Relevant bibliographies by topics / Family policy Australia

Academic literature on the topic 'Family policy Australia'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 28 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Family policy Australia"

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Okhovat, Sahar, Asher Hirsch, Khanh Hoang, and Rebecca Dowd. "Rethinking resettlement and family reunion in Australia." Alternative Law Journal 42, no. 4 (November 27, 2017): 273–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1037969x17732705.

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Family reunion remains a significant issue for refugee communities in Australia. Family separation causes significant psychological, social and economic harm to displaced communities. Instead of supporting the reunion of refugee families, the current law and policies make it increasingly difficult, if not impossible, for refugees to bring their family members to Australia. This article outlines the barriers to family reunion for refugees under Australian law and policy and addresses how such policies could be reformed to better facilitate reunification.
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Lehmann, Caitlyn. "Editorial." Children Australia 42, no. 4 (November 29, 2017): 225–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2017.44.

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Among the plethora of minor parties fielding candidates in Australia's 2016 federal election was a relative newcomer called Sustainable Australia. Formed in 2010 and campaigning with the slogan ‘Better, not bigger’, the party's policy centrepiece calls for Australia to slow its population growth through a combination of lower immigration, changes to family payments, and the withdrawal of government agencies from proactive population growth strategies (Sustainable Australia, n.d.). At a global level, the party also calls for Australia to increase foreign aid with a focus on supporting women's health, reproductive rights and education. Like most minor parties, its candidates polled poorly, attracting too few votes to secure seats in the Senate. But in the ensuing months, the South Australian branch of The Greens broke from the national party platform by proposing the aim of stabilising South Australia's population within a generation (The Greens SA, 2017). Just this August, Australian business entrepreneur Dick Smith launched a ‘Fair Go’ manifesto, similarly calling for reductions in Australia's population growth to address rising economic inequality and a “decline in living standards” (Dick Smith Fair Go Group, 2017).
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Moulds, Lauren, Andrew Day, Richelle Mayshak, Helen Mildred, and Peter Miller. "Adolescent violence towards parents—Prevalence and characteristics using Australian Police Data." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 52, no. 2 (June 5, 2018): 231–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004865818781206.

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Adolescent violence toward parents is a unique form of family violence which for many, including police personnel, challenges traditional views of parent–child relationship, and raises questions about victimization. There has been minimal research in Australia to date in this area, and knowledge about both prevalence rates and the characteristics of offenders and victims remains limited. This exploratory study utilized police data from four Australian States to document prevalence rates of reported offenses to police, and the characteristics of adolescent violence toward parents in Australia. Between 1% and 7% of family violence reported to the police is adolescent violence toward parents. The “typical” perpetrator is a 15- to 17-year-old Caucasian young man who is generally violent toward his mother. Findings are limited by the differing police practice and policy variations between States, including the use of police discretion, leaving several questions open for further investigation. In conclusion, there is a need for change in policy and practice with regards how best to assess and respond to adolescent violence toward parents.
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Ainsworth, Frank, and John Berger. "Family Inclusive Child Protection Practice: The History of the Family Inclusion Network and Beyond." Children Australia 39, no. 2 (May 21, 2014): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2014.1.

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This article records briefly the history of the Family Inclusion Network as an organisation that promotes family inclusive child protection practice. Since its inception in Queensland in 2006, Family Inclusion Network organisations have been formed elsewhere and now exist in Western Australia, South Australia, Victoria, Tasmania, Australian Capital Territory and New South Wales. In 2010, developments at a national level saw the formation of the Family Inclusion Network Australia. Most organisations are incorporated and some have achieved charitable status. Each organisation endorses a common set of aims and objectives. There are, however, differences in terms of whether state or territory organisations accept government funding or not, are staffed by professionals or rely entirely on volunteer personnel, and have a capacity or otherwise to provide direct casework services to parents. Some state organisations focus on information and advice services, and legislative and policy reform efforts. All have telephone advice lines and a webpage presence. This article also focuses on a code of ethics for child protection practice and on the contribution parents can make to child protection services, and their rights to do so.
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Liddell, Max. "If having child-centred policy is the answer, what's the question?" Children Australia 35, no. 2 (2010): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200001036.

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This paper argues that having child-centred policy is not the straightforward matter it might seem. After presenting some historical snap-shots to demonstrate that children have frequently been the victims of policies aimed at addressing needs or perceived problems which are not child-centred, the author argues that contemporary policies frequently leave out significant variables, and the impact of culture is one of these. Focusing on the Australian-Asian region, the author notes the dominance of family and community over individual rights in many countries in our region. The likelihood is that family and children's services in Asian countries will conceptualise services to families and children in non-western ways, in spite of the fact that the principles underlying child protection which they espouse are frequently western in orientation (that is, they have a child's rights focus). Using these insights as a lens through which to look back at Australia, it is possible to see Australia as having ‘cultural’ traditions which also value family and community over the rights of children. It is argued in conclusion that future policy needs to take such realities more firmly into account, and given the increasing presence of and influence of cultures with a family-centred focus in Australia, greater attention also is needed to our international context.
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Hugo, Graeme. "Knocking at the Door: Asian Immigration to Australia." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 1, no. 1 (March 1992): 100–144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689200100105.

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This paper assesses the level and composition of contemporary Asian immigration to Australia and explores its processes and impacts. The final reversal of the White Australia Policy in the 1970s opened the door to substantial increases in Asian immigration, particularly from Vietnam, Malaysia, the Philippines, China, India and Hong Kong. Most migrants are entering through the family reunion, refugee and business migration categories. Vietnamese dominate both family reunion and refugee categories, but the recent prominence among family migrants of Filipino wives and fiancees of Australian men is drawing attention and controversy. Asian migrants tend to be young and female, but there are also great variations in their economic and social adaptations to Australia. Discrimination, exploitation and unemployment are among the problems faced by some Asian groups.
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Snow, Dianne. "Family Policy and Orphan Schools in Early Colonial Australia." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 22, no. 2 (1991): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/205868.

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Mitchell, Barbara. "Mulitigenerational family living: evidence and policy implications from Australia." Housing Studies 34, no. 8 (August 12, 2019): 1374–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02673037.2019.1647994.

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Tran, Van H., Sarah Verdon, Sharynne McLeod, and Cen Wang. "Family Language Policies of Vietnamese–Australian Families." Journal of Child Science 12, no. 01 (January 2022): e67-e78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0042-1743490.

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AbstractThis study aimed to investigate reported family language policies (quy tắc sử dụng ngôn ngữ cho gia đình) and language maintenance practices among Vietnamese–Australian parents. This mixed-methods study collected 151 Vietnamese–Australian parents' responses to close- and open-ended questions within an online questionnaire that was available both in English and Vietnamese. Bivariate analyses and logistic regression were conducted to explore associations between family language policies and factors related to demographics and Spolsky's language policy theory. Content analysis was undertaken in NVivo to investigate family language policies. One-third of the participants (35.6%) reported to have a family language policy and 72.5% of those with a policy indicated that they consistently implemented their policy. Significant factors associated with having a family language policy were parents' higher Vietnamese proficiency, more Vietnamese language use with their children, and intention of future residence in Vietnam. The four identified language policies were as follows: (1) using Vietnamese with the nuclear family (FLP1), (2) Vietnamese outside the nuclear family (FLP2), (3) English at home (FLP3), and (4) English outside the home (FLP4). Some families used more than one of these concurrently. This is one of the first large-scale mixed-method studies to explore family language policies, and the first to explore this issue with Vietnamese-speaking families in Australia. Many Vietnamese–Australian families do not explicitly have a family language policy aimed at maintaining Vietnamese at home; therefore, the Vietnamese–Australian community is at risk of a shift toward English language dominance and home language loss. As a result, the benefits of multilingualism within the Vietnamese–Australian community may be lost without support from the government and community to maintain their home language.
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Schmied, Virginia, Cathrine Fowler, Chris Rossiter, Caroline Homer, Sue Kruske, and The CHoRUS team. "Nature and frequency of services provided by child and family health nurses in Australia: results of a national survey." Australian Health Review 38, no. 2 (2014): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah13195.

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Objective Australia has a system of universal child and family health (CFH) nursing services providing primary health services from birth to school entry. Herein, we report on the findings of the first national survey of CFH nurses, including the ages and circumstances of children and families seen by CFH nurses and the nature and frequency of the services provided by these nurses across Australia. Methods A national survey of CFH nurses was conducted. Results In all, 1098 CFH nurses responded to the survey. Over 60% were engaged in delivering primary prevention services from a universal platform. Overall, 82.8% reported that their service made first contact with families within 2 weeks of birth, usually in the home (80.7%). The proportion of respondents providing regular support to families decreased as the child aged. Services were primarily health centre based, although 25% reported providing services in other locations (parks, preschools).The timing and location of first contact, the frequency of ongoing services and the composition of families seen by nurses varied across Australian jurisdictions. Nurses identified time constraints as the key barrier to the delivery of comprehensive services. Conclusions CFH nurses play an important role in supporting families across Australia. The impact of differences in the CFH nursing provision across Australia requires further investigation. What is known about the topic? Countries that offer universal well child health services demonstrate better child health and developmental outcomes than countries that do not. Australian jurisdictions offer free, universal child and family health (CFH) nursing services from birth to school entry. What does this paper add? This paper provides nation-wide data on the nature of work undertaken by CFH nurses offering universal care. Across Australia, there are differences in the timing and location of first contact, the frequency of ongoing services and the range of families seen by nurses. What are the implications for practitioners? The impact for families of the variation in CFH nursing services offered across Australia is not known. Further research is required to investigate the outcomes of the service provision variations identified in the present study.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Family policy Australia"

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Jarrett, Stephanie Therese. ""We have left it in their hands" : a critical assessment of principles underlying legal and policy responses to aboriginal domestic violence ; a location study /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phj373.pdf.

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Bonner, Suzanne M. "Fertility in Australia: The role of policy and the labour market." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/86665/1/Suzanne_Bonner_Thesis.pdf.

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One of the most discussed topics in labour and demographic studies, population ageing and stability, is closely related to fertility choices. This thesis explores recent developments in the fertility literature in the context of Australia. We investigate individual preferences for child bearing, the determinants of fertility decisions and the effectiveness of policies implemented by the government aimed at improving total fertility. The first study highlights the impact of monetary incentives on the decision to bear children in light of potentially differential responses across the native and immigrant population. The second study analyses the role of unemployment and job stability on the fertility choices of women. The final study examines whether the quality-quantity trade-off exists for Australian families and explores the impact of siblings on a child's health and educational outcomes.
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Wigman, Albertus. "Childhood and compulsory education in South Australia : a cultural-political analysis." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1989. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw659.pdf.

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Summers, Michael. "Great expectations : a policy case study of four case management programs in one organisation /." Connect to thesis, 2007. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/2182.

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Four different case management programs delivered by UnitingCare Community Options (UCCO) in the eastern suburbs of Melbourne were examined against the expectations of case management as a policy solution to a range of perceived policy problems at the micro-, meso- and macro-levels. The micro-level expectations were related to client and family experiences of the service system and outcomes. At the meso-level expectations were focused on perceived service delivery problems such as poor matching of services to the needs of ‘complex’ clients including a lack of integration, flexibility and responsiveness to clients’ needs and preferences. Perceived macro-level policy problems were concerned with a variety of issues including increasing rates of institutionalisation, increasing costs to governments, lack of economic efficiency and the desire to create market or quasi-market conditions in the community care service delivery sector. (For complete abstract open document)
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Poerio, Loretta. "An evaluation of police training in handling domestic violence situations." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PM/09pmp745.pdf.

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Ramsay, Janet. "The making of domestic violence policy by the Australian Commonwealth Government and the Government of the State of New South Wales between 1970 and 1985 an analytical narrative of feminist policy activism /." Connect to full text, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/724.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2005.
Title from title screen (viewed 21 May 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Discipline of Government and International Relations, Faculty of Arts. Degree awarded 2005; thesis submitted 2004. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
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Babidge, Sally. "Family affairs an historical anthropology of state practice and Aboriginal agency in a rural town, North Queensland /." Click here for electronic access to document: http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/942, 2004. http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/942.

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Thesis (Ph.D.) - James Cook University, 2004.
Thesis submitted by Sally Marie Babidge, BA (Hons) UWA June 2004, for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the School of Anthropology, Archaeology and Sociology, James Cook University. Bibliography: leaves 283-303.
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Donaghey, Bronwyn. "Regulating the biological family : policy, genetics, discourse, and diminishing ’other’ bodies." 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/57101.

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Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University of Adelaide Library.
This thesis identifies and elaborates on the way in which notions of genetic inheritance connect with notions of ’proper’ families and hence shape policies concerning reproduction and family formation. Assumptions about the structure and shape of the ’proper’ or ’traditional’ family - as a heterosexual two-parent unit with biological children - and its claim to naturalness, are embedded in policies related to reproductive technologies and family formation. The thesis explores the discourses surrounding the following specific policies - surrogacy, IVF, adoption, abortion, child support and posthumous reproduction - to elucidate the frameworks of meaning within which we understand these issues.
http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1295254
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of History and Politics, 2006
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Donaghey, Bronwyn. "Regulating the biological family : policy, genetics, discourse, and diminishing ’other’ bodies." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/57101.

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This thesis identifies and elaborates on the way in which notions of genetic inheritance connect with notions of ’proper’ families and hence shape policies concerning reproduction and family formation. Assumptions about the structure and shape of the ’proper’ or ’traditional’ family - as a heterosexual two-parent unit with biological children - and its claim to naturalness, are embedded in policies related to reproductive technologies and family formation. The thesis explores the discourses surrounding the following specific policies - surrogacy, IVF, adoption, abortion, child support and posthumous reproduction - to elucidate the frameworks of meaning within which we understand these issues.
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of History and Politics, 2006
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Deng, Santino Atem. "Fitting the Jigsaw: South Sudanese Family Dynamics and Parenting Practices in Australia." Thesis, 2016. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/33260/.

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This study examines South Sudanese-Australian parenting practices in the resettlement context from the perspective of both parents and youth. It locates their experiences in the cultures, which inform their parenting, in the changes in their families, and in the challenges they face because of these changes. This thesis has created opportunities for South Sudanese participants to narrate their stories and perspectives, which are essential in exploring cultural changes in societies with strong oral communication traditions. The study seeks to develop a nuanced understanding of South Sudanese experiences of parenting and being parented in South Sudan, and how these differ to their parenting practices in Australia. Through increased cross-cultural knowledge, awareness and understanding, policymakers and service providers can offer improved family support.
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Books on the topic "Family policy Australia"

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D'Abbs, Peter. Who helps?: Support networks and social policy in Australia. Melbourne, Australia: Australian Institute of Family Studies, 1991.

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Australia, Western. Creating connections, 2000-2005: A five year plan for families and children in Western Australia. West Perth, WA: Family & Children's Policy Office, 2000.

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Aboriginal family and the state: The conditions of history. Burlington, Vt: Ashgate Pub. Company, 2010.

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Joe, Hudson, Morris Allison 1945-, Maxwell Gabrielle M, and Galaway Burt, eds. Family group conferences: Perspectives on policy & practice. Annandale, NSW: Federation Press, 1996.

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Australia, Western Australia Task Force on Families in Western. Looking at families: A profile and discussion on families in Western Australia : interim report. [Western Australia]: Dept. for Community Development, 1994.

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Robertson, Mary. Family day care in Australia: With comparisons to family day care in England, Sweden, and Denmark : report, February, 1984. Black Rock, Vic: Creswick Foundation, 1985.

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Levi, Margaret. Women in "the working man's paradise": Sole parents, the women's movement, and the social policy bargain in Australia. Canberra, ACT, Australia: Administration, Compliance & Governability Program, Research School of Social Sciences, Australian National University, 1991.

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A rape of the soul so profound: The return of the stolen generations. St. Leonards, NSW: Allen & Unwin, 1999.

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Governments and marriage education policy: Perspectives from the UK, Australia and the US. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008.

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Taskforce, International Year for the Eradication of Poverty (1996). Community choices - individual lives: A report to the Government of Western Australia through the Minister for Family and Children's Services. West Perth, W.A: The Taskforce, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Family policy Australia"

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Reddel, Tim, Kelly Hand, and Lutfun Nahar Lata. "Influencing Social Policy on Families through Research in Australia." In Family Dynamics over the Life Course, 297–312. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12224-8_14.

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AbstractThere is an emerging academic and public policy discourse about better research engagement, impact and policy translation. In this chapter we examine the place of research in making ‘real world’ impact on the social policies and practices affecting Australian families, especially the transmission of (dis)advantage over the life course and across generations. We begin by briefly reflecting on the influence of ‘policy research’ in shaping Australia’s early social development through the 1907 Basic Wage Case by Justice Higgins (The Harvester judgement), which placed the intersection of work and family life at the centre of economic and social policy debates. While historical, these reforms laid the foundations for what can be seen as tentative life course social policy frameworks engaged in the dynamics of family life from birth to death, changing family structures, and increasing economic and gender inequality. We then examine selected historical and contemporary social policy episodes consistent with the book’s central themes where research from academia, the public sector and civil society has been impactful in key national and state-based policy systems such as social security, balancing work and family, child care, addressing gender inequality and support for vulnerable and complex families.
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McDonald, Peter. "The Evolution of Population and Family Policy in Australia." In Low and Lower Fertility, 143–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21482-5_8.

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White, Linda A. "Do International Organizations Influence Domestic Policy Outcomes in OECD Countries?" In The Palgrave Handbook of Family Policy, 69–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-54618-2_4.

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AbstractThis chapter examines to what extent policy ideas and norms promoted at the transnational and international level around gender and family policy are influential at the domestic policy level in OECD countries. Existing research demonstrates a mixed record in terms of transnational and international non-state actors’ influence on domestic policy in the Global North. This chapter argues that international norms are diffusing to domestic policy actors and processes rather unevenly. While international organizations (IOs) and transnational advocates can facilitate the spread of ideas of best practices around gender equality in general and family policy in particular, for liberal welfare states (Australia, Canada, New Zealand, UK, USA), IOs are still less authoritative than the national level when it comes to on-the-ground policymaking.
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Lee, Rennie, and Sin Yi Cheung. "Refugee Children in Australia: Wellbeing and Integration." In Family Dynamics over the Life Course, 71–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12224-8_5.

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AbstractWhether the children of immigrant populations, including refugees, integrate into the host society is a key challenge facing all countries with large immigrant populations. In Australia, this is crucial given rising numbers and anxieties over refugee settlement in recent decades. Forced migration and displacement due to violence, persecution, or natural disasters with families undertaking perilous journeys fleeing their homes often could mean a turning point and at the same time a stressful event that may have severe negative psychosocial and long-term effects. This can be particularly acute among refugee children, who are typically the least prepared to migrate, have experienced hardship associated with violence and persecution, and must grow up in a new country. From a life course perspective, the integration and wellbeing of refugee children is shaped by the timing and context of migration, including their age at migration and country of origin. In this chapter we draw on longitudinal data from Building a New Life in Australia (BNLA) to offer new evidence in our understanding of the integration and wellbeing of refugee children in Australia and policy recommendations to address the social disadvantages facing this population. Our findings indicate that refugee children are outperforming their parents, making intergenerational progress. However, we find some major differences by gender and national origin across a range of outcomes.
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Ward, Harriet, Lynne Moggach, Susan Tregeagle, and Helen Trivedi. "Conclusion: Implications for Policy and Practice." In Outcomes of Open Adoption from Care, 267–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76429-6_9.

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AbstractThe book focuses on a study of 210 children in out-of-home care in Australia who were adopted over a 30-year period; 93 were traced for an average of 18 years after placement. The requirement for regular face-to-face contact with birth parents was considered beneficial by 69% of participants. Other findings show the adoptees’ extreme vulnerability, improved stability post adoption and the importance of adoptive parents’ commitment in facilitating positive outcomes. They also imply that child protection policy should focus on strengthening family support and more timely decision-making when parents cannot overcome their difficulties. Policy for children in long-term foster care should focus on reducing instability, increasing the quality of care and providing better care leaving support. Internationally, adoption policy needs to reflect the increased similarities between adoption and fostering engendered by open adoption from care, and acknowledge their implications for recruitment, training, contact arrangements and post-adoption support.
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Borgkvist, Ashlee. "‘It Would Be Silly to Stop Now and Go Part-Time’: Fathers and Flexible Working Arrangements in Australia." In Engaged Fatherhood for Men, Families and Gender Equality, 231–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75645-1_13.

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AbstractExpectations of fathering have changed over the past few decades, and it appears fathers are increasingly participating in care activities. Despite this, the capacity for Australian men to participate in child rearing is impeded by limitations around flexible working arrangements. The link between fathering, masculinity, paid work, and the persistent expectation that fathers will be the financial providers within the family unit is examined in this chapter. The influence of this gendered expectation on Australian policy development is briefly discussed, and some recommendations provided for policy makers, organizations, and fathers.
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Mitchell, Deborah. "Family policy." In New Developments in Australian Politics, 180–95. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-15192-9_10.

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Moutselos, Michalis, and Georgia Mavrodi. "Diaspora Policies, Consular Services and Social Protection for Greek Citizens Abroad." In IMISCOE Research Series, 227–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51245-3_13.

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Abstract The policies of the Greek state vis-à-vis Greek citizens residing abroad are better developed in some areas (pension, cultural/education policy), but very embryonic in others (social protection, family-related benefits). The institutions representing and aggregating the interests of the Greek diaspora, such as the General Secretariat for Greeks Abroad and the World Council of Hellenes abroad of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, reflect earlier periods of Greek migration during the post-war period, but meet less adequately the needs of recent migrants, especially following the post-2010 Greek economic crisis. At the same time, political parties continue to play an active role in the relationship between diaspora and the homeland. The policies of the Greek state, especially when exercised informally or with regard to cultural and educational programs, are also characterized by an emphasis on blood, language and religious ties, and are offshoots of a long-standing history of migration to Western Europe, North America and Australia. Possible developments, such as the long-overdue implementation of the right to vote from abroad, an official registrar for Greek citizens residing abroad, new programs of social protection in Greece and new economic incentives for return might change the diaspora policies of the Greek state in the next decades.
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Broadway, Barbara, and Guyonne Kalb. "Labour Market Participation: Family and Work Challenges across the Life Course." In Family Dynamics over the Life Course, 177–200. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12224-8_9.

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AbstractHaving a job is an important indicator of economic and social wellbeing, and two-earner families are becoming the norm rather than the exception. As a result, many more women, including mothers, are in the labour force now than ever before. Balancing family and work responsibilities therefore becomes ever more important, not just for women but also men who are sharing the caring load with their partners, especially when young pre-school children are present. However, employment is not equally distributed across families, and some families have noone in a job which leads to financial vulnerability. Even one-earner families that depend on a low-skilled, low-wage earner may struggle to get by and provide their children with the opportunities to succeed in life and achieve mental, physical and financial wellbeing. This may lead to the intergenerational transmission of disadvantage and poor outcomes from parents to children. Gender inequality and ongoing inequalities relating to gender divisions in work and family may lead to women being particularly vulnerable in terms of earnings capacity and retirement savings when a relationship ends. One-parent families are specifically at risk as they often have no partner with whom to share the care-taking role, making work-family balance difficult to achieve. In this chapter we review the Australian evidence on these issues and provide policy implications.
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Tomaszewski, Wojtek, Francisco Perales, Ning Xiang, and Matthias Kubler. "Differences in Higher Education Access, Participation and Outcomes by Socioeconomic Background: A Life Course Perspective." In Family Dynamics over the Life Course, 133–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-12224-8_7.

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AbstractThe intergenerational transmission of socio-economic status is driven to a significant extent through parents with higher socio-economic status providing advantages to their children as they move through the education system. At the same time, attainment of higher education credentials constitutes an important pathway for upwards social mobility among individuals from low socio-economic family backgrounds. Given the critical importance of higher education for socio-economic outcomes of children, this chapter focuses on young people’s journeys into and out of university. Drawing on the life course approach and opportunity pluralism theory, we present a conceptual model of the university student life cycle that splits individuals’ higher education trajectories into three distinct stages: access, participation and post-participation. Using this model as a guiding framework, we present a body of recent Australian evidence on differences in pathways through the higher education system among individuals from low and high socio-economic status (SES) backgrounds. In doing so, we pay attention to factors such as family material circumstances, students’ school experiences and post-school plans, and parental education and expectations—all of which constitute important barriers to access, participation and successful transitions out of higher education for low SES students. Overall, our results indicate that socio-economic background plays a significant role in shaping outcomes at various points of individual’s educational trajectories. This is manifested by lower chances amongst low-SES individuals to access and participate in higher education, and to find satisfying and secure employment post-graduation. Our findings bear important implications for educational and social policy.
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Reports on the topic "Family policy Australia"

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Ossoff, Will, Naz Modirzadeh, and Dustin Lewis. Preparing for a Twenty-Four-Month Sprint: A Primer for Prospective and New Elected Members of the United Nations Security Council. Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54813/tzle1195.

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Under the United Nations Charter, the U.N. Security Council has several important functions and powers, not least with regard to taking binding actions to maintain international peace and security. The ten elected members have the opportunity to influence this area and others during their two-year terms on the Council. In this paper, we aim to illustrate some of these opportunities, identify potential guidance from prior elected members’ experiences, and outline the key procedures that incoming elected members should be aware of as they prepare to join the Council. In doing so, we seek in part to summarize the current state of scholarship and policy analysis in an effort to make this material more accessible to States and, particularly, to States’ legal advisers. We drafted this paper with a view towards States that have been elected and are preparing to join the Council, as well as for those States that are considering bidding for a seat on the Council. As a starting point, it may be warranted to dedicate resources for personnel at home in the capital and at the Mission in New York to become deeply familiar with the language, structure, and content of the relevant provisions of the U.N. Charter. That is because it is through those provisions that Council members engage in the diverse forms of political contestation and cooperation at the center of the Council’s work. In both the Charter itself and the Council’s practices and procedures, there are structural impediments that may hinder the influence of elected members on the Security Council. These include the permanent members’ veto power over decisions on matters not characterized as procedural and the short preparation time for newly elected members. Nevertheless, elected members have found creative ways to have an impact. Many of the Council’s “procedures” — such as the “penholder” system for drafting resolutions — are informal practices that can be navigated by resourceful and well-prepared elected members. Mechanisms through which elected members can exert influence include the following: Drafting resolutions; Drafting Presidential Statements, which might serve as a prelude to future resolutions; Drafting Notes by the President, which can be used, among other things, to change Council working methods; Chairing subsidiary bodies, such as sanctions committees; Chairing the Presidency; Introducing new substantive topics onto the Council’s agenda; and Undertaking “Arria-formula” meetings, which allow for broader participation from outside the Council. Case studies help illustrate the types and degrees of impact that elected members can have through their own initiative. Examples include the following undertakings: Canada’s emphasis in 1999–2000 on civilian protection, which led to numerous resolutions and the establishment of civilian protection as a topic on which the Council remains “seized” and continues to have regular debates; Belgium’s effort in 2007 to clarify the Council’s strategy around addressing natural resources and armed conflict, which resulted in a Presidential Statement; Australia’s efforts in 2014 resulting in the placing of the North Korean human rights situation on the Council’s agenda for the first time; and Brazil’s “Responsibility while Protecting” 2011 concept note, which helped shape debate around the Responsibility to Protect concept. Elected members have also influenced Council processes by working together in diverse coalitions. Examples include the following instances: Egypt, Japan, New Zealand, Spain, and Uruguay drafted a resolution that was adopted in 2016 on the protection of health-care workers in armed conflict; Cote d’Ivoire, Kuwait, the Netherlands, and Sweden drafted a resolution that was adopted in 2018 condemning the use of famine as an instrument of warfare; Malaysia, New Zealand, Senegal, and Venezuela tabled a 2016 resolution, which was ultimately adopted, condemning Israeli settlements in Palestinian territory; and A group of successive elected members helped reform the process around the imposition of sanctions against al-Qaeda and associated entities (later including the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant), including by establishing an Ombudsperson. Past elected members’ experiences may offer some specific pieces of guidance for new members preparing to take their seats on the Council. For example, prospective, new, and current members might seek to take the following measures: Increase the size of and support for the staff of the Mission to the U.N., both in New York and in home capitals; Deploy high-level officials to help gain support for initiatives; Partner with members of the P5 who are the informal “penholder” on certain topics, as this may offer more opportunities to draft resolutions; Build support for initiatives from U.N. Member States that do not currently sit on the Council; and Leave enough time to see initiatives through to completion and continue to follow up after leaving the Council.
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