To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Fat embolism.
Books on the topic 'Fat embolism'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 16 books for your research on the topic 'Fat embolism.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse books on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Soni, Neil. Assessment and management of fat embolism. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0337.
Full textAbstract:
Fat embolism syndrome is a complication of a range of conditions. It is hard to prevent, difficult to diagnose, and there is no specific effective treatment. The syndrome is composed of respiratory, haematological, neurological, and cutaneous symptoms and signs associated with trauma, in particular long bone fractures, and other disparate surgical and medical conditions. It most commonly follows orthopaedic surgery, but can also follow liposuction and medical conditions, as disparate as cardiopulmonary resuscitation and sickle cell disease are possible precipitants. The pathogenesis is still debated. It is clear that while fat emboli occur quite commonly, the clinical syndrome with respiratory, neurological, and other sequelae is rare. Diagnosis is by pattern recognition, but recently characteristic features seen on cerebral magnetic resonance imaging can be used to increase the probability of the diagnosis. Various therapeutic options have been tried and failed and treatment is currently supportive.
2
The pathophysiologic effects of fat embolism: A new animal model. Ottawa: National Library of Canada, 2002.
Find full text
3
Singer, Mervyn. Pathophysiology and causes of pulmonary embolism. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0170.
Full textAbstract:
Pulmonary embolus is predominantly due to thrombus breaking off from deep veins or from within the right heart, lodging within large or small vessels within the pulmonary vasculature, causing a variable degree of clinical features ranging from asymptomatic through to shock and cardiac arrest. Non-thrombotic causes include air or fat embolism. Outcome is predicated by the degree of right ventricular dysfunction. There are multiple risk factors including surgery, arrhythmias, prolonged immobility, venous stasis, pregnancy and an underlying pro-thrombotic tendency, either congenital or acquired. Numerous risk stratification scores have been developed derived from clinical features, imaging findings and biochemical markers of right ventricular strain and myocardial damage.
4
Wilson-MacDonald, James, and Andrew James. Complications of fractures. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550647.003.012002.
Full textAbstract:
♦ Fat embolism syndrome is defined as the presence of globules of fat in the lungs and in other tissues and occurs occasionally in long bone fractures♦ Reflex sympathetic dystrophy is characterized by intense prolonged pain, vasomotor disturbance, delayed functional recovery, and trophic changes♦ Avascular necrosis typically affects intra-articular bone after fracture and can occur in up to 70% of displaced talar neck fractures♦ Immobility associated with recovery from fracture is associated with deep vein thrombosis, which carries a risk of pulmonary embolism, and should be treated with anti-coagulants♦ Gas gangrene is a rapidly-spreading infection of devitalized tissue, removal of the affected area and treatment with penicillin is required♦ Compartment syndrome within a closed compartment can result in tissue ischaemia and necrosis followed by fibrosis and muscle contracture
5
Beed, Martin, Richard Sherman, and Ravi Mahajan. Breathing. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199696277.003.0003.
Full textAbstract:
Respiratory failureSevere hypercapniaComplications of mechanical ventilationSevere pneumoniaAspirationInhalational injuryAsthma/severe bronchospasmExacerbation of COPDAir trappingTension pneumothoraxMassive haemothoraxPulmonary haemorrhagePulmonary oedemaAcute respiratory distress syndromePulmonary embolism/fat embolismRespiratory failure occurs when air transfer in and out of the lungs is reduced, or when gas exchange within the lungs fails (due to shunt, VQ mismatch, or poor gas diffusion), resulting in either: ...
6
Griffiths, Richard, and Ralph Leighton. Orthopaedic surgery. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198719410.003.0018.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter discusses the anaesthetic management of orthopaedic surgery. It begins with general principles of the anaesthetic management of orthopaedic surgical patients, including the management of fat embolism syndrome, bone cement implantation syndrome, compartment syndrome, and the use of tourniquets. Surgical procedures covered include total hip joint replacement (including revision total hip joint replacement), femoral neck fracture surgery, total knee joint replacement, arthroscopy, cruciate ligament repair, ankle surgery, foot surgery, spinal surgery (including the cervical spine), shoulder surgery (including total shoulder joint replacement), elbow replacement surgery, hand surgery, and trauma, including fractures of limbs or spine.
7
Griffiths, Richard, and Ralph Leighton. Orthopaedic surgery. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198719410.003.0018_update_001.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter discusses the anaesthetic management of orthopaedic surgery. It begins with general principles of the anaesthetic management of orthopaedic surgical patients, including the management of fat embolism syndrome, bone cement implantation syndrome, compartment syndrome, and the use of tourniquets. Surgical procedures covered include total hip joint replacement (including revision total hip joint replacement), femoral neck fracture surgery, total knee joint replacement, arthroscopy, cruciate ligament repair, ankle surgery, foot surgery, spinal surgery (including the cervical spine), shoulder surgery (including total shoulder joint replacement), elbow replacement surgery, hand surgery, and trauma, including fractures of limbs or spine.
8
Adam, Sheila, Sue Osborne, and John Welch. Trauma and major haemorrhage. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199696260.003.0011.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter discusses the medical and nursing management of trauma patients from their initial assessment in the emergency department to their subsequent management in the critical care unit. Each section of the chapter covers a specific area of trauma and describes its underlying physiology, management, and associated complications. Injuries discussed include spinal, head, chest, cardiovascular, genitourinary, renal, abdominal, pelvic, musculoskeletal, burn injury, hypothermia, and drowning. Major complications, such as fat embolism syndrome, compartment syndrome, and rhabdomyolysis, are described in detail. The chapter also discusses the management of major haemorrhage and the complications of massive blood replacement therapy.
9
Sell, Alex, Paul Bhalla, and Sanjay Bajaj. Anaesthesia for orthopaedic and trauma surgery. Edited by Philip M. Hopkins. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0063.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter is divided into three main sections. The first section concerns the patient population that presents for orthopaedic surgery, specifically examining chronic diseases of the musculoskeletal system and the medications commonly used for their management, and the impact this has when these patients present for surgery. Included in this section are the surgical considerations and the anaesthetic implications of orthopaedic surgery, ranging from patient positioning to bone cement implant syndrome. The last part of this first section looks at specific orthopaedic operations, starting with the most commonly performed, hip and knee arthroplasties, and moving onto the specialist areas of spinal deformity, paediatric, and bone tumour surgery that are not usually found outside of specialist centres. The middle section gives a brief overview on analgesia concentrating on pharmacological methods as, although orthopaedic surgery lends itself well to regional anaesthesia, this is covered elsewhere in its own dedicated chapters. No section on analgesia would be complete without mentioning enhanced recovery: the coordinated, multidisciplinary approach that improves the patient experience, increases early mobilization, and reduces length of stay, which should be the standard obtained for every patient. The final section covers the anaesthetic management of in-hospital trauma, giving an overview on initial assessment, timing of surgery, and management of haemorrhage and coagulopathy. This section finishes by covering the orthopaedic-specific topics of compartment syndrome, fat embolism syndrome, and the management of fractured neck of femur and spinal injury.
10
Gray, Andrew C. Orthopaedic approach to the multiply injured patient. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199550647.003.012003.
Full textAbstract:
♦ Major trauma results in a systemic stress response proportional to both the degree of initial injury (1st hit) and the subsequent surgical treatment (2nd hit).♦ The key physiological processes of hypoxia, hypovolaemia, metabolic acidosis, fat embolism, coagulation and inflammation operate in synergy during the days after injury/surgery and their effective management determines prognosis.♦ The optimal timing and method of long bone fracture fixation after major trauma remains controversial. Two divergent views exist between definitive early intramedullary fixation and initial external fixation with delayed conversion to an intramedullary nail once the patient’s condition has been better stabilised.♦ There is agreement that the initial skeletal stabilisation should not be delayed and that the degree of initial injury has a more direct correlation with outcome and the development of subsequent systemic complications rather than the method of long bone fracture stabilisation.♦ Trauma patients can be screened to identify those more ‘at risk’ of developing systemic complications such as respiratory insufficiency. Specific risk factors include: A high injury severity score; the presence of a femoral fracture; the combination of blunt abdominal or thoracic injury combined with an extremity fracture; physiological compromise on admission and uncorrected metabolic acidosis prior to surgery.♦ The serum concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL) 6 may offer an accurate method of quantifying the degree of initial injury and the response to surgery.♦ The effective management of the polytraumatised patient involves a team approach and effective communication with allied specialties and theatre staff. A proper hierarchy of the injuries sustained can then be compiled and an effective surgical strategy made.
11
Launois, Sandrine H., and Patrick Lévy. Pulmonary disorders and sleep. Edited by Sudhansu Chokroverty, Luigi Ferini-Strambi, and Christopher Kennard. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199682003.003.0041.
Full textAbstract:
Sleep disorders and pulmonary diseases are closely associated, a fact clearly underestimated in routine patient care, despite evidence that these disorders interact to impact on quality of life as well as on morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of chronic insomnia, sleep-related breathing disorders, and restless leg syndrome is high in patients with chronic pulmonary disorders such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, interstitial lung disease, chest wall and neuromuscular disorders, and chronic respiratory failure. This association may be fortuitous and reflect the impact of a chronic condition on sleep quality, or it may be due to specific sleep-related phenomena adversely affecting an underlying pulmonary disorder. Furthermore, obstructive sleep apnea has been implicated as a risk factor for pulmonary hypertension and pulmonary embolism. This chapter outlines the implications for both pulmonary and sleep specialists, in terms of clinical management and treatment strategies.
12
Chiarandini, Paolo, and Giorgio Della Rocca. Post-operative ventilatory dysfunction management in the ICU. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0362.
Full textAbstract:
Alterations in respiratory function and gas exchanges are frequently seen in patients during anaesthesia and in the post-operative period. Mechanical ventilation and drugs such as neuromuscular blocking agents can alter normal function of the respiratory system and cause damage to lungs. Protective ventilation strategies should always be adopted intra-operatively in mechanically-ventilated patients. A neuromuscular monitoring-guided use of decurarizating agents and post-operative adequate analgesia techniques are recommended to avoid post-operative residual curarization and pain. Pneumonia is the most frequent infective complication, but at the moment there are no recommended clinical tools (scoring systems) to identify patients at high. A fast-track surgical approach and early can decrease the risk. Early mobilization and prophylactic low molecular weight heparins use have a well-documented efficacy on prevention of pulmonary embolism. There is still no general consensus on the widespread use of early NIV in post-operative patients, although in selected high-risk patients it could help respiratory recovery and reduce complications.
13
Jain, Shilpa, and Mark T. Gladwin. Sickle crisis in the critically ill. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0275.
Full textAbstract:
Sickle cell disease crises are precipitated by an acute occlusion of microvessels, which can lead to end organ ischaemia reperfusion injury and acute haemolysis. Acute fat emboli syndrome, acute lung injury (the acute chest syndrome), acute pulmonary hypertension, and cor pulmonale, haemorrhagic and occlusive stroke, and systemic infection represent the most common life-threatening complications observed in current ICU practice. General principles of management in all patients admitted to the critical care unit are hydration, antibiotics, pain control, and maintenance of oxygenation and ventilation. Red blood cell transfusion therapy is the treatment of choice for most complications of sickle cell disease requiring intensive care management. Transfusion of sickle negative, leukoreduced red blood cells, phenotypically matched for Rhesus and Kell antigens is the minimum standard of care in sickle cell disease patients as they have a high incidence of red blood cell alloimmunization.
14
Flachskampf, Frank A., Pavlos Myrianthefs, Ruxandra Beyer, and Pavlos M. Myrianthefs. Echocardiography and thoracic ultrasound. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0020.
Full textAbstract:
For the emergency management of cardiovascular disorders, echocardiography and thoracic ultrasound are indispensable imaging techniques at the bedside. In the intensive care environment, crucial questions, such as left and right ventricular function, valvular heart disease, volume status, aortic disease, cardiac infection, pleural effusion, pulmonary oedema, pneumothorax, and many others, can be sufficiently and reliably answered by using these techniques; in fact, it is almost impossible to manage patients with acute severe haemodynamic impairment reasonably well without a prompt and repeated access to echocardiography. This is confirmed by the prominent place that echocardiography has in the guideline-based diagnosis and treatment of all major cardiovascular emergencies, from acute heart failure to the acute coronary syndrome to pulmonary embolism, etc. Moreover, it is the ideal tool to follow the patient, since repeat examinations pose no risk to the patient and demand relatively little logistics and resources. To benefit from the wealth of information that echocardiography and thoracic ultrasound can provide, modern equipment (including a transoesophageal probe) and systematic training of echocardiographers must be ensured. The availability of prompt and experienced echocardiography and thoracic ultrasound services at all times is fundamental for sound contemporary cardiovascular intensive care.
15
Flachskampf, Frank A., Pavlos Myrianthefs, Ruxandra Beyer, and Pavlos M. Myrianthefs. Echocardiography and thoracic ultrasound. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0020_update_001.
Full textAbstract:
For the emergency management of cardiovascular disorders, echocardiography and thoracic ultrasound are indispensable imaging techniques at the bedside. In the intensive care environment, crucial questions, such as left and right ventricular function, valvular heart disease, volume status, aortic disease, cardiac infection, pleural effusion, pulmonary oedema, pneumothorax, and many others, can be sufficiently and reliably answered by using these techniques; in fact, it is almost impossible to manage patients with acute severe haemodynamic impairment reasonably well without a prompt and repeated access to echocardiography. This is confirmed by the prominent place that echocardiography has in the guideline-based diagnosis and treatment of all major cardiovascular emergencies, from acute heart failure to the acute coronary syndrome to pulmonary embolism, etc. Moreover, it is the ideal tool to follow the patient, since repeat examinations pose no risk to the patient and demand relatively little logistics and resources. To benefit from the wealth of information that echocardiography and thoracic ultrasound can provide, modern equipment (including a transoesophageal probe) and systematic training of echocardiographers must be ensured. The availability of prompt and experienced echocardiography and thoracic ultrasound services at all times is fundamental for sound contemporary cardiovascular intensive care.
16
Jackson, Lucy C. M. M. The Chorus of Drama in the Fourth Century BCE. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198844532.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
The Chorus of Drama in the Fourth Century BCE seeks to upend conventional thinking about the development of drama from the fifth to the fourth centuries. Set in the context of a theatre industry extending far beyond the confines of the City Dionysia and the city of Athens, the identity of choral performers and the significance of their contribution to the shape and meaning of drama in the later Classical period (c.400–323) as a whole is an intriguing and under-explored area of enquiry. Drawing together the fourth-century historical, material, dramatic, literary, and philosophical sources that attest to the activity and quality of dramatic choruses, the book provides a new way of talking and thinking about the choruses of drama after the deaths of Euripides and Sophocles. Having considered the positive evidence for dramatic choral activity, the book provides a radical rethinking of two oft-cited yet ill-understood phenomena that have traditionally supported the idea that the chorus of drama ‘declined’ in the fourth century: the inscription of χοροῦ μέλος in papyri and manuscripts in place of fully written-out choral odes, and Aristotle’s invocation of embolima (Poetics 1456a25–32). The book goes on to explore how influential fourth-century authors such as Plato, Demosthenes, and Xenophon, as well as artistic representations of choruses on fourth-century monuments, have had an important role in shaping later scholars’ understanding of the dramatic chorus throughout the Classical period. The book’s conclusions, too, have implications for the broader story we wish to tell about Attic drama, and its most enigmatic and fundamental element, the chorus.