Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Fasciae (anatomy)'
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Snoeck, Olivier. "Contribution à l'étude in-vitro de la voie de transmission de force myofasciale: anatomie, biomécanique et implications cliniques." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209080.
Full textCe travail de thèse contribue à déterminer chez l’humain, le rôle de différentes structures fasciales (expansions aponévrotiques, tissu conjonctif aréolaire, fascia profond et paratendon) disposées en parallèle ou en série avec leur tendon respectif.
La première partie de ce travail est consacrée à l’étude de l’expansion aponévrotique du biceps brachial. Deux protocoles ont été développés sur spécimens cadavériques frais. Un premier, anatomique, a permis de mettre en évidence des caractéristiques individuelles telles que la longueur et la largeur sans lien avec le sexe et la latéralité. D’autre part, une partie profonde de l’expansion aponévrotique du biceps brachial a été observée de façon constante.
Le second, biomécanique, nous a permis d’étudier les mouvements de flexion du coude et de supination de l’avant-bras ainsi que les bras de leviers instantanés du muscle biceps brachial avec et sans la présence de son expansion aponévrotique. Les résultats nous indiquent que cette structure limite la flexion du coude ainsi que la supination de l’avant-bras, tout en maintenant une rythmicité entre la flexion et la supination. D’autre part, elle permet d’augmenter le bras de levier musculaire du muscle biceps brachial en flexion et en supination.
Dans la seconde partie de ce travail, notre étude in-vitro s’est intéressée à la contribution relative des structures tendineuses et fasciales sur l'avantage mécanique musculaire lors d’une plastie du ligament croisé antérieur aux tendons des muscles droit interne et demi-tendineux. Les résultats suggèrent que la voie myofasciale des muscles droit interne et du demi-tendineux semble cruciale pour la transmission de force permettant le déplacement du segment jambier.
Malgré les limitations inhérentes aux études sur préparations anatomiques, ce travail contribue à une meilleure connaissance de certaines structures fasciales, dont les implications cliniques devraient être prises en considération.
Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Nash, Lance Graham, and n/a. "The deep cervical fascia : an anatomical study." University of Otago. Department of Anatomy & Structural Biology, 2006. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20060810.155517.
Full textLandorf, Karl B. "Effectiveness of foot orthoses in the treatment of plantar fasciitis." Thesis, View thesis, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/696.
Full textLandorf, Karl B., University of Western Sydney, College of Social and Health Sciences, and School of Exercise and Health Sciences. "Effectiveness of foot orthoses in the treatment of plantar fasciitis." THESIS_CSHS_EHS_Landorf_K.xml, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/696.
Full textDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Landorf, Karl B. "Effectiveness of foot orthoses in the treatment of plantar fasciitis /." View thesis, 2004. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20050309.093301/index.html.
Full textSami, Bahgat Abdulkareem. "Quantitative morphology of the lumbar facets, muscles and fascia in relation to core stability." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2015. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/6506/.
Full textAbrassart, Sophie. "Anatomie de l'épaule : implications en chirurgie." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA113002.
Full textI would like to make a practical thesis. Shoulder surgery is growing and growing as the population is ageing and people is doing more and more sports activities. A lot of technical progress were done but there are still a lot of surgical complications. On the other way some very old anatomical ideas are still alive. I want to see with the actual knowledge, if some surgical complications could be explained by anatomy. Subacromial pathology and bone quality remain the two mainproblems of shoulder surgery and pathology. That’s what had suggested to me this study about the shoulder. I was supposed to analyze glenoid bone first .The aim was to know more about arterial supply of glenoid. That was my firststudy (article 1). Then, I was interested in glenoid bone quality. And the second study had appeared. (article 2). During the shoulder dissection, I was looking for the fascia delto-trapezoidal which I didn’t found as described in books. It was my third study. (article 3). Going on I found the coraco-acromial ligament and I was surprised to see the constant portion under the acromial process. And that gave me the idea for the fourth study. (article 4).As I had discovered the very interesting technique of micro-Ct densitometry, I would like to apply it to the humeral head bone. There was the fifth study. (article 5)But, I want to know more and more about bone quality and I went on with the greater tuberosity and especially the area ofsupraspinatus insertion. The insertion and the sub-chondral bone were analyzed. There’s the last but not least study!(article 6). I was really interested in supraspinatus muscle and tendon and I want to follow the course of the muscle as the zone of conflict. I was the subject of study in life as I went through RMI . The muscle was reconstructed as finite element. Then it was possible to describe the zone of conflict with the supraspinatus. Here’s the seventh article. (article 7)
BOOLAUCK, SERGE-JOCELYN. "Le muscle temporal et ses fascias : interet en chirurgie maxillo-faciale, plastique et reconstructrice." Nantes, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NANT125M.
Full textTurcotte, Marie-Christine. "La queue du rat : un modèle expérimental prometteur pour l'étude mécanobiologique du fascia in vivo." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/1584.
Full textEng, Carolyn Margaret. "An Anatomical and Biomechanical Study of the Human Iliotibial Band's Role in Elastic Energy Storage." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11621.
Full textHuman Evolutionary Biology
Gras, Régis. "Le lambeau pédiculé de fascia temporal superficiel : nosologie, anatomie, applications en chirurgie cervico-faciale : à propos de 15 cas." Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX20510.
Full textGrinberg, Yanina. "FASCICULAR PERINEURIUM THICKNESS, SIZE, AND POSITION AFFECT MODEL PREDICTIONS OF NEURAL EXCITATION." Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1207083143.
Full textBertrand, Martin. "Innervation intra-pelvienne : étude anatomique, immuno-histochimique et radiologique avec reconstruction tridimensionnelle." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM5019.
Full textIntroduction :Pelvis nervous anatomy is imprecise in literature. Objectives:1-To describe and represent in 3D pelvic autonomic innervation. 2-To demonstrate the capacity of MRI to visualize pelvic autonomous innervation.Materiel/patients and methods:Serial histological sections were made from foetuses and adults. Sections were treated with conventional and immunostainings. Sections were digitalized and reconstructed in 3D. An anatomo-radiological comparison was made between MRI images and dissection. Results:Our study enabled to localize the pelvic autonomous innervation and to realize a complete neuro-mediators cartography.MRI acquisition allowed an good visualization of the autonomous innervation, with a good correlation with dissection.Conclusion and perspectives:This study enabled a better understanding of pelvic nervous anatomy and physiology. It also demonstrated that this anatomy is visible on MRI
Maartens, Kirsten. "The efficacy of the Graston technique instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilisation (GISTM) in the treatment of plantar fasciitis in runners." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/192.
Full textPlantar Fasciitis (PF) or “painful heel syndrome” is an inflammation of the plantar fascia at its insertion on the medial calcaneal tubercle. Accounting for 7-9% of total sports injuries, this condition is predominantly due to overuse and is notoriously difficult to treat. Traditionally treatment focused on the resolution of the inflammation with the application of such modalities cross frictions / transverse frictions being the modality of choice. With such modalities there are however limitations which include the detection of the appropriate areas in which treatment should be given as well as the treatment depth achieved. The GISTM, however is an advanced form of soft tissue mobilisation that employs the use of specifically designed stainless steel instruments that, when manually brushed over the skin of the affected area, are thought to detect and release scar tissue, adhesions and fascial restrictions. This complementary technique is hypothesized to work in the same manner as cross friction massage, and is thought to achieve quicker and improved outcomes by its detection of the treatment area(s) as well as improving the depth of treatment application. This assertion was however untested. Therefore the purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of the Graston Technique Instrument-assisted Soft Tissue Mobilisation (GISTM) in the treatment of Plantar Fasciitis in runners.
Blake, Terri Lyndal. "The effectiveness of manipulation of the subtalar joint combined with static stretching of the triceps surae muscles compared to manipulation alone in the treatment of Plantar Fasciitis." Thesis, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/228.
Full textPlantar Fasciitis (PF) is a common injury, and one which is known to be stubborn to many forms of treatment. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effectiveness of manipulation of the subtalar joint combined with static stretching of the Triceps Surae muscles compared to manipulation alone in the treatment of PF. Studies have shown chiropractic manipulation to be effective in treating this overuse injury, and gastro-soleus stretching is a treatment advocated by many authors, but which has not yet been investigated in combination with manipulation. This study consisted of 40 patients who were randomly divided into two equal groups. Group One received manipulation to restrictions in the subtalar joint, and Group Two received subtalar manipulation in addition to two static stretched of the gastro-soleus muscles.
Rama, Sunil. "The efficacy of chiropractic care in the treatment of plantar fasciitis utilising foot and ankle manipulation, gastrocsoleus stretching and cross friction massage of the plantar fascia." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4797.
Full textPlantar fasciitis is the most common cause of heel pain for which professional care is sought (Singh, 2008). Plantar fasciitis is a common injury, and one which is known to be stubborn to many forms of treatment. The aim of the study was to determine the most effective treatment for individuals suffering with plantar fasciitis comparing three protocols, i.e. mobilisation and manipulation of the foot and ankle with cross friction massage of the plantar fascia versus stretching of the gastroc-soleus complex with cross friction massage of the plantar fascia or a combination of the aforementioned treatments. Participants in the study were recruited from information pamphlets, the University of Johannesburg Chiropractic and Podiatry Day Clinics and running clubs. Only those participants that conformed to the selection criteria were allowed to participate in the study. A total of forty five participants were included. These participants were randomly placed into one of three groups of fifteen participants in each group. Group one received manipulation and mobilisation therapy to the foot and ankle with cross friction massage of the plantar fascia. Group two received cross friction massage of the plantar fascia and stretching of the gastroc-soleus muscle. Group three received a combination of the aforementioned therapies. Subjective data was collected using the Short Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ) and the Foot Function Index (FFI). Objective data was collected using the algometer to test differences in pain at the plantar fascia as well as ankle range of motion in dorsiflexion and plantarflexion which was measured using a goniometer. The results of this study indicate that cross friction massage of the plantar fascia and stretching of the gastroc-soleus complex would appear to have shown the greatest overall improvement in terms of reducing the pain and disability and ankle dorsiflexion range of motion. Manipulation of the foot and ankle, cross friction massage of the plantar fascia and stretching of the gastroc-soleus complex proved to have shown the greatest overall improvement in plantarflexion only. Based on the results of the study, cross friction massage and gastroc-soleus stretching is the most effective treatment protocol for plantar fasciitis.
Dunn, Shoshanna Lee. "The evaluation of ultrasonographic findings in the management of plantar fasciitis in runners and the association with clinical findings." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/232.
Full textPlantar Fasciitis (PF), also called ‘the painful heel syndrome’, is a common cause of heel pain (Barrett and O’Malley, 1999:2200), accounting for between 7% and 10% of all running injuries (Batt and Tanji, 1995:77; Chandler and Kibler, 1993:345). Primarily an overuse injury, resulting from tensile overload, it involves inflammation and micro-tears of the plantar fascia at its insertion on the calcaneus (Lillegard and Rucker, 1993:168; Barrett and O’Malley, 1999:2200). The body’s attempt to heal these micro-tears leads to chronic inflammation and the formation of adhesions (Ambrosius and Kondracki, 1992:30). Transverse friction massage has been found to be beneficial in the treatment of PF (Hyde and Gengenbach, 1997:478,481; Hertling and Kessler, 1996:137). Cyriax (1984) and Prentice (1994) state the effect of frictions to include the breakdown of adhesions (scar tissue), as well as preventing the formation of further adhesions. Graston Technique Instrument-assisted Soft Tissue Mobilisation (GISTM), based on the principles of frictions, aims to break down adhesions, realign collagen fibres and aid in the completion of the inflammatory process (Carey-Loghmani, 2003:31, 51-62; Hammer, 2001). Enabling us to see changes on ultrasonography, which has been found to be an objective, non-invasive way of evaluating PF (Wall and Harkness, 1993:468; Tsai et al, 2000:259; Cardinal et al, 1996:258). These changes include decreased thickness of the fascia. The aim of the study was to see the effect of GISTM on PF in runners, in terms of ultrasonography, and identify any correlation between these findings and other objective and subjective findings.
Petzer, Justin L. "An investigation into the effectiveness of two different taping techniques in the treatment of plantar fasciitis." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/1325.
Full textBackground: Plantar fasciitis (PF) is inflammation of the plantar surface of the foot, usually at the calcaneal attachment and is most commonly due to overuse. It is the most common foot condition treated by healthcare providers. Conservative treatment using taping is one of the first lines of treatment for PF. Low-Dye taping and Kinesio taping are two types of taping techniques commonly used to treat PF. Low-Dye taping and Kinesio taping have different intrinsic tape properties as well as different mechanisms of action in the treatment of PF. Low-Dye taping involves the use of a non-stretch, rigid tape. Rigid tape is commonly used by therapists primarily for the mechanical properties the tape provides to support the injured structure as well as to protect against re-injury. Low-Dye taping shortens the distance between origin and insertion of the plantar musculature and fascia, decreasing stress and tensile forces along the plantar plate to protect the plantar fascia and allow healing to occur. Kinesio tape is an elastic tape that allows a one-way longitudinal stretch; it is applied in a specific manner to achieve its therapeutic effects and forms convolutions on the skin. The proposed mechanism of action of Kinesio tape involves improving circulation of blood and lymphatics to resolve oedema caused by the inflammatory component of PF; suppressing pain, and; relieving muscle tension to return fascia and muscle functioning to normal. Both forms of tape have shown effectiveness in the treatment of PF; however the effectiveness of one taping technique versus the other has not yet been explored. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Kinesio tape alone versus Low-Dye tape alone in the treatment of PF in terms of both objective and subjective measures. Methods: Thirty participants with a diagnosis of PF, between the ages of 20 and 45, were randomly allocated into two treatment groups. Both groups received treatment in the form of a taping technique, either Kinesio tape or Low-Dye tape. Assessments were made pre-treatment at each visit and at a follow up visit, with seven visits in total. Assessments included objective data measures (ultrasonography, algometer readings, weight-bearing ankle dorsiflexion measurements) and subjective measures (the visual analogue scale and the foot function index questionnaire). Data was recorded in a data collection sheet and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21 was used to analyze the data with a p value of < 0.05 considered as being statistically significant. Results: Most outcomes showed a significant improvement over time regardless of which form of treatment they received. For the VAS and pain walking outside, in the disability section of the FFI, there was statistical evidence of the Kinesio tape group improving more than the Low-Dye tape group. For morning pain, in the pain section of the FFI, and pain climbing curbs, in the disability section of the FFI, there was statistical evidence of the Low-Dye tape group improving more than the Kinesio tape group. For all the other outcomes there was a non-significant trend towards the Low-Dye tape group showing a greater improvement than the Kinesio tape group. Conclusion: Kinesio taping and Low-Dye taping were both found to be effective in the treatment of PF with neither form of tape showing superiority to the other in the treatment of PF.
Puttergill, Jeff. "Immediate effect of two myofascial interventions on navicular position, great toe extension and balance measures in asymptomatic subjects with pronation : placebo controlled." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/1720.
Full textBackground: Myofascial therapies are widely researched with regards to their effects on pain, disability and range of motion. The benefits of such therapies are attributed to the mechanical changes that myofascial therapies are proposed to have on the fascial and myofascial structures. Breakthrough imaging and laboratory techniques, have allowed the in vivo study of these structures, resulting in new hypotheses regarding the roles that connective tissues might play in proprioception. Objectives: The purpose of this investigation was to assess the effects of two myofascial therapies, in terms of immediate changes in navicular pronation, great toe extension measurements and balance tests, as indicated by the postural stability (eyes open and closed) and limits of stability tests. Pre-, post-intervention analysis was used to determine if there were significant changes between the groups. Aims: The myofascial interventions aimed to reduce myofascial restriction and adhesions, within the plantar and crural fasciae’s of individuals with bilateral pronation. Methods: The study recruited 45 subjects with bilateral pronation (2 or more degrees) and randomly allocated them into a placebo ultrasound, ischaemic compression or myofascial release group. Each subject underwent a case history, physical examination, foot, ankle and knee regional examinations, as well as screened for contraindications. A blinded assistant examiner helped measured and record the baseline measurements for navicular position and great toe extension, using a standard two arm goniometer. The researcher then tested participants for postural stability (eyes open, eyes closed) and limits of stability, on the Biosway Portable Balance System. Subjects were then examined and treated bilaterally, for myofascial restrictions in the foot, lower leg and ankle, related or unrelated to the pronation present. Pre- and post-intervention measurements were recorded within a 20 minute window immediately before and after the relevant intervention. Statistical Analysis: Repeated measures ANOVA testing was used to compare the rate of change (between pre- and post-intervention measurements) amongst the three groups, and a p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Post hoc Bonferroni adjusted tests were done to compare all pair wise groups, as well as identify trends between groups. Results and Discussion: The data showed that both myofascial groups, significantly improved in postural stability (eyes closed) overall, post hoc testing showed the ischaemic compression group (p=0.004) and myofascial release group (p=0.031), compared to changes in the placebo ultrasound group.The overall changes were predominantly found in the anterior-posterior axes, with significant improvements in ischaemic compression (p=0.007) and myofascial release group (p=0.053) axes compared to placebo. For the other outcome variables, statistically significant treatment effects were not consistant bilaterally between the groups. Significant (p=0.051) time*group differences for changes in right navicular position. Post hoc testing revealed a borderline significant (p=0.056) improvement in pronation for the myofascial release group in comparison to the ischaemic compression group, which on average got worse. With regards to passive non-weight bearing great toe extension left, significant (p=0.067) improvements for the ischaemic compression group were shown compared to placebo, although this was not consistent for all the great toe extension tests. A borderline significant (p=0.059) time*group effect for postural stability (eyes open) medial-lateral test was obtained. Post hoc Bonferroni adjusted testing showed a non-significant (p=0.063) correlation between the myofascial release group and placebo ultrasound group. Conclusion: The results of this study, rejects the Null hypothesis for changes in balance measurements and suggests that both myofascial interventions had a significant positive outcome for postural stability, compared to placebo. The postural stability (eyes closed) test gave an indication of positive or negative changes in centre of pressure displacement, about the centre of gravity. It is noted that the sham ultrasound, used as a placebo intervention may have produced a treatment effect and is therefore not a reliable placebo measure for this type of investigation.
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Fourie, Willem Jacobus. "A study of the human fascia lata and its relationships to the extensor mechanism of the knee." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/10542.
Full textGeneral descriptions of the fascia lata as a structure could be found in all major anatomy textbooks. However, there is a paucity of information on the fascia lata and its surrounding structures in scientific literature. This study investigates how fascia and muscle relate in the extensor compartment of the thigh – i.e. as the muscle epimysium or as a separate fascial layer. Using detailed dissections of ten cadaver lower limbs and axial Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Ultrasonography in four volunteers, findings were compared to correlate all observed features. Results highlighted anatomical aspects and relationships not previously documented. The fascia lata demonstrated a single, epimysial relationship to the tensor fascia lata, upper sartorius and parts of the vastus medialis muscles, while forming a separate fascial layer over the lower sartorius, rectus femoris and vastus lateralis muscles. Findings suggest the fascia lata may function as more than containment of musculature and allude to functional implications for surgery and rehabilitation.
MONARCA, CRISTIANO. "Keystone Perforator Flap in Chirurgia Ricostruttiva: Evoluzione dei Lembi Fascio-Cutanei ad Isola. Studio Anatomo-fisiologico, Analisi Statistica ed Evoluzione della Tecnica Chirurgica." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/917796.
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