Relevant bibliographies by topics / Fat composition

Academic literature on the topic 'Fat composition'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Fat composition"

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McCarty, M. F. "Dietary fat and body composition." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 68, no. 5 (November 1, 1998): 1144–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/68.5.1144.

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Jensen, Robert G., Ann M. Ferris, and Carol J. Lammi-Keefe. "The Composition of Milk Fat." Journal of Dairy Science 74, no. 9 (September 1991): 3228–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(91)78509-3.

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Lepilkina, О. V., V. A. Mordvinova, E. V. Topnikova, I. L. Ostroukhova, and E. S. Danilova. "IMPROVEMENT OF ORGANOLEPTIC INDICATORS OF CHEESE PRODUCTS BY CORRECTING FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF FAT PHASE." Food systems 3, no. 2 (July 14, 2020): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21323/2618-9771-2020-3-2-29-34.

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The aim of the study was to establish the possibility of improving the organoleptic characteristics of cheese products by introducing butyric acid into the composition of the used vegetable fat composition. Cheese products made using two fat compositions consisting of refined, deodorized vegetable fats, including those modified by interesterification, were studied. The experimental fat composition contained in its composition additional butyric acid added to the composition of triglycerides. The study of cheese products was carried out in the process of ripening and storage for 120 days in comparison with cheese, the fat phase of which is represented by milk fat. It was found that the degree of proteolysis, estimated by the ratio of total water-soluble nitrogen to total nitrogen, does not depend on the nature of the fat in the protein matrix. Milk fat in cheeses is more subjected to lipolysis than vegetable fats in cheese products. The addition of butyric acid to the vegetable composition in an amount of 0.8% increased the acidity of the fat phase by 0.1 mmol/100 g. According to the assessment of organoleptic characteristics, cheese with milk fat had the most pronounced cheese flavor and aroma, cheese product without butyric acid in fat phase had the least pronounced ones. A cheese product with a fat composition containing added butyric acid was close to cheese with milk fat in terms of the severity of cheese taste, rheological characteristics and the spectrum of volatile flavoring substances. It is concluded that the taste and aroma of cheese products have a positive effect on adjusting the fatty acid composition of vegetable fat compositions by introducing butyric acid into their composition.
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Palmquist, D. L., and F. L. Schanbacher. "Dietary fat composition influences fatty acid composition of milk fat globule membrane in lactating cows." Lipids 26, no. 9 (September 1991): 718–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02535620.

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Matveeva, T. A., and I. Y. Reznichenko. "ANALYSIS OF FAT-ACID COMPOSITION PHYTOSTEROL, MASS FAT IN BUTTER." Cheesemaking and buttermaking, no. 6 (2021): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.31515/2073-4018-2021-6-47-49.

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Ricketts, CD. "Fat preferences, dietary fat intake and body composition in children." European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 51, no. 11 (November 1997): 778–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600487.

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Dugan, M. E. R., V. Salazar, D. C. Rolland, P. Vahmani, J. L. Aalhus, Ó. López-Campos, N. Prieto, and M. Juárez. "Retail lamb fat composition in western Canada." Canadian Journal of Animal Science 99, no. 4 (December 1, 2019): 971–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2019-0003.

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The fatty acid composition of retail lamb backfat commonly available in Western Canada was analyzed, including 16 lambs collected from a slaughter plant in central Alberta, and backfat collected from racks and chops imported from Australia (n = 8) and New Zealand (n = 8). Lamb fat from New Zealand was the richest source of vaccenic and rumenic acids. Both New Zealand and Australian lamb were the richest source of n-3 fatty acids. North American lamb was richer in t10-18:1, but a subset had fatty acid compositions similar to New Zealand lamb.
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Minihane, Anne M. "Dietary fat composition and cardiovascular disease." Food Science Technology Bulletin: Functional Foods 3, no. 2 (May 22, 2006): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1616/1476-2137.14369.

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Softly, Billy J., An Shun Huang, John W. Finley, Matthew Petersheim, Ronald G. Yarger, Michael M. Chrysam, Robert L. Wieczorek, Michael S. Otterburn, Anne Manz, and Gareth J. Templeman. "Composition of representative SALATRIM fat preparations." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 42, no. 2 (February 1994): 461–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf00038a041.

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Morris, Martha Clare, and Christine C. Tangney. "Dietary fat composition and dementia risk." Neurobiology of Aging 35 (September 2014): S59—S64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.03.038.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Fat composition"

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Siebrits, FK, A. Makgekgenene, and Hugo A. "Effect of saponified high fat sunflower oilcake and lipoic acid on fat quality of lambs." South African Society for Animal Science, 2009. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001681.

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Abstract Sheep fat contains relatively high levels of saturated fatty acids while poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are toxic to cellulolytic bacteria and are also saturated in the rumen. Stabilization of residual oil in sunflower oilcake by conversion into calcium salts would be advantageous. Alpha lipoic acid acts as an anti-oxidant to ameliorate the effects of oxidative stress caused by high dietary levels of PUFA. Residual oil (14%) in mechanically extracted (expeller) sunflower oilcake (SFOC) was saponified in situ and compared in a complete feedlot diet (100 g crude protein and 31 g extractable fat/kg feed) with commercially extracted oilcake containing 2.4% residual oil (control diet with 29 g fat and 123 g crude protein kg feed) fed to four groups of 10 SA Mutton Merino weaner lambs (ca. 23 kg) for nine weeks. Both diets were fed either with, or without a weekly oral dosing of 500 mg α-lipoic acid. Fatty acid composition was determined on back fat samples while thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) were determined on samples of m. longissimus dorsi stored for zero and six months and displayed for six days. The back fat of the lambs on the saponified expeller SFOC diets contained significantly higher levels of saturated fatty acids and lower levels of mono-unsaturated fatty acids. PUFA were unaffected. High TBARS levels (>1.0) were found after six months storage. Non significant increases in TBARS were observed in the groups that received lipoic acid.
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Muñoz, Forcada Rebeca. "Biomarkers associated to fat content and composition in pigs." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/96941.

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La tesi es compon de tres estudis que es van realitzar amb la finalitat de disminuir el cost analític que suposa la determinació rutinària de la greix intramuscular (GIM) i de l'àcid oleic, així com d’investigar els mecanismes biològics de la deposició del greix. En el primer estudi, es va desenvolupar un mètode analític d'alt rendiment per a la quantificació de l'àcid oleic en carn de porc, mitjançant un sistema d'anàlisi per injecció de flux basat en una espectrometria de masses amb ionització per electrosprai. El nou mètode, que permet una quantificació ràpida del contingut en àcid oleic en mostres petites, podria ser adequat per a la classificació de porcs i canals pel seu contingut en àcid oleic. El segon estudi, avalua l'ús d'indicadors lipídics en sèrum com biomarcadors precoços de la composició i contingut del GIM i del greix subcutani. Cap dels indicadors lipídics investigats es recomanen com un biomarcador precoç del greix. En l’últim estudi, es va examinar l'efecte de la selecció contra greix dorsal a GIM constant sobre el patró d'expressió proteica hepàtica i la composició d'àcids grassos en fetge, múscul i greix subcutani . Es conclou, que el patró d'expressió proteica hepàtica en porcs està afectat per la selecció contra greix dorsal
La tesis se compone de tres estudios que se realizaron con el fin de disminuir el coste analítico que supone la determinación rutinaria de la grasa intramuscular (GIM) y del ácido oleico, así cómo de investigar los mecanismos biológicos de la deposición de la grasa. En el primer estudio se desarrolló un método analítico de alto rendimiento para la cuantificación del ácido oleíco en carne de cerdo usando un sistema de análisis por inyección de flujo basado en una espectrometría de masas con ionización por electrospray. El nuevo método, el cual permite una cuantificación rápida del contenido en oleico en muestras pequeñas, podría ser adecuado para la clasificación de cerdos y canales por su contenido en oleico. El segundo estudio evalúa el uso de indicadores lipídicos en suero cómo biomarcadores de la composición y contenido de la GIM y la grasa subcutánea a edades tempranas. Ninguno de los indicadores lipídicos investigados se recomiendan que se usen cómo un biomarcador precoz de la grasa. El último estudio examinó el efecto de la selección contra grasa dorsal a constante GIM sobre la expresión proteíca hepática, y la composición de ácidos grasos en hígado, músculo y grasa subcutánea. Se concluye que el patrón de expresión proteíca hepática en cerdos es afectada por la selección contra grasa dorsal.
The thesis comprises of three studies, with the aim at decreasing the cost of routinely intramuscular fat (IMF) and acid oleic determinations, as well as investigating the biological mechanisms of fat deposition. In the first study, it was developed a high-throughput analytical method for oleic fatty acid quantification in pork using a flow injection analysis system based on electrospray ionisation mass spectrometry. The new method, which allows for a rapid quantification of oleic content in small pork samples, may be used as a suitable method for ranking pigs and carcasses by oleic content. The second study assesses the usefulness of serum lipid indicators as early biomarkers of IMF and subcutaneous fat content and composition. None of the serum lipid indicators investigated is recommended to be used as an early biomarker of fatness. The last study examined the effect of selection against backfat thickness at constant IMF on hepatic protein expression and fatty acid composition in liver, muscle, and subcutaneous fat. It is concluded that hepatic protein expression pattern in pigs is affected by selection for decreased backfat thickness.
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Mounayar, Rana. "Oral fat sensitivity in humans : links with salivary composition." Thesis, Dijon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DIJOS074.

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La perception du gras chez l’homme est un phénomène complexe du fait de sa nature multi-sensorielle impliquant la perception de la texture, la perception aromatique mais également la perception gustative. Cette dernière a été suggérée après l’identification de récepteurs aux acides gras au niveau des bourgeons gustatifs. Par ailleurs, des études récentes ont montré que la sensibilité au gras est variable entre individus. Des facteurs génétiques ou environnementaux pourraient expliquer en partie cette variation interindividuelle. Cependant, la salive pourrait aussi jouer un rôle dans cette perception. En effet, elle contient des molécules capables d’interagir avec le gras comme la lipase et les lipocalines. C’est aussi un fluide complexe qui contient une large diversité de protéines et de métabolites. De plus, sa régulation est complexe et peut varier à la suite d’une stimulation. En effet, des études récentes ont montré que le protéome salivaire est modifié à la suite d’une stimulation par des molécules correspondant aux saveurs primaires. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif de ce travail était de déterminer dans un premier temps s’il existe des liens entre la composition salivaire et la sensibilité gustative à un acide gras libre: l’acide oléique. Le deuxième objectif était d’étudier les modifications de la composition salivaire à la suite d’une stimulation gustative par l’acide oléique. Pour ceci deux approches ont été utilisées: des approches ciblées (activité enzymatique, capacité antioxydante etc) et des approches non-ciblées (protéomique et métabolomique). Deux groupes de treize sujets (hyper et hyposensible au goût de l’acide oléique) ont été sélectionnés à partir d’un panel de 73 participants. Leur salive a été collectée au repos et après stimulation par l’acide oléique. Les résultats montrent que la composition de la salive au repos est liée à la sensibilité à l’acide oléique. En effet, des marqueurs liés à la perception du goût ont été identifiés au sein du groupe des hypersensibles (anhydrase carbonique, cystatines et zinc alpha 2 glycoprotéine), alors que des marqueurs pouvant indiquer une activité bactérienne élevée (acides organiques) ont été identifiés au sein du groupe des hyposensibles. Par ailleurs, la composition de la salive collectée après stimulation par l’acide oléique est également modifiée et ces modifications sont différentes pour les sujets hyper et hyposensibles à cette stimulation
Human fat perception has recently triggered particular interest as it was shown that it does not only involve aroma and texture perception but also taste perception. The latter was supported by the presence of free fatty acids (FFA) taste receptors on the tongue. Recent studies have shown that fat taste sensitivity is variable among individuals. This inter-individual variation could be linked to genetic or environmental factors. However, saliva could also play a role in this perception. The role of saliva in taste perception is increasingly recognized. Saliva contains molecules able of interacting with fat such as lipase and lipocalin. It is also a complex fluid which contains a large diversity of proteins and metabolites. Its regulation is also complex and its composition may vary after a sensory stimulation. Indeed, studies have shown that when giving primary taste stimulations, the whole salivary proteome is modified. Thus, the first aim of the present work was to use both targeted (enzymatic activity, antioxidant capacity etc) and untargeted approaches (proteomics and metabolomics) to identify links between taste sensitivity to a fatty acid, oleic acid, and the salivary composition. The second aim was to investigate whether the salivary composition is modified after an oral stimulation by oleic acid.Two groups of thirteen male subjects (highly and weakly sensitive to the taste of oleic acid) were selected from an initial panel of 73 healthy participants. Their whole saliva was collected in two ways; the first without stimulation in order to study the links between oral sensitivity to oleic acid and saliva composition and the second using a stimulation by the same fatty acid in order to study potential modifications of saliva composition depending on sensitivity. Results show that salivary composition is linked to oral fatty acid perception. Markers previously reported as associated to taste perception were determined in the highly sensitive group (carbonic anhydrase, Zinc Alpha 2 glycoprotein and cystatins) while markers (organic acids) indicating a higher bacterial load were identified in weakly sensitive group. Furthermore, results obtained after stimulation by oleic acid suggest that saliva composition is modified, which confirms its dynamic nature. As different modifications were observed for the highly and weakly sensitive group, our results suggest that saliva is not only modified after a stimulation but also depending on the sensitivity to that particular stimulation
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MacDonald, Elizabeth Z. "Validity and Reliability of a Photographic Method of Assessing Body Composition." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2016. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6010.

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The LeanScreenTM app uses photographs and touchscreen technology of an iPad or iPhone to estimate body composition using the Department of Defense (DoD) prediction equations that use cirumference measurements of the neck, abdomen, waist, and hips. The purpose of this study was to determine the validity and reliability of the LeanScreenTM app in 148 weight-stable adults (82 men, 66 women) who were normal weight, overweight, or obese as defined by body mass index. The percent body fat (%BF) of each subject was estimated during one visit using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometery (DXA) as the criterion measure, and three field methods: the LeanScreenTM app, manually measured circumferences, and an OMRON bioelectical impedance (BIA) device. The %BF of each subject was determined once using DXA. Each of two administrators assessed the %BF of each subject twice using the LeanScreenTM app, manually measured circumferences, and the OMRON BIA device. When using the LeanScreenTM app, administrators assessed body composition using photographs they had taken and the photographs taken by the other administrator. Validity was established by comparing estimates of %BF from the LeanScreenTM app, manually measured circumferences, and the OMRON BIA device to %BF values obtained from DXA. Inter- and intrarater reliability was determined using mutliple measurements taken by each of two administrators. The three field methods were compared to DXA using mixed model ANOVA and Bland-Altman analyses. Analysis of the data revealed that the LeanScreenTM app, manually measured circumferences, and the OMRON BIA device significantly underestimated (p < 0.05) the %BF determined by DXA by an average of -3.26 ± 3.57 %BF, -4.82 ± 3.45 %BF, and -8.45 ± 3.48 %BF, respectively. Limits of agreement (LOA) for the LeanScreenTM app (6.99 %BF), manually measured circumferences (6.76 %BF), and the OMRON BIA device (6.82 %BF) were large. Slopes of the line-of-best-fit through the data in the Bland-Altman plots indicate that bias of %BF estimates using the LeanScreenTM app (slope = 0.06; p = 0.008) and the OMRON BIA device (slope = 0.15; p < 0.0001) increased as %BF increased. For each method of assessment, minimal variance could be attributed to different administrators peforming the assessment and each administrator performing multiple assessments. All inter- and intrarater reliability coefficients of the LeanScreenTM app, manually measured circumferences, and OMRON BIA estimates of %BF exceeded 0.99. The results of this study indicate that all three field methods of body composition assessments were highly reliable, however, these field measures are not recommended for use in the assessments of %BF due to a significant bias and large limits of agreements.
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Bennoson, Janet. "The effect of manipulating the macronutrient composition of meals postprandial lipid metabolism." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310698.

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Niemann, McKayla Jean. "Strength Training and Insulin Resistance: The Mediating Role of Body Composition." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2020. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/9071.

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OBJECTIVE: The main objective of the present study was to assess the association between varying amounts of strength training and insulin resistance. Another goal was to assess the influence of several potential confounding variables on the strength training and insulin resistance relationship. Lastly, the role of waist circumference, fat free mass, and body fat percentage on the association between strength training and insulin resistance was assessed. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 6561 randomly selected men and women in the US. Data were collected using the precise protocol established by NHANES. HOMA-IR was used as the outcome variable. Both time spent strength training and frequency of strength training bouts were used as exposure variables. RESULTS: There was not a statistically significant relationship between strength training and insulin resistance in women. However, after controlling for 10 potential confounding variables, men who reported no strength training had significantly higher levels of HOMA-IR compared to men who reported moderate or high levels of strength training (F = 9.87, P < 0.0001). Odds ratios were also assessed, and 10 potential confounding variables were controlled. Men reporting no strength training had 2.42 times the odds of having insulin resistance compared to men reporting moderate levels of strength training (95% CI: 1.19 to 4.93). Similarly, men reporting no strength training had 2.50 times the odds of having insulin resistance compared to men reporting high levels of strength training (95% CI: 1.25 to 5.00). CONCLUSION: There was a strong relationship between strength training and insulin resistance in US men, but not in US women. Differences in waist circumference, fat free mass, and body fat percentage, as well as demographic and lifestyle measures, do not appear to mediate the relationship.
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Morgan, Helen M. "A gamma-ray backscattering technique for in vivo body composition studies." Thesis, University of Bath, 2001. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340992.

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Gol, i. Parera Sofia. "Genetic biomarkers for fat content and fatty acid composition in pork." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667462.

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Aquesta tesi doctoral forma part d'una línia de recerca sobre la millora genètica de la qualitat de la carn en porcí. Un dels recents objectius inclòs en algunes línies paternes seleccionades per mercats de qualitat és aconseguir un nivell òptim de greix intramuscular i de composició en àcids grassos sense penalitzar el rendiment magre. Aquesta tesi està formada per quatre estudis realitzats en una línia pura de porcs Duroc destinats a la producció de càrnics d'alta qualitat. Els estudis es van dissenyar amb l'objectiu d'entendre millor la variabilitat genètica subjactent al contingut de greix i a la composició en àcids grassos i d’identificar marcadors potencials a la selecció. El primer estudi va examinar els paràmetres genètics de la ruta de l'àcid linoleic (C18:2) a l'àcid araquidònic (C20:4). En particular, es va demostrar que s’espera que la selecció pel valor absolut de C18:2 proporcioni una resposta a la selecció similar a la selecció pel greix intramuscular a greix dorsal restringit. Aquests resultats van conduir a investigar el gen de la desaturasa-2 dels àcids grassos (FADS2), com a gen candidat per a la ruta metabòlica de C18:2. Així, el segon estudi va avaluar els efectes d'una variant (el polimorfisme rs321384923 es va utilitzar com a marcador) al promotor del gen FADS2. Els resultats van demostrar que aquest polimorfisme afecta el perfil d'àcids grassos n-6 millorant l'eficiència de desaturació de C18:2 a C20:4. Addicionalment, es va avaluar l'associació dels gens de les perilipines (PLIN) i del gen de la proteína d’unió al guanilat 1 (GBP1) amb caràcters de creixement i de qualitat de la carn. Així, el tercer estudi va examinar els efectes de dos polimorfismes als gens PLIN1 i PLIN2, relacionats amb l'emmagatzematge i la mobilització de lípids. Els resultats indiquen que el polimorfisme rs333231747 a PLIN2 està associat al creixement primerenc i al pes magre. L'últim estudi va demostrar que GBP1 té dos senyals de poliadenilació actius i que el seu ús depèn del genotip rs80800372. Els porcs portadors de l'al·lel G, associat a una menor viremia després de la infecció pel virus reproductiu i respiratori porcí, van tenir transcripcions més llargues i una menor expressió gènica. En condicions no epidèmiques, l'al·lel G va augmentar el contingut de greix intramuscular, però va disminuir el pes magre. El contingut de C18:2 i els marcadors genètics investigats es poden utilitzar per dissenyar estratègies de selecció adequades per millorar la qualitat de la carn i el creixement magre.
Esta tesis doctoral es parte de una línea de investigación sobre la mejora genética de la calidad de la carne en porcino. Uno de los recientes objetivos incluido en algunas líneas paternas seleccionadas para mercados de calidad es lograr un nivel óptimo de grasa intramuscular y de composición en ácidos grasos sin penalizar el crecimiento magro. Esta tesis comprende cuatro estudios realizados en una línea pura de cerdos Duroc destinados a la producción de cárnicos de alta calidad. Los experimentos se diseñaron con el objetivo de comprender mejor la variabilidad genética subyacente en el contenido de grasa y la composición en ácidos grasos e identificar marcadores potenciales a la selección. El primer estudio examinó los parámetros genéticos de la ruta del ácido linoleico (C18:2) al ácido araquidónico (C20:4). En particular, se demostró que se espera que la selección del valor absoluto de C18:2 proporcione una respuesta similar a la selección por grasa intramuscular a grasa dorsal restringida. Estos hallazgos llevaron a investigar el gen de la desaturasa-2 de los ácidos grasos (FADS2), como gen candidato para la ruta del C18:2. Por lo tanto, el segundo estudio evaluó los efectos de una variante (el polimorfismo rs321384923 se usó como marcador) en el promotor del gen FADS2. Los resultados mostraron que este polimorfismo afecta el perfil de ácidos grasos n-6 al aumentar la eficiencia de desaturación de C18:2 a C20:4. Además, se evaluó la asociación de los genes de las perilipinas (PLIN) y el gen de la proteína de unión a guanilato 1 (GBP1) con caracteres de crecimiento y de calidad de la carne. De este modo, el tercer estudio examinó los efectos de dos polimorfismos en PLIN1 y PLIN2, relacionados con la deposición y la movilización de lípidos. Los resultados indicaron que el polimorfismo rs333231747 en PLIN2 se asocia con el crecimiento temprano y con el peso magro. El último estudio mostró que GBP1 tiene dos señales de poliadenilación activas y que su uso depende del genotipo rs80800372. Los cerdos portadores del alelo G, asociado con una menor viremia después de la infección por el virus reproductivo y respiratorio porcino, tenían transcritos más largos y una menor expresión génica. En condiciones no epidémicas, el alelo G aumentó el contenido de grasa intramuscular pero disminuyó el peso magro. El contenido de C18:2 y los marcadores genéticos investigados se pueden usar para diseñar estrategias de selección adecuadas para mejorar la calidad de la carne y el crecimiento magro.
This PhD dissertation is part of a research line on the genetic improvement of pork quality. One of the latest goals to be included in some sire lines selected for premium markets is to achieve an optimum level of intramuscular fat and fatty acid composition without penalizing lean growth performance. This thesis is comprised of four studies conducted on a purebred Duroc line used for producing high-quality meat products. The experiments were designed with the aim to better understand the genetic variability underlying fat content and fatty acid compostion and to identify potential markers for breeding. The first study examined the genetic parameters of the linoleic acid (C18:2) to arachidonic acid (C20:4) pathway. In particular, it was showed that selection for the absolute value of C18:2 is expected to deliver a similar response outcome as selection for intramuscular fat at restrained backfat thickness. These findings led to investigate the fatty acid desaturase-2 (FADS2) gene, as a candidate gene for C18:2 metabolism route. Thus, the second study evaluated the effects of a variant (rs321384923 was used as a tag single nucleotide polymorphism) in the promoter of the FADS2 gene. Results showed that this polymorphism affects the n-6 fatty acid profile by enhancing the desaturation efficiency of C18:2 to C20:4. Additionally, the association of perilipin (PLIN) genes and guanylate-binding protein-1 (GBP1) gene with growth and meat quality traits was assessed. Thus, the third study examined the effects of two polymorphisms in PLIN1 and PLIN2, which have been related to lipid storage and mobilization. Results indicated that the rs333231747 polymorphism on PLIN2 is associated to early growth and lean weight. The last study showed that GBP1 has two active polyadenylation signals and that their usage depends on the rs80800372 genotype. The pigs carrying the G allele, which has been associated with lower viraemia after porcine reproductive and respiratory virus infection, had longer transcripts and lower gene expression. In non-epidemic conditions, the G allele increased intramuscular fat content but decreased lean weight. Linoleic acid content and the investigated genetic markers can be used to design appropriate selection strategies to enhance meat quality and lean growth.
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McCormick, Sara Elizabeth. "Influence of dietary saturated fat and diet composition on macronutrient selection." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0006/MQ45545.pdf.

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Johnson, Kelly Eugene. "A Validation of a Handheld Ultrasound Device to Assess Body Composition in College-Aged Adults." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1362846764.

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Books on the topic "Fat composition"

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Bernie, Piscatella, ed. The fat tooth restaurant & fast-food fat-gram counter. New York: Workman Pub., 1993.

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Hatfield, Frederick C. Fat loss and nutrition. Woodland Hills, CA: Weider Health & Fitness, 1990.

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Martin, Katahn, ed. The low-fat fast food guide. New York: W.W. Norton & Co., 2000.

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Densie, Webb, ed. Fat-fighting foods: Low-fat foods for a healthier you. Lincolnwood, Ill: Publications International, 1996.

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All new fat-fighting foods: Low-fat foods for a healthier you. Lincolnwood, Ill: Publications International, 2002.

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Bienertová-Vašků, Julie. Body fat: Composition, measurements, and reduction procedures. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science, 2011.

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Bailey, Covert. Fit or fat? London: Sphere, 1985.

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Doner, Kalia. The restaurant lovers' fat gram counter. New York: Berkley Books, 1995.

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Parsonnet, Mia. What's in our food: Fact and fiction about fat and fiber, vitamins and minerals, nutrients and contaminants. Lanham, Md: Madison Books, 1996.

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The New Zealand fat and fibre counter. Auckland, N.Z: Viking, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Fat composition"

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Forbes, Gilbert B. "The Companionship of Lean and Fat." In Human Body Composition, 1–14. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1268-8_1.

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Ryde, Simon J. S., D. Walter Thomas, John L. Birks, Parvaiz A. Ali, Neville H. Saunders, Said Al-Zeibak, and Wynford D. Morgan. "Assessment of Body Fat: A Comparison of Techniques." In Human Body Composition, 59–62. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1268-8_11.

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Hargrove, James L. "Diet Composition and Fat Balance." In Dynamic Modeling in the Health Sciences, 219–37. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-1644-5_21.

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Wellens, Rita, Alex F. Roche, Shumei Guo, William C. Chumlea, and Roger M. Siervogel. "Fat-Free Mass and Percent Body Fat Assessments by Dual-Energy X-ray Absorptiometry, Densitometry and Total Body Water." In Human Body Composition, 71–74. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1268-8_14.

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Friedl, Col Karl E. "Mathematical Modeling of Anthropometrically Based Body Fat for Military Health and Performance Applications." In Body Composition, 285–306. Boca Raton : Taylor & Francis, 2017.: CRC Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781351260008-13.

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Chan, Gary M., and H. Zhang. "Bone Status and Body Fat of Healthy Newborn Caucasian Infants." In Human Body Composition, 161–64. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1268-8_36.

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Hoover, Loretta W., Evan J. Boote, Alan E. Hillard, Tom R. Thomas, Jeffre D. Firman, John E. Hewett, and John W. Gay. "Abdominal Fat Assessment in Postmenopausal Women Receiving Hormone Replacement Therapy." In Human Body Composition, 215–18. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1268-8_49.

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Williams, Daniel P., Scott B. Going, Michael P. Massett, Timothy G. Lohman, Lisa A. Bare, and Michael J. Hewitt. "Aqueous and Mineral Fractions of the Fat-Free Body and Their Relation to Body Fat Estimates in Men and Women Aged 49–82 Years." In Human Body Composition, 109–13. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1268-8_25.

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Wang, Jack, F. Avraham Dilmanian, John Thornton, Mary Russell, Santiago Burastero, Manolo Mazariegos, Steven B. Heymsfield, and Richard N. Pierson. "In Vivo Neutron Activation Analysis for Body Fat: Comparisons by Seven Methods." In Human Body Composition, 31–34. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1268-8_5.

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Armellini, Fabio, Mauro Zamboni, Laura Rigo, Rossana Robbi, Tiziana Todesco, Sergia Castelli, Antonietta Mino, Luisa Bissoli, Emanuela Turcato, and Ottavio Bosello. "Measurements of Intra-Abdominal Fat by Ultrasound and Computed Tomography: Predictive Equations in Women." In Human Body Composition, 75–77. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1268-8_15.

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Conference papers on the topic "Fat composition"

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Tang, Hao-Yen, Yipeng Lu, Stephanie Fung, David A. Horsley, and Bernhard E. Boser. "11.8 Integrated ultrasonic system for measuring body-fat composition." In 2015 IEEE International Solid- State Circuits Conference - (ISSCC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isscc.2015.7063000.

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Ilinova, Bogdana. "BODY COMPOSITION AND SOMATOTYPE OF ERASMUS STUDENTS." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONGRESS “APPLIED SPORTS SCIENCES”. Scientific Publishing House NSA Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37393/icass2022/75.

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ABSTRACT The present study aims to investigate the body composition and somatotype of students from several European countries, who study Sports Sciences or Physical Education in their countries and were in Bulgaria, in the National Sports Academy like incoming participants in the Educational Program Erasmus. They all practice different sports at an amateur level. Material and Methodology: An anthropometric investigation of 30 male and 20 female students was done. It included the following parameters height (cm), weight (kg), body circumferences of arms and legs (cm), skinfolds (mm), and bone diameters (cm) with corresponding certified devices. Over the measured features composed parameters, characterizing body composition were calculated- a percentage of body fat (%), absolute quantity of fat tissue (kg), lean body mass (kg), an absolute quantity of muscle mass (kg), muscular circumferences of arm and tight (cm) and Body Mass Index (BMI). The somatotype of the students was defined by the Heath-Carter method. The data were compared with those of Bulgarian and Greek students studying similar disciplines- Sports Sciences and Physical Education. Conclusion: The results in concern of the % of body fat tissue seem to be similar between those of Erasmus and Bulgarian students in males (about 12%) and a little bit different in females (15-20%). Somatotypologic characteristics mark higher value in the mesomorphic component in both Erasmus and Bulgarian students.
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Mohamed, Passant, Vinay A. Duddalwar, Suzanne Palmer, and Darryl H. Hwang. "MR fat segmentation and quantification for abdominal volumetric and composition analysis." In 14th International Symposium on Medical Information Processing and Analysis, edited by Eduardo Romero, Natasha Lepore, and Jorge Brieva. SPIE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2513713.

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Schipke, J., D. Jütte, C. Brandenberger, C. Autilio, J. Perez-Gil, W. Bernhard, M. Ochs, and C. Mühlfeld. "Dietary Intake of Carbohydrates or Fat Differentially Affects Surfactant Lipid Composition." In American Thoracic Society 2020 International Conference, May 15-20, 2020 - Philadelphia, PA. American Thoracic Society, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2020.201.1_meetingabstracts.a4440.

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Sofková, Tereza, and Michaela Hřivnová. "Health Promotion by Physical Activity in Relation to Body Composition." In Život ve zdraví 2021. Brno: Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p280-0076-2021-9.

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Regular physical activity is a natural tool in weight control. Appropriate indicators for conclusive evidence of somatic condition are individual body components. Our research objective was to analyse selected body composition fractions in relation to meeting recommended physical activity in young adult females. 258 women participated in our study; women were divided into two groups according to the physical activity level achieved, either meeting or not meeting the recommended physical activity level in terms of intensity (moderate physical activity, 3 to 5.99 MET) and level (≥ 150 min/week). To determine the physical activity parameters, namely the level and intensity within one week and average daily number of steps, ActiGraph GT1M Accelerometer was used. Direct Multi-frequency Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis Method (DSM-BIA Method) using InBody 720 Body Composition Analyser was used to determine body composition parameters. The differences between the groups according to the physical activity level reached were statistically insignificant for the selected body composition fractions we investigated. Lower relative risk of damage to health as measured by the somatic indices (body mass index: BMI, body fat mass index: BFMI) was observed in women carrying out moderate physical activity level (MPA, 3 to 5.99 MET), i.e. 150 to 300 minutes. In the assessment of habitual recommended physical activity level, the women were classified either as active or women with typical daily activities. Research study verified positive relationship between meeting the recommended physical activity level and its impact on health risk indicators, namely lowering body fat mass index (BFMI), lowering body fat (BFP, BFM) and smaller visceral fat area (VFA). Positive approach to the physical activity may lead to the decrease in number of health problems associated with excess weight and obesity in later age.
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Delmonte, Pierluigi, Andrea Milani, and Sarah Prebihalo. "Detection of partially hydrogenated vegetable oils in food products based on fatty acid composition." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/uova4161.

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Partially hydrogenated oils (PHO), the products of incomplete hydrogenation of edible oils with hydrogen gas in the presence of a catalyzer, were originally introduced into food commerce more than a century ago. Over the years, PHOs became the preferred choice for many food applications, as their production techniques and composition were optimized to meet specific technological, and stability demands. Since the beginning of the current century, several countries adopted regulations aimed to curtail the dietary intake of PHOs. To date, no method is available for the detection of PHOs in commercial fats and oils. While the presence of high amounts of trans fatty acids may be correlated with the presence of a PHO, particularly for trans-octadecenoic fatty acids, low trans-fat PHO may also be present in the marketplace. In this study, we evaluated which fatty acids or combination of fatty acids may be used as markers to detect the presence of a PHO in commercial fats or oils. The possibility of detecting the presence of a PHO (product of chemical hydrogenation) in presence of a dairy fat (product of biohydrogenation) is also discussed.
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Panayotova, Veselina, and Mona Stancheva. "FAT SOLUBLE VITAMINS AND FATTY ACIDS COMPOSITION OF BLACK SEA CYSTOSEIRA BARBATA." In CBU International Conference on Integration and Innovation in Science and Education. Central Bohemia University, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.2013.58.

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Strauss, Temima, Kiran Nandalike, Sanghun Sin, and Raanan Arens. "Upper Airway Structure And Body Fat Composition In Obese Adolescents With PCOS." In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a3697.

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Averina, I. P., A. D. Zhak, and M. N. Tsyhanenka. "THE INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON THE PHYSIOLOGICAL COMPOSITION OF THE BODY OF STUDENTS." In SAKHAROV READINGS 2021: ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS OF THE XXI CENTURY. International Sakharov Environmental Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/sakh-2021-1-105-107.

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The regulation of the composition and weight of the body, or rather the reduction of the percentage of fat in the body, is one of the main incentives for physical education. The absence of excessive fat deposits, well-developed muscles, lightness, beauty of movements, etc., which are the most important indicators of physical health, are also associated with the regulation of body composition and weight. Therefore, we pay a lot of attention to this problem in the practical work of a physical education teacher.
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Kaffel, Dhia, selma bouden, Kaouther Maatallah, Nahaline Abaza, Hend Riahi, Wafa Hamdi, and Mohamed Montacer Kchir. "AB0715 ASSESSMENT OF BODY COMPOSITION IN LEAN MASS AND FAT MASS IN SPONDYLOARTHRITIS." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, EULAR 2019, Madrid, 12–15 June 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-eular.5450.

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Reports on the topic "Fat composition"

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Rouse, Gene H., Richard G. Tait, M. Anderson, and Abebe Hassen. Body Composition Changes in Bulls from Weaning Age to Yearling Age: Muscle Fat Deposition. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/farmprogressreports-180814-485.

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Tait, Richard G., Gene H. Rouse, Dennis R. Maxwell, M. L. Spangler, and P. B. Wall. A Comparison of Serially Scanned Replacement and Feedlot Angus Sired Heifers for Body Composition Traits: Ribeye Area, Fat Cover, and Percent Intramuscular Fat. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-589.

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Liechti, Melanie, Massimo Menegon, Alexander Schurz, Nathanael Lutz, and Jan Taeymans. Association between pain intensity and body composition in adults with chronic low back pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.12.0064.

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Review question / Objective: Is there an association between pain intensity and body composition in chronic low back pain patients? Condition being studied: Evaluation of adults with chronic non-specific low back pain and the association between pain intensity and body composition, including measures of body mass index, waist circumference, waist hip ratio, fat mass, fat distribution or adipose tissue. Information sources: Pubmed, CINAHL, Embase, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science. Google Scholar will be used for grey literature. No trail registers will be screened.
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Testroet, Eric D., Mathew R. O'Neil, Andrew L. Mueller, Donald C. Beitz, and Stephanie Clark. Feeding Lactating Holstein Dairy Cows Reduced-Fat Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles: Milk Composition and Feed Efficiency. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-310.

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Burkett, Jeremy, Thomas J. Baas, Donald C. Beitz, Clint R. Schwab, Nick Berry, and Shu Zhang. Correlated Response in Fatty Acid Composition after Five Generations of Selection for Intramuscular Fat in Duroc Pigs. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-597.

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Veldkamp, T., T. Schamp, J. van Harn, R. Dekker, M. Sosef, and A. J. M. Jansman. Effect of iso-energetic exchange of dietary fat and starch on growth performance and body composition of broilers : Experiment 1. Wageningen: Wageningen UR Livestock Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/429934.

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Veldkamp, T., R. Dekker, A. Smit-Heinsbroek, A. van der Lee, and A. J. M. Jansman. Effect of iso-energetic exchange of dietary fat and starch on growth performance and body composition of broilers : Experiment 2. Wageningen: Wageningen UR Livestock Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/429935.

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Erdman, Richard, Geoffrey Dahl, Hanina Barash, Israel Bruckental, Avi Shamay, and Anthony Capuco. Management Strategies to Maximize Skeletal Growth Rate in Dairy Heifers. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7695848.bard.

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The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of recombinant bovine somatotropin (bST) and added dietary rumen undegradable protein (RUP) on organ and tissue weights and body composition in growing dairy heifers. A total of 32 Holstein heifers, 3 months of age at the beginning of the study were used in the experiment. Eight heifers were slaughtered at 3 mo of age to determine pre- treatment body composition. The remaining heifers were randomly assigned to treatments (n=6) consisting of 0.1 mg/kg body weight per day of bST and 2% added dietary RUP (dry matter basis) applied in a 2X2 factorial design. A total of six heifers per treatment group (3 each at 5 and 10 mo of age), were slaughtered to determine body composition an organ masses. There was a trend for increased live and empty body weights (EB:W), carcass and non-carcass components for heifers treated with bST or fed RUP. Added RUP increased rumen and reticulum weights whereas administration of bST tended to increase the weights of small and large intestine at 10 months of age by 22 % and 26%, respectively. Spleen, heart, and kidney weights at 10 months of age were increased 36%, 28% and 23% for bST treatments respectively, compared with controls. Rates of ash and protein deposition between 3 and 10 months of age were increased by bST by 7.2 g/d and 28.9 g/d, respectively, while no treatment differences were observed for rates of fat and energy deposition. Bovine somatotropin significantly altered the metabolism of growing heifers in a manner that led to increased protein and ash deposition, and tended to reduce fat percentage, and there was a similar tendency observed with added RUP. This suggests that nutritional and endocrine manipulations could increase growth rates of skeletal and lean tissues without increasing fat deposition in prepubertal dairy heifers.
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Butler, Walter R., Uzi Moallem, Amichai Arieli, Robert O. Gilbert, and David Sklan. Peripartum dietary supplementation to enhance fertility in high yielding dairy cows. United States Department of Agriculture, April 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2007.7587723.bard.

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Objectives of the project: To evaluate the effects of a glucogenic supplement during the peripartum transition period on insulin, hepatic triglyceride accumulation, interval to first ovulation, and progesterone profile in dairy cows. To compare benefits of supplemental fats differing in fatty acid composition and fed prepartum on hepatic triglyceride accumulation, interval to first ovulation, progesterone profile, and uterine prostaglandin production in lactating dairy cows. To assess the differential and carry-over effects of glucogenic and fat supplements fed to peripartum dairy cows on steroidogenesis and fatty acids in ovarian follicles. To determine the carry-over effects of peripartum glucogenic or fat supplements on fertility in high producing dairy cows (modified in year 3 to Israel only). Added during year 3 of project: To assess the activity of genes related to hepatic lipid oxidation and gluconeogenesis following dietary supplementation (USA only). Background: High milk yields in dairy cattle are generally associated with poor reproductive performance. Low fertility results from negative energy balance (NEBAL) of early lactation that delays resumption of ovarian cycles and exerts other carryover effects. During NEBAL, ovulation of ovarian follicles is compromised by low availability of insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), but fatty acid mobilization from body stores is augmented. Liver function during NEBAL is linked to the resumption of ovulation and fertility: 1) Accumulation of fatty acids by the liver and ketone production are associated with delayed first ovulation; 2) The liver is the main source of IGF-I. NEBAL will continue as a consequence of high milk yield, but dietary supplements are currently available to circumvent the effects on liver function. For this project, supplementation was begun prepartum prior to NEBAL in an effort to reduce detrimental effects on liver and ovarian function. Fats either high or low in unsaturated fatty acids were compared for their ability to reduce liver triglyceride accumulation. Secondarily, feeding specific fats during a period of high lipid turnover caused by NEBAL provides a novel approach for manipulating phospholipid pools in tissues including ovary and uterus. Increased insulin from propylene glycol (glucogenic) was anticipated to reduce lipolysis and increase IGF-I. The same supplements were utilized in both the USA and Israel, to compare effects across different diets and environments. Conclusions: High milk production and very good postpartum health was achieved by dietary supplementation. Peripartum PGLY supplementation had no significant effects on reproductive variables. Prepartum fat supplementation either did not improve metabolic profile and ovarian and uterine responses in early lactation (USA) or decreased intake when added to dry cow diets (Israel). Steroid production in ovarian follicles was greater in lactating dairy cows receiving supplemental fat (unsaturated), although in a field trail fertility to insemination was not improved.
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NELYUBINA, E., E. BOBKOVA, and I. GRIGORYANTS. STUDYING THE RANGE OF VEGETABLE OILS. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2070-7568-2022-11-2-4-7-14.

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Vegetable oil is a daily food product, on the quality of which our health depends. It is not only a building and energy material, but also exhibits functional properties. Vegetable oil occupies the main share of the domestic market of oil and fat products. At catering establishments, vegetable oil is used to prepare various dishes, the requirements for these products are quite high, so the company often faces the question of which vegetable oils to use? which of them have the best qualities? These are the questions we tried to solve in our work. Purpose - of the research work is to study the range of vegetable oil from the product supplier MARR RUSSIA LLC and conduct a commodity assessment of the quality of sunflower oil used at the enterprises of Samara. Results: based on the results of the study, the assortment composition of vegetable oil was analyzed at the supplier of products LLC “MARR RUSSIA”, a commodity characteristic of sunflower oil samples was carried out and recommendations for purchase were given.
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