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1
Arisanty, Deasy, Karunia Puji Hastuti, Eva Alviawati, Nevy Farista Aristin, Parida Angriani, Ersis Warmansyah Abbas, Syahril, and Muhammad Muhaimin. "The livelihood of farmers cultivating fire-prone peatlands: Keeping the ecology and economy sustainable." Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development 13, no. 3 (August 15, 2023): 215–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.55493/5005.v13i3.4853.
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The purpose of this research was to analyze the livelihood of farmers on fire-prone peatlands and their efforts to maintain their sustainable livelihoods. The study took place in Banjarbaru, Indonesia, a fire-prone peatland area. Our 251 samples were farmers cultivating the peatland. The variables measured in this study were livelihood assets, including human assets, social assets, natural assets, physical assets, and financial assets. We employed classification and principal component analysis. The findings revealed that physical and natural assets played the most significant roles in ensuring the sustainability of farmers’ livelihoods in the fire-prone peatland. Human assets also played an important role because the farmers have been cultivating peatlands for a long time, giving them the skills and knowledge for sustainable and zero-burning peatland management. Peatlands managed by farmers have a low fire potential because farmers protect their land from burning. Social and financial assets did not play significant roles because the farmers did not take advantage of the existing cooperatives and farmer groups. Increasing the role of cooperatives and farmer groups would improve people's livelihoods by increasing the contribution of social and financial assets. Sustainable peatland cultivation as a productive space has proven beneficial for preventing fires on peatlands (ecology) and livelihoods (economy).
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Asmindo, Eki. "KAJIAN KEKUATAN ASET DAN KONDISI KERENTANAN PENGHIDUPAN PETANI PADI SEBAGAI DAMPAK ALOKASI RUANG KOTA PADA KORIDOR JALAN HAMPARAN RAWANG." TATALOKA 19, no. 1 (February 28, 2017): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/tataloka.19.1.53-67.
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City development plan focuses on enhancing urban functions rather than agricultural activities. This plan usually translated into space allocation of spatial management policy. However, this policy often arises the friction between the functions of urban and agriculture. It circumstance affects the livelihoods of rice farmers. Livelihood assets itself consist of assets of human, financial, social, physical, and natural. Conditions of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity used in this research to assess the livelihood vulnerability of rice farmers. The quantitative research approach that utilized in this study consists of quantitative descriptive analysis supported by the application of the scoring method to determine the strength conditions of livelihood assets and livelihood vulnerability. Data collection captured by observation, interviews, and questionnaires. Results of this study are of moderate strength to the livelihood assets of the farmers, and their livelihood is quite vulnerable.
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Gautam, Pawan Kumar, and Sujeet Kumar Jha. "Analysis of Livelihood Security of Households: A Case Study from Rural Areas of Bundelkhand." Indian Journal of Extension Education 59, no. 1 (2023): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2023.59131.
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Livelihood security is defined as securing the possession or access to income generating assets and activities, including reserves and assets, to the offsets. The study was conducted from 2018-19 to 2020-21 in Bundelkhand, which includes Uttar Pradesh (7 districts) and Madhya Pradesh (6 districts). Based on the broad literature assessment and discussion with experts, indicators were developed to measure dairy farmer livelihoods. Information was collected by personal interviews using a structured interview schedule. The survey found that the majority of smallholder farmers earn a low to moderate income. The average livelihood security index for marginal farmers was 0.55, and the average livelihood security index for middle-class farmers was 0.57. Education, land ownership, annual income, milk sales, and extension contacts had highly significant positive relationships with livelihood security.
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Andarwati, Siti, R. Rijanta, Rini Widiati, and Yanin Opatpatanakit. "Strategi Penghidupan Peternak Sapi Perah Di Lereng Selatan Gunungapi Merapi Pasca Erupsi 2010." Buletin Peternakan 41, no. 1 (February 27, 2017): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21059/buletinpeternak.v41i1.12768.
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This study aims to analyzed the strategies of dairy farmers in disaster prone areas (DPA) in the southern slopes of Merapi for sustaining livelihood after the eruption of Merapi volcano in 2010. Research conducted by the Survey method. Sampling was done by using the Census methods, consists of 84 dairy farmers in DPA III (Kaliadem hamlet) and 50 dairy farmers in DPA II (Gondang Wetan hamlet). Both hamlets were including Cangkringan district To find out the farmers strategies used descriptive method, that was to gather as much information related to their livelihood, covers three important aspects: assets (livelihood resources), access and activity. Statistical analysis that used for classification of livelihood strategies was Factor Analysis with SPSS 18. The results showed, there were nine strategy chosen by the dairy farmers for sustaining livelihoods in order to ensure sustainable livelihoods: The combination of financial, physical asset and natural resources utilization, as well as maintained dairy farm; The combination of physical and social capital utilization, social access and business diversification; Utilization of social access; Utilization of social help and mutual access, Utilization of liquid assets and social capital; The combination of psychological factors with utilization of financial & social access; Utilization of financial assets and access with the use of pause time; Utilization of social capital; and Farm diversification. The combination of financial, physical asset and natural resources utilization, as well as maintained dairy farm was the most of dominant strategy chosen by the farmers, with the greatest cumulative value (27.645%). Psychological variable (sense of security) was to be the new finding in the theory of sustainable livelihood strategies. Social capital was the variable that dominated the basic options of sustainable livelihood strategy of dairy farmers after the eruption of Merapi in 2010.
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Tesfaye, Henok. "Influence of Livelihood Assets’ on Farmers Control Practice for Enset Xanthomonas Wilt in Southern Ethiopia." Journal of Agricultural Extension 26, no. 3 (August 8, 2022): 34–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jae.v26i3.4.
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This study examined how the livelihood assets influence enset farmers’ decisions to control the disease Xanthomonas Wilt. For examining how household adopt their farming practices to control the disease and preserve their livelihoods, useful theoretical architecture represented by Sustainable Rural Livelihood (SRL) framework were used. Empirically, double-hurdle model was applied. The results indicated that the human, social, natural, physical capitals and vulnerability context are the driving factors for adopting the recommended EXW controlling strategies. Natural capital negatively associated with extent of adoption decision of the farmer whereas the social capital influences it positively. This finding promotes the importance of improvement of livelihood assets to enable significant support to the natural and social capitals of the farmer that provide important resources and information exchange for continuous adoption of EXW controlling strategies.
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Sidayat, Mardiyani, and Mila Fatmawati. "Livelihood Asset Maps: Livelihood Assets Concerning The Echo-Agro-Tourism Community-Based Management of The Komunitas Cengkih Afo in Tongole Ternate-North Maluku." Techno Jurnal Penelitian 10, no. 1 (May 30, 2021): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.33387/tjp.v10i1.3074.
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Humans need livelihood assets for their survival which particularly are related to the resources that are available in their environment and/or can be accessed to meet their needs. Livelihoods assets which are including capabilities, assets, and activities that carry out to support the fulfillment of basic life needs. The Department for International Development (DFID) identifies 5 categories of assets used for livelihoods which consist of human, natural, financial, physical, and social capitals. The majority of people who live in Tongole Village work as farmers, and therefore by the presence of the echo-agro tourism activities, the livelihood assets of the community can increase and/or vary because there are other possible options to increase the economic income earned. The research is aiming to identify the use of livelihood assets by the farmer groups in Komunitas Cengkih Afo. The study has taken place in Tongole village, where the Komunitas Cengkih afo is located. Collecting data is using a purposive sampling method, which refers only to the member of the Komunitas Cengkih Afo. Data on livelihood assets is taken base on the criteria set out according to the pentagon diagram which consists of human, natural, financial, physical, and social capitals. Livelihood assets are categorized in high, medium, and low categories from each respondent. The influence of livelihood assets was analyzed using a scoring method and presented in a pentagon diagram for each capital. Results showed that human, natural, and social capital were the most utilized for all the members, while physical and financial capital was less utilized and/or at the moderate level.
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Illu, Abraham, Abdul Wahib Muhaimin, and Budi Setiawan. "The Effect of Livelihood Assets on Living Strategies: An Empirical Study of Farmer Household Characteristics." International Journal of Business, Technology and Organizational Behavior (IJBTOB) 1, no. 3 (June 9, 2021): 241–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.52218/ijbtob.v1i3.87.
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This study aims to analyze the effect of livelihood assets and demographics on the implementation of farmers' livelihood strategies in Pandansari Village, Ngantang District, Malang Regency after the eruption of Mount Kelud. This research is a type of quantitative research that uses Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis with the Warp PLS approach. Primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews using questionnaires and field observations, while secondary data obtained through literature studies from various related sources. It was determined the location deliberately considering that Pandansari Village was the area in Ngantang District that was the worst affected by the eruption of Mount Kelud. Seventy-five farmers with simple random sampling technique were selected as respondents in this study. The results showed that livelihood assets had a positive but insignificant effect on demographics. Then livelihood assets have a positive and significant influence on livelihood strategies. Meanwhile, demographics have a negative and significant impact on livelihood strategies.
Keywords : Sustainable Livelihoods, Livelihood Assets, Livelihood Strategies, Eruption, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), WarpPLS.
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De, Himansu Kumar, Sivaraman Iyemperumal, Manoj Kumar Das, Prabhati Kumari Sahoo, Pratap Chandra Das, Subhas Sarkar, Jackson Debbarma, and Durga Prasad Rath. "Impact of Farmer FIRST Project on Livelihood of Farmers." Indian Journal of Extension Education 58, no. 1 (2022): 180–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.48165/ijee.2022.58135.
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Under the farmer FIRST project about 400 beneficiary farmers were provided access toimproved agricultural technologies in Khordha district. Skill training and demonstration ofmodules on improved technologies on Crop, Horticulture, Livestock and Fishery wereconducted. Following the DFID framework (1999) the impact on livelihoods of farmerswas measured through finding a comparative position of physical, social, financial, humanand natural assets of the farmers before and after the adoption of the interventions. Astructured interview schedule was developed and data was collected from 87 randomlyselected beneficiaries by personal interview method twice (before i.e., in 2016-17 and afterthe intervention i.e., in 2019-20). The mean value of overall standard of living of adoptedfarmers derived through the addition of the index values of five assets was worked out tobe 2.84 in the post-adoption period against 2.41 in the pre-adoption period. Paired samplet-test indicates the positive and significant impact of the project on the livelihood of thebeneficiaries.
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García-Fajardo, Belina, María Estela Orozco-Hernández, John McDonagh, Gustavo Álvarez-Arteaga, and Patricia Mireles-Lezama. "Land Management Strategies and their Implications for Mazahua Farmers’ Livelihoods in the Highlands of Central Mexico." Miscellanea Geographica 20, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mgrsd-2016-0003.
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Abstract This paper presents a case study from a Mazahua indigenous community in the rural Highlands of Central Mexico. It analyses Mazahua farming livelihoods characterised by subsistence agriculture, marginality, poverty and severe land degradation. Mazahua farmers face constrained environmental, socioeconomic and cultural conditions, which influence their local decisions on natural resource management. The results describe the capital assets base used, where land, livestock and crop production are imperative assets to support farmers’ livelihood strategies. It analyses local management practices to achieve livelihood outcomes in the short/long term, and to improve or undermine land characteristics and other related assets. It also presents a farmer typology constructed by local perceptions, a controversial element to drive sustainable development strategies at the local level. Finally, it discusses how local land management practices are adopted and their importance in developing alternatives to encourage positive trade-offs between conservation and production in order to improve rural livelihoods.
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Maziya, Mbongeni, Busisiwe Nkonki-Mandleni, Nandipha Mbizana, and Precious Tirivanhu. "The Perceived Impact of Climate Change on the Livelihoods of Smallholder Farmers in Kwazulu-Natal Province, South Africa." Sustainability 16, no. 7 (April 4, 2024): 3013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16073013.
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Smallholder farming is an important livelihood strategy for rural households in developing countries. Climate change and variability threaten the sustenance of livelihoods and hinder efforts to eradicate poverty and food insecurity. Although perception studies on climate change and coping mechanisms have been conducted in KwaZulu-Natal Province, little has been done on livelihood analysis. This study uses the Sustainable Livelihood Framework for livelihoods analysis of smallholder farmers in the uMkhanyakude district of KwaZulu-Natal Province in South Africa. Survey data were collected from a sample of 400 smallholder farmers in two local municipalities of the district, using a stratified random sampling procedure. Focus group discussions were used to augment survey data. Descriptive statistics were generated to analyse quantitative data, while qualitative data were analysed through thematic analysis. This study found that climate change significantly eroded livelihood assets, posing a threat to the well-being of smallholder farmers. Persistent drought has led to poor crop and livestock productivity, compelling households to rely heavily on food purchases. These findings underscore the urgent need to safeguard the livelihoods of smallholder farmers in the face of climate change. This study recommends that policymakers should focus on policies that enhance the resilience of livelihood assets for farming communities to minimise climatic risk.
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Anisah, Anisah, Abdul Wahib Muhaimin, and Silvana Maulidah. "Strategy of Risk Adaptation for Local Maize Farmers Based on Livelihood Assets in Madura." AGRIEKONOMIKA 10, no. 2 (March 22, 2022): 125–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21107/agriekonomika.v10i2.10439.
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Local maize is the main food for Madura’s farmers. The initiation of superior hybrid seeds which causes the conversion of commodities from local corn to hybrid corn creates a lot of risks and losses. This study aims to 1) Analyze the level of access to livelihood assets of local corn farmers 2) Analyze the level of risk and level of adoption of local corn farmers’ adaptation strategies based on livelihood assets 3) The Effect of livelihood assets on strategy adoption. The research was conducted in Guluk-Guluk, Sumenep Regency. The analysis used is pentagonal assets analysis, descriptive analysis, and binary logistic regression. The results showed that the highest access of farmers to livelihood assets was access to social capital. The highest risk experienced by farmers is a technological risk. Meanwhile, the adaptation strategy chosen by the majority of farmers is hybrid crop diversification. Human capital, natural capital, and financial capital have a significant influence on the decision to adopt the adaptation strategy. So farmers need to adapt by maximizing their livelihood assets for better livelihood sustainability
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He, Siyuan, and Yu Wei. "Why Agree to a Forest Easement? Perception of the Residents about the Adaptation of the Conservation Easement in Qianjiangyuan National Park." Forests 14, no. 5 (April 24, 2023): 872. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14050872.
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Conservation easements (CEs) were introduced in the Chinese context to resolve the conflict between rural land use and area-based conservation measures. As conservation easements are usually set on private lands, little is known about their adaptation to the collective land tenure. We introduced a social-psychological aspect to sustainable livelihoods (SL) for an integrated decision-making mechanism to assess rural residents’ motivations for granting CEs. We surveyed farmers in the Qianjiangyuan National Park pilot area in order to explore how tangible factors, i.e., the livelihood assets, and intangible factors, i.e., farmers’ perceptions of the livelihood environment, affected their true feeling of conservation easements. Results suggested that CEs that were adapted to the collectively-owned forestland followed a well-established grassroots democracy but sacrificed the CE’s diversity in restricted uses tailored to specific landowners and properties. Institutional capital and perception of the economic environment appeared most important to affect farmers’ acceptance of CEs. Furthermore, the livelihood assets affected farmers’ perception of the livelihood environment, and their acceptance of CEs affected the perception of policy outcomes. Overall, our findings demonstrate the acceptance of conservation easements as a livelihood strategic choice and strengthen the importance of securing economic rights in the changing institutional environment.
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Lin, Yuguo, and Chao He. "Evaluation of Livelihood Sustainability in the Context of Natural Forest Land Degradation Vulnerability: A Case Study of Five Counties in China." Sustainability 13, no. 12 (June 9, 2021): 6580. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13126580.
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Land degradation, especially natural forest land degradation (NFLD), is a severe environmental concern in China. This natural disaster itself and its derivative control policies have caused some impacts on surrounding farmers’ livelihood level and strategies, but the literature on the sustainable livelihood of different households in NFLD vulnerability is limited, and there is an urgent need to bridge the gap and conduct studies on the sustainable livelihood of Changting, Libo, Lixian, Menghai and Wuxi, the typical NFLD-prone areas in China. A new livelihood sustainability index (LSI) including livelihood asset, livelihood strategy and sustainability engagement is constructed to assess the basic situation. The results showed that: (1) The overall LSI of five NFLD areas was not high, and the social, financial and natural assets, in particular, were relatively low. A disparity was found among the five areas, and the rank sequence of the LSI value was sorted in a descending order: Changting > Menghai > Libo > Lixian > Wuxi. (2) In detail, farmers in Changting had the relative highest LSI because of the inherent high value of livelihood assets, which constrain the scores of the livelihood strategy and sustainability engagement. (3) Households in Libo, Menghai and Lixian had middle level LSI scores. The relative low livelihood assets in Libo and Menghai drove parts of local farmers to carry out off-farm/forestry employment, leading to high scores of livelihood strategy, while farmers in Lixian had lower livelihood diversification scores and higher sustainability engagement due to their working content for the local forestry bureau. (4) The low scores of the livelihood asset and sustainability engagement restricted farmers in Wuxi. A discussion of LSI in the NFLD vulnerability was conducted to determine the characteristics and analyze the reasons. Accordingly, targeted policy recommendations were proposed to realize a sustainable livelihood in NFLD areas.
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Illu, Abraham Ruylthon, Abdul Wahib Muhaimin, and Budi Setiawan. "FARMERS’ LIVELIHOODS STRATEGY BASED ON ASSET IN PANDANSARI VILLAGE POST ERUPTION OF MOUNT KELUD." Agricultural Social Economic Journal 21, no. 4 (October 31, 2021): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.agrise.2020.021.4.3.
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This study examines farmers' livelihood strategies based on livelihood assets in Pandansari Village, Ngantang District, Malang Regency. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach using a Likert scale. Primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews using questionnaires and field observations, while secondary data were obtained through literature studies from various related sources. The location was determined purposively with the consideration that Pandansari Village was the area in Ngantang District that was the worst affected by the eruption of Mount Kelud. Seventy-five farmers with simple random sampling technique were selected as respondents in this study. The respondents' livelihood assets include human capital, natural capital, social capital, financial capital, and physical capital. Meanwhile, livelihood strategies are classified into survival strategies, consolidation strategies and accumulation strategies. The results show that the most vital livelihood asset is social capital, while the indicator for natural capital is the weakest. The strongest indicator of the farmer's livelihood strategy in Pandansari Village is the consolidation strategy.
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Sulistiyowati, Eka, Setiadi Setiadi, and Eko Haryono. "The Dynamics of Sustainable Livelihoods and Agroforestry in Gunungkidul Karst Area, Yogyakarta, Indonesia." Forest and Society 7, no. 2 (May 11, 2023): 222–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.24259/fs.v7i2.21886.
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The livelihoods of farmers in developing countries are often associated with the existence of forests, especially agroforestry. The dynamics of agroforestry and livelihoods could not be separated from the political context and developments in Indonesia. In this paper, the dynamics of Sustainable Livelihood Assets (SLA) owned by smallholder farmers are explored using three political sequences, namely the New Order Era, the Reform Era, and the Post-Reform Era. The result showed that the development of agroforestry in Gunungkidul had been primarily influenced by political initiatives that have a connection with vegetation coverage, livelihood assets, and species composition in the systems. The livelihoods possessed by farmers have been relatively sustainable during the past five decades; only a slight change could be observed in the ownership of capital. The political initiatives have been an enabling environment for agroforestry development that support sustainable livelihoods. The study recommends that the socio-political culture needs to consider the traditional agroforestry system in order to sustain the livelihoods of the people.
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Wulandari, Verlina Intan, Qomariyatus Sholihah, and Rita Parmawati. "The Effect of Sustainable Livelihoods on the COVID-19 Disaster Recovery in Agrotourism." Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan 19, no. 2 (May 7, 2022): 351–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/presipitasi.v19i2.351-362.
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Kebun Belimbing Ngringinrejo is the leading agrotourism in Bojonegoro Regency. COVID-19 pandemic has decreased a numeral of tourist visits which caused agrotourism income to decline, business actors, to lose their jobs, and the livelihoods of starfruit farmers to be threatened. After the COVID-19 vaccination, the re-opening of agrotourism began with the application of health protocols. Agrotourism must carry out a recovery process to return to normality. The study aims to determine the condition of sustainable livelihoods for star fruit farmers and business actors and the effect of livelihood assets on disaster recovery. This research was conducted so that agrotourism can recover immediately by optimizing high assets and improving low assets. This study used the descriptive statistic and analysis of SEM-PLS. The outcome indicated that the condition of sustainable livelihoods for starfruit farmers and business actors has a high natural, social, and physical assets. At the same time, low assets are human and financial assets. Four sustainable livelihood assets are human, natural, social, and physical, significantly influencing disaster recovery. In contrast, financial assets have no significant impact on disaster recovery. The most significant indicators for the disaster recovery process in agrotourism are developing digital solutions, and the lowest indicator is designing risk communication.
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Ibrahim, Ahmad Zubir, Kalthum Hassan, Roslina Kamaruddin, and Abdul Rahim Anuar. "Examining the Livelihood Assets and Sustainable Livelihoods among the Vulnerability Groups in Malaysia." Indian-Pacific Journal of Accounting and Finance 1, no. 3 (July 1, 2017): 52–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.52962/ipjaf.2017.1.3.17.
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Until recently, the livelihood vulnerability group such as paddy farmers, coastal fishers and rubber tappers in rural areas are susceptible to economic shock and climate change such as flood and drought. This situation will jeopardise the livelihoods of this group. In response to that, this study aims to investigate the relationship between livelihood assets and sustainable livelihoods. This study adopts quantitative study with stratified sampling method to select a total of 600 respondents from rural areas in Kedah and Kelantan. The findings confirm that physical asset, natural asset and social asset are significantly related to the achievement of sustainable livelihoods. Some recommendations have been highlighted to assist the concerned parties in improving sustainable livelihoods among the vulnerable group in rural areas.
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Setiawan, Faisal Arif, Karunia Puji Hastuti, Akhmad Munaya Rahman, and Eva Alviawati. "LIVELIHOOD ASSETS OF FISH FARMERS IN TIWINGAN LAMA VILLAGE." Jurnal Socius 10, no. 2 (October 25, 2021): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jurnalsocius.v10i2.10290.
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During 2019 the Riam Kanan Reservoir had a decrease in water level due to drought. As a result, the income of fish farmers has decreased. This study aims to determine the livelihood assets of fish farmers as long as the pond does not provide maximum income. The research sample is fish farmers as many as 90 respondents. Livelihood Asset Questionnaire refers to DFID. The results showed that the livelihood assets of fish farmers had natural capital of 66, physical capital of 62, human capital of 42, financial capital of 14, and social capital of 11. Attention to financial and social capital needed to be increased to reduce social vulnerability in fish farming families.
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Kuang, Foyuan, Jianjun Jin, Rui He, Jing Ning, and Xinyu Wan. "Farmers' livelihood risks, livelihood assets and adaptation strategies in Rugao City, China." Journal of Environmental Management 264 (June 2020): 110463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110463.
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Kamaruddin, Roslina, and Amir Hussin Baharuddin. "The importance of good aquaculture practices in improving fish farmer’s income." International Journal of Social Economics 42, no. 12 (December 7, 2015): 1090–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijse-02-2014-0028.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify the level of good aquaculture practice (GAqP) among aquaculture farmers; and to analyse the factors influence the level of practice and the importance of GAqP in increasing farmer’s income. Design/methodology/approach – Primary data were obtained through a survey conducted on 216 aquaculture pond fish farmers. The descriptive study was employed to identify the profile of respondents and their level of GAqP practices. The structural equation modelling (SEM) method was applied to analyse the factors influence the level of GAqP practice, and the influence of GAqP on the total income of aquaculture farmers. Findings – The results showed that the pond management by brackish water fish farmers is better than freshwater fish farmer, indicated by 77 per cent of them adopt GAqP at a level of 60 per cent and above, as compared to only 20 per cent by freshwater farmers. Physical and human assets were revealed to be most significant factors influence the practice of GAqP. The results also proved that GAqP was among the significant factor contributes to increasing in farmers’ household income; in addition to their other livelihood assets. Originality/value – To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the very first study that employs SEM method to analyse the relationship between GAqP with livelihood asset and farmer’s income simultaneously in Malaysia. Furthermore, since the empirical studies related to GAqP is very few, the study will contribute to development of knowledge in the field of aquaculture.
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Nyda, CHHINH, RATH Sethik, NGUOPHAN Pheakdey, and THOU Ponlue. "Promoting Agricultural Cooperative for Livelihood Development among Smallholder Farmers in Cambodia." Insight: Cambodia Journal of Basic and Applied Research 5, no. 02 (December 31, 2023): 80–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.61945/cjbar.2023.5.2.08.
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The number of agricultural cooperatives (ACs) has increased gradually from 1 in 2003 to 1,217 in 2021. This study clearly reveals that AC operation has been essential for their livelihood development in terms of skill building, technology transfer, provision of inputs, and access to credits and loans for agricultural investment. Therefore, the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries (MAFF), relevant government agencies, communities, and smallholder farmers should close attention to establishing and operating ACs to support sustainable livelihoods. Improving the livelihood of smallholder farmers remains challenging, especially when they cannot access all five assets: physical, financial, human, natural, and social. Smallholder farmers have moderate access to physical and financial assets, but they are constrained by the sufficiency of human, natural, and social assets. Compared to non-agricultural cooperative members, the AC members have improved smallholder farmers’ livelihoods by giving them access to five key assets. In Cambodia, agricultural cooperatives (ACs) operate with technical and financial assistance from the MAFF, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and communities. Smallholder farmers participating in ACs can gain capacity building, economic development, market access, agricultural inputs, and transportation for their agricultural products. Smallholder farmers have optimistic views of AC’s operation, believing it can improve their productivity, increase their income, alleviate poverty, improve food security, and empower women. Both female and male smallholder farmers benefit equally from AC’s activities and services. ACs will play a significant role in ensuring overall social and economic development in the future, such as empowering women, mitigating risks (including climate change risks), and achieving food security. However, we must promote ACs’ operation by increasing government support, technological advancement, and market facilitation.
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Harahap, Tinur Fitri Ayu, and Arya Hadi Dharmawan. "Strategi Nafkah dan Pemanfaatan Relasi-Relasi Sosial Rumahtangga Petani Kelapa Sawit." Jurnal Sains Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Masyarakat [JSKPM] 2, no. 3 (May 15, 2018): 383. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jskpm.2.3.383-402.
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This study aims to identify the structure and strategy of the household livelihoods, identify the utilization of livelihood capital that influences household livelihood strategies of oil palm farmers and identifies the utilization of social relationships of oil palm farmers' households. There is a difference in the livelihood structure of households of oil palm self-reliant with plasma palm oil farmers. This research is done by quantitative method supported by qualitative data. The result of this research is explaining that the average of households' livelihood structure of palm oil farmers is from non-farm sector, whereas in households of plasma oil palm farmers is dominated by on farm sector supported by non-farm sector. The utilization of subsistence capital by two types of oil palm farmers is also different. Both types of farmers have diverse social relationships in support of farm household income.Keywords: livelihood assets, livelihood strategies, oil palm farmer household, social relations----------------------- ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi struktur dan strategi nafkah rumah, mengidentifikasi pemanfaatan modal nafkah yang mempengaruhi strategi nafkah rumahtangga petani kelapa sawit serta mengidentifikasi pemanfaatan relasi-relasi sosial rumahtangga petani kelapa sawit. Terdapat perbedaan struktur nafkah rumahtangga petani kelapa sawit swadaya dengan petani kelapa sawit plasma. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode kuantitatif yang didukung oleh data kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini memaparkan bahwa secara rata-rata struktur nafkah rumahtangga petani kelapa sawit swadaya berasal dari sektor non farm, sedangkan pada rumahtangga petani kelapa sawit plasma didominasi oleh sektor on farm yang didukung oleh sektor non farm. Pemanfaatan modal nafkah oleh dua jenis petani kelapa sawit juga berbeda. Kedua jenis petani ini memiliki relasi sosial yang beragam dalam mendukung pendapatan rumahtangga petani.Kata Kunci: modal nafkah, petani kelapa sawit, relasi sosial, strategi nafkah
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Seyi Olalekan, Olawuyi, Ogunleke, Ayodeji Oluwaseun, Ijila, Olusegun Jeremiah, Olawuyi, Tosin Dolapo, Ayinla Rasheed Ayodele, and Ayinla, Rachael Ajibola. "Vulnerability to Livelihood-shocks Among Agrarian Households in Oyo State, Nigeria." Ecology, Environment and Conservation 28, no. 04 (2022): 1697–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2022.v28i04.004.
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The impacts of livelihood shocks on agrarian population especially the natural resource-dependent smallholder farmers in Nigeria cannot be over-emphasized, as this devastating event renders many farmers vulnerable because of limited adaptive capacity. Therefore, this study examined the vulnerability of agrarian households to livelihood shocks using a sample size of 368 farmers selected from Oyo State, Nigeria, through a multistage sampling technique, and from whom relevant data were elicited. This study applied the livelihood vulnerability index approach, and composite score technique to decipher the vulnerability space of the respondents, and for the ordinal categorization of the respondents into different vulnerability categories, respectively. The study also used proportional odds model to investigate the determinants of livelihood vulnerability from the perspective of adaptive capacity vis-à-vis the livelihood capital assets of the farmers. Findings from the study indicated that farmers suffered heavily from crime and economic related shocks due to the farmers-herdsmen conflict, while covariate and idiosyncratic related stressors were also reported by the farmers. Findings also indicated a high level of farmers’ exposure to shocks, with a moderate sensitivity to shocks, and a low adaptive capacity, which apparently pre-dispose the farmers to a serious vulnerable position. The farmers’ adaptive capacity linkage of the livelihood capital assets were also found to contribute significantly to farmers’ vulnerability status in the study area. The study recommended strengthening of physical, human, natural, social, and financial capital assets in building a sustained adaptive capacity of the farming population.
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Kasim, Kasmiyati, Darmawan Salman, Ahmad R. Siregar, Rahmawaty A. Nadja, Rahmadani, and Hastang. "The Dynamics of Livelihood Assets on Moving Duck Farmers." International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and Information Technology 10, no. 2 (April 22, 2020): 782. http://dx.doi.org/10.18517/ijaseit.10.2.11109.
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Ye, Wenli, Yin Wang, Xinjun Yang, and Kongsen Wu. "Understanding Sustainable Livelihoods with a Framework Linking Livelihood Vulnerability and Resilience in the Semiarid Loess Plateau of China." Land 11, no. 9 (September 7, 2022): 1500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11091500.
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Regional climate is complicated and unpredictable in the context of global climate change. Farmers on the Loess Plateau, who rely on agriculture and natural resources for subsistence, are one of the groups feeling the early effects of climate change. Their vulnerability is determined by their degree of connection with the natural environment. Frequent droughts on the Loess Plateau have severely challenged farmers’ livelihoods, although some actions have been taken to adapt to these changes. To enable farmers to find sustainable livelihood strategies in challenging natural conditions, we established a research framework to link livelihood vulnerability and resilience and applied it to Jiaxian County, a specific research area in the Loess Plateau of China. To validate previous research, we studied the fluctuation trends of farmers’ livelihood vulnerability and livelihood resilience in the past 30 years and the interrelationships between these two trends and their influencing factors. The results are as follows: since 1990, livelihood vulnerability has been polarized; however, moderate vulnerability has always been dominant. Livelihood resilience shows a trend of continuous enhancement. The relationship between livelihood vulnerability and resilience is complex, and the direction of change between the two can be both similar and different. The topography, arable land conditions, soil quality, and irrigation conditions in different areas impact vulnerability and resilience, and the degree of impact is different in different periods. Farmers’ livelihood strategies depend on their cognitive decision making and livelihood assets, which are critical vulnerability and resilience factors. Most farmers in the study area have undergone significant livelihood strategy changes, while some maintain their original livelihood strategies. These findings provide policy implications for reducing vulnerability, enhancing resilience, and helping smallholder farmers find sustainable livelihood strategies to avoid poverty traps.
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Sankalpa, J. K. S., W. Wijesuriya, P. G. N. Ishani, and A. M. R. W. S. D. Rathnayaka. "Smallholder rubber agroforestry farming in the non-traditional areas of Sri Lanka: An application of assets-based livelihood capital indicator approach." E3S Web of Conferences 305 (2021): 06002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130506002.
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This study focuses on Livelihood Capital Index (LCI) as a useful tool in assessing the livelihood assets of rubber-based agroforestry farm households. It evaluates systematically all the livelihood capitals of rubber agroforestry farm households through developing an LCI. A total of 10 livelihood assets variables were broadly classified into five livelihood capital indicators namely; human, financial, physical, natural, and social. Data collected from 220 farm households through a questionnaire survey were normalized to construct five livelihood capital indicators and LCI. The appropriate weights for the livelihood capital indicators were assigned based on the principal component analysis (PCA). The average composite LCI was 0.49 for rubber-based agroforestry farm households and the human capital corresponds to the highest livelihood assets indicator (0.15) followed by financial (0.14), social (0.11), physical (0.05), and natural (0.05). The highest average LCI was reported by the rubber-based groundnut practice (0.54) followed by rubber-based cattle (0.53), cocoa (0.51), passion fruit (0.51), pepper (0.49), maize (0.49), and banana (0.48). Except for physical capital, it also indicates a statistically significant difference in livelihood capital indicators among the rubber agroforestry farmers and other income earners. A significant difference exists in the livelihood capital indicators except for human capital among the Divisional Secretariat. The outcome of this study suggests that the use of LCI is a more analytically rigorous comprehensive tool that can assess the livelihood of rubber agroforestry farmers and enable them to be improved their livelihood assets.
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RA, Ihenacho. "Effects of Climate Change Variability on Physical, Natural and Financial Livelihood Assets of Rural Farmers in Imo State, Nigeria." Open Access Journal of Agricultural Research 8, no. 4 (2023): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajar-16000328.
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The study investigated the effect of climate change variability on the livelihood assets of the rural farmers in Imo State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to ascertain farmers’ awareness of climate change signs; sources of information on climate change; identify the livelihood activities of respondents and to describe the effect of climate change on the livelihood assets of the farmers. Purposive sampling technique was used in selecting a sample size of 120 respondents. Data were collected by use of structured questionnaire and interview schedule. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data. The result revealed that the major signs of climate change included increased temperature, unpredictable rainfall pattern, drought, flooding, increased precipitation, crop damage and others. The major livelihood activities of the respondents in the study area includes crop farming, poultry farming, fishing and fish farming, trading and livestock rearing. Climate change affects the livelihood of rural people and can be seen in the effects it has on their physical, natural and financial capital. We recommend that rural people be well educated on the issue of climate change and made aware of its various effects so that they can get a good understanding of the concept before devising ways to battle it.
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Sadiq, Mohammed, Muhammad Ahmad, Emmanuel Gama, and Abbas Sambo. "Morbidity Cost and Willingness to Pay for Healthcare Insurance among Wheat Farmers in Jigawa State of Nigeria." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 24, no. 1 (March 7, 2024): 4–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2024.24.1.1.
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The study determined the costs of morbidity and farmers' willingness to pay for health insurance in the Jigawa State of Nigeria using a cross-sectional data collected from 284 farmers through a multi-stage sampling technique. Using an easy-route cost approach, a well-structured questionnaire coupled with interview schedule was used for data collection. Besides, the collected data was then analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. Empirically, the majority of farmers utilised an accumulation strategy for livelihood sustenance, alongside enterprise diversification – which acted as a catalyst in increasing their stocks and consumption outcomes, thus smoothing their income and consumption. However, financial and, at worst, physical livelihood capitals posed challenges that affected farmers' livelihood assets in the study area. Furthermore, malaria emerged as the major health issue affecting livelihoods; consequently, slightly over half of the sampled population agreed to the notion of a social health insurance scheme for a healthy livelihood. However, this inclination was largely influenced by the overlooked or nearly neglected social learning aspect of extension service delivery. Therefore, as a method to reduce public capital expenditure on healthcare for livelihoods in the study area, the study recommends that policymakers expand the healthcare scheme to include the farming community, going beyond formal organisations, thereby enhancing farm family livelihoods specifically and overall economic growth and development in general. Nonetheless, enhance institutional factors, alongside social extension, financial and infrastructural facilities are recommended.
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Harohau, Daykin, Jessica Blythe, Marcus Sheaves, and Amy Diedrich. "Limits of Tilapia Aquaculture for Rural Livelihoods in Solomon Islands." Sustainability 12, no. 11 (June 4, 2020): 4592. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12114592.
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Increasing pressure on coastal fisheries poses serious threats to local livelihoods and the food security of Pacific Islanders. In response, governments and development agencies have explored tilapia pond aquaculture as an alternative fish production source. Yet, evidence to date on the impact of tilapia aquaculture on rural livelihoods has been inconclusive. Drawing on the sustainable livelihood framework, we analysed the contribution of Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) aquaculture to the livelihood assets and outcomes of 40 rural farmers in Solomon Islands. First, results showed that 53% of tilapia farmers were satisfied with tilapia aquaculture’s contribution to their human and social assets, while only 28% and 13% were satisfied with its contribution to their physical and financial assets, respectively. Tilapia aquaculture’s contribution to farmers’ natural assets was also limited. Second, and most importantly, there was an insignificant contribution of tilapia aquaculture to food and income security. Our results demonstrate that tilapia farmers rarely consumed tilapia, with only two of the 40 households having consumed tilapia in the seven days prior the interview. Moreover, only eight tilapia farmers sold their tilapia, which contributed 0.002–0.5% of their total weekly revenue. We argue the limited contribution of tilapia aquaculture to food and income stems from the low productivity of the available tilapia species and the low local demand for tilapia at rural markets. Given the current context of declining coastal fisheries and food insecurity concerns in rural Pacific Islands, it is unlikely that the current form of Mozambique tilapia aquaculture will be able to achieve its objective of addressing food and income security as a complement to coastal fisheries.
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Fauzia Putra, Dwi, and Agung Suprianto. "Analisis Strategi Penghidupan Petani Kopi Desa Medowo Menggunakan Pendekatan Sustainable Livelihood." JPIG (Jurnal Pendidikan dan Ilmu Geografi) 5, no. 2 (September 25, 2020): 132–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21067/jpig.v5i2.4773.
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Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui strategi penghidupan dan karakteristik lima aset sustainable livelihood petani kopi di Desa Medowo Kecamatan Kandangan Kabupaten Kediri. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah petani kopi Desa Medowo dengan jumlah 234. Jumlah responden petani yang menjadi sampel adalah 35 petani (15% populasi). Analisis data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dengan tabel tunggal. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi penghidupan petani kopi meliputi tiga strategi: berbasis pertanian, ternak dan pertanian atau strategi campuran, aktivitas komersial dalam hal ini bisnis. Strategi penghidupan yang diterapkan petani tentunya diikuti dengan pendapatan yang diperoleh. Sebagian besar petani (51%) berpenghasilan rendah, sedang (37%), dan sebagian kecil (11%) berpenghasilan tinggi. Nilai tingkat modal penghidupan petani kopi Desa medowo tergolong pada tingat keberlanjutan rendah, sedang, dan tidak berkelanjutan. Modal manusia, modal finansial, dan modal fisik merupakan modal dengan tingkat keberlanjutan rendah. Modal alam dengan tingat keberlanjutan sedang. Modal sosial menunjukkan menunjukkan tidak berkelanjutan. Oleh sebab itu perlu upaya meningkatkan kualitas modal penghidupan petani kopi minimal pada tingkat keberlanjutan sedang dan maksimal pada tingkat keberlanjutan tinggi. Studi lanjutan dapat mengkaji dimensi penghidupan keberlanjutan lainnya seperti aspek kerentanan dan kebijakan yang mempengaruhi strategi penghidupan petani kopi Desa Medowo.
The purpose of this research is to find out the livelihood strategies and characteristics of five sustainable livelihood assets and livelihood strategies of coffee farmers in Medowo Village, Kandangan District, Kediri Regency. This research uses quantitative descriptive methods. The population in this study were coffee farmers in Medowo village with 234 farmers. The number of respondent farmers sampled was 35 farmers (15% of the population). Data analysis uses descriptive statistics with a single table. The results show that the livelihood strategies of coffee farmers include three strategies: agriculture-based, livestock and agriculture or mixed strategies, commercial activities in this case business. The livelihood strategy adopted by farmers is of course followed by the income earned. Most farmers (51%) have low, medium income (37%), and a small portion (11%) have high income. The value of the capital level of livelihood of a coffee farmer in Medowo Village is classified as low, medium, and unsustainable. Human capital, financial capital and physical capital are capital with a low level of sustainability. Natural capital with a moderate level of sustainability. Social capital shows not sustainable. Therefore it is necessary to improve the quality of livelihood capital of coffee farmers at a minimum at a moderate level of sustainability and a maximum at a high level of sustainability. Further studies can examine other dimensions of sustainable livelihoods such as vulnerability and policy aspects that affect the livelihood strategies of Medowo Village coffee farmers.
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Liu, Hongbin, Hebin Zhang, Yuxuan Xu, and Ying Xue. "Decision-Making Mechanism of Farmers in Land Transfer Processes Based on Sustainable Livelihood Analysis Framework: A Study in Rural China." Land 13, no. 5 (May 8, 2024): 640. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land13050640.
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The act of land transfer in rural areas is an important decision-making mechanism for farmers, to enhance resource allocation efficiency and promote capital mobility, and this act is of strategic importance in promoting the level of agricultural scale and mechanization, land system change, and, thus, the sustainable development of livelihoods and production in China. This study aims to explore farmers’ decision-making mechanisms in the process of land transfer in rural areas, by constructing a theoretical framework. Structural equation modeling was used, based on data from a survey of rural families in the Liaoning Province area of Northeastern China. The main findings are as follows: (1) The seven types of exogenous latent variables, including environmental vulnerability, policy, and five main livelihood assets (natural capital, physical capital, financial capital, human capital, and social capital), are intermediary in farmers’ land transfer behavior, which then positively affect farmers’ livelihood outcomes. (2) Among the exogenous latent variables affecting farmers’ land transfer, human assets have the most significant positive effect, followed by social assets and physical assets, family labor force share, frequency of work information exchange, and number of production tools, greatly affect the corresponding variable. (3) Natural assets play the most important role and have a negative effect on farmers’ land transfer decision; contracted area of land per family is the greatest impacted measurable variable of this. The results of the study suggest that the government should strengthen skills training for farmers, improve the land transfer policy system, and provide appropriate subsidies in a regionally targeted manner. Thus, it can promote the transformation of Chinese-style agricultural modernization and achieve rural revitalization.
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Li, Wenjing, Chuanmin Shuai, Yu Shuai, Xin Cheng, Yue Liu, and Fubin Huang. "How Livelihood Assets Contribute to Sustainable Development of Smallholder Farmers." Journal of International Development 32, no. 3 (April 2020): 408–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jid.3461.
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Nurlia, Ari, Dadang Hikmah Purnama, and Sabaruddin Kadir. "Household Livelihood Strategy Based on Capital Assets in Fire-Prone Areas, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, South Sumatra." Jurnal Sylva Lestari 9, no. 1 (January 29, 2021): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/jsl1945-63.
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Forest and land fires are problems that have not been resolved and occur almost every year. Various policies related to forest and land fires began to be promoted nationally and have restricted communities in managing their land. This causes a vulnerability in society. Farmers are required to carry out various methods and strategies to overcome economic problems. This research aims to analyze the livelihood assets and livelihood strategies of farmer households. The study was conducted from February to June 2020 in Pulu Beruang Village, Tulung Selapan Sub-District, and Kayu Labu Village, Pedamaran Timur Sub-District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency. This research is a survey research using a mixed sequential explanatory approach by using the triangulation principle.The quantitative data collection is done through a household survey using a questionnaire to 75 respondents in Pulu Beruang Village and 70 respondents in Kayu Labu Village.Qualitative data collection was carried out through in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGD), and field observation. The results showed that Pulu Beruang Village had a greater asset score in human capital and financial capital. In comparison, Kayu Labu Village had a greater score in natural capital. Physical capital and social capital in both villages had scores that were not distinctly different. Hence, they did not have a different effect on community resilience. Livelihood assets owned by the community influence their household livelihood strategies. The household livelihood strategy in Pulu Beruang Village uses human capital and financial capital, agricultural sector and non-agriculture, especially trading, and swallow’s nest business. Meanwhile, the livelihood strategies of farmers’ households in Kayu Labu Village rely on their natural capital and agricultural sectors, such as fisheries and purun crafts.Keywords: forest and land fires, livelihood asset, livelihood strategies
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Rahman, Ajijur. "A Study on the Physical Assets of the Fish Farmers of Meghalaya." IRA-International Journal of Management & Social Sciences (ISSN 2455-2267) 15, no. 4 (August 13, 2019): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jmss.v15.n4.p1.
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<p>The present study was conducted to highlight the Fishery as a source of livelihood among the people of North Garo Hills of Meghalaya. About 30 respondents of different villages of North Garo Hills Meghalaya have consulted together with the information of their practicing Fishery as a source of livelihood. Fish culture is a simple farming system where a farmer can earn more profit than any other agriculture crops and economically it helps the farmer in a short period. By adopting this system of culture, the farmer can easily earn money to depend on their livelihood. The practice of Fish culture provides additional sources of income as well as employment to the native people, while Fish provides lots of nutritive palatable food to each consumer.</p>
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Fath, Kevin Lee, Taniya Jayani Koswatta, and Gary Wingenbach. "Agricultural Livelihoods and Climate Change: Employing the Livelihood Vulnerability Index in Bluefields, Jamaica." Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education 25, no. 2 (August 15, 2018): 115–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2018.25209.
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The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine agricultural livelihood vulnerability to climate change in Bluefields, Westmoreland, Jamaica based on the Livelihoods Vulnerability Index (LVI). Random sampling was used to select participants. Personal interviews were conducted with farmers using an instrument consisting of LVI components representing livelihood strategies, natural and physical assets, socio-demographic profile, social networks, water issues, food issues, natural disasters, and climate variability. LVI data were aggregated using an indexing approach to create scores for comparison across vulnerability components. The results showed farmers in Bluefields had the most amount of vulnerability in social networks and water issues. Low numbers of farmers owned their land, had contact with extension services, or used irrigation. Most farmers reported having problems with access to seeds and planting material, depended on their farms for food, and experienced frequent crop failure. Development organizations and local change agents should target the areas of greatest vulnerability illuminated by this study. Vulnerability and its contributing factors of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity, should be reassessed with the LVI and other methods to monitor changes in Bluefields over time. Implications for extension educators to assist subsistence farmers in understanding better the effects of climate change are noted.
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Abdul Hassan, Abdul Hassan, Shahnaz Akhtar, and Muhammad Ishaq. "Livelihood Assets and Outcomes of Rural Farm Households in Central Khyber Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan." Journal of Applied Economics and Business Studies 5, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 19–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.34260/jaebs.532.
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This study explores the factors of livelihood assets possessed by small farm households in Central Khyber Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan that determines the livelihood outcomes using sustainable livelihood framework. Primary data were collected from 349 small farm households using well-structured pre-tested questionnaire having both closed and open-ended questions. The study first measured the livelihood assets worth through composite indices followed by the factors that influencing the livelihood outcomes using multiple regression model. The overall value of livelihood assets of small farm households in the study area was 0.297. The area small farmers were lacked in livelihood assets along with low level of living standards as well as economic development in the area. The empirical findings of regression model revealed that all the five capitals of livelihood asset had significant positive effect on livelihood outcomes. Additionally, household active labour and education of labor earners of human capital, family land of natural capital; livestock and access to formal financial credit of financial capital, distance to public services of physical capital and membership in MFSCs, access to service providers of social capital had significant positive effect on the livelihood outcomes. The study suggests that the livelihood asset should be upgraded in all capitals followed by changing the approach of agriculture departments and other allied stakeholders for developing agriculture sector and rural economy.
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Enagi, I. M. "ANALYSIS OF HOUSEHOLD ASSETS ON LIVELIHOOD STRATEGIES OF SMALLHOLDER CROP FARMERS IN FEDERAL CAPITAL TERRITORY, ABUJA, NIGERIA." BADEGGI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND ENVIRONMENT 5, no. 3 (December 31, 2023): 110–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.35849/bjare202303/140/013.
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The study analyzed the effects of household assets on livelihood strategies of smallholder food crop farmers in the Federal Capital Territory, Abuja, Nigeria. Multistage sampling technique was employed to select 68 smallholder crop farmers from three Area Councils in the Territory using questionnaire to solicit for primary data from the respondents. Descriptive statistics and multinomial logit analysis were used to analyze the data.
Results of the analysis reveals that smallholder crop farmers were within the age range of (41-50%). They were mostly males (77.94%) and married {98.53%}. Their level of education was primary school education (38.24%) with farming experience of (21-30years). They were mostly (6-10) members/household. Farmers in FCT carried out LS1 (17.5%), LS2 (26.47%), LS23 ( 19.22%) and LS4 (36.76%). Results of household assets on livelihood strategies shows that distance from home to all season road was significant on LS1 at 5% level of significance (1.97)** as well as LS2 at 10% (2.01)** respectively. Income was significant at 1% (-3.03)***. It was therefore recommended that more household assets should be utilized among smallholder crop farmers.
f the analysis reveals that smallholder crop farmers were within the age range of (41-50%). They were mostly males (77.94%) and married {98.53%}. Their level of education was primary school education (38.24%) with farming experience of (21-30years). They were mostly (6-10) members/household. Farmers in FCT carried out LS1 (17.5%), LS2 (26.47%), LS23 ( 19.22%) and LS4 (36.76%). Results of household assets on livelihood strategies shows that distance from home to all season road was significant on LS1 at 5% level of significance (1.97)** as well as LS2 at 10% (2.01)** respectively. Income was significant at 1% (-3.03)***. It was therefore recommended that more household assets should be utilized among smallholder crop farmers.
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Nyirenda, Vincent, Bimo Nkhata, Oscar Tembo, and Susan Siamundele. "Elephant Crop Damage: Subsistence Farmers’ Social Vulnerability, Livelihood Sustainability and Elephant Conservation." Sustainability 10, no. 10 (October 7, 2018): 3572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10103572.
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African elephants (Loxodonta africana) induce considerable crop damage risks, shocks and stresses on subsistence farmers at the wildlife-agriculture interface. In this study, we explored the social dimensions of human-elephant interactions in the wildlife-agrarian landscape. The study aimed at unraveling the associated hazardous conditions and nature of the subsistence farmers’ social vulnerability and practices with respect to elephant crop damage, subsistence farmers’ livelihoods, and elephant conservation. Applying qualitative thematic content analysis, the sustainable livelihood framework (SLF) and additive generalized linear models (GLMs), this study revealed that the status of relational social capital influences human-elephant conflict (HEC) management and subsistence farmers’ responses, regardless of the farmers’ social learning and environmental values about the social-ecological system. The strengthening of multiple local stakeholder participation, institutional governance and access to livelihoods assets are needed for human food security and elephant conservation. Adoption of more effective nuanced crop protection counter-measures against elephants at farm level is urgently needed.
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Phuong, Tran Trong, Do Thi Thanh Duong, and Ngo Thanh Son. "The Supported Policies in the Afforestation and Perennial Crops Project and its Effects on the Local Peoples’ Livelihoods in Dien Bien Province of Vietnam." Vietnam Journal of Agricultural Sciences 4, no. 4 (December 31, 2021): 1270–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.31817/vjas.2021.4.4.06.
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The Afforestation and Perennial Tree Plantation Project were implemented in several mountainous areas in Dien Bien province, Vietnam, for many purposes such as providing agricultural products, increasing incomes for the people in the projected areas, and reducing shifting cultivation. Based on these reasons, the central and local governments implemented several policies and subsidies for the growers, including rice subsidies for ethnic minorities who planted forests to replace shifting cultivation; investment support for planting protective forests and special-use forests; and providing seedlings. This article aimed to provide a clear view of the supporting policies in the Afforestation and Perennial Crops Project and its effects on the local people’s livelihoods in Dien Bien province of Vietnam. By analyzing the types of the capital of the livelihood assets (human capital, natural capital, financial capital, physical capital, and social capital), indicators of each capital type were chosen and scored in the context of achieving sustainable livelihoods. The results identified that the government has issued several policies to help the investors and farmers involved in this project. However, there were some concerns about the policies in practice, for example, the low percentage of dividend sharing for farmers, unclear land use rights, and inadequate applications of the policies in reality. In evaluating the livelihood assets, significant differences were found in the sustainable livelihood index gained between the rubber-based and non-rubber-based groups.
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Liu, Yaping, Huike Shi, Zhen Su, and Tafazal Kumail. "Sustainability and Risks of Rural Household Livelihoods in Ethnic Tourist Villages: Evidence from China." Sustainability 14, no. 9 (April 30, 2022): 5409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14095409.
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This study constructed a quantitative index system evaluating the level of livelihood sustainability of rural households in ethnic tourist villages and identified the main livelihood risks these households encountered. This was achieved by modifying the sustainable livelihood framework proposed by the Department for International Development (DFID) and testing it on three typical ethnic tourist villages in Guangxi, China (Jinkeng, Ping’an Zhuang, and Chengyang Eight). The results showed that the overall livelihood sustainability index was relatively poor. Livelihood assets and transforming structures and processes were the main factors that restricted the sustainability of household livelihoods. Social capital and financial capital values were lowest out of six types of livelihood capital examined. The lack of community participation of households adversely impacted the score of transforming structures and processes. Households encountered various livelihood risks. Generally, the livelihood issues that concerned most households were market, social, and education risks. However, when the farmers were enquired about a single risk that worried them the most, market, financial, and employment risks ranked the highest. Through quantifying the sustainability and risk of rural household livelihoods, guidelines and subsidies could be allocated to promote rural revitalization.
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Zhang, Yanwei, and Hualin Xie. "Welfare Effect Evaluation of Land-Lost Farmers’ Households under Different Livelihood Asset Allocation." Land 8, no. 11 (November 18, 2019): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land8110176.
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Based on research into the theory of household assets and the welfare of farmers, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)-entropy weight method and cloud model were used to study the welfare level of land-lost farmers’ households under the different livelihood assets of Taohuayi Village, Taohuasan Village and Taohuawu Village in Taohua Town, Nanchang City. The results show that (1) The comprehensive welfare level of asset-deficient farmers’ households is between the “bad” and “medium” levels and is closer to the “bad” level. The comprehensive welfare level of asset-balanced farmers’ households is between “general” and “good” and is closer to the “good” level. (2) Judging from the various functional activity indicators that affect the welfare of the land-lost farmers, after the asset-deficient farmers’ households lose their land, the welfare level of the family’s financial situation, social security, living environment, mental status, development opportunities, and political participation are generally at low to medium-low levels, and only living conditions are at medium-to-high levels. (3) The welfare level of the living environment of the asset-balanced farmers’ households is at a moderately low level, and the welfare of the remaining functional activities is at a medium to a medium-high level. We then propose corresponding policy recommendations. After losing land, it is necessary to implement a differentiated circulation guarantee and support policies to achieve targeted compensation and support for the land-lost farmers’ households to improve the welfare level of land-lost farmers’ households under different living asset allocation.
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Tafida, Ahmadu, Amurtiya Michael, and Markson Nandagoyang. "Analysis of Livelihood of Rural Irrigated Crop Farmers in Kano State, Nigeria." Zeszyty Naukowe SGGW w Warszawie - Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego 22, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22630/prs.2022.22.2.8.
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This study provided an analysis of the livelihoods of rural irrigated crop farmers in Kano State, Nigeria. The study’s specific objectives were to; describe the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents, assess their livelihood assets, household wellbeing, and constraints. The study adopted a multistage sampling technique to collect primary data from 251 respondents drawn from 18 communities in six Local Government Areas of the State. In the analysis of the data, descriptive statistics and the Foster-Greer-Thorbecke poverty measurement were used. The study revealed that irrigated crop farming in the area is male-dominated (78.1%), and the practitioners were mostly small-scale farmers (average farm size of 1.8 ha). In terms of assets, this study revealed that most of the respondents were limited in natural, human, and financial capital. Poverty incidence was about 51%, with the lack of access to formal loans, decline in soil productivity, poor access to market, and lack of access to farm mechanization being prominent challenges of the people. Therefore, there is a need for the government and other key actors in the agriculture and financial sectors to ease farmers’ access to credit facilities and agricultural extension services.
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Nofianti, Therresse, Yayuk Yuliati, Keppi Sukesi, and Mangku Purnomo. "Livelihood Assets as a Form of Adaptive Capacity of Farming Households to Scarcity of Subsided Fertilizer in Labakkang, District, Pangkep." Journal of Law and Sustainable Development 11, no. 7 (September 25, 2023): e920. http://dx.doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i7.920.
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Objective: This research aims to describe the characteristics of rice farming households and the availability of livelihood assets in the face of a scarcity of subsidized fertilizers. Method/design/approach: The method used qualitative data collection used a case study approach to 80 farmers through observation and interviews. The descriptive analysis used interactive analysis by Milles and Huberman, and the data was validated by source triangulation. Results and conclusion: The results showed that the average age of farmers in Labakang District was 51 years old; most were men with low education and had an average number of family members of 5 people. Farming experience of more than 15 years and the average cultivate own paddy fields (60%) with a land area of 1.46 hectares. Farmers take advantage of the availability of natural capital in the form of land, water for farming, and livestock manure to make organic fertilizer. Physical assets such as land, houses, private vehicles, farming equipment, and livestock ownership help minimize rental expenses. Farming experience is very long, but farmers have insufficient knowledge and skills in making organic fertilizer. Financially they can buy non-subsidized fertilizers using other sources of income and their savings. Involvement in farmer groups, kinship among farmers, and participation in extension services also benefit them. Based on this, the availability of livelihood assets benefits the adaptive level of farming households in Labakang District in dealing with the scarcity of subsidized fertilizers.
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Arthur, Francis, Williams Agyemang-Duah, Razak Mohammed Gyasi, Joseph Yaw Yeboah, and Evans Otieku. "Nexus between Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining and Livelihood in Prestea Mining Region, Ghana." Journal of Mining 2015 (2015): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/493580.
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Drawing on the DFID’s sustainable livelihood framework, this paper explores the nexus between artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) and livelihood in Prestea mining region, Ghana. A cross-sectional mixed method survey involving simple random and purposively sampled participants (N=151) was carried out. The results suggest both positive and negative relationships between ASM and livelihoods of the people. The study found various livelihood assets associated with ASM and how critical assets are adversely affected by ASM activities. Limited employment opportunities in rural areas (82%), economic hardships/poverty situations of people (59%), and “quick” income earnings from ASM (90%) were the major factors that influenced people to combine and use their personal assets to enable them to engage in ASM. ASM contributes to the livelihood enhancement through income generation, increased well-being and asset acquisition (50.7%), reduced vulnerabilities (31.1%), and empowerment of people (19.2%) to establish other economic activities. However, the small-scale miners and farmers as well as farmlands, forest, and water resources are most vulnerable to adverse effects of ASM activities. Accidents of various degrees, diseases, and death were the shocks in ASM. Regarding the massive impact of ASM on employment creation and poverty reduction in rural communities, it is recommended that stakeholders recast Ghana’s mineral policy to ensure concurrent environmental sustainability and socioeconomic development.
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Arthur, Francis, Williams Agyemang-Duah, Razak Mohammed Gyasi, Joseph Yaw Yeboah, and Evans Otieku. "Nexus between Artisanal and Small-Scale Gold Mining and Livelihood in Prestea Mining Region, Ghana." Geography Journal 2016 (January 12, 2016): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/1605427.
Full textAbstract:
Drawing on the DFID’s sustainable livelihood framework, this paper explores the nexus between artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM) and livelihood in Prestea mining region, Ghana. A cross-sectional mixed method survey involving simple random and purposively sampled participants (N=151) was carried out. The results suggest both positive and negative relationships between ASM and livelihoods of the people. The study found various livelihood assets associated with ASM and how critical assets are adversely affected by ASM activities. Limited employment opportunities in rural areas (82%), economic hardships/poverty situations of people (59%), and “quick” income earnings from ASM (90%) were the major factors that influenced people to combine and use their personal assets to enable them to engage in ASM. ASM contributes to the livelihood enhancement through income generation, increased well-being and asset acquisition (50.7%), reduced vulnerabilities (31.1%), and empowerment of people (19.2%) to establish other economic activities. However, the small-scale miners and farmers as well as farmlands, forest, and water resources are most vulnerable to adverse effects of ASM activities. Accidents of various degrees, diseases, and death were the shocks in ASM. Regarding the massive impact of ASM on employment creation and poverty reduction in rural communities, it is recommended that stakeholders recast Ghana’s mineral policy to ensure concurrent environmental sustainability and socioeconomic development.
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Wang, Jue, Haiwei Jiang, and Yuan He. "Determinants of Smallholder Farmers’ Income-Generating Activities in Rubber Monoculture Dominated Region Based on Sustainable Livelihood Framework." Land 12, no. 2 (January 18, 2023): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12020281.
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The rapid expansion of rubber plantations in Xishuangbanna, China, has severely decreased rubber prices in the last several years. The income loss and other adverse environmental impacts have brought livelihood challenges and opportunities to develop and adopt more diversified and environmental-friendly income-generating activities (IGAs). To better understand the constraints and opportunities for smallholder rubber farmers to sustain or improve their livelihoods, this study investigates which IGAs are applied by local farmers and the factors that determine their adoption, using the sustainable livelihood framework as the theoretical guideline. The qualitative approach is applied using semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis. Five directions of changes in IGAs (i.e., intercropping, other cash crops, livestock raising for marketing, part-time job, and land renting) are identified, and local farmers are categorized into three groups (i.e., rejective, affirmative, and hesitate groups) based on their attitudes towards these IGAs. The results reveal that the main adoption motivations of certain IGAs are closely related to price shock, economic return, information, and extension service. Based on the results, suggestions are provided to enhance farmers’ motivation to make changes and improve the adoption of emerging IGAs with attention given to vulnerability contexts, livelihood assets and institutional assistance.
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Wei, Benyong, Guiwu Su, Yingkui Li, and Yuling Ma. "Livelihood Strategies of Rural Households in Ning’er Earthquake-Stricken Areas, Yunnan Province, China." Sustainability 11, no. 21 (October 24, 2019): 5905. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11215905.
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Natural hazards not only cause direct losses of household income and assets but also affect the choice and outcome of livelihood strategies. Based on the questionnaire survey from 2007 on Mw 6.1 Ning’er earthquake-hit areas in Southwest China, we analyzed the relationship between livelihood assets (or capitals) and livelihood strategies of local rural households and identified the main factors influencing the choice of livelihood strategy. The results indicate that statistically significant differences exist in livelihood assets among livelihood strategies. The choice of livelihood strategies is affected significantly by the status of livelihood assets. High financial capitals enable households to engage in higher-returns or capital-intensive livelihood activities. Improving vocational education and skills training for rural residents, especially for the youth, is also important in developing new livelihood strategies beyond their traditional lifestyle. Higher social capitals provide households the opportunity to select a higher return and income livelihood strategy. In addition, as part of efforts to enhance physical capitals, housing construction planning and technical guidance are of critical importance to improve the anti-seismic performance of rural buildings and decrease their livelihood risk in earthquake-prone areas. It is important for farmers to improve and diversify their livelihood strategies according to regional geographical environment and the comparative advantages of their own livelihood assets.
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Andini, E. R. D., and W. Sumadio. "Tea smallholder livelihood development in cijulang village." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1089, no. 1 (November 1, 2022): 012079. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1089/1/012079.
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Abstract Sustainability Livelihoods Approach is an approach used to measure households’ attempts to sustain their livelihoods. One of the livelihoods currently facing problems is that of tea smallholders. Tea plantations managed individually by farmers are phenomena to be found in several districts in West Java, one of which is the District of Sukabumi. As tea plantation holders the farmers also have several other livelihoods. This research aims to determine the pattern of development of livelihoods of the tea smallholders’ household by asset. The weighting of each asset the SLA is carried out based on the geography of the research location. Data collection is conducted through in-depth interviews with pre-determined informants. As households whose livelihoods come from primary economic activities, natural asset ownership is highly important. Households with high natural asset are always followed by high financial asset ownership. Meanwhile, high physical asset is followed by advantageous human asset. This enables farmers to develop various economic activities in the village in order to sustain their tea plantation production. However, tea smallholders with low natural asset face difficulties in diversifying economic activities in the village. Based on these facts, the conclusion of this research shows that the sustainability of tea plantation highly relies on ownership of natural assets in the form of the size of the plantation area.
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Alviawati, E., S. Adyatma, MS Rahman, FA Setiawan, AM Rahman, P. Angriani, AN Saputra, and NF Aristin. "Livelihood strategies of farmers in Loksado District, Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency, Indonesia." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1190, no. 1 (June 1, 2023): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1190/1/012023.
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Abstract This research was conducted in Loksado District, Hulu Sungai Selatan Regency, South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Demographic changes and land use changes that occurred in Loksado District resulted in a decrease in the area of farmland. This condition gave rise to changes in the conditions of field farmers in meeting household needs. This study aimed to analyze the livelihood strategies farm farmer households in Loksado District applied. This research is based on the application of qualitative research. Informants in this study were shifting cultivation farmers from the Dayak Meratus Tribe in Haratai Village, Loksado Village, and Loklahung Village, Loksado District, which was selected by snowball sampling. The results of this study indicate that there are three livelihood strategies for farm household farmers: accumulation, consolidation, and survival. The dominant strategy base is agricultural diversification to meet household needs. The selection of household livelihood strategies is related to the socio-economic conditions of the household, the use of resources (the condition of assets owned, domestic workers of working age), and job diversification.
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Yang, Lun, Moucheng Liu, Fei Lun, Qingwen Min, Canqiang Zhang, and Heyao Li. "Livelihood Assets and Strategies among Rural Households: Comparative Analysis of Rice and Dryland Terrace Systems in China." Sustainability 10, no. 7 (July 19, 2018): 2525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10072525.
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The livelihood of peasant households is one of the selection criteria of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems and a critical factor that affects agricultural heritage system conservation and inheritance. Taking the Honghe Hani Rice Terraces System (HHRTS) and Shexian Dryland Terraces System (SDTS) as examples, we investigated 304 households through a participatory rural appraisal method to discuss the livelihood assets and strategies of households in agricultural heritage systems. From the viewpoint of livelihood strategies, household strategies can be divided into pure agricultural, nonagricultural, and part-time agricultural strategies. The livelihood strategies of households in the HHRTS feature a higher proportion of nonagricultural, while those in the SDTS have a diverse distribution. With respect to livelihood assets, we constructed a livelihood assets accounting framework to highlight the important role of traditional culture and information technology in agricultural activities. The average livelihood assets value in the HHRTS and SDTS was 2.249 and 1.832, respectively. Then, applying the multinomial logit model, we quantitatively analyzed the relationship between livelihood assets and strategies. The results show that in both terrace systems, the understanding of traditional agricultural knowledge is important to suppress the shift of pure agricultural households to nonagricultural or part-time agricultural households. Therefore, in order to achieve dynamic conservation of terrace systems, it is necessary to effectively increase the cultural assets level of households, especially farmers’ understanding of traditional agricultural knowledge.