Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fats modification

Academic literature on the topic 'Fats modification'

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Published: 14 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Fats modification"

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Kurashige, J., N. Matsuzaki, and K. Makabe. "MODIFICATION OF FATS AND OILS BY LIPASES." Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology 10, no. 4-5 (January 1989): 531–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01932698908943187.

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Терещук, Любовь, Lyubovʼ Tereshchuk, Ксения Старовойтова, and Ksenia Starovoytova. "Hghly Effective Methods of Modification of Fats in Milk-Containing Products." Food Processing: Techniques and Technology 48, no. 3 (January 24, 2019): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2018-3-115-123.

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The resources of natural solid fats that used in various branches of the food industry are limited. As a result, they are often substituted by chemically and physically modified fats. Until recently, hydrogenation was the main method of modification of fats. Modification allows for products with a high hardness and sufficient resilience to oxidation due to a large amount of trans-isomers. Since the legislation in the sphere of food industry is changing, producers have to look for new solutions for fat-containing products that would correspond with the new restrictions for trans-isomers of fatty acids. The present paper contains a review of modern methods of modified fats production with a reduced content of trans-isomers of fatty acids. It also features some theoretical and practical aspects of multistage fractionation of tropical oils. The authors describe the characteristic of the products of palm oil fractionation and give some recommendations on how various fractions can be applied in milk-containing products. The research included a comparative analysis of various ways of interesterification applied in world practice of jellied fats production. The experiment included interesterification of mixes of the fractioned solid and liquid vegetable oils that can be used in milk-containing products. A specific ratio of raw ingredients in the initial makes it possible to achieve the required technological properties of the final product, as well as to increase its biological efficiency due to linoleic acid. Plastic fats reduce or completely cut the consumption of hydrogenated fats in milk-containing products while increasing their nutrition value, shelf life, and trans-isomeric indicators.
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Valenzuela, Alfonso, and Susana Nieto. "Biotechnology of lipids: The use of lipases for the structural modification of fats and oils." Grasas y Aceites 45, no. 5 (October 30, 1994): 337–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/gya.1994.v45.i5.1024.

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NISHIMOTO, Tsugio, Tsugio Izumi, and Hayato KUBOTA. "The Modification of Fats and Oils by Bioreactor Process." Journal of Japan Oil Chemists' Society 41, no. 9 (1992): 960–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5650/jos1956.41.960.

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TRIVEDI, Ruby, and R. P. SINGH. "Modification of Oils and Fats to Produce Structured Lipids." Journal of Oleo Science 54, no. 8 (2005): 423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5650/jos.54.423.

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Koritala, S., C. W. Hesseltine, E. H. Pryde, and T. L. Mounts. "Biochemical modification of fats by microorganisms: A preliminary survey." Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society 64, no. 4 (April 1987): 509–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02636384.

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Kowalska, Małgorzata, Paweł Turek, Anna Żbikowska, Monika Babut, and Jerzy Szakiel. "The Quality of Emulsions with New Synthetized Lipids Stabilized by Xanthan Gum." Biomolecules 11, no. 2 (February 3, 2021): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom11020213.

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The study investigated the quality of emulsions containing rabbit fat modified with vegetable oil. The modification of the fat and introducing it as a fatty base into the emulsion was dictated by consumer preferences. Emulsion systems containing various fatty bases and viscosity modifier contents were evaluated in the terms of their stability (by means of Turbiscan test), texture properties, color, and viscosity. Moreover, the emulsions were assessed by a sensory panel in the context of the intensity of the following parameters: color, fragrance, consistency, greasiness, and hydration. The same characteristics were also subject to consumer evaluation. The results of the sensory assessment showed the sensory panel attributed higher scores to consistency and skin hydration to the emulsions formed with modified fats; these systems were more appreciated by consumers as well. The results confirmed a major role of sensory determinations in the development of new emulsion products. They also provide knowledge on modifications to product characteristics that would lead to the best possible quality and consumer acceptance. This research has also reaffirmed that looking for new fats among waste fats is becoming a solution to finding new fatty bases for emulsions. The natural origin of these components, and thus their agreeability with the human body, appear noteworthy as well. Enrichment with unsaturated fatty acids is an added advantage of the enzymatic modification of rabbit fat with pumpkin seed oil and can be applied not only for food but also for skin applications.
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Mukherjee, Kumar D. "Lipase-Catalyzed Reactions for Modification of fats and other Lipids." Biocatalysis 3, no. 4 (January 1990): 277–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10242429008992072.

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Villeneuve, Pierre. "Plant lipases and their applications in oils and fats modification." European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology 105, no. 6 (June 2003): 308–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ejlt.200390061.

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Lambert, Marc S., Kathleen M. Botham, and Peter A. Mayes. "Modification of the fatty acid composition of dietary oils and fats on incorporation into chylomicrons and chylomicron remnants." British Journal of Nutrition 76, no. 3 (September 1996): 435–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn19960048.

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Possible changes in the fatty acid composition of dietary fats and oils which might occur during digestion, absorption and formation of chylomicrons and chylomicron remnants were investigated. Chylomicrons were collected from the thoracic duct of rats tube-fed with olive, maize, palm or fish oil or butter fat, and their fatty acid composition was determined and compared with that of their parent lipids. In turn, these lipoproteins were converted to chylomicron remnants infunctionally hepatectomized rats and their composition re-determined. The predominant fatty acids in each of the oils and fats also predominated in their respective chylomicrons, but their proportions were reduced during the processes leading to their formation. Endogenous contributions of linoleic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids were particularly noted when these fatty acids were not well-represented in the original oils and fats, suggesting that they may be obligatory constituents in the formation of chylomicrons. The conversion of chylomicrons to remnants further attenuated the extremes in fatty acid composition of the dietary oils and fats. These results indicate that following an acute intake of oil or fat, the resulting chylomicrons and chylomicron remnants presented to the tissues contain a more balanced distribution of saturated, mono-and polyunsaturated fatty acids than the oils and fats from which they were derived.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fats modification"

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BARLETTA, LUCA. "Random enzymatic interesterification of Palm Olein for future industrial applications." Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2528299.

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This thesis has been focused on random enzymatic interesterification of Palm Olein, in order to obtain a material equivalent to chemically interesterified one, operating in milder conditions of temperature, and at sustainable price. The research project has been started with the study of state of art of enzymatic interesterification and properties of enzymes; preliminary tests (conducted in laboratory batch reactor) have been allowed the evaluation of the features of random enzymatically interesterified Palm Olein, the study of the kinetics of the reaction and the choice of operating parameters for subsequent tests in continuous laboratory reactor. Last step of the research activity, in order to apply in future the process on industrial scale, was the transfer to bench scale to pilot scale. In order to do this, a design of pilot plant has been realized, scaling up the bench continuous reactor.
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Smith, Leanna Marie. "Fast Corn Grading System Verification and Modification." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/795.

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A fast corn grading system can replace the traditional method in unofficial corn grading locations. The initial design of the system proved that it can classify corn kernels with a high success rate. This study tested the robustness of the system against samples from different locations with different moisture contents. The experimental results were compared with the official grading results for 3 out of the 6 samples. This study also tested the limitations of the segmentation algorithm. The results showed that 60 to 70 kernels in a 100 cm2 could be correctly segmented in a relatively short running time. Classification accuracy would improve with modifications to the system, including increased training samples of damaged kernels, uniform illumination, color calibration, and improved weight approximation of the kernels.
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Rajah, Kanes K. "Fractionation of milk fat." Thesis, University of Reading, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.233844.

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Shi, Chuan. "Protein Modification and Catabolic Fates of Lipid Peroxidation Products." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1481231287497328.

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Campbell, Pearl. "Pou5f1 Post-translational Modifications Modulate Gene Expression and Cell Fate." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23607.

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Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are characterized by their unlimited capacity for self-renewal and the ability to contribute to every lineage of the developing embryo. The promoters of developmentally regulated loci within these cells are marked by coincident epigenetic modifications of gene activation and repression, termed bivalent domains. Trithorax group (TrxG) and Polycomb Group (PcG) proteins respectively place these epigenetic marks on chromatin and extensively colocalize with Oct4 in ESCs. Although it appears that these cells are poised and ready for differentiation, the switch that permits this transition is critically held in check. The derepression of bivalent domains upon knockdown of Oct4 or PcG underscores their respective roles in maintaining the pluripotent state through epigenetic regulation of chromatin structure. The mechanisms that facilitate the recruitment and retention of Oct4, TrxG, and PcG proteins at developmentally regulated loci to maintain the pluripotent state, however, remain unknown. Oct4 may function as either a transcriptional activator or repressor. Prevailing thought holds that both of these activities are required to maintain the pluripotent state through activation of genes implicated in pluripotency and cell-cycle control with concomitant repression of genes required for differentiation and lineage-specific differentiation. More recent evidence however, suggests that the activator function of Oct4 may play a more critical role in maintaining the pluripotent state (Hammachi et al., 2012). The purpose of the studies described in this dissertation was to clarify the underlying mechanisms by which Oct4 functions in transcriptional activation and repression. By so doing, we wished to contextualize its role in pluripotent cells, and to provide insight into how changes in Oct4 function might account for its ability to facilitate cell fate transitions. As a result of our studies we find that Oct4 function is dependent upon post-translational modifications (PTMs). We find through a combination of experimental approaches, including genome-wide microarray analysis, bioinformatics, chromatin immunoprecipitation, functional molecular, and biochemical analyses, that in the pluripotent state Oct4, Akt, and Hmgb2 participate in a regulatory feedback loop. Akt-mediated phosphorylation of Oct4 facilitates interaction with PcG recruiter Hmgb2. Consequently, Hmgb2 functions as a context dependent modulator of Akt and Oct4 function, promoting transcriptional poise at Oct4 bound loci. Sumoylation of Oct4 is then required to maintain Hmgb2 enrichment at repressed loci and to transmit the H3K27me3 mark in daughter progeny. The expression of Oct4 phosphorylation mutants however, leads to Akt inactivation and initiates the DNA Damage Checkpoint response. Our results suggest that this may subsequently facilitate chromatin reorganization and cell fate transitions. In summary, our results suggest that controlled modulation of Oct4, Akt, and Hmgb2 function is required to maintain pluripotency and for the faithful induction of transcriptional programs required for lineage specific differentiation.
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Hudson, Oliver Thomas. "Polymer modification of fast growing woods for improved mechanical response and sustainable architecture." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610241.

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Pugsley, Gustavo de Revorêdo. "O efeito modificativo do fato jurídico sobre a relação jurídica obrigacional." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2131/tde-12042015-180612/.

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A doutrina costuma apontar como efeitos dos fatos jurídicos a criação, a modificação ou a extinção de relações jurídicas. Os textos doutrinários normalmente desenvolvem o estudo dos fatos jurídicos que criam relações jurídicas; o presente trabalho, porém, se dedica aos fatos jurídicos tendentes a modificar relações jurídicas anteriormente criadas, restringindo-se ao campo das obrigações. Primeiramente, deve-se buscar um critério: modificação do direito isolado ou da relação jurídica? Como nas relações jurídicas complexas há diversos direitos e deveres recíprocos, a extinção de um direito pode levar apenas à modificação da relação jurídica integralmente considerada. Se Savigny já entendia que um juízo acerca do direito só pode ser verdadeiro quando fundado na compreensão completa da relação jurídica, hoje há renovadas razões para que se adote um critério relacional: a relação obrigacional tem sido vista como um processo, o que leva a um reforço de sua identidade com a inclusão de um elemento finalístico. As ideias de modificação e identidade estão vinculadas, pois, se a \"modificação\" leva à perda da identidade, a relação jurídica na verdade foi extinta. Quanto ao tema das modificações, a maior parte da doutrina parece tratar apenas da \"transmissão das obrigações\". Outros, ao lado dessas modificações subjetivas, tratam de modificações objetivas, normalmente restringindo-se às efetuadas por negócio jurídico. A classificação de Pontes de Miranda, porém, parece servir de referencial para o presente trabalho: quanto às modificações \"sem quebra da identidade da relação jurídica\", o autor aponta modificações negociais, alterações por dolo e culpa, por força maior e caso fortuito, por impossibilidade de adimplemento e, por fim, por mora do devedor e do credor.
Current legal theory generally considers the effects of legal facts (those resulting from the correlation between facts and norms) on the creation, modification or termination of legal relationships. While most authors addresses how legal facts create these relationships, the present study is devoted to legal facts tending to modify the legal relationship, particularly in the field of the Law of Obligations (duty to perform). At first, a criterion must be determined: modification of the isolated right or modification of the Obligation? In \"complex\" obligational relationships, there are many mutual rights and duties, such that the extinction of a right can result only in the modification of the relationship fully considered. Long ago, Savigny asserted that a reasonable analysis of a right must be based on a thorough understanding of the legal relationship at issue. There are now renewed reasons to adopt these relational criteria when analyzing legal relationships. The obligational relationship may be seen as a process, which leads to the reinforcement of its identity with the inclusion of a finalistic element. The ideas of modification and identity are linked, because if a \"change\" leads to the loss of identity, the legal relationship may, in fact, have been terminated. Most of the authors on the subject of modifications addresses the \"transfer of obligations\". Some other studies, beside these subjective modifications, addresses objective modifications, usually restricted to those made by agreement. The \"Pontes de Miranda\" classification, may serve as a useful reference when analyzing the issue of modifications. The author points to modifications by agreement, changes by dolus and culpa (fault, tort law and breach of contract), by force majeure or unforeseeable circumstances, impossibility of performance, and, ultimately, by the mora debitoris and mora creditoris/accipiendi (default, delay of performance) as modifications \"without breaking the identity of the legal relationship\".
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Christopher, Bridgette A. "The Influence of Myofilament Protein Modification and Myocardial Insulin Resistance on Pathologic Left Ventricular Function." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1296007529.

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Stoilova, Bilyana. "Structural plasticity and post-translational modifications of C/EBP beta direct distinct myeloid cell fates." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/16742.

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Der CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) Transkriptionsfaktor reguliert die Differenzierung, Proliferation und Funktion vieler Zelltypen, einschließlich verschiedener Zellen des Immunsystems. Eine detaillierte molekulare Analyse des Mechanismus, wie C/EBPβ alternative Zellschicksale steuert, wurde jedoch bisher noch nicht unternommen. Es wurde gezeigt, dass die ektopische Expression von C/EBPβ in determinierten B- Vorläuferzellen diese zu inflammatorischen Makrophagen reprogrammieren kann. Wir haben dieses Reprogrammierungsystem verwendet, um die Strukturelemente in C/EBPβ, die für die Regulation der (Trans)Differenzierung durch C/EBPβ wichtig sind, zu untersuchen. Um die maßgeblichen C/EBPβ Proteinmodule für die Reprogrammierung zu bestimmen, wurden entweder C/EBPβ Wildtyp Isoformen oder Mutanten in primären murinen B-Vorläuferzellen ektopisch exprimiert. Die Analysen ergaben, dass die translational regulierten langen Isoformen LAP* and LAP, jedoch nicht die kurze Isoform LIP lymphoide Zellen zu myeloischen Zellen reprogrammieren können. Des weiteren haben wir gezeigt, dass die konservierten Regionen 2, 3 und 4 der C/EBPβ Transaktivierungsdomäne essentiell und ausreichend für die Konvertierung von B Zellen zu myeloischen Zellen sind. Die reprogrammierten myeloischen Zellen setzten sich aus einer heterogenen Population verschiedener myeloischer Zelltypen zusammen. Detaillierte Analysen von CD11b+ reprogrammierten Zellen zeigten, dass diskrete konservierte Regionen von C/EBPβ verschiedene pro- und anti-inflammatorische Gene und divergente Entwicklungsprogramme aktivierten. Des Weiteren führten nicht nur strukturelle C/EBPβ Mutanten sondern auch Puktmutationen an Stellen, die posttranslationalen Modifikationen (PTM) unterliegen, zu verschiedenen Reprogrammierungsergebnissen. Diese Daten zeigen, dass die C/EBPβ abhängige myeloische Diversifikation durch die Integration von strukturellen C/EBPβ Proteinmodulen und deren signalabhängigen PTMs erreicht wird.
The CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta (C/EBPβ) transcription factor regulates differentiation, proliferation, and functionality of many cell types, including various cells of the immune system. A detailed molecular understanding of how C/EBPβ directs alternative cell fates remains largely elusive. Ectopic expression of C/EBPβ has been previously shown to reprogram committed B cell progenitors into inflammatory macrophages. We took advantage of this reprogramming system in order to examine how C/EBPβ regulates (trans)differentiation. To determine which C/EBPβ protein modules are important for reprogramming, C/EBPβ wild type isoforms and mutants were ectopically expressed in primary mouse B cell progenitors. The data showed that the translationally regulated long isoforms LAP* and LAP, but not the N-terminally truncated isoform LIP can reprogram lymphoid cells into myeloid cells. Furthermore, we found that conserved regions 2,3 and 4 in the C/EBPβ protein transactivation domain are necessary and sufficient for B-to-myeloid cell conversion. Interestingly, the reprogrammed myeloid cells were found to represent a heterogeneous mixture of different myeloid cell types. Detailed analyses of the reprogrammed CD11b+ cells revealed that discrete conserved regions in C/EBPβ activated distinct pro- and anti-inflammatory genes and triggered divergent differentiation programs. Moreover, not only structural C/EBPβ mutants, but also post-translational modification (PTM) site mutations led to different reprogramming outcomes. These data suggest that C/EBPβ orchestrates myeloid diversification by integrating PTMs with structural plasticity as signal dependent adaptable modular properties to determine cell fate.
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Guecha, Lopez Carlos Alfonso. "La modification du contrat administratif en droit colombien." Thesis, Paris 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA020037/document.

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Bien que la modification du contrat administratif soit par principe libre, elle ne peut s’exercer que dans le cadre de certaines limites. En France, les règles de publicité et mise en concurrence imposent des conditions de fond, de forme et de procédure qui déterminent la légalité de l’instrument modificatif. L’interdiction d’un objet nouveau, les restrictions au bouleversement de l’économie du contrat, la fixation des seuils par le juge, etc. révèlent un contrôle rigoureux des modifications. En Colombie, par contre, il semble que la liberté des parties est beaucoup plus étendue. Un seuil général de cinquante pour cent du montant initial, la possibilité des parties de bouleverser l’économie du contrat et même la modification fondamentale de l’objet, font partie d’un système juridique qui tend à supprimer toutes les restrictions à la volonté des parties à l’égard de la modification. S’il est même de l’essence du contrat administratif d’admettre des modifications aux conditions fixées initialement, un sujet d’une grande importance sera celui de la nature de la modification en droit colombien pour dévoiler tous les défis de sa mise en oeuvre
Although the modification of the public contract is in principle free, it can only take place under certain limitations. In France, the rules of advertising and competition impose substantive conditions of form and procedure to determine the legality of the modifying instrument. The prohibition of agreeing to a new object, restrictions on altering the economic balance, setting financial thresholds, etc., reveal a rigorous control for any modifications. In Colombia, however, it appears that the freedom of the parties is much broader. A general threshold of fifty percent of the initial price, the possibility of altering the economics of the contract and even the fundamental modification of the object, are part of a legal system that tends to abolish all restrictions to the will of the parties regarding modification. Although it is of the essence of contract modifications to disclose the conditions initially established, a major theme is that of the nature of the change in Colombian law to reveal all the challenges of its implementation
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Books on the topic "Fats modification"

1

Station, Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment. Dietary modifications designed to affect lipid metabolism. Ames, Iowa: The Station, 1992.

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Cone, Joseph. A common fate: Endangered salmon and the people of the Pacific Northwest. Corvallis: Oregon State University Press, 1996.

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Cone, Joseph. A common fate: Endangered salmon and the people of the Pacific Northwest. New York: H. Holt, 1995.

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(Josie), Santomauro J., ed. Friendly facts: A fun, interactive resource to help children explore the complexities of friends and friendship. Shawnee Mission, Kan: Autism Asperger Pub. Co., 2010.

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Barnard, Neal. Foods that cause you to lose weight: The negative calorie effect. McKinney, TX: MagniGroup, 1992.

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Karen, Bellenir, Dresser Peter D, and National Institutes of Health (U.S.), eds. Cardiovascular diseases and disorders sourcebook: Basic information about cardiovascular diseases and disorders featuring facts about the cardiovascular system, demographic and statistical data, descriptions of pharmacologic and surgical interventions, lifestyle modifications, and a special section focusing on heart disorders in children. Detroit, MI: Omnigraphics, 1995.

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Hughes, Stella E., and Gabrielle Macaron. Fast Facts : Multiple Sclerosis: A New Era of Disease Modification and Treatment. Health Press Limited, 2021.

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Macaron, G., and S. E. Hughes. Fast Facts : Multiple Sclerosis: A New Era of Disease Modification and Treatment. Karger AG, S., 2021.

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Toplis, Blake Stephen. Tracking, adaptability and stability modifications for fast recursive least squares algorithms. 1987.

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Poplack, Shana. The bare facts of borrowing. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190256388.003.0006.

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This chapter addresses the problem of classifying formally ambiguous bare forms. It illustrates with analysis of three typologically distinct language pairs involving isolating recipients (Wolof, Fongbe, and Igbo) that feature virtually no overt morphology on the noun, obviating the morphological criterion for loanword integration. Here the appeal is to the syntax of nouns and noun phrases, focusing on their variable distribution across different types of modification structure. This expands and systematizes the comparisons of chapters 4 and 5 by considering in greater detail not just the rates of occurrence of a diagnostic but also its variable structure. Regardless of language pair, the overwhelming majority of lone donor-language nouns display quantitative parallels to their relevant recipient-language counterparts in ways far too specific to be random. At the same time, they pattern differently from nouns in unmixed donor-language contexts. This reveals that the donor-language nouns have been borrowed and integrated into different recipients.
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Book chapters on the topic "Fats modification"

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Dijkstra, Albert J. "Oil modification processes." In Fats in Food Technology 2e, 133–67. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118788745.ch4.

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Podmore, J. "Application of Modification Techniques." In Recent Advances in Chemistry and Technology of Fats and Oils, 167–81. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-7471-8_8.

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Xu, Xuebing. "Modification of Oils and Fats by Lipase-Catalyzed Interesterification: Aspects of Process Engineering." In Enzymes in Lipid Modification, 190–215. Weinheim, FRG: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/3527606033.ch11.

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McKeon, Thomas A., Jiann-Tsyh Lin, Marta Goodrich-Tanrikulu, and Allan Stafford. "Genetic Modification of Oilseed Crops To Produce Oils and Fats for Industrial Uses." In ACS Symposium Series, 158–78. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1996-0647.ch011.

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Marszałek, Zbigniew. "Modification of Parallelization for Fast Sort Algorithm." In Communications in Computer and Information Science, 270–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-99972-2_21.

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Hart, Ronald W., Julian E. A. Leakey, Ming Chou, Peter H. Duffy, William T. Allaben, and Ritchie J. Feuers. "Modulation of Chemical Toxicity by Modification of Caloric Intake." In Exercise, Calories, Fat and Cancer, 73–81. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7953-9_7.

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Gallier, Sophie, and Harjinder Singh. "Modification of Milk Fat Globules During Processing and Gastrointestinal Digestion." In Dairy Fat Products and Functionality, 133–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-41661-4_7.

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Hallén, A., P. Håkansson, B. U. R. Sundqvist, and E. Tillberg. "Fast-Ion-Induced Defects in Silicon Studied by Deep Level Transient Spectroscopy." In Materials Modification by High-fluence Ion Beams, 231–36. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1267-0_16.

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Grosjean, Henri. "Modification and editing of RNA: historical overview and important facts to remember." In Fine-Tuning of RNA Functions by Modification and Editing, 1–22. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b106848.

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Wemple, C. A., F. J. Wheeler, and D. W. Nigg. "Modifications to rtt_MC for Fast Neutron Therapy Treatment Planning." In Frontiers in Neutron Capture Therapy, 715–22. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1285-1_103.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fats modification"

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Tan, Ee Sann, Kumaran Palanisamy, Ibrahim Hussein, and Farid Nasir Ani. "Preliminary Study on Combustion of Biodiesel for Power Generation." In ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-13338.

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In the recent wake of escalating crude oil prices due to depletion of fossil fuel, biodiesel has generated a significant interest as an alternative fuel for the future. The use of biodiesel to fuel microturbines or gas turbine application is envisaged to solve problems of diminishing supplies of fossil fuel reserves and environmental concerns. This paper examines the combustion of biodiesel derived from Malaysian Waste Cooking Oil (WCO) in a combustion test facility to study the feasibility of using the designated fuel at five various volumetric ratios for gas turbine application. Biodiesel was produced from waste cooking oil in Malaysia, mainly from palm oil sources and animal fats. The oil burner was able to fire the five blends of fuel without any modification or pretreatment. The combustion performance of Malaysian WCO biodiesel and distillate blends was examined with respect to the combustion efficiency. The results indicated biodiesel combustion required less air for stoichiometric combustion due to presence of oxygen in the fuel. Indeed biodiesel stand as a potential alternative fuel for power generation application with the best efficiency at blended ratio of 20% biodiesel and 80% distillate.
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Jones, Jabarius, Jaden Payne, Rycal Blount, and Roberta Silva. "Effects on the Physical Properties of Corn Oil Oleogels Structured with Different Ratios of Rice Bran or Carnauba Waxes." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/mcxw2218.

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The new requirements imposed by the US Food and Drug Administration to ban trans fatty acids, and the pressure to reduce saturated fats in foods pose a significant challenge to developing lipid bases with compatible technological characteristics and similar sensory properties. Natural unsaturated oils do not have suitable physicochemical properties for direct use in food formulations. Thus, oleogelation appears as one of the most promising lipid modification techniques. The aim of this study was to develop a wax-based oleogel to be used as a fat replacement. The corn oil was structured with carnauba (CBW) or rice bran wax (RBW) in different ratios (2, 4, 6, and 10%). The oleogels were analyzed by oil binding capacity (OBC), texture properties, PLM (polarized light microscopy), visual test, and DSC (differential scanning calorimetry). The visual test at room temperature shows that the RBW structured very stable oleogels even in the lowest ratio (2%) for 60 days. The OBC was higher than 99% using RBW as oleogelator in all percentages after 60 days. On the other hand, only 10% of CBW provided a strong network to the corn oil. The enthalpy (DH) in the melting curves of the RBW-oleogels (4, 6, and 10%) were significantly higher (3.12±0.82, 8.42±0.43, and 15.04±1.81 J/g) compared to CBW oleogels (1.99±1.41, 3.47±1.45, and 11.00±0.40 J/g). The firmness of 2% RBW-oleogels (66.9 ± 15.7 g) was significantly higher (p< 0.05) than 2% CBW-oleogels (1.80 ± 1.14 g) and this behavior was observed in all percentages. The microstructure of wax-based oleogels consisted of platelet-like spherulites and clustered crystal-aggregates along with one-dimensional needle-like crystals. The RBW-oleogels exhibited a denser crystal network with stronger birefringence. The results show that rice bran wax is stable even in small ratios compared to carnauba wax generating an appropriate fat replacement since less was needed.
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Sinha, Shailendra, and Avinash Kumar Agarwal. "Experimental Investigation on the Performance and Emission Characteristics of Direct Injection Medium Duty Transport Diesel Engine Using Rice-Bran Oil Biodiesel." In ASME 2007 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2007-1722.

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Over the past several years, there has been increased interest in alternative diesel fuels to control emissions and provide energy security. Biodiesel is a fuel that can be made from renewable biological sources such as vegetable oils and animal fats, has been recognized as an environment friendly alternative to mineral diesel. In present investigation, rice bran oil (non-edible) was transesterified to methyl ester and reaction conditions for transesterifcation process for rice bran oil were optimized. Various properties like viscosity, density, flash point, calorific value of the biodiesel thus prepared are characterized as per ASTM norms (ASTM D6751) and found comparable to diesel. Steady state engine dynamometer test at full throttle conditions have been carried out to evaluate the performance and emission characteristics of a medium duty transportation DI diesel engine. Engine was fuelled with various blends of rice-bran oil biodiesel (ROME) and mineral diesel ranging from 5% biodiesel to 100% biodiesel (5, 10, 20, 30, 50, and 100%). Performance and emission data were compared to the baseline data obtained using mineral diesel. Same engine without any hardware modification has been adopted for tests on all fuel blends. The results of this experimental investigation showed that biodiesel and biodiesel blends exhibited almost similar torque and power characteristics. Biodiesel blends up to 20% produced slightly higher torque and improved performance. Improvement in fuel conversion efficiency was found for lower concentration blends i.e. up to 20%. Lowest efficiency was found for 100% biodiesel blend. All the biodiesel blends emitted lower total hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide emissions and smoke opacity but slightly higher NOx emissions during the full throttle tests. Emission tests with all the fuel blends have also been carried out using European 13 MODE test (ECE R49) procedure. Drastic reduction in THC and CO and slight increase in NOx was observed.
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Wang, Lijue, Fuxin Huang, Chi Yang, and Raju Datla. "Hydrodynamic Optimization of a Wedge Hull." In SNAME 13th International Conference on Fast Sea Transportation. SNAME, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/fast-2015-020.

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A novel wedge-shaped hull form is optimized for reduced drag using a further developed practical hydrodynamic optimization tool. The hull features a sharp entrance angle, rectilinear sides, sharp bottom edges, a triangular waterplane and a linear aftward taper from a deep bow to a shallow transom. The optimization involves two modifications of the hull form, one is to smooth out the sharp bottom edge with a rounded corner and the other is to generate a bulbous bow. In order to perform the hydrodynamic optimization of the hull, a Non-Uniform Rational BSpline (NURBS)-based hull surface modification tool, a NURBS surface mesh generator, a surrogate model and an evolutionary optimization solver are developed and integrated into the practical hydrodynamic optimization tool. The hydrodynamic performances, i.e., the total drag and the flow field near the obtained hull bodies are assessed and compared with the original wedge hull using numerical simulations. Results showed that rounding the sharp edge of the wedge hull can reduce the total drag by alleviating the flow separations around the hull body. The wedge hull with rounded bottom edge and optimized bulbous bow can achieve larger drag reduction and the flow separations are almost eliminated. The total drag of the optimal hull is compared with an earlier-optimized wedge hull that has a different type of bulbous bow, whose hydrodynamic performance has been validated by model tests.
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Linder, Michael. "Precision Ellipsometric Investigation of Polished Optical Glasses." In Optical Fabrication and Testing. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oft.1994.otuc7.

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Surface modification layers on optical glasses are investigated by means of MAI-MWL (multiple angle of incidence, multiple wavelength) ellipsometry. These modifications in the near-surface region are caused by polishing and cleaning processes. The device used is a special ellipsometer arrangement using only absolutely necessary elements but allowing fast and very accurate measurements, especially for ultra-thin films. While the basic principle was reported in a previous paper /1/, further improvements of device and evaluation techniques are described. The latter will mainly include residual roughness, which cannot be neglected for the ultra-weak modification layers.
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Patel, Ankit Bhai, K. Viswanath, and Dhyanjyoti Deb Nath. "Effect of Axial Sweep and Tip Extension on Performance of an Axial Fan." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-65967.

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Performance enhancement in terms of stall margin increment, increased pressure rise coefficient and increased efficiency is of great need for low speed axial fans. Stacking line modifications in terms of sweep, skew, dihedral or combination of these, as well as blade tip geometry modifications are assumed to be one of the ways to achieve finite performance improvement. Non radial stacking of blade profiles modifies secondary flows, tip vortex effects, hub passage vortex and thus affects aerodynamic performance parameters such as stall margin, efficiency, pressure rise, blade loading. In literature many studies have confined to comparison of few cases which led to conflicting results as modification of stacking line may have different effects in different cases. In the present work, comparison of performance of axial fan rotor with three different blade configurations BSL (baseline), SWP (swept blade) and EXTN (swept blade with extended tip) are considered. The BSL configuration is designed on basis of non-free vortex design. The SWP configuration is obtained by shifting radial stacking line of the BSL in axial flow direction by 10° (Forward sweep). The EXTN configuration is obtained by extending tip profile on pressure surface as well as suction surface by 3% locally. Experiments have been conducted on these three configurations to study effects of these modifications on aerodynamic performance. The flow field has been surveyed using Kiel probe, Three hole pressure probe at many flow rates starting from fully open to fully closed. Unsteady flow analysis at exit of rotors of all configurations is carried out using fast response pressure probe. Experimental results show slight performance improvement in terms of increased stall margin, efficiency, as well as total pressure rise for SWP rotor as well as EXTN rotor compared to BSL rotor at low flow coefficients.
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McKennoch, S., Dingding Liu, and L. G. Bushnell. "Fast Modifications of the SpikeProp Algorithm." In The 2006 IEEE International Joint Conference on Neural Network Proceedings. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn.2006.246918.

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Yelmar, Kiran, and K. Viswanath. "Computational Analysis of Recess Vane Geometry Modification in the Casing Treatment Approach to Enhance Stall Margin in Axial Flow Fans." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-63096.

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Stall margin improvement, though finite, has great influence on performance of a compressor and fan. Modification to the geometry of the recess and the recess vane used in the recess vane casing treatment approach would increase the operating range of an axial flow fan by removing the whirl component of circulatory flow near the blade tip. The present paper investigates the combined effect of variation of recess height and amount of blade chord exposure on flow characteristics and stall margin in low speed axial flow fan. Numerical simulations and modeling was performed using CFX 13.0 and ICEMCFD. The simulated pressure rise, work input and efficiency characteristics agreed well with the experimental data of a low sped fan obtained from the literature. The range of the flow rates which correspond to the stall free operating range of the untreated fan is compared with the same for the different modifications carried out to the geometry. The sensitivity of the operating range to the modifications is analyzed and the effect of recess vane geometry parameters on stall margin improvement is evaluated. Simulations suggest that within the ranges of parameters investigated stall margin improvement increases with both blade chord exposure and height.
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Gaasbeek, Rolf, and Bram de Jager. "Fraction-based input modification for fast SMA-actuation." In 2016 IEEE Conference on Control Applications (CCA). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cca.2016.7588017.

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Van Nguyen, Hanh, Soong Hwan Roh, Jung Kwan Ryu, and Sejoon Park. "A Modification for Fast Handover in Hierarchical Mobile IPv6." In The 9th International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icact.2007.358474.

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Reports on the topic "Fats modification"

1

Floyd, S., and T. Henderson. The NewReno Modification to TCP's Fast Recovery Algorithm. RFC Editor, April 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc2582.

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Floyd, S., T. Henderson, and A. Gurtov. The NewReno Modification to TCP's Fast Recovery Algorithm. RFC Editor, April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc3782.

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Henderson, T., S. Floyd, A. Gurtov, and Y. Nishida. The NewReno Modification to TCP's Fast Recovery Algorithm. RFC Editor, April 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc6582.

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Mendard, J. E., Wilson, J. R. LeBlanc, S. A. Sabbagh, D. Stutman, and D. W. and Swain. Profile Modifications Resulting from Early High-harmonic Fast Wave heating in NSTX. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/784550.

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Shani, Moshe, and C. P. Emerson. Genetic Manipulation of the Adipose Tissue via Transgenesis. United States Department of Agriculture, April 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604929.bard.

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The long term goal of this study was to reduce caloric and fat content of beef and other red meats by means of genetic modification of the animal such that fat would not be accumulated. This was attempted by introducing into the germ line myogenic regulatory genes that would convert fat tissue to skeletal muscle. We first determined the consequences of ectopic expression of the myogenic regulatory gene MyoD1. It was found that deregulation of MyoD1 did not result in ectopic skeletal muscle formation but rather led to embryonic lethalities, probably due to its role in the control of the cell cycle. This indicated that MyoD1 should be placed under stringent control to allow survival. Embryonic lethalities were also observed when the regulatory elements of the adipose-specific gene adipsin directed the expression of MyoD1 or myogenin cDNAs, suggesting that these sequences are probably not strong enough to confer tissue specificity. To determine the specificity of the control elements of another fat specific gene (adipocyte protein 2-aP2), we fused them to the bacterial b-galactosidase reporter gene and established stable transgenic strains. The expression of the reporter gene in none of the strains was adipose specific. Each strain displayed a unique pattern of expression in various cell lineages. Most exciting results were obtained in a transgenic strain in which cells migrating from the ventro-lateral edge of the dermomyotome of developing somites to populate the limb buds with myoblasts were specifically stained for lacZ. Since the control sequences of the adipsin or aP2 genes did not confer fat specificity in transgenic mice we have taken both molecular and genetic approaches as an initial effort to identify genes important in the conversion of a multipotential cell such as C3H10T1/2 cell to adipoblast. Several novel adipocyte cell lines have been established that differ in the expression of transcription factors of the C/EBP family known to be markers for adipocyte differentiation. These studies revealed that one of the genetic programming changes which occur during 10T1/2 conversion from multipotential cell to a committed adipoblast is the ability to linduce C/EBPa gene expression. It is expected that further analysis of this gene would identify elements which regulate this lineage-specific expression. Such elements might be good candidates in future attempts to convert adipoblasts to skeletal muscle cells in vivo.
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Lehotay, Steven J., and Aviv Amirav. Fast, practical, and effective approach for the analysis of hazardous chemicals in the food supply. United States Department of Agriculture, April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7695587.bard.

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Background to the topic: For food safety and security reasons, hundreds of pesticides, veterinary drugs, and environmental pollutants should be monitored in the food supply, but current methods are too time-consuming, laborious, and expensive. As a result, only a tiny fraction of the food is tested for a limited number of contaminants. Original proposal objectives: Our main original goal was to develop fast, practical, and effective new approaches for the analysis of hazardous chemicals in the food supply. We proposed to extend the QuEChERS approach to more pesticides, veterinary drugs and pollutants, further develop GC-MS and LC-MS with SMB and combine QuEChERS with GC-SMB-MS and LC-SMB-EI-MS to provide the “ultimate” approach for the analysis of hazardous chemicals in food. Major conclusions, solutions and achievements: The original QuEChERS method was validated for more than 200 pesticide residues in a variety of food crops. For the few basic pesticides for which the method gave lower recoveries, an extensive solvent suitability study was conducted, and a buffering modification was made to improve results for difficult analytes. Furthermore, evaluation of the QuEChERS approach for fatty matrices, including olives and its oil, was performed. The QuEChERS concept was also extended to acrylamide analysis in foods. Other advanced techniques to improve speed, ease, and effectiveness of chemical residue analysis were also successfully developed and/or evaluated, which include: a simple and inexpensive solvent-in-silicone-tube extraction approach for highly sensitive detection of nonpolar pesticides in GC; ruggedness testing of low-pressure GC-MS for 3-fold faster separations; optimization and extensive evaluation of analyte protectants in GC-MS; and use of prototypical commercial automated direct sample introduction devices for GC-MS. GC-MS with SMB was further developed and combined with the Varian 1200 GCMS/ MS system, resulting in a new type of GC-MS with advanced capabilities. Careful attention was given to the subject of GC-MS sensitivity and its LOD for difficult to analyze samples such as thermally labile pesticides or those with weak or no molecular ions, and record low LOD were demonstrated and discussed. The new approach of electron ionization LC-MS with SMB was developed, its key components of sample vaporization nozzle and flythrough ion source were improved and was evaluated with a range of samples, including carbamate pesticides. A new method and software based on IAA were developed and tested on a range of pesticides in agricultural matrices. This IAA method and software in combination with GC-MS and SMB provide extremely high confidence in sample identification. A new type of comprehensive GCxGC (based on flow modulation) was uniquely combined with GC-MS with SMB, and we demonstrated improved pesticide separation and identification in complex agricultural matrices using this novel approach. An improved device for aroma sample collection and introduction (SnifProbe) was further developed and favorably compared with SPME for coffee aroma sampling. Implications, both scientific and agricultural: We succeeded in achieving significant improvements in the analysis of hazardous chemicals in the food supply, from easy sample preparation approaches, through sample analysis by advanced new types of GC-MS and LCMS techniques, all the way to improved data analysis by lowering LOD and providing greater confidence in chemical identification. As a result, the combination of the QuEChERS approach, new and superior instrumentation, and the novel monitoring methods that were developed will enable vastly reduced time and cost of analysis, increased analytical scope, and a higher monitoring rate. This provides better enforcement, an added impetus for farmers to use good agricultural practices, improved food safety and security, increased trade, and greater consumer confidence in the food supply.
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Beck, Aaron. RiverOceanPlastic: Land-ocean transfer of plastic debris in the North Atlantic, Cruise No. AL534/2, 05 March – 26 March 2020, Malaga (Spain) – Kiel (Germany). GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/cr_al534-2.

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Cruise AL534/2 is part of a multi-disciplinary research initiative as part of the JPI Oceans project HOTMIC and sought to investigate the origin, transport and fate of plastic debris from estuaries to the oceanic garbage patches. The main focus of the cruise was on the horizontal transfer of plastic debris from major European rivers into shelf regions and on the processes that mediate this transport. Stations were originally chosen to target the outflows of major European rivers along the western Europe coast between Malaga (Spain) and Kiel (Germany), although some modifications were made in response to inclement weather. In total, 16 stations were sampled along the cruise track. The sampling scheme was similar for most stations, and included: 1) a CTD cast to collect water column salinity and temperature profiles, and discrete samples between surface and seafloor, 2) sediment sampling with Van Veen grab and mini-multi corer (mini-MUC), 3) suspended particle and plankton sampling using a towed Bongo net and vertical WP3 net, and 4) surface neusten sampling using a catamaran trawl. At a subset of stations with deep water, suspended particles were collected using in situ pumps deployed on a cable. During transit between stations, surface water samples were collected from the ship’s underway seawater supply, and during calm weather, floating litter was counted by visual survey teams. The samples and data collected on cruise AL534/2 will be used to determine the: (1) abundance of plastic debris in surface waters, as well as the composition of polymer types, originating in major European estuaries and transported through coastal waters, (2) abundance and composition of microplastics (MP) in the water column at different depths from the sea surface to the seafloor including the sediment, (3) abundance and composition of plastic debris in pelagic and benthic organisms (invertebrates), (4) abundance and identity of biofoulers (bacteria, protozoans and metazoans) on the surface of plastic debris from different water depths, (5) identification of chemical compounds (“additives”) in the plastic debris and in water samples.
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