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Academic literature on the topic 'Famine'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Famine"

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Ó Gráda, Cormac. "Making Famine History." Journal of Economic Literature 45, no. 1 (February 1, 2007): 5–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jel.45.1.5.

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This paper reviews recent contributions to the economics and economic history of famine. It provides a context for the history of famine in the twentieth century, which is unique. During the century, war and totalitarianism produced more famine deaths than did overpopulation and economic backwardness; yet by its end, economic growth and medical technology had almost eliminated the threat of major famines. Today's high-profile famines are “small” by historical standards. Topics analyzed include the role played by food markets in mitigating or exacerbating famine, the globalization of disaster relief, the enhanced role of human agency and entitlements, distinctive demography of certain twentieth-century famines, and future prospects for “making famine history.”

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Vestal, Theodore M. "Risk Factors and Predictability of Famine in Ethiopia." Politics and the Life Sciences 9, no. 2 (February 1991): 187–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0730938400010728.

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Famine, a complex phenomenon with multifactorial causes, produces starvation and associated diseases resulting in unusually high mortality from a lack of food. Devastating famines in sub-Saharan Africa in the 1980s may have provided an impetus for scholars to find additional analytical tools for predicting famines. Two predominant theories of famines causality are (1) food availability decline (FAD), a supply failure; and (2) the entitlement approach based on a demand failure. Findings from both theories are applied to specific examples from Ethiopian famines to analyze the composition and effects of famine. The limited success of contemporary famines studies in anticipating famine suggests the need for improved analytical tools. Risk factor analysis, used successfully in the social sciences and the medical sciences to predict the occurrence of complicated phenomena, is developed to identify controllable, uncontrollable, and contributing factors to famine. Based on the experience of Ethiopia in 1983-86, categorical cutoff values for identifying a high risk of developing famine are formulated.

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Engler, S., J. Luterbacher, F. Mauelshagen, and J. Werner. "The Irish famine of 1740–1741: causes and effects." Climate of the Past Discussions 9, no. 1 (February 15, 2013): 1013–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cpd-9-1013-2013.

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Abstract. This paper advances the current debate on causes and effects of famines. Since Sen's food entitlement decline theory emerged in the 1980's, climate and environmental factors are widely excluded in famine analysis. Studying the causation and the processes of famines as well as the adaptations to it before the 20th century will enhance modern famine theories and lead to a rethinking of the role of climate/environmental aspects in current research. In our case study, the "Famine Vulnerability Analysis Model" (FVAM) serves as an explanatory model and will open up new perspectives on famines. Special emphasis will be put on the Europe-wide crises of 1740–1741, with a focus on the famine of the "great frost" in Ireland. The interaction of demographic, political, economic and environmental aspects is characteristic in this famine.

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Klid, Bohdan. "Empire-Building, Imperial Policies, and Famine in Occupied Territories and Colonies." East/West: Journal of Ukrainian Studies 8, no. 1 (April 28, 2021): 11–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21226/ewjus634.

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The introductory article to the special issue “Empire, Colonialism, and Famine in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries” begins by pointing to some recent literature on famine theory, where stress has been made on responses of authorities to famine and on the political nature of modern famines. Literature on the connection between imperial policies, colonial rule, and famines is also briefly discussed. The Soviet Union is treated as an empire in the essay, and some of the literature on this question is also surveyed. The article then offers summaries of and highlights from essays in this volume that resulted from papers presented at two conferences on the theme “Empires and Famines in Comparative Historical Perspective,” held in 2016 in Toronto and in 2017 in Kyiv. These include papers on famine and food policies during World War II in occupied Ukraine and Moldova. Essays on famines in Soviet Ukraine, British-ruled Ireland, and British-ruled Bengal, India, are summarized as well as an essay on Raphaël Lemkin’s views on genocide and famine and an essay that looked at minorities in Mao’s China during the 1958-62 famine. The essay concludes with the observation that the investigation of imperial policies, colonial rule, and famine should be pursued further, especially in the case of the Soviet Union where this line of research is just beginning.

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Bhattacharya, Sourit. "Writing Famine, Writing Empire: Food Crisis and Anticolonial Aesthetics in Liam O'Flaherty's Famine and Bhabani Bhattacharya's So Many Hungers!" Irish University Review 49, no. 1 (May 2019): 54–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/iur.2019.0380.

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In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the colonies controlled by the British, the Dutch, and other European countries witnessed a number of devastating famines. These famines did not solely arise for the ‘natural’ reasons of the shortage of rainfall or food availability problems, but were aggravated by the systemic imperialist exploitation of the world by these major European powers. Taking as its case study the two great famines in Ireland and India – the 1845–52 Irish Famine and the 1943–44 Bengal Famine – the essay offers a reading of Liam O'Flaherty's Famine (1937) and Bhabani Bhattacharya's So Many Hungers! (1947). It shows that these works – apart from registering the devastating impact of the famines on the colonial population – have pointed through their powerful uses of content, form, and style to the world-historical reasons of long-term agrarian crisis, political instability, tyranny of the landlord classes, inefficiency of the British Empire, and others as responsible for the famines.

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GARNAUT, ANTHONY. "A Quantitative Description of the Henan Famine of 1942." Modern Asian Studies 47, no. 6 (April 18, 2013): 2007–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x13000103.

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AbstractThe Henan famine of 1942 occurred during the middle of the Sino-Japanese war, in a province that was divided between Japanese, Nationalist and Communist political control. Partly due to this wartime context, existing accounts of the famine rely almost exclusively on eyewitness reports. This paper presents a range of statistical sources on the famine, including weather records, contemporary economic surveys and population censuses. These statistical sources allow similarities to be drawn between the Henan famine and other famines that occurred during the Second World War, such as in Bengal, when the combination of bad weather, war-induced disruptions to food markets, and the relegation of famine relief to the war effort, brought great hardship to civilians living near the war front.

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Brennan, Lance. "Government Famine Relief in Bengal, 1943." Journal of Asian Studies 47, no. 3 (August 1988): 541–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2056974.

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An estimated seven and a half million people died of starvation and related diseases in China, Vietnam, and India during the last half of the Second World War. This death toll reflected the severity with which the poor were affected by the combination of natural disaster, military imperative, political conflict, economic dislocation, and corruption that caused these famines. But famine mortality is also a function of the effectiveness of the relief system. The famines in China and, to a lesser extent, Vietnam, occurred in times of administrative disruption. During the Bengal famine of 1943, however, the central and provincial administrations were intact, if under strain, as the Japanese army tested the eastern defenses of India. Moreover, the Bengal government had recently revised the instructions for bringing relief to those affected by famine. The possibility of an ordered administrative response to the crisis means that the analysis of this operation provides an opportunity to make a contribution to the general understanding of famine relief.

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Rudnytskyi, Omelian, Stanislav Kulchytskyi, Oleksandr Gladun, and Natalia Kulyk. "The 1921–1923 Famine and the Holodomor of 1932–1933 in Ukraine: Common and Distinctive Features." Nationalities Papers 48, no. 3 (March 24, 2020): 549–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/nps.2019.81.

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AbstractThis article covers the preconditions, causes, and consequences of the famine of 1921–1923 and of the Holodomor of 1932–1933. Significant attention is paid to the geography and scale of the famine. For the first time in the historiography of the famine of 1921–1923, a thorough assessment is conducted of the demographic loss of population for Ukraine as a whole, seven oblasts, and the Moldova Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (ASSR). A comparative analysis of the research results of the 1921–1923 famine and the Holodomor of 1932–1933 is presented. The discussion consists of three parts. The first part addresses the famine of 1921–1923. It examines the historico-political and economic context of the famine, its scale, and its uneven effect on different parts of the country. Special attention is paid to the sanitary-epidemiological situation which was closely tied to the famine itself. The second part is devoted to the Holodomor of 1932–1933. A comparative analysis of losses during the famines of 1921–1923 and 1932–1933 is presented in the third part.

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Sidorova, Svetlana. "FAMINES IN THE BRITISH INDIA IN 1860-1870-S : INACTION, OVERREGULATION AND MILD MEDIATION." Vostokovedenie i Afrikanistika, no. 2 (2021): 100–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.31249/rva/2021.02.07.

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In 1860-1870 s the British authorities in India tested various theoretical ideas and practical methods to prevent famines or minimize level of starvation and mortality: from total inaction in accordance with free-trade doctrine during Orissa famine (1866) and tough state regulation by means of organization of public works, large-scaled food procurement, market prices restrain during Bihar-Bengal famine (1873-1874) to a limited interference in the situation during Great famine (1876-1878). During this period, the British famine relief policy was notable for extremely inconsistency that could be referred to the incapacity of the colonial administration to suggest adequate solution of the crisis situations being unable to exceed the limits of predominated liberal economic doctrine of free market and laissez-faire. Moreover, in this period the Indian policy was excessively individualized and depended in a large degree on personal decisions of officials that led very often to contradictory steps from their side. Severe consequences of the famines, hot discussions in the public sphere, ruined careers and practical experience of these decades led to a formulation by the very beginning of 1880-s of more or less balanced famine policy that combined a range of indirect protective/preventive measures and a very restrained intrusion into market mechanisms.

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Gráda, Cormac Ó. "The Next World and the New World: Relief, Migration, and the Great Irish Famine." Journal of Economic History 79, no. 2 (May 6, 2019): 319–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002205071900010x.

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Ireland on the eve of the Great Famine was a poor and backward economy. The Great Irish Famine of the 1840s is accordingly often considered the classic example of Malthusian population economics in action. However, unlike most historical famines, the Great Famine was not the product of a harvest shortfall, but of a major ecological disaster. Because there could be no return to the status quo ante, textbook famine relief in the form of public works or food aid was not enough. Fortunately, in an era of open borders mass emigration helped contain excess mortality, subject to the limitation that the very poorest could not afford to leave. In general, the authorities did not countenance publicly assisted migration. This article discusses the lessons to be learned from two exceptional schemes for assisting destitute emigrants during and in the wake of the famine.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Famine"

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Kingdon, Lorraine B. "Coping With Famine." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/295690.

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Huebner, Andrew Brooks. "Famine Fighters: American Veterans, the American Relief Administration, and the 1921 Russian Famine." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1609075/.

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This study argues that the American Relief Administration (ARA) operationally and culturally was defined by the character and experiences of First World War American military veterans. The historiography of the American Relief Administration in the last half-century has painted the ARA as a purely civilian organization greatly detached from the military sphere. By examining the military veterans of the ARA scholars can more accurately assess the image of the ARA, including what motivated their personnel and determined their relief mission conduct. Additionally, this study will properly explain how the ARA as an organization mutually benefited and suffered from its connection to the U.S. military throughout its European missions, in particular, the 1921 Russian famine relief expedition.

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Bhansali, R. Raj. "Famine Foods of Rajasthan Desert." University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/556800.

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Keen, David. "Benefits of famine : a political economy of famine and relief in south-west Sudan, 1983-89." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308862.

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Hall-Matthews, David Nicolas John. "Famine process and famine policy : a case study of Ahmednagar District, Bombay Presidency, India 1870-84." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:5e072387-d56c-496a-a90a-2ee2f31c29dd.

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Ahmednagar District, in Bombay Presidency, was affected - along with much of South India - by a major drought in 1876-78, leading to famine relief by the Government of Bombay and considerable emigration and mortality. Recent literature, however, has suggested that famine is a complex, human and long-drawn-out process, rather than a sudden, natural phenomenon. This thesis seeks to identify that process among poor peasants in Ahmednagar between 1870 and 1884. It does so by examining their factors of production - land, capital and, to a lesser extent, labour - as well as markets in credit and the cheap foodgrains they produced, in order to locate both their chronic food insecurity and forces increasing their vulnerability over time. In this context, emphasis is given to the relationship of the British colonial state to the peasantry. The agrarian policies and agendas of the Government of Bombay are explored with regard to peasant vulnerability. It is argued that it failed to invest in production and infrastructure, while forcing peasants into competitive markets in which they were ill-equipped to compete. Despite a laissez-faire philosophy, it intervened to first promote, then penalise, usurious moneylenders, reducing the availability of credit. It also taxed peasants directly through the inflexible ryotwari land revenue system. In the crisis, peasants were not treated as famine victims and discouraged from accepting relief. The state can therefore be said to have contributed to the process of famine. It is argued that the propriety of colonial famine policies - and especially of other policies in the agricultural sector that undermined peasant food security - was widely discussed at different levels within the British state, from assistant collectors in Ahmednagar to secretaries of state in London. Attention is given to the way these debates were conducted and the process of policy-making analysed, concluding that the colonial hierarchy made it difficult for officers to be responsive to local problems.

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Franks, Suzanne. "Famine, politics, aid and the media." Thesis, University of Westminster, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.534337.

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The BBC Coverage of the Ethiopian Famine in 1984-5 was an iconic news event. It is widely believed to have had an unprecedented impact, challenging perceptions of Africa and mobilising public opinion and philanthropic action in a dramatic new way. As such it offers a case study of the media impact on public opinion and the policy making process. The research, using for the first time privileged access to BBC and Government archives, examines and reveals the internal factors which drove the BBC news. It constructs the process which accounts for the immensity of the news event, as well as following the response to public opinion pressure into the heart of Government. In addition, it shows that whilst the reporting and the altruistic festival that it produced were to trigger remarkable and identifiable changes, this impact was not where the conventional account claimed it to have been. Moreover it demonstrates that the contemporary configuration of aid, media pressure, aid agencies and government policy is still directly affected and in some ways distorted by what was - as this narrative shows - also an inaccurate and misleading story. In popular memory the reporting of Ethiopia and the humanitarian intervention were a great success. Yet alternative interpretations give a radically different picture that the reporting was misleading and the resulting aid effort did more harm than good. This thesis explains the event within the wider context of foreign reporting, especially by the BBC, and also within the history of the period, and argues that the impact of the media is always historically determined - an aspect of the analysis of media effects that is often ignored.

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Rock, Mary June. "The politics of famine in Ethiopia." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1994. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2141/.

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In attempting to explain the causes of famine, the literature on famine points to different factors. This list of causes includes: drought; neo-Malthusian population growth; environmental degradation; limited technology; capitalist development, or the lack of it; the nature of the state, blamed either for lack of intervention or, on the contrary, for too much intervention; and, war. However, to attempt to determine how causation of famine might be quantitatively apportioned between the different factors listed in the debates on causes of famine is of limited value, precisely because the different factors that promote famine - drought, environmental degradation, economic decline, war - are inextricably intertwined and interact with one another. Moreover, famine is not simply predetermined by the factors that the debate on causes itemizes. People's own actions and what people choose to do also shapes the outcome and future strategies for survival. The concern of this thesis is with famine in the case study areas, but our concern is not with debating the causes of famine as much as with identifying consequences. We examine the effects of the array of forces on people's strategies for survival in the research areas during and after the drought and famine of the mid-1980's. We describe the different strategies pursued by people in the study areas in the circumstances that existed during the drought and famine of the mid-1980's; and then discuss the consequences of those actions for people's ability to recover and for people's future survival strategies. The empirical data are based on two case studies carried out over a 6 month period from late October 1991 to end April 1992 in the Kallu area of southern Wollo. Wallo is the province that was hit hardest by famine during 1984/5 and in 1972/4. In documenting the resource base in which people in the study areas sought to survive, our findings challenge commonly held assumptions about the effects of the 1975 Land Reform, the nature of Peasant Associations, and the nature of gender relations. The findings on the consequences of people's responses during the drought and famine of the mid-1980's indicate that we need to reconsider the issue of what is meant by the notion of 'coping', so central to much of the literature on famine survival strategies.

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Kingdon, Lorraine B. "Famine Prevention Program Overdoses on Paper." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/295678.

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Su, Cui. "Famine- A Crisis of History and Rhetoric." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.518914.

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Huggins, Michael James. "Agrarian conflict in pre-famine County Roscommon." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367632.

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Books on the topic "Famine"

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Egan, Desmond. Famine. Newbridge, Co. Kildare, Ireland: Goldsmith, 1997.

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Andrews, Henningfeld Diane, ed. Famine. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2009.

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Egan, Desmond. Famine. Newbridge, Co. Kildare: Goldsmith, 1997.

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Komarnicki, Todd. Famine. New York: Arcade Pub., 1997.

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Paul, Bennett. Famine. Mankato, Minn: Smart Apple Media, 2000.

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Robson, John R. K. Famine. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003412366.

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1927-, Harrison G. A., ed. Famine. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988.

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Chabrol, Didier. Famine: Roman. Paris: Atelier 6 1/2, 1995.

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1969-, Millar Mark, Land Greg, and Phillips Sean 1965-, eds. La famine. Saint-Laurent-du-Var: Panini comics, 2012.

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Cathal, Póirtéir, ed. Famine echoes. Dublin: Gill & Macmillan, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Famine"

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Alfani, Guido. "Famine." In Calamities and the Economy in Renaissance Italy, 42–78. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137289773_3.

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Ghose, A. K. "Famine." In The New Palgrave Dictionary of Economics, 1–7. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_24-1.

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Campbell, David. "Famine." In Visual Global Politics, 127–33. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Interventions: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315856506-18.

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Ghose, A. K. "Famine." In Economic Development, 122–29. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19841-2_18.

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Healey, Jonathan. "Famine." In The History of Evil in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries, 292–311. 1 [edition]. | New York : Routledge-Taylor & Francis, 2016.: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351138406-21.

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Devereux, Stephen. "Famine." In The Companion to Development Studies, 295–300. 4th ed. London: Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429282348-59.

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Parrack, Dwain W. "Ecosystems and Famine†." In Famine, 41–45. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003412366-5.

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Robson, John R. K. "Introduction." In Famine, 49–50. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003412366-7.

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Dando, W. A. "Man-Made Famines: Some Geographical Insights from an Exploratory Study of a Millennium of Russian Famines." In Famine, 139–54. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003412366-20.

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Robson, John R. K. "Introduction." In Famine, 3–4. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003412366-2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Famine"

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Badmaeva, Ekaterina Nikolaevna. "Famine In Kalmykia (1932-1933)." In International Scientific Congress «KNOWLEDGE, MAN AND CIVILIZATION». European Publisher, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2021.05.15.

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O’Bríon, Eoin, Robbie Kelleher, Jamie Rice, and Helen Sheridan. "Healing plants of post famine Ireland." In GA – 69th Annual Meeting 2021, Virtual conference. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1736925.

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Lomonosova, Marina, and Aleksandr Bykov. "UNDERSTANDING FAMINE THROUGH VISUAL AND DIGITAL MEDIA: WESTERN PERSPECTIVES ON THE 1921-22 FAMINE IN RUSSIA." In 4th International Conference Modern Culture and Communication. Institute for Peace and Conflict Research, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31312/978-5-6048848-7-4-01.

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In the contemporary era, the intersection of history, technology, and the politics of memory has grown increasingly vital. Nations with technological prowess wield history as a potent tool to shape present ideologies. This dynamic has intensified ideological battles in the digital domain, where virtual policies can diverge from reality. Memory institutions, governmental and private, have harnessed digital platforms to disseminate their interpretations of history, often linked to political agendas. While these institutions hold significant sway, they remain underexplored in Russian academia. Developing post-Soviet states have established institutions such as the Polish Institute of National Remembrance and the Hungarian Historical Service to shape historical narratives. These entities emerged after the USSR's dissolution or the EU's formation, infusing an anti-Soviet stance into the politics of memory. This has led to the rise of "post-truth" journalism, distorting historical truths for narrative purposes. However, the need for similar institutions in Russia remains an underexplored topic in academic circles. Visual documents play a crucial role in sociological exploration, offering glimpses into historical realities. While often overlooked within Russia, they have been used abroad for political and ideological purposes. Addressing this void, the State Archive Service of the Samara Region published a two-volume documentary collection on the 1921-22 famine, providing a crucial resource for scholars. Russian researchers possess a distinct advantage in accessing archival materials, enabling them to counter myths and influence memory politics. Their engagement safeguards historical memory and shapes societal values. Western researchers, despite challenges, employ digital platforms extensively, influencing narratives disproportionately.

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Wille, David. "Managing lots of models: the FaMine approach." In the 22nd ACM SIGSOFT International Symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2635868.2661681.

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Quinn, John A., Washington Okori, and Anthony Gidudu. "Increased-specificity famine prediction using satellite observation data." In the First ACM Symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1926180.1926203.

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"Activities of the Chairman of the Bashkir Central Executive Committee Musa Murtazin to Save the Population from Famine in 1921–1922." In XIII Ural Demographic Forum. Global challenges to demographic development. Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of RAS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17059/udf-2022-1-5.

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The article is devoted to the tragic history of the Russian famine of 1921-1922, which influenced the demography of the country. The paper examines the scale of famine in Bashkortostan, its geographical distribution and consequences. Particular attention is paid to the fight of state structures against hunger. An overview of the measures taken to save the population during the leadership of Bashkortostan by MusaMurtazinis presented. The main problems of hunger and its impact on the demography of the country as a whole are also highlighted. The scale, causes, and consequences of the famine of 1921-1922 are studied in more detail. Based on the sources, the article proves the large scale of this event and its impact on the development of the country and the growth of the population. The research also considers the volume of state aid to the population, measures taken to save children and adults during the leadership of M.L. Murtazin’s Bashkir.

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Ruscica, Giosuè, Bia Carneiro, Chiara Perfetto, Giuliano Resce, and Giulia Tucci. "Food insecurity trends in the Famine Early Warning Systems Network." In CARMA 2023 - 5th International Conference on Advanced Research Methods and Analytics. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/carma2023.2023.16433.

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Periodic country analyses elaborated by the Famine Early Warning Systems Network of the United States Agency for International Development (FEWS NET) comprises a unique source of knowledge encompassing consistent reporting in over two dozen countries. This paper proposes a systematic assessment of this documentation to provide a comprehensive historical overview of food insecurity in FEWS NET covered countries. We apply an integrated machine learning approach, particularly through text mining techniques, to analyse reports. Results show a wide heterogeneity in topic prevalence, both at the temporal and geographical scales. Overall, the evidence shows that advances in machine learning and big data research offer great potential for international development agencies to leverage the vast information generated from reports to gain new insights, providing analytics that can support and improve decision-making.

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Cluver, Michelle, Lourdes L. Verdes-Montenegro, and Kelley M. Hess. "From Feast To Famine: the Role of HI in Group Evolution." In MeerKAT Science: On the Pathway to the SKA. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.277.0022.

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Montanez, George D. "The famine of forte: Few search problems greatly favor your algorithm." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smc.2017.8122651.

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Kobyliansky, Eugene, Anna Chumakova, Arkady Torchinsky, and Leonid Kalichman. "PATTERN OF TELOMERE LENGTH INHERITANCE IN A POPULATION EXPERIENCED MASS FAMINE." In XVII INTERNATIONAL INTERDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS NEUROSCIENCE FOR MEDICINE AND PSYCHOLOGY. LCC MAKS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m2161.sudak.ns2021-17/189-190.

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Reports on the topic "Famine"

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Zubov, Andrey, and Tamara Rusina. Map of Collectivization and famine, 1929-1933. Edited by Andrey Zubov and Aleksandr Khropov. Astrel, January 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.15356/dm2016-01-14-2.

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Meng, Xin, and Nancy Qian. The Long Term Consequences of Famine on Survivors: Evidence from a Unique Natural Experiment using China's Great Famine. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, April 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14917.

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Carter, Becky, and Luke Kelly. Social Inequalities and Famine and Severe Food Insecurity Risk. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.097.

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This rapid review summarises the evidence on the ways in which social inequalities and discrimination affect the risk of famine or severe food insecurity. Looking at the risk at the national and sub-national level, gender and other horizontal inequities can affect a society’s risk of violent conflict and therefore food insecurity, while fragile livelihoods associated with ethnic marginalisation can impact regional food security. At the individual and household level, there is a lack of disaggregated data on people’s social characteristics and famines. There is a broader literature on the impact of systemic discrimination (based on gender, age, disability, sexuality, and ethnic identity) on individuals’ and households’ livelihoods and assets, thereby increasing their vulnerability to food insecurity. A key finding from the literature is the gender gap, with women more at risk of being food insecure than men. Also, some ethnic groups are highly vulnerable particularly in conflict-related famines; starvation is used as a warfare tactic in political and ethnic conflicts. There is evidence of how social inequalities heighten individuals’ risks during food crises and famines, including through exposure to protection threats, while limiting their access to essential services and humanitarian assistance. A broad range of measures seeks to address the multi-dimensional ways in which social inequalities affect vulnerability and resilience to food insecurity.

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Meng, Xin, Nancy Qian, and Pierre Yared. The Institutional Causes of China's Great Famine, 1959-61. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w16361.

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Bhushan, Bharat. Millions forced to move by war, famine and disaster. Edited by Suzannah Lyons. Monash University, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54377/457f-0f1e.

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Quak, Evert-jan. The Drivers of Acute Food Insecurity and the Risk of Famine. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.132.

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This rapid review synthesises the literature from academic, policy, and knowledge institution sources on the drivers of acute food insecurity and famines with a focus on key FCDO-partner countries. This review builds further on evidence already collected in other K4D helpdesk reports. The main conclusion of this rapid review is that the drivers of acute food insecurity are complex, often involving multiple and interrelated factors. The drivers for chronical food insecurity and acute food insecurity cannot be separated entirely from each other, as the evidence shows that slow-onset determinants of food insecurity could play a critical role during an event (or multiple events) that could trigger a food emergency. The literature shows that the political economy (e.g. food system governance or preparedness of institutions to disasters) and socioeconomic dynamics (e.g. shaping demand and supply of food) have become more relevant factors in any analysis on the drivers of acute food insecurity, acute malnutrition, and famine. This coincides with a shift in the literature away from global drivers of food insecurity and malnutrition toward localised dynamics on the national and sub-national level. The analytical framework of Howe (2018) that captures this complexity distinguishes pressure, hold, and self-reinforcing dynamics as key dimensions that explain potential pathways for famine. These could be political-induced, natural-induced, economical-induced, or socially induced, but most often a combination. Based on this framework and supported by the evidence from the literature, this rapid review assesses conflicts and protracted crises; climate change and pressure on natural resources; social inequalities; and economic shocks and food prices, as the key drivers of acute food insecurity and famine. Importantly, from the literature it seems clear that acute food insecurity is the result of changing vulnerabilities that link with different coping mechanisms of households and communities.

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Research Institute (IFPRI), International Food Policy. From famine to food security: Lessons for building resilient food systems. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2499/9780896292888.

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Collins, William, and Ariell Zimran. The Economic Assimilation of Irish Famine Migrants to the United States. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w25287.

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Markevich, Andrei, Natalya Naumenko, and Nancy Qian. The Political-Economic Causes of the Soviet Great Famine, 1932–33. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w29089.

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Nicolas, S., and Richard Steckel. Tall But Poor: Nutrition, Health, and Living Standards in Pre-Famine Ireland. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, August 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/h0039.

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