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Academic literature on the topic 'Fault properties'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Fault properties"

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Patan, Krzysztof, and Józef Korbicz. "Nonlinear model predictive control of a boiler unit: A fault tolerant control study." International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 22, no. 1 (March 1, 2012): 225–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10006-012-0017-6.

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Nonlinear model predictive control of a boiler unit: A fault tolerant control studyThis paper deals with a nonlinear model predictive control designed for a boiler unit. The predictive controller is realized by means of a recurrent neural network which acts as a one-step ahead predictor. Then, based on the neural predictor, the control law is derived solving an optimization problem. Fault tolerant properties of the proposed control system are also investigated. A set of eight faulty scenarios is prepared to verify the quality of the fault tolerant control. Based of different faulty situations, a fault compensation problem is also investigated. As the automatic control system can hide faults from being observed, the control system is equipped with a fault detection block. The fault detection module designed using the one-step ahead predictor and constant thresholds informs the user about any abnormal behaviour of the system even in the cases when faults are quickly and reliably compensated by the predictive controller.
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Karaata, Mehmet Hakan, Ali Hamdan, Maha H. Faisal, and Feda A. AlShawan. "Fault Detection for Message Passing Systems." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 27, no. 05 (February 6, 2018): 1850070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126618500706.

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Many crucial dependable and secure services including atomic commitment, consensus and group membership, and middleware services (such as replica, communication and transaction services) use fault detectors. Through the use of fault detectors, the overlying service can be exempted from failure treatment and synchronization requirements. Fault detection is essential for proving that the services carried out are correct. In this paper, we first identify the necessary conditions to detect faults in a message passing system where multiple disjoint paths exist between each pair of endpoints. We then present the first fault detection protocol capable of detecting message meta-data modification in the presence of various message interferences in addition to other faults including omission faults, message replay and spurious messages using disjoint paths, where paths with faults are not known a priori. In addition, it authenticates message origins allowing Sybil attacks to be detected, identifies faulty paths, and classifies faults in the presence of multiple messages sent by various system processes. We establish the completeness and soundness properties of the proposed algorithm, i.e., it detects each considered fault and each detected fault is an actual fault, respectively. We also show that our algorithm does not yield a significant packet size and delay overheads. The algorithm shows the viability of the use of disjoint paths in fault detection.
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Ray, Sohom, and Robert C. Viesca. "Homogenization of fault frictional properties." Geophysical Journal International 219, no. 2 (July 17, 2019): 1203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggz327.

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SUMMARY The frictional properties of large faults are expected to vary in space. However, fault models often assume that properties are homogeneous, or nearly so. We investigate the conditions under which the details of variations may be neglected and properties homogenized. We do so by examining the behaviour of nonlinear solutions for unstably accelerating fault slip under frictional heterogeneity. We consider a rate- and state-dependent fault friction in which the characteristic wavelength for the property variations is a problem parameter. We find that homogenization is permissible only when that wavelength shows scale separation from an elasto-frictional length scale. However, fault models also often include property transitions that occur over distances comparable to the elasto-frictional length. We show that under such comparable variations, the dynamics of earthquake-nucleating instabilities is controlled by the properties’ spatial distribution.
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Amin, Arslan Ahmed, and Khalid Mahmood-ul-Hasan. "Hybrid fault tolerant control for air–fuel ratio control of internal combustion gasoline engine using Kalman filters with advanced redundancy." Measurement and Control 52, no. 5-6 (April 17, 2019): 473–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0020294019842593.

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In this paper, a hybrid fault tolerant control system is proposed for air–fuel ratio control of internal combustion gasoline engines based on Kalman filters and triple modular redundancy. Hybrid fault tolerant control system possesses properties of both active fault tolerant control system and passive fault tolerant control system. As part of active fault tolerant control system, fault detection and isolation unit is designed using Kalman filters to provide estimated values of the sensors to the engine controller in case of faults in the sensors. As part of passive fault tolerant control system, a dedicated proportional–integral feedback controller is incorporated to maintain air–fuel ratio by adjusting the throttle actuator in the fuel supply line in faulty and noisy conditions for robustness to faults and sensors’ noise. Redundancy is proposed in the sensors and actuators as a simultaneous failure of more than one sensor, and failure of the single actuator will cause the engine shutdown. Advanced redundancy protocol triple modular redundancy is proposed for the sensors and dual redundancy is proposed for actuators. Simulation results in the MATLAB Simulink environment show that the proposed system remains stable during faults in the sensors and actuators. It also maintains air–fuel ratio without any degradation in the faulty conditions and is robust to noise. Finally, the probabilistic reliability analysis of the proposed model is carried out. The study shows that the proposed hybrid fault tolerant control system with redundant components presents a novel and highly reliable solution for the air–fuel ratio control in internal combustion engines to prevent engine shutdown and production loss for greater profits.
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Hudson, John A., and Enru Liu. "Effective elastic properties of heavily faulted structures." GEOPHYSICS 64, no. 2 (March 1999): 479–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444553.

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Recent results have shown how to construct the smoothed transmission properties of a plane fault from the parameters of its microstructure in two particular cases. In the first, the fault is modelled as a plane distribution of approximately circular cracks while elsewhere the faces of the fault are held together by the ambient pressure and friction. In the second, the model consists of a plane distribution of approximately circular stuck regions within an area where the faces are separated as for a crack. The averaging method for a sequence of such slip planes enables the construction of overall properties of a material weakened by a series of parallel faults. With the first model, where the distribution of cracks is sparse, this approach leads to exactly the same expressions to first order in the number density as for dilute volume distributions of cracks. The higher‐order terms do not agree since they refer to crack‐crack interactions and in the Schoenberg‐Douma averaging process only the overall interactions between faults are allowed for, not individual interactions between cracks on different faults. Application of this procedure to the second model, in which the fracture density is high, gives for the first time an exact first‐order formula for the overall properties of heavily cracked material, the cracks being aligned and confined to the fault planes. These expressions are first order in the (small) parameter, denoting the proportion of each slip plane that is welded. The unwelded part may be free (any cracks) or filled with an incompressible inviscid fluid. An alternative approach in either case is to replace each fault or slip plane by an equivalent thin layer of material whose properties are related, at least in part, to the structure of the fault. The corresponding process of averaging over the layers is, in this case, the original Backus method. Comparison between the properties of the equivalent layers for dilute cracks and for extended cracking leads to an extension of the slip relations on a single heavily cracked fault to cases where the cracks contain secondary material with arbitrary elastic properties. Finally, results for a stack of parallel, heavily cracked faults is identical, to first order in the number density of the contact regions on the faults, to those for a cubical packing of spheres. This further reveals the insensitivity of first‐order results to many of the details of the microstructure.
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Bossard, Antoine, and Keiichi Kaneko. "Cluster-Fault Tolerant Routing in a Torus." Sensors 20, no. 11 (June 9, 2020): 3286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20113286.

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The number of Internet-connected devices grows very rapidly, with even fears of running out of available IP addresses. It is clear that the number of sensors follows this trend, thus inducing large sensor networks. It is insightful to make the comparison with the huge number of processors of modern supercomputers. In such large networks, the problem of node faults necessarily arises, with faults often happening in clusters. The tolerance to faults, and especially cluster faults, is thus critical. Furthermore, thanks to its advantageous topological properties, the torus interconnection network has been adopted by the major supercomputer manufacturers of the recent years, thus proving its applicability. Acknowledging and embracing these two technological and industrial aspects, we propose in this paper a node-to-node routing algorithm in an n -dimensional k -ary torus that is tolerant to faults. Not only is this algorithm tolerant to faulty nodes, it also tolerates faulty node clusters. The described algorithm selects a fault-free path of length at most n ( 2 k + ⌊ k / 2 ⌋ − 2 ) with an O ( n 2 k 2 | F | ) worst-case time complexity with F the set of faulty nodes induced by the faulty clusters.
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Kang, Xuejiao, David F. Gleich, Ahmed Sameh, and Ananth Grama. "Adaptive Erasure Coded Fault Tolerant Linear System Solver." ACM Transactions on Parallel Computing 8, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3490557.

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As parallel and distributed systems scale, fault tolerance is an increasingly important problem—particularly on systems with limited I/O capacity and bandwidth. Erasure coded computations address this problem by augmenting a given problem instance with redundant data and then solving the augmented problem in a fault oblivious manner in a faulty parallel environment. In the event of faults, a computationally inexpensive procedure is used to compute the true solution from a potentially fault-prone solution. These techniques are significantly more efficient than conventional solutions to the fault tolerance problem. In this article, we show how we can minimize, to optimality, the overhead associated with our problem augmentation techniques for linear system solvers. Specifically, we present a technique that adaptively augments the problem only when faults are detected. At any point in execution, we only solve a system whose size is identical to the original input system. This has several advantages in terms of maintaining the size and conditioning of the system, as well as in only adding the minimal amount of computation needed to tolerate observed faults. We present, in detail, the augmentation process, the parallel formulation, and evaluation of performance of our technique. Specifically, we show that the proposed adaptive fault tolerance mechanism has minimal overhead in terms of FLOP counts with respect to the original solver executing in a non-faulty environment, has good convergence properties, and yields excellent parallel performance. We also demonstrate that our approach significantly outperforms an optimized application-level checkpointing scheme that only checkpoints needed data structures.
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Kuo, Che-Nan. "Every edge lies on cycles embedding in folded hypercubes with both vertex and edge faults." Discrete Mathematics, Algorithms and Applications 08, no. 01 (February 26, 2016): 1650001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793830916500014.

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The folded hypercube is a well-known variation of hypercube structure and can be constructed from a hypercube by adding an edge to every pair of vertices with complementary addresses. Let [Formula: see text] (respectively, [Formula: see text]) denote the set of faulty vertices (respectively, faulty edges) in an [Formula: see text]-dimensional folded hypercube [Formula: see text]. In the case that all edges in [Formula: see text] are fault-free, Cheng et al. [Cycles embedding on folded hypercubes with faulty vertices, Discrete Appl. Math. 161 (2013) 2894–2900] has shown that (1) every fault-free edge of [Formula: see text] lies on a fault-free cycle of every even length from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text]; and (2) every fault-free edge of [Formula: see text] lies on a fault-free cycle of every odd length from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is even. In this paper, we extend Cheng’s result to obtain two further properties, which consider both vertex and edge faults, as follows: (1) Every fault-free edge of [Formula: see text] lies on a fault-free cycle of every even length from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text]; (2) Every fault-free edge of [Formula: see text] lies on a fault-free cycle of every odd length from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] if [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is even.
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Wu, Jianing, and Shaoze Yan. "Fault Severity Evaluation and Improvement Design for Mechanical Systems Using the Fault Injection Technique and Gini Concordance Measure." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/416048.

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A new fault injection and Gini concordance based method has been developed for fault severity analysis for multibody mechanical systems concerning their dynamic properties. The fault tree analysis (FTA) is employed to roughly identify the faults needed to be considered. According to constitution of the mechanical system, the dynamic properties can be achieved by solving the equations that include many types of faults which are injected by using the fault injection technique. Then, the Gini concordance is used to measure the correspondence between the performance with faults and under normal operation thereby providing useful hints of severity ranking in subsystems for reliability design. One numerical example and a series of experiments are provided to illustrate the application of the new method. The results indicate that the proposed method can accurately model the faults and receive the correct information of fault severity. Some strategies are also proposed for reliability improvement of the spacecraft solar array.
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Zhu, Qixin, Kaihong Lu, and Yonghong Zhu. "H∞ Guaranteed Cost Fault-Tolerant Control of Double-Fault Networked Control Systems: Piecewise Delay Method." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2019 (January 3, 2019): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6348727.

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The term double-fault networked control system means that sensor faults and actuator faults may occur simultaneously in networked control systems. The issues of modelling and an H∞ guaranteed cost fault-tolerant control in a piecewise delay method for double-fault networked control systems are investigated. The time-varying properties of sensor faults and actuator faults are modelled as two time-varying and bounded parameters. Based on the linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach, an H∞ guaranteed cost fault-tolerant controller in a piecewise delay method is proposed to guarantee the reliability and stability for the double-fault networked control systems. Simulations are included to demonstrate the theoretical results of the proposed method.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fault properties"

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Kelly, Christina. "Understanding seismic properties of fault zones." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2014. http://livrepository.liverpool.ac.uk/17861/.

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Fault zone properties at depth are often inferred from seismic properties such as seismic velocities and attenuation. An understanding of how fault zone properties and processes influence seismic measurements is required for successful interpretations to be made. As fault zones are heavily fractured and often fluid-rich areas, a knowledge of the influences of cracking and fluid content on seismic measurements is needed. This will allow better interpretation of fault zone properties and how they may change at the time of an earthquake. Research presented in this thesis is concentrated on two regions of strike-slip faulting: the Parkfield area of the San Andreas fault and the exhumed Carboneras fault zone region of SE Spain. Well-preserved exhumed faults allow observation of fault structure at seismogenic depths. The structure of the exhumed Carboneras fault has previously been suggested as an analogue for the Parkfield area at depth. Laboratory measurements can help us to determine what processes occur at seismogenic depths in active faults. They can also aid in interpretation of seismic studies. In this thesis laboratory and seismic studies are brought together in order to gain a greater understanding of fault zone seismic properties at depth and how to interpret them. In order to characterise the properties of the Carboneras fault, laboratory experiments of velocities through fault gouge and fault zone rocks are performed. The influences of fracture damage and local geological fabric on velocities are investigated. Gouge velocities are measured to be less than those of the mica schist rock through which the fault cuts. Velocity changes due to variations in crack damage in cyclic loading experiments are less than 5% of the original rock velocity. Strong velocity anisotropy is observed in the mica schist, with velocities of the order of 30% less when measured perpendicular to the strong foliation present in the rock. The consequences in terms of seismically imaging the fault zone are discussed. The effects of this strong velocity anisotropy need to be considered for specific source-receiver geometries and the local geological fabric in the locations of seismic experiments. Surface wave tomography and ambient noise analysis of the Carboneras fault zone region shows that faults are imaged as low velocity features at depth. Results suggest that velocities are reduced by approximately 10% at depths close to 3 km. The strong anisotropy observed in laboratory experiments of mica schist may also have implications for seismic imaging of this region as this rock crops out widely. This is discussed in terms of a potentially strong crustal component to shear-wave splitting observations in the region. In the second part of the thesis, temporal changes in seismic attenuation at the time of the 2004 M6.0 Parkfield earthquake are investigated. Seismic attenuation can give indications of fracture damage and healing. Spectral ratios between earthquakes within repeating clusters are calculated. A sharp increase in attenuation is observed immediately after the earthquake, which then decays over the next 2 years. The postseismic decay is fit by a logarithmic function. The timescale of the decay is found to be similar to that in GPS data and ambient seismic noise velocities following the 2004 M6.0 Parkfield earthquake. The amplitude of the attenuation change corresponds to a decrease of approximately 10% in QP at the time of the earthquake. The greatest changes are recorded to the northeast of the fault trace, consistent with preferential damage in the extensional quadrant behind a north-westerly propagating rupture tip. Our analysis suggests that significant changes in seismic attenuation and hence fracture dilatancy during co-seismic rupture are limited to depths of less than about 5 km.
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Mitchell, Thomas Matthew. "The fluid flow properties of fault damage zones." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.485852.

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Quantification of the fluid flow properties of the Earth's crust is an essential precursor to the understanding of a wide range of geological processes, including earthquake generation and crustal strength, and the recovery of natural resources. Faults playa key role in the migration of fluids around the ;Earth's crust, and therefore the fluid flow properties of fractured rocks and how these properties evolve with time are of major importance. This thesis aims to improve our understanding of the hydraulic transport properties of large fault zones by presenting a large dataset of detailed field and microstructural observations and results from a suite of laboratory experiments to provide a basis for studying the distribution, and fluid flow properties, of damage surrounding large natural fault zones. Damage surrounding the core of faults is represented by both microfracturing of the rock matrix and by macroscopic fracture networks. Microfracture and macrofracture densities and orientations have been analysed on strike slip faults with displacements ranging over 3 orders of magnitude (~O.l2 m - 5000 m). These faults cut crystalline rock within the excellently exposed Atacama Fault Zone, Northern Chile. All faults consist of a fault core and associated damage zone. Damage zone width as defined by macrofractures and microfractures scale with displacement and fault length. Both microfractures (specifically fluid inclusion planes) and macrofractures within the damage zone show a log-linear .decrease in fracture density with perpendicular distance from the fault core. An empirical equation for microfracture density distribution based on the evolution of displacement has been derived for these faults. Preferred microfracture orientations in the damage zone suggest that this damage may predominantly be due to early processes related to enhanced stress at fault tips, in addition to cumulative wear processes from the juxtaposition of geometrical irregularities on the fault plane and damage from dynamic rupture. Fault core widths scale with displacement, with the largest displacement fault showing a wide multiple core zone. Detailed experimental studies of the development of permeability of crustal rock during deformation are essential in helping to understand fault mechanics and constrain larger scale models that predict bulk fluid flow within the crust. The strength, permeability and pore fluid volume evolution of initially intact crystalline rock under increasing differential load leading to macroscopic failure has been determined at water pore pressures of 50 MPa and varying effective pressures from 10 to 50 MPa. Permeability is seen to increase by, up to, and over two orders of magnitude prior to macroscopic failure, with the greatest increase seen at lowest effective pressures. Post-failure permeability is shown to be over three orders of magnitude higher than initial intact permeabilities and approaches the lower the limit of measurements of in situ bulk crustal permeabilities. Increasing amplitude cyclic loading tests show permeabilitystress hysteresis with high permeabilities maintained as differential stress is reduced and the greatest permeability increases are seen between 90-99% of the failure stress. Under hydrothermal conditions without further loading, it is suggested that much of this permeability can be recovered by healing and sealing, and pre-macroscopic failure fracture damage may heal relatively faster than post-failure macroscopic fractures. Pre-failure permeabilities are nearly seven to nine orders of magnitude lower than that predicted by some high pressure diffusive models suggesting that microfracture matrix flow cannot dominate, and agrees with inferences that bulk fluid flow and dilatancy must be dominated by larger scale structures, such as macrofractures. It is suggested that the permeability of a highly stressed fault tip process zone in low-permeability crystalline rocks could increase by more than 2 orders of magnitude, while stress drops related to fracture propagation close damage zone cracks, and some permeability is maintained due to hysteresis from permanent microfracture damage. Future work should aim to quantify experimentally-induced microfractures and. associated permeability measurements, and by relating the fracture densities surrounding natural fault zones with densities seen in experimental deformed samples with known permeabilities, modelling techniques can then be applied to gain estimates of bulk fluid flow of the fracture networks. This will provide a basis for predicting the influence of pore fluid pressures on important geological issues, such as crustal strength.
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Childs, Conrad James. "The structure and hydraulic properties of fault zones." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367208.

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Heermance, Richard V. "Geometry and Physical Properties of the Chelungpu Fault, Taiwan, and Their Effect on Fault Rupture." DigitalCommons@USU, 2002. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6720.

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Rupture of the Chelungpu fault during the September 21, 1999, 7.6 Mwearthquake in Taiwan caused a 90-Jr,m-long surface rupture with variable displacement along strike. Analysis of core from two holes drilled through the fault zone, combined with geologic mapping and detailed investigation from three outcrops, define the fault geometry and physical properties of the Chelungpu fault in its northern and southern regions. In the northern region, the fault dips 45-60° east parallel to bedding and consists of a narrow (1-20 cm) core of dark-gray, sheared clay gouge at the base of a 30-50 m zone of increased fracture density that is confined asymmetrically to the hanging wall. Microstructural analysis of the fault gouge indicates the presence of extremely narrow clay zones (50-300 μm thick) that are interpreted as the fault rupture surfaces. Few shear indicators are observed outside of the fault gouge, which implies that slip was localized in the gouge in the northern region. Slip localization along a bed-parallel surface resulted in less high-frequency ground motion and larger displacements during the earthquake than in the southern region. Observations from the southern region indicate that the fault dips 20-30° at the surface and consists of a wide (20- 70 m-thick) zone of sheared, foliated shale with numerous gouge zones. A footwall-ramp geometry juxtaposes 2000-3000 m of flat-lying Quaternary Toukoshan Formation in the footwall with Pliocene and Miocene, east-dipping siltstone and muds tone in the hanging wall. The wide, diffuse fault zone contributed to the lower displacement and higher frequency ground motion in the southern region during the 1999 earthquake. The structure in the northern region is the result of the fault being a very young (<50 >ka) fault segment in the hanging wall of an older segment of the Chelungpu fault, buried in the Taichung basin. The fault in the southern region is located on an older (~1 Ma) fault trace. The contrasting fault properties in the different regions are responsible for the variability in strong-motion and displacement observed during the 1999 earthquake.
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Pandey, Amit Nath. "Fault detection of multivariable system using its directional properties." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3354.

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A novel algorithm for making the combination of outputs in the output zero direction of the plant always equal to zero was formulated. Using this algorithm and the result of MacFarlane and Karcanias, a fault detection scheme was proposed which utilizes the directional property of the multivariable linear system. The fault detection scheme is applicable to linear multivariable systems. Results were obtained for both continuous and discrete linear multivariable systems. A quadruple tank system was used to illustrate the results. The results were further verified by the steady state analysis of the plant.
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Al-Busafi, Bader. "Incorporation of fault rock properties into production simulation models." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2005. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/190/.

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This thesis has two aims. First, to investigate the importance of incorporating the multiphase flow properties of faults into production simulation models. Second, to investigate methodologies to incorporate the multiphase flow properties of faults into production simulation models. Tests using simple simulation models suggest that in some situations it is not particularly important to take into account the multiphase flow properties of faults, whereas in other situations the multiphase properties have proved very important. The differences depend on drive mechanism, well position, and the capillary pressure distribution along the fault as well on the parameters that need to be modelled (e. g. bottom-hole pressures, hydrocarbon production rates, water cuts, etc. ). The results show that it is possible for hydrocarbons to flow across a sealing fault (i. e. 100% water saturation) as a result of its threshold pressure being overcome. The relative permeability of fault rocks may be one of the largest unknowns in simulating fluid in structurally complex petroleum reservoirs. Microstructural and petrophysical measurements are conducted on faults from core within the Pierce Field, North Sea. The results are used to calculate transmissibility multipliers (TMs) required to take into account the effect of faults on fluid flow within the Pierce production simulation model. The fault multiphase flow behaviour is approximated by varying the TMs as a function of height above the free water level. This methodology results in an improved history match of production data. Further, the improved model is then used to plan the optimal time to conduct a follow-up 3D seismic survey to identify unswept compartments. Further, an alternative model was proposed to overcome some of the possible limitations that the previous TM treatments may have at certain stages of a reservoir life. The similar behaviour of the different proposed fault models for the Pierce Field indicate that the current faulting system in this model is not largely responsible for the history mismatch in water production. Multiphase flow properties of faults can be incorporated into production simulation models using dynamic pseudofunctions. In this thesis, different dynamic pseudofunctions are generated by conducting high-resolution fluid flow models at the scale of the reservoir simulation grid block, using flow rates similar to those that are likely to be encountered within petroleum reservoirs. In these high-resolution models, both the fault and reservoir rock are given their own capillary pressure and relative permeability curves. The results of the simulations are used to create pseudocurves that are then incorporated into the up-scaled production simulation model to account for the presence of both the fault and undeformed reservoir. Different flow regimes are used to compare the performance of each pseudoisation method with the conventional, single-phase TM fault representations. The results presented in this thesis show that it is more important to incorporate fault multiphase properties in capillary dominated flow regimes than in those that are viscosity dominated. It should, however, be emphasised that the Brooks-Corey relations used to estimate relative permeability and capillary pressure curves of the fault rock in this study have a significant influence on some of these conclusions. In other words, these conclusions may not be valid if the relative permeability curves of fault rocks are very different to those calculated using the aforementioned relationships. Finally, an integrated workflow is outlined showing how dynamic pseudofunctions can be generated in fault juxtaposition models by taking advantage of the dynamic flux preservation feature in Eclipse 10OTM simulator.
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Shar, Abdul Majeed. "Petrophysical properties of fault rock : implications for petroleum production." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10434/.

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Faults can have significant impact on reservoir productivity. Understanding the factors that controls the fluid flow properties of fault rocks provides a sound basis to assess the impact of faults on reservoirs productivity. Therefore, different aspects that affect the fluid flow within siliciclastic fault formations were investigated in this research project. Fault rock samples from a number of locations were analysed including: (i) core samples from central and southern North Sea fields; (ii) and outcrop samples from the 90 Fathom fault, Northumberland, UK and Miri airport road exposure, Malaysia as well as the Hopeman fault from Invernesshire, UK. The impact of faults on fluid flow was assessed by integrating the data from QXRD analysis, microstructural examination, X-ray tomography, mercury porosimetry for pore size distribution, absolute and relative permeability measurements as well as capillary pressure tests. Single phase and multiphase flow properties which were conducted at a range of stresses are the most comprehensive collection of high quality fault rock data. The permeability measurements made using gas gave higher values than with brine, which in turn gave higher values that when measured using distilled water permeability. The differences in permeability could be the results of clay particles swelling; mobilisation and retaining within the confined pore throats, although these effects depend on the rock mineralogy and pore fluid composition. Moreover, the permeability stress sensitivity was investigated. The results showed that at low confining stresses the permeability of the fault rock core samples showed high sensitivity to stress, whereas at higher confining stresses the permeability was less pronounced to stress. This might be due to the core damage effects and the microfractures formed due to stress release, which were observed from SEM images. The pore radius calculated from gas slippage parameters at low confining pressures was in the same order of magnitude as the micro fracture width. The micro cracks could be easily closed due to stress increase hence resulted in reduction of permeability. Overall, the stress sensitivity of fault rocks from outcrop is less than that from core. This is consistent with the idea that stress sensitivity is mainly the result of the presence of grain boundary microfractures formed as core is brought to the surface. This indicates that permeability measurements made on outcrop samples may be more reliable. Another key finding was that the published permeability data (e.g. Fisher and Knipe, 2001) compared with present study data which is obtained at in-situ stress using formation compatible brines showed that the published data may not be inaccurate as the use of distilled water gives lower permeability than brines and low stresses resulted in higher permeability than in-situ stress measurements. Therefore, the results indicate that two different laboratory practices used in previous studies partially cancel each other out so that the existing data is yet valuable. The effective gas permeability were also measured at a range of stresses and it was observed that the samples with lower absolute permeabilities were more stress sensitive to stress than high permeable samples. The relative permeability results obtained were incorporated into a specific example of synthetic reservoir model. These suggested that faults formed within low permeability sands might act as a barrier to fluid flow.
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Park, Intaik. "Fault properties and their uses in testing digital integrated circuits /." May be available electronically:, 2009. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.

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Curtis, Daniel J. "Analysis of the Hite Fault Group, Southeast Utah: Insights into Fluid Flow Properties in a Reservoir Analog." DigitalCommons@USU, 2017. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6538.

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In the subsurface faults can act as both barriers and conduits for fluids or gases such as CO2, hydrocarbons, or water. It is often thought that faults in porous rocks such as sandstone are barriers to fluid flow. In this study we show that this is not always the case. In sandstones like the Cedar Mesa Sandstone it is very important to understand the relationships between this history of fault slip and fluid flow. Better understanding of how fluids migrate through faults and the damaged areas surrounding these faults has strong significance to the oil and gas industry. In this study we examine a group of faults and their surrounding damage zones near Hite, Utah. We analyze three of these small-scale faults in more detail. In doing so we give insights into how these faults and their damage zones can effect fluid migration as well as the porosity and permeability in the Cedar Mesa Sandstone. Whole rock geochemistry, X-ray diffraction mineralogy, permeability data, petrography, ultraviolet photography, and outcrop observations were used to gain insights into cross-cutting relationships, past fluid compositions, and fault characteristics. From the data that was collected from these faults we have begun to describe a series of structural and fluid flow events. This series allows us to say that small-scale faults and fractures are features by which fluids can migrate preferentially. In this series of events we isolate two separate phases of movement. The first phase of movement being has a component of shear in which the edges of the fractures are not moving directly apart. This event is accompanied by a fluid flow event the emplaced iron oxide in the fractures and the surrounding formation. The second event is a phase when the faults become reactivated by a stress that created open mode fractures. This second is accompanied by a fluid flow event that has high calcium content and emplaces calcite in the fractures. Throughout this study we give evidence to support this series of movement and fluid events.
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Haines, Thomas J. "The evolution of petrophysical properties across carbonate hosted normal fault zones." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2014. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=225315.

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Books on the topic "Fault properties"

1

Evans, R. W. Test report: Fault current through graphite filament reinforced plastic. MSFC, Ala: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Marshall Space Flight Center, 1997.

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Morgan, Vincent T. Thermal behaviour of electrical conductors: Steady, dynamic, and fault-current ratings. Taunton, Somerset, England: Research Studies Press, 1991.

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Minor, Scott A. Regional survey of structural properties and cementation patterns of fault zones in the northern part of the Albuquerque basin, New Mexico--implications for ground-water flow. Reston, Va: U.S. Geological Survey, 2006.

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Barton, Christopher Cramer. Physical and hydrologic-flow properties of fractures: Las Vegas, Nevada, Zion Canyon, Utah, Grand Canyon, Arizona, Yucca Mountain, Nevada, July 20-24, 1989. Washington, D.C: American Geophysical Union, 1989.

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Conference on Heat and Detachment in Crustal Extension on Continents and Planets (1985 Sedona, Ariz.). Papers presented to the Conference on Heat & Detachment in Crustal Extension on Continents and Planets, Sedona, Arizona, October 10-12, 1985. Houston, Tex: Universities Research Association, Lunar and Planetary Institute, 1985.

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Conference, on Heat and Detachment in Crustal Extension on Continents and Planets (1985 Sedona Ariz ). Papers presented to the Conference on Heat & Detachment in Crustal Extension on Continents and Planets, Sedona, Arizona, October 10-12, 1985. Houston, Tex: Universities Research Association, Lunar and Planetary Institute, 1985.

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Mitchell, Thomas M., Marion Y. Thomas, and Harsha S. Bhat. Fault Zone Dynamic Processes: Evolution of Fault Properties During Seismic Rupture. American Geophysical Union, 2017.

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Mitchell, Thomas M., Marion Y. Thomas, and Harsha S. Bhat. Fault Zone Dynamic Processes: Evolution of Fault Properties During Seismic Rupture. American Geophysical Union, 2017.

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Mitchell, Thomas M., Marion Y. Thomas, and Harsha S. Bhat. Fault Zone Dynamic Processes: Evolution of Fault Properties During Seismic Rupture. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2017.

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Mitchell, Thomas M., Marion Y. Thomas, and Harsha S. Bhat. Fault Zone Dynamic Processes: Evolution of Fault Properties During Seismic Rupture. Wiley & Sons, Limited, John, 2017.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fault properties"

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Potiron, Katia, Amal El Fallah Seghrouchni, and Patrick Taillibert. "Multi-Agent System Properties." In From Fault Classification to Fault Tolerance for Multi-Agent Systems, 5–10. London: Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5046-6_2.

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Manzocchi, T., C. Childs, and J. J. Walsh. "Faults and Fault Properties in Hydrocarbon Flow Models." In Frontiers in Geofluids, 94–113. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444394900.ch8.

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Kilgore, Brian D., Art McGarr, Nicholas M. Beeler, and David A. Lockner. "Earthquake Source Properties From Instrumented Laboratory Stick-Slip." In Fault Zone Dynamic Processes, 151–69. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119156895.ch8.

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Schulthess, T. C., P. E. A. Turchi, A. Gonis, and T. G. Nieh. "Stacking Fault Energies in Al-Based Alloys." In Properties of Complex Inorganic Solids, 383–88. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5943-6_47.

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Yamashita, Teruo, and Akito Tsutsumi. "Fluid-Flow Properties of Fault Zones." In Involvement of Fluids in Earthquake Ruptures, 51–71. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-56562-8_3.

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Wada, K., and N. Inoue. "Point Defects and Stacking Fault Growth in Silicon." In Defects and Properties of Semiconductors, 169–84. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4766-5_11.

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Yépez-Pérez, Luis, Rogelio Bustamante-Bello, Ricardo A. Ramírez-Mendoza, and Jorge de J. Lozoya-Santos. "Fault Tolerance Methodology for Micro-volume Deposit System." In Properties and Characterization of Modern Materials, 333–44. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-1602-8_28.

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Srimani, Pradip K. "Generalized fault tolerance properties of star graphs." In Advances in Computing and Information — ICCI '91, 509–19. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-54029-6_200.

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Cérin, Christophe, Camille Coti, and Michel Koskas. "Fault Tolerance Logical Network Properties of Irregular Graphs." In Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing, 377–91. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-33078-0_27.

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Blech, Jan Olaf. "Probabilistic Compositional Reasoning for Guaranteeing Fault Tolerance Properties." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 222–34. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25873-2_16.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fault properties"

1

Amann, A. "Sealing Properties of Tight Rocks – Experimental Challenges." In Fifth International Conference on Fault and Top Seals. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201902306.

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Hellebrand, Sybille. "Analyzing and quantifying fault tolerance properties." In 2013 14th Latin American Test Workshop - LATW. IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/latw.2013.6562662.

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Kettermann, M., V. Schuller, and A. Zamolyi. "An Approach Towards Linking Fault Seal Analysis and Fault Rock Friction Properties." In Sixth International Conference on Fault and Top Seals. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.202243035.

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Fukunaga, Kajihara, and Takeoka. "On estimation of fault efficiency for path delay faults." In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials (Cat No 03CH37417) ATS-03. IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ats.2003.1250784.

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Paez, A., H. Lewis, G. D. Couples, and J. Ma. "Geomechanically-derived Fault Zone Petrophysical Properties – A Synthetic Fault Model Study." In 2nd EAGE International Conference on Fault and Top Seals - From Pore to Basin Scale 2009. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.20147223.

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Vanorio, T., J. MacFarlane, and A. Clark. "Laboratory Investigations of the Properties of Volcanic Ash Seals." In Fifth International Conference on Fault and Top Seals. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201902310.

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Buchler, Matthias. "Security Testing with Fault-Models and Properties." In 2013 IEEE Sixth International Conference on Software Testing, Verification and Validation (ICST). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icst.2013.74.

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Gawkowski and Sosnowski. "Assessing software implemented fault detection and fault tolerance mechanisms." In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Properties and Applications of Dielectric Materials (Cat No 03CH37417) ATS-03. IEEE, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ats.2003.1250857.

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Wilson, P., S. Smith, D. Povey, S. Harris, and R. Davies. "Understanding the Dynamic Impact of Fault Models Using Fault Properties and Simple Streamline Simulations." In Fifth International Conference on Fault and Top Seals. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201902282.

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Zhao, Qing, and Michel Kinnaert. "Statistical properties of CUSUM based fault detection schemes for fault tolerant control." In 2009 Joint 48th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) and 28th Chinese Control Conference (CCC). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2009.5400825.

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Reports on the topic "Fault properties"

1

Shroba, R. R., D. R. Muhs, and J. N. Rosholt. Physical properties and radiometric age estimates of surficial and fracture-fill deposits along a portion of the Carpetbag fault system, Nevada Test Site, Nye County, Nevada. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6970125.

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Hurlow, Hugh A., Paul C. Inkenbrandt, and Trevor H. Schlossnagle. Hydrogeology, Groundwater Chemistry, and Water Budget of Juab Valley, Eastern Juab County, Utah. Utah Geological Survey, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/ss-170.

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Juab Valley is a north-south-trending basin in the eastern Basin and Range Province. Juab Valley is bounded on the east by the Wasatch normal fault and the Wasatch Range and San Pitch Mountains, bounded on the west by Long Ridge and the West Hills. Juab Valley is at the southern end of Utah’s Wasatch Front, an area of projected rapid population growth and increased groundwater use. East-west-trending surface-water, groundwater, and water-rights boundaries approximately coincide along the valley’s geographic midline at Levan Ridge, an east-west trending watershed divide that separates the north and south parts of Juab Valley. The basin includes, from north to south, the towns of Mona, Nephi, and Levan, which support local agricultural and light-industrial businesses. Groundwater use is essential to Juab Valley’s economy. The Juab Valley study area consists of surficial unconsolidated basin-fill deposits at lower elevations and various bedrock units surrounding and underlying the basin-fill deposits. Quaternary-Tertiary basin-fill deposits form Juab Valley’s primary aquifer. Tertiary volcanic rocks underlie some of the basinfill deposits and form the central part of Long Ridge on the northwest side of the valley. Paleozoic carbonate rocks that crop out in the Mount Nebo area of the Wasatch Range, which receives the greatest average annual precipitation in the study area, likely accommodate infiltration of snowmelt and subsurface groundwater flow to the basin-fill aquifer. The Jurassic Arapien Formation also crops out in the Wasatch Range and San Pitch Mountains, and dissolution of gypsum and halite in the formation and sediments derived from it increases the sulfate, sodium, and total-dissolved-solids concentrations of surface water and groundwater. We grouped the stratigraphy of the Juab Valley study area into 19 hydrostratigraphic units based on known and interpreted hydraulic properties.
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