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1
Israel, Azaliah, and Anna Zajicek. "The Social Construction of Black Fatherhood in Responsible Fatherhood Programs." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/secfr-conf/2018/schedule/19.
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Since the mid-1990, promoting responsible fatherhood has remained on the national policy agenda, but fatherhood-related policy initiatives have yet to generate tangible outcomes for low-income communities. Almost 1 billion dollars have been allocated to address the combined efforts of marriage and fatherhood education, but the results have been minimal. Recent literature reveals a deep seeded legislative misunderstanding about the reasons behind low marriage rates among low-income couples. Contrary to popular cultural narratives that imply a blatant disregard for marriage, there is evidence that low-income couples respect the institution of marriage. Socio-economic barriers, however, inhibit that union from taking place. Despite this plausible explanation, policy-driven initiatives often employ program curriculums that seek to modify the behaviors of fathers by instilling in them the value of hard work as opposed to addressing the socio-economic circumstances they face. This partly stems from the broader cultural narrative and a related public perception that Black fathers are lazy and unwilling to work. Responsible fatherhood grantees have the potential to begin deconstructing negative perceptions of Black fathers by uncovering new information in these federally funded programs. Using qualitative interviews, this study utilizes a three-article style format to examine the presence of the dominant cultural narratives regarding Black fatherhood in Responsible Fatherhood policies and organizational narratives of the agencies tasked with policy implementation.
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McKee, Lorna. "Perceptions of fatherhood." Thesis, University of York, 1985. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/10938/.
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MERCURI, EUGENIA. "FATHERHOOD AND MASCULINITY." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/569865.
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The thesis presents the results of a qualitative social research which deals with contemporary experiences and representations of fatherhood in the Italian context, with the main aim of looking at possible spaces for a deepening of the reflection on how studying fatherhood could give a contribution to the study of masculinities. Theoretically, it is based on the conceptual distinction between fathers, fathering and fatherhood, on conceptualizations of masculinities, and on critiques and developments of the concept of hegemonic masculinity: hybrid/plural masculinities on the one hand and inclusive/caring masculinities on the other. Methodologically, it is based on three sets of data: 33 discursive interviews with first time Italian fathers of children aged 0-3 years, all employed, heterosexual, and cohabiting with the mothers of their children (areas of Torino and Cuneo – Piedmont); 15 television advertisements depicting fathers, and a focus group with a subgroup of interviewees on media representations of fatherhood and issues related to care. The analysis of the empirical materials deals with different issues: the process of becoming a father, and the meanings attached to fatherhood; care practices and responsibilities; fatherhood as depicted in popular media culture; gender costruction in fathering practices. The fundamental aim is to understand whether contemporary experiences of fatherhood and transformations of traditional masculinities may represent a change in gender relations within the family, or instead have to be interpreted as hybridizations of hegemonic masculinity.
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Wenzel, David R. "The fatherhood of God." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1990. http://www.tren.com.
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Burton, Jack David. "'Fatherhood isn't easy like motherhood' : representing fatherhood and the nuclear family on popular television." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25998.
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This thesis investigates the way in which tensions between the discursive dominance of the nuclear model and an acknowledgement of the plurality of family forms has been embodied in popular representations of fatherhood. Based on assumptions of gendered spheres of experience that define the domestic sphere as primarily ‘feminine’, fathers occupy an uncertain position within the discourse of the nuclear family. It is this ambiguous position, when contrasted with an assumption of their ultimate dominance, which creates confusion between the symbolic figure of the absent patriarch and the literal presence of the father within family life. Television, in particular, has regularly been forced to confront this dynamic between discursive absence and literal presence, due to the centrality of the nuclear family in both the commissioning and scheduling of programmes. Television’s representation of fatherhood regularly re-asserts or undermines patriarchal privilege by representing the father as a threat to the coherence of the family unit or as an overgrown adolescent who ultimately acquiesces to the ‘natural’ domestic authority of the female. In this way, popular television is able to continue restating a model of the patriarchal nuclear family, while simultaneously acknowledging its contested status as a norm of family life. As highly negotiated attempts to move beyond these common models have proven, however, this approach threatens to replicate a limited discourse of family life through incorporating variation into a single model, rather than broadening available representations. Through an analysis of the representation of fatherhood in the domestic comedy, this thesis begins by investigating the genre’s ability to invert traditional power relationships, allowing it to explore the limits of representing a coherent model of the nuclear family. Progressing to an analysis of the representation of fatherhood in television advertising, it goes on to examine the relationship between an acknowledgement of these limitations and idealised representations of family life within consumer culture. Incorporating a close reading of the ‘Adam’ series of adverts for British Telecom, their representation of a non-nuclear family unit and the role of the father within this unit, this work also considers the potential challenges and rewards of representing alternative models. Exploring both popular and academic discourses of family life throughout, this thesis concludes with a discussion of the possibility of imagining new forms of family that successfully include the father, and the threat to this process posed by their current incorporation into pre-existing representational models.
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Moss, Rachel E. "Fictions of fatherhood : fatherhood in late medieval English gentry and mercantile letters and romances." Thesis, University of York, 2009. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14129/.
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This thesis takes a finnly interdisciplinary approach to the subject of late medieyal fatherhood. It investigates the ideology of fatherhood, as well as the relationships between fathers and their sons and daughters, both legitimate and illegitimate, and also their stepchildren. In doing this it not only illuminates a previously unexplored aspect of family life, but also demonstrates the importance of fatherhood in male identity formation, and so expands the current understanding of medieval masculinities. As its source material this thesis uses Middle English romances and fifteenth-century gentry and mercantile letters. Rather than attempting a survey of late medieval fatherhood, this thesis concentrates on 'fictions' of fatherhood - the constructed worlds of letters and romances. Whilst letters and romances may reflect reality, and in the case of letters in particular may provide details of even the most mundane realities, they are strongly and self-consciously generic. The narrative of the romance is very important, but the story is also the means by which ideas are transmitted. Likewise the fonns of letters, whilst used to transmit practical details, are also a way of encapsulating ideological perspectives. This thesis is principally about ideas of fatherhood, and thus illuminates late medieval perceptions of fathers and their functions. The Introduction presents current scholarship and the source material. Chapter 1 argues that fatherhood was a defining aspect of establishing an adult male identity. Chapter 2 is concerned with fathers and sons, and engages closely with the specific vocabulary of fatherhood. Chapter 3 uses the fatherdaughter relationship to consider the nature of patriarchal authority. Chapter 4 looks at 'outsiders' - stepchildren and bastards - to consider how far stretched the bonds of fatherhood. The Conclusion raises areas for further research.
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Sands, Justin D. "The many sides of fatherhood a survey of contemporary scholarship on fatherhood in America : assessing the relevance of fathers in American society, the scholarship behind contemporary cultural scripts and the church's response /." Click here for download, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1276414441&sid=2&Fmt=2&clientId=3260&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Taylor, Molly. "Problem drug use and fatherhood." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3376/.
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In spite of longstanding concern over the impact that parental problem drug-use may have on the lives of children, very little is currently known about the way in which problem drug-using fathers experience and interpret their parenting roles. This study explores the lived experience of fathering among problem drug-using men and considers the impact that drug addiction may have on how these fathers enact their roles as parents and the relationships that they have with their children. Through qualitative interviewing with a sample of fathers with a history of drug addiction, this research highlights the incompatibility between a problem drug-use career and an active and involved fathering role. However, it also reveals how although many of these men may not be fathering in a practical sense, they would appear to nonetheless hold well-developed notions of what qualifies as good parenting and a desire to better fulfill their role as a father. The findings suggest that greater acknowledgement of fathering issues and of men’s parenting status in the provision of services would be beneficial. Furthermore, engaging with these men as fathers and addressing their parenting issues whilst treating their drug addiction problems could potentially facilitate better, more responsible, involved, and perhaps most importantly drug-free fathering.
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McInerney, Damien. "The discursive construction of fatherhood /." Adelaide, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARPS/09arpsm152.pdf.
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Shirani, Fiona. "The right time for fatherhood?" Thesis, Cardiff University, 2010. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55509/.
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The participants' detailed accounts demonstrate how age and timing decisions can have a significant impact on the lived experience of fatherhood. The apparent continuation of a standardised trajectory for parenthood and the challenges of deviating from this have particular implications for individualisation and life course theories. The thesis provides a detailed exploration of the way in which men negotiate the timing of fatherhood, thus making a significant contribution to the literature on men's fertility decision-making.
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Van, Zyl Izelle. "Single fathers' experience of fatherhood." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30736.
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In recent years various factors have contributed to the dissolution of the traditional family and the subsequent emergence of alternative family systems like the single parent family. Single parent families have become a reality in our society, a fact reflected by statistics which indicate an increase in the occurrence of single parent families over the last couple of years. However, the single parent family is still mostly perceived as consisting of the mother and her children, rather than the father and his children. Research narratives seem to support the single-parenthood-equals-single-motherhood plot in that there is an abundance of single parent accounts in the literature that mostly tell the stories of single mothers. Thus, fathers who find themselves in the position of single father seem to be marginalised in society and stories regarding their experiences are few and far between. The aim of this project was to explore and describe how single fathers in South Africa experience fatherhood by focussing on their personal narratives. Therefore the research inquiry for this project took the form of a narrative inquiry which provides a way to understand people’s experiences by privileging their stories. The researcher conducted unstructured interviews with participants to produce languaged data which were analysed using a narrative analysis strategy. A narrative analysis aims to investigate not merely the content of the story, but rather the story itself and the way in which it is told within a specific cultural and historical context. Hopefully, in the telling, listening and retelling of their stories these fathers’ voices will become more pronounced in the research narratives and thus contribute to the body of knowledge pertaining to single fatherhood. CopyrightDissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Psychology
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Le, Gresley Helen. "The social construction of fatherhood." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2001. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1020.
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The present research sought to explore the lived experience of fatherhood guided by a social constructionist perspective and Bronfenbrenner’s ecological framework (1977, 1989), by collaborating with seven Western Australian fathers on a series of multiple case conversational interviews. To ensure that the data generated from the interviews was manageable and the aims and objectives of research could be effectively facilitated by the researcher, only those fathers belonging to specific cohort, that is, fathers in an intact heterosexual, defacto or marital relationship, were sampled. The interviews were transcribed and a qualitative thematic analysis was conducted on the data. The multiple case conversational interview methodology, coupled with the use of critical participants and a running diary to allow reflection on the procedure and analysis, ensured that the research process and outcomes were auditable and rigours. The fathers identified two core discourses, which influenced their meaning making, the traditional and new father world views.
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Levitz, Ephraim. "The concept of fatherhood in traditional Jewish sources and its impact on current views of fatherhood." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/12889.
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Includes bibliographical references.This thesis proposes that Jewish children brought up in observant families have advantage over children who grow up in secular households. The thesis shows that it is not necessarily due to the religious scriptures, to which they are exposed, nor to the commandments, which the families adhere to; rather to the fact that observant men who follow the traditional way of life are more available to their children, and their presence and familial responsibilities bring about stability that helps the children to flourish. The research is a cross section between ancient religious text and Modern Hebrew literature. Through the prism of the traditional Jewish perspective of fathering, it examines all depictions of fatherhood in the works of the prizewinning Israeli author, Haim Sabato. As a leading member of the observant Orthodox community and an accomplished contemporary writer, Sabato's works serve as a great testament of life within traditional communities. The role of the father in society has changed dramatically in the last few decades. In many countries, the numbers of births per year have consistently dropped. The percentages of children being raised in fatherless homes has risen steadily. Statistics point to a myriad of challenges amongst the children in these families. Despite the trends in the broader society, the observant Jewish community has displayed a strong commitment to the institution of marriage, as set down in the tradition. Men marry at an earlier age and the number of children remains above the average. The incidence of divorce is lower, and child abandonment is rare. The research provides an understanding of the Jewish way of life. The focus of the research centers on the behaviors of the father towards the son. Through close reading and analysis, this research shows the impact of the tradition on the Jewish male's attitude towards fathering, and highlights those aspects of the tradition that have helped maintain the availability of the "traditional" father and its impact on the stability of the home.
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Hamad, Hannah. "Postfeminist fatherhood and contemporary Hollywood stardom." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501744.
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Contemporary Hollywood cinema is rife with representations of fatherhood, and such depictions have been mediated most visibly and ubiquitously through major stars such as Tom Cruise, Mel Gibson, Tom Hanks and Eddie Murphy, via their screen personae and wider publicity images. This is indicative of a media culture inflected with values specific to a postfeminist ideological climate. Postfeminism operates to naturalise these images of fatherhood as both progressive in terms of the gender politics they purport to depict, and inevitable given the effects, perceived or otherwise, of second-wave feminism on contemporary Western consensuses regarding parenting and gender equity. This representational phenomenon is also symptomatic of a socio-political state of affairs with a hegemonic ideological viewpoint, perpetuated with aid from these judiciously mediated images of postfeminist fatherhood, that have emerged from a media culture that seems superficially to dissipate the insidious aspects of this postfeminist yet patriarchal ideology.
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Au, Tat-kuen Gerald. "Expectant fatherhood status, stress and health." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1989. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29653629.
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Dabney, Jacqueline. "Exploring fatherhood from a man's perspective." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2004. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2634/.
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The aim of this research was to explore fatherhood from a man’s perspective. How do fathers respond emotionally when they experience fatherhood for the first time? What influences these responses? When fathers feel unable to share difficulties with their partner do internet discussion sites provide an effective medium for fathers to access support and advice? Given the important role fathers play in the lives of their children, what factors might lead them to disengage and cease contact? These questions are addressed within the thesis. Chapter 1 provides a review of the literature and aims to focus on exploring the father-child relationship from the father’s perspective and potential hurdles and barriers fathers may have to negotiate when developing and maintaining involvement with their child. Chapter 2 details the main paper. This Grounded Theory study explores the salient emotional experiences of nine fathers, three to six months after the birth of their first child. Emotional responses appear to be influenced by the father’s personal history and the social and interpersonal context. Feelings of attachment to the child are linked to the early attachment experience at birth and subsequently to interplay between instability, turmoil and positive change or growth. Methodological issues and clinical implications are discussed. Chapter 3 details the brief paper. A topic area on an on-line internet discussion forum for fathers was examined in detail using narrative analysis. Findings revealed evidence of significant emotional expression, yet limited emphatic emotional or informational support. Two types of contributors were identified, those using a ‘conversational’ dialogue and those only expressing their views/experience. Future research and developments within the internet are discussed. Chapter 4 offers a reflective review of entering a father’s world as a researcher and includes reflections on the research process, my role as a researcher and the research findings.
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Semple, Melanie Marguerite. "Contemporary fatherhood and male emotional expressivity." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.392700.
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Acklin, Abraham I. "Beliefs About Fatherhood Among Social Workers." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/371.
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This research was conducted to study the beliefs about fatherhood among social workers. Data for this project were gathered through separate interviews which were conducted using a sample of five individual social workers that worked with children and families. The participants were asked a series of questions regarding their beliefs about fatherhood. Ultimately, this study found that social workers believe that fathers are important and can contribute to their children’s lives in a healthy manner through emotional, educational, and financial support.
The results from this study suggest that fathers play an important role in their children’s lives and greatly contribute to their emotional, mental, financial, educational, health, and overall well being. This study also suggests that though fathers are held in high regard by the social workers in this research study, there is still a pressing need for resources and programs for fathers that support the father/child relationship. Finally, suggestions for future study include the need for quality programs focused on the needs of fathers, training for staff to involve and engage fathers, and to identify the barriers obstructing father involvement.
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Bongwana, Thembelihle. "Masculinities and fatherhood in a South African context: exploring Xhosa men's experiences of fatherhood and ideas about masculinities." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/2664.
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This is a qualitative study that explores meanings around fatherhood among Xhosa fathers in Cape Town. In so doing, the dissertation goes on to explore attitudes, beliefs, and needs of these township fathers have with regards to taking care of their children. This is a descriptive and exploratory qualitative study which was conducted with a sample of 4 Xhosa fathers. Responses around fathering clustered into the following themes: challenging notions of nurturing as women's roles, changing patterns in fatherhood, fatherhood as a process, multiple ways of fathering, communal and familial support structures, and deviation from ‘traditional' norms and ‘traditional' ideas around fathering. The fathers in this study identified a number of benefits and opportunities to being good fathers who were actively involved in their children's lives.
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Abe, Yuka. "Japanese fathers in the United States negotiating different cultural expectations /." unrestricted, 2005. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11152005-223622/.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2005.Ralph LaRossa, committee chair; Toshi Kii, Elisabeth Burgess, committee members. Electronic text (90 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed May 16, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 80-83).
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Worwood, Emma Victoria. "Post-natal depression in first time fatherhood." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2340.
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It is gradually becoming acknowledged that fathers do suffer from post-natal depression, but very little is known about their experience or how many fathers are actually affected. The factors that may increase a father's susceptibility to post-natal depression, or those that might indeed protect him, have also been given little consideration in research to date. This study examined the prevalence and comorbidity of post-natal depression in 100 first time parents, using the Edinburgh Post-natal Depression Scale (EPDS). The psychological factors of infant temperament, perception of own parenting and social support were investigated in a smaller sample of 30 fathers subsequently interviewed. These were measured using the Neonatal Perception Inventory (NPI), the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI) and the Significant Others Scale (SOS) respectively. The findings suggest that approximately 12 per cent of first time fathers may suffer from post-natal depression and fathers are significantly more likely to experience this if their partner is also depressed. Depression amongst fathers was found to be associated with having little social support, perceiving one's own baby as more difficult than the average baby and perceiving one's own father as having been uncaring. The findings are discussed together with their clinical implications and areas for future research.
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Osborn, Sharani Evelyn. "Doing fatherhood, doing family : contemporary paternal perspectives." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21085.
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Research in recent decades has identified a conception among fathers, and others, of a widespread qualitative change in the potential nature of fatherhood for men. This widely circulated ideal of contemporary, participatory fatherhood is characterised as new, intimate, involved and productive of new practices of ‘masculinity’ (Henwood and Procter, 2003). A belief that fathers play a major part in family life and family a major part in fathers’ lives may, first, change the nature of the life course transition entailed in becoming a father. Second, ‘new’ fatherhood is new in that it is distinguished from a model of authoritarian distance associated with ‘traditional’ fatherhood. What is new is that the primary focus of fatherhood is intimate relationships with children. Third, intimate relationships are generated through fathers’ involvement in family life alongside mothers in a more equitable sharing of the responsibilities of parenting. Finally, as distinctions between maternal and paternal are blurred, some of the lines between ‘masculine’ and ‘not-masculine’ are redrawn. These aspects which the ideal of ‘new’ fatherhood constructs as arenas of change correspond to the domains in relation to which diversity among contemporary fathers are explored in this thesis. Accounts of becoming and being fathers were generated in semi-structured qualitative interviews with a diverse sample of 31 fathers. The first dimension of fatherhood analysed is the place of visions of family and fatherhood in the process of becoming a father. Participants’ situated their orientation to fatherhood in the life course and in the partner relationship. In examining how participants construct family’s needs and parents’ responsibilities, I argue that imagined and lived family relationships are significant for men’s orientations to fatherhood, for their attitude to having further children and for evaluating the resources, material and otherwise, for doing so. The second dimension considered is intergenerational legacies. Participants with different experiences of the father-child relationship engage with their parenting heritage and characterise the legacy they would like to pass on. Connections and breaks with the previous generation of fathers are understood in terms of parent-child relationships, biographical narratives and the relational and discursive resources and constraints of the present. The relation of fatherhood to motherhood is the third dimension explored, through analysis of the different ways in which participants in couples construct, first, the relation between their own practice and their partner’s in the parenting partnership and, second, the relation between caregiving, provision, paid work and career in their own practice. I argue that fathers’ practice is worked through in the lived relationship with their partner, in terms of the division of labour and responsibilities and in the negotiation of similarity and difference, equality and authority, and with reference to a range of discursive resources. Many fathers seek to balance their commitments to the different dimensions of fatherhood in relation to paid work, but in other dimensions of personal life. The fourth aspect of the analysis examines accounts where fathers speak of co-existing contradictory orientations, to freedom and commitment, for example, and moments of ambivalence in relation to the normative articulations of ‘masculinity’ and fatherhood. On the basis of this four-fold analysis of diversity in contemporary multidimensional fatherhood, I argue for a plural focus on the practices of doing family, doing fatherhood and un/doing gender makes conceptual space for engaging critically with the diverse practices through which fathers sustain the relationships and fulfil the responsibilities of multi-dimensional fatherhood.
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Horbatko, Y. "The global politics of motherhood and fatherhood." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/64536.
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The global politics of motherhood and fatherhood due to the fact that throughout the twentieth century there was an important economic, social and cultural shifts that defined the changes of institutions, models and practices of fatherhood in contemporary society. Transformation in the sphere of marriage, types of the family affects both the sphere of marital/partner and international relations, and the sphere of relationships of mothers, fathers and children. In particular, fatherhood becomes a rationally planned, reflective, separate from marriage, poses the problem of biological and social fatherhood unity. Motherhood as a special sphere of activities and relationships related to the care and custody of children is included in the broader contexts of family, fatherhood, childhood and gender inequalities, it is a component of social, cultural and demographic processes.
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Wright, Megan S. "Men on Methadone: Fatherhood, Families, and Partners." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/228431.
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Women have been the focus of a great deal of research on opiate addiction and treatment because their gender is assumed to matter for their experiences in the drug world. Much of this has focused on women's experiences as mothers and caregivers. While men are often included as subjects in research on opiate addiction and treatment, their experiences as gendered beings are rarely analyzed. This research foregrounds men's gendered experiences as fathers, family members, and partners while in methadone maintenance treatment. Using data from addiction history interviews with 33 opiate-dependent men recruited from a single methadone clinic in Arizona, I find that men assign considerable significance to their family relationships. The men interviewed report that their experiences as fathers, grandfathers, sons, grandsons, brothers, husbands, and boyfriends both motivate them to seek methadone treatment for opiate addiction, and cause stress that sometimes pushes them to use or relapse on opiates. Given the importance of these men's family relationships, I argue that the marginalized masculinity of impoverished, drug-dependent men includes an ethic of care. Additionally, I argue that counselors in methadone clinics should consider men in the context of their family relationships in order to provide better treatment to men struggling to recover from opiate addiction.
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Maslen, Phil. "Aboriginal fathers / fathers roles: Are they recognised in Australia's contemporary society?" Thesis, Yooroang Garang: School of Indigenous Health Studies, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5336.
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This thesis is focused on fathers, in particular Indigenous fathers, in general with a view to establishing what literature currently identifies and recognises the role fathers play in Australian society today. This project will mainly be a literature review of this research. This literature review provides a comprehensive and credible body of evidence into the status of current Aboriginal fathers' roles and an overview of what it means to be and perform as a father. The review contrasts and compares past and present ideologies of fatherhood. After the presentation of this literature, the discussion will summarise the literature findings. This discussion will clarify the current state of Indigenous fatherhood, how their roles are perceived socially and what benefits fatherhood brings to the wellbeing of the family and society as a whole. It also provides some possible holistic solutions to current social dilemmas facing fathers so that they can be the best fathers they desire to be.
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Rothmann, Jacques. "Changing conceptualisations of fatherhood : the perceived impact of generative fathering on heterosexual and gay fatherhood in South Africa / Jacques Rothmann." Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2898.
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In his model of psychosocial development, Erik H Erikson referred to the concept of generativity as a value that forms part of the adulthood phase of individuals. The concept has been defined as "... the desire to establish and nurture young people". Applied to parenting and in particular fathering, it refers to "... fathering that meets the needs of children by working to create and maintain a developing ethical relationship with them" (Dollahite et al., 1997a: 18). Such a relationship is important insofar as it necessitates the creation and maintenance of three psychosocial strengths, namely hope, fidelity and care - all of which are important for an individual to be healthy and functional (Erikson, 1984; 1997). The dissertation that follows primarily focused on the changing nature of fathering, with particular emphasis on a comparison between heterosexual and gay fathering in South Africa. This comparison served to indicate the manner in which these men conceptualised fathering, and the degree to which they displayed the principles of generative fathering to determine their possible differences and similarities.
Evident from some of the key findings were the following. Firstly, in terms of the manner in which the men defined fathering, both groupings used similar concepts to define the position of a father. Secondly, based on the thorough discussion of the basic principles of generative fathering in Chapter Two, it was quite evident that both heterosexual and gay fathers knowingly and unknowingly ascribed to them. These included the components of generative fathering, being interaction, accessibility and paternal responsibility and the various categories of generative fathering, including ethical work, stewardship, development work and relationship work. Based on these similarities, it was of particular interest to the researcher that it was not the sexual orientation of the respondents which impacted on their relationship with their children, but rather independent factors such as the manner in which they were socialised by their fathers, their educational and occupational levels, as well as spousal support. As such, the research underscored the importance of eradicating traditional notions of the father serving only as moral figure, economic provider and gender role model. In addition, it also emphasised the fact that 'gay fathering' should not be regarded as a contradiction in terms, but that 'gay fathering' and the seemingly stereotypical 'gay lifestyle', should be viewed as two distinct and independent entities.Thesis (M.A. (Sociology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2009.
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Petry, Brad. "Measuring the effect of wife employment status on first-time father stress." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2004. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=444.
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Hampson, Edward George. "Postpartum self experiences of first time fathers." Click here for text online. The Institute of Clinical Social Work Dissertations website, 1997. http://www.icsw.edu/_dissertations/hampson_1997.pdf.
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Dissertation (Ph.D.) -- The Institute for Clinical Social Work, 1997.A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the Institute of Clinical Social Work in partial fulfillment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
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Levenstein, Angela. "The experiences of first time expectant fathers." Click here for text online. The Institute of Clinical Social Work Dissertations website, 1992. http://www.icsw.edu/_dissertations/levenstein_1992.pdf.
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Dissertation (Ph.D.) -- The Institute for Clinical Social Work, 1992.A dissertation submitted to the faculty of the Institute of Clinical Social Work in partial fulfillment for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
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Cunningham, Benjamin T. "A comparison of relationship dimensions with behavior dimensions for first time expectant fathers." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2003. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=177.
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Donelly, Allan H. ""Working through it" : men's experiences of fatherhood following a life event / Allan H. Donelly." Thesis, The Author [Mt. Helen, Vic.] :, 2004. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/37207.
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"This study set out to determine if and how men change their approach to fatherhood for reasons other than those prescribed by society, that is, are fathers capable of change for personal and interpersonal reasons. ... The participants needed to have experienced a life event whist being a father."Doctor of Philosophy
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Maxwell, Karen J. "Fatherhood in the context of social disadvantage : constructions of fatherhood and attitudes towards parenting interventions of disadvantaged men in Scotland." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/9101/.
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Background: Research on men’s constructions of fatherhood has proliferated over the last three decades, but most studies have focused on middle-class men. There is a need for more research exploring how disadvantaged men conceptualise good fatherhood and relate to changing societal ideals of fatherhood. In addition, parenting interventions are particularly targeted at disadvantaged parents but little is known about how disadvantaged fathers feel about being targeted, and how best to engage them. This study set out to explore disadvantaged UK men’s constructions of fatherhood and attitudes towards parenting interventions. The THRIVE trial taking place in Glasgow, evaluating two antenatal parenting interventions for vulnerable parents, offered an opportunity to investigate these issues. Methods: Thirty-six fathers or fathers-to-be (aged 15-51) were recruited through their partner’s participation in the THRIVE trial or through community organisations working with families in economically-deprived areas. Men participated in in-depth interviews, incorporating elements of repertory grids method. Interviews focused on the men’s upbringings, current circumstances, understandings of good fatherhood, and attitudes towards parenting interventions. Findings: Socially-disadvantaged men’s constructions of good fatherhood were complex and multi-faceted. Men drew on multiple discourses in constructing fathering identities which combined ideas about ‘involved’ fathering with more ‘traditional’ ideas around provision, protection and responsibility. In doing so, these men worked hard to align themselves with socially-acceptable discourses of good fatherhood, demonstrating their awareness of, and engagement with, societally-dominant discourses of modern-day fatherhood. Barriers to the men enacting their visions of good fatherhood centred around: the legacy of their upbringings; difficult relationships with partners and ex-partners; desire to demonstrate an acceptable masculinity; and their disadvantaged circumstances, including the instability of their lives and lack of work. The majority of these men displayed positive attitudes towards attending a parenting intervention. Factors affecting their intentions to attend included: desire to support their partner and feel involved in her pregnancy, perceiving benefits for themselves and their partners, and the belief that the interventions were relevant and appropriate to their needs. Potential barriers were: fear of public scrutiny, perceived lack of information, perceived lack of ‘need’, and notions of acceptable masculinity. Conclusions: Findings suggest that disadvantaged men held normative ideas about good fatherhood but that there were significant challenges facing them in living up to these ideals. Parenting interventions targeting disadvantaged fathers should therefore: capitalise on men’s excitement and commitment to partner and baby in the antenatal period; emphasize the relevance of content to the needs of disadvantaged men; and bear in mind potential barriers such as perceived lack of ‘need’, overcoming social anxieties, and notions of acceptable masculinity.
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Fox, Elizabeth. "Lone fatherhood : experience and perception, choice and constraint." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2002. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11680/.
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This thesis explores men's experience of raising children alone, and addresses a central question for men's engagement in care: Can men mother? If men can mother, what makes this possible? To what extent are breadwinning identities and mothers' care for children barriers to men's engagement in caring? If mothering is a constitutive activity based on a response to the perceived needs of children, what does caring mean to fathers, and what is the impact of caring for children in the absence of maternal mediation? Based on evidence from an in depth qualitative study of fathers raising children alone, the study explores men's experience as primary carers for their children. Men's experience of paid employment, childcare and social and structural supports are examined, as is their experience of parenting and relationships with their children. Research into men's participation in childcare and domestic labour in two parent families demonstrates that women continue to do most childcare and unpaid domestic work, and there is significant difficulty in engaging men in care. The psychological literature has underpinned a 'deficiency' perspective of fatherhood, and casts doubt on men's capacity to care, while evidence from social policy research casts doubt on men's willingness to care. The policy response to women's labour market participation has been slow, leaving a gap in care. The findings of this study show how contemporary constructions of fatherhood impact on men's experiences. It will argue that, for men parenting alone, these constructions create a challenge to men's identities, which in turn creates tensions in men's perceptions of caring labour. However, these tensions do not need to be resolved in order for men to experience their parenting as positive, rather, the experience of doing care has the most significant impact on how men experience fatherhood, and having taken responsibility for care, fathers would be reluctant to relinquish it.
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MATOS, MARIANA GOUVÊA DE. "TRANSISTION TO FATHERHOOD: SUBJECTIVE EXPERIENCES AND CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2015. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=26746@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
FUNDAÇÃO DE APOIO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
BOLSA NOTA 10
Devido a mudanças recentes nas configurações familiares, o lugar do pai vem sofrendo modificações e os homens estão sendo convocados a desempenhar atividades de cuidado que, durante séculos, foram consideradas femininas. No presente estudo, pretendeu-se pesquisar as experiências subjetivas durante a transição para a paternidade na atualidade por meio de um estudo de campo exploratório com a realização de entrevistas semiestruturadas com oito homens das camadas de média renda da população carioca. As entrevistas foram analisadas por meio do método de análise de conteúdo proposto por Bardin (2011) e do discurso dos sujeitos emergiram oito categorias de análise: Mãe é mãe, Ser pãe, Demandas contraditórias: patriarca e cuidador, O homem grávido; Ultrassonografia como ritual de passagem; O nascimento do pai; A construção de um vínculo; Dos indivíduos à família. Como resultados, destacou-se a crença no instinto materno, ao mesmo tempo que o notável desejo de participação dos homens na criação afetiva dos filhos. Parece ser necessário um descolamento dos aspectos biológicos para que a sociedade em geral compreenda o momento de transformações pelo qual passam os homens na transição para a paternidade e possa, assim, acolher seus sentimentos. Conclui-se que a transição para a paternidade é um momento de adaptação, no qual os pais experimentam sentimentos contraditórios. Para que os homens possam lidar com tais sentimentos é necessário que disponham de uma rede de apoio consistente, na medida em que as transformações no lugar do pai abrem espaço para o desejo, mas também para o sofrimento gerado por imposições sociais.
Due to recent changes in family structures, the role of the father has been suffering modifications, and men are being convoked to assume children s care, which had been considered a feminine activity for many centuries,.The present study was intended to search the subjective experiences during the transistion to fatherhood today. In order to achieve this goal, a qualitative research was conducted, in which eight recent fathers from carioca middle-class were interviewed. From the discursive analysis of interviews eight categories have emerged: Mother is mother, Being pãe , Contradictory Demands: patriarch and caretaker, The pregnant man; Ultrasonography as a passage ritual; The birth of the father; The construction of a bond; From individuals to family. The results point to the belief in maternal instinct, as well as to the notable desire of men s participation in their children s emotional upbringing. To understand the transformations inherent to the process of becoming a father, a distance from biological aspects seems to be necessary so that society can recognize and understand fathers feelings. The conclusion is that transistion to fatherhood demands adaptation, because it is a moment in which parents experience contradictory feelings. Fathers might need to have a consistent social support so that they can manage to deal with such feelings, once the transformations in a father s role lead to both desire and to the suffering created by social impositions.
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Dunston, Chloe A. "Family Matters: Contemporary Black Fatherhood, Generativity and Proactivity." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1602778671634571.
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Shaw, Colin D. "Fatherhood : comparing retrospective and contemporary accounts of parenting." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.711900.
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Men's involvement in their children’s lives has become the object of intense academic and policy-oriented research, often with the assumption that greater paternal commitment is good for children, their mothers and men themselves. This thesis, based on semi-structured interviews of 24 men, provides a unique contribution to current debates by exploring men’s accounts of fatherhood from a perspective that includes both fathers of young and adult children. Expanding the concept of fatherhood to other ages and stages of the father-child relationship, it explores how men perceive changes in the performance of the fathering role and sheds light on the perceived 'lag' in men's involvement in children's lives vis-a-vis the mothers'. This thesis suggests that men are sometimes ambivalent to the contemporary parenting ideal of 'more is better' and question how increased involvement can affect children’s autonomy and independence. Men often configure an ideal childhood - one marked by a lack of parental monitoring and great spatial freedom - with reference to their own experience, and, by comparison, perceive contemporary childhood as constrained within the domestic sphere. While this environment may be a 'safe' place for children, it is developmentally impoverished compared to their own childhood experiences. This thesis identifies a paradox in men’s attitudes to contemporary parenting: their fathers’ more 'negligent' approach enabled the free and unfettered childhood they greatly valued. By contrast, their own greater commitment to fathering risks creating a more controlled and restricted childhood, leading to a less developmentally stimulating experience for their children. The thesis also sheds light on the persistent effect of gender expectations on how men parent, especially with regard to the public performance of masculinity and fatherhood. Greater involvement in the care of children places men in a world of gender they are sometimes uncomfortable with, leading to anxieties about the appropriateness of their involvement.
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King, Laura. "Fatherhood and masculinity in Britain, c.1918-1960." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1920/.
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This thesis forms the first detailed academic study of fatherhood in Britain between the First World War and the end of the 1950s. It considers the father's roles, relationships, status and identity in turn, using a wide range of source materials relating to the representation and experience of fatherhood. It argues that whilst the fundamental tenets of a father's duties remained constant throughout this period and beyond, there was an increased emphasis on the significance of the father-child relationship from the interwar period. This was caused by new psychological ideas about childhood and parenting, the circumstances of the Second World War, and the rising living standards of many families. The father was increasingly positioned at the heart of the family, and the identity of 'the family man' was celebrated and accepted to a much greater degree by the post-war period. A new emphasis on equal and democratic relationships between family members and a belief in the ability of the nuclear family unit to meet the emotional, psychological, recreational and physical needs of its members shaped and was reinforced by this updated version of fatherhood. The current focus on motherhood in the twentieth century, alongside the tendency to view childcare as constituted by labour rather than a combination of labour and leisure, has obscured the substantial changes that fatherhood underwent in this period. The thesis examines the relationship between cultural norms and ideals, and the experiences of families, and suggests that this period also witnessed the growth of an increasingly prescriptive national culture. This in turn had important effects on family life, as the norms and ideals suggested by cultural authorities such as the press began to have a greater influence on the behaviour and attitudes of individuals.
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Sanders, James Parry. "Family Socialization, Religiosity and Young Men's Fatherhood Plans." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2006. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/998.
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This study examines how family socialization and religiosity are associated with young men's intention to someday become a father. Data from the National Survey of Families and Households are used to measure the influence of family connection, family regulation, family psychological autonomy and public and private religiosity on young men's fatherhood intentions. Family connection and private religiosity are associated with young men's fatherhood plans.
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Peters, Audrey D. "Fatherhood and Fatherland in Chimamanda Adichie's "Purple Hibiscus"." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2010. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1769.
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Purple Hibiscus, a novel by third-generation Nigerian author Chimamanda Adichie, appears at first glance to be a simple work of adolescent fiction, a bildungsroman in which a pair of siblings navigate the typical challenges of incipient adulthood: social ostracism, an abusive parent, emerging desire. However, the novel's setting-a revolutionary-era Nigeria-is clearly intended to evoke post-Biafra Nigeria, itself the setting of Adichie's other major work, Half of a Yellow Sun. This setting takes Purple Hibiscus beyond the scope of most modern adolescent fiction, creating a complex allegory in which the emergence of self and struggle for identity of the Achike siblings represent Nigeria's own struggle for identity. Adichie achieves this allegory by allowing the father figures of the novel to represent the different political paths Nigeria could have followed in its post-colonial period. The Achike siblings' identities develop through interactions with each of these patriarchs.
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Sands, Justin. "Christian fatherhood in America examining the roles fathers play within Christian families and evaluating ways to redeem fatherhood in the 21st century." Saarbrücken VDM Verlag Dr. Müller, 2007. http://d-nb.info/98955807X/04.
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Moreno, Adi. "Crossing borders : remaking gay fatherhood in the global market." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/crossing-bordersremaking-gay-fatherhood-in-the-global-market(af873916-b0ba-48fb-9a18-b6d8ce99846b).html.
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Over the past decade, a ‘gayby boom’ (Richman, 2002) has occurred in the Israeli male-gay community: hundreds of gay couples became fathers through cross-border commercial surrogacy. This rise was accompanied by political struggles over access to surrogacy for same-sex couples within Israel. This study explores first, the causes of this sudden rise in ‘gay surrogacy’; and second, the social implications, especially pertaining to the alteration of family norms in the 21st century. Drawing on Science and Technology Studies (STS), surrogacy is analysed as an 'assemblage', consisting of the interaction between socially shaped practices and desires, the medical and legal technologies involved, and the overarching state apparatuses. To draw out the complexity of the different components of this assemblage (individual, medical and legal, and state), 31 gay surrogacy fathers were interviewed, along with Israeli surrogacy industry representatives (n=6) and policy makers (n=13). Media coverage of ‘gay surrogacy’ and documentation from relevant court appeals and state committees on reproductive technologies were incorporated into the analysis to provide a contextual framework. Three themes were identified. First, surrogacy provides Israeli gay men a unique combination of novelty and sameness: surrogacy offers ‘biological’ fatherhood, similar to that enjoyed by heterosexual couples, but also facilitates the creation of a new family model, the ‘two-father-family’. The contradiction between the application of technology and the idea of ‘procreation’ disappeared through a discursive normalising and neutralising mechanism, in which surrogacy serves as a stand-in for ‘natural procreation’. Through this process, assisted reproduction facilitated the normalisation of the gay family. Second, despite the fact that surrogacy markets operate globally, the State emerged as a significant force in shaping the specific mechanisms of the surrogacy process, as well as the procreative desires of the Israeli surrogacy fathers – who were geared towards both genetic procreation and reproducing the nation. Gay fatherhood through surrogacy was found to be part of the new ‘gaystream’ (Duggan, 2002), expressing desires towards a new (homo)normativity and participating in homonationalist (Puar, 2007) struggles. Finally, cross-border surrogacy operates in a global market, based upon the commerce of gametes and reproductive services involving third-party women, often from impoverished parts of the world (Vora, 2015). This creates a moral dilemma for commissioning fathers, regarding the commodification of women and children in the market for reproductive services, and the related harm and exploitation within surrogacy markets. Surrogacy fathers negotiated these moral conflicts by forming ideas and ideals of reciprocity, intimacy and shared commitment towards and with the surrogate. However, the realisation of these values is heavily dependent upon the regulatory regimes in the surrogacy state and the outcomes of the medical and physical procedures – that is, the birth of a live healthy child. In conclusion, surrogacy offers a site for making families and remaking ‘the family’. It is based on already existing familial norms, but at the same time partially unsettles these; it is shaped by state regulations and national desires; and it is deeply implicated in unequal global markets, while explicitly harbouring ideals of intimacy and reciprocity. As surrogacy becomes the normative familial form for gay men in Israel, the need arises for collective critical reflexion on the impacts of surrogacy practices on global ‘others’, and on minorities within the Israeli queer community.
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Aravena, Fabiola. "The Impact of Fatherhood on Men's Earnings in Canada." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/33410.
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Whereas the effect of motherhood on women’s earnings has been well documented, little research has been done in Canada exploring the impact of fatherhood on men’s earnings. Although international research has shown that, unlike women, men who have a child increase their earnings, a growing body of research suggests that this benefit may be mediated by whether or not the father takes a parental leave. Using the 2011 General Social Survey (GSS) on family issues and employing ordinary least squares regression I investigate whether fathers receive an earnings bonus compared to childless men and whether fathers who take paternity/ parental leave earn less than fathers who do not. Our findings show that after controlling for personal and work related characteristics fathers earn significantly more than childless men and fathers who took paternity/parental leave earn significantly less than fathers who did not. Potential explanations for these earnings gaps are discussed.
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Siemens, Elden Eidse. "Teen fatherhood : an exploratory study of involved teen fathers." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0005/MQ41779.pdf.
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Norvell, Jeremiah Wesley. "Fatherhood initiatives to promote family preservation| A grant proposal." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1523308.
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Fathers are affronted with consistent and systematic barriers and frequent discrimination in their interactions with child welfare entities. The unique set of challenges that these fathers face in parenting evidences a need for father-specific services. A local agency by the name of Families Uniting Families has made attempts to provide for these needs and began implementing the Project Fatherhood program in the greater Long Beach, California area in 2010 to support these fathers. The hope of this agency is to offer a Spanish-language section to their current program to meet the ever-increasing need for providing services to Latino fathers. A review of current and past literature was performed to highlight the need for programs that focus on the unique needs that fathers face, specifically Latino fathers. Neither successful receipt of funding nor submission of the grant proposal is a requirement for successful completion of this thesis project.
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Osborn, Mark. "Being there : young men's experience and perception of fatherhood." Thesis, Anglia Ruskin University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491180.
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A frequently quoted phrase from young men about the most important thing regarding fatherhood is expressed as 'being there', Le. being available and accessible for their children especially when their children need them. However, what repeatedly happens with young fathers is that they are separated from, and do not have access to, their children. The purpose of this study was to explore young fathers' perceptions of their experiences as parents and to consider the ways in which they are prevented from fully engaging in this role. A group of young fathers took part in this qualitative study which was informed and underpinned by the theoretical perspective of Symbolic Interactionism. Photography was employed as a medium to assist the initial non-directive, open interviews. This process uncovered themes which were explored in semistructured interviews. This thesis uses Giddens' Structuration theory to investigate the recursive relationship between an individual's agency and the influence of social structures on paternal involvement. The young fathers in this research described recurrent experiences of social exclusion. These repeated experiences revealed a pattern, or cycle, of exclusion which was found to impact on subsequent relationships and their ability to interact with others. The respondents identified that becoming a father could be a turning point in their lives in which they .could break their cycle of exclusion. However, exclusion experienced as a result of becoming a father continued and reinforced that pattern. The cycle of exclusion identified in the lives of these young men appears to playa formative role in their capacity for paternal involvement. It is linked to an external locus of control which in turn impacts negatively on their social inclusion and their ability to become involved fathers. Poor interaction between young fathers and social support is compounded and exacerbated by low expectations and previous negative experience from young fathers and those who interact with them.
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Davies, Jemery David. "Gay dads in the UK : rewriting the fatherhood manual?" Thesis, University of Manchester, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.506249.
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Fatherhood has been an area of growing interest among British academics over the last two decades. Recent family literature has employed the notion of 'family practices' to unpick traditional notions about gendered roles and 'the family' as an institution, and a growing body of research has begun to shed light on ways in which 'families of choice' headed by non-heterosexual men and women are reconceptualising 'family life' into new forms.
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Freeman, Tabitha. "Conceptualising fatherhood : gender, discourse and the paradoxes of patriarchy." Thesis, University of Essex, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411270.
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Luchetti, Virginia Irene. "Perceptions of fatherhood in parenting manuals: A rhetorical analysis." Scholarly Commons, 1999. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2439.
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For many mothers and fathers, parenting books are the conduit to information on child development from to the scholarly and scientific communities. This study examined popular American parenting books from 1983–1998 to determine the types of fatherhood role expectations and perceptions regarding fathers that are being communicated to expectant and new parents. A telephone interview process was used to obtain a non-biased sample of the most popular parenting books in the nation. Three bookstores, hospitals, obstetric offices, and pediatric offices from each of 11 regions of the United States were selected for a total of 132 interviews which resulted in a 190 book nominations. The What to Expect series of books, written by Eisenberg, Murkoff, & Hathaway, received the most nominations. There were 40 votes for What to Expect When You're Expecting , 39 for What to Expect the First Year and 20 nominations for What to Expect the Toddler Years . The American Academy of Pediatrics book, Caring for Your Baby and Young Child received 15. Dr. Spock's Baby and Child Care received ten votes and Burton Schmitt's Your Child's Health was nominated nine times. Ten others books received two or more nominations and were included in the sample. Results showed that fathers were noticeably absent from the pages of the parenting manuals. On average, the books devoted approximately 3.5% of the text and 7.5% of the illustrations to father-related issues. For this naturalistic study, grounded theory was used to examine the illustrations and text pertaining to fathers. The salient themes from the text indicate that parenting manual authors seem to marginalize the father's importance in the family: (a) Fathers play a subordinate role in parenting; (b) Fathers' family role family is unclear and confusing; (c) Fathers' involvement in the family is portrayed as increasing while simultaneously not increasing; (d) Fathers depicted as family providers whose family involvement is voluntary; and, (e) Fathers portrayed as inadequate, jealous, reluctant, and rejected. This investigation concluded that the parenting book illustrations were largely positive, in contrast to the more negative portrayal of fathers in the text.
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Morgan, Andrew A. "God of War: Masculinity and Fatherhood Through Procedural Rhetoric." Scholarly Commons, 2020. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3703.
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Video games and academia have a long history with one another. Academic researchers have continued to debate the extent to which video games can materialize real world effects. In this thesis, I employ procedural rhetoric and feminist scholarship to analyze the rhetorical power of God of War. I focus on the game’s immersive procedures and the performances of masculinity from Kratos, Atreus, and Baldur. These three characters all perform different masculinities, and their interactions with one another inform the game’s portrayal of masculinity and fatherhood. By engaging in violence and depicting nuanced performances of masculinity, God of War positions the player to recognize harmful hegemonic masculine norms and their effects on men and their relationships. This is rhetorically significant, as God of War’s interrogation of hegemonic masculinity encourages players to interrogate hegemonic masculine norms in the material world.
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Clapton, Gary. "Perceptions of fatherhood : birth fathers and their adoption experiences." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22104.
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