Academic literature on the topic 'Fatty acids; Diet'

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Journal articles on the topic "Fatty acids; Diet"

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Zelenka, J., D. Schneiderova, E. Mrkvicova, and P. Dolezal. "The effect of dietary linseed oils with different fatty acid pattern on the content of fatty acids in chicken meat." Veterinární Medicína 53, No. 2 (February 19, 2008): 77–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/1985-vetmed.

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Effects of 1, 3, 5 or 7% of linseed oil in the diet on the content of fatty acids in breast and thigh meat were studied in broiler chickens. Oils made either of seeds of the linseed cultivar Atalante (A) with a high content of &alpha;-linolenic acid or of the cultivar Lola (L) with a predominating content of linoleic acid were fed from 25 to 40 days of age. When feeding A, the contents of all n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), including eicosatrienoic acid, were significantly higher, those of n-6 PUFA were lower, and the ratio of n-6/n-3 PUFA was narrower (<I>P</I> < 0.001) than when L was fed. The narrowest n-6 to n-3 PUFA ratio was observed at the content 36 g of &alpha;-linolenic acid (58 g A) per kg of the diet while the widest one at 2 g of &alpha;-linolenic acid (70 g L) per kg of the diet. When using L, the increasing level of linoleic acid in feed was associated with significantly increasing levels of all n-6 PUFA in meat. The content of all n-3 PUFA increased after the application of oil A, but the dependence for eicosapentaenoic acid in thigh meat was expressed significantly more precisely by the second degree parabola with the maximum at the level of 37 mg of &alpha;-linolenic acid and for clupanodonic and docosahexaenoic acids by parabolas with maxima at the level of &alpha;-linolenic acid in the diet 41 g and 30 g for breast meat and 35 g and 27 g for thigh meat, respectively. By means of the inclusion of linseed oil with a high content of &alpha;-linolenic acid in the feed mixture it would be possible to produce poultry meat with a high content of n-3 PUFA as a functional food.
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Skřivan, M., M. Marounek, M. Englmaierová, E. Skřivanová, and K. Růnová. "Effect of freeze-dried pasture herbage on ileal digestibility of amino acids and fatty acids in chickens." Czech Journal of Animal Science 63, No. 6 (May 25, 2018): 222–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/114/2017-cjas.

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The ileal digestibility of amino acids and fatty acids in young chickens fed control diet or experimental diets supplemented with freeze-dried pasture herbage at 20 or 40 g/kg was studied. Control diet contained wheat, maize, and soybean meal. Predominant species in the pasture herbage harvested in May were Lolium perenne, Festuca pratensis, and Trifolium pratense. Freeze-dried pasture herbage contained less protein (169 g/kg) and fat (24 g/kg) and more neutral detergent and acid detergent fibre (340 and 210 g/kg) and tannins (12.38 g/kg) than control diet. Concentrations of amino acids, except phenylalanine and threonine, were lower in pasture herbage than in control feed. In both the control feed and freeze-dried pasture herbage, unsaturated fatty acids occurred in higher proportions than saturated fatty acids. In freeze-dried pasture herbage linolenic acid was the main fatty acid. In chickens fed freeze-dried pasture herbage the ileal digestibility of amino acids and fatty acids decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Freeze-dried pasture herbage at 4% in diet had negative effect (P &lt; 0.05) on the digestibility of amino acids and fatty acids in comparison with control diet. But there was no significant effect of 2% freeze-dried pasture herbage in diet on amino acids digestibility. This suggests that pasture herbage contains anti-nutritional factors that inhibit proteolysis and lipolysis. The effect of pasture herbage on digestibility was variable. In chickens fed diets containing 4% freeze-dried pasture herbage, apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids varied from 0.39 (cysteine) to 0.91 (methionine). Variability in the ileal digestibility of fatty acids was less pronounced (from 0.65 to 0.89).
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Bolton-Smith, C., M. Woodward, S. Fenton, M. K. McCluskey, and The Late C. A. Brown. "Trans fatty acids in the Scottish diet." British Journal of Nutrition 74, no. 5 (November 1995): 661–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19950169.

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Trans fatty acids produced during hardening of oils have been associated with higher cholesterol levels and increased risk of heart disease. The potential risk from trans fatty acids may be greater in populations with relatively low intakes of essential fatty acids such as the Scots, who also have a high prevalence of heart disease. Means and ranges of trans fatty acid intakes are reported here for a Scottish population. A semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire was used to survey the diet of 10359 Scottish men and women aged 40–59 years in 1984–6 as part of the baseline Scottish Heart Health Study. Trans fatty acid levels were calculated for each food item on the questionnaire and the total subdivided into that which is derived naturally (primarily by bacterial fermentation in ruminants) and that which is produced during industrial hydrogenation (hardening) of vegetable and fish oils. Means and ranges of intakes of each trans fatty acid variable were calculated by sex, age, smoking and social class groups. Mean total trans fatty acid intakes for men were 7.1 (SD 3·1) g/d, 2·7 (SD 2·9)% energy and for women were 6.4 (SD 2·9) g/d, 3·3 (SD 3·0)% energy. Industrially hydrogenated trans fatty acids made up nearly 58% of the total intake for men and 61% for women, with about 60% coming from cakes, biscuits and sweets, and 20% coming from the cheaper hard margarines. The main sources of the naturally derived trans fatty acids were red meat (27%), milk (20%), butter (18–19%) and cheese (13–16%). Differences between age, smoking and social class groups were apparent. However, apart from the social class differences of up to 1 g/d, these were so small that they are unlikely to be of any biological significance unless compounded by other factors such as marginal essential fatty acid adequacy. The possibility of trans fatty acid intakes up to 48 g/d and 12% total energy (compared with the Department of Health (1991) recommendations of 5 g/d or 2% energy) highlights the need for careful monitoring of the health risks at these high levels of intake.
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Hou, Zhenxin, Cynthia K. Faulk, and Lee A. Fuiman. "Dynamics of diet-egg transfer of fatty acids in the teleost fish, red drum ( Sciaenops ocellatus )." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 375, no. 1804 (June 15, 2020): 20190646. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0646.

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Eggs of marine organisms are increasingly being recognized as important components of marine food webs. The degree to which egg fatty acid profiles reflect maternal diet fatty acid profiles, and therefore the value of fatty acids in eggs as trophic biomarkers, depends on the species' reproductive strategy and the extent of modification of ingested fatty acids. We measured the dynamics of transfer of recently ingested fatty acids to spawned eggs in a batch-spawning teleost, red drum ( Sciaenops ocellatus ). Results of 21 diet-shift experiments, from which the fatty acid profiles of the diets and eggs were compared, showed that 15 of 27 fatty acids measured (one saturated, two monounsaturated and 12 polyunsaturated fatty acids) in eggs were correlated with their levels in the recent diet, and the rate of incorporation into eggs was proportional to the magnitude of the diet shift. Large shifts in diet might occur naturally during spawning migrations or when prey communities vary over time. Results of this study indicate that fatty acids in red drum eggs can be useful for studying adult diet and exploring trophic linkages in marine systems. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The next horizons for lipids as ‘trophic biomarkers': evidence and significance of consumer modification of dietary fatty acids'.
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Sam, Qi Hui, Hua Ling, Wen Shan Yew, Zhaohong Tan, Sharada Ravikumar, Matthew Wook Chang, and Louis Yi Ann Chai. "The Divergent Immunomodulatory Effects of Short Chain Fatty Acids and Medium Chain Fatty Acids." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 12 (June 16, 2021): 6453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22126453.

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Fatty acids are derived from diet and fermentative processes by the intestinal flora. Two to five carbon chain fatty acids, termed short chain fatty acids (SCFA) are increasingly recognized to play a role in intestinal homeostasis. However, the characteristics of slightly longer 6 to 10 carbon, medium chain fatty acids (MCFA), derived primarily from diet, are less understood. Here, we demonstrated that SCFA and MCFA have divergent immunomodulatory propensities. SCFA down-attenuated host pro-inflammatory IL-1β, IL-6, and TNFα response predominantly through the TLR4 pathway, whereas MCFA augmented inflammation through TLR2. Butyric (C4) and decanoic (C10) acid displayed most potent modulatory effects within the SCFA and MCFA, respectively. Reduction in TRAF3, IRF3 and TRAF6 expression were observed with butyric acid. Decanoic acid induced up-regulation of GPR84 and PPARγ and altered HIF-1α/HIF-2α ratio. These variant immune characteristics of the fatty acids which differ by just several carbon atoms may be attributable to their origins, with SCFA being primarily endogenous and playing a physiological role, and MCFA exogenously from the diet.
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Britton, ME, C. Fong, DG Wickens, and JS Yudkin. "Diet and Serum Diene Conjugated Fatty Acids." Clinical Science 79, s23 (October 1, 1990): 10P. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/cs079010pa.

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Khoo, Nicholas KH, and Francisco J. Schopfer. "Nitrated fatty acids: from diet to disease." Current Opinion in Physiology 9 (June 2019): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cophys.2019.04.013.

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FARNWORTH, E. R., and J. K. G. KRAMER. "THE EFFECTS OF CHANGING SOW DIETARY FATTY ACIDS ON FETAL PLASMA FATTY ACID PATTERNS." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 69, no. 3 (September 1, 1989): 813–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjas89-094.

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Sows were fed a control diet or one with added tallow or soybean oil during gestation. Sow and fetal blood plasma fatty acids were determined at 57, 85 and 110 d gestation. The sow plasma fatty acid pattern, particularly 18:2n-6, was influenced by diet, but showed little change during gestation. High levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially 18:2n-6 and 20:4n-6, were found in sow plasma. Fetal blood fatty acids were not directly influenced by maternal diet, but showed changes as gestation progressed. In the fetal plasma, 20:4n-6 was the major long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid, but in addition, high levels of 22:6n-3 were also found. The percent n-6 fatty acids were in higher concentrations than the n-3 fatty acids in both maternal and fetal plasma. Key words: Fetus, blood, fatty acids, swine
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Sánchez-Villegas, A., P. Henríquez, M. Bes-Rastrollo, and J. Doreste. "Mediterranean diet and depression." Public Health Nutrition 9, no. 8A (December 2006): 1104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980007668578.

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AbstractObjectiveThe adherence to a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern ensures an adequate intake of B vitamins and w-3 fatty acids. A protective role on depression has been suggested for both nutrients.DesignCross-sectional analysis from the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) prospective cohort study. Data from 9670 participants (4211 men and 5459 women) were analised. Logistic regression analyses were fitted to assess the association between B-vitamins and w-3 fatty acids intake (quintiles) and the prevalence of depression.ResultsFolate intake was inversely associated with depression prevalence among men, especially smokers. Among women, B12 vitamin intake was inversely associated with depression, especially among smokers and physically active women. No significant associations were observed for w-3 fatty acids intake.ConclusionsThe adherence to a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern ensures an adequate intake of fruits, nuts, vegetables, cereals, legumes or fish, important sources of nutrients linked to depression prevention.
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Woodside, Jayne V., and Daan Kromhout. "Fatty acids and CHD." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 64, no. 4 (November 2005): 554–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pns2005465.

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During the last century much evidence has accumulated to suggest that from a public health perspective the type of fat is more important than the amount of fat. Saturated and trans-fatty acids increase and both n-6 and n-3 PUFA decrease the risk of CHD. Most of the knowledge about the effects of dietary fatty acids on CHD risk is based on observational studies and controlled dietary experiments with intermediate end points (e.g. blood lipoprotein fractions). Information from high-quality randomised controlled trials on fatty acids and CHD is lacking. The Netherlands Institute for Public Health has calculated the potential health gain that can be achieved if the fatty acid composition of the current Dutch diet is replaced by the recommended fatty acid composition. The recommendations of The Netherlands Health Council are: saturated fatty acids <10% energy intake; trans-fatty acids <1% energy intake; fish consumption (an indicator of n-3 PUFA) once or twice weekly. Implementation of this recommendation could reduce the incidence of CHD in The Netherlands by about 25 000/year and the number of CHD-related deaths by about 6000/year and increase life expectancy from age 40 years onwards by 0.5 year. These projections indicate the public health potential of interventions that modify the fatty acid composition of the diet.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fatty acids; Diet"

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Bonner, Shelagh Anne. "Immunomodulatory effects of dietary fatty acids." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.366809.

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Sherrington, Emma J. "Tissue responses to dietary lipids in the rat." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365389.

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Borthakur, Gayatri. "Dietary influences on the N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in blood and vascular lipids." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.286236.

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Donnellan, Christopher Edward. "The effect of dietary fatty acids upon the development of obesity and insulin resistance." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.314138.

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Mora, Katherine. "Diet and Depression: A Secondary Analysis from NHANES 1999-2002." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194112.

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This Ph.D. dissertation presents results that shed light on whether there is an association between dietary intake and depressive disorder, feelings of sadness, or thoughts of death. This question is investigated in the context of a secondary data analysis using cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2002. Subjects in this study were identified as a subpopulation of the NHANES survey that completed the Composite International Diagnostic Interview questionnaire for major depression. The presence of depression may lead to a decline in dietary intake and nutritional status. Conversely, poor dietary intake may have a role in the etiology of depression. Specifically, depression is associated with lower plasma, erythrocyte, phospholipid, and adipose tissue omega-3 fatty acids. Little is known about the comprehensive dietary intake of those with depression or depressive symptoms. Initially, comparisons of the dietary profile between those with and without depression or depressive symptoms were investigated. Secondly, analysis was done to determine the relationship between dietary omega-3 fatty acids and depression or depressive symptoms. Lastly, to clarify the relationship between diet and depression, misreporting of dietary energy intake was evaluated.No significant differences in the dietary profile or nutritional biochemistries were found between the altered mood and normal mood groups. No significant differences were found in dietary omega-3 fatty acids between the depressed and non-depressed groups, even after adjusting for confounding variables. Misreporting of energy intake was not significantly associated with altered mood status and remained non-significant after adjusting for confounding variables. In both groups, a significant decreasing trend in the ratio of energy intake to estimated basal metabolic rate (EI:BMRest) was found as body mass index increased.Based on dietary intake alone, the relationship between depression and specific nutrients may not be apparent. Dietary intake among those with depression and depressive symptoms appears to be adequate, but adequacy may not be sufficient as a route for prevention or management of depression. Further investigation of diet and depression ought to measure diet, including nutrition supplements, and biochemical levels of nutrients from a broader age range of adults and children and those with comorbid illnesses.
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Latham, Peter. "Effects of N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on proliferation and apoptosis of colonic epithelial cells." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.302105.

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Phetteplace, Hope W. "Dietary long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids affect plasma and tissue lipids in chickens." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39900.

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Ly, Lan H. "Immunosuppressive dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids differentially modulate costimulatory regulation of murine CD4+ T-cell function." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/1535.

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Consumption of fish oils (FO) enriched with the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), is beneficial to a variety of inflammatory disorders due, in part, to the alteration of membrane composition of T-lymphocytes and other immune cells. We previously observed that down-regulation of proliferation and cytokine synthesis by CD4+ T-cells in mice fed diets rich in n-3 PUFA was dependent on the involvement of CD28, a co-stimulatory molecule necessary for T-cell activation. Since the co-receptor homologues, CD28 and CTLA-4, have opposing effects on T-cell activation, we hypothesized that the balance of costimulatory and downregulatory properties of CD28 and CTLA-4, respectively, would be altered by diet. A significant increase (p<0.05) in CD28 and CTLA-4 surface expression was observed in CD4+ T-cells post-stimulation with phorbol ester and calcium ionophore (PMA/Iono) or anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 (αCD3/CD28) antibodies in all diet groups. A significant increase (p<0.01; 20%) in the number of CD28 molecules was observed in n-3 PUFA vs. CO-fed mice after 48 h of in vitro CD4+ T-cell activation, and both CTLA-4 mRNA transcript and protein levels were upregulated by 50% at 72 h post-activation (p<0.01). Treatment with anti-CTLA-4 mAb in vivo in Mycobacterium bovis (BCG)-vaccinated mice did not alter the suppressive effects of dietary n-3 PUFA on antigen (PPD)-induced lymphocyte proliferation or delayed hypersensitivity reactions. T-cells from both the C57BL/6 and IL-10mice fed dietary n-3 PUFA after 72 h of in vitro stimulation with αCD3/CD28. CD4T-cells from C57BL/6 mice fed DHA produced significantly less IFNγ and IL-10, while CD4T-cells from IL-10Ligation of CD28 upregulates IL-10 receptor (IL-10R) expression on CD4+ T-cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that dietary n-3 PUFA would suppress T-cell function through the effects of IL-10. Surprisingly, the proliferation of purified splenic CD4+ T-cells activated in vitro with αCD3/CD28 was suppressed by dietary n-3 PUFA in both conventional mice (C57BL/6) and IL-10 gene knockout (IL-10(-/-)) mice. Furthermore, IL-10R cell surface expression was significantly down-regulated on CD4+ T-cells from both the C67BL/6 and IL-10(-/-) mice fed dietary n-3 PUFA produced significantly more IFNγ compared to the CO-fed group.
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Blay, Matthew. "Maturation of auditory parameters in the preterm infant with particular reference to diet." Thesis, Brunel University, 2000. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6513.

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This study was developed from the original protocol which was to examine the role of long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) in the maturation of the auditory system in the preterm infant. The particular dietary components under investigation were arachidonic (AA) and docosahexaneoic( DHA) acids. This study investigates the wider aspects and implications of the preterm birth on the maturation of the preterm auditory system. Testing was performed using Auditory brainstem response (ABR) on preterm infants in Hillingdon Hospital's neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The recruitment criteria was <32 weeks gestational age (GA) or <1500g. A normative data set was produced using term infants (3742 weeks GA). Tympanometric testing was also introduced to assess middle ear (ME) function in both preterm and term infants. The susceptance and conductance components were recorded at frequencies between 226 and 2000Hz. This testing enabled normative data to be established for multi-component, multi-frequency tympanometric analysis. The effect of the preterm birth on tympanometric data was also examined. A total of 22 preterm infants were recruited onto the study. The maturational characteristics of ABR parameters relating to neural transmission and synaptic efficacy were investigated. The peripheral auditory system (PAS) and the lower brainstem region were found to have maturation in their neural transmission properties. The auditory nerve, however, displays constant neural transmission properties throughout the preterm period. Maturation of the synaptic efficacy (using the rate effect) of the PAS was not identified. However, both auditory nerve and lower brainstem regions display reductions in the rate effect. This was greatest in the auditory nerve. The effect of the preterm birth was assessed. The PAS showed lesser conductive properties for the preterm infant during the term period. This behaviour was confirmed by poor tympanometric data for the preterm infants. The auditory nerve showed the same transmission properties for both term and preterm infants. This indicates that the lack of maturation in this region is replicating the characteristics of the term infant developing in utero. The lower brainstem region would seem to be the most susceptible to delayed development in the preterm infant. The rate effect for the PAS and auditory nerve indicate that the extra-uterine environment has not been detrimental to the maturation of synaptic efficacy as measured by the rate effect. The lower brainstem region rate effect is slightly higher for the preterm infants. This may indicate that this region is the most susceptible to possible synaptic deficiency. There is indication of a gender effect for transmission properties in the preterm infant. This suggests superior properties for females in the central auditory system. It is possible that this also occurs on a synaptic level. Dietary analysis suggested that the preterm infants (on this study) fed formula milk enriched with a LCPUFA composition have comparable auditory function (as measured by ABR) with breastfed infants. It is concluded that breastmilk would be the diet of choice due to the additional medical benefits. Tympanometry was found to be well tolerated in both term and preterm neonate populations. Testing in enclosed style incubators in the NICU was successful. Normative characteristics for multi-component tympanornetry at various frequencies was established. The ear canal acoustic and mechanical properties were identified as a source of variability for tympanogram morphology in the neonate populations. The interaction of the neonate external auditory meatus (EAM) violates assumptions relating to numerical data. A lack of maturation was found for preteen data, there was no evolution to the normative term data over the period studied. The more complex nature of the preterm tympanometric data was still observed during the term period. This indicates that there is a difference between the maturational characteristics of the term infant and those for the preterm infant in the clinical environment. The PAS ABR characteristics were compared with tympanometric data collected from the preterm infants. The lack of maturation in the tympanometric data suggests that the major contribution to the ABR maturation during the preterm period is due to the cochlear transduction and basic synaptic delay components. In addition, that poorer ME function (as displayed in the tympanometric data) contributes to the lesser PAS ABR conductive properties in the preterm population by the term period.
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Langevin, Karolanne. "Fatty Acids Profiles of Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) in Lakes of the Outaouais Region with and without Largemouth Bass (Micropterus salmoides) and Smallmouth Bass (Micropterus dolomieu)." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35366.

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Fatty acids (FAs) are used as trophic markers in aquatic food web studies, but few studies have quantified individual variability in FAs profiles over several sites in a range of conditions. I investigated whether FAs profiles of yellow perch (YP), Perca flavescens, vary with body size and between lakes with and without largemouth (Micropterus salmoides), and smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu), the most common and abundant piscivores in lakes of the region. I analyzed the FAs of YP as well as zooplankton, benthic invertebrates, and prey fish collected from eight lakes where bass were either present or absent in the Outaouais region over the summer of 2016. I compared the growth rate of YP between the lakes and the YP in lakes without bass exhibited a slower growth rate. I also compared the FA signatures of YP using redundancy analysis (RDA). 23 FAs could be identified and quantified. FAs profiles were dominated by palmitic- (16:0), oleic- (18:1), stearic- (18:0), and palmitoleic acid (16:1). The RDA analysis based on FAs profiles of YP revealed variation along two main gradients (the presence of bass and the date of capture). The first two eigenvectors accounted for 42.1% of the variation (RDA1=27.6% and 2=14.6%). Arachidonic (20:4) and docosatrienoic (22:3) were the most correlated FAs with RDA1. Due to the sampling period, it was impossible to determine if the observed effects were due to the date of capture, the presence of bass, or a change in metabolism, but the last two were deemed as the most plausible explanations. It was concluded that the utility of FA signatures to quantify diet in natural environments is limited and that FAs might be more successful as markers in primary consumers and other lower trophic levels. It is recommended that a combination of FAs, stable isotopes, and modelling should be used in the future.
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Books on the topic "Fatty acids; Diet"

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1947-, Robinson Jo, ed. The Omega diet: The lifesaving nutritional program based on the diet of the Island of Crete. New York: HarperPerennial, 1999.

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1947-, Robinson Jo, ed. The aphrodite diet: How eating the right fats can change your life. London: Vermilion, 1999.

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The Ultimate Omega-3 Diet. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2007.

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1947-, Robinson Jo, ed. The Omega plan: The medically proven diet that restores your body's essential nutritional balance. New York, NY: Harper Collins Publishers, 1998.

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The Dakota diet: Health secrets from the Great Plains. Laguna Beach, CA: Basic Health Publications, 2007.

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Charles, Bates. Essential fatty acids & immunity in mental health. Tacoma, Wash: Life Sciences Press, 1987.

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Borenstein, Benjamin. Trans fatty acids in the U.S. diet: Consumption and safety : a comprehensive review. Winston-Salem, NC (5215 Mountain View Rd., Winston-Salem, 27104-5117): Stratecon, 1991.

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Allport, Susan. The queen of fats: Why omega-3s were removed from the Western diet and what we can do to replace them. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006.

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Allport, Susan. The queen of fats: Why omega-3s were removed from the Western diet and what we can do to replace them. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 2007.

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Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes. Dietary reference intakes for energy, carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein and amino acids. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fatty acids; Diet"

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Lenihan-Geels, Georgia, and Karen S. Bishop. "Alternative Origins for Omega-3 Fatty Acids in the Diet." In Omega-3 Fatty Acids, 475–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40458-5_34.

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Thijssen, M. A., and R. P. Mensink. "Fatty Acids and Atherosclerotic Risk." In Atherosclerosis: Diet and Drugs, 165–94. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-27661-0_5.

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Kalmijn, Sandra. "Dietary Fatty Acids and Cognitive Function." In Diet - Brain Connection, 31–46. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1067-3_3.

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Simopoulos, A. P. "Evolutionary Aspects of Diet and Essential Fatty Acids." In Fatty Acids and Lipids - New Findings, 18–27. Basel: KARGER, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000059742.

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Brown, Robert Andrew. "Bioactive Oxidised Products of Omega-6 and Omega-3, Excess Oxidative Stress, Oxidised Dietary Intake and Antioxidant Nutrient Deficiencies, in the Context of a Modern Diet." In Omega-3 Fatty Acids, 349–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40458-5_28.

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Brown, Robert Andrew. "The Roles of Linoleic and Alpha-linolenic Acid, Their Oxylipins and the PPAR Alpha-, Delta- and Gamma-Related Peroxisomal Pathways on Obesity in the Context of a “Western” Diet." In Omega-3 Fatty Acids, 429–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40458-5_31.

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Araújo, João R., Elisa Keating, and Fátima Martel. "Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Gestational Diabetes." In Nutrition and Diet in Maternal Diabetes, 451–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56440-1_34.

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Bourre, J. M. "Diet, Brain Lipids, and Brain Functions: Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Mainly Omega-3 Fatty Acids." In Handbook of Neurochemistry and Molecular Neurobiology, 409–41. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-30378-9_17.

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Hansen, H. S. "The fatty acids and the skin: a focus on the n-6 family of unsaturated fatty acids." In Handbook of diet, nutrition and the skin, 44–56. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-729-5_3.

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Heberden, Christine, and Elise Maximin. "Epigenetic Effects of N-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids." In Handbook of Nutrition, Diet, and Epigenetics, 1571–84. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55530-0_45.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fatty acids; Diet"

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Kulikov, Denis, Ruzaliya Ulanova, and Valentina Kolpakova. "COMPREHENSIVE BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPROACH TO PROCESSING OF PEA FLOUR FOR FOOD AND FODDER PURPOSES." In GEOLINKS Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2021/b1/v3/06.

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Investigations were carried out to optimize the growth parameters of the symbiosis of cultures of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae 121 and the fungus Geotrichum candidum 977 on whey waters formed from pea flour as a secondary product in the production of protein concentrates after precipitation of proteins at the isoelectric point. The whey remaining after protein precipitation is bioconverted at optimal parameters of crop growth (pH of the medium, amount of inoculum, temperature) with the formation of microbial plant concentrate (MPC) for feed purposes. Serum cultures assimilated stachyose, glucose, maltose, arabinose, and other pentoses. The mass fraction of protein in the concentrate was 57.90-61.68 % of DS. The composition of MPC obtained from biomass is balanced in essential amino acids with a speed of 107-226 %. The fatty acid composition is represented by 97 % fatty acids and 3 % - esters, aldehydes, ketones with the properties of fragrances, photo stabilizers, odor fixers, preservatives and other compounds. The ratio of the sum of saturated and unsaturated acids is 1:3, the content of cis-isomers is 91.1 %, trans-isomers are 5.1 %, omega-6 fatty acids are 19.73 %. The quality and safety indicators indicated that it is promising for use in the diet of animals.
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Buryakov, Nikolay, Maria Buryakova, and Irina Hardik. "OPTIMIZATION OF CICATRICIAL DIGESTION OF COWS WHEN USING THE "FIBRASE"." In Multifunctional adaptive fodder production. ru: Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33814/mak-2020-24-72-138-144.

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The species composition and number of microflora, the total amount and diet of volatile fatty acids in the rumen content of experimental animals at the beginning of lactation were studied and the feasibility of using the feed additive "FIBRASE" in feeding lactating cows was determined.
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Al-Haidose, Amal. "Effect of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Inflammatory Biomarkers in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0144.

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic progressive inflammatory disease characterised by airflow limitation. Several pro-inflammatory markers are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of COPD. Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for COPD, and diet may be a modifiable risk factor for its progression & management. Dietary supplementation with omega3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) may be effective therapeutically in patient COPD. Aim: To determine the plasma basal level of inflammatory biomarkers in the study population, to determine the inflammatory biomarkers release from Peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMCs), and to investigate the effect of omega-3 PUFAs, on inflammatory biomarkers released from PBMCs. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 42 subjects; patients with COPD, 15 healthy smokers (HS), and 12 healthy groups (HNS). Selected biomarkers level was measured in Plasma and PBMCs by ELISA. Individual lipid profile analysis was carried out on RBCs fraction. Result: Plasma high levels of CRP and Fibrinogen and low level of CC-16 were observed in COPD patients when compared with healthy controls. The basal release of IL6, IL8, TNFα, and CD31 from PBMCs was significantly differing in COPD and HS groups compared to HNS group. Omega-3 PUFA (EPA and DHA) reduce IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α release from PBMCs. The fatty acid composition of the erythrocyte membranes in patients group was unmodified. Discussion: This study showed that high level of several inflammatory biomarkers that were detected systemically in COPD group might associate with the disease systemic inflammation. EPA and DHA possess the ability to reduce the cytokines production from COPD inflammatory immune cells. Additionally, no correlation was observed between fatty acid profile analysis and COPD.
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Simonsen, T., Å. Vårtun, V. Lyngmo, and A. Nordθy. "CORNARY HEART DISEASE, DIET, SERUM LIPIDS, PLATELET FUNCTION AND PLATELET FATTY ACIDS IN TWO POPULATIONS WITH A HIGH AND A LOW INTAKE OF DIETARY FISH." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643806.

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In the coastal areas of Northern Norway the intake of fish is by tradition high whereas in the inland area it is low. We have examined the mortality of CHD in the period 1975-84 in a coastal community (C) and an inland community (I). In addition we have examined 30 healthy male subjects aged 30-year, selected by random in the two communities. The examination included a dietary survey based on registration and weighing of all dietary items for one week, blood pressure, serum lipids, primary bleeding time, platelet aggregation induced by collagen and fatty acid composition of platelet total phospholipids.The age-adjusted mortality of CHD was significantly higher for age groups 30-70 year in C whereas the opposite was found above 70 years of age. The mean intake of fish per day was 134 g (0.9 g eicosapentaenoic acid-EPA) in C and 53 g (0.25 g EPA) in I. Serum triglycerides was higher in C (p<0.05) whereas totalcholesterol was similar. The primary bleeding time was not different in the two areas. Significantly lower concentrations of collagen was needed to induce 30 and 60% aggregation in platelet rich plasma in C than in I. No significant differences in the content of eicosapentaenoicacid (EPA) was observed in platelet total phospholipid fatty acids. This study has not confirmed that a high intake of fish as a singledietary variant, is associated with a low mortality of CHD. The lack of changes in plasma lipids, platelet fatty acid composition between representative groups from the two populationsindicate that other factors mask the possible beneficial effects of a high fish diet. Furthermore, the daily intake of large amounts of lean fish give only a very moderate increase in dietary intake of EPA.
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Zhu, X., AC Otto, H. Gan-Schreier, Y. Cheng, S. Tuma-Kellner, A. Ganzha, G. Liebisch, and W. Chamulitrat. "iPLA2beta Deficiency in mice fed methionine-choline-deficient diet does not protect hepatic steatosis but still attenuates hepatic fatty acids, cholesterol esters, and liver enzymes." In 35. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Arbeitsgemeinschaft zum Studium der Leber. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1677193.

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Schick, Paul K., Barbara P. Schick, and Pat Webster. "THE EFFECT OF OMEGA 3 FATTY ACIDS ON MEGAKARYOCYTE ARACHIDONIC ACID METABOLISM." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1642953.

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Dietary omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids are thought to prevent atherosclerosis. It has been proposed that omega 3 fatty acids modify platelet arachidonic acid (20:4) metabolism and platelet function and thereby reduce the incidence of thrombosis. We have previously shown that megakaryocytes (MK), like platelets, contain large amounts of esterified 20:4. The study addresses the following questions: 1) Do omega 3 fatty acids have a primary action on 20:4 metabolism in MK rather than in platelets. 2) Do omega 3 marine oils, docosahexaenoic acid (22:6) and eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5), have a different effect on megakaryocyte 20:4 metabolism than does alpha linolenic acid (18:3), the major omega-3 fatty acid present in normal diets? 3) How do omega-3 fatty acids modify megakaryocyte 20:4 acid metabolism? MK and platelets were isolated from guinea pigs. Isolated cells were incubated with radiolabeled 20:4 acid and unlabeled 18:3, 20:5 or 22:6. Incubations were terminated by lipid extraction, lipid classes were separated by thin-layer chromatography and the incorporation of radiolabeled 20:4 into lipid species was measured by scintillation spectrometry.MK (106) can incorporate about 4 times more 20:4 than 109 platelets. We have previously shown that 20:4 is incorporated into all endogenous pools of 20:4 in MK while platelets appear to have a limited capacity to incorporate 20:4 into phosphatidyl-ethanolamine (PE). Marine oils, 22:6 and 20:5, had similar effects on the incorporation of radiolabeled 20:4 in MK. Both marine oils reduced the total uptake of 20:4 in megakaryocytes but the reduction occured primarily in PE and phosphatidylserine (PS) rather than in phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylinositol (PI). Both 20:5 and 22:6 caused a 50% reduction in the incorporation of radiolabeled 20:4 into megakaryocyte PE and PS while only a 20% reduction into PC and PI. There was a striking difference in the effect of 18:3. Even though the incubation of megakaryocytes with 18:3 reduced the uptake of 20:4, the distribution of the incorporated 20:4 in phospholipids of megakaryocytes incubated with 18:3 was similar to that in controls. Thus, 18:3 did not have a selective effect on the incorporation of 20:4 into PE or PS. Whereas megakaryocyte 20:4 metabolism was significantly affected by omega-3 fatty acids, the incubation of guinea pig or human platelets with 22:6, 20:5 or 18:3 did not result in any alteration of the incorporation of 20:4 into platelet phospholipids.20:4 may be initially incorporated into megakaryocyte PC and subsequently transfered to PE and other phospholipids. Omega 3 marine oils, 20:5 and 22:6, appear to have a selective action on the incorporation or transfer of 20:4 into PE and PS. One mechanism for these observations would be an effect of marine oils on megakaryocyte acyltransferase and/or transacylases. Omega 3 linolenic acid appears to reduce the uptake of 20:4 but does not affect the transfer of 20:4 into PE and PS since there was no selective inhibition of uptake into PE or other megakaryocyte phospholipids. The observation that marine oils did not have any effect on 20:4 metabolism in platelets indicated that omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids primarily affect megakaryocytes. This phenomenon may result in the production of platelets with abnormal content and compartmentalization of arachidonic acid. The localization of 20:4 in different pools in these platelets could influence the availability of esterified 20:4 for the production of thromboxanes and other eicosanoids. Another implication of the study is that omega 3 fatty acids may have a greater effect on precursor cells than on differentiated cells and tissues and influence cellular maturation.
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Al-Qeraiwi, Maha, Manar Al-Rashid, Nasser Rizk, Abdelrahman El Gamal, and Amena Fadl. "Hepatic Gene Expression Profile of Lipid Metabolism of Obese Mice after treatment with Anti-obesity Drug." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0214.

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Obesity is a global disorder with multifactorial causes. The liver plays a vital role in fat metabolism. Disorder of hepatic fat metabolism is associated with obesity and causes fatty liver. High fat diet intake (HFD) to mice causes the development of dietinduced obesity (DIO). The study aimed to detect the effects of anti-obesity drugs (sulforaphane; SFN and leptin) on hepatic gene expression of fat metabolism in mice that were fed HFD during an early time of DIO. Twenty wild types (WT) CD1 male mice aged ten weeks were fed a high fat diet. The mice were treated with vehicle; Veh (control group), and SFN, then each group is treated with leptin or saline. Four groups of treatment were: control group (vehicle + saline), Group 2 (vehicle + leptin), group 3 (SFN + saline), and group 4 (SFN + leptin). Body weight and food intake were monitored during the treatment period. Following the treatments of leptin 24 hour, fasting blood samples and liver tissue was collected, and Total RNA was extracted then used to assess the gene expression of 84 genes involved in hepatic fat metabolism using RT-PCR profiler array technique. Leptin treatment upregulated fatty acid betaoxidation (Acsbg2, Acsm4) and fatty acyl-CoA biosynthesis (Acot6, Acsl6), and downregulated is fatty acid transport (Slc27a2). SFN upregulated acylCoA hydrolase (Acot3) and long chain fatty acid activation for lipids synthesis and beta oxidation (Acsl1). Leptin + SFN upregulated fatty acid beta oxidation (Acad11, Acam) and acyl-CoA hydrolase (Acot3, Acot7), and downregulated fatty acid elongation (Acot2). As a result, treatment of both SFN and leptin has more profound effects on ameliorating pathways involved in hepatic lipogenesis and TG accumulation and lipid profile of TG and TC than other types of intervention. We conclude that early intervention of obesity pa could ameliorate the metabolic changes of fat metabolism in liver as observed in WT mice on HFD in response to anti-obesity treatment.
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Agouni, Abdelali, Duck Y. Lee, Assaad A. Eid, Yves Gorin, and Kumar Sharma. "The Protective Role of Sestrin2 in High Fat Diet-Induced Nephropathy." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0134.

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Introduction: Obesity is a major risk factor for type-2 diabetes predisposing patients to diabetic nephropathy (DN), the leading cause of end-stage renal failure. Glomerular injury is a prominent pathological feature of DN. Sestrin2 (Sesn2) is a stress-induced protein, but its role in DN has not been investigated. Therefore, we have determined the impact of Sesn2 deletion in a mouse model of obesityinduced nephropathy. Materials and methods: We examined the effects of Sesn2-deficiency in a longterm (22 weeks) mouse model of high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity on glomerular structure. The severity of renal injury and fibrosis in wild type (Sesn2+/+) mice (fed HFD or chow diets) was compared to that in Sesn2-deficient mice (Sesn2-/- ) fed HFD or chow diets. Animal work was carried out under an IACUC-approved protocol. Results: Data showed that Sesn2 ablation exacerbated HFD-induced glomerular fibrotic injury as evidenced by mesangial matrix hypertrophy and accumulation of both fibronectin and collagen IV. Western blot analysis revealed that HFD- or chow-fed Sesn2-/- mice exhibited higher protein expression of key lipogenic enzymes, fatty acid translocase CD36 (an indicator of lipid uptake), fatty acid synthase and ATP citrate lyase. Sesn2-deficiency in obese mice resulted in podocyte loss as indicated by reduced expression of synaptopodin. Glomerular lesions like those observed in HFD-fed wild-type mice were detected in Sesn2-/-mice fed a chow diet, indicating that the basal deletion of Sesn2 is deleterious by itself. Conclusions: We provide the first evidence that Sesn2 is renoprotective in obesity-induced nephropathy by diminishing lipid accumulation and blocking excessive lipid uptake and de novo lipid synthesis. Understanding the protective of Sesn2 should yield novel therapeutic interventions to effectively preserve glomerular function in obesity and diabetes.
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Đorđevic, Nenad, Dušica Radonjic, Goran Grubic, Bojan Stojanovic, Aleksa Božičkovic, and Blagoje Stojkovic. "UTICAJ MASTI OBROKA NA SADRŽAJ ESENCIJALNIH MASNIH KISELINA U MLEČNOJ MASTI PREŽIVARA." In SAVETOVANJE o biotehnologiji sa međunarodnim učešćem. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt26.219dj.

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In this paper is shown an overview of researches on the effect of nutrition with diets and feeds rich in lipids, on the yield and chemical composition of milk, as well as on the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in milk fat at ruminants. The numerous studies have shown that many genetic and nongenetic factors affect on the milk fat and fatty acids content variations, whereas the main factor is animal nutrition. In addition to fresh forage intake (on pasture or in the stable) the second most important way to increase the PUFA content is using some oilseeds in rations. Among the researched species (soybean, sunflower, flax, cotton, peanuts), the best results were obtained with using heat-treated soybean, which also provides a higher content of undegradable protein.
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Fontanilles, Eva, Carlo Vancheri, Marlies Wijsenbeek, Katerina Antoniou, Pilar Rivera, Francesco Bonella, Elisabeth Renzoni, et al. "Monounsaturated Fatty Acid diet associates less gastrointestinal adverse events of pirfenidone: phase IV clinical trial." In ERS International Congress 2020 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2020.3712.

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Reports on the topic "Fatty acids; Diet"

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Kellner, Trey A., Kenneth J. Prusa, and John F. Patience. Prediction of Loin, Belly and Jowl IV Based on Diet Composition Verses Daily Fatty Acid Intake. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-1326.

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A high omega-6 fatty acid diet is unlikely to prevent cardiovascular disease or deaths. National Institute for Health Research, February 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/signal-000736.

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