Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fast BEMs'
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Bagur, Laura. "Modeling fluid injection effects in dynamic fault rupture using Fast Boundary Element Methods." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024IPPAE010.
Full textEarthquakes due to either natural or anthropogenic sources cause important human and material damage. In both cases, the presence of pore fluids influences the triggering of seismic instabilities.A new and timely question in the community is to show that the earthquake instability could be mitigated by active control of the fluid pressure. In this work, we study the ability of Fast Boundary Element Methods (Fast BEMs) to provide a multi-physic large-scale robust solver required for modeling earthquake processes, human induced seismicity and their mitigation.In a first part, a Fast BEM solver with different temporal integration algorithms is used. We assess the performances of various possible adaptive time-step methods on the basis of 2D seismic cycle benchmarks available for planar faults. We design an analytical aseismic solution to perform convergence studies and provide a rigorous comparison of the capacities of the different solving methods in addition to the seismic cycles benchmarks tested. We show that a hybrid prediction-correction / adaptive time-step Runge-Kutta method allows not only for an accurate solving but also to incorporate both inertial effects and hydro-mechanical couplings in dynamic fault rupture simulations.In a second part, once the numerical tools are developed for standard fault configurations, our objective is to take into account fluid injection effects on the seismic slip. We choose the poroelastodynamic framework to incorporate injection effects on the earthquake instability. A complete poroelastodynamic model would require non-negligible computational costs or approximations. We justify rigorously which predominant fluid effects are at stake during an earthquake or a seismic cycle. To this aim, we perform a dimensional analysis of the equations, and illustrate the results using a simplified 1D poroelastodynamic problem. We formally show that at the timescale of the earthquake instability, inertial effects are predominant whereas a combination of diffusion and elastic deformation due to pore pressure change should be privileged at the timescale of the seismic cycle, instead of the diffusion model mainly used in the literature
Gerhauser, Heiko. "CFD applied to the fast pyrolysis of biomass in fluidised beds." Thesis, Aston University, 2003. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/9645/.
Full textEisenbarth, Udo. "Laser cooling of fast stored ion beams to extreme phase-space densities." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=963188208.
Full textLavoie, Jean-Philippe. "Production of pure ion beams by laser ionization and a fast release RFQ." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27202/27202.pdf.
Full textWleklinski, Joseph J. 1974. "Orbital effects on pitch angle diffusion of injected fast-ion beams in tokamaks." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/30320.
Full textIncludes bibliographical references (leaf 25).
The effects of ion orbits on pitch angle scattering of fast ion beam injection are investigated here for the magnetic equilibrium of the ITER tokamak. Two methods are used to calculate distributions in the presence of orbits, one applying boundary conditions a posteriori and one a priori. In both cases an orbit average of the Fokker-Planck equation is taken, yielding a solution in velocity space variables velocity and pitch angle. In the first case, conditions in the form of a linear combination of co, counter, and trapped distributions or fluxes are matched at the orbit transition value of pitch angle so that several distributions combine to form a solution. In the second case, an overall distribution is found which obeys boundary conditions derived from the trapped and passing regime essential behavior. Ultimately, both methods yield distributions which are essentially equivalent in character.
by Joseph J. Wleklinski.
S.M.
Demir, Simon, and André Rassmusen. "Skatterätt Fast driftställe : Ska jag beskattas i Sverige?" Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Handelshögskolan (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-72579.
Full textDomesle, Christian [Verfasser], and Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Wolf. "Momentum Imaging of Photofragments and Photoelectrons using Fast Ion Beams / Christian Domesle ; Betreuer: Andreas Wolf." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2012. http://d-nb.info/117978605X/34.
Full textGaspar, Ricardo. "Análise da segurança estrutural das lajes pré-fabricadas na fase de construção." Universidade de São Paulo, 1997. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3144/tde-26122008-112709/.
Full textAmong the fundamental elements of reinforced concrete structures, slabs have been the object of continuous improvement regarding of comfort, safety and economy. The development of economical construction techniques has permitted the forecoming of precast slabs, with advantages over massive slabs, such as: reducing the consumption of formwork, concrete, and consequently a reduction of the stress on the structural elements and foundations. All these, obviously, result in quicker execution and greater economy in construction costs. This study has attempted to gather the necessary information to provide a global view of this subject; approaching historical aspects of precast slabs, a description of its elements and construction process, dimensioning, laboratory experiments upon truss-framed reinforced beams, and finally, an analysis of security in the construction phase. It was concluded that the quality and structural performance of these slabs depend greatly on the care taken during the construction phase, particulary in respect to bracing. Thus, accidents caused by errors comitted at this stage are avoided.
MITRA, KAUSIK PRADIP. "APPLICATION OF MULTIPOLE EXPANSIONS TO BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2002. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1026411773.
Full textMartins, Catarina Guerreiro. "Indicadores de bem-estar animal em suínos na fase de crescimento e engorda." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/28599.
Full textOliveira, Eli Aparecida Rosa de. "RESPOSTAS COMPORTAMENTAIS E FISIOLÓGICAS RELACIONADAS AO BEM-ESTAR EM LEITÕES NA FASE DE CRECHE." Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, 2017. http://tede2.uepg.br/jspui/handle/prefix/2470.
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A suinocultura mundial tem passado por intensas inovações tecnológicas nas últimas décadas, visando principalmente o aumento da produtividade e redução nos custos de produção. O bem-estar animal muitas vezes é privado em prol da alta produtividade, sobretudo na creche que é considerada a fase mais crítica da suinocultura. Várias formas para minimizar o estresse em leitões já foram estudadas, porém se faz necessário mais estudos nessa área. Desta forma, este trabalho visou avaliar a influência de possíveis estratégias minimizadoras de estresse em leitões na fase de creche, sendo elas: o fornecimento de enriquecimento ambiental e a suplementação com um fitoterápico para avaliação de parâmetros comportamentais e fisiológicos relacionados ao bem-estar de leitões na fase de creche. Foram utilizados 300 leitões machos e castrados, desmamados aos 21 dias. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: T1 - Controle, T2 – enriquecimento ambiental e T3 – M. officinalis. No tratamento com enriquecimento ambiental (T2), foram distribuídos brinquedos confeccionados com garrafas PET, correntes e pneus. No T3, foi adicionado 1 % de extrato seco de M. officinalis a ração. A pesagem dos leitões aconteceu nos dias 0; 7; 14; 21 e 35 e as coletas de sangue foram realizadas nos dias 0; 7; 21 e 35 do experimento. Foram avaliados os comportamentos locomotor e a ingestão, relações agonísticas, interação com o objeto proposto como enriquecimento ambiental, interação com o colega, interação com o ambiente, e as estereotipias. O T2 interferiu positivamente sobre os comportamentos de brincar, com 69,8% de incidência com relação ao T1 (14,7%) e T3 (15,5%). E também sobre comportamento de vício de sucção, que obteve 14,1% da frequência quando comparado com T1 e T3 que obtiveram 45,4% e 40,5% de frequência, respectivamente (P<0,05). Houve correlação negativa moderada entre brincar e o comportamento de monta (P<0,001). O comportamento de manipulação de cauda teve maior incidência no T1 (50,99%), e com menor intensidade nos T2 (21%) e T3 (28,1%), (P<0,05). Houve uma correlação negativa moderada entre o comportamento exploratório e de briga (P<0,05). E uma correlação negativa entre o comportamento exploratório e o vício de sucção (P<0,001). No teste de TBARS, para avaliar a peroxidação lipídica, somente no dia 7 ocorreu diferença entre os grupos tratados com enriquecimento ambiental e M. officinalis e também entre os grupos controle e M. officinalis (P>0,05), onde os leitões tratados com M. officinalis, apresentaram menor quantidade de TBARS, comprovando assim a eficiência do tratamento fitoterápico contra a peroxidação lipídica. Na medida da atividade de catalase, tanto T1 quanto T2 não apresentaram diferença significativa nos dias 21 e 35 (P<0,05). Além disso, não houve diferença significativa entre os três tratamentos na avaliação do cortisol, demonstrando que os tratamentos não causaram estresse aos animais. Na avaliação de Vitamina C, o T3 proporcionou maior eficiência, quando comparado aos demais tratamentos. A exposição ao enriquecimento ambiental potencializou a ocorrência de comportamentos saudáveis relacionados ao bem-estar em leitões, como o ato de brincar e o comportamento exploratório, além de diminuir comportamentos associados ao estresse, como vício de sucção e manipulação da cauda. A suplementação com M. officinalis melhorou os parâmetros bioquímicos dos animais, uma vez que este grupo apresentou menores níveis de TBARS no 7º dia de tratamento, maiores níveis de vitamina C no 21º e 35º dias de tratamento e menor atividade da enzima Catalase desde o 7º dia de tratamento até o 35º dia. Assim, as estratégias aqui utilizadas devem ser consideradas como formas de melhoria do bem-estar animal na produção de leitões na fase de creche.
World pig farms have undergone intense technological innovations in the last decades, mainly aimed at increasing productivity and reducing production costs. Animal welfare is often deprived in favor of high productivity, especially in the nursery phase, which is considered the most critical stage of swine farming. Several ways to minimize stress in piglets have been studied, but more studies are needed in this area. In this way, this work aimed to evaluate the influence of possible strategies to minimize stress in piglets in the nursery phase, being: the supply of environmental enrichment and supplementation with a herbal medicine to evaluate behavioral and physiological parameters related to the well-being of piglets in the nursery phase. We used 300 male and castrated piglets, weaned at 21 days. The treatments used were: T1 - Control, T2 - environmental enrichment and T3 - M. officinalis. In the treatment with environmental enrichment (T2), toys made with PET bottles, chains and tires were distributed. In T3, 1% of dry extract of M. officinalis was added to the feed. The weighing of the piglets happened on days 0; 7; 14; 21 and 35 and the blood collections were performed on days 0; 7; 21 and 35 of the experiment. Locomotor behaviors and ingestion, agonistic relations, interaction with the proposed object as environmental enrichment, interaction with the colleague, interaction with the environment, and stereotypies were evaluated. T2 interfered positively on play behavior, with a 69.8% incidence in relation to T1 (14.7%) and T3 (15.5%). Also, on suction addiction behavior, which obtained 14.1% of the frequency when compared to T1 and T3, which obtained 45.4% and 40.5% of frequency, respectively (P <0.05). There was a moderate negative correlation between play and mating behavior (P <0.001). The tail manipulation behavior had a higher incidence in T1 (50.99%), and lower intensity in T2 (21%) and T3 (28.1%), (P <0.05). There was a moderate negative correlation between exploratory and quarrelsome behavior (P <0.05). And a negative correlation between exploratory behavior and suctioning addiction (P <0.001). In the TBARS test, only on day 7 occurred a difference between the groups treated with environmental enrichment and M. officinalis and also between the control and M. officinalis groups (P> 0.05), where the treated piglets with M. officinalis, presented a lower amount of TBARS, thus demonstrating the efficiency of phytotherapeutic treatment against lipid peroxidation. As for catalase activity, both T1 and T2 showed no significant difference on days 21 and 35 (P <0.05). In addition, there was no significant difference between the three treatments in the evaluation of cortisol, demonstrating that the treatments did not cause stress to the animals. In the evaluation of Vitamin C, the T3 provided greater efficiency, when compared to the other treatments. Exposure to environmental enrichment has potentiated the occurrence of healthy behaviors related to well-being in piglets, such as play and exploratory behavior, as well as reducing behaviors associated with stress, such as sucking addiction and tail handling. The supplementation with M. officinalis improved the biochemical parameters of the animals, since this group had lower levels of TBARS in the 7th day of treatment, higher levels of vitamin C in the 21st and 35th days of treatment and less activity of the Catalase enzyme since the 7th day of treatment until the 35th day. Thus, the strategies used here should be considered as ways of improving animal welfare in the production of piglets in the nursery phase.
Lima, Maria Cristina Vidigal de. "Instabilidade lateral das vigas pré-moldadas em regime de serviço e durante a fase transitória." Universidade de São Paulo, 1995. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18134/tde-25042018-115223/.
Full textThis work deals with the lateral stability of precast beams on service and during intermediate phase - handling and transportation. At service phase it is considered rigid and semi-rigid connections with torsion deformation. At handling phase, the critical load is evaluated for several positions of lifting cables. The study of the equilibrium conditions is done with the solution of the differential equation of elastic instability problem. The solution of flexural and torsional coupled equation is gotten by use of some methods, including the one developed and authomatized from the application of Runge-Kutta method, for certain sections. Empirical procedures are presented based on experimental tests, found in technical papers to compute fators of safety. The results of numerical examples show that the service situations are not generally critical, unlike the intermediate situations. The results show also that a possible way to avoid this problem is with the use of lifting points with a distance from the ends.
Gómez, José Gabriel Aguirre. "Correlações e ruído de intensidade e de fase em transparência induzida eletromagneticamente: experimentos e teorias." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-24022014-151850/.
Full textIn this work we present experimental and theoretical results of intensity and phase noise, and of the correspondent correlations, between pump and probe fields in electromagnetically induced transparency. Experimentally, in this condition, we measure intensity excess-noise in both beams as well as intensity correlations and anti-correlations, clearly showing that both are dependent on the fields intensities and on the analysis frequency. We also observed structures in the noise spectra of the fields in the induced transparency and that, in a single spectrum, there are zones with correlation and anti-correlation of intensity, interchanged. These structures are dependent, again, on the fields intensities and on the analysis frequency. We also measured excess phase noise in our beams and, for the first time, we measured a phase noise correlation between the beams in the condition of induced transparency. Theoretically, we further developed an analysis with a model in which the atoms and the fields are treated quantum-mechanically. Owing to limitations detected in the application of this model to our experimental situation, we developed a new semi-classical model, in which the fields present phase diffusion. The new predictions obtained show a good qualitative agreement with the experimental result features. The excess noise of intensity of the beams, in the electromagnetically induced transparency, is a result of the resonant transfer of the diode lasers excess phase noise into intensity noise by interaction with the atoms.
Colucci, Giulia. "A fast ionization chamber for the detection of fusion-evaporation residues produced by the exotic beams of SPES: design, tests and first experiments." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3426239.
Full textIl lavoro di tesi si divide in due parti: (i) la progettazione e costruzione di una nuova camera di ionizzazione con risposta veloce (FastIC), per lo studio di processi di fusioni di sistemi esotici ad energie in prossimità e sotto la barriera Coulombiana. Si useranno fasci ricchi di neutroni che saranno forniti dalla facility SPES, in costruzione presso i Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL) dell'INFN. La seconda parte della tesi riguarda la realizzazione, l’analisi e l’interpretazione dei risultati dell'esperimento di fusione sotto barriera dei due sistemi 36S + 50Ti, 51V, eseguito utilizzando il nuovo rivelatore FastIC. Un nuovo set-up per le misure della sezione d’urto di fusione, appositamente progettato per fasci a bassa intensità forniti da SPES, è stato sviluppato presso i LNL. Questo nuovo set-up prevede l’utilizzo della FastIC progettata per resistere ad alti rate di conteggio per lo studio di processi di fusione con fasci esotici con intensità dell’ordine dei 10^5 pps. Il readout della FastIC è stato ottimizzato ed approfonditi test, eseguiti con fasci di ioni stabili, hanno dimostrato la sua capacità di operare fino a rate di 140 kHz, rispetto ai pochi kHz della precedente camera IC. L’alto rate di conteggio insieme al più ampio angolo solido consentiranno di rilevare i residui di evaporazione di fusione con un'efficienza vicina al 100%. La nuova FastIC è stata utilizzata durante l’esperimento di fusione sotto barriera dei due sistemi 36S+50Ti e 36S+51V. L’esperimento era finalizzato allo studio dei possibili effetti dello spin non nullo dello stato fondamentale del 51V, sulla funzione di eccitazione sotto barriera e sulla forma della distribuzione di barriere. La sezione d’urto di fusione è stata misurata fino a 20 μb e le funzioni di eccitazioni dei due sistemi mostrano andamenti simili. Un'analisi a canali accoppiati è stata eseguita al fine di evidenziare le differenze tra i due sistemi. In particolare, è stato utilizzato il codice CCFULL appositamente modificato per trattare il nucleo dispari 51V. Le funzioni di eccitazione sperimentali e le distribuzioni di barriera estratte sono state confrontate con le previsioni teoriche che suggeriscono una piccola differenza tra i due sistemi ad energie sopra barriera. Questo potrebbe essere osservato sperimentalmente mediante misure di diffusione quasi-elastica ad angoli all’indietro rispetto alla direzione del fascio.
Becker, Arno [Verfasser], and Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Wolf. "Imaging of Neutral Fragmentation Products from Fast Molecular Ion Beams: Paving the Way for Reaction Studies in Cryogenic Environment / Arno Becker ; Betreuer: Andreas Wolf." Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1180610296/34.
Full textGrasso, Eva. "Modelling visco-elastic seismic wave propagation : a fast-multipole boundary element method and its coupling with finite elements." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00730752.
Full textAranha, Aline Sampaio. "Desempenho e bem estar de bovinos Nelore na fase de recria mantidos em sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária /." Ilha Solteira, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/134267.
Full textCoorientador: Gustavo Pavan Mateus
Banca: Leda Gobbo de Freitas Bueno
Banca: Paulo roberto de Lima Meirelles
Resumo: O Brasil se destaca no cenário mundial de produção de bovinos em pastagens. No entanto, grande parte destes pastos apresenta algum grau de degradação, necessitando serem recuperados, nesse sentido os sistemas integrados podem ser uma ferramenta para a recuperação de áreas degradadas e contribui para amortizar, em parte os custos da recuperação das pastagens, pela venda dos grãos e o aproveitamento dos nutrientes residuais das lavouras para produção de forragem. Além, da lavoura e da pastagem, utiliza-se o componente arbóreo, que possibilita o aumento de renda da propriedade. Sendo assim o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de novilhos da raça Nelore e a massa de forragem e composição morfológica do capim-marandu em áreas recuperadas com sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta (ILPF) nas densidades de 196 e 448 Eucalyptus spp. por hectare e em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária (ILP), nas estações verão e inverno. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos com 4 repetições. O experimento foi conduzido na APTA - Andradina, SP. Foi avaliado na forragem: massa seca de capim-marandu, porcentagem de folhas, colmo e material senescente, relação folha:colmo; nos animais foi avaliado: ganho de peso, ganho de peso diário, ganho de peso por área, taxa de lotação. A massa seca de forragem foi superior no sistema ILP à ILPF com 448 árvores.ha-1. No inverno a massa seca de forragem foi superior ao verão. Houve interação entre tratamento e estação para porcentagem de folhas e material senescente, enquanto para colmos houve apenas efeito de estação, sendo a porcentagem de colmos no inverno 5% superior ao verão. Não foram observadas diferenças entre os tratamentos para ganho de peso diário, ganho de peso e ganho de peso por área, no entanto houve diferença para estação em todos os parâmetros avaliados, exceto para a taxa de lotação. O peso final dos animais foi maior no...
Abstract: Brazil stands out on the world stage cattle production in pastures. However, most of these pastures have some degree of degradation and needs to be recovered, accordingly, the integrated system can be a tool for the recovery of degraded areas and contributes to repay in part the costs of recovery of pastures, the sale of grain and the use of residual nutrients of crops for forage production. Therefore the aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of Nellore steers and forage mass and morphological composition of marandu grass in areas retrieved systems crop-livestock-forest integration system (ICLF) in densities 196 and 448 Eucalyptus spp. per hectare and system integration crop-livestock (ICL), during the rainy and dry. The experimental design was in blocks with four repetitions. The experiment was conducted at APTA - Andradina, SP. It was evaluated in forage: dry matter Marandu grass, percentage of leaves, stem and senescent material, leaf: stem ratio; the animals were evaluated: weight gain, daily weight gain, weight gain per area, stocking rate. The dry forage mass was greater in the ICL than ICLF system with 448 trees.ha-1. In the dry season the dry forage mass was higher than the rainy season. There was an interaction between treatment and season to percentage of senescent leaves and material, while there were only station to stalk effect, the percentage of stems and 5% in the dry season than the wet season. No differences were observed between treatments for daily weight gain, weight gain and weight gain per area, however there were differences for season in all evaluated parameters, except for the stocking rate. The final weight of the animals was greatest in the ILP treatment. The dry forage mass and stocking rate is reduced by greater density of trees and morphological composition is changed by ILPFs and ILP systems
Mestre
Aranha, Aline Sampaio [UNESP]. "Desempenho e bem estar de bovinos Nelore na fase de recria mantidos em sistemas integrados de produção agropecuária." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/134267.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O Brasil se destaca no cenário mundial de produção de bovinos em pastagens. No entanto, grande parte destes pastos apresenta algum grau de degradação, necessitando serem recuperados, nesse sentido os sistemas integrados podem ser uma ferramenta para a recuperação de áreas degradadas e contribui para amortizar, em parte os custos da recuperação das pastagens, pela venda dos grãos e o aproveitamento dos nutrientes residuais das lavouras para produção de forragem. Além, da lavoura e da pastagem, utiliza-se o componente arbóreo, que possibilita o aumento de renda da propriedade. Sendo assim o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de novilhos da raça Nelore e a massa de forragem e composição morfológica do capim-marandu em áreas recuperadas com sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária-floresta (ILPF) nas densidades de 196 e 448 Eucalyptus spp. por hectare e em sistema de integração lavoura-pecuária (ILP), nas estações verão e inverno. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos com 4 repetições. O experimento foi conduzido na APTA – Andradina, SP. Foi avaliado na forragem: massa seca de capim-marandu, porcentagem de folhas, colmo e material senescente, relação folha:colmo; nos animais foi avaliado: ganho de peso, ganho de peso diário, ganho de peso por área, taxa de lotação. A massa seca de forragem foi superior no sistema ILP à ILPF com 448 árvores.ha-1. No inverno a massa seca de forragem foi superior ao verão. Houve interação entre tratamento e estação para porcentagem de folhas e material senescente, enquanto para colmos houve apenas efeito de estação, sendo a porcentagem de colmos no inverno 5% superior ao verão. Não foram observadas diferenças entre os tratamentos para ganho de peso diário, ganho de peso e ganho de peso por área, no entanto houve diferença para estação em todos os parâmetros avaliados, exceto para a taxa de lotação. O peso final dos animais foi maior no tratamento ILP. A massa seca de forragem e taxa de lotação é reduzida em maior adensamento de árvores e a composição morfológica é alterada pelos sistemas ILPFs e ILP.
Brazil stands out on the world stage cattle production in pastures. However, most of these pastures have some degree of degradation and needs to be recovered, accordingly, the integrated system can be a tool for the recovery of degraded areas and contributes to repay in part the costs of recovery of pastures, the sale of grain and the use of residual nutrients of crops for forage production. Therefore the aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of Nellore steers and forage mass and morphological composition of marandu grass in areas retrieved systems crop-livestock-forest integration system (ICLF) in densities 196 and 448 Eucalyptus spp. per hectare and system integration crop-livestock (ICL), during the rainy and dry. The experimental design was in blocks with four repetitions. The experiment was conducted at APTA - Andradina, SP. It was evaluated in forage: dry matter Marandu grass, percentage of leaves, stem and senescent material, leaf: stem ratio; the animals were evaluated: weight gain, daily weight gain, weight gain per area, stocking rate. The dry forage mass was greater in the ICL than ICLF system with 448 trees.ha-1. In the dry season the dry forage mass was higher than the rainy season. There was an interaction between treatment and season to percentage of senescent leaves and material, while there were only station to stalk effect, the percentage of stems and 5% in the dry season than the wet season. No differences were observed between treatments for daily weight gain, weight gain and weight gain per area, however there were differences for season in all evaluated parameters, except for the stocking rate. The final weight of the animals was greatest in the ILP treatment. The dry forage mass and stocking rate is reduced by greater density of trees and morphological composition is changed by ILPFs and ILP systems.
Bellinazzi, Jéssyca Beraldi. "Perfil das proteínas de fase aguda em animais experimentalmente infectados com Mannheimia haemolytica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10136/tde-03082018-151350/.
Full textThe bovine pneumonic mannheimiosis (MPB) generates significant lesivity when it predominates in the Complex Bovine Respiratory Disease. Thus being important the study of the previous diagnosis for better understanding and treatment of the disease. As plasma and serum concentrations of acute phase proteins (PFA) have been adopted in veterinary medicine as early markers of inflammatory diseases and sometimes related to animal welfare. The aim of the study was review the inflammatory panel of MPB; to investigate a contribution that the use of flunixin meglumina without treatment of bovines manifesting MPB; and to investigate inflammatory markers for the previous diagnosis of the disease and treatment evolution, using references of animal welfare. Twelve six-month-old, healthy and divided into two experimental groups, the first treated with antimicrobial and the second with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory were used in this study. The animals were submitted to intratracheal inoculation of M. haemolytica and had their bronchoalveolar lavage and blood samples collected at four moments, where clinical examination, blood collection and bronchoalveolar lavage were carried out to perform hemogram, determination of the acute phase proteins, analysis of cortisol and cortisone. Statistical analysis was performed using SAS 9.3 software for Windows. The data were tested for normality by the Shapiko Wilk test, considering a significance of 5%. The analysis of simple variance was performed with a comparison of means by means of the LSD test, being considered significant p <0.05. The results showed that MPB is a disease of great importance in the world scenario; no statistical differences were found between the early markers between the groups with or without anti-inflammatory, but the concomitant use with the antimicrobial promoted an increase in animal welfare.
Bressan, Waleska Soares. "Ambiente térmico, qualidade do ar, bem-estar e desempenho produtivo de emas (Rhea americana) confinadas, em fase de crescimento." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2005. http://www.locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/9813.
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Com finalidade de suprir informações a respeito da criação de emas e considerando a importância do conforto térmico ambiental na criação de animais, o presente estudo teve como objetivos analisar os efeitos de temperatura, umidade, radiação e velocidade do ar, bem como da qualidade do ar sobre o desempenho produtivo, respostas fisiológicas e resultantes comportamentais de emas, durante a fase de crescimento, e também estabelecer faixas de índices do ambiente térmico, associadas ao conforto, ao bem-estar e conseqüentemente, à eficiência produtiva desses animais. O experimento foi realizado no município de Viçosa - MG, durante o período de abril e maio de 2004. Foram utilizadas trinta e seis emas em fase de crescimento, com idade média de sete meses. Os animais ficaram alojados sobre piso sem cama, em um galpão de 61,0 m de comprimento; 10,0 m de largura e 3,50 m de pé-direito, orientado no sentido leste-oeste. O galpão foi dividido longitudinalmente em boxes, de dimensões idênticas (3,0 m x 10,0 m), nos quais ficou alojado um casal em cada boxe. Para aquisição dos valores das variáveis ambientais (temperatura do ar, umidade relativa e temperatura de globo negro), dados para cálculo do Índice de Temperatura de Globo e Umidade (ITGU), Carga Térmica Radiante (CTR) e Umidade Relativa do Ar (UR), foram utilizadas unidades de aquisição de dados e para os valores de velocidade do ar, um anemômetro digital de hélice. Com finalidade de caracterizar o ar dentro do galpão, foram feitas medições de concentrações instantâneas de amônia. O desempenho animal foi avaliado de acordo com os índices zootécnicos, ou seja, peso vivo médio (PVM), ganho de peso (GP), consumo de ração (CR) e conversão alimentar (CA). Respostas fisiológicas como a freqüência respiratória (FR) e a temperatura retal (TR) também foram avaliadas. O comportamento das aves foi registrado mediante observações visuais e também por meio de fotografias. Com base nos resultados das variáveis ambientais, observou-se que entre 11 e 14 horas foram registrados os maiores de valores de ITGU e CTR, durante este período as emas tiveram indicativos comportamentais de desconforto por calor, tais como eriçamento de penas, abertura das asas, bico entreaberto e contato direto com o piso. Durante este período pode-se sugerir que o ajuste do ambiente térmico ou acondicionamento de galpões para emas, em crescimento, seja feito de forma que o ITGU seja mantido na faixa de 65 a 71, a CTR na faixa de 398 a 452 W.m -2 e a UR, de 50 a 70%. Foram observadas respostas isoladas dos animais indicando mal-estar por frio, como exposição ao sol da manhã e uso da campânula. Não foi detectada presença de amônia internamente no galpão. Os maiores valores de FR foram observados durante o período de maiores valores de ITGU e CTR. Os valores médios de TR mantiveram-se semelhantes durante todo período experimental. O desempenho dos animais, no que diz respeito ao PVM, GP, CR e CA atingidos, não foi afetado de maneira significativa pela condição ambiental imposta, considerando-se o tempo de exposição utilizado deste experimento. Por meio dos resultados da presente pesquisa, foi enfatizada a importância do ajuste do ambiente térmico para a criação racional, manutenção do conforto e bem-estar de emas confinadas, em fase de crescimento.
Intending to supply information regarding the production of emus (Rhea americana) and considering the importance of the thermal environmental comfort in the production of animals, the present study had as objective to analyze the effect of temperature, humidity, radiation and air speed, as well as the quality of air on the productive performance, physiological responses and resultant behavior of emus, during the growth phase, and also to establish thermal environmental indexes ranges, associated to the comfort, to well-being and consequently, the productive efficiency of these animals. The experiment was made in the city of Viçosa - MG, during the period of April and May of 2004. Thirty six emus in growth phase were used, with an average age of seven months. The animals had been maintained on floor without bed, in a shed of 61.0 m of length, 10.0 m of width and a roof height of 3.50 m, guided east-west. The shed was divided longitudinally in boxes, of identical dimensions (3.0 m x 10.0 m), and in each one a couple of emus were lodged. For the environmental data acquisition (air temperature, relative humidity and black globe temperature), for calculation of the Black Globe and Humidity Index (BGHI), Thermal Radiant Load (TRL) and Air Relative Humidity (RH), data acquisition units were used, and for the air speed measure, it was used a digital anemometer. Intending to characterize the air inside the shed, measurements of instantaneous ammonia concentrations were made. The animal performance was evaluated in accordance with the animal indexes, that is, average alive weight (AAW), weight gain (WG), consumption of food (CF) and food conversion (FC). Physiological responses as the respiratory frequency (RF) and the retal temperature (RT) also were evaluated. The behavior of the birds was registered by means of visual observations and also by means of photographs. On the basis of the results of the environmental variables, it was observed that between 11 and 14 P.M. the greater values of BGHI and TRL were observed, and during this period emus presented behavioral indicatives of discomfort caused by heat, such as bristling the feathers, opening the wings, half-opened beak and direct contact with the floor. During this period, it can suggested that the thermal environmental control adjustment of facilities for emus in growth phase, could be made keeping the BGHI values between 65 and 71, the TRL between 398 and 452 W.m -2 and the RH, between 50 and 70%. Isolated responses of the animals were observed, indicating discomfort for cold, as exposition to the sun in the morning and use of the heater. The presence of ammonia was not detected inside the facility. The greater values of RF were observed during the period of greater values of BGHI and TRL. The average values of RT remained similar during all experimental period. The performance of the animals, according to the AAW, WG, CF and FC, was not affected by the imposed environmental condition, considering the period of exposition used in this experiment. By means of the results of the present research, it was emphasized the importance of the adjustment of the thermal environment for the rational creation, maintenance of the comfort and well-being of confined emus, in growth phase.
Dissertação importada do Alexandria
Oliveira, Marcus Vinicius Garcia de. "Influência do enriquecimento ambiental no comportamento e desempenho de leitões na fase de creche." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/6159.
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The animal welfare assessment techniques are used to check the stress level of the animals. Swine production has been reported as one of the most stressful livestock. The nursery phase is heavily critical, whereas the piglets are liable to several agent stressors leading them to welfare state decrease and causing stereotyped behaviors. One way to reduce the issues stress in the nursery phase is environmental enrichment technique. This technique consists in providing enriching objects that stimulate the exploratory behavior pigs, increasing the well-being and animal cognition improvement. However, the enriching object pigs adaptation with permanent presence in pen leads to decreased of interaction frequency with the enriching object. Environmental enrichment in time intermittently may increase the piglets interaction frequency with enriching object, promoting the novelty aspect and increasing well-being. Therefore, the aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of time intermittently of environmental enrichment on the novelty effect and interaction frequency of piglets with enriching object (wheelbarrow tire) and its influence on the nursery piglets behavior and performance. Were used 720 piglets in nursery phase of both sexes. The piglets were assigned into four treatments: WEO - without enriching object; PEO - permanently enriching object; WEO24 - No enriching object with 24h intermittent; WEO48 - No enriching object with 48h intermittency. Were evaluated the piglets behavior whereof ethogram, the Black Globe and Humidity Index(BGHI) effect in the behavior, injury score, diarrhea score and performance. There was recorded a significant effect (p <0.05) in the piglets interaction with enriching object for treatments with intermittent time and A significant effect (p <0.05) of environmental enrichment treatments in reduce stereotypes behavior (WEO: 7.62%; PEO%: 6:21%; WEO24: 6,31%e WEO48: 6.59%). The BGHI variation changed the piglets behavior. Significant effects were observed (p <0.05) for lesion score values, diarrhea and performance among the treatments. The higher interaction frequency with the enriching object was observed in piglets submitted to, whereas was observed that the intermittency time promoted the novelty aspect when was reintroduced into the environment. The decreased stereotyped behavior increasing the piglets welfare. However, the intermittency time did not influence the piglets performance.
As técnicas de avaliações de bem-estar animal são utilizadas para verificar o nível de estresse dos animais. A fase de creche na produção de suínos é crítica, pois, os leitões são submetidos a vários agentes estressores levando-os à diminuição do estado de bem-estar e causando o aparecimento de comportamentos estereotipados. Uma das formas de diminuir os problemas relacionados ao estresse na fase de creche é a técnica de enriquecimento ambiental. O enriquecimento ambiental se dá pelo fornecimento de objetos enriquecedores que estimulam o comportamento exploratório dos suínos promovendo o bem-estar e a melhora na cognição dos animais. No entanto, a habituação com a presença permanente do objeto enriquecedor nas baias leva à diminuição da frequência de interação com o objeto utilizado. O enriquecimento ambiental com intermitência no tempo pode aumentar a frequência de interação dos leitões com o objeto enriquecedor, promovendo o aspecto novidade favorecendo o bem-estar. Portanto, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito do enriquecimento ambiental com intermitência do tempo sobre o efeito de novidade e frequência de interação dos leitões com objeto enriquecedor (pneu) e sua influência no comportamento e desempenho de leitões na fase de creche. Foram utilizados 720 leitões na fase de creche de ambos os sexos divididos em quatro tratamentos: SOE – sem objeto enriquecedor; OEP – com objeto enriquecedor permanente; SOE24 – Sem objeto enriquecedor com intermitência de 24 h; SOE48 – Sem objeto enriquecedor com intermitência de 48 h. Avaliou-se o comportamento dos leitões com utilização do etograma, a influência do índice de temperatura de globo negro (ITGU) no comportamento dos animais, escore de lesões, escore de diarreia e desempenho. Observou-se uma maior interação com o objeto enriquecedor com a intermitência no tempo. Observou-se efeito significativo (p<0,05) dos tratamentos com enriquecimento ambiental com a redução de comportamentos estereotipados (SOE: 7,62%; OEP: 6.21%; SOE24: 6,31%e SOE48: 6,59%). A variação do ITGU alterou o comportamento dos leitões. Não foram observados efeitos significativos (p<0,05) para os valores de escore de lesão, diarreia e desempenho entre os tratamentos avaliados. A maior frequência de interação com o objeto enriquecedor (pneu) foi observada nos leitões submetidos à intermitência de tempo, pois, esse manejo promoveu o aspecto novidade ao ser reintroduzido no ambiente. A intermitência de tempo diminuiu os comportamentos estereotipados favorecendo o bem-estar dos leitões. No entanto, a intermitência não melhorou o desempenho dos leitões
Leal, Guilherme Brunno de Medeiros. "Comportamento preferencial de leitões na fase de creche em ambiente enriquecido." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2016. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/5753.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás - FAPEG
The welfare's absence in animal breeding has a direct impact on food production, affecting internal trade and especially exports. Environmental enrichment is the improvement of facilities in order to make the environment more appropriate to behavioral needs. Inserting objects in the environment such as, tires, chains, ropes, plastic bottles, wood or plastic bars are the most common types of environmental enrichment. However, only few tests have been made on swine's preference by the types of objects available to enrich its environment. It was aimed to evaluate the preferred behavior, as well as, animal performance (daily feed intake, daily weight gain, feed conversion) and lesion rates in pigs in the nursery stage using different types of objects (tire and metal chain), and scenarios (suspended, embedded in the wall, fixed on the floor). The experiment was performed in a commercial farm from July 30 to September 21, 2015. The animals were housed in collective cages, partially slatted floor, equipped with semi-automatic feeders and nipple drinkers. Every room with eight cages 113,02 ft² each, which makes a 2712,51 ft² experimental area. 696 pigs were used in Choice Genetics® breed, with an average age of 21 days, average weight of 12,34 pounds, divided between males and females. The pigs were divided into the treatment groups of 29 animals. The experimental design was a randomized block, with four different presentation scenarios of objects (control = without enriching object; T + C suspended = tire + suspended metal chain; T + C wall = tire and embedded metal chain on the wall; T + C floor = tire and fixed metal chain on the floor), repeated six times in a row. Camcorders were used for filming and subsequent evaluation of the behavior recorded every 10 minutes during 11 hours per day (7 a.m. to 6 p.m.), once in a week, 41 days. In the treatments with environmental enrichment, there were differences in the interaction with enriching objects (P <0.05). Regarding the presentation and the type of object, the animals preferred the suspended position and metal chain, respectively. The animal performance factors (daily feed intake, daily weight gain, feed conversion), and lesion rates, were not influenced by environmental enrichment.
A ausência do bem-estar na produção animal, repercute diretamente na produção dos alimentos, afetando o comércio interno e, principalmente, as exportações. O enriquecimento ambiental consiste no aperfeiçoamento das instalações com o objetivo de tornar o ambiente mais adequado às necessidades comportamentais. Inserir no ambiente, pneus, correntes, cordas, garrafas pet, barras de madeiras ou plástico são os tipos mais comuns de enriquecimento ambiental. Entretanto, poucos testes têm sido realizados quanto à preferência dos suínos pelos tipos de objetos disponíveis para enriquecimento do ambiente. Objetivou-se avaliar o comportamento preferencial, desempenho zootécnico (consumo diário de ração, ganho em peso diário, conversão alimentar) e escore de lesão em suínos na fase de creche com diferentes tipos de objetos (pneu e corrente de metal), e esquemas de apresentação (suspenso, enraizado na parede, fixo no piso). O experimento foi conduzido em granja comercial, no período de 30 de julho a 21 de setembro de 2015. Os animais foram alojados em baias coletivas, de piso parcialmente ripado, providas de comedouro semiautomático e bebedouro tipo chupeta. Cada sala com 8 baias de 10,5 m2 cada, totalizando uma área experimental de 252 m2. Foram utilizados 696 suínos da linhagem Choice Genetics®, com idade média de 21 dias, peso médio inicial de 5,6 kg, divididos entre machos e fêmeas. Os suínos foram distribuídos nos tratamentos em grupos de 29 animais. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos ao acaso, com quatro diferentes esquemas de apresentação dos objetos (Controle – sem objeto enriquecedor; P + C suspenso – pneu + corrente de metal suspensa; P + C parede – pneu e corrente de metal enraizado na parede; P + C piso – pneu e corrente de metal fixo no piso), repetidos seis vezes no tempo. Foram utilizadas câmeras filmadoras, para gravação de imagens e posterior avaliação dos comportamentos a cada 10 minutos durante 11 horas diárias (7 h às 18 h), uma vez por semana, durante 41 dias. Nos tratamentos com enriquecimento ambiental houve diferença na interação com os objetos enriquecedores (P<0,05). Em relação a apresentação e o tipo de objeto, os animais preferiram quando na posição suspenso e corrente de metal, respectivamente. As variáveis de desempenho zootécnico (consumo diário de ração, ganho em peso diário, conversão alimentar) e escore de lesão não foram influenciadas pelo enriquecimento ambiental.
Gómez, Martínez Fernando. "FAST simplified vulnerability approach for seismic assessment of infilled RC MRF buildings and its application to the 2011 Lorca (Spain) earthquake." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/54780.
Full text[ES] Se propone un método analítico simplificado ("FAST") para la estimación de la vulnerabilidad a gran escala de edificios porticados de hormigón armado con tabiquería de fábrica, posteriormente testeado mediante la adopción del escenario de daño real correspondiente al terremoto de Lorca de 2011 como patrón de comparación. FAST es un procedimiento espectral que permite predecir el nivel de daño no estructural medio esperado para cada clase de edificio (definido por su número de plantas, año de construcción, densidad de tabiquería en planta y localización geográfica), considerando un nivel de demanda dado. El método tiene en cuenta la irregularidad de la tabiquería en alzado, es decir, la posible reducción relativa de tabiquería en planta baja. FAST se basa en: (i) la definición de curvas de capacidad aproximadas para los edificios tabicados, asumiendo que la estructura de HA se ha proyectado según la norma sísmica correspondiente en cada caso; y en (ii) la asunción de deformadas "apriorísticas" coherentes con cada grado de daño (suponiendo que éste se alcanza siempre en planta baja), estimadas a través de correlaciones experimentales y numéricas. Se proponen dos versiones de FAST: una "simplificada" para la evaluación de edificios uniformemente tabicados en altura, y otra "generalizada", que es capaz de tener en cuenta cualquier situación intermedia entre el prototipo uniformemente tabicado y el de planta baja diáfana. Además, se proponen ciertas extensiones al método. A fin de validar FAST, se elige el escenario de daño real correspondiente al terremoto de Lorca (2011) como patrón de comparación, a pesar de su impulsividad y directividad. Para definir los parámetros de input correspondientes al caso de estudio, es necesario recopilar previamente la información concerniente a la señal sísmica, el escenario de daño y las características del parque construido. Por tanto, se lleva a cabo una revisión exhaustiva de las normas sísmicas históricas en España y un análisis crítico de la norma sísmica española actual NCSE-02 en comparación con otras normas actuales de referencia basadas en el desempeño, como el Eurocódigo 8, haciendo énfasis en las provisiones que no garantizan el diseño por capacidad y que por tanto pueden provocar mecanismos frágiles o favorecer la excesiva influencia de la tabiquería. Además, se discute sobre la restricción del coeficiente de ductilidad en estructuras de vigas planas, cuestión que no se refleja en otras normas. Los resultados obtenidos mediante análisis de casos de estudio muestran que dicha prescripción resulta obsoleta para normas actuales. Finalmente, FAST se aplica al caso del terremoto de Lorca, obteniéndose predicciones de daño medio para diferentes asunciones. Los resultados muestran una coincidencia aceptable entre la predicción y los daños reales. FAST confirma que la causa principal de la práctica ausencia de colapsos (ante un terremoto con PGA triple que la típica de proyecto) hay que buscarla en la contribución estructural de la tabiquería de fábrica.
[CAT] Es proposa un mètode analític simplificat ("FAST") per a l'estimació de la vulnerabilitat a gran escala d'edificis porticats de formigó armat amb envans de fàbrica. Posteriorment, el mètode ha estat testejat mitjançant l'adopció de l'escenari de dany real corresponent al terratrèmol de Lorca de 2011 com a patró de comparació. FAST és un procediment espectral que permet predir el nivell de dany no estructural mitjà esperat per a cada classe d'edifici (definit pel seu nombre de plantes, any de construcció, densitat d'envans en planta i localització geogràfica), considerant un determinat nivell de demanda. El mètode té en compte la irregularitat de la distribució de envans al llarg de les diferents plantes del edifici. Es a dir, es pot tenir en compte que, freqüentment, hi ha una menor quantitat de d'envans a la planta baixa. FAST es fonamenta en: (i) la definició de corbes de capacitat aproximades que tenen en compte no sols la estructura del edifici sinó també els envans i assumint que l'estructura de HA s'ha projectat segons la norma sísmica corresponent en cada cas; (ii) l'assumpció de deformades "apriorístiques" coherents amb cada grau de dany (suposant que aquest es dona sempre a la planta baixa) que han estat estimades a través de correlacions experimentals i numèriques. Es proposen dues versions de FAST: una "simplificada" per a l'avaluació d'edificis amb envans uniformement repartits per totes les plantes, i una altra "generalitzada", que és capaç de tenir en compte qualsevol situació intermèdia entre el prototip uniformement paredat i el de planta baixa diàfana. A més, es proposen certes extensions al mètode. Per tal de validar FAST, es tria l'escenari de dany real corresponent al terratrèmol de Lorca (2011) com a patró de comparació, malgrat la seva impulsivitat i directivitat. Per definir els paràmetres de entrada corresponents al cas d'estudi, cal recopilar prèviament la informació concernent al senyal sísmica, l'escenari de dany i les característiques del parc construït. Per tant, es porta a terme una revisió exhaustiva de les normes sísmiques històriques a Espanya i una anàlisi crítica de la norma sísmica espanyola actual (NCSE-02) comparant-la amb altres normes actuals de referència, com l'Eurocodi 8, fonamentat en el concepte d'acompliment. També es fa èmfasi a les provisions que no garanteixen el disseny per capacitat i que, per tant, poden provocar mecanismes de col·lapse fràgils o afavorir la interacció de la estructura amb els envans. A més, es discuteix sobre la restricció del coeficient de ductilitat de les estructures de bigues planes ja que es una qüestió que no aborden la majoria de les normes. Els resultats obtinguts mitjançant l'anàlisi de casos d'estudi mostren que aquesta restricció resulta obsoleta a les normes actuals. Finalment, FAST s'aplica al cas del terratrèmol de Lorca, obtenint prediccions de dany mitjà per a diferents combinacions del paràmetres de entrada. Els resultats mostren una coincidència acceptable entre la predicció i els danys reals. FAST confirma que la causa principal de la pràctica absència de col·lapses (davant un terratrèmol amb PGA triple que la típica de projecte) cal buscar-la en la contribució estructural dels envans.
Gómez Martínez, F. (2015). FAST simplified vulnerability approach for seismic assessment of infilled RC MRF buildings and its application to the 2011 Lorca (Spain) earthquake [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/54780
TESIS
Premiado
Nunes, Margarida Gonçalves. "Economia circular e as cadeias de abastecimento : estudo de caso." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/21013.
Full textO crescimento populacional e o aumento das exigências dos clientes por produtos novos e de qualidade, influenciam a estabilidade económica e ambiental. Deste modo as empresas e economias procuram novos modelos para suportar estas exigências, tendo levado ao desenvolvimento do conceito da Economia Circular - um modelo que ganhou relevância nos últimos anos - devido aos benefícios ambientais e económicos que proporciona às empresas, economias e clientes. A transição para modelos circulares exige uma visão abrangente de todo o ciclo de produção, sendo a gestão das cadeias de abastecimento essencial para obter sucesso na implementação de modelos circulares. Esta dissertação pretende estudar como os princípios de Economia Circular podem ser aplicados numa cadeia de abastecimento, e para isso recorreu-se à análise da cadeia de abastecimento da Empresa de Cervejas da Madeira. A escolha prende-se com o facto dos bens de consumo rápido, como os bens alimentares, têxteis e embalagens, serem particularmente interessantes para análise da circularidade. A revisão de literatura permitiu a identificação de alguns propósitos essenciais para aplicação da Economia Circular na gestão de uma cadeia de abastecimento, que serviram como base para analisar a cadeia de abastecimento da empresa. Esta análise permitiu identificar alguns obstáculos, como a localização geográfica, e a mentalidade do consumidor final. Deste modo foram propostas algumas melhorias direcionadas à gestão da cadeia de abastecimento do caso de estudo.
The population growth and the increase in demands of customers for new and quality products influence the economic and environmental stability. Thus, companies and economies try to find new models to support these demands, leading to the development of Circular Economy concept - a model that gained relevance in last years - due to the environmental and economic benefits it provides to the companies, economies, and consumers. The transition to circular models requires a comprehensive view of the entire production cycle, and supply chain management is essential to achieve success in implementing circular models. This project aims to study how the principles of Circular Economy can be applied in a supply chain, and for that purpose the analysis of supply chain of Empresa de Cervejas da Madeira was used. The choice is related to the fact that fast consumer goods, such as food, textile, and packaging, are particularly interesting for circularity analysis. The literature review allowed the identification of some essential purposes for the application of Circular Economy in the management of a supply chain, which served as a base for analyzing the company's supply chain. This analysis allowed the identification of some obstacles, such as geographical location, and the final consumer's mentality. In this way, some improvements were directly proposed to the supply chain management.
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Broström, Eleonor, and Emelie Karlsson. "There's a new sheriff in town! : En kvalitativ studie om OECD:s implementering av den största internationella skattereformen på över hundra år." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-66930.
Full textThe international tax law has for decades been lagging behind the rapid pace of the globalization, consequently not being able to regulate multinational corporates’ behaviour regarding allocation of profits. This asymmetry has eroded states’ tax bases since multinational corporations has been permitted to allocate profits in any given nation, whereby tax planning has developed a widespread problem within the global business-arena. In order to curb the situation OECD has formulated a new tax regime named Base Erosion Profit Shifting (BEPS), which includes 15 action points with the main purpose to create equality regarding tax collection. Corporations are now facing an immense alteration whereby the global tax-climate is changing. The main purpose of this study is to analyse the impact of the implementation of BEPS Action 7 regarding corporate structure and profitability of Swedish multinational corporations. Furthermore, the study aims to provide guidelines for companies for the forthcoming implementation of BEPS Action 7. In order to fulfil the purpose of the essay we have conducted a qualitative study, which is based on a hermeneutic examination method with an abductive approach. Furthermore, the qualitative study has been conducted by semi-structured interviews with four Swedish listed corporations that have a distinct international connection. The main findings’ regarding BEPS Action 7 is that the implementation can have a certain impact on both corporate structure as well as profitability. Changes within the corporate structure will mainly occur if there is situations of double taxation or if the profitability of the corporation gets negatively affected. Furthermore, the study implies that costs will increase as a consequence of Action 7 due to increased onus regarding administrative tasks, increased resource requirements and more disputes and audits arising as a result of the implementation.
Farias, Sharacely de Souza. "Sistemas de baias coletivas sem e com acesso a piquete externo: bem-estar e desempenho zootécnico de matrizes suínas e leitões na fase reprodutiva." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/74/74131/tde-31072017-105329/.
Full textThe objective of this research was to analyze the animal welfare and the zootechnical performance of sows in the gestation and maternity stages, created in group-housed without and with access to external area. The experiment was carried out in no pig industry of PUSP-FC, University of São Paulo (USP), at the Fernando Costa Campus, in the city of Pirassununga, between November 2015 and March 2016, during a reproductive phase of Swine matrices; Pregnancy and maternity. For this, 13 sows of the lineage TopGen Afrodite® (lineage formed by Large White and Landrace races), with the same physiological characteristics, were submitted to a completely random design. The zootechnical indexes of weaning coverage, hormonal weights, hormonal indicators (collection of oral fluid - salivary cortisol), physiological thermal comfort (skin temperature in the heads, palette and loins), and animal welfare parameters (Based on the environment and animal observations). (P> 0.05). From the results obtained in the physical examination and incidence of lesions and diseases, such as cortisol concentrations and body surface temperatures; As permanent sows and piglets in most of the time the products are closed and in which they were found, animals not housed in the system of collective- housed with access to external area foraged more than the matrices housed in the other treatment; (P2), lost weight during the lactation period (P3) and the others did not differ between the housing systems (P> 0.05). Thus, it was concluded that matrices lived in group-housed without and with access to external area had adequate and equivalent welfare and zootechnical performance.
Puglieri, Thiago Sevilhano. "Investigação de efeitos sinérgicos na degradação de bens culturais: papel de íons metálicos na degradação de gorduras e na geração de formiatos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46132/tde-12042011-141234/.
Full textThe present work aimed at the understanding of the role played by metal ions on the degradation of vegetal and animal fats and on formates formation. The following issues were addressed: 1) the effect of formaldehyde on the corrosion of Pb objects and the possibility of CO2 reduction to formic acid (or formate) by the metal ions present in glass framework; 2) the effect of metal ions on the degradation of vegetal and animal fats, since a large number of pigments are minerals and such fats were often used as paint binders in the past. Raman microscopy was the main technique employed in the investigations which also used FTIR, XRD, SEM, UV-VIS absorption and elemental analysis (C and H). The obtained results indicated that formaldehyde is harmful towards Pb even in the absence of oxidants such as H2O2 and formates were detected among the corrosion products for aldehyde concentrations as low as 100 ppb (100% relative humidity). The investigated H2CO concentrations were 100 ppb, 500 ppb, 1,2 ppm, 44 ppm and 1,6x102 ppm for all of them bands assigned to carbonates and formate were observed, although in most cases the spectra were not simply the sum of Pb(HCO2)2 and PbCO3 contributions revealing a quite complex equilibria involving H2CO, CO2 and H2O concentrations. The effect of relative humidity (54%, 75% and 100%) was studied and formate was detected even at 54% RH. The same corrosion products were observed when both Pb cupons and PbO were exposed to formaldehyde thus making clear the role played by the oxide layer in the formaldehyde to formate oxidation. When the effect of Fe(III) was considered, a home made environmental chamber was used and the effect of the metal ions was investigated in the presence and absence of light. Methyl linoleato, vegetal and animal fats were kept by 8 days under controlled conditions and the changes on composition were followed by Raman and FTIR spectroscopies. The samples proved to be sensitive to both light and Fe(III), however, problems with the replicates so far don\'t allow any conclusion to be driven from the experiments. As a preliminary step in the attempt to extend the fat degradation study to forensic, a draw supposedly authored by Tarsila do Amaral in the 1920 decade was investigated by Raman microscopy. Phthalocyanine Blue (copper phthalocyanine) was found as a component of the green traces and since phthalocynines trade started in 1937, at least the date assigned to the draw is not correct
Possagnolo, Beatriz de Oliveira. "Avaliação de tapete de borracha reciclável em piso de escamoteadores e sua influência no desenvolvimento e bem-estar de leitões na fase de maternidade." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11152/tde-02102017-101114/.
Full textOne of the great pillars for the swine production productive success is the increase in the rate of piglets by sow. However, for this result to be satisfactory it is necessary to reduce the piglet death rate at birth and increase the weight gain by litter. Hence, the animal welfare must be prioritized, the production costs reduced and favorable resources to the production sustainability used. The rubber is recyclable and it is an excellent sustainable resource that can benefit the piglets since it is a resistant material capable of absorbing impact, soft, able to make the environment more comfortable, good heat conductor and non-slip. The objective of this research is to evaluate the efficiency of covering the creep ground with recyclable rubber with the utilization of two different kinds of mats in relation to conventional ground (concrete covered by shavings), aiming to identify the best piglets adaptation taking in observation the thermal comfort, the animal development and increase in productivity. The research took place in the municipality of Mogi-Mirim/SP from July to August of 2015. Three treatments were established: Treatment 1 (T1) - ground covered by shavings; Treatment 2 (T2) - ground covered by rubber mat; Treatment 3 (T3) - ground covered by leaked rubber mat, for 12 litters (+-50 animals/treatment). The analyzed parameters were: behavior and physiological evaluation every other day during the experiment, in three periods: mornings (H1 - 7:00h to 11:00h), afternoon (H2 - 12:00h to 15:00h) and evening (H3 - 16:00h to 18:00h); and the zootechnical indices and the facilities microclimate evaluated daily. It was utilized a Completely Randomized Design (DIC) for the analyses of the enthalpy data, ITU and behavior; and Randomized-Completeblocks Design (DBC) for the physiological analysis. The averages were analysed by the Tuckey\'s test at 5% significance. The facilities microclimate analysis emphasized a constant cold stress, characterized by the enthalpy below 68,40, however, it falls in the ideal range given by the humidity and temperature index (less or equal to 70). The animals from the treatments with rubber mats maintained for a longer period of time and expressed a greater quantity inside of the creep, evidencing a choice for a place of better comfort, compared to the conventional treatment (shavings). The utilization of mats influenced in a positive way in the production when it comes to mortality by crushing. This study opens up new possibilities of evaluating the utilization of recyclable rubber in swine production. Inaugurate possibilities of studying new mat designs, placing in order to establish an innovative product, sustainable, making it a rentable tool, economically efficient in the swine production.
Delamotte, Kieran. "Une étude du rang du noyau de l'équation de Helmholtz : application des H-matrices à l'EFIE." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCD051/document.
Full textThe boundary elements method (BEM) leads to dense linear systemswhose size growsrapidly in pratice ; hence the use of so-called fast methods. The fast multipole method(FMM) accelerates the resolution of BEM systems within an iterative scheme. The H-matrix method speeds up a direct resolution which is needed in massively multiple righthandsides problems. It has been provably introduced in the context of the Laplace equation.However, the use ofH-matrices for relatively high-frequency wave problems leadsto results above expectations. This thesis main goal is to provide an explanation of thesegood results and thus improve the method for higher frequencies.A H-matrix is a compressed tree-based hierarchical representation of the data associated with an admissibility criterion to separate the near (or singular) and far (or compres-sed) fields. An admissible block reads as a UVT rank deficient matrix while the singularblocks are dense with small dimensions. BEM matrices are efficiently represented byH-matrices and this method also allows for a fast Cholesky factorization whose factors arealsoH-matrices.Our work on the admissibility condition emphasizes the necessity of a frequency dependantadmissibility criterion. This new criterion is based on the Fresnel diffraction areathus labelled Fresnel admissibility condition. In that case a precise estimation of the rankof a high-frequency block is proposed thanks to the spheroidal wave functions theory.Consequently, a robust and reliable HCA-II type algorithm has been developed to ensurea compressed precision-controlled assembly. The influence of various parameters on thisnew algorithm behaviour is discussed ; in particular their influence on the control andthe growth of the rank according to the frequency.We define the interaction cross sectionfor two Fresnel-admissible clusters and show in the non-degenerate case that the rankgrowth is linear according to the frequency in the high-frequency regime ; interaction ofcoplanar clusters results in growth like the square root of the frequency. All these resultsare presented on meshes adapted to high-frequency interactions
Benatti, Liliane Aparecida Tanus. "Marcadores fisiológicos do estresse e perfil metabólico de bovinos das raças Curraleiro Pé-Duro, Pantaneiro e Nelore em confinamento experimental." Universidade Federal de Goiás, 2013. http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/3787.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This study aimed at evaluating the productive performance and physiological markers of stress of bovines from different breeds. We evaluated 45 bovines, Curraleiro Pe-Duro (Gcur), Pantaneiro (Gpan) and Nellore (Gnel), finished in feedlot. We analyzed cortisol and acute phase proteins levels, hemogram, protein and energetic profiles and enzymatic evaluation at three moments, M0, M56 and M103, we also carried out the histopathological examination of liver and lymph nodes fragments. Cortisol values in Gnel were higher at M0 than at M103. In all groups, the values of globular volume, hemoglobin, albumin and α-1-acid glycoprotein were higher at M0 than at M103, the same occurred to transferrin in Gpan and Gnel. IgG showed higher concentrations at M0 in all three groups. Fibrinogen in Gpan and Gnel was lower at M103 than in M0. Weight gain was satisfactory in all groups. The ALP and GGT serum values were lower at M0 and AST was lower at M103. The protein and the energetic profile (cholesterol) increased throughout the experiment. Histopathological analysis of liver and mesenteric lymph nodes showed cholangiohepatitis. Feedlot system for Curraleiro Pé-Duro, Pantaneiro and Nellore bovines causes discrete alterations in eritrogram and acute phase protein (α-1-acid glycoprotein). Metabolic and enzymatic profiles as well as hepatic and lymph nodes histopathological evaluation showed presence of cholangiohepatitis; however such alterations did not affect productive performance.
Com este estudo propôs-se avaliar o desempenho e os marcadores fisiológicos de estresse de bovinos de diferentes raças. Foram avaliados 45 bovinos Curraleiro Pé-Duro (Gcur), Pantaneiro (Gpan) e Nelore (Gnel) terminados em confinamento. Analisaram-se os índices cortisol, proteínas de fase aguda, hemograma, perfil proteico, energético e a avaliação enzimática em três momentos, M0, M56 e M103; o desempenho ponderal e o exame histopatológico de fragmentos de fígado e linfonodos. Os valores de cortisol em Gnel no M0 foram maiores em relação ao M103. Nos três grupos, os valores do volume globular, hemoglobina, albumina e α-1 glicoproteína ácida foram mais elevados em M103 quando comparados ao M0 e o mesmo ocorreu com a transferrina em Gpan e Gnel. A IgG foi maior em M0 nos três grupos. O fibrinogênio no Gpan e Gnel foi menor em M103 em relação ao M0. O ganho em peso foi satisfatório em todos os grupos. Os valores séricos da ALP e a GGT foram menores em M0 e da AST em M103. Os perfis proteico e energético (colesterol) aumentaram ao longo do experimento. A análise histopatológica do fígado e linfonodos mesentéricos revelou presença de colangio hepatite. O sistema de confinamento para bovinos da raça Curraleiro Pé-Duro, Pantaneiro e Nelore ocasiona discretas alterações no eritrograma e na proteína de fase aguda (α1- glicoproteína ácida). Os perfis metabólico e enzimático, a avaliação histopatológica hepática e de linfonodos indicaram presença de colangiohepatite, e essas alterações aparentemente não comprometeram o desempenho produtivo.
Gouveia, Luiza Antoniazzi Gomes de. "Associação entre valores de circunferência da cintura e hipertensão arterial, doença cardíaca e diabete melito, referidas por idosos - Estudo SABE: Saúde, Bem-estar e Envelhecimento, 2000 a 2006." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6138/tde-05042013-141155/.
Full textBackground: The positive association between waist circumference (WC) and hypertension (H), diabetes mellitus (DM) and heart disease (HD) is well established and evaluated from critic values that showed this association in adults, however, this relationship must be investigated in the elderly due to physiological changes in this population group. Objective: To analyze the association between WC values, measured in 2000, and H, DM and HD, reported in 2006, and identify WC values, with better discriminatory capacity of the risk for developing these diseases, in elderly residents in the municipality of São Paulo. Methods: This was a longitudinal study using data from the SABE Survey: Health, Wellness and Aging, held in São Paulo, in 2000 and 2006. The study population was comprised of elderly individuals who did not report H, DM and HD in 2000, and who had WC value. The study variables were WC (continuous variable), body mass index (<28 kg/m and 28 kg/m 2 ), sex, age group (60 to 74 and 75), and ethnicity (caucasian and others), information of 2000, and H, DM and HD, reported in 2006. To verify the association, the Rao & Scott test for complex sample was used (p <0.05), and multiple logistic regression. The area under the ROC (Receiver Operating Caracteristics) curve (AUC) was used to estimate the performance of WC values in correctly discriminating elderly, according to the reference or not of diseases associated with WC. WC critical values were identified by the highest positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio equal to zero. To assess the discriminatory capacity of WC values identified in this study and the WC values commonly used (WC 80 ou 88 cm, for women, e WC 94 ou 102 cm, for men) was made the comparison of AUC and confidence intervals of 95 per cent . All calculations carried out by using Stata version 10.0. Results: Four hundred five elderly people were analyzed, of which 26.9 per cent reported H, 4.1 per cent DM and 10.0 per cent HD. The WC value in 2000, was a risk factor for DM reference, in 2006, regardless of sex, age group, ethnicity and body mass index (OR 1.10, 95 per cent CI 1.05-1.16, p=0.000, p model=0.000). The AUC showed satisfactory performance of WC critical values, in discriminating the DM reference to women and men of 60-74 years. The WC critical values identified were 87 cm, for women, and 99 cm, for men, which showed better performance according to the AUC value compared to the WC values commonly used. Conclusion: The WC critical values identified in this study, for individuals of 60-74 years, showed better discriminatory ability of reference of DM, in period of 6 years, compared to the WC values commonly used
Mostaço, Gustavo Marques. "Determinação da temperatura retal e frequência respiratória de suínos em fase de creche por meio da temperatura da superfície corporal em câmara climática." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11152/tde-29052014-150905/.
Full textHuman constant influence in handling activities, besides raising production costs, becomes another stress source for the animals. In this sense, it becomes necessary the development of alternative methods, that can remotely monitor, in real time, animal\'s physical conditions, together with remote facilities control. In terms of identifying comfort or stressful thermal situations for animals, some indicators can be handy, such as rectal temperature (RT), which is a good indicator of the core body temperature, as well as, the respiratory rate (RR). Although, with the raising concerns about animal welfare, several questions are raised against invasive methods, encouraging the search for alternatives to RT measuring. The determination of body surface temperature values, trying to correlate them to RT and RR, emerges as an alternative. Thus, it\'s aimed, with this research, to identify the most adequate swine body surface region, in nursery phase, which presents better correlation with RT and RR. For that, an experiment was conducted, divided in two stages: stage 1) pre-experiment, being conducted with two animals in a climate chamber, varying temperature conditions and testing sensor fixation and data collection methods previously proposed; and stage 2) main experiment. The last one was conducted in a climate chamber, with five Landrace x Large White piglets, 30 days aged, from the same litter and of the same sex (female). Temperature conditions inside the chamber were varied from 14°C to 35.5°C, attaining stressful situations both for cold and heat, being calculated the enthalpy for this study purposes. The statistical design used was the completely randomized, with one factor only, the ambient enthalpy, in seven levels (31.26; 39.56; 51.12; 59.24; 74.82; 82.96; 94.26 kJ.kg of dry air-1). Repeated measures were taken in 30 minutes intervals, in six different body regions: head (A), shoulder (B), loin (C), ham (D), ear (E) and tympanic (F). For regions from A to E, two different methods were used: temperature datalogger Thermochron iButton® - DS1921G and infrared thermometer Fluke® 566. For region F, a forehead and ear infrared thermometer G-Tech - T1000 was used. All of them had five replicates of measures for each variable, in each environment situation. With the obtained data, it was possible to propound multiple regression equations for RT and RR, the last one being shown by principal components analysis as a better candidate to correlate to body surface temperatures and because it\'s a good indicator of the animal\'s thermal stress situation. By means of these results it was possible to observe that the tympanic region arises as the better option for monitoring RT and RR through infrared thermometer (TiF), while when using body surface temperature sensors, the best option was the ear (TbE) for predicting RT, and the loin region (TbC) for predicting RR.
Mavaleix-Marchessoux, Damien. "Modelling the fluid-structure coupling caused by a far-field underwater explosion." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020IPPAE012.
Full textSubmarines must withstand the effects of rapid dynamic loads induced by underwater explosions. Due to the very high cost of experimental campaigns, numerical simulations are very important. A remote underwater explosion is a complex event that has two distinct effects: it sends a shock wave, then creates an oscillating gas bubble that sets water in slower motion. The two phenomena have quite different characteristics and time scales. In this work, we consider remote enough underwater explosions so that (i) the presence of the submarine only marginally affects the explosion, and (ii) there is a temporal separation of the two phenomena, as experienced by the ship. Under these conditions, our overall goal is to design, implement (in the context of high performance computing) then validate a computational methodology for the fluid-structure interaction problem, taking into account both phenomena. With this aim, we first study the two perturbations without considering the submarine, to propose appropriate modelling and numerical methods. Then, we design a fast boundary element (BEM) procedure, based on the combination of the convolution quadrature method and an original empirical high frequency approximation. The procedure allows to efficiently simulate 3D rapid transient wave propagation problems set in an unbounded domain, and shows advantageous complexity: O(1) in regards to the time discretisation and O(N log N) for the spatial discretisation. Finally, we implement adequate finite element/boundary element (FEM/BEM) coupling strategies for the shock wave fluid-structure interaction phase (linear acoustics) and that of the gas bubble (incompressible flow). The overall procedure, validated on academic problems, provides very promising results when applied on realistic industrial cases
Cadiou, François. "Étude de l'impact de la microstructure sur les propriétés effectives électriques des batteries lithium-ion." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI108.
Full textLi-ion batteries are interesting for applications such as electric vehicles. They have indeed a high energy and power density, which makes them good substitutes for internal combustion engines. However, even if they are now quite widely used in many fields, there is still a need to optimize their performance. This requires a better understanding of the impact of the electrodes microstructure on their effective properties to narrow the gap between ideal and practical performance. Three-dimensional characteristics such as the carbon additive percolation or the tortuosity of the porosity have a strong impact on the electrode charge transport properties and power performance. The use of 3D imaging techniques such as X-ray tomography and serial focused ion beam and SEM tomography (FIB/SEM) is very powerful to quantify the electrode microstructures and interpret their charge transport properties. Furthermore, by processing the reconstructed volumes, one can use them as a basis for numerical simulations. We have chosen the FFT (Fast Fourrier Transform) method with "discrete" Green operator for numerical computations. These simulations can either be used to back calculate the phase (active material or conducting additive/binder) conduction properties from macroscopic electrical measurements by inverse method, or to predict the electrode effective conductivity from the phase conductivities. The 3D numerical microstructures obtained can also be modified in order to predict the influence of compositional changes in the electrode formulation on its properties. This study sets new tools to understand better the relationships between microstructure, effective electrical properties and the performance of Li-ion battery composite electrodes
Guzek, Jacek. "Elemental radiography using fast neutron beams." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/11454.
Full textSharma, Arun Kumar. "Transient studies in fast-fluidized beds /." Diss., 2000. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:9995537.
Full textMIRABELLI, RICCARDO. "Development of a new tracking device for characterization and monitoring of ultra fast neutron beams." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1357396.
Full textEisenbarth, Udo [Verfasser]. "Laser cooling of fast stored ion beams to extreme phase-space densities / presented by Udo Eisenbarth." 2001. http://d-nb.info/963188208/34.
Full textDE, SIMONI MICOL. "Development of tools for quality control on therapeutic carbon beams with a fast-MC code (FRED)." Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1545155.
Full textTSENG, JEN-TE, and 曾仁德. "Study on Simultaneous Measurement of Wave Plate in Phase Retardation and Fast Axis Angle by using Radially Polarized Light Beams." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02750813427575650584.
Full text逢甲大學
電機工程學系
105
This thesis proposes a simple method for simultaneously measuring the phase retardation and fast axis angle of wave plates. It is based on the radial polarized beams that can be supplied linearly polarized lights from 0 to 360 degrees. In the apparatus, when the radially polarized light beams passes through a wave plate, every pixel have different intensity variations. The intensity variations patterns can be captured by charge-coupled device from analyzer. By analyzing the information of the intensity variations patterns, the phase retardation and fast axis angle of wave plates can be simultaneously obtained with a specially derived equation. To validate the proposed method, the half-wave plate and quarter-wave plate were measured experimentally. The measured results were determined to be in good agreement with the theoretical data. Because the proposed method requires only two intensity variations patterns, it has the advantages of easy operation and rapid measurement. Additionally, this method has a simple structure and ease of installation and operation.
Leiras, Diana. "O Papel do Agente de Execução na Fase da Penhora-Determinação dos Bens a Penhorar." Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11110/662.
Full textPereira, Filomena Moreira Pinto. "Bem-estar espiritual, qualidade de vida e coping na fase final de vida." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/14973.
Full textThis study aimed to contribute to the improvement of nursing care promotes better adaptive coping strategies potentiating of spiritual well-being and quality of life for patients with cancer in the final stage of life. Three-hundred and forty six cancer patients in end of receiving palliative care have participated in the study.The study has been developed in three phases. In the first phase, there were methodological and descriptive studies for cultural adaptation and validation of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Genera Scale l (FACT-G),version 4, the Functional Assessment of Chronic ILLness Therapy-Spiritual well-being Scale (FACIT-Sp12), and adaptation study to the serlected population of the Mini Mental Adjustment to cancer Scale (Mini-MAC Scale). The results demonstrated that these scales have good psychometric properties, justifying its use in the study of quality of life, spiritual well-being and mental adjustment of the end of life cancer patients in palliative care. In the second phase, a exploratory, descriptive and transversal study was developed. The results showed that the spiritual well-being was perceived as positive and standing to a medium level, influenced by socio-demographic variables (age, marital status and religion) and by the disease variables (knowledge of the disease, type of treatment, type of assistance). The quality of life (QL) was perceived as positive and influenced by socio-demographic variables (gender, age, marital status and religion) and by disease variables (knowledge of the disease, type of assistance). The coping strategies used by patients were mainly emotion-focused like "cognitive avoidance" and "fatalism". Coping was influenced by both socio-demographic variables (gender, age, education, marital status and religion) and disease variables (time since diagnosis, type of treatment and type of assistance). There was correlation between quality of life perception and coping. Strategies like "fighting spirit" and "fatalism” proved to be the most adaptive and predictive of better quality of life and spiritual well-being. The spiritual well-being influences positively the global QL and all its dimensions, pointing to a QL approach based on the spiritual and biopsychosocial model in oncology and palliative care. In the third phase, a nursing intervention model was developed, which promoted the use of more adaptive coping strategies, with positive outcomes at the level of spiritual well-being and quality of life in end of life cancer patients, admitted in a palliative care.
Rodrigues, Inês Raquel Costa. "Fase de resolução e funcionamento sexual." Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/8306.
Full textResolução é o termo dado à última fase do ciclo de resposta sexual, ou seja, o estado psicológico e psicofisiológico que ocorre imediatamente após a atividade sexual. É a fase menos estudada, havendo grandes lacunas no conhecimento das suas características e dos seus correlatos, determinantes e efeitos. O presente estudo visa o desenvolvimento e validação da Escala de Resolução Sexual (SRS) (Objetivo 1) e analisar se a profundidade da resolução se correlaciona com outras dimensões da resposta sexual, com a qualidade da relação amorosa e com o bem-estar emocional (Objetivo 2). Para o Objetivo 1 a amostra foi constituída por 476 sujeitos (304 mulheres e 172 homens) e para o Objetivo 2 a amostra foi composta por 404 sujeitos heterossexuais (253 mulheres e 151 homens). Utilizou-se um questionário relativo ao desejo, excitação, orgasmo e satisfação durante a última relação sexual, a Escala de Resolução Sexual, o Índice de Funcionamento Sexual Feminino, a Escala de Distress Sexual Feminino - Revista, o Índice Internacional de Função Erétil, o Inventário de Componentes da Qualidade Relacional Percebida e a Escala de Ansiedade, Depressão e Stress. A SRS é constituída por dois fatores (Experiência Interna e Abertura à Comunicação) e possui uma consistência interna adequada. A intensidade da resolução correlacionou-se com melhor funcionamento sexual e melhor qualidade da relação amorosa. A SRS é um bom indicador do estado de consciência particular que ocorre após as relações sexuais. Quanto melhor o funcionamento sexual, mais profunda é a fase de resolução.
Resolution is the term given to the last phase of the sexual response cycle, that is, the psychological and psychophysiological state occurring immediately after sexual activity. Resolution is the least studied phase; there are huge gaps in the knowledge of its characteristics, correlates, determinants and effects. The present study aims to develop and validate the Sexual Resolution Scale (SRS) (Objetive 1) and to analyze whether the depth of resolution correlates with other dimensions of sexual response, quality of the love relationship, and emotional well-being (Objetive 2). For Objective 1 the sample consisted of 476 subjects (304 women and 172 men) and for Objective 2 the sample consisted of 404 heterosexual subjects (254 women and 151 men). Measures included questions regarding desire, arousal, orgasmo, and satisfaction during last sexual intercourse, the Sexual Resolution Scale, the Female Sexual Functioning Index, the Female Sexual Distress Scale - Revised, the International Index of Erectile Function, the Perceived Relationship Quality Components Inventory and the Anxiety, Depression and Stress Scale. The SRS is constituted by two factors (Internal Experience and Openess to Communication) and has adequate internal consistency. The intensity of the resolution phase correlates with better sexual functioning and better quality of the love relationship. The SRS appears to be a good indicator of the particular state of consciousness that occurs after sexual activity. The better the sexual functioning, the deeper the resolution phase.
Teixeira, Bárbara Isabel das Neves Vilela. "Posições verticais no segundo estádio do trabalho de parto geradoras de bem-estar :." Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/18977.
Full textVale, Ana Isabel Domingues Pereira. "Análise do bem-estar, expectativas futuras e aspirações escolares de jovens adolescentes em fase de transição vocacional." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/3499.
Full textA investigação sobre o bem-estar, enquadrada no âmbito da Psicologia, organiza-se segundo duas perspetivas principais, as quais refletem origens e conceptualizações distintas. A primeira designa-se por Bem-Estar Subjetivo e tem como objetivo a compreensão da dimensão afetiva (felicidade) e cognitiva (satisfação com a vida) da avaliação subjetiva que o indivíduo faz das suas experiências de vida, sendo o seu principal investigador Ed Diener. A segunda perspetiva, designada por Bem-Estar Psicológico, propõe um modelo multidimensional de funcionamento psicológico positivo, concebido por Carol Ryff, o qual contempla seis dimensões distintas: autonomia, domínio do meio, crescimento pessoal, relações positivas com os outros, objetivos na vida e aceitação pessoal. As expectativas e as aspirações constituem um dos fatores que tem sido estudado em relação ao bem-estar, sendo que as aspirações e expectativas educacionais dos jovens predizem não só as atuais escolhas vocacionais como também a sua concretização. As aspirações e expectativas são orientadas para o futuro, fazendo parte de uma mudança na perspetiva temporal durante a adolescência. A qualidade das atitudes dos jovens na definição das expetativas futuras é um aspeto importante a considerar, na medida em que uma orientação otimista e esperançosa poderá refletir-se ao nível do esforço empreendido na prossecução dos seus objetivos. Tendo em consideração a importância que assume a transição vocacional, nesta fase de desenvolvimento, afigura-se pertinente compreender a relação entre o bem-estar, as expetativas futuras e aspirações escolares de jovens, nesta fase de transição, já que as suas opções vocacionais irão determinar o rumo das suas vidas e a construção do seu bem-estar. Num primeiro momento, foram validados os instrumentos “Escala de Expectativas Positivas Futuras” de İmamoğlu e a “Escala de Bem-Estar Subjetivo para Adolescentes” de Eryilmaz, numa uma amostra de 109 jovens a frequentar o 8.º ano de escolaridade. Num segundo momento, foi desenvolvido o estudo principal, numa amostra de 155 jovens a frequentar o 9.º ano de escolaridade (87 rapazes e 68 raparigas), com idades compreendidas entre os 14 e 17 anos (M=14,88, DP=,906). Na análise descritiva verificou-se que os jovens reportaram níveis médios razoáveis ao nível do bem-estar psicológico, do bem-estar subjetivo, das expetativas positivas futuras e uma orientação de vida mais otimista. No que se refere às aspirações escolares, a grande maioria pretende continuar os seus estudos, sendo que os seus projetos futuros se relacionam sobretudo com a educação e trabalho. Ao nível da análise inferencial, diferentes variáveis surgem como correlatos e preditores do bem-estar psicológico e do bem-estar subjetivo, salientando-se o papel do bem-estar psicológico na predição do bem-estar subjetivo (44,1% da variância) sobressaindo como dimensões significativas o domínio do meio (ß=,321), as relações positivas (ß=,241), os objetivos na vida (ß=-,239) e a aceitação pessoal (ß=.,255). Salienta-se também o papel da satisfação escolar na orientação de vida (otimista), no bem-estar subjetivo (tolerância com os outros) e no bem-estar psicológico (autonomia, domínio do meio, relações positivas, crescimento pessoal, relações positivas, objetivos na vida e aceitação pessoal).
Ricardo, Luciana Isabel Magalhães. "O bem-estar subjetivo no contexto da atividade empreendedora na fase de startup: alguns antecedentes e aspetos contextuais." Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/19948.
Full textIn this research we intended to deepen the study of the factors that can influence the subjective well-being of entrepreneurs. More precisely, to analyse the relationship between the meaningful work and the work-life imbalance with the subjective well-being of the entrepreneurs; to understand if the perception of stress mediates the relation between mindfulness and the subjective well-being of the entrepreneurs; and finally, to realize if the experience in the entrepreneurial activity has any effect on the perception of stress in the subjective well-being. The data were collected in 94 different startups and the sample had 182 participants, of which 59.3% were male, and the age mode was 23 years old. The results show that there is an association between the variables under study. The greater the meaning of work, the greater the subjective well-being of the entrepreneur. The greater the work-life imbalance, the less the individual's well-being. It was also concluded that the perception of stress mediates the relationship between mindfulness and the well-being of the entrepreneur; and finally, that the experience in the entrepreneurial activity moderates the mediation previously described. This study contributed to the deepening of knowledge about some factors that can influence the subjective well-being of the entrepreneurs in the startup phase which, since all the hypotheses were properly corroborated, can become the basis for further investigations.
Pinheiro, Ana Inês Furriel de Moura. "Aplicação do Protocolo Welfare Quality® de suínos de engorda a Leitões na fase de recria." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10348/9317.
Full textA produção e comercialização de leitão em Portugal é algo que faz parte da tradição portuguesa e que nos remonta ao século passado. No entanto, em pleno século XXI, e com toda a evolução tecnológica, este tipo de produção passa a ter um peso significativo na economia do país. A par da evolução tecnológica, existiu também um aumento na exigência do nível de bem-estar destes animais, melhorando a qualidade do produto animal. Neste trabalho pretendeu-se adaptar o protocolo Welfare Quality® já existente para porcos de engorda, a leitões em fase de recria, com destino ao abate entre os 21 e os 28 dias. Para tal, foram avaliados leitões, em fases diferentes da recria e em horas diferentes do dia, de acordo com as medidas mencionadas no protocolo, no entanto, com algumas limitações e adaptações devido ao tipo de exploração e ao maneio inerente à mesma. O estudo foi realizado em duas explorações, tendo sido avaliados três lotes de animais (um com 147 e dois com 140 animais) de duas explorações diferentes. Uma vez que a avaliação dos critérios de bem-estar foi feita de forma diferente, não foi possível classificar a exploração conforme descriminada no protocolo para porcos de engorda. No entanto, foi possível verificar que, das 26 medidas descritas no protocolo Welfare Quality® para porcos de engorda, apenas 3 foram avaliadas de igual forma. Dasrestantes, 14 não puderam ser avaliadas e 9 sofreram alguma adaptação. Uma das conclusões que tiramos deste trabalho foi que consoante o momento do dia e a fase da recria, podemos ter resultados diferentes. Na medida “comportamentos sociais negativos”, é na fase da manhã que existe um maior número de lutas uma vez que estes animais se encontram mais ativos. Além disso, existem diferenças altamente significativas (p= 0,003) entres as várias semanas de recria, com um maior registo deste tipo de lesão na primeira semana após o desmame. Apesar de ser uma amostra pequena, os resultados permitem alertar para a importância de ajustar o protocolo Welfare Quality em leitões, uma vez que pode constituir uma ferramenta de extrema utilidade para os produtores, os quais enfrentam, cada vez mais, inúmeros desafios para garantir adequadamente o bem-estar destes animais. Apesar do período de tempo de recria ser curto, é nesta fase onde podemos muitas vezes evitar alguns problemas, nomeadamente comportamentais, na fase mais crítica de produção - a fase de acabamento, nomeadamente problemas comportamentais que podem muitas vezes levar a perdas económicas significativas por parte do produtor.
Piglet production and trading is something that is part of portuguese tradition and it goes back to the last century. However, in the middle of twenty-one century, with all of technology evolution, this type of husbandry had a significant importance to Portugal economy. Along with this technological development there was also an increase on the required level of these animals’ welfare to improve the quality of the products. This work aimed to adapt the preexistent Welfare Quality protocol for fattening pigs to weaned piglets, meant for slaughter within 21 and 28 days. To do so, the piglets were evaluated according to the criteria in the protocol, however, with different timings and with some limitations due to the type of farms and the consequent husbandry. Given that the welfare criteria’s determination differed, it was not possible to classify the farm as discriminated in the original protocol. Nevertheless, we were able to compare the three weeks and the different times of day in order to understand if these influence the animals’ welfare, and how. The study included three lots of animals (one with 147 and two with 140 animals) of two different farms. One of the conclusions was that there can be different results depending on the time of the day. For instance, regarding, the negative social behavior, the animals are more active in the morning, so fighting is more frequent during this time of day. Moreover, there are significant differences (p<0,0001) between results of different phases of post-weaned piglets’ period. Wounds on body with score 2 presents significative differences (p=0,003) between the weeks of post-weaned period. Although the studied sample was small, the results allow us to raise awareness among farmers about the welfare of piglets, a subject often forgotten because of the short period they spend in farms. Although the due importance is not given to the piglets’ husbandry, it is a stage where some problems, such as behavior issues, can be avoided during the most critical stage of pig-farming – grower-finished phase.
Silva, Ana Rita Esteves de Sousa e. "Estimulação da memória na doença de Alzheimer em fase inicial: o papel da SenseCam no funcionamento cognitivo e no bem-estar." Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/31076.
Full textThe Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia, and its clinical presentation is characterized by memory deficits, at first, followed by progressive generalized cognitive deficits. This cognitive impairment with a gradual character affects significantly AD patients’ well-being, mainly their emotional state and daily function. Although the first line of treatment, after de diagnosis, is the pharmacological, there is a growing consensus regarding the need to complement these treatments with non-pharmacological interventions, in order to reduce the impact of the disease. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation (NR) is the non-pharmacological intervention paradigm first implemented with these patients. However, the fact that it requires intensive and repetitive cognitive training brought limited benefits for AD patients, due to frequent dropouts and limited effects not generalized to long term. The utility of the NR interventions in AD changed in the beginning of this century, with the appearance of cognitive stimulation based on internal strategies (such as errorless learning, spaced retrieval, and vanishing cues) that a wide range of studies showed their efficacy in the optimization of preserved abilities and also in the facilitation of learning abilities that the mild stage of AD still allows. At the same time, a strong focus in external strategies for cognitive stimulation in AD also raised, namely in the domain of the “cognitive prosthetics”. Technological advances led to the development of effective less demanding tools regarding the cognitive resources they required for its use, as so becoming helpful for these patients to compensate for their cognitive deficits. In this context, the device Sensecam was built – a wearable and automatic camera, that captures images from patients’ daily life, from their perspective. The promising findings from the first clinical studies with this cognitive prosthetic tool justify the choice of this device to be tested in the present research. Based in the NR paradigm, this research focused on the understanding of the effectiveness of the SenseCam use, as a tool of cognitive stimulation, with the aims of: a) to know the effects of this tool in cognitive performance and well-being of patients with mild AD and b) to compare the effects of this external strategy with a programme of training based on internal strategies’ (Memo+) and a structured diary applied to these patients. Additionally, we looked to promote a deeper understanding about how metacognitive abilities of these patients (awareness about oneself cognitive abilities) are stimulated with the participation in sessions of cognitive stimulation. Methods: The present research is cross-sectional. We examined first the utility of a set of neuropsychological assessment instruments as outcome measures to test the effects of the SenseCam in a sample of 29 healthy adults (15 young adults and 14 older adults), and we collected data about the immediate effects on memory performance of the SenseCam use during three days. We then proceed to the main study in which we assessed the efficacy of SenseCam use, comparatively to a cognitive training programme (Memo+) and to a written diary, during six weeks of training, concerning the cognitive performance, state of humour and well-being (examined through the evaluation of depressive symptoms, functional capacity and quality of life) in a sample of 51 patients with mild AD. In this study beyond the evaluation of the immediate effects we also tested the long term effects of the three interventions (SenseCam, Memo+ and diary) in a six-months follow-up. Results: The cognitive intervention based in the SenseCam device contributed, in general, to ameliorate the cognitive performance of the participants, both in the pilot study with healthy young and older adults and in the clinical study with mild AD patients. For the AD patients it was found, immediately and six months after the intervention with SenseCam, an increase in autobiographical memory performance compared to baseline and compared to the Memo+ and the diary interventions. The SenseCam intervention showed an equivalent effect to the programme Memo+ in most measures of memory and in some measures of executive function. Regarding non-cognitive measures used in this study, both the SenseCam and Memo+ interventions contributed to a decrease of depressive symptomatology and also to a diminution in the self-perceived dysfunctionality, comparatively to the diary intervention. However, contrary to the effects in cognition, those effects were not maintained at follow-up. At end, concerning the impact of the cognitive interventions in metacognitive abilities, none contributed to increase the accuracy rates of memory abilities in this sample of mild AD patients. They maintaining an overestimation of performance independently of the intervention of cognitive stimulation applied and to the feedback received. Conclusions: Globally, and despite the limitations of the present research (regarding the sample size and the suitability of the outcome measures applied) these results increase the relevance of the development of non-pharmacological interventions for patients with mild AD, particularly those based in NR and in the most recent developments regarding internal and external strategies of cognitive stimulation. Interventions using the device SenseCam appear as good alternative to the interventions based on rehearsal of internal cognitive strategies, more demanding for both the patients and the therapists. On the other side, the observed efficacy of the multi-task programme Memo+, designed to be tested in the present investigation and based on documented effective internal strategies of cognitive improvement to optimize preserved abilities, reveals that this intervention, aimed to optimize instead of to compensate for the deficits, is also useful for patients with mild AD. However, the limited effects of both interventions (the SenseCam and the Memo+) regarding well-being of the patients suggest the need for further probe of these results. Future lines of research should examine to what extent the conjoint utilization of the interventions that this research revealed to be effective amplify its effectiveness and contribute significantly to the increase of well-being in the long term of the patients with mild AD. Key words: Alzheimer’s disease; memory; SenseCam; neuropsychological rehabilitation; non-pharmacological interventions; cognition; well-being.
A doença de Alzheimer (DA) é a forma mais comum de demência e a sua manifestação clínica evidencia défices primariamente mnésicos, progressivamente generalizados a outros domínios cognitivos. Este decréscimo cognitivo com caráter progressivo interfere significativamente no bem-estar dos pacientes com DA, afetando o seu estado de humor e a sua funcionalidade diária. Embora a primeira linha de atuação nesta doença, após o diagnóstico, seja o tratamento farmacológico, há um consenso crescente relativamente à urgência de complementar esta atuação com a implementação de intervenções não farmacológicas, de modo a reduzir o impacto da doença. A Reabilitação Neuropsicológica (RN) foi a abordagem não farmacológica inicialmente implementada com estes pacientes, mas o facto de se basear no treino cognitivo intensivo e repetitivo levou a que estas intervenções apresentassem poucos benefícios na DA, nomeadamente devido a um elevado número de desistências do tratamento e dos ganhos se circunscreverem ao momento imediato. A pouca utilidade das intervenções baseadas na RN para a DA alterou-se, no início deste século, com o surgimento de estratégias internas de estimulação cognitiva (como a aprendizagem sem erros, a recuperação espaçada e o desvanecimento de pistas) tendo um conjunto vasto de estudos mostrado a sua eficácia na potenciação das capacidades preservadas destes pacientes e na facilitação da capacidade de aprendizagem que a plasticidade cerebral remanescente ainda permite, na fase inicial da DA. Paralelamente, ocorreu também uma maior disseminação de estratégias externas de estimulação cognitiva na DA, denominadas “próteses cognitivas”. Os avanços tecnológicos conduziram ao desenvolvimento de ferramentas mais eficazes e menos exigentes do ponto de vista dos recursos cognitivos necessários para a sua utilização, o que pode ajudar os pacientes a compensar as suas limitações cognitivas. Neste contexto, surgiu a SenseCam – uma câmara fotográfica automática portátil, que capta imagens do dia-a-dia vivenciado pelos pacientes, a partir da sua perspetiva. Os resultados promissores dos primeiros estudos clínicos com esta prótese cognitiva justificaram a sua utilização no presente projeto de estudo. Ancorada num paradigma de RN, a presente investigação centrou-se na compreensão da eficácia da utilização da SenseCam, como ferramenta de estimulação cognitiva, procurando: a) conhecer os efeitos deste dispositivo no desempenho cognitivo e no bem-estar de pacientes com DA em fase inicial e b) comparar os efeitos desta estratégia externa de RN com um conjunto de estratégias internas (programa Memo+ e escrita de um diário estruturado) aplicadas a estes pacientes. De forma complementar, procurámos perceber em que medida as competências metacognitivas (de tomada de consciência das capacidades cognitivas por parte dos pacientes) seriam potenciadas através da participação em sessões de estimulação cognitiva. Metodologia: A presente investigação é de natureza transversal. Principiámos por examinar a utilidade de instrumentos de avaliação neuropsicológica enquanto medidas de eficácia para examinar os efeitos da SenseCam numa amostra de 29 adultos saudáveis (15 adultos jovens e 14 adultos idosos), tendo recolhido dados sobre a eficácia imediata no desempenho mnésico da utilização da SenseCam durante três dias. Seguidamente, procedemos ao estudo principal no qual avaliámos a eficácia da SenseCam comparativamente com um programa de treino cognitivo (Memo+) e um diário escrito, com a duração de seis semanas, no desempenho cognitivo e no bem-estar (examinado através da avaliação do humor deprimido, da capacidade funcional e da qualidade de vida, do ponto de vista do paciente) de 51 pacientes com diagnóstico de DA em fase inicial. Neste estudo, examinámos, além da eficácia imediata, a eficácia a longo prazo das três intervenções (SenseCam, Memo+ e diário), seis meses após o términus das sessões de estimulação cognitiva. Resultados: A intervenção baseada na SenseCam permitiu, de uma maneira geral, melhorar o desempenho cognitivo dos participantes, quer no estudo piloto com adultos jovens e idosos saudáveis quer no estudo clínico com os pacientes com DA inicial. Para os pacientes com DA verificou-se, imediatamente e seis meses após a intervenção com a SenseCam, um desempenho mnésico autobiográfico superior ao desempenho de base, e mais elevado relativamente às intervenções Memo+ e diário escrito. Essa intervenção apresentou um benefício idêntico ao programa Memo+ no desempenho mnésico global e em algumas medidas de funcionamento executivo. Relativamente às medidas não cognitivas utilizadas, as intervenções com recurso à SenseCam e ao Memo+ permitiram a diminuição dos sintomas depressivos e a perceção de menos disfuncionalidade, por comparação com a intervenção baseada no diário. Contudo, contrariamente aos efeitos cognitivos, esses efeitos não se mantiveram após seis meses. Finalmente, no que concerne ao impacto das intervenções ao nível da metacognição, nenhuma delas contribuiu para aumentar o nível de exatidão dos julgamentos de desempenho cognitivo por parte dos pacientes examinados. Estes continuaram a sobrestimar o seu desempenho, independentemente da participação em intervenções de estimulação cognitiva, e do feedback recebido. Conclusões: De um modo global e não obstante as limitações da presente investigação (do ponto de vista amostral e da adequação das medidas de eficácia utilizadas), estes resultados reforçam a importância do desenvolvimento de intervenções não farmacológicas para pacientes com DA em fase inicial, de modo particular aquelas que radicam nos princípios da RN e nos avanços mais recentes, quer relativos a estratégias internas quer a estratégias externas de estimulação cognitiva. A intervenção com recurso à SenseCam afigura-se como alternativa a intervenções baseadas em estratégias internas, mais exigentes para os pacientes e para os terapeutas. Por outro lado, a eficácia observada do programa multitarefas Memo+, construído para ser testado na presente investigação, com base em estratégias internas de estimulação cognitiva referidas na literatura como eficazes na potenciação das capacidades cognitivas remanescentes, revela que também esta intervenção, de natureza de restituição funcional e não de compensação, tem utilidade para os pacientes com DA em fase inicial. Contudo, os efeitos limitados de ambas as intervenções (SenseCam e Memo+) a respeito do bem-estar geral destes pacientes sugerem a necessidade de aprofundamento dos resultados encontrados. Linhas investigacionais futuras deverão examinar em que medida a atuação conjunta destas intervenções, que a presente investigação mostrou como sendo eficazes, potenciam essa mesma eficácia e contribuem, significativamente, para o aumento do bem-estar a longo prazo dos pacientes com DA inicial.
Ribeiro, Susana Filipa Teixeira. "The Internationalization of SUMOL+COMPAL to Angola: a case study." Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/11140.
Full textO presente caso de estudo foi desenvolvido no âmbito do Mestrado em International Management pelo ISCTE Business School. O presente caso de estudo resulta da motivação pessoal para compreender quais as principais oportunidades e desafios no processo de internacionalização de uma empresa de bens de grande consumo (FMCG). Com o objetivo de compreender o processo de internacionalização de uma empresa, incluindo quais as motivações que estiveram na sua origem, como entrar num mercado externo e como construir uma estratégia internacional, o presente caso segue uma abordagem interpretativa. De modo a proceder a uma análise do caso, foram utilizados dados quantitativos e qualitativos. Alguns destes foram gentilmente cedidos pela SUMOL+COMPAL e outros recolhidos através de pesquisa. Através dos dados recolhidos, os resultados obtidos revelaram um impacto no aumento nas vendas em Angola nos últimos cinco anos, o que reflete a importância deste mercado para o Grupo SUMOL+COMPAL. Em suma, o caso envolve a reflecção acerca do processo de internacionalização de uma empresa, tendo em consideração as razões que levaram à decisão de internacionalização, como entrar num mercado externo e como definir o plano internacional estratégico. Assim, este estudo revela ser relevante para a Gestão Internacional como objeto de estudo e conhecimento acerca da realidade de muitas empresas: a internacionalização
Gomes, João Miguel Carraço. "Caracterização e comparação do perfil da intensidade do esforço e do dispêndio energético entre o treino "as many rounds/reps as possible" e o reino "as fast as possible"." Master's thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10437/8631.
Full textObjetivo: A presente dissertação de mestrado teve como principal objetivo caraterizar, e comparar, o perfil da intensidade de esforço e o dispêndio energético no treino “as many rounds/reps as possible” (AMRAP) e no treino “as fast as possible” (AFAP). Método: Foi efetuada uma revisão sistemática de literatura (RSL) onde se sumariou o CrossFit, nomeadamente nos protocolos de treino AMRAP e AFAP. Posteriormente foi realizado um estudo observacional discritivo onde se investigou as diferenças entre os dois protocolos de treino (AMRAP e AFAP) ao nível de frequência cardíaca, dispêndio energético e escala subjectiva de esforço. Participaram no estudo 20 participantes, 11 do género masculino e 9 de género feminino, com idades entre os 20-43 anos, treinados á pelo menos 6 meses habitantes na zona da Expo. Resultados: Foram implicados 6 artigos na RSL, onde se verificou que os protocolos de alta intensidade, nomeadamente os protocolos de CrossFit, promovem melhoras significativas em todos os componentes da condição física (principalmente a capacidade cardiovascular). Os resultados do estudo observacional demonstraram que o protocolo de treino AFAP promoveu valores ligeiramente superiores no Dispendio Energético (DE) e na Frequência Cardíaca (FC) média e estatisticamente superiores na escala subjectiva de esforço (RPE), comparativamente ao protocolo de treino AMRAP. Na FCmáx (%) o protocolo de treino AMRAP promoveu valores ligeiramente superiores. Alguns destes resultados vão ao encontro dos resultados encontrados na RSL. Conclusões: A realização deste estudo verificou que os dois protocolos de treino são semelhantes a nível de FC, DE e RPE. Embora tenham existido diferenças entre os protocolos de treino, apenas em um caso a diferença foi significativa (RPE) o que se explica pelo fato de serem ambos protocolos de grandes intensidades (acima dos 85% Fcméd) promovendo dispêndios energéticos elevados.
Objective: The main objective of this Master's Dissertation was to characterize and compare the profile of effort intensity and energy expenditure in the "as many rounds / reps as possible" (AMRAP) and as fast as possible (AFAP). Method: A systematic review of the literature (RSL) was done in which CrossFit was summarized, namely in the AMRAP and AFAP protocols. Subsequently, a discretionary observational study was conducted to investigate the differences between the two protocols (AMRAP and AFAP) at heart rate, energy expenditure and subjective effort scale. Twenty participants, 11 males and 9 females, aged 20-43 years, trained at least 6 months in the Expo area, Lisbon, participated in the study. Results: Six articles were implicated in RSL, where it was verified that the high intensity protocols, namely the CrossFit protocols, promote significant improvements in all components of the physical condition (mainly cardiovascular capacity). The results of the observational study demonstrated that the AFAP protocol promoted slightly higher values in Energy Dispensing (SD) and Heart Rate (FC) and statistically higher in the subjective effort scale (RPE) compared to AMRAP. In HRmax (%) the AMRAP protocol promoted slightly higher values. Some of these results are in line with the results found in RSL. Conclusions: The accomplishment of this study demonstrates that the two training protocols are similar at the level of HR, ED and RPE. Although there were differences between the two protocols, only one case was significant, which is explained by the fact that both protocols were of high intensities (above 85%) and promoted significant energy expenditures.