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Journal articles on the topic 'Family transfers'

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Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 21 February 2023

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1

GUth, Werner, Theo Offerman, Jan Potters, Martin Strobel, and Harrie A. A. Verbon. "Are Family Transfers Crowded Out by Public Transfers?" Scandinavian Journal of Economics 104, no. 4 (December 2002): 587–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9442.00303.

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2

Wong, Eliza Lai-Yi, Jennifer Mengwei Liao, Christopher Etherton-Beer, Loretta Baldassar, Gary Cheung, Claire Margaret Dale, Elisabeth Flo, et al. "Scoping Review: Intergenerational Resource Transfer and Possible Enabling Factors." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (October 27, 2020): 7868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217868.

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We explore the intergenerational pattern of resource transfer and possible associated factors. A scoping review was conducted of quantitative, peer-reviewed, English-language studies related to intergenerational transfer or interaction. We searched AgeLine, PsycINFO, Social Work Abstracts, and Sociological Abstracts for articles published between Jane 2008 and December 2018. Seventy-five studies from 25 countries met the inclusion criteria. The scoping review categorised resource transfers into three types: financial, instrumental, and emotional support. Using an intergenerational solidarity framework, factors associated with intergenerational transfer were placed in four categories: (1) demographic factors (e.g., age, gender, marital status, education, and ethno-cultural background); (2) needs and opportunities factors, including health, financial resources, and employment status; (3) family structures, namely, family composition, family relationship, and earlier family events; and (4) cultural-contextual structures, including state policies and social norms. Those factors were connected to the direction of resource transfer between generations. Downward transfers from senior to junior generations occur more frequently than upward transfers in many developed countries. Women dominate instrumental transfers, perhaps influenced by traditional gender roles. Overall, the pattern of resource transfer between generations is shown, and the impact of social norms and social policy on intergenerational transfers is highlighted. Policymakers should recognise the complicated interplay of each factor with different cultural contexts. The findings could inform policies that strengthen intergenerational solidarity and support.

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3

McGarry, Kathleen. "Dynamic aspects of family transfers." Journal of Public Economics 137 (May 2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2016.03.008.

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4

Cremer, Helmuth, Denis Kessler, and Pierre Pestieau. "Intergenerational transfers within the family." European Economic Review 36, no. 1 (January 1992): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0014-2921(92)90013-m.

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5

Arrondel, Luc, and Andre Masson. "Family Transfers Involving Three Generations." Scandinavian Journal of Economics 103, no. 3 (September 2001): 415–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9442.00253.

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6

Wulandari, Corry, and Nadezhda Baryshnikova. "DID PUBLIC CASH TRANSFER CROWD OUT INTER-HOUSEHOLD TRANSFERS IN INDONESIA? EVIDENCE FROM "BANTUAN LANGSUNG TUNAI /BLT"." INFO ARTHA 3, no. 2 (November 5, 2019): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.31092/jia.v3i2.571.

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In 2005 the Government of Indonesia introduced an unconditional cash transfer program called the ‘Bantuan Langsung Tunai’ (BLT), aimed at assisting poor people who were suffering from the removal of a fuel subsidy. There are concerns, however, that the introduction of a public transfer system can negatively affect inter-household transfers through the crowding-out effect, which exists when donor households reduce the amount of their transfers in line with public transfers received from the government. The poor may not therefore have received any meaningful impact from the public cash transfer, as they potentially receive fewer transfers from inter-household private donors. For the government to design a public transfer system, it is necessary to properly understand the dynamics of private transfer behaviour. Hence, this study evaluates whether there exists a crowding-out effect of public transfers on inter-household transfers in Indonesia.Using data from the Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) and by applying Coarsened Exact Matching (CEM) and Difference-in-differences (DID) approaches, this study found that the likelihood to receive transfers from other family members (non-co-resident) reduces when the household receives BLT. However, there is no significant impact of BLT on transfers from parents and friends.

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7

Nordblom, Katarina, and Henry Ohlsson. "Tax avoidance and intra-family transfers." Journal of Public Economics 90, no. 8-9 (September 2006): 1669–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2005.10.005.

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8

Posel, Dorrit R. "INTRA-FAMILY TRANSFERS AND INCOME-POOLING." South African Journal of Economics 69, no. 3 (July 6, 2005): 501–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1813-6982.2001.tb00023.x.

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9

Davis, John A., Jeffrey Swartz, Elizabeth B. Blakely, Christopher Chang, José María Eyzaguirre G., Robert Mattson, and John D. Pettker. "A Comparison of Four Countries' Estate Laws and Their Influence on Family Companies." Family Business Review 9, no. 3 (September 1996): 285–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.1996.00285.x.

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Estate laws can have a significant effect on ownership transfers for family companies, influencing both the ease of the transfer and who receives shares of the company. By comparing the estate laws of various countries, we not only can learn about the culture of a country, but also gain insights into the effects of these laws on family business. A review of four countries' estate laws (for the United States, Finland, Chile, and Taiwan) demonstrates four philosophies and approaches to intergenerational wealth distribution. The authors discuss some implications of these laws on ownership transfers in family companies.

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10

Zhang, Yalu. "DO WELFARE RECEIPTS CROWD OUT PRIVATE TRANSFERS FROM FAMILIES AND FRIENDS? EVIDENCE FROM PANEL DATA IN CHINA." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S339—S340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.1231.

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Abstract Many countries are undergoing an unprecedented challenge to provide financial support to the older generation and guarantee their livelihood and wellbeing. China is no exception. Rural older adults in China have been becoming even more vulnerable to lack of care and inadequate financial resources as the growth of urbanization and labor migration has intensified. Therefore, it becomes increasingly difficult to follow the traditional family support model for the aged. Using the panel data of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011, 2013, and 2015 and a system generalized methods of moment (GMM), this paper examined the dynamic relationship between welfare receipts and monetary transfers from families and friends among rural and urban older adults (n=9,496) in China. The results show that the welfare receipts do not induce any “crowd-out” or “crowd-in” effects on rural older adults’ private transfer receipts. The incidence and amount of private transfers that occurred among rural older adults are more likely to be determined by the private transfers they received in prior waves. The intensity of catastrophic health expenditure itself does not affect the occurrence and size of private transfers. This study, on the one hand, confirms that among rural recipients, public transfers do not substitute private transfers, which most of the policymakers have long been concerned about. However, on the other hand, it also reveals the shortcoming of current public transfer policies—the generosity of public transfers does not enable rural older adults to be financially independent of intra-family transfers.

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11

Yi, Chin-Chun, and Rudolf Richter. "Youth and Family: Intergenerational Tensions and Transfers." Journal of Comparative Family Studies 35, no. 4 (December 1, 2004): 519–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jcfs.35.4.519.

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12

Cremer, Helmuth, and Kerstin Roeder. "Rotten spouses, family transfers, and public goods." Journal of Population Economics 30, no. 1 (August 23, 2015): 141–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00148-015-0564-x.

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13

Martz, Kim, and Janice M. Morse. "The Changing Nature of Guilt in Family Caregivers: Living Through Care Transitions of Parents at the End of Life." Qualitative Health Research 27, no. 7 (May 19, 2016): 1006–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1049732316649352.

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Older adults cared for at home by family members at the end of life are at risk for care transitions to residential and institutional care settings. These transitions are emotionally distressing and fraught with suffering for both families and the older adult. A theoretical model titled “The Changing Nature of Guilt in Family Caregivers: Living Through Care Transitions of Parents at the End of Life” was developed using the method of grounded theory. When a dying parent cannot remain at home to die, family members experience guilt throughout the transition process. Findings indicated that guilt surrounding transfers escalated during the initial stages of the transfer but was mitigated by achieving what family members deemed as a “good” death when relatives were receiving hospice care. The findings of this interpretative approach provide new insights into family-focused perspectives in care transfers of the dying.

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14

Seok Cheol HA. "A Study on Influential Factors of Income Transfers between Parents and Children: Focusing on Parents as Beneficiaries and Children as Providers." Family and Culture 24, no. 2 (July 2012): 101–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21478/family.24.2.201207.004.

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15

Silverstein, Merril, and Wencheng Zhang. "Grandparents’ Financial Contributions to Grandchildren in Rural China: The Role of Remittances, Household Structure, and Patrilineal Culture." Journals of Gerontology: Series B 75, no. 5 (January 30, 2019): 1042–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbz009.

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Abstract Objectives This investigation examined predictors of monetary transfers made by grandparents for the benefit of their grandchildren in rural China. Predictors included family factors related to financial supply (remittances received from the parents of grandchildren), household demand (living in a skipped-generation household), and patrilineal culture (targeting sons and grandsons). Method The 2015 wave of the Longitudinal Study of Older Adults in Anhui Province was used to study financial transfers made by 831 grandparents to grandchildren in the families of 1,633 parents. Two-part random-effects regression was used to predict whether a transfer was made and the value of transfers, given that one occurred. Results Grandparents provided higher value transfers to grandchildren whose parents provided greater remittances and with whom they coresided in skipped-generation households. The likelihood of making a transfer fully followed the male lineage, and was greatest to grandson-only families in which parents were first-born sons. Discussion Results show that economic, household, and cultural factors are independently associated with the largesse of grandparents. We conclude that grandparents’ economic contributions to grandchildren in rural China are shaped by family demands in a highly mobile society, intergenerational interdependence, and a persistent patrilineal gender system that reaches to the level of grandchildren.

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16

Deindl, Christian. "The Connection Between Social Inequality And Intergenerational Transfers Between Three Generations In Europe." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 789–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.2913.

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Abstract Family members support each other across the entire family cycle. Parents help their adult children with financial transfers and hands-on-support and childcare, while children in mid-life often support their older parents with help and care. However, there is profound social inequalities linked to intergenerational transfers. While there is some research on inequality for some types of intergenerational transfers and some transfer directions, there is still no conclusive study bringing together all different support types between multiple generations from different social backgrounds over time. In our view, taking a longitudinal multi-generational perspective is essential to capture dependencies and negotiations within families from different socio-economic backgrounds within different regional contexts. If middle-aged parents have to take care of their own older parents, they have fewer resources for their(grand-)children, who might then receive less attention and support from them. This may differ according to access to support from public or private institutions. Here, country and regional specifics have a huge impact on support patterns within the family, which can only be captured when looking into developments and change. Using six waves of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), we look at intergenerational transfers between multiple generations over time across European regions, considering mid-aged Europeans in the “sandwich” position between older parents and children and include multiple transfer directions and types over time to assess the links between social inequality and intergenerational solidarity in Europe’s ageing societies. The impact of Covid 19 on this issue will also be considered.

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17

Cremer, Helmuth, and Pierre Pestieau. "Means-Tested Long-Term Care and Family Transfers." German Economic Review 19, no. 3 (August 1, 2018): 351–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/geer.12132.

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Abstract One of the pervasive problems with means-tested public long-term care programs is their inability to prevent individuals who could afford private long-term services from taking advantage of public care. They often manage to elude the means-test net through ‘strategic impoverishment’. We show in a simple model how this problem comes about, how it affects welfare and how it can be mitigated.

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18

Leopold, T., and T. Schneider. "Family Events and the Timing of Intergenerational Transfers." Social Forces 90, no. 2 (December 1, 2011): 595–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sf/sor030.

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19

Hanks, Roma S., and Marvin B. Sussman. "Rethinking Family / Organization Linkage in Job-Related Transfers." Marriage & Family Review 19, no. 1-2 (October 2, 1993): 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j002v19n01_06.

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20

Hines, James R., Niklas Potrafke, Marina Riem, and Christoph Schinke. "Inter vivos transfers of ownership in family firms." International Tax and Public Finance 26, no. 2 (August 6, 2018): 225–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10797-018-9508-1.

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21

Theerawanviwat, Duanpen. "Intergenerational Transfers and Family Structure: Evidence from Thailand." Ageing International 39, no. 4 (May 2, 2014): 327–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12126-014-9199-6.

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22

Fernández-Roca, FCO Javier, Jesús D. López-Manjón, and Fernando Gutiérrez-Hidalgo. "Family Cohesion as a Longevity Factor of Business with Intergenerational Transmission." Enterprise & Society 15, no. 4 (December 2014): 791–819. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1467222700016116.

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This article contributes to a line of research in Business History that aims to determine the factors of family business longevity in the long term with the study of individual cases. The literature has identified family cohesion as one of the essential factors for survival. Cohesion may be reinforced or broken at the time of the intergenerational transfer. This study finds that a critical response on the part of the business family to the difficulties associated with intergenerational transfer of control, including modifications to the original plan, is usually based on trust between generations. Within the business family cohesion facilitates intergenerational transfers and, consequently, allows the family to evolve and transform itself into a business dynasty.

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23

Lux, Martin, Tomáš Samec, Vojtech Bartos, Petr Sunega, Jan Palguta, Irena Boumová, and Ladislav Kážmér. "Who actually decides? Parental influence on the housing tenure choice of their children." Urban Studies 55, no. 2 (May 10, 2016): 406–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0042098016646665.

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We focus on the role of within-family socialisation and the relationship between socialisation and resource transfers in the intergenerational transmission of housing preferences, the formation of familial housing attitudes and thus the reproduction of a normative housing tenure ladder across generations in Czech society. We show that resource transfers and the within-family socialisation of housing preferences, including preferences concerning housing tenure, are closely interconnected. In other words, parental influence on decision to buy own housing (and on housing preferences in general) of their adult children through socialisation is stronger if there is an (actual or assumed) intergenerational resource transfer. This has several implications for how housing markets and systems work. The paper draws on findings from qualitative, quantitative and experimental studies.

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24

Kuratko, Donald F., Helga B. Foss, and Lucinda L. VanAlst. "IRS Estate Freeze Rules: Implications for Family Business Succession Planning." Family Business Review 7, no. 1 (March 1994): 61–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.1994.00061.x.

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This article examines the estate freeze rules of the Internal Revenue Service with respect to their implications for family business succession planning. Specifically, the tax impact of the valuation rules for transfers of certain interests, transfers in trust, buy-sell agreements, and lapsing rights are all reviewed in order to provide recommendations for family business planning.

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25

Haberman, Heather, and Sharon M. Danes. "Father-Daughter and Father-Son Family Business Management Transfer Comparison: Family FIRO Model Application." Family Business Review 20, no. 2 (June 2007): 163–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-6248.2007.00088.x.

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The purpose of the study was to investigate power structures and interactions among father-daughter and father-son family business decision teams experiencing management transfer. Analytic induction was the methodology used to test the family FIRO theory. Support was found for the theoretical premise of sequential and developmental relationships among the three dimensions (inclusion, control, and integration). The women in the father-son business experienced feelings of exclusion, incidents of higher conflict among family members, which produced less shared meaning, and lower levels of integration among family members. On the other hand, women in the father-daughter business experienced feelings of inclusion, resulting in lower conflict that created high levels of shared meaning, collaboration, and integration among family members. In management transfer consultations, if the entire family business decision team is not included in information gathering, and if the decision team is not observed interacting as a group, with individuals being allowed to confidentially confirm or refute the group interaction data, biased information may be obtained. For more successful adaptations in management transfers, power structures and interactions need to be reconstructed; failure to do so leads to confusion and conflict, resulting in distrust and lack of fellowship within the management decision team.

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26

Sari, Ainun Oktavia, Rahayu Sulistyowati, and Ita Prihantika. "Dampak Sosial Ekonomi pada Keluaga Penerima Manfaat (KPM) Program Keluarga Harapan (PKH) Exit Mandiri di Kecamatan Pagelaran Kabuoaten Pringsewu dalam Perspektif The Most Significant Change Technique (MSCt)." Administrativa: Jurnal Birokrasi, Kebijakan dan Pelayanan Publik 2, no. 3 (December 28, 2020): 373–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.23960/administrativa.v2i3.51.

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The Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) is a conditional social cash transfer program that provides assistance to Very Poor Households (RTSM) appointed as participants in the Conditional Cash Transfer program which is related to improving the quality of human life through education and health. This study aims to analyze the impact of Conditional Cash Transfers on ex-families who receive of Conditional Cash Transfers who go out independently in Pagelaran District with indicators of changes in economic conditions, changes in health quality, and changes in the quality of education. In evaluating the impact of this program, the researcher used the impact evaluation theory using The Most Significant Change technique (MSC) which is a participatory monitoring and evaluation technique that aims to obtain information about the most important changes in family life resulting from participation in poverty programs. The results of this study indicate that the Conditional Cash Transfer in Pagelaran District has a changing impact on the Former Beneficiary Family both positive and negative. Seen from the positive impact, the Former Beneficiary Family have experienced changes for the better, especially in the fields of economy and education. However, there has been change in the health sector because the informant of the Former Beneficiary Family in Pagelaran District was the recipient of assistance in the education sector. However, the negative side is the lack of compliance of former recipient families when they become participants in education.

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27

Canada, Kelli, Elizabeth Fritz, Amy Vogelsmeier, Marilyn Rantz, and Lori Popejoy. "Multiple Hospital Transfers Among MOQI Nursing Home Residents: The Influence of Race." Innovation in Aging 5, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2021): 552. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igab046.2122.

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Abstract Missouri Quality Initiative (MOQI) was a CMS-funded enhanced care and coordination provider demonstration project (2012-2020) that successfully reduced avoidable hospitalizations and improved nursing home (NH) care quality. Little is known about the influence of race in multiple hospital transfers from NHs. Using a mixed-methods approach we analyzed hospitalization root cause analysis data from 2017-2019 for 1410 residents in 16 MOQI NHs. There were 113 residents who were transferred 609 times. Those with multiple transfers (four or more transfers/year) were compared by race and key characteristics (e.g., code status, diagnosis). A subset of residents with multiple transfers were examined qualitatively to identify and describe key cases. Findings suggest that Black residents have a higher probability for multiple transfers. Findings highlight the need for transfer prevention efforts for Black residents including early assessment and intervention, early/frequent discussion about goals of care, advance directives, resuscitation status, and family/resident understanding of treatment effectiveness.

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28

Yang, Tzu-Ting. "Family Labor Supply and the Timing of Cash Transfers." Journal of Human Resources 53, no. 2 (March 2, 2017): 445–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/jhr.53.2.0115-6857r1.

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29

Futagami, Ritsuko, Kimiyoshi Kamada, and Takashi Sato. "Government Transfers and the Samaritan's Dilemma in the Family." Public Choice 118, no. 1/2 (January 2004): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/b:puch.0000013796.16886.d8.

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30

Kelly, Gabrielle. "Disability, cash transfers and family practices in South Africa." Critical Social Policy 39, no. 4 (August 22, 2019): 541–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261018319867593.

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Relative to other low and middle-income countries, South Africa provides a generous set of cash transfers (social grants) targeted at people with disabilities. This article explores the influence of disability-related grants on family practices and configurations, care arrangements and household composition in the Western Province of South Africa. The article draws on the findings of two studies: 1) an ethnographic study of disability grant recipients and applicants in a low-income Cape Town community and; 2) a study of interactions between healthcare staff, disability grant applicants and their families. Findings show that disability grant income is shared within households and the contribution of a stable income provides opportunities for people with disabilities to exercise agency, be seen as valuable household members and secure care and support from other household members. However, conflicts may arise over how income is shared and may lead to the extortion, abuse and neglect of people with disabilities, particularly in cases of severe disablement. Given the lack of adequate social provisioning for those who are able-bodied and unemployed, disability also becomes highly valued in households and the potential suspension or cancellation of a grant can interfere with adherence to treatment. The study emphasises the influence of policy structures and economic conditions on household dynamics and care outcomes and contributes to the sparse international evidence-base on the role that disability welfare benefits play in household dynamics and care outcomes.

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31

Gottlieb, Aaron, Natasha Pilkauskas, and Irwin Garfinkel. "Private Financial Transfers, Family Income, and the Great Recession." Journal of Marriage and Family 76, no. 5 (September 2, 2014): 1011–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jomf.12134.

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32

Chang, Yang-Ming. "Strategic altruistic transfers and rent seeking within the family." Journal of Population Economics 22, no. 4 (June 11, 2008): 1081–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00148-008-0200-0.

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33

Cao, Honggao. "Time and Financial Transfers Within and Beyond the Family." Journal of Family and Economic Issues 27, no. 2 (March 17, 2006): 375–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10834-006-9013-z.

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34

Davies, Simon. "What Motivates Gifts? Intra-Family Transfers in Rural Malawi." Journal of Family and Economic Issues 32, no. 3 (July 8, 2010): 473–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10834-010-9216-1.

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35

BÄCKMAN, OLOF, and TOMMY FERRARINI. "Combating Child Poverty? A Multilevel Assessment of Family Policy Institutions and Child Poverty in 21 Old and New Welfare States." Journal of Social Policy 39, no. 2 (November 26, 2009): 275–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279409990456.

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AbstractThis study analyses the links between family policy institutions and poverty in households with pre-school children in 21 old and new welfare democracies. New institutional information which enables a separation of different family policy dimensions is combined with micro data from the Luxembourg Income Study. Through statistical multilevel modelling, individual- and country-level data are combined in a simultaneous analysis of their relationships to child poverty risks. The results show that family policy transfers are related to lower child poverty risks at the micro level. However, the mechanisms by which such transfers reduce poverty vary by type of family support. Support to dual-earner families operates by enabling both parents to work and raise market income, while support to more traditional family structures in some instances has a more direct effect on poverty risks. The analysis also renders support to the hypothesis that dual-earner transfers also alleviate poverty most effectively among single-mother households.

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36

Raychaudhuri, Sumana, Young Jun Im, James H. Hurley, and William A. Prinz. "Nonvesicular sterol movement from plasma membrane to ER requires oxysterol-binding protein–related proteins and phosphoinositides." Journal of Cell Biology 173, no. 1 (April 3, 2006): 107–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.200510084.

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Sterols are moved between cellular membranes by nonvesicular pathways whose functions are poorly understood. In yeast, one such pathway transfers sterols from the plasma membrane (PM) to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). We show that this transport requires oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP)–related proteins (ORPs), which are a large family of conserved lipid-binding proteins. We demonstrate that a representative member of this family, Osh4p/Kes1p, specifically facilitates the nonvesicular transfer of cholesterol and ergosterol between membranes in vitro. In addition, Osh4p transfers sterols more rapidly between membranes containing phosphoinositides (PIPs), suggesting that PIPs regulate sterol transport by ORPs. We confirmed this by showing that PM to ER sterol transport slows dramatically in mutants with conditional defects in PIP biosynthesis. Our findings argue that ORPs move sterols among cellular compartments and that sterol transport and intracellular distribution are regulated by PIPs.

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37

Solarz, Małgorzata. "Financial Gifts as Family Transfers in the Light of Own Research Results." Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H, Oeconomia 52, no. 3 (December 18, 2018): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/h.2018.52.3.137-145.

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38

Riani, Novya Zulva, Werry Darta Taifur, Elfin dri, and Fajri Muharja. "Gender Bias in Intergenerational Transfer Patterns: Focusing on a Patrilineal and a Matrilineal Ethnic Group in Indonesia." Webology 18, Special Issue 03 (April 29, 2021): 160–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/web/v18si03/web18032.

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Gender was expected to strongly influence intergenerational transfers, especially in the country that has a multi-ethnic population. In this paper, we propose a new approach of intergenerational transfers pattern based on gender by using the raw data from Indonesia Family Life Surveys of 2014, with a total sample of 4179 households. Indonesia became an object of study because it has a multi-ethnic population and embraced the dual system, matrilineal and patrilineal kinship. This research aims to analyze the gender bias in the pattern of intergenerational transfers. The empirical model consists of four logistic regression equation, the dependent variable is the pattern of inter-generational transfers based on the direction and type of transfers. Our Econometric model estimation confirmed that the kinship system adopted by the family did not influence the decision to intergenerational transfers. Further results suggest that gender bias occurs only in the intergenerational transfers of money where daughters will receive more money than sons. These findings showed that women had a high financial dependency on their parents. The implication of it, improving the quality of women needs to be done to push them out of a liquidity constraint.

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39

Mihaylova, Svilena, and Silviya Bratoeva-Manoleva. "Social Transfers and Income Inequality in Bulgaria." South East European Journal of Economics and Business 12, no. 1 (April 1, 2017): 38–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jeb-2017-0003.

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AbstractThe paper analyzes the distributional effects of social transfers in Bulgaria in the period 2000-2014, using income inequality decomposition by factor components. The results suggest that social transfers mitigate income inequality, but this effect varies depending on the type of transfer. Pensions exert the strongest influence due to their significant share in total income, which also rises over time. Family allowances are pro-poor in nature, but because of their small share in beneficiaries’ total income, their impact on overall inequality is much weaker. “Other social benefits” have the weakest inequality-reducing effect, which is due to their higher concentration towards the richest decile and increasing share in total income. Despite the inequality-decreasing impact of social transfers, we argue that they should not be regarded as the sole remedy for the sharp income disparities in the country, but need to be accompanied by relevant active labor market policies.

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Hida, Haruzo, and Jacques Tilouine. "SYMMETRIC POWER CONGRUENCE IDEALS AND SELMER GROUPS." Journal of the Institute of Mathematics of Jussieu 19, no. 5 (November 14, 2018): 1521–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474748018000476.

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We prove, under some assumptions, a Greenberg type equality relating the characteristic power series of the Selmer groups over $\mathbb{Q}$ of higher symmetric powers of the Galois representation associated to a Hida family and congruence ideals associated to (different) higher symmetric powers of that Hida family. We use $R=T$ theorems and a sort of induction based on branching laws for adjoint representations. This method also applies to other Langlands transfers, like the transfer from $\text{GSp}(4)$ to $U(4)$. In that case we obtain a corollary for abelian surfaces.

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Lange, K., J. Johnson, P. Johnson, D. Hudson, C. Wang, and A. Gustafson. "Intergenerational Transfers of Managerial Control in U.S. Family Farm Businesses." American Journal of Experimental Agriculture 9, no. 6 (January 10, 2015): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajea/2015/20808.

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Picot, Garnett, and John Myles. "Social Transfers, Changing Family Structure and Low Income among Children." Canadian Public Policy / Analyse de Politiques 22, no. 3 (September 1996): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3551504.

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Izuhara, Misa, and Stephan Köppe. "Inheritance and family conflicts: exploring asset transfers shaping intergenerational relations." Families, Relationships and Societies 8, no. 1 (March 30, 2019): 53–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/204674317x14908575604683.

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Daruich, Diego, and Julian Kozlowski. "Explaining intergenerational mobility: The role of fertility and family transfers." Review of Economic Dynamics 36 (April 2020): 220–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.red.2019.10.002.

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Mudrazija, Stipica. "The balance of intergenerational family transfers: a life-cycle perspective." European Journal of Ageing 11, no. 3 (November 14, 2013): 249–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10433-013-0302-8.

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Yue, Lirong, Shuangshuang Wang, and Nengliang Yao. "TRANSFERS, DIFFICULTIES, AND CARE STRESS AMONG FAMILY CAREGIVERS OF OLDER ADULTS LIVING WITH DISABILITIES IN CHINA." Innovation in Aging 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): 633–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igac059.2349.

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Abstract Family caregivers are critical sources of support to older adults living with disabilities, but they also need to cope with caregiving stress and difficulties brought by the caregiving process. This study aimed to explore the associations between family transfers (i.e., time transfer and financial transfer), perceived difficulties of caregiving, and caregiving stress among family caregivers of older adults living with disabilities. Respondents were randomly selected from 6 urban districts and 6 rural towns in Shandong province, China. Data from 220 older adults living with disabilities and their family caregivers were analyzed. Caregiving stress were divided into three categories (mild stress, moderate stress and high stress). Difficulties were divided into four categories (insufficient care abilities, economic hardship, time conflicts, and inadequate nursing equipment). Family caregivers reported moderate to high levels of caregiving stress. Results from multivariate ordinal logistic regression shows that family caregivers providing nine or more hours of care per day reported higher levels of caregiving stress than those who provided 8 or less hours of care per day (9 to 12 hours: OR=2.92, p<.05; 13 to 16 hours: OR=2.66, p<.05). Caregivers who perceived insufficient care abilities, economic hardship, and time conflicts were more likely to report caregiving stress. Respites in the forms of caregiver support group and day care attendance for older adults living with disabilities may reduce caregiver stress. Educational program and professional knowledge training courses may be helpful in reducing caregiving stress. The long-term care insurance system should be promoted to provide social support for family caregivers.

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Sumata, Claude, and Jeffrey H. Cohen. "The Congolese diaspora and the politics of remittances." Remittances Review 3, no. 2 (October 25, 2018): 95–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.33182/rr.v3i2.567.

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Economic turmoil and war constitute the main engines fuelling migration in the Democratic Republic of Congo since 1980. The development of migration is accompanied by remittance transfers that impact on the country. The most common use of remittances are to satisfy basic needs and fund specific family events that can include buying land, house construction and opening businesses along with consumption (education, health…). The direct transfer of material goods, such as cars and medical & IT materials, also plays a major role. While most remittances are not used to cover investments; funding education and family wellbeing can support growth and development.

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Alter, George C. "Generation to Generation." Social Science History 37, no. 1 (2013): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200010555.

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After two centuries of demographic change, societies of European origin face a new reality of aging populations and heightened competition for resources between young and old. Research on the history of the family adds important perspectives on our current problems. In northwestern Europe, transfers of resources to the young and old were constrained by an unusual marriage and household formation system. The transition to small families increased downward intergenerational transfers (parents to children), and compensating upward transfers now take place outside the family. The growing independence of the elderly in the twentieth century is based on earlier investments in children. The members of each generation profit from the investments their parents make in them and the investments they make in the children of others.

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ENNSER-JEDENASTIK, LAURENZ. "How Women's Political Representation affects Spending on Family Benefits." Journal of Social Policy 46, no. 3 (January 16, 2017): 563–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047279416000933.

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AbstractRecent research finds that women's political representation correlates with higher social expenditures. This paper makes two more specific predictions regarding family benefits. First, women voters and politicians are likely to prefer in-kind benefits to cash transfers. This is because the provision of childcare does more than money can do to ameliorate the double burden of work and family duties, thus strengthening women's autonomy. As a consequence female political representation should correlate with spending on in-kind family benefits, but not with expenditures on cash transfers. Second, the pressure on politicians to provide childcare services should be greater when there are higher levels of female participation in the labour force. Assuming that women politicians are more responsive to such demands, we should see a positive interaction effect between female labour force participation and women's political representation on in-kind spending. An analysis of public expenditures for family benefits in 27 OECD nations between 1980 and 2011 bears out both propositions.

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Moffitt, Robert A. "The Great Recession and the Social Safety Net." ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 650, no. 1 (September 25, 2013): 143–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002716213499532.

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The social safety net responded in significant and favorable ways during the Great Recession. Aggregate per capita expenditures in safety net programs grew significantly, with particularly strong growth in the SNAP, EITC, UI, and Medicaid programs. The increase in transfers was widely shared across demographic groups, including families with and without children, and single-parent and two-parent families. Transfers grew as well among families with more employed members and with fewer employed members. In the low-income population, however, the increase in transfer amounts was not strongly progressive across income classes, with transfers to those just below or above the poverty line increasing slightly, compared to those at the bottom of the income distribution. This was mainly because of the EITC program, which provides greater benefits to those with higher family earnings. The expansions of SNAP and UI benefitted those at the bottom of the income distribution to a greater extent.

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