97. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33424-6_14.
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Galkin, Sergey V., and Anatoly M. Sagalevich. "Endemism and Biodiversity of Hydrothermal Vent Fauna." In Extreme Biomimetics, 97–118. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45340-8_4.
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Dar, Mudasir Ahmad, Shahid Ali Akbar, Aijaz Ahmad Wachkoo, and Mushtaq Ahmad Ganai. "Moth (Lepidoptera) Fauna of Jammu and Kashmir State." In Topics in Biodiversity and Conservation, 821–46. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9174-4_31.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Fauna and Biodiversity"
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Sergeev, А. V. "BIODIVERSITY OF THE PLEISTOCENE FAUNA OF UDMURTIA." In PALEONTOLOGY, STRATIGRAPHY AND PALEOGEOGRAPHY OF THE MESOZOIC AND CENOZOIC IN BOREAL REGIONS. Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics (SB RAS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18303/b978-5-4262-0104-0-383.
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Adrović, Avdul, Isat Skenderović, Jasna Salihović, and Štefica Stjepić. "BIODIVERZITET FAUNE RIBA RIJEKE GOSTELJE I AKUMULACIJE MODRAC / BIODIVERSITY OF FISH FAUNA OF THE GOSTELJA RIVER AND RESERVOIRE MODRAC." In Međunarodni naučni skup „Struktura i dinamika ekosistema Dinarida – stanje, mogućnosti i perspektive“ / International Conference „Structure and Dynamics of Ecosystems Dinarides – Status, Possibilities and Prospects“. Akademija nauka i umjetnosti Bosne i Hercegovine /Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5644/proc.eco-03.21.
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Bulimaga, Constantin, Victoria Nistreanu, Corina Certan, Olesea Gliga, and Alina Larion. "Diversitatea vegetala si animala a ecosistemului urban Orhei." In Impactul antropic asupra calitatii mediului. Institute of Ecology and Geography, Republic of Moldova, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53380/9789975330800.02.
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Lately, the problem of biodiversity conservation is becoming more and more acute due to increase of anthropogenic impact. With the evolution of anthropogenic ecosystems, it also increases the vulnerability of species and biodiversity in general, as a result affecting ecological balance and environmental quality. The purpose of the researches was to evaluate the flora and fauna diversity in the Orhei urban ecosystem. The study was conducted during 2017 in 10 urban stations. Floral researches enumerate the presence of 146 species of magnoliophyte plants, grouped in 127 genera from 45 families. The most numerous were the species of the families: Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Rosaceae and Poaceae. The most frequents species are the eurybionte with wide ecological amplitude, some of which are included in the invasive species category. Vertebrates researches have revealed the fact, that the mammal fauna includes 29 species with a higher effective in the green areas of the urban ecosystem. The birds population of the ecosystem enumerate 58 species, prevail those from order Passeriformes.
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Suyanto, Agus. "Flora fauna characteristic of Winong Lake in Gunungkidul, Indonesia." In TOWARDS THE SUSTAINABLE USE OF BIODIVERSITY IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT: FROM BASIC TO APPLIED RESEARCH: Proceeding of the 4th International Conference on Biological Science. Author(s), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4953476.
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Bertsch, H. "Biodiversity and natural history of the opisthobranch Fauna at Bahia de los Angeles, Baja California, Mexico." In Oceans 2003. Celebrating the Past ... Teaming Toward the Future (IEEE Cat. No.03CH37492). IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/oceans.2003.178191.
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Awang, Muhammad Taufik, Maryati Mohamed, Lili Tokiman, and Amirrudin Ahmad. "Estimating the species richness of anuran fauna at Taman Negara Johor Endau Rompin using non-parametric estimators." In INVENTING PROSPEROUS FUTURE THROUGH BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH AND TROPICAL BIODIVERSITY MANAGEMENT: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Biological Science. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5050139.
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Torres Guzmán, Cristóbal, Antonio García-Bravo, Lleydy Alvarado Chuquizuta, Manuel Oliva, Iván Alexander Mejía Castillo, Alexander Cotrina Sánchez, and Fernando Angulo. "Rediscovering the Richness and Endemism of the Tetrapod Fauna within the Utcubamba River Key Area for Biodiversity, in Northwestern Peru." In The 2nd International Electronic Conference on Diversity (IECD 2022)—New Insights into the Biodiversity of Plants, Animals and Microbes. Basel Switzerland: MDPI, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/iecd2022-12435.
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GUNAWAN, HENDRA. "Keanekaragaman fauna Taman Kehati Mekarsari, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat." In Seminar Nasional Masyarakat Biodiversitas Indonesia. Masyarakat Biodiversitas Indonesia, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/psnmbi/m010812.
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Shamsuzzaman, Muhammad. "Challenges of spatial planning in coastal regions of Bangladesh. A case for Chalna." In 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/mkmg5699.
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The delta land Bangladesh has a unique coastline where numerous rivers meet the Bay of Bengal, creates a complex net of tidal river estuaries, forming the base for world’s largest mangrove forest the Sundarbans. Chalna is small town located at the confluence of Rupsha and Chunkuri rivers, only 9 km north of the Sundarbans, and a well know river port. The Sundarbans, which acts as a buffer between the sea and the human habitats including arable lands. The forest is rich in unique biodiversity and natural resources providing livelihoods of a large number of people living in the towns and villages around it. As the region is near the sea and land morphology is plain and of low altitude it is always vulnerable to natural disasters. Due to global warming and sea level rising the land mass is vulnerable to flooding. The sign of climate change; erratic behavior of rainfall and draught, intrusion of salinity etc., are changing the usual pattern of agriculture and fishing, affecting the livelihoods of the people here. The eco system of this mangrove forest is also threatened by recent policies of the Government and initiatives of private sectors of establishing high risk industrial establishments like thermal power plant, liquid petroleum gas stations etc., around Chalna and its surrounding region in sprawling manner. The potential of running large number of vessels through the rivers and canals of the Sundarbans might have negative impacts of the flora and fauna living there. Popular protests against these harmful interventions are being observed, international public organizations and concerned learned societies are also recommending not let these damaging developments going on. Although there are some promises from the government to the international agencies, there is no sign of management of such developments. This paper systematically investigates the reasons of this phenomenon, identifies the challenges and concludes that; absence of regional spatial planning in Bangladesh, neglecting the values of environment and public goods, defying the regulations in various ways and not accounting public opinions in the decision making process are the core ones.
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PRIBADI, TEGUH. "Kelompok fauna rayap pada areal pertanaman kelapa sawit di Katingan, Kalimantan Tengah." In Seminar Nasional Masyarakat Biodiversitas Indonesia. Masyarakat Biodiversitas Indonesia, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.13057/psnmbi/m010330.
Full textReports on the topic "Fauna and Biodiversity"
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Süling, Jörg. Cruise No. AL528. GEOMAR, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/cr_al528.
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“Praktikum auf See” is a cruise planned for master students of the biological oceanography at GEOMAR-Kiel. The main purpose of the expedition is to engage students in the real ocean science and exposing them to the “research-life on the sea”. We are going to sample for different fauna and flora of the central and easterly Baltic to be able to track biodiversity changes along the salinity gradient. This year’s cruise is combined with the sampling for the Horizon 2020 Project “GoJelly” in which samples for ecological studies of gelatinous zooplankton will be taken (www.gojelly.eu).
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Cook, Rosamonde R., Curtis H. Flather, and Kenneth R. Wilson. Faunal characteristics of the Southern Rocky Mountains of New Mexico: implications for biodiversity analysis and assessment. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-gtr-58.
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