Academic literature on the topic 'Far Eastern economic review'
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Journal articles on the topic "Far Eastern economic review"
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Minakir, Pavel, and Oleg Renzin. "Economic Science and Regional Economic Development: The Russian Far East." Spatial Economics 17, no. 3 (2021): 7–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/se.2021.3.007-037.
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In this paper we review the interconnection between the economic colonization and development of the Russian Far East from one hand and the formation of the system economic researches in the region from the others. The authors make accent on the construction of regional economic researches’ organizing structure and coordination. The organization and development of the Economic Research Institute of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences is reviewing as an important stage of the scientific architecture for the Far Eastern region’ construction. The article is describing, that scientists and specialists of the Economic Research Institute carried out a long-term theoretical and empirical researches in analysis, modeling and forecasting of spatial processes in economic systems. The creation a new academic economic institute in the Russian Far East in the 1970-s made it possible to solve a number of major issues on the national level. First, to provide highly qualified research support for the development and implementation of large regional economic programs. Second, to develop new areas of national science, including the creation of a scientific school for the study of spatial economics. Third, to create an intellectual platform for international cooperation between researchers from the Pacific Russia and the expert community in the countries of the Asia-Pacific region. Currently, the most important area of the institute’s activities is the restoration of the regional scientific and economic infrastructure, through building the system of ‘new integration’ by combining educational and surviving academic and project organizations in the Far East on the principle of a distributed spatial network
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ZHURAVLEV, Denis M. "Review of the monograph by Nikita I. Sasaev "The Russian Gas Industry Strategizing: The Far Eastern Vector"." Economic Analysis: Theory and Practice 22, no. 4 (April 27, 2023): 791–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ea.22.4.791.
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In an unsteady economic environment, the Far Eastern Federal District, as one of the most promising macro-regions of Russia, has the necessary resource and technological capacities to make a breakthrough in socio-economic development. In the Russian Far East, the gas industry can be a potential driver of economic development, as on its functioning and growth the whole range of interests and large-scale strategic opportunities are concentrated. Implementation of strategic opportunities by individual projects in most cases will bring only targeted short-term success. Therefore, it is crucial to apply an integrated approach, which involves elaboration and further implementation of a full-fledged industry strategy incorporated into the overall strategy system. The monograph The Russian Gas Industry Strategizing: The Far Eastern Vector continues the book series of the Strategy of the Russian Far East Library and is aimed at developing a strategy concept for the Far Eastern gas industry that takes into account the full range of interests, strategic trends and opportunities. The author of the monograph formulates effective theoretical and methodological provisions for elaboration and implementation of such strategies, underpins strategic priorities and practical solutions for long-term development of the gas industry of the Far East. The book will be useful for scientists, teachers, and students studying the theory of strategy and the practice of strategizing.
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Laffey, John F. "French Far Eastern Policy in the 1930s." Modern Asian Studies 23, no. 1 (February 1989): 117–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x00011434.
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The completion in 1986 of the Documents diplomatiques français, 1932–1939 permits a review of French Far Eastern policy during that troubled time characterized by J.-B. Duroselle as ‘la décadence.’ This massive documentary collection, however, still dose not provide a full picture of the forces which shaped French East Asian policy in the years before the outbreak of the Pacific War. Understandably focused upon European developments, it begins and ends, from the Far Eastern perspective, in medias res; that is, after the outbreak of the Manchurian crisis and before the Japanese occupation of Indochina. Moreover, like other compilations of what statesmen and diplomats said to each other, this one slights economic factors and, though to a lesser extent, the role of public opinion. Even taken in their own terms, the documents perhaps reveal more about what others said and did to the French than about what they themselves accomplished. That points to a more fundamental problem, for one can question whether anything so gelatinous as the French responses or lack thereof to developments largely beyond their control can even be described as ‘policy.’ Still, although much more work in archives and private papers will be necessary before the entire story can be pieced together, these documents do shed light on what passed for French policy in East Asia during the years before the outbreak of World War II.
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Tan, Lek Hor. "Better out than in?" Index on Censorship 17, no. 3 (March 1988): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03064228808534379.
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The Far Eastern Economic Review has been virtually banned from Singapore — like Time, Asiaweek, and the Asia Wall St Journal. Its editor Derek Davies accuses Singapore of breaking its pledge; Lee Kuan Yew is suing. Meanwhile The Economist and US News & World Report are leaving. What's happening?
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Mazitova, Marina. "Foreign Trade of the Far Eastern Federal District: Regional Characteristics During the COVID-19 Pandemic." Regionalistica 9, no. 3 (2022): 22–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14530/reg.2022.3.22.
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The article reviews estimates of foreign trade indicators of the Far Eastern Federal District during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020–2021. The factors of the dynamics of foreign trade indicators of the macroregion are determined, the commodity, territorial and geographical structures of exports and imports are examines. COVID-19 pandemic restrictions caused a large-scale decrease in economic activity and in volume of foreign trade of the Far Eastern Federal District at the beginning of the pandemic. The situation stabilized in late 2020 – early 2021. Dramatic reduction in the volume of exports of the Far Eastern Federal District in 2020 was due to a decrease in the prices of oil, natural gas, and metals. A decrease in supplies, in the level of economic activity in the country and effective demand under COVID-19 pandemic restrictions caused a decrease in the volume of imports of the Far Eastern Federal District in 2020. The volume of export of the Far Eastern Federal District recovered in 2021 due to a significant increase in prices for most goods exported by the macroregion. The volume of imports increased due to high prices and increased demand for imported products. The commodity, territorial and geographical structures of foreign trade of the Far Eastern Federal District have not changed in 2020–2021. The export of the macroregion mainly consisted of the products of fuel and energy, mineral resources, fisheries and forestry complexes. Machinery and electrical equipment, vehicles, metals, chemical and food products were the basis of the macroregion’s imports. The leaders in foreign trade turnover were the Sakhalin Region, Primorsky Krai, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Khabarovsk Krai. China, the Republic of Korea and Japan have been the main partners for many years, which determined the volume of exports and imports and the structure of foreign trade of the Far Eastern Federal District. A significant redistribution of export supplies from the Far Eastern Federal District between the countries occurred in 2020–2021 due to the China’s restrictive measures on imported products, as well as geopolitical problems of China
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Kuzmenko, E. A. "«Life Strategies of the Youth of the Russian Arctic and the Far East: Factors of Formation and Prospects for Implementation»: Review of the Round Table of the State Duma Committee for the Development of the Far East and the Arctic and the Journal «Russia: Society, Politics, History»." Russia: Society, Politics, History, no. 2(7) (September 21, 2023): 168–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.56654/ropi-2023-2(7)-168-183.
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The Arctic zone of the Russian Federation and the Far East have great economic potential and the important geopolitical importance. However, the outflow of young people from these regions and the aging of the population are a serious threat to the national interests of the country as a whole. The cost of living, low economic prospects, and climatic realities are becoming the causes of increasing migration. Due to the relevance of the topic of attracting young people to the Northern and Far Eastern regions of the Russian Federation, the State Duma Committee for the Development of the Far East and the Arctic in partnership with the journal «Russia: Society, Politics, History» organized a round table dedicated to the formation and prospects for the implementation of life strategies of the youth of the Arctic and the Far East. This article will review in scientific way the reports and recommendations from the experts of the round table, as well as draw conclusions about the vectors of solving the problems of youth in the Arctic and the Far East.
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Dzyuba, A. P., and D. V. Konopelko. "On the Increase of Electricity Prices in the Territory of Non-Price Zones of the Far Eastern Federal District and Their Impact on Industry." Вестник ТОГУ, no. 2(73) (June 24, 2024): 147–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.38161/1996-3440-2024-2-147-168.
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The economy of the Far Eastern Federal District of Russia is characterized by a significant share of industrial production in the overall GRP structure. For this reason, an important factor affecting the industrial and investment development of the macroregion is the price of electricity supplied to industrial consumers. This article is devoted to the study of the dynamics of a significant increase in electricity prices in 2023 in Khabarovsky Krai, Amurskaya Oblast, Primorsky Krai, Jewish Autonomous Oblast, included in the territory of non-price zones of the wholesale electricity market, as well as factors influencing the identified price increases that affect the magnitude and dynamics of changes in regional GRPs, which emphasizes the theoretical and the applied relevance of the presented research. The authors review the role of the Far Eastern Federal District economy in the formation of the country's GRP, the role of the industrial sector in the development of the economy of the macroregion, the share of electricity consumption by industry in the GRP structure, which emphasizes the high importance of the energy factor in the economic development of the studied territories. The materials present the results of calculating the dynamics of changes in electricity demand in the federal districts of Russia for the period of 2008-2022. The authors conclude that such a significant increase in electricity prices for the supplied industry will lead to an even greater lag in the industrial potential of the macroregion not only from the whole world, but also from the rest of Russia, which will negatively affect the entire sphere of socio–economic life of the macroregion, which determines the need to review government measures in the field of tariff containment in the territories of the Far Eastern Federal District.
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Соломко, М. Н. "The budget mechanism of regional innovative policy." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 5(130) (June 25, 2021): 394–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2021.130.5.076.
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Актуальность исследования обусловлена необходимостью совершенствования региональной инновационной политики и в том числе её бюджетного механизма. Раскрыта сущность бюджетного механизма, дана авторская классификация инструментов бюджетного механизма, применяемых в целях регулирования инновационного развития. Проанализировано содержания государственных программ субъектов Дальневосточного федерального округа, направленных на обеспечение экономического роста и инновационной переориентации экономики, выявлены их недостатки, а также лучшие практики дальневосточных регионов по содействию инновационному развития с применением бюджетного механизма. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to improvement of budget mechanism of regional innovative policy. The essence of the budget mechanism is revealed, the author's classification of the budget mechanism tools of innovative policy is given. Under the review of the state programs of the constitutional entities of the Far Eastern Federal District aimed at innovative economic development we identify some disadvantages. Also we reveal the best practices of the Far Eastern regions to promote innovative development usingthe budget mechanism.
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Tomskikh, A. "Demographics and personnel – key problems of the Far East and Transbaikalia /." Transbaikal State University Journal 26, no. 7 (2020): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21209/2227-9245-2020-26-7-140-147.
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The article analyzes demographic problems and closely related issues of personnel shortage, which are critically important for the accelerated socio-economic development of the Far East and Transbaikal region in particular. Today, as in the past decades, there is no clear understanding of the solution of these issues in the country, moreover, there is no reliable assessment base that allows to understand the depth of the problems, their localization at the regional and municipal levels and the factors involved in the development of effective management decisions at all levels of government. Therefore, in order to develop a state policy for accelerated socio-economic development of the regions of the Far East, it is necessary to determine priorities that will be appropriately evaluated by the population through its natural movement and migration behaviour. After all, the stabilization of the population of the Far East, and its growth in the future (taking into account the tasks of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation), is a task that should be solved primarily as a geopolitical one. Current mechanisms in the form of state programs: “Far Eastern hectare”, “Personnel support for the economy of the Far East”, “Development of the education system”, “Promotion of the Far East for work and life”, “Far Eastern mortgage” – do not work as effectively as intended. It is necessary to review the approaches to reformatting the region’s economy as a “new industrialization”, with the experience of the Stolypin reforms of the tsarist government and the Soviet era in the 70s of the twentieth century, but on other innovative principles. China demonstrates this quite well, including the Northern provinces. Their experience of reforms, for example in education, indicates a need to change the control system, expressed in the subordination of the majority of vocational schools at the provincial level, which enabled more productive to go to the formula “school- market and the government” and solve those huge human resource challenges faced by a growing economy
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Kalmina, Lilia, and Leonid Kuras. "The Boxer Rebellion in Siberian Pre-Revolutionary Press (The Eastern Review as an Example)." Theoretical and Practical Issues of Journalism 10, no. 3 (September 21, 2021): 528–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17150/2308-6203.2021.10(3).528-542.
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The article is devoted to the content analyses of materials covering Boxer rebellion in China, they were published in Irkutsk newspaper The Eastern Review, 1900–1901. Authors’ choice was motivated with three reasons. First, the newspaper covered Eastern Russian regions’ issues, as well as Russia’s policy in the Far East, where these regions were being involved. Secondly, Boxer rebellion was one of most important events at the turn of the XX century; it defined Russia’s strategy on its Eastern borders in terms of competition with Western European countries and Japan for economic and political influence in the Celestial Empire. Thirdly, Boxer rebellion in the Siberian regional press’s point of view was not studied properly, so it needs further research to understand a provincial newspaper activities process, never having experience in military operations coverage, these activities quite surprisingly required a new way of operation. We analyzed hundreds of texts on military actions in China, Chinese Imperial Court position, contradictions between allied powers, which took part in the suppression of the rebellion in view of of post-war establishment in the East. The main focus of the research was the transformation of the newspaper’s conception to meet the needs for military information; genres of published materials about the Boxer rebellion; information obtaining technology; the degree of its authenticity and objectivity. We also examined how editorial staff created Russia’s positive image as a disinterested peace-maker, though Russian geopolitical interests had been having lasting position on the Chinese territory. Mass-media development, usage of various methods to obtain information, inclusion of opinions of conflicting sides; responsibility before readers for coverage of events allowed the newspaper not only to display objective description of current events in China but also to forecast post-war development of the Far East.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Far Eastern economic review"
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Wright, Brian Bradley. "A review of lessons learned to inform capacity-building for sustainable nature-based tourism development in the European Union funded ʺSupport to the Wild Coast Spatial Development Initiative Pilot Programmeʺ." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003628.
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This case-study establishes the influences of power-knowledge relationships on capacity-building for sustainability in the European Union Funded ‘Wild Coast Spatial Development Initiative Pilot Programme’ (EU Programme). It aims to capture the lessons learned for capacitybuilding to support nature-based tourism initiatives on the Wild Coast. The EU Programme aimed to achieve economic and social development of previously disadvantaged communities through nature-based tourism enterprises, and to develop capacity of local authorities and communities to support environmental management. The study discusses common trends in thematic categories emerging from the research data, and contextualises research findings in a broader development landscape. This study indicates that power-knowledge relations were reflected in the EU Programme’s development ideology by an exclusionary development approach, which lacked a participatory ethos. This exclusionary approach did not support an enabling environment for capacity-building. This development approach, guiding the programme conceptualization, design and implementation processes, resulted in a programme with unrealistic objectives, time-frames and resource allocations; a programme resisted by provincial and local government. The study provides a causal link between participation, programme relevance, programme ownership, commitment of stakeholders, effective management and capacity-building for sustainable programme implementation. The study argues that the underlying motivation for the exclusionary EU development ideology in the programme is driven by a risk management strategy. This approach allows the EU to hold power in the development process, whereas, an inclusionary participative development methodology would require a more in-depth negotiation with stakeholders, thereby requiring the EU to relinquish existing levels of power and control. This may increase the risk of an unexpected programme design outcome and associated exposure to financial risk. It may also have a significant financial effect on donor countries' consultancies and consultants currently driving the development industry. This study recommends an interactive-participative methodology for programme design and implementation, if an enabling environment for capacity-building is to be created. In addition, all programme stakeholders must share contractual accountability for programme outcomes. This requires a paradigm shift in the EU development ideology to an inclusionary methodology. However, this research suggests that the current EU development approach will not voluntarily change. I, therefore, argue that South Africa needs to develop a legislative framework that will guide donor-funded development programme methodology, to support an enabling environment for capacity-building.
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Lu, Shu-Cheng, and 呂樹丞. "Economic Evaluation of Recreational Benefit in Road Running Event－A Case Study on Far Eastern Marathon." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/9gf393.
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碩士臺北市立大學
體育學系
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It’s an indisputable fact that the whole world is crazy about road running nowadays. Running events held in Taiwan are increasing rapidly that Taiwan has become a true “Kingdom of Runners” and its consequent economic benefits cannot be ignored. The purpose of this study is to estimate participants’ individual recreational benefits and calculate the whole economic benefit by contingent valuation method (CVM) and travel cost method (TCM), using the 7th Far Eastern Marathon as the target activity. The questionnaire survey was conducted by purposive sampling on October 18, 2015, with 500 formal questionnaires given out. Removing 17 uncompleted questionnaires left 483 effective questionnaires, which are used for further analysis. The descriptive statistics show that most participants of Far Eastern Marathon were male, average age was 36.24, monthly personal income was between NT$ 30,000 and NT$ 39,999, monthly family income was between NT$ 70,000 and NT$ 79,999. The majority of participants live in Hsinchu district, has obtained degree above university/college level, and unmarried. For communication, most participants took public transportation to the destination with 40.73 minutes as the average commuting time. The average attendant frequence of Far Eastern Marathon was 1.81, and the average number of accompanists was 2.62. The results from regression analysis using CVM with willing to pay (WTP) as the dependent variable reveal that age, monthly personal income, monthly family income, marriage, satisfaction, involvement, company quantity, actual cost are significantly related to WTP. As a result, estimated individual recreational benefit and the whole economic benefit based on CVM were NT$ 1,273.83 and NT$ 7,725,778.95, respectively. The results from regression analysis using TCM with attendant frequency as the dependent variable show that gender, monthly personal income, monthly family income, marriage, involvement, company quantity, vehicle, start point, travel cost are significantly related to attendant frequency. Estimated individual recreational benefit and the whole economic benefit based on TCM were NT$ 1,720.75 and NT$ 10,436,348.75, respectively.
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Sandersen, Andrea. "A review of the coalbed methane potential of South Africa's coal deposits and a case study from the north-eastern Karoo basin." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/4510.
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M.Sc.The potential target areas for coalbed methane in South Africa are reviewed and a case study based on borehole data from the north-eastern Karoo basin was undertaken. The Early Permian coal seams of the Karoo Supergroup occur in several discrete sedimentary basins in South Africa, of which the Karoo basin is the largest. Using screening criteria based on geological, petrographical and analytical data some of the coal deposits can be excluded as potential coalbed methane producers. These include the Molteno Coalfield, large parts of the Karoo basin coal deposits and some of the Northern Province's coal deposits which are structurally disturbed. The traditional mining areas in the Free State, Witbank and Highveld coalfields are excluded from the coalbed methane study because the target seams occur at less than 200 metres below surface, too shallow for gas retention. Some of the coal seams in the Waterberg Coalfield occur at depths of several hundred metres below surface and these are unlikely to be mined by conventional means. These deep coals may be ideal coalbed methane producers. This regional overview was based on available, published data and two important parameters, permeability of coal and coalbed hydrology are unknown but important factors that will need to be taken into account in any future evaluations. The case study focused on an area close to Amersfoort that has a predicted potential for coalbed methane production. The study utilized 465 borehole descriptions from which isopach maps and geological cross-sections were constructed. Limited samples of borehole core provided lithological information from which a facies analyses was undertaken so as to establish the hydrodynamic origin of each facies types. The main lithofacies associated with the coal seams are mudstones, carbonaceous shales and fine- to coarse-grained sandstone. These data were combined with analyses from limited permeability data, petrographical data and proximate analyses for the Gus and Alfred seams. In addition to the sedimentary rocks, the role of dolerite intrusions was found to be significant as these occur as thick sills and dykes that occur below, within and above the coal seams. These may compartmentalize the seams into secondary targets within the study area. Thick sills overlying the coal zone also increase static loading and may be advantageous with respect to reducing the minimum depthbelow- surface requirements. Potential coalbed methane target areas are identified, although the entire study area is not suitable due to structural displacement of the coal seams, thinning of coal in places and devolatization caused by the dolerites.
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Kenna, Nathan Noble. "The Redevelopment of Canada and Japan’s Economic Relationship, 1945-1951: Canadian Perspectives." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/5217.
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Between 1921 to 1941, Canada and Japan were close trading partners. The end of World
War II provided the two countries with the opportunity to resume their former economic
relationship. However, Japan was a defeated country, lacking in resources and credit, and
subject to the Occupation led by the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers. In contrast,
Canada was left with a strong economy and political independence. In 1945, Canada was invited
to participate in the Far Eastern Advisory Commission that later became the Far Eastern
Commission in 1946. In August 1946, Canada established a Liaison Mission at its former
Legation in Tokyo. Using archival material, this study explores how trade was conducted
between 1945-1951 and explains how Canada and Japan redeveloped their economic relationship
during the challenging years of Occupied Japan.
Books on the topic "Far Eastern economic review"
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1959-, Fitzgerald Robert, ed. The Competitive advantages of Far Eastern business. Newbury Park, Ilford, Essex: F. Cass, 1994.
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Baklanov, Petr I︠A︡kovlevich. Dalʹnevostochnyĭ region Rossii = Far Eastern region of Russia: Problemy i predposylki ustoĭchivogo razvitii︠a︡. Vladovostok: Dalʹnauka, 2001.
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Namibian Economic Policy Research Unit, ed. Budgetary processes and economic governance in southern and eastern Africa: Literature review. Ausspannplatz, Windhoek, Namibia: Namibian Economic Policy Research Unit, 2004.
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Wilgus, Mary H. Sir Claude MacDonald, the Open Door, and British informal empire in China, 1895-1900. New York: Garland Pub., 1987.
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Robert, Blake. Jardine Matheson: Traders of the Far East. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1999.
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Preferential Trade Area of Eastern and Southern African States. PTA development report: Review of the progress towards regional economic integration in eastern and southern Africa. [Lusaka]: PTA, 1993.
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Far Eastern International Economic Congress (2005 Khabarovsk, Russia). Dalʹnevostochnyĭ mezhdunarodnyĭ ėkonomicheskiĭ kongress, Khabarovsk, 27-28 senti︠a︡bri︠a︡ 2005 g.: Materialy v 8 tomakh = The Far-Eastern International Economic Congress, Khabarovsk, 27-28 September, 2005 : proceedings in 8 volumes. Vladivostok: Institut ėkonomicheskikh issledovaniĭ DVO RAN, 2006.
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1921-, Urban G. R., and RFE/RL inc, eds. Social and economic rights in the Soviet bloc: A documentary review seventy years after the Bolshevik Revolution. New Brunswick, (U.S.A.): Transaction, 1988.
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Kalungu-Banda, Agnes. Report of the Review and Planning Workshop for Eastern Province Women Development Association: Held at Chikungu Mission, Chipata, 4-10 October 1998. Lusaka: The Association, 1998.
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1913-, Krasnovskiĭ A. A., Latkin A. P, and Fersht V. M, eds. Kraĭ bolʹshoĭ nauki: Fotorasskaz o Dalʹnem Vostoke i Dalʹnevostochnom otdelenii Akademii nauk SSSR = A photo-story about the Soviet Far East and the Far Eastern Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences : where science blossoms. Moskva: Sovetskai͡a Rossii͡a, 1988.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Far Eastern economic review"
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Śliwiński, Adam, and Iwona Borkowska. "Private Voluntary Health Insurance: Market in Poland and Determinants of Demand—Review of Literature." In Economic and Financial Challenges for Balkan and Eastern European Countries, 177–92. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39927-6_11.
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Konyshev, Evgeny V., and Anna K. Lutoshkina. "The Economic Impact of COVID-19 on the Development of Tour Operating in the Siberian and Far Eastern Federal Districts." In Sustainable Development Risks and Risk Management, 101–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-34256-1_18.
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Kuznetsova, Alesia G. "A Descriptive Review of Research Studies by the Central Libraries of the Far Northern Regions of the Northwestern, Ural, and Siberian Federal Districts and the Far Eastern Federal District During 2017–2020." In Library and Information Sciences in Arctic and Northern Studies, 259–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-54715-7_13.
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Popov, Pavel, Igor Miretskiy, and Michail Guzev. "On the Impact of Logistics Infrastructure of the Far Eastern Federal District on the Economic Indicators of the Region and the Russian Federation." In Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 133–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45913-0_15.
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Soikkanen, Mauri, and Simo Laakkonen. "Chapter 9. All Quiet on the Eastern Front? The Finnish Army and Wildlife during World War Two." In Green Development or Greenwashing?, 171–96. Winwick, Cambs.: The White Horse Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3197/63824846758018.ch09.
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World War II was arguably the most important event of the last century. The war was waged on almost all continents. It engulfed three-quarters of the world’s population and was the world’s most destructive war, claiming fifty to seventy million lives. In addition, the war injured hundreds of millions of people and innumerable other living creatures. Environmental history is a new way to explore the largest war that has taken place on Earth so far. This article focuses on the mobilisation of natural resources in this war. What role did hunting and fishing have during the Second World War? Depictions do exist in the memoirs of soldiers and officers from different countries, but hardly any historical studies have been conducted on these themes to date. This chapter is probably the first attempt made internationally to review the extent of hunting and fishing activity in wartime, and its importance both for military personnel and wildlife populations. It examines hunting and fishing along the thousand-kilometre border between Finland and the Soviet Union during World War Two. It focuses on the largest wilderness area in Europe where Finnish soldiers faced an oasis of wildlife that had disappeared from their own homesteads. However, within a short time period, this newly found wartime oasis disappeared too.
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van Lieshout, Jan, and Robert Beeres. "Economics of Arms Trade: What Do We Know?" In NL ARMS, 13–30. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-471-6_2.
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AbstractTaking an economic perspective, and underpinned by a literature review, this chapter analyses the development of explicit sets of relationships between dependent and independent variables in the international arms trade from 1995 onwards. We distinguish five main categories within the markets of military and dual-use goods and services, comprising weapons of mass destruction, major weapon systems, small arms and light weapons, dual-use goods, and services. Per category, papers are ordered by research type and methodology. Based on our findings thus far, the final section of the chapter offers a research agenda for further studies.
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Lobato, Lydia Maria, Rosaline Cristina Figueiredo e Silva, Thomas Angerer, Mônica de Cássia Oliveira Mendes, and Steffen G. Hagemann. "Iron Isotopes Applied to BIF-Hosted Iron Deposits." In Isotopes in Economic Geology, Metallogenesis and Exploration, 399–432. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27897-6_13.
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AbstractPublished and unpublished iron isotope data from banded iron formations (BIF) and their BIF-hosted hypogene (hydrothermal) iron ores from the Quadrilátero Ferrífero (itabirites), Corumbá, and Carajás iron districts in Brazil, as well as from the Hamersley province in Australia are presented and discussed. BIF constitutes a typically thinly bedded or laminated chemical sedimentary rock, with ≥ 15% Fe and layers of chert, chalcedony, jasper, or quartz, whereas itabirite is considered a laminated, metamorphosed iron formation rich in iron oxides, which may contain carbonate minerals, amphiboles, and abundant quartz. For the Paleoproterozoic Quadrilátero Ferrífero district, the range in δ56Fe values of hypogene iron ores is similar to that of the metamorphosed BIFs, and iron isotope variations are better distinguished in different regional deformational domains. Light isotopic compositions dominate in the low deformation domain (δ56Fe = −0.42 ± 0.12 to 0.29 ± 0.04‰), whereas the eastern, high-strain domain is characterized by heavy values (δ56Fe = −0.09 ± 0.08 to 0.37 ± 0.06‰; Mendes et al., Mineral Deposita 52:159–180, 2017). Iron isotope composition for the Neoproterozoic iron formations of the Corumbá region (hematitic, dolomite-rich: −1.83 and −0.83‰; cherty-hematite: δ56Fe −0.49‰) are controlled by: (1) primary seawater signature, (2) microbial activity, and (3) supergene goethite alteration. Hydrothermal alteration is reflected in the oxygen isotope data, but apparently not in the iron isotope fractionation. Iron and oxygen isotope pairing shows that δ56Fe values increase, while δ18O values decrease. In the Archean jaspilites of Carajás, hypogene ores tend to display lighter δ56Fe values than their host BIF counterparts. Also, there is a correlation between coupled iron and oxygen isotope values that is clearer towards lighter isotopic values, especially for δ18O. In the Paleoproterozoic Hamersley deposits, correlation between δ18O and δ56Fe values suggests a direct correlation of both isotope systems during low-grade, greenschist-facies metamorphism. On the other hand, despite the evident shift to negative δ18O values and apparent preservation of the metamorphic δ56Fe signature, iron ore and hydrothermally modified BIF show a correlation between δ18O and δ56Fe values. In contrast, in supergene-modified samples a negative correlation is apparent. The Carajás (+1.24 to + 0.44; one sample − 0.30‰) and Hamersley (+ 1.02 to − 0.29‰) hypogene ores display δ56Fe in a similar interval, reaching positive values, whereas ores from the Quadrilátero Ferrífero show a tendency towards lower values (to − 0.80‰). This review indicates that the application of iron isotopes in exploration is presently limited mainly due to the restricted dataset available for ore samples. Nevertheless, and despite all local differences, there is a general tendency for hypogene ores to display moderately lighter δ56Fe values for all deposits compared to precursor BIF. In contrast, a strong supergene imprint in ore leads to moderately heavier δ56Fe values. As more data become available, and if these trends are confirmed, the use of this tool may be valuable in the future, for instance to decipher the hypogene or supergene origin of specific ore zones, and as a consequence the probable depth extension or interpretation of concealed, deep orebodies.
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Santos, Filipe Duarte, Paulo Lopes Ferreira, and Jiesper Strandsbjerg Tristan Pedersen. "Climate Change and Sustainability." In Sustainable Development Goals Series, 73–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24888-7_6.
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AbstractThe chapter discusses the challenge of global climate change and its relationship with sustainability. Following a brief review of the origin, principal drivers and current situation of climate change, an analysis of recent developments in climate change ethics and climate justice and their influence on climate change global policies is presented. We argue that the heterogeneous global climate movement has captured the world’s attention and will probably influence the future course of events. Finally, the chapter addresses the essential role of climate change action in achieving global sustainability and focuses on the interdependency between global inequalities and economic growth. The compatibility of mainstream neoclassical economics (MNE) with the rapid mitigation needed to reach the Paris Agreement temperature goals is discussed. Although far from optimal MNE mitigation policies, world climate change policies are strongly influenced by the global dominance of neoclassical economics.
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Wight, Martin. "Review of Rupert Emerson, From Empire to Nation: The Rise to Self-Assertion of Asian and African Peoples (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press; and London, Oxford University Press, 1960)." In Foreign Policy and Security Strategy, 271–72. Oxford University PressOxford, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192867889.003.0036.
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Abstract Wight wrote, “The core of the book is a discussion, first of nationalism; secondly of the relation between nationalism and democracy; thirdly of self-determination. All the nineteenth-century doctrines on these matters were already undermined by the experience of Eastern Europe; have they any relevance to Asia and Africa? … The only induction Emerson allows himself is that nationalism is a phase of ‘the expanding Western revolution’, an imprecise term comprising the disruption of traditional communities and the appearance of a money economy, industrialism, urbanization, social mobilization, and mass politics. … He concludes by pointing out that, if historical experience is worth anything, the economic development of these nations will make them more unstable internally and more warlike. Nevertheless, ‘the chances that development will move in acceptable directions are far better if the West is actively engaged in the process than if it either grudgingly holds back or lays its emphasis too heavily on military goals’ (p. 417). The field is prodigiously wide and its edges are left conveniently indistinct. He includes Cyprus, the West Indies, and British Guiana, and uses Eastern Europe and Latin America illustratively. … Emerson does not ask whether new nations which (for the first time in history) have been given independence by a peaceable transfer of sovereignty will survive so well as the great majority which have won independence by blood and struggle—what is a nationalism without its Joan of Arc or Armada victory, its Lexington, Calatafimi, or Easter Rebellion?”
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Ahmad, Mumtaz. "Islam, State, and Society in Bangladesh." In Asian Islam in the 21st Century, 49–80. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195333022.003.0004.
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Abstract Unlike many other Muslim countries identified with Islamic resurgence or Islamic radicalism where this phenomenon emerged as a gradual process, or was anticipated by observers as an incremental development of long-term socioreligious and political trends, Bangladesh entered the world of Islamic radicalism with a bang. In August 2005, Bangladesh made international headlines when bomb blasts occurred simultaneously in sixty-three of sixty-four districts of the country, throwing the government and the people in utter chaos and panic. Only one outside observer had seen what was coming: in April 2002, a cover story in the Far Eastern Economic Review by Bertil Lintner described—in a rather sensational tone—this second largest Muslim country in the world as a ‘‘cocoon of terror’’ and showed pictures on its title of look-alike bin Ladens springing to life.
Conference papers on the topic "Far Eastern economic review"
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Aluko, A. O., G. O. Odularu, and L. Suleymanli. "Hydrogen as a Futuristic Solution to Energy Poverty in Eastern Europe - Case Study of Greece." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/216063-ms.
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Abstract Using Greece as a case study, this article explores the use of hydrogen as a futuristic panacea for energy poverty in Eastern Europe. The evidence from peer-review literature and the preliminary research questionnaire survey of 197 respondents from different Eastern European countries; shows that there is a futuristic prospect for hydrogen in becoming one of the innovative solutions to energy poverty. This research further explores the possible hindrances of practical affordability, reliability, and sustainability of hydrogen energy sources in ending energy poverty. The SPSS preliminary result presents 57.4% of the total 197 respondents who depict that the household income for many citizens of Eastern European countries is within the total budget of 20000-30000 Euros per annum regardless of the population within the household. The results further justify that 60.4% of the questionnaire respondents within Eastern European and Greece probably do not have a well-paying profession or careers that can enhance the affordability and accessibility of clean energy such as hydrogen. The accessibility, cost-efficiency and dependability of hydrogen as an energy solution has the potential to combat energy poverty, a situation with dire and far-reaching consequences for quality of life, health, social and economic development. The social exclusions and limitations to economic development and opportunities energy poverty causes guides the need for this study's focus on leveraging hydrogen in efforts at achieving SDG 7.
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Skujina, Evija, and Irina Pilvere. "Development trends and challenges in beef cattle breeding in Latvia." In 24th International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2023”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2023.57.056.
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In the European Union (EU), the cattle sector is made up of meat and dairy farming. These sectors are closely interlinked, as a significant proportion of dairy cows are slaughtered for meat. In the mid-1990s, as market conditions changed in Latvia's agricultural sector, the development of specialised breeds of beef cattle began, so the aim of the research is to examine trends in the development of beef cattle breeding in Latvia. Dairy farming is still one of the largest agricultural sectors in Latvia, but between 2003 and 2023 the total number of specialised beef cattle herds in Latvia has decreased by 46.9%, while the number of specialised beef cattle themselves has increased almost four times compared to 2003. The results of the study show, in 2023, the most popular beef cattle breeds were Charolais, Limousine, Hereford and Aberdinangus, and these breeds accounted for 87% of the total number of beef cattle. The beef cattle industry showed a positive trend in the development of specialized beef cattle breeds with an increase in the number of herds of 3-49 and 50-199 cattle in 2023, which accounted for 86% of the total number of beef cattle. In Latvia, beef cattle are concentrated in certain districts in the eastern, western, and northern parts of the country where favourable conditions (pastures) are available for rearing them. Authors conclude that in the future, farms producing cattle of specialized beef breeds will have to review their production practices in order to adapt to environmentally friendly solutions and contribute to the achievement of the objectives of the European Green Deal.
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Oprea, Daniela. "School Effects of Attachment Break in Context of Economic Migration of Parents." In ATEE 2020 - Winter Conference. Teacher Education for Promoting Well-Being in School. LUMEN Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/atee2020/23.
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Romania is going through a period of economic transition, subject to the pressures of globalization that affect the evolution of the family, at the micro social level, structurally, from the behaviour and relational point of view. The continuous process of changes in the labour market, the inefficiency of the association between vocational training and job satisfaction, the financial difficulties felt by most families but also the challenge of modernity have emphasized the phenomenon of migration in the last decade. The departure of parents who have to work abroad has become a worrying phenomenon with a higher incidence in the eastern half of the country. It has got complex effects on the evolution of the family, especially on the children left at home with one of their parents or their tutors. Nowadays, the studies show more and more situations of neglect in which children become victims and suffer emotionally and physically. They also suffer various abuses, they are exploited through work or sex. In schools, there is a new profile of special educational requirements (not deficiencies), the profile of children left at home without parental support. It is worrying the migration phenomenon seen as a value model by the young generation and its negative effects at school level: decrease of motivation for learning or school abandonment. The present study discusses a review of the current scientific literature objectively, which examines the impact of breaking attachment relationships between children and parents on socio-emotional development and school outcomes. The Romanian society knows an important socio-economic phenomenon, which has grown since 1990: migration. In 2017, a study carried out at the request of the Romanian Government recorded more than 85,000 children left home alone with one of the parents or without parental supervision. We aim to analyse what effects at school and socio-emotional level have the loss of attachment ties having as moderators the gender of the migrant parent, the duration of the separation, the age at which the separation occurs. When these relationships are interrupted, the child’s emotional development is affected, his emotional balance having repercussions in his social life. The purpose of this study is to identify, monitor the dimensions of the phenomenon in intensely affected areas (Braila and Galati counties), the psycho-pedagogical aspects of children with migrant parents exposed to situations of vulnerability, marginalization and to propose a program of educational strategies in order to optimize school motivation. The main objective of the research is to identify, evaluate and involve them into adaptive actions that have as their objective the rebalancing of the socio-affective relations
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Gribauskas, O. E., and E. S. Rychkova. "PROBLEMS OF INVESTMENT SECURITY OF THE FAR EASTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT." In CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF RUSSIA AND CHINA. Amur State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/medprh.57.
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Naiden, S. N., and P. S. Bravok. "FAR EASTERN MORTGAGE: IMPLEMENTATION EXPERIENCE IN 2019-2020." In SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN EAST: NEW CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIC GUIDELINES. Khabarovsk: KSUEL Editorial and Publishing Center, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.38161/978-5-7823-0746-2-2021-68-76.
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The analysis of the interim results of the implementation of the "Far Eastern Mortgage" program in the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal District is carried out. An assessment of the economic effects of mortgage interventions on regional housing markets is presented. The multidirectional effects for the subjects of supply and demand are revealed.
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Rofieva, Z. A., and E. S. Rychkova. "ASSESSMENT OF ECONOMIC SECURITY OF THE FAR EASTERN FEDERAL DISTRICT." In RUSSIA AND CHINA: A VECTOR OF DEVELOPMENT. Amur State University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/rc.2019.1.103.
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Mishina, N. V. "ОСНОВНЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ СОВРЕМЕННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА ПРОВИНЦИИ ХЭЙЛУНЦЗЯН (КНР) В СРАВНЕНИИ С ЮЖНЫМИ РАЙОНАМИ ДАЛЬНЕГО ВОСТОКА." In Geosistemy vostochnyh raionov Rossii: osobennosti ih struktur i prostranstvennogo razvitiia. ИП Мироманова Ирина Витальевна, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.33833/tig.2019.35.25.009.
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В работе представлены результаты изучения развития сельского хозяйства провинции Хэйлунцзян (КНР) за период с 2000 по 2017 гг. Данная провинция имеет протяженную границу с Дальневосточным федеральным округом РФ и ее сельскохозяйственное освоение является одним из важных факторов экологической безопасности приграничных территорий России. Основой для выполнения исследования являются официальные статистические данные. Для выявления основных изменений в отрасли анализировались такие показатели, как валовое производство сельскохозяйственной продукции, размеры и структура посевных площадей, объемы использования минеральных удобрений, сельскохозяйственное водопользование, поголовье скота и производство продуктов животноводства. Сельское хозяйство провинции Хэйлунцзян КНР активно развивалось в рассматриваемый период, что подтверждается многократным увеличением значения большинства показателей отрасли, а также ростом ее доли в ВРП. В растениеводстве наблюдался сильный перекос в сторону увеличения производства кукурузы и риса, сопровождавшийся значительным расширением посевных площадей, в т.ч. орошаемых, что обусловило рост сельскохозяйственного водопотребления. В животноводстве, кроме традиционного производства мясопродуктов, развитие получило молочное животноводство, производство шерсти, меда, шелковых коконов. В пространственном отношении в последние 17 лет вектор сельскохозяйственного развития в провинции смещался в сторону ранее наименее освоенных приграничных округов, в которых имеется запас пригодных для освоения земель. Сопоставление данных о сельскохозяйственном производстве провинции Хэйлунцзян и в сопредельных районах юга Дальнего Востока России показало рост трансграничных градиентов для большинства показателей, что указывает на более интенсивное развитие отрасли на китайской территории. Сохранение этих тенденций в перспективе означает ухудшение состояния природной среды в провинции, нарастание остроты экологических проблем, увеличение экономического и экологического дисбаланса на приграничных территориях России и КНР. The paper is a general review of the agricultural development of Province Heilongjiang (China) in 20002017. This province has a long border with the Far Eastern Federal District of the Russian Federation and its agricultural development is an important factor of the environmental safety of the border areas of Russia. The basis for the review is the official statistical data. We analyzed such indicators as a gross output value of agricultural production, a size and a structure of sown areas, using mineral fertilizers, the agricultural water use, livestock number and products. Multiple growth of the value of most indicators confirms active development of agriculture in Province Heilongjiang in the period under consideration. The analysis of crop farming data showed a strong shift towards production of corn and rice, significant expansion of the sown area, including the irrigated ones, an increase in agricultural water consumption. In animal husbandry dairy farming and the production of wool, honey, and silk cocoons developed in addition to the traditional production of meat products. Spatially, over the past 17 years, agricultural development has shifted towards the border regions (prefectures) with rather large stock lands suitable for reclamation. The comparison of the agricultural data in Province Heilongjiang and in the south of the Russian Far East showed an increase in crossborder gradients for most indicators meaning more intense agricultural development of the Chinese territory. Continuation of these trends in future means environmental deterioration, intensification of ecological problems, growth of the economic and environmental imbalance in the border areas of Russia and China.
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Mishina, N. V. "ОСНОВНЫЕ ТЕНДЕНЦИИ СОВРЕМЕННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА ПРОВИНЦИИ ХЭЙЛУНЦЗЯН (КНР) В СРАВНЕНИИ С ЮЖНЫМИ РАЙОНАМИ ДАЛЬНЕГО ВОСТОКА." In Geosistemy vostochnyh raionov Rossii: osobennosti ih struktur i prostranstvennogo razvitiia. ИП Мироманова Ирина Витальевна, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.35735/tig.2019.35.25.009.
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В работе представлены результаты изучения развития сельского хозяйства провинции Хэйлунцзян (КНР) за период с 2000 по 2017 гг. Данная провинция имеет протяженную границу с Дальневосточным федеральным округом РФ и ее сельскохозяйственное освоение является одним из важных факторов экологической безопасности приграничных территорий России. Основой для выполнения исследования являются официальные статистические данные. Для выявления основных изменений в отрасли анализировались такие показатели, как валовое производство сельскохозяйственной продукции, размеры и структура посевных площадей, объемы использования минеральных удобрений, сельскохозяйственное водопользование, поголовье скота и производство продуктов животноводства. Сельское хозяйство провинции Хэйлунцзян КНР активно развивалось в рассматриваемый период, что подтверждается многократным увеличением значения большинства показателей отрасли, а также ростом ее доли в ВРП. В растениеводстве наблюдался сильный перекос в сторону увеличения производства кукурузы и риса, сопровождавшийся значительным расширением посевных площадей, в т.ч. орошаемых, что обусловило рост сельскохозяйственного водопотребления. В животноводстве, кроме традиционного производства мясопродуктов, развитие получило молочное животноводство, производство шерсти, меда, шелковых коконов. В пространственном отношении в последние 17 лет вектор сельскохозяйственного развития в провинции смещался в сторону ранее наименее освоенных приграничных округов, в которых имеется запас пригодных для освоения земель. Сопоставление данных о сельскохозяйственном производстве провинции Хэйлунцзян и в сопредельных районах юга Дальнего Востока России показало рост трансграничных градиентов для большинства показателей, что указывает на более интенсивное развитие отрасли на китайской территории. Сохранение этих тенденций в перспективе означает ухудшение состояния природной среды в провинции, нарастание остроты экологических проблем, увеличение экономического и экологического дисбаланса на приграничных территориях России и КНР. The paper is a general review of the agricultural development of Province Heilongjiang (China) in 20002017. This province has a long border with the Far Eastern Federal District of the Russian Federation and its agricultural development is an important factor of the environmental safety of the border areas of Russia. The basis for the review is the official statistical data. We analyzed such indicators as a gross output value of agricultural production, a size and a structure of sown areas, using mineral fertilizers, the agricultural water use, livestock number and products. Multiple growth of the value of most indicators confirms active development of agriculture in Province Heilongjiang in the period under consideration. The analysis of crop farming data showed a strong shift towards production of corn and rice, significant expansion of the sown area, including the irrigated ones, an increase in agricultural water consumption. In animal husbandry dairy farming and the production of wool, honey, and silk cocoons developed in addition to the traditional production of meat products. Spatially, over the past 17 years, agricultural development has shifted towards the border regions (prefectures) with rather large stock lands suitable for reclamation. The comparison of the agricultural data in Province Heilongjiang and in the south of the Russian Far East showed an increase in crossborder gradients for most indicators meaning more intense agricultural development of the Chinese territory. Continuation of these trends in future means environmental deterioration, intensification of ecological problems, growth of the economic and environmental imbalance in the border areas of Russia and China.
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Sysoeva, N. M. "THE ROLE OF TRANSBAIKALIA IN THE FAR EASTERN MACROREGION." In SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN EAST: NEW CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIC GUIDELINES. Khabarovsk: KSUEL Editorial and Publishing Center, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.38161/978-5-7823-0746-2-2021-87-93.
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The object of the study is the regions of Transbaikalia joined the Far Eastern Federal District, through which the main connecting infrastructure of the macroregion with the main territory of the country passes. The purpose of the paper is to show the position of Transbaikalia in the system of the emerging economic corridor China-Mongolia-Russia as a part of China's foreign policy initiative "One Belt - One Road" by analyzing the impact of foreign investment on its current economic situation. This corridor will facilitate the access of Chinese companies to the resources of Siberia and the Far East, enhancing the resource specialization of the area. At the same time, the geostrategic functions of the Trans-Baikal territory, given to it by the new Spatial Strategy of the Russian Federation, require strengthening its own economic potential through the development and diversification of the local economy and horizontal ties between the subjects of the macroregion.
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Tskhovrebov, Soslan V., Dmitry A. Yakovenko, and Mstislav D. Yakovenko. "Centres of economic growth of the Russian Far East." In Sustainable and Innovative Development in the Global Digital Age. Dela Press Publishing House, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56199/dpcsebm.hjyd6006.
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The Far East is a region that has been developing more slowly than other regions of the Russian Federation for a long time. The problems of the development of the region are natural and geographical - the severity of the climate over a large area of the region, remoteness from the federal center, infrastructural - the poor development of intra-regional ties, problems with transport, social - low (compared to the average Russian indicators) provision of residents with medical, educational and other public services. The weak development of industry, low GRP and, as a result, the high dependence of the budgets of the Far Eastern subjects of the Federation on transfers from the federal budget are serious problems of the Far East. In order to develop the region, the state program of the Russian Federation «Socio-economic development of the Far Eastern Federal District» has been developed. The main goals of the state program are: the formation and development of territories of advanced socio-economic development with favorable conditions for attracting investments in the Far Eastern Federal District and the development of economic growth centers of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation that are part of the Far Eastern Federal District, and some others. The plans for the social development of economic growth centers, developed by the regions of the Far East and financed to a large extent from the federal budget, can play a key role in this.
Reports on the topic "Far Eastern economic review"
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Soummane, Salaheddine, and Aisha Al-Sarihi. Impacts of Global Climate Policies on Middle Eastern Oil Exporters: A Review of Economic Implications and Mitigation Strategies. King Abdullah Petroleum Studies and Research Center, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30573/ks--2022-dp16.
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Climate policies are tightening in an effort to curb carbon dioxide emissions. As a result, global oil demand may peak and gradually decline, causing oil prices to fall. A structural fall in oil prices may have serious implications for Middle Eastern oil exporters. Many studies attempt to estimate the economic implications of climate change response measures for oil exporting countries. However, they have not reached a consensus regarding the magnitude of these implications.
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Price, Roz. Socio-economic Factors Impacting Marine Protected Areas in the Eastern Tropical Pacific Marine Corridor (CMAR) Region. Institute of Development Studies, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.107.
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This rapid review explores socio-economic and political issues that may affect the effectiveness of the Eastern Tropical Pacific Marine Corridor (CMAR). It specifically focuses on key socioeconomic and governance issues around marine protected areas (MPAs) and exclusive economic zones (EEZs) of Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador and Panama based in the Eastern Tropical Pacific ocean. Research highlights the importance of understanding perceptions and context in environmental governance analyses and practice (Partelow, Jäger & Schlüter, 2021); and MPAs are increasingly recognised as being embedded in social-ecological systems, where human dimensions (e.g., social, economic, cultural, political, and institutional) interact with ecological characteristics (Burbano & Meredith, 2020, p.2). How do you define the effectiveness of an MPA is another key question to consider (but not explored in detail in this review). Bearing in mind that most MPAs have multiple objectives, including non-biological, which highlights the need for the development and adoption of standardised effectiveness metrics beyond biological considerations to measure factors contributing to their success or failure (Giakoumi et al., 2018). For example, there are growing calls for marine conservation success to move beyond area coverage to include a broader set of metrics related to the effective and equitable management of the marine environment (see Bennett et al., 2021). Hence, the more information the better when establishing integrated, well-designed and connected MPAs – for example, the more information on a sea area, the coastal populations and their socio-ecological relationships, the better stressors, systemic impacts and inter-annual variabilities can be identified, and the more effective protection can be developed (Relano, Palomares & Pauly, 2021, p.13).
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Carter, Becky. Gender Inequalities in the Eastern Neighbourhood Region. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.062.
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This rapid review examines evidence on the structural causes and drivers of gender inequalities in the Eastern Neighbourhood region and how these gender inequalities contribute to instability in the region. While the Eastern Neighbourhood region performs relatively well on gender equality compared with the rest of the world, women and girls continue to face systemic political and economic marginalisation and are vulnerable to gender-based violence. Research on Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Moldova identifies the key underlying cause to be a set of traditional patriarchal gender norms, intersecting with conservative religious identities and harmful customary practices. These norms do not operate in isolation: the literature highlights that gender inequalities are caused by the interplay of multiple factors (with women’s unequal economic resources having a critical effect), while overlapping disadvantages affect lived experiences of inequalities. Other key factors are the region’s protracted conflicts; legal reform gaps and implementation challenges; socio-economic factors (including the impact of COVID-19); and governance trends (systemic corruption, growing conservatism, and negative narratives influenced by regional geopolitics). Together these limit women and girls’ empowerment; men and boys are also affected negatively in different ways, while LGBT+ people have become a particular target for societal discrimination in the region. Global evidence – showing that more gender unequal societies correlate with increased instability – provides a frame of reference for the region’s persistent gender inequalities.
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Haider, Huma. Internationalisation of Education: Focus on Central Asia and Eastern Neighbourhood. Institute of Development Studies, May 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4dd.2024.012.
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This rapid evidence review focuses on the internationalization of education, particularly in Central Asia and the Eastern Neighbourhood. It examines how education influences development outcomes, emphasising higher education's role in economic growth and human capital enhancement. The review highlights challenges in accessing quality education, especially in higher education, and addresses issues like social inequality and the exclusion of children with disabilities. Strategies for internationalization, including English language instruction, are explored, alongside efforts to counter misinformation. Despite growth in mobility and transnational education, gaps in research persist, particularly regarding the benefits of internationalisation and the effectiveness of education interventions against misinformation.
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TITOVA, E. HISTORIOGRAPHIC REVIEW ON THE TOPIC OF THE STUDY OF MIGRATION PROCESSES IN THE RUSSIAN FAR EAST AT THE BEGINNING OF THE XXI CENTURY. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2021-13-4-2-34-53.
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The article provides an overview of scientific research on the study of migration processes in the Far Eastern regions. The problems of migration, the state mechanism for regulating migration issues, and the peculiarities of interethnic interactions are very topical topics not only at the regional, but also at the national level. In the Russian Federation, studies on these topics have appeared relatively recently. Due to the fact that at the end of the 20th century there was a surge in the ethnic self-awareness of the peoples of the country, together with the intensification of socio-economic transformation processes, there are sharp, often radical, changes in the field of interethnic interactions, in particular, the growth of armed interethnic conflicts, an increase in migration outflows or inflows. etc. Modern scientific research in the field of migration processes is practice-oriented, that is, they are aimed at the implementation of narrow applied problems, there is also an increase in the accumulation of an updated extensive theoretical and methodological base. In particular, studies, for example, concerning the topic of interethnic interactions, are directly related to the topic of ethnic tolerance, which has also become very popular and in demand in the last decade for specialists from various scientific fields - psychologists, ethnographers, lawyers, etc.
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Kelly, Luke. Lessons from the Refugee Response in Eastern Chad Since 2003. Institute of Development Studies, April 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4dd.2024.009.
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This rapid evidence review finds that there has been little progress on increasing refugee self-reliance in east Chad, but there is evidence on the barriers to and likely drivers of greater self-reliance. Lessons from protection efforts focus on the need to adequately address the range of protection threats and the structural drivers of insecurity, and agreement between Chadian and outside security actors. The review focuses on refugees from Sudan in Eastern Chad since 2003, and excludes internally displaced persons, or refugees in other parts of Chad. The review finds that the key factors behind this include the weak economic situation and lack of infrastructure and services in the region. While the government has largely integrated refugees into national systems, the lack of available services reduces the efficacy of the reform. The decline of humanitarian funding combined with a lack of funding for development actors means that integration efforts have not been supported or coordinated sufficiently.
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Harangozó, Dániel. Serbia and the Russia–Ukraine War: Implications and Challenges II. Külügyi és Külgazdasági Intézet, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47683/kkielemzesek.ke-2022.65.
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The outbreak of the Russia-Ukraine war in February 2022 has had a marked effect on the Western Balkan region. Among the countries of this region, Serbia is in a unique situation due to its military neutrality, and the fact that it follows a balancing foreign policy between the Western powers on the one hand, and Russia, Turkey, and China on the other hand, also maintaining close political, economic, and security ties with the latter two powers. The second part of the paper continues to review the consequences and challenges of the war on Serbia by examining the energy domain. Russian exposure in Serbia’s energy sector, apart from the near-total reliance on Moscow for gas imports, is compounded by the fact that the most important oil company of the country, Naftna Industrija Srbije (NIS) is majority-owned by Gazprom Group. As with other countries in the Central and Eastern European region as well as wider Europe, the diversification of sources and decreasing the reliance on Russian energy will take considerable time for Serbia. Cooperation both with Serbia’s neighbours and the countries of the region (e.g. Bulgaria and Greece) will play a significant role in the diversification of both sources and supply routes.
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Quak, Evert-jan. Business Environment Regulatory Reforms and Women’s Economic Empowerment. Institute of Development Studies, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4dd.2024.004.
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This rapid review synthesises the literature from academic sources, knowledge institutions, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and trusted independent media outlets on the evidence how business environment and product safety regulatory reforms can contribute directly and indirectly to women’s economic empowerment and micro- small- and medium sized enterprises business performance. The rapid review concludes that business environment and product safety regulatory reform interventions with a narrow look at the design and implementation of a specific law, regulation, or policy, might not generate the most impact. Importantly, robust evidence on what works is far from abundant, except forproperty registration regulations for women.
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Quak, Evert-jan. Russia’s Approach to Civilians in the Territories it Controls. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.041.
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This rapid review synthesises the literature from academic sources, knowledge institutions, non-governmental organisations (NGOs), and trusted independent media outlets on the approach used by the Russian government to provide any support or services to civilians in the territories it controls. The rapid review concludes that Russia provides economic, social, government, and military support to de facto states that it controls, such as Abkhazia, South Ossetia, Transnistria and the Donbas region. Russia covers large parts of the state’s budget of these separatist regions. This review uses the term aid referring to a wide range of support, such as humanitarian, social safety nets, basic services, infrastructure, state development, and security. Due to the lack of transparency on the Russian aid money that flows into the regions that are the subject of this review, it is impossible to show disaggregated data, but rather a broader overview of Russian aid to these regions. Russia used humanitarian aid and assistance to provide for civilians. During armed conflict it provided, to some extent, food, and medicines to the people. However, from the literature Russia has used humanitarian aid and assistance as an instrument to pursue broader policy goals that could not be defined as humanitarian in nature. Russia often relied on the language of humanitarianism to strengthen its credentials as a neutral and impartial actor and to justify its continued support for the residents and de facto authorities of Abkhazia, South Ossetia, and Transnistria, to secure its aim to strengthen the political and social ties with these regions while weakening their allegiance to Georgia and Moldova. As the humanitarian activities to the Donbas region in eastern Ukraine demonstrate, the Russian state is not willing to allow scrutiny of their humanitarian aid by independent organisations. Mistrust, corruption, and the use of aid for propaganda, even smuggling arms into the separatist region, are commonly mentioned by trusted sources. After a conflict becomes more stabilised, Russia’s humanitarian aid becomes more of a long-term strategic “friendship”, often sealed in a treaty to integrate the region into the Russian sphere, such as the cases of South Ossetia, Abkhazia, and Transnistria clearly show. Although all these separatist regions rely on Russia (economically, politically, and through Russia’s military presence), this does not mean that they always do exactly what Russia wants, which is particularly the case for Abkhazia and Transnistria.
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Davies, Will. Improving the engagement of UK armed forces overseas. Royal Institute of International Affairs, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/9781784135010.
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The UK government’s Integrated Review of security, defence, development and foreign policy, published in March 2021 alongside a supporting defence command paper, set a new course for UK national security and highlighted opportunities for an innovative approach to international engagement activity. The Integrated Review focused principally on the state threats posed by China’s increasing power and by competitors – including Russia – armed with nuclear, conventional and hybrid capabilities. It also stressed the continuing risks to global security and resilience due to conflict and instability in weakened and failed states. These threats have the potential to increase poverty and inequality, violent extremism, climate degradation and the forced displacement of people, while presenting authoritarian competitors with opportunities to enhance their geopolitical influence. There are moral, security and economic motives to foster durable peace in conflict-prone and weakened regions through a peacebuilding approach that promotes good governance, addresses the root causes of conflict and prevents violence, while denying opportunities to state competitors. The recent withdrawal from Afghanistan serves to emphasize the complexities and potential pitfalls associated with intervention operations in complex, unstable regions. Success in the future will require the full, sustained and coordinated integration of national, allied and regional levers of power underpinned by a sophisticated understanding of the operating environment. The UK armed forces, with their considerable resources and global network, will contribute to this effort through ‘persistent engagement’. This is a new approach to overseas operations below the threshold of conflict, designed as a pre-emptive complement to warfighting. To achieve this, the UK Ministry of Defence (MOD) must develop a capability that can operate effectively in weak, unstable and complex regions prone to violent conflict and crises, not least in the regions on the eastern and southern flanks of the Euro-Atlantic area. The first step must be the development of a cohort of military personnel with enhanced, tailored levels of knowledge, skills and experience. Engagement roles must be filled by operators with specialist knowledge, skills and experience forged beyond the mainstream discipline of combat and warfighting. Only then will individuals develop a genuinely sophisticated understanding of complex, politically driven and sensitive operating environments and be able to infuse the design and delivery of international activities with practical wisdom and insight. Engagement personnel need to be equipped with: An inherent understanding of the human and political dimensions of conflict, the underlying drivers such as inequality and scarcity, and the exacerbating factors such as climate change and migration; - A grounding in social sciences and conflict modelling in order to understand complex human terrain; - Regional expertise enabled by language skills, cultural intelligence and human networks; - Familiarity with a diverse range of partners, allies and local actors and their approaches; - Expertise in building partner capacity and applying defence capabilities to deliver stability and peace; - A grasp of emerging artificial intelligence technology as a tool to understand human terrain; - Reach and insight developed through ‘knowledge networks’ of external experts in academia, think-tanks and NGOs. Successful change will be dependent on strong and overt advocacy by the MOD’s senior leadership and a revised set of personnel policies and procedures for this cohort’s selection, education, training, career management, incentivization, sustainability and support.