Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fat spectrum

Academic literature on the topic 'Fat spectrum'

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Published: 19 April 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Fat spectrum"

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Yu, Huanzhou, Ann Shimakawa, Charles A. McKenzie, Ethan Brodsky, Jean H. Brittain, and Scott B. Reeder. "Multiecho water-fat separation and simultaneousR2* estimation with multifrequency fat spectrum modeling." Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 60, no. 5 (November 2008): 1122–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.21737.

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Naschitz, Jochanan. "Traumatic Panniculitis-the Spectrum." International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews 6, no. 5 (April 6, 2021): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-4861/106.

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Panniculitis, when induced by physical trauma or by chemical agents at injection sites, presents as indurated subcutaneous nodules or plaques. The clinical picture may vary, but the context makes usually the diagnosis easy. Three case histories from our department illustrate the spectrum of traumatic panniculitis: subcutaneous nodules at injection sites, a large subcutaneous mass disproportionate to mild trauma, and, at the other end of the spectrum, severe adipose tissue necrosis with liquefied fat discharging through surface wounds. Traumatic panniculitis is self-limiting and only requires symptomatic treatment.
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Wang, Xiaoke, Diego Hernando, and Scott B. Reeder. "Sensitivity of chemical shift-encoded fat quantification to calibration of fat MR spectrum." Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 75, no. 2 (April 4, 2015): 845–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.25681.

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Hogge, J. P., R. E. Robinson, C. M. Magnant, and R. A. Zuurbier. "The mammographic spectrum of fat necrosis of the breast." RadioGraphics 15, no. 6 (November 1995): 1347–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/radiographics.15.6.8577961.

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Rezaeimanesh, Nasim, Soodeh Razeghi Jahromi, Abdorreza Naser Moghadasi, Zeinab Ghorbani, Sharareh Eskandarieh, and Mohammad Ali Sahraian. "Animal Fat Plus Hydrogenated Fat in Association with Increased Odds of Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder." Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders 37 (January 2020): 101561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2019.11.036.

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Chen, Weitian, and Dimitrios C. Karampinos. "Chemical‐shift encoding–based water–fat separation with multifrequency fat spectrum modeling in spin‐lock MRI." Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 83, no. 5 (October 8, 2019): 1608–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrm.28026.

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Koeckerling, David, Jeremy W. Tomlinson, and Jeremy F. Cobbold. "Fighting liver fat." Endocrine Connections 9, no. 7 (July 2020): R173—R186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/ec-20-0174.

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a chronic liver disease which is closely associated with components of the metabolic syndrome. Its high clinical burden results from the growing prevalence, inherent cardiometabolic risk and potential of progressing to cirrhosis. Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease show variable rates of disease progression through a histological spectrum ranging from steatosis to steatohepatitis with or without fibrosis. The presence and severity of fibrosis are the most important prognostic factors in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. This necessitates risk stratification of patients by fibrosis stage using combinations of non-invasive methods, such as composite scoring systems and/or transient elastography. A multidisciplinary approach to treatment is advised, centred on amelioration of cardiometabolic risk through lifestyle and pharmacological interventions. Despite the current lack of licensed, liver-targeted pharmacotherapy, several promising agents are undergoing late-phase clinical trials to complement standard management in patients with advanced disease. This review summarises the current concepts in diagnosis and disease progression of non-alcoholic liver disease, focusing on pragmatic approaches to risk assessment and management in both primary and secondary care settings.
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Lyall, Kristen, Kassandra L. Munger, Éilis J. O'Reilly, Susan L. Santangelo, and Alberto Ascherio. "Maternal Dietary Fat Intake in Association With Autism Spectrum Disorders." American Journal of Epidemiology 178, no. 2 (June 27, 2013): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/aje/kws433.

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Davis, Derik L., and Prasann Vachhani. "Traumatic Extra-capsular and Intra-capsular Floating Fat: Fat-fluid Levels of the Knee Revisited." Journal of Clinical Imaging Science 5 (November 30, 2015): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2156-7514.170729.

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Floating fat is a sign of acute bone injury at the knee following trauma. The goal of this article is to review the etiology, patterns, and mimickers of extra-capsular and intra-capsular floating fat, with the major emphasis on knee trauma in the acute setting. We will discuss the spectrum of multimodal imaging findings for rare presentations of extra-capsular floating fat, and contrast these with common and atypical forms of intra-capsular lipohemarthrosis, as an aid to the assessment of acute bone trauma at the knee.
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Hamilton, Gavin, Takeshi Yokoo, Mark Bydder, Irene Cruite, Michael E. Schroeder, Claude B. Sirlin, and Michael S. Middleton. "In vivo characterization of the liver fat 1 H MR spectrum." NMR in Biomedicine 24, no. 7 (December 12, 2010): 784–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nbm.1622.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fat spectrum"

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An, Li. "Water-fat imaging and general chemical shift imaging with spectrum modeling." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0032/NQ38848.pdf.

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Daudé, Pierre. "Quantification du tissu adipeux épicardique à haut champ par IRM-Dixon, pour le phénotypage de la cardiomyopathie diabétique." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022AIXM0333.

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L’amélioration de la prise en charge des complications cardiaques dans les maladies métaboliques, obésité et diabète, est un enjeu majeur de notre société. La mesure du tissu adipeux épicardique (TAE), dépôt de graisse attaché au cœur, est un élément diagnostique émergent et prometteur pour identifier les patients à risque. Nous avons développé l’automatisation de cette mesure sur des images IRM de routine par apprentissage profond. Puis, une technique IRM innovante a été proposée pour mesurer et caractériser le TAE en 3D, réunissant : une acquisition en respiration libre, une reconstruction des images robuste au mouvement cardio-respiratoire et aux imperfections de l’IRM, un algorithme de caractérisation de la graisse optimisé et validé et la connaissance de la composition d’échantillons ex-vivo de TAE. L’ensemble permet la caractérisation in vivo et non-invasive du TAE, élément diagnostique novateur du risque cardio-métabolique
Improving the management of cardiac complications in metabolic diseases, obesity and diabetes, is a major challenge for our society. The measurement of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT), a fat depot attached to the heart, is an emerging and promising diagnosis to identify patients at risk. We developed the automation of this measurement on routine MRI images by deep learning. Then, an innovative MRI technique was proposed to measure and characterize the EAT in 3D, combining: a free-breathing acquisition, an image reconstruction robust to cardio-respiratory motion and MRI imperfections, an optimized and validated fat characterization algorithm and the knowledge of the composition of ex-vivo EAT samples. Together, this allows for in vivo, non-invasive characterization of EAT, a novel diagnosis for cardiometabolic risk
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Kharroubi, Hassane. "Étude du pouvoir réflecteur de monocristaux uniaxes et biaxes dans l'infrarouge lointain." Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN10108.

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L'étude du pouvoir réflecteur (r) et de la transmission (t) des milieux anisotropes et absorbants dans l'infrarouge lointain nous a conduit a présenter des expressions directement programmables des relations permettant la détermination des constantes optiques, l'indice de réfraction n et l'indice d'absorption k à partir des mesures expérimentales de r et de t. Nous avons établi les expressions des facteurs de réflexion et de transmission pour les deux polarisations possibles de l'onde, en fonction de l'angle d'incidence. L'étude est limitée au cas de la propagation d'une onde plane dans les plans principaux du cristal. Nous abordons ensuite le cas de la lame à faces parallèles qui représente physiquement nos échantillons. Les facteurs de réflexion et de transmission sont mesurés dans l'infrarouge lointain de 10 à 600 cm##1 en lumière polarisée pour des températures comprises entre 7 et 300 k. Pour cette étude nous avons choisi un cristal biaxe, le nitrite de sodium et deux cristaux uniaxes, la cassitérite et le quartz. La comparaison des résultats expérimentaux et des valeurs calculées nécessite la connaissance de la fonction diélectrique. Nous utilisons la forme factorisée de la fonction diélectrique. Les valeurs initiales des paramètres d'ajustage sont déterminées par une analyse de Kramers-Kronig du spectre de réflexion sous incidence normale. La mesure simultanée du pouvoir réflecteur et de la transmission de la lame nous permet d'apporter une correction pour déterminer la valeur vraie du pouvoir réflecteur des cristaux, valeur nécessaire pour les calculs de physique du solide
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Cheraghi, Parisa. "Fast and accurate spectrum sensing low signal noise ratio environment." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.581799.

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Opportunistic Spectrum Access (OSA) [1] promises tremendous gain in improving spectral efficiency. The main objective of OSA is to offer the ability of identifying and exploiting the under-utilised spectrum in an instantaneous manner in a wireless device, without any user intrusion. Hence, the initial requirement of any OSA device is the ability to perform spectrum sensing. Local narrow-band spectrum sensing has been quite well investigated in the literature. However, it is realised that existing schemes can hardly meet the requirements of a fast and accurate spectrum sensing particulariy in very low signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) range without introducing high complexity to the system. Furthermore, increase in the spectrum utilisation calls for spectrum sensing techniques that adopt an architecture to simultaneously search over multiple frequency sub-bands at a time. However, the literature of sub-band spectrum sensing is rather limited at this time. The main contributions of this thesis is two-fold: First a clusterd-based differential energy detection for local sensing of multi- carrier based system is proposed. The proposed approach can form fast and reliable decision of spectrum availability even in very low SNR environment. The underlying initiative of the proposed scheme is applying order statistics on the clustered differential Energy Spectral Density (ESD) in order to exploit the channel frequency diversity inherent in high data-rate communications. Second contribution is three-fold: 1) re-defining the objective of the sub- band level spectrum sensing device to a model estimator, 2) deriving the optimal model selection estimator for sub-band level spectrum sensing for fixed and variable number of users along with a sub-optimal solution based on Bayesian statistical modelling and 3) proposing a practical model selection estimator with relaxed sample size constraint and limited system knowledge for sub-band spectrum sensing applications in Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) systems. The result obtained showed that through exploitation of the channel frequency selectivity the performance of the stat-of-the-art spectrum sensing techniques can be significantly improved. Furthermore, by modelling the sub-band level spectrum sensing through model estimation allows for new spectrum sensing approach. It was proved both analytically and through simulations that the proposed approach have significantly extended to state-of-the-art spectrum sensing. Key words: Differential, energy detection, low signal-to- noise ratio (SNR), multi- carrier, opportunistic spectrum access, spectrum sensing.
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Abdel-Rahman, Mohammad Jamal. "Robust Cognitive Algorithms For Fast-Varying Spectrum-Agile Wireless Networks." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/338872.

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Wireless communications have experienced tremendous growth in the last decade, which has placed significant demand for RF spectrum, leading to spectrum "crunch." Driven by numerous studies that revealed the significant under-utilization of many licensed channels in the VHF and UHF bands, a new paradigm for spectrum sharing has emerged in the past decade. In this paradigm, wireless devices (a.k.a. secondary users) are allowed to operate opportunistically in certain licensed bands without interfering with the licensed users (a.k.a. primary users). The realization of this new communication paradigm necessitates the design of a new generation of smart, adaptable, and programmable radios, called cognitive radios. Enabling opportunistic operation requires addressing various challenges including device coordination, resource allocation, channel monitoring, and various security issues. Specifically, secondary users are particularly vulnerable to node compromise and malicious jamming attacks. In this dissertation, we first develop several rendezvous algorithms for establishing unicast as well as multicast communication links in opportunistic spectrum access networks. The developed rendezvous algorithms are shown to be robust to node compromise attacks. Second, we study the anti-jamming rendezvous problem in the presence of an insider attack. We develop a combinatorial game-theoretic framework to capture the interactions between the rendezvousing nodes and the insider jammer. Third, to account for the dynamism of primary users, we propose novel stochastic resource allocation schemes under channel-quality uncertainty. The proposed schemes support channel bonding and aggregation and account for adjacent channel interference by introducing guard-bands. Fourth, to prevent interference with primary users, we design an optimal spectrum-sensing algorithm that achieves high detection accuracy and low false-alarm rate. Finally, we present an application of using cognitive radios for jamming mitigation in satellite communications. Extensive simulations are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed algorithms.
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Li, King Fai. "Ultra-fast spectroscopy investigation on organic molecules two photon absorption." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2008. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/911.

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Bo, Zhang, Ren Yixun, Yang Dongkai, and Zhang Qishan. "FAST ACQUISITION ALGORITHM FOR HYBRID DS/FH RECEIVER." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/604569.

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ITC/USA 2007 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Third Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 22-25, 2007 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada
This paper introduced a fast scanning and waiting acquisition method for a DS/FH receiver used in the telemetry field. Mathematic model of the hybrid DS/FH system’s acquisition process is given and discussed. The average acquisition time expression using this method and generalized average acquisition time formula is derived also. The validity of the proposed algorithm is verified after simulation. In the circumstances of Additive Gauss White Noise for the channel, simulation result at Ec/N0= -15dB shows that the average acquisition time is decreased almost 4 times than that of waiting and searching method.
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Emmett, John Carter Alfred. "A standard neutron spectrum source of application to fast reactor physics." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312126.

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Jian-zhong, Qi, Gong Yan, and Song Peng. "Realization of Fast Acquisition for Spread Spectrum Signal Based on FFT." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/595763.

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ITC/USA 2011 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Seventh Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 24-27, 2011 / Bally's Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada
Acquisition based on Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) can acquire Pseudo-random code phase quickly and improve the performance of the satellite navigation receivers. In the paper Real-time receiver adopts the FPGA to realize the function of FFT and uses DSP processor to control the implementation process of Acquisition. For increasing the sensitivity of Acquisition incoherent accumulation were used in the process. Also, in the paper we have discussed the process method for decreasing the negative influence of signal power changes and carrier's Doppler frequency.
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Rosenthal, Glenn, and Thomas Salley. "USING THE FFT FOR DSP SPECTRUM ANALYSIS: A TELEMETRY ENGINEERING APPROACH." International Foundation for Telemetering, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/613797.

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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 29-November 02, 1990 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada
The Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) converts digitally sampled time domain data into the frequency domain. This paper will provide an advanced introduction for the telemetry engineer to basic FFT theory and then present and explain the different user preprocessing options that are available when using the FFT. These options include: using windowing functions, “zero filling” for frequency data interpolation, and setting the frequency resolution of the FFT resultant spectrum,
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Books on the topic "Fat spectrum"

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Waltar, Alan E., Donald R. Todd, and Pavel V. Tsvetkov, eds. Fast Spectrum Reactors. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9572-8.

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Waltar, Alan E., Donald R. Todd, and Pavel V. Tsvetkov. Fast spectrum reactors. New York: Springer, 2012.

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Autism spectrum disorders: Fact sheet. Atlanta, Ga.]: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, CDC, 2010.

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Center, Goddard Space Flight, ed. A far-wing line shape theory which satisfies the detailed balance principle. [Greenbelt, Md.]: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, 1995.

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The bipolar spectrum: Diagnosis or fad? New York, NY: Brunner-Routledge, 2012.

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Streissguth, Ann Pytkowicz. Understanding the occurrence of secondary disabilities in clients with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and fetal alcohol effects (FAE): Final report. Seattle, Wash: University of Washington School of Medicine, Dept. of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Fetal Alcohol and Drug Unit, 1996.

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Q, Ma, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Calculation of far wings of allowed spectra: The water continuum. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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H, Tipping R., and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Extension of the quasistatic far-wing line shape theory to multicomponent anisotropic potentials. [Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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Witte, Robert A. Spectrum and network measurements. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice Hall, 1993.

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Witte, Robert A. Spectrum and network measurements. Atlanta, Ga: Noble Pub. Corp., 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fat spectrum"

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Tsvetkov, Pavel, Alan Waltar, and Donald Todd. "Sustainable Development of Nuclear Energy and the Role of Fast Spectrum Reactors." In Fast Spectrum Reactors, 3–22. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9572-8_1.

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Waltar, Alan, and Donald Todd. "Core Thermal Hydraulics Design." In Fast Spectrum Reactors, 263–98. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9572-8_10.

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Raj, Baldev. "Core Materials." In Fast Spectrum Reactors, 299–363. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9572-8_11.

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Tsvetkov, Pavel, Alan Waltar, and Donald Todd. "Reactor Plant Systems." In Fast Spectrum Reactors, 365–407. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9572-8_12.

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Sackett, John. "General Safety Considerations." In Fast Spectrum Reactors, 411–26. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9572-8_13.

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Sackett, John. "Protected Transients." In Fast Spectrum Reactors, 427–49. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9572-8_14.

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Sackett, John. "Unprotected Transients." In Fast Spectrum Reactors, 451–63. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9572-8_15.

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Sackett, John. "Severe Accidents and Containment Considerations." In Fast Spectrum Reactors, 465–86. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9572-8_16.

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Weaver, Kevan. "Gas-Cooled Fast Reactors." In Fast Spectrum Reactors, 489–511. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9572-8_17.

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Sienicki, James. "Lead-Cooled Fast Reactors." In Fast Spectrum Reactors, 513–32. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9572-8_18.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fat spectrum"

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Rafibakhsh, Shahnoosh, and Sedigheh Deldar. "Coulombic contribution and fat center vortex model." In QUARK CONFINEMENT AND THE HADRON SPECTRUM VII: 7th Conference on Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum - QCHS7. AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2714466.

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Zhu, Weihua, Zhimin Zhao, Xin Guo, Lexin Wang, and Hui Chen. "Study on absorption spectrum of human high blood fat serum based on wavelet denoise." In Photonics Asia 2007, edited by Xingde Li, Qingming Luo, and Ying Gu. SPIE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.760161.

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Esmonde-White, Karen, I. Lewis, Mary Lewis, and Tory Woolf. "Raman spectroscopy as a tool for understanding oil or fat quality in food products." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/jyvx7273.

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Many natural and produced foods contain oils or fats, and their presence affects the product shelf life and sensory attributes. Analysis of oils or fats in these foods can be carried out using wet chemistry, chromatographic, or spectroscopic techniques. Molecular spectroscopic techniques of near-infrared, infrared, or Raman have the benefit of providing a non-destructive chemical and molecular structure analysis with the ability to measure oil or fat quality directly in a process or in the laboratory. Raman spectroscopy is a molecular spectroscopy technique that is highly specific, can measure in aqueous systems, and provides a multi-attribute measurement in a single probe. We provide an overview of the information provided by a Raman spectrum, including the presence of cis or trans isomers, fatty acid saturation, and polymorphic stability. An application example of Raman spectroscopy in dark and milk chocolate will be presented to showcase Raman's capability to measure qualitative and quantitative quality aspects of fats in a complex and highly fluorescent matrix. Our initial feasibility studies showed initial markers of cocoa butter quality that support additional studies with more samples.
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Dong, Lili, Mingxu Su, Minghua Xue, Xiaoshu Cai, and Zhitao Shang. "Measurement of Particle Size Distribution and Volume Concentration based on Ultrasonic Attenuation Spectrum in Fat Emulsion." In MULTIPHASE FLOW: THE ULTIMATE MEASUREMENT CHALLENGE: Proc.of The 5th Int. Symp. on Measurement Techniques for Multiphase Flows (5th ISMTMF); 2nd Int. Wrkshp.on Process Tomography (IWPT-2) (As a part of ISMTMF); 5th ISMTMF/IWPT-2, 2006-Macau/Zhuhai). AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2747495.

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Bista, D., A. Bista, P. Bhusal, and B. B. Chhetri. "OPTIMUM SPECTRUM OF LED LIGHTING FOR CULTURAL AND HERITAGE SITE: A CASE STUDY OF 15TH CENTURY WORLD HERITAGE SITE IN NEPAL." In CIE 2021 Conference. International Commission on Illumination, CIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25039/x48.2021.po05.

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Nepal houses several architecturally and culturally rich heritage sites and monuments. These sites are recognised globally and are of immense importance to the local and worldwide audience. The majority were constructed during the 15th to 18th century and were designed to incorporate oil or fat-based wick lamps for lighting. The intervention of modern electric lighting in these structures should be carried out without conceding cultural values, visual perception, and traditional outlook. However, in most sites, there are no lighting or unscientific lighting interventions which are inappropriate, unsurpassed, exaggerated, and unpleasant. The light source spectrum is an essential factor in enhancing the natural appearance, increasing luminance, reducing degradation of artefacts by photochemical action, and reducing power consumption. The study aims to characterise the white light spectrum for its appropriateness to enhance the optical parameters by observing the spectral reflectance of the building materials of these sites. The experiment uses RGB tunes LED light source to obtain white light of different SPD and CCT. Building materials from Bhaktapur Durbar Square and Tripureshwor Mahadev temple and light SPD with CCT in the range of 1735 to 7669 K were used for the study. The study thus makes recommendations for an appropriate spectrum of light sources for Nepal’s heritage sites and monuments based on the experimental findings.
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Gratton, Enrico, Sergio Fantini, Maria Angela Franceschini, Joshua B. Fishkin, and John S. Maier. "Near-Infrared Optical Spectroscopy of Tissues Using an LED Frequency Domain Spectrometer." In Advances in Optical Imaging and Photon Migration. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/aoipm.1994.opttm.278.

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We present a light emitting diode (LED) based spectroscopic method for application in highly scattering materials. Using an LED as a light source, frequency domain measurement and the diffusion model of photon migration, we measured the absorption spectrum of a chromophore (methylene blue) suspended in a highly scattering medium (1.54% solids content Liposyn fat emulsion). The resulting spectrum agrees both qualitatively and quantitatively with standard spectropho-tometric measurements obtained without the scattering. Finally, we enumerate reasons why LED-based frequency-domain techniques are very appropriate for medical applications.
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Eichenauer, Sabrina, Bernd Weber, and Ernst A. Stadlbauer. "Thermochemical Processing of Animal Fat and Meat and Bone Meal to Hydrocarbon Based Fuels." In ASME 2015 9th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2015 Power Conference, the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology, and the ASME 2015 Nuclear Forum. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2015-49197.

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The results of the study at hand may have implications for treatment of grease, lipid fractions, free fatty acids (FFA) and salts of FFA extracted from wastes of food industry, bio-refineries or sewage sludge as well as contaminated lipid containing forage. The goal of the study is, to prevent such contaminated wastes from entering the food chain. The following ways of treatment are proposed. Thermal conversion of waste fats from rendering plants or lipids in the presence of aluminosilicates of the zeolite family produce hydrocarbons with net calorific values in the range of 40–42 MJ/kg. NMR studies show aliphatic hydrocarbons as main product at T = 400°C. The spectrum of products is shifted to alkyl benzenes at T = 550°C. In case of sodium carbonate conversion is achieved in the presence of 5% water at T = 430 ± 20°C yielding mainly a liquid bio-crude with a low acid index, a mixture of non-condensable gases and minor amounts of coke. Rectification of bio-crude from animal fat produces 65.8% of hydrocarbon based bio-diesel and 13.3% of gasoline type hydrocarbons. Distillation curve for bio-diesel is in accordance with DIN EN 490. However, the gasoline fraction lacks low boiling hydrocarbons indicating the necessity for technical improvements of condensers. Sodium carbonate is found to be effective as well as being relatively inexpensive compared to zeolite catalysts. Finally, successful conversion of meat and bone meal to biochar is proved by solid-state 13C-NMR.
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8

Calkins, David J. "Invariant responses of opponent colors mechanisms." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1989.fa5.

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The threshold increment spectral sensitivity for a foveally presented 0.5-s raised cosine having blurred edges exhibits a Sloan notch which coincides with the wavelength of the adapting field and is typically 0.6 log units deep on a 578-nm field of 0.10 log quanta deg−2 s−1.1 In a previous abstract2 it was reported that the long-wave side of the Sloan notch pairs of suprathreshold stimuli of different wavelengths could be found that were indiscriminable. We have repeated and extended those results. A 650-nm standard test stimulus 0.3, 0.5, or 0.7 log units above threshold was paired with a randomly selected, variable intensity light of another wavelength between 600 and 670 nm, and the observer was forced to select the standard. For two observers it was possible to obtain complete action spectra of lights that could not be distinguished from the standard at the noted units above threshold. Truncated indiscriminability spectra were also obtained on the midwave side of the Sloan notch. In all cases the indiscriminability spectra were identical in form with the threshold action spectrum. Because the Sloan notch action spectrum is manifestly cone-antagonistic, it can be concluded that the indiscriminable stimuli are rendered so not at the quantum catch level, but rather at a proximal site where the antagonistic signals converge.
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Riza, Nabeel A., and Demetri Psaltis. "Optical disk based acousto-optic spectrum analysis." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1990.tuk5.

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This paper introduces optical disks in acousto-optic spectrum analyzers. In 2-D time and space integrating acousto-optic folded spectrum analyzers, electronic reference signals are used in the temporal spectral processing. In order to obtain complete folded spectrums, these reference signals have to be of extremely high timebandwidth product, and require extremely fast serial readout rates. It is difficult to generate these signals using electronics, and so far, only incomplete folded spectrums have been obtained. We address the signal generation problem by combining the angular motion, high storage capacity, and parallel access capability of optical disks. The disk is introduced as an optical distributed local oscillator generator and a light sampling 1-D spatial light modulator. The distributed local oscillator architecture forms the basis of a continuous wave 1-D time integrating spectrum analyzer. The reference signals are stored as concentric channels on the disk surface. When the disk spins with a constant angular velocity, each circular channel acts as a modulating light source with a specific on/off frequency. This angular motion creates an array of temporal oscillators along the radial direction of the disk. When the input test signal frequency matches one of the disk channel temporal frequencies, a positive build-up of charge occurs on the time integrating detector, indicating a frequency match. A simple disk system is demonstrated in the laboratory. The disk can also be used in a 2-D time and space integrating architecture, where radial sections of the disk are used for storing the columns of a DFT matrix used for temporal spectrum analysis.
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Faklis, Dean, and G. Michael Morris. "Spectral shifts produced by source correlations." In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1987.tui8.

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The spectrum of light emitted by a partially coherent source depends on the degree of spectral coherence across the source. Wolf1 has shown that, if the degree of spectral coherence at the source satisfies a certain scaling law, the normalized spectrum of light is the same throughout the far zone and is equal to the normalized spectrum at the source. If the spectral coherence function does not satisfy the scaling law, the spectrum of the emitted radiation detected some distance away from the source is generally different from that measured at the source. Recently Bocko et al.2 have observed frequency shifts of the spectrum detected in the far field of two appropriately correlated acoustical sources. We describe experiments in which frequency shifts of the optical spectrum detected in the far field of a planar secondary source are observed. In the experiments we use a Fourier achromat to generate a secondary source with a degree of spectral coherence that is independent of wavelength and, therefore, does not satisfy the scaling law. The spectrum detected in the far field of the source is found to depend on the spectrum at the source, the degree of spectral coherence at the source, and the location of the observation point.
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Reports on the topic "Fat spectrum"

1

Jin, Dachuan, Gao Peng, Shunqin Jin, Tao Zhou, Baoqiang Guo, and Guangming Li. Comparison of therapeutic effects of anti-diabetic drugs on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients without diabetes: A network meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.11.0014.

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Review question / Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of different anti-diabetic drugs in the treatment of non-diabetic non-alcoholic disease by network meta-analysis, and find the best intervention. Condition being studied: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) refers to the disease in which the liver fat content exceeds 5%, and excludes the secondary causes of alcohol, infection, drugs or other specific metabolic diseases. As a spectrum of disorders, it includes hepatocyte steatosis and steatohepatitis at the initial stage, liver fibrosis at the later stage, cirrhosis at the final stage, and even liver cancer. Nowadays Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most common chronic liver disease in the world with an incidence rate as high as 25% which has been rising steadily worldwide in the past 30 years. Currently there are still no approved specific therapeutic agents and global treatment guidelines for NAFLD. For non-diabetic NAFLD, there is far from a consensus, too.
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2

Gehin, Jess C., David Eugene Holcomb, George F. Flanagan, Bruce W. Patton, Rob L. Howard, and Thomas J. Harrison. Fast Spectrum Molten Salt Reactor Options. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), July 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1018987.

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McCallen, R. Power spectrum calculations using the fast Fourier transform. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/188886.

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Walker, Erik, Steve Skutnik, William Wieselquist, Alex Shaw, and Rike Bostelmann. SCALE Modeling of the Fast Spectrum Heat Pipe Reactor. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1871124.

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Walker, Erik, Steve Skutnik, William Wieselquist, Alex Shaw, and Rike Bostelmann. SCALE Modeling of the Fast Spectrum Heat Pipe Reactor. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1871124.

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Yang, Won Sik, C. S. Lin, J. S. Hader, T. K. Park, P. Deng, G. Yang, Y. S. Jung, T. K. Kim, and N. E. Stauff. Final Report on Two-Stage Fast Spectrum Fuel Cycle Options. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1239278.

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Youinou, Gilles J., Samuel E. Bays, and Giuseppe Palmiotti. Scoping Analysis of Sodium Cooled Fast Spectrum Test Reactor Cores. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1598332.

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Arm, Stuart, David Holcomb, Robert Howard, and Brian Riley. Status of Fast Spectrum Molten Salt Reactor Waste Management Practice. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1761520.

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Bess, John D., Margaret A. Marshall, J. Blair Briggs, Anatoli Tsiboulia, Yevgeniy Rozhikhin, and John T. Mihalczo. Fast Neutron Spectrum Potassium Worth for Space Power Reactor Design Validation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1178060.

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Downar, Thomas, Mujid Zazimi, and Bob Hill. Transient Safety Analysis of Fast Spectrum TRU Burning LWRs with Internal Blankets. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1183894.

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