Journal articles on the topic 'Family Planning Association of Victoria History'
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1
MORGAN, SIMON. "John Deakin Heaton and the ‘elusive civic pride of the Victorian middle class’." Urban History 45, no. 4 (November 21, 2017): 595–615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s096392681700058x.
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ABSTRACT:Civic pride is rarely studied at the individual level. The journals of Dr John Deakin Heaton provide a unique insight into the motivations of a man linked to many institutions and civic sites of Leeds, celebrated by historians as a progenitor of its famous town hall and the city's first university. This article uses those journals to investigate the matrix of family honour, Anglicanism and professional identity, tempered by self-interest, underpinning Heaton's desire to improve his native town. Its conclusions further justify the recent historiographical emphasis on associational culture and ritual in the study of urban governance.
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Giloi, Eva. "Copyrighting the Kaiser: Publicity, Piracy, and the Right to Wilhelm II's Image." Central European History 45, no. 3 (September 2012): 407–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008938912000349.
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In 1900, theEncyclopedia Britannicarequested an original, previously unpublished portrait from Kaiser Wilhelm II for its forthcoming edition. The German emperor denied the request, instead advising the British publishers to find an existing photograph on the open market. A few years later, when a Berlin-based association for hunting dogs needed a cover shot for its journal, the Kaiser gladly sat for the picture. From a twenty-first-century perspective, Wilhelm's choice seems a bizarre case of misplaced priorities: the Kaiser took care to position himself among the hounds, but left his encyclopedia image in the hands of foreign publishers. Was this gaffe an example of what Wilhelm II's grandson, Louis Ferdinand, later criticized as the Kaiser's “deficient” sense of public relations, his feeling that “the imperial family stands high above the need to worry about publicity”? In England, mused the royal heir, “publicity is taken much more seriously”—after all, as early as the 1860s, Queen Victoria had courted public support by publishing her family portraits and private diaries.
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SZUHAN, NATASHA. "Sex in the laboratory: the Family Planning Association and contraceptive science in Britain, 1929–1959." British Journal for the History of Science 51, no. 3 (June 28, 2018): 487–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007087418000481.
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AbstractScientific and medical contraceptive standards are commonly believed to have begun with the advent of the oral contraceptive pill in the late 1950s. This article explains that in Britain contraceptive standards were imagined and implemented at least two decades earlier by the Family Planning Association, which sought to legitimize contraceptive methods, practice and provision through the foundation of the field of contraceptive science. This article charts the origins of the field, investigating the three methods the association devised and employed to achieve its goal of effecting contraceptive regulation. This was through the development of standardized methods to assess spermicidal efficacy; the establishment of quality, strength and manufacturing standards for rubber prophylactics; and the institution of animal trials to ensure the safety of specific contraceptives. The association publicized the results of its scientific testing on proprietary contraceptives in its annual Approved List of contraceptives. This provided doctors and chemists with a definitive register of safe and effective methods to prescribe.
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Rusterholz, Caroline. "English Women Doctors, Contraception and Family Planning in Transnational Perspective (1930s–70s)." Medical History 63, no. 2 (March 26, 2019): 153–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2019.3.
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This paper explores the influence of English female doctors on the creation of the International Planned Parenthood Federation (IPPF) and the production and circulation of contraceptive knowledge in England and, to a lesser extent in France, between 1930 and 1970. By drawing on the writings of female doctors and proceedings of international conferences as well as the archives of the British Medical Women’s Federation (MWF) and Family Planning Association (FPA), on the one hand, andMouvement Français pour le Planning Familial(MFPF), on the other, this paper explores the agency of English female doctors at the national and transnational level. I recover their pioneering work and argue that they were pivotal in legitimising family planning within medical circles. I then turn to their influence on French doctors after World War II. Not only were English medical women active and experienced agents in the family planning movement in England; they also represented a conduit of information and training crucial for French doctors. Transfer of knowledge across the channel was thus a decisive tool for implementing family planning services in France.
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Pella Todungbua', Prima Derry, Ratnasari Dwi Cahyanti, and Supriyadi Hari Respati. "Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Penerimaan Alat Kontrasepsi Dalam Rahim Pascasalin di Samarinda." Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi 7, no. 2 (November 10, 2020): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jkr.56939.
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Background: Maternal mortality rate (MMR) in Indonesia is 305 per 100.000 live births. The intervention to suppress MMR according to four pillars of Safe Motherhood is reducing the possibility of woman becoming pregnant with Family Planning. The postpartum period is an important time to start, but underutilized. All contraceptive methods may be used, but the high rate of drop-out in non-long-term methods, counselling is directed to long-term methods like IUD.Objective: To determine factor that related postpartum IUD acceptance in Samarinda.Method: The research method is observational with cross sectional design. Sampling is done by purposive sampling. Data were obtained through questionnaire.Result: There was no significant association between age (p=0.438), parity (RR=0.7; p=0.077), education (RR=1.11; p=0.611), and income (RR=0.69; p=0.105) with acceptance of postpartum IUD. Employment (RR=1.64; p=0.025), history of family planning counselling (RR=3.37; p<0.001), and husband's approval (RR=28.8; p=<0.001) have significant association with the acceptance of postpartum IUD.Conclusion: Age, parity, education, and income are not related factors of postpartum IUD acceptance, while employment, husband's approval, and history of family planning counselling are related factors of postpartum IUD acceptance in Samarinda.Keywords: Postpartum IUD, family planning counselling, husband's approval.
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Beers, Laura. "Both Feminist and Practical Politics: The Incorporation of Infertility Treatment into Family Planning in Britain, 1930s–1950s." Journal of British Studies 60, no. 3 (May 20, 2021): 563–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2021.57.
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AbstractIn the mid-twentieth century, the Family Planning Association emerged in Britain as one of the largest providers of infertility diagnosis for men and women. In the early years of the century, women were coming to birth control centers seeking cures for their childlessness, well before those centers began officially offering infertility investigation and treatment. What changed by mid-century was the emergence of a determination not only to welcome infertility patients at birth control clinics but to establish the clinics as centers for infertility research and care. Beginning in the late 1930s, eugenicists concerned with the impact of population decline on the social acceptability of birth control formed an alliance with feminist medical professionals determined both to empower women in involuntarily childless marriages to understand and address the causes of their infertility and to shift the paradigm of infertility treatment away from its over-focus on the female body. This political marriage of convenience gave birth to a large-scale movement to diagnose both male and female infertility through the auspices of the Family Planning Association. The organization's infertility program, in turn, spurred the development of infertility as a field of medical research in postwar Britain and encouraged the expansion of National Health Service provision of infertility care.
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Abebe, Ayele Mamo, Mesfin Wudu Kassaw, and Nathan Estifanos Shewangashaw. "Postabortion Contraception Acceptance and Associated Factors in Dessie Health Center and Marie Stopes International Clinics, South Wollo Northeast, Amhara Region, 2017." International Journal of Reproductive Medicine 2019 (August 19, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1327351.
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Introduction. Abortion is termination of pregnancy before the viability of the pregnancy. It is one of the major causes for maternal mortality in the world and in Ethiopia. Unintended pregnancies which end up in abortion occur due to contraception method nonuse or misuse. To limit unintended pregnancies and avoid repeated abortions promoting immediate postabortion contraception is crucial. Objective. To assess the proportion of postabortion contraception acceptance among women who got abortion care service and factors associated with it in Marie stopes international clinic and Dessie health center, Dessie, North eastern Amhara, 2017. Methods. An institutional based cross-sectional study design was conducted from May 1 to May 30, 2017, at Marie stopes international clinics and Dessie health center. A sample of 125 women were selected by means of systematic sampling techniques and 118 abortion clients were interviewed in Marie stopes international clinic and Dessie on the use/acceptance of postabortion family planning (PAFP). Data were collected through pretested structured questionnaire. Data was cleaned and checked. Chi-square test was done to assess the association between dependent and independent variables. Odds ratio was done to assess the strength of association. Frequency tables, pie chart, and graphs were used to present the finding of the study. Results. From a total of 125 participants recruited, 118 participated in the study while 7 were unwilling to participate in the study, yielding the response rate of 94.4%. Among the 118 study participants, 79 (66.9%) were within the age group 25-34. This study found a strong positive association between Postabortion contraception acceptance and age [P = 0.007 [X2 test= 9.989, COR=2.625)]. Study subjects aged 15–24 years were 3 times more likely to accept postabortion family planning as compared with those aged >35 years. Conclusion and Recommendation. This study revealed that the acceptance of postabortion family planning method was 84%. Age of women, marital status, ever use of history family planning, involvement of others in decision making, and family planning counseling were significantly associated with postabortion family planning acceptance. Therefore it is better to give emphasis on health education about family planning.
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Mulatu, Teshale, Yitagesu Sintayehu, Yadeta Dessie, and Merga Deressa. "Modern Family Planning Utilization and Its Associated Factors among Currently Married Women in Rural Eastern Ethiopia: A Community-Based Study." BioMed Research International 2020 (December 29, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6096280.
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Background. The use of modern family planning methods among women of reproductive age (15-49 years) is of public health importance in Ethiopia. Nationally, modern family planning method use remains as low as 35%. Understanding factors associated with the use of modern family planning methods may help to improve maternal and child health. Hence, this study is aimed at assessing modern family planning method use and its determinants among women of reproductive age in the rural districts of Eastern Hararghe zone, Eastern Ethiopia. Methodology. A community-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted among 577 randomly selected, currently married, reproductive-aged women in selected rural districts of Eastern Hararghe, Eastern Ethiopia. Data were collected using a pretested, interviewer-administered questionnaire about women’s sociodemographic information, knowledge about contraception, reproductive history, contraceptive use and fertility desire, couple’s communication, and decision-making on family planning. Binary and multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the association between the dependent and independent variables. Result. A total of 555 study participants participated, yielding a 96.2% response rate. The overall modern family planning utilization among the study participants was 18.4%. Knowledge of modern family planning methods ( AOR = 16.958 , CI: 4.768, 60.316), husband approval ( AOR = 3.590 , CI: 2.170, 5.936), couple’s discussion ( AOR = 2.852 , CI: 1.759, 4.623), male involvement in decisions about family planning ( AOR = 2.340 , CI: 1.531, 3.576), desire for additional child ( AOR = 2.295 , CI: 1.528, 3.447), and previous use of contraception ( AOR = 0.018 , CI: 0.005, 0.063) were significantly associated with modern contraceptive utilization. Conclusion. Even though knowledge of modern family planning methods was very high, the overall modern family planning method use in the study area was low. The government should focus on increasing modern family planning method availability. It must also ensure family planning method security and create awareness on modern family planning methods through community-based education and proper counselling to empower women to make an appropriate choice.
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Gurung, Nirsuba, and Sakun Singh. "SEX PREFERENCE AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING ANTENATAL CLINIC IN A TEACHING HOSPITAL, POKHARA." Journal of Chitwan Medical College 10, no. 4 (December 16, 2020): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.54530/jcmc.206.
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Background: Nepal is basically having patriarchal societies where men are considered as a head of family and society. Gender discrimination is one of the major problems in the Nepalese society which adversely affects women health and development. So, the study aimed to find out sex preference among the pregnant women and how it affects reproductive behavior like use of family planning, abortion and fertility intension. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in Gynecology and Obstetrics outpatient department (OPD) of a Teaching Hospital in Pokhara. A total of 272 pregnant women were recruited through convenient sampling technique. Data collection was done by face to face interview. Data was entered in MS-Excel 2007 and analyzed in SPSS version-16. Chi-Square was used to find out the association between variables. Results: The mean age of the pregnant women were 25.51 years. Almost all the respondents were literate and 69(62.1%) of them were unemployed. More than half (57%) of the respondents had never used any method of family planning. Among 272 respondents 59(21.7%) of them had son preference which was significantly associated with age (p-value-0.028), educational level (p-value-0.000), and history of abortion (p-value-0.029). Conclusions: Despite of increasing education level of women still one third of the women had sex preferences. Sex preferences leads to decrease use of family planning, increased abortion rate and high parity which affects health of the women. It was observed that reproductive behavior is relatively affected by sex preferences.
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Lee (李健友), Kean Yew. "Still a Chinese Family Business?" Journal of Chinese Overseas 17, no. 2 (October 13, 2021): 399–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/17932548-12341450.
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Abstract Success in Chinese family business (CFB) does not automatically transfer from founder to the next generation. CFB in the first generation is situational and dependent on the previous history of the tacit knowledge required to sustain the business. CFB is known for its association with family alliances, habitual ownership practices and embedded networks. Consequently, a firm that has enjoyed success under its founder may not survive into the next generation. In this study, I identified exceptional CFB cases wherein firms successfully codified the tacit knowledge during the “generational change” phase. The findings shed some light on how CFB s in the Malaysian food industry evolved by innovating their products to fit a larger market. My contributions are as follow. First, this study qualitatively demonstrates an “edge” case not seen in the family business literature by leveraging on a uniquely diverse institutional environment (i.e. Malaysia). Specifically, this study suggests that CFB s evolved and emerged as globally competitive firms by codifying tacit knowledge. Second, I demonstrate that this process of transformative learning is central to innovation and competition within the context of succession planning for family business in general, not just CFB s.
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Taha, Hania M., Alexander N. Slade, Betty Schwartz, and Anna E. Arthur. "A Case–Control Study Examining the Association of Fiber, Fruit, and Vegetable Intake and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer in a Palestinian Population." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 12 (June 11, 2022): 7181. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127181.
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While there is an association between Western diets and the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC), this dietary association has remained unexplored in Palestine. The aim of this study was to examine how fiber and fruit and vegetable (FV) intakes are associated with CRC risk among Palestinian adults. We recruited 528 Palestinians between 2014 and 2016. We identified 118 patients who received CRC treatment at Augusta Victoria Hospital, East Jerusalem. We additionally identified 410 controls who consisted of community-based Palestinians without cancer. All participants completed a survey on demographics and a validated dietary intake food screener. Multivariable logistic regression models tested associations between fiber and FV intakes (categorized into quartiles) with CRC risk. After adjusting for significant covariates (age, sex, education, physical activity, smoking status, BMI, IBD, and family history of CRC), as fibers increased across increasing quartiles, the CRC risk significantly decreased (OR = 0.36, 95% CI: 0.15–0.86, p-trend = 0.02). After adjusting for age and sex, as FV intake increased, the CRC risk significantly decreased (OR = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.15–0.75, p-trend = 0.009). Consumption of fiber-rich foods was inversely associated with CRC risk. Understanding this relationship among Palestinians is essential in order to develop targeted, culturally relevant strategies that may potentially alleviate the burden of CRC.
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Chima, Victor, and Oluwatobi Abel Alawode. "Modern contraceptive use among female adolescents in rural Nigeria: Does exposure to family planning messages matter? A cross-sectional study." Gates Open Research 3 (March 1, 2019): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.12904.1.
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Background: The world currently has the highest number of adolescents in all of history. Africa is home to quite a number of them, with most of these adolescents in Africa live in rural areas where they are more disadvantaged and their reproductive decisions could have telling impacts on their lives, family planning (contraception) has been identified as important to avoid such impacts. Factors associated with the use of modern contraceptives among female adolescents have been extensively researched but the importance of mass media family planning messages on modern contraceptives use among female adolescents in rural Nigeria is under-researched, hence this study. Method: This paper uses the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) data with a weighted sample size (n=4473) to examine the association between exposure to family planning messages and use of modern contraceptives among female adolescents in rural Nigeria. Results: Findings indicated that exposure to family planning messages on radio and television were significantly associated with use, however, educational attainment and region of residence were other factors that influenced contraceptive use. Therefore, family planning messages through traditional media (radio and television) is associated with the use of modern contraceptives among female rural adolescents in Nigeria. Conclusion: The study concludes that family planning messages through mass media especially radio and televisions are associated with modern contraceptives use among rural adolescents. The continued use of mass media could create opportunities to achieve more results in family planning although the messages should be resident-specific and targeted to various cadres of people with consideration for the level of education to ensure efficiency of the message.
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Assari, Shervin, Babak Najand, Cleopatra Caldwell, and Ronald Mincy. "Family Income May Better Protect White Than Black American Youth Against Suicidality." Hospital Practices and Research 7, no. 2 (May 28, 2022): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.34172/hpr.2022.11.
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Background: High income is a protective factor against suicidality for children, youth, and adults, however, recent research has documented weaker health effects of high income for Black than White individuals, a pattern also called marginalization-related diminished returns (MDRs). Objectives: In this study, we tested racial variation in the association between high income and suicidality in a national sample of 9-10-year-old Black and White American children. Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, which included 7298 White or Black children between the ages of 9 and 10. Of all the participants, 5652 were White and 1646 were Black. The predictor variable was family income, treated as a continuous measure. Race was the moderator. The outcome variable was suicidality, treated as a dummy variable, reflecting any positive suicidal thoughts or behaviors endorsed over the lifecourse. Covariates included sex, age, family structure (parental marital status), parental education, trauma, history of depression, neighborhood poverty, and family conflict. Logistic regression was used for data analysis. Results: Overall, family income was inversely associated with children’s suicidality, net of all covariates. A statistically significant interaction was found between race and family income, suggesting that the inverse association between family income and suicidality is weaker in Black than White children. Conclusion: The observed weaker association between income and suicidality in Black than White children suggests that family income does not provide the same protection against suicidality for Black as White children. Due to racism, income and some other socioeconomic status indicators show weaker than expected health effects on Black families in the US.
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Borge, Jessica. "Bandwidth lost: family planners and post-war television." Corporate Communications: An International Journal 25, no. 4 (July 22, 2020): 655–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccij-11-2019-0139.
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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to show how early planned PR efforts at the British Family Planning Association [FPA] resulted in an epoch-making television appearance in November 1955, tessellating with current methodological debates in the history of PR.Design/methodology/approachThis paper uses a qualitative, micro-history approach and original archival document research conducted at Wellcome Collection, London and the BBC Written Archives Centre, Caversham, to reconstruct early PR activity at the FPA. It intercedes in debates on historiography, the diversification of the history of PR and the concepts of mediatization and advocacy in historical contexts.FindingsAttaining broadcast coverage for birth control issues was historically difficult and was made more so by Marie Stopes. The subject was commonly packaged into the less problematic issues of population and infertility. The FPA achieved explicit television coverage in 1955 after establishing a focussed PR plan to stage and exploit a silver jubilee event. This vindicated the FPA's mission, validated service users and created broadcast opportunities.Research limitations/implicationsResearch is limited by temporal scope (1870s–1950s), and reliance on document sources, footage of television programmes being unavailable. This paper has implications for the history of PR, contributing to the diversification of the field by suggesting an original approach to the intersection of public relations and social change.Originality/valueThis paper surfaces overlooked primary sources and is the first account of how birth control appeared as a topic on early British broadcast media.
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Chima, Victor, and Oluwatobi Abel Alawode. "Modern contraceptive use among female adolescents in rural Nigeria: Does exposure to family planning messages matter? A cross-sectional study." Gates Open Research 3 (June 20, 2019): 627. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.12904.2.
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Background: The world currently has the highest number of adolescents in all of history. Africa is home to quite a number of them, with most of these adolescents in Africa live in rural areas where they are more disadvantaged and their reproductive decisions could have telling impacts on their lives, family planning (contraception) has been identified as important to avoid such impacts. Factors associated with the use of modern contraceptives among female adolescents have been extensively researched but the importance of mass media family planning messages on modern contraceptives use among female adolescents in rural Nigeria is under-researched, hence this study. Method: This paper uses the 2013 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) data with a weighted sample size (n=4473) to examine the association between exposure to family planning messages and use of modern contraceptives among female adolescents in rural Nigeria. Results: Findings indicated that exposure to family planning messages on radio and television were significantly associated with modern contraceptive use, however, educational attainment and region of residence were other factors that influenced modern contraceptive use.. Conclusion: The study concludes that family planning messages through mass media especially radio and television are associated with modern contraceptives use among rural adolescents. The continued use of mass media would enhance opportunities to achieve more results, however, other interventions addressing education with objectives of closing the rural-urban socio-economic gap should be encouraged also, as these factors play critical roles in improving uptake of family planning among rural adolescents. Further, messages on modern contraceptive use should be sensitive to regional divides in terms of content and delivery.
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Li, Qian, Shangzhi Xu, Xi Chen, Xu Zhang, Xiating Li, Lixia Lin, Duan Gao, et al. "Folic Acid Supplement Use and Increased Risk of Gestational Hypertension." Hypertension 76, no. 1 (July 2020): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.14621.
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Current results regarding the effect of folic acid (FA) supplement use on gestational hypertension (GH) and preeclampsia are limited and inconsistent. We aimed to investigate whether FA supplement use was associated with GH and preeclampsia. Participants from the Tongji Maternal and Child Health Cohort with information on periconceptional FA supplement use and diagnosis of GH/preeclampsia were included (n=4853). Robust Poisson regression was used to assess the association of FA supplement use and GH and preeclampsia. Among the 4853 participants in this study, 1161 (23.9%) and 161 (3.3%) women were diagnosed with GH and preeclampsia, respectively. The risk ratio of developing GH was higher in women who used ≥800 µg/d FA supplement from prepregnancy through midpregnancy than nonusers (risk ratio, 1.33 [1.08–1.65]). After adjusting for social-demographic, reproductive, lifestyle factors, family history of hypertension, other supplement use, and gestational weight gain, the adverse association remained significant (risk ratio, 1.32 [1.06–1.64]). Restricting the analysis among women with normal weight, without family history of hypertension, and without gestational diabetes mellitus, the positive FA-GH association still existed. We did not find any significant association between FA supplement use and preeclampsia regardless of adjustment. High-dose (≥800 µg/d) FA supplement use from prepregnancy through midpregnancy was associated with increased risk of GH. Attention should be given to avoid the potential risk of GH due to inappropriate FA supplement use in women who are planning or capable of pregnancy.
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Alanazy, Mohammed H., Khalid A. Alghsoon, Abdulaziz F. Alkhodairi, Faisal K. Binkhonain, Turkey N. Alsehli, Feras F. Altukhaim, Ibrahim M. Alkhodair, and Taim Muayqil. "Public Willingness to Undergo Presymptomatic Genetic Testing for Alzheimer’s Disease." Neurology Research International 2019 (March 3, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2570513.
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Presymptomatic genetic testing (PGT) for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is available for at-risk individuals. This study aimed to investigate the public perception of PGT in Saudi Arabia and determine variables that might influence the decision to undergo PGT. A questionnaire link was posted on Twitter by the Saudi Alzheimer’s Disease Association and was made publicly available on social media networks. A total of 2935 people participated, of which 59.9% were willing to undergo PGT. Of these, 26.8% reported having a family history of AD, and 0.24% had two family members with early onset AD. The reasons cited for willingness to undergo PGT included the following: to adopt a healthier lifestyle, to ensure appropriate family and financial planning, to seek early treatment, and to relieve anxiety. In multiple logistic regression analysis, willingness to undergo PGT was negatively associated with having a self-reported family history of dementia (OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.68-0.96) and was positively associated with marital status (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.13-1.70). In conclusion, PGT for AD seems to be well accepted in this large Saudi cohort. The reasons cited are similar to those reported elsewhere in the literature.
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Tazneen, Jennyfer, Shaheda Hamid, and Mostafizur Rahman. "Unmet Need of Postpartum Contraceptives Use in Urban Slums." Journal of Preventive and Social Medicine 38, no. 2 (June 29, 2020): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jopsom.v38i2.47864.
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Background: Unwanted pregnancy is common in slum dwelling couples as they are less aware about postpartum contraceptive. Unmet need of postpartum contraceptive is also evident in slums.
Objective: This study aims to assess the unmet need of post-partum contraceptives used in urban slums.
Materials and Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study on fecund women in postpartum period (0 months to 24 month). A total of 162 postpartum women were face to face interviewed with a pretested semi structured questioner by using software SPSS- 20.
Place and period: The study was conducted in slum area of Jurain and Moghbazar in Dhaka city, during the period of January 2016 to December 2016.
Results: About 51.2% (83) of the respondents were in the age group of 22-26 years. Almost 53.1% (86) of the respondents were illiterate. 57.4% (93) of the respondents were housewife. 61.1% of the respondents gave history of monthly family income of 4200-5700 taka. Total unmet need of postpartum contraceptive period, among 162 respondents were 58% about 94 and met need 42% (68). Intention for contraceptives used, were 86% (81) among 94 respondents. Factors related with unmet need – All most 45.7% of the respondents were not used any contraceptives due to not approved by their husband among 94 respondents. Decision regarding family planning has given by husband 51.85% (84). There were significant association with education and unmet need of contraceptives use (p<0.05). Monthly family income was significant association with unmet need of contraceptives use (p<0.05).
Conclusions: Unmet need for family planning has been a major concern for international population since several decades. Present study indicated a high unmet need for postpartum contraception in the selected area of urban slums in Dhaka city, with a scope to decrease constraints and address user perspective to meet the contraception needs.Change in the attitude of the husband, family and society to accept equity and equality of women and men can positively lead women’s unmet need of family planning during postpartum periods.
JOPSOM 2019; 38(2): 46-52
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Roesch, Claudia. "Pro Familia and the reform of abortion laws in West Germany, 1967–1983." Journal of Modern European History 17, no. 3 (June 20, 2019): 297–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1611894419854659.
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This article investigates the role of the West German family planning association Pro Familia in the abortion reform of the 1960s and 1970s. It examines the question of legal abortion from the perspective of reproductive decision-making and asks who was to make a decision about having an abortion in the reform process—the woman, her doctor, or a counsellor. During the early reform suggestions of §218 in the 1960s, Pro Familia supported the West German solution of allowing legal abortion only in medical emergencies. Opinions within the organization changed as leading members witnessed legalization in Great Britain and New York. The feminist movement and the Catholic opposition to legal abortion influenced positions in the reform phase of the 1970s. Meanwhile, Pro Familia put emphasis on compulsory pregnancy crisis counselling as aid in decision-making for individual women and a tool for putting a decision into practice. Throughout the reform process, Pro Familia continued to perceive legal abortion not as way to enable women to make their own decision but as a pragmatic solution to emergencies.
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REIFF, JANICE L., and PHILIP J. ETHINGTON. "Introduction." Urban History 36, no. 02 (July 30, 2009): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963926809006245.
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The idea for this special issue, exploring the history of cities and urbanism within the emerging transnational paradigm, originated in a discussion among the members of the North American Editorial Board ofUrban Historyabout what it means for cities to be global. Veering in many directions, spanning multiple centuries and stretching into much of the world, the conversation touched on the movement of people and ideas, the relationship of urban areas with their hinterlands and with each other, the importance of given technologies and industries for particular forms of urban development, the critical role of politics – at all levels – in that development and the ongoing and evolving role of global capital on those cities. Using the global Internet, members of the North American Editorial Board located in Montreal (Michèle Dagenais), Rochester (Victoria Wolcott), Irvine (Jeffrey Wasserstrom), Philadelphia (Lynn Hollen Lees), Miami (Robin Bachin), Mexico City (Hira de Gortari Rabiela), Hamilton (Richard Harris), Los Angeles (Philip Ethington and Janice Reiff), Amherst (Max Page) and Ann Arbor (Matthew Lassiter) generated a plan to issue a global call for papers for the IXth International Conference of the European Association for Urban History in Lyon, France in August of 2008. Nine scholars from Canada, the United States, France and Mexico pre-circulated their papers for a special bilingual double-long session, co-chaired by Michèle Dagenais and Phil Ethington.
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El Shakry, Omnia. "BARREN LAND AND FECUND BODIES: THE EMERGENCE OF POPULATION DISCOURSE IN INTERWAR EGYPT." International Journal of Middle East Studies 37, no. 3 (July 22, 2005): 351–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743805052116.
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Between 1936 and 1939, the Egyptian Medical Association held a series of forums on birth control and the population problem; the first full-length book on Egypt's population problem was published; the first life tables for Egypt were calculated; a group of university professors organized under the rubric of the Happy Family Society to discuss the need for planned families; the first fatwa on birth control in the 20th century was issued by the mufti of Egypt, Shaykh Abd al-Majid Salim; and the Ministry of Social Affairs was created, part of its mandate being to study the population problem.
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Taha, Hania, Alexander Slade, Betty Schwartz, and Anna Arthur. "A Case-Control Study Examining the Association of Fiber Intake and the Risk of Colorectal Cancer in a Palestinian Population." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa044_054.
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Abstract Objectives Associations between diet and colorectal cancer (CRC) have not yet been examined in a population inhabiting the Palestinian territories, which are undergoing a nutrition transition. Understanding how diet may impact CRC risk among Palestinians is essential to developing targeted, culturally-relevant strategies that could alleviate the burden of this disease. The aim of this study was to examine how dietary fiber and fruit & vegetable (FV) intakes are associated with the risk of CRC among Palestinian adults recruited from a tertiary care facility in East Jerusalem. Methods This was a case-control study of 528 Palestinian men and women >18 years old who were recruited from Augusta Victoria Hospital (AVH) between 2014 and 2016. Cases included 118 patients who were treated for CRC at AVH. Controls included 410 individuals who consisted of a community-based sample of Palestinian individuals without cancer. All participants completed a survey regarding demographics, CRC-related risk factors, and a validated food screener to assess intakes of dietary fiber and FV. Multivariable logistic regression models tested associations between dietary fiber and FV intakes (categorized into quartiles) with the risk of CRC, adjusting for sex, diabetes, family history of CRC, and inflammatory bowel disease. Results After adjusting for covariates, as dietary fiber increased across quartiles of intake, the risk of CRC significantly decreased (OR for Q4 vs Q1 = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.12–0.58, p-trend = 0.0007). There was no significant association observed between FV intake and CRC risk. Conclusions Consumption of high dietary fiber was associated with lower CRC risk in this case-control study of a Palestinian population. The development and testing of culturally-relevant dietary interventions to promote increasing dietary fiber intake among Palestinians are needed, particularly interventions targeting those at high risk for developing CRC. Funding Sources USDA/NIFA Hatch Project 1,011,487 and a Pears Foundation Scholarship from the Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
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Jin, Fufen, Synnve Schjølberg, Patricia Eadie, Ragnhild Bang Nes, and Espen Røysamb. "Preschool Speech Intelligibility and 8-Year Literacy: A Moderated Mediation Analysis." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 63, no. 10 (October 16, 2020): 3380–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00394.
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Purpose The aims of this study were (a) to examine the relationship between speech intelligibility at the age of 5 years and literacy skills at the age of 8 years, (b) to explore the possible mediating or moderating role of broader language skills at 5 years in the relationship of interest, and (c) to assess whether the potential risk factors (child gender; maternal education levels; and family history of speech, language, reading, and writing difficulties) influence the relationship between speech intelligibility and literacy in terms of moderated mediation effects. Method We used mother-reported questionnaire data on 16,184 children participating in the population-based, prospective Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study as well as conducted linear regression analyses using the PROCESS macro in SPSS. In addition, logistic regression was conducted to make predictions about risk. Results The association between speech intelligibility at 5 years and literacy skills at 8 years was statistically significant (β = .168, p < .001). Children with speech problems at 5 years had a risk ratio of 2.38 (95% CI [2.10, 2.70]) and an odds ratio of 2.74 (95% CI [2.35, 3.19]), as compared to children without such problems. Broader language skills at 5 years partially mediated the relationship between speech intelligibility at 5 years and literacy at 8 years, and the effect of language skills appeared to be moderated by child gender, a family history of language difficulties, a family history of reading difficulties, and maternal education. Conclusions Severity of speech problems indexed by parent-reported speech intelligibility in preschool predicted school-age literacy problems. Broader language skills are a crucial mediating mechanism through which these problems are linked, and the mediated relationship is amplified by female gender, low maternal education, family history of language difficulties, and family history of reading difficulties. The findings call for increased use of a multiple-risk model when planning early interventions in children with unclear speech.
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Sikström, B., D. Hellberg, S. Nilsson, I. Kallings, and P. A. Mårdh. "Sexually Transmitted and Other Genital Infections in Women With Cervical Human Papillomavirus Infection." Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 3, no. 2 (1995): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1064744995000342.
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Objective:We investigated possible correlations between latent cervical human papillomavirus infection (CHPI) and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).Methods:Of 972 randomly selected women attending 2 family planning clinics and a youth clinic who had agreed to participate in a study concerning STDs, 66 (6.8%) had latent CHPI.Results:An association was found between latent CHPI on one hand and a history of genital chlamydial infection, gonorrhea, recurrent vaginal candidiasis, cervicitis, or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) on the other, while no correlation between latent CHPI and coexistent STDs was found. No correlation of latent CHPI to either current or past genital warts was noted. In multifactorial analyses, which included the lifetime number of sexual partners and age at first intercourse, we found that all significant associations except a history of gonorrhea vanished.Conclusions:In this study population, screening for other current STDs in women with latent CHPI would be of limited value.
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Kaltner, Melissa. "Re-referral for Complex Child Abuse and Neglect Concerns: The Influence of Family and Child Factors in a 25 Year Data Set." Children Australia 38, no. 1 (January 30, 2013): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2012.45.
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ObjectiveThe study reviewed a 25-year dataset of child abuse and neglect concerns, examining child and family factors associated with re-referral.MethodsSuspected child abuse and neglect data collated from a variety of sources including child protection, health, police and education by a multidisciplinary Suspected Child Abuse and Neglect team for the 25-year period of 1980 to 2005 was entered for analysis. Case referral criteria for the team included clinician perception of the case as being complex and necessitating multidisciplinary case planning. The dataset contained 6669 cases of child abuse and neglect concerns, relating to 5943 unique children.ResultsThe majority of children (90.5%) experienced only one referral to the team, with the remaining experiencing between 2–6 referrals. Through the utilisation of regression analysis, the factors of number of abuse types present at the initial concern, parental abuse as a child, parental intellectual disability, parental history of violence, perpetrator of intrafamilial origin, disabled children in family, and financial stress in family were found to significantly predict complex case re-referral respectively.ConclusionsChildren within this Australian sample of complex cases experienced rates of re-referral similar to those reported internationally. Family and child factors identified as predictors of re-referral in this 25-year dataset support previous international studies on statutory child protection re-referral, and evidence for the association between previously unstudied variables and re-referral likelihood for complex cases.
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Riyadh Al-Abodi, Hiba. "Association Between Trichomonas vaginalis and Other Pathogens." BOHR International Journal of Biocomputing and Nano Technology 1, no. 1 (2021): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.54646/bijbnt.007.
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There are many pathogens in the reproductive system in both women and men, which are largely responsible for the death of thousands of women as a result of incorrect diagnosis and failure to treat diseases of the reproductive system such as uterine cancer, ectopic pregnancy, acute and chronic infections of the uterus and Fallopian tubes, puerperal infections, and in the event that the patient survived death. These diseases have bad effects, including infertility, miscarriage, fetal death, birth of low-weight fetuses, fetal blindness, pneumonia, and mental retardation. These diseases are transmitted through the mucous membranes during vaginal, anal, or oral intercourse with a person who is infected or passed from mother to fetus. Wrong sexual behaviors also lead to the acquisition of genital infections. The incidence of reproductive system diseases in women is 50%, especially at an early age, compared to 25% for men, and affects them more severely. According to studies, two-thirds of cases of sexually transmitted diseases are obtained in their teens or twenties. There is limited access to health care for women infected with these diseases in developing countries, as health care is often provided in these countries through a range of services for individuals, family planning clinics, reproductive health centers, and public hospitals. However, in developing countries, untrained people provide treatment without accurate diagnosis of the disease, which increases the exacerbation of sexually transmitted diseases, whereas the situation is much better in developed countries.
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Alharbi, Muslet, Abdulelah Alqefari, Yasser Alhawday, Ali Alghammas, Almonther Hershan, Waleed Abdulmonem, and Manal Alsudais. "Association of menstrual and reproductive factors with thyroid cancer in Saudi female patients." Journal of Umm Al-Qura University for Medical Sciences 7, no. 2 (October 20, 2021): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.54940/ms81150310.
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Introduction: Thyroid cancer ranks the second highest cause of cancer among women in Saudi Arabia. Several risk factors have been reported as determinants of the onset of thyroid cancer. However, an association of menstrual and reproductive factors with thyroid cancer has not been completely explored in Saudi female patients with thyroid carcinoma. Objective: This study was designed to investigate an association of menstrual and reproductive factors with thyroid cancer in Saudi female patients. Methods: This is a case control study performed in Qassim University affiliated hospitals. The 90 Saudi females with thyroid cancer and 178 normal human controls of the same age groups were included. All participants were requested to complete a questionnaire based on their menstrual and reproductive history. Results: The analysis showed no statistically significant association between variables of mean age of menarche, current status of menopause, pattern of menstrual cycles, mean duration of menstrual cycle, mean age at first pregnancy, mean number of pregnancies, mean number of deliveries, mean number of live births, family planning methods used (intrauterine devices, used injectable and used oral contraceptives) and thyroid cancer. Conclusions: This is the first comprehensive study, to the best for our knowledge, from Qassim region of Saudi Arabia that demonstrates that menstrual and reproductive factors, have no significant association with the onset of thyroid cancer in Saudi females.
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Atnafu, Endalkachew, Biftu Geda, Lemessa Oljira, Genanaw Atnafe, Dawit Tamiru, Abdi Birhanu, Getahun Tiruye, Haregeweyn Kibret, and Adera Debella. "Postabortion Contraceptive Acceptance Rate and Its Determinants among Women Receiving Abortion Service before Discharge from the Health Facilities in Harar, Eastern Ethiopia." Obstetrics and Gynecology International 2022 (January 12, 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4050844.
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Background. Annually, around 121 million unintended pregnancies occur in the world and more than 73 million encountered abortion. Ethiopia is also losing 19.6% of mothers due to unsafe abortion. Despite that postabortion contraceptive service is a climactic entry point for the prevention of unwanted pregnancy and associated deaths, the service magnitude and determinants immediately before discharge are not characterized well in Ethiopia. Hence, this study aimed to assess the magnitude of postabortion contraceptive utilization and associated factors among women receiving abortion care service before being discharged from health facilities in Harar, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 390 women receiving abortion care services. At discharge, data about contraceptive acceptance and related maternal characteristics were collected. A binary logistic regression model was used to assess the association between independent and dependent variables (postabortion contraceptive utilization). Analysis was done with SPSS 22. Statistical significance was considered at P < 0.05 . Result. The overall prevalence of postabortion contraceptive utilization was 81.5% (95% CI: 77.9, 85.4). Being unmarried (AOR, 0.05; 95% CI (0.02, 0.16)), having no history of previous abortion (AOR, 0.11; 95% CI (0.04, 0.34)), being multigravida (AOR 8.1; 95% CI (2.20, 13.40), lacking desire to have an additional child (AOR, 6.3; 95% CI (2.65, 15.34), and history of family planning use (AOR, 17.20; 95% CI (6.5, 38.60)) were determinants of postabortion contraceptive utilization before being discharged from the health facilities. Conclusion. Postabortion contraceptive utilization in Harar health facilities still needs improvement as per the WHO and national recommendations. Therefore, the family planning provision strategies should be convincing and friendly, especially for unmarried mothers, and those who had no history of abortion should be counseled in friendly and systematically convincing schemes for enabling them to take the service before discharge from the health facility.
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Frade, Sasha, and Clifford Odimegwu. "What is the association between IPV and Fertility in Uganda?" Population Horizons 15, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 41–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pophzn-2018-0001.
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Abstract IPV, which emanates as a severe consequence of gender inequality in society, is the most pervasive form of IPV as most cases of abuse is perpetrated by intimate partners and has major health consequences for women. Women with a history of abuse are also at increased risk of reproductive health outcomes; such as high parity, inconsistent and lower levels of contraceptive use, unintended pregnancies, and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Despite concerted efforts by African governments, fertility levels in the region remain high. Africa is the region that has been least responsive to family planning programmes. This study investigates the associations between IPV and fertility in Uganda, using the Ugandan Demographic and Health Survey of 2011. Adult women of reproductive ages (15-49) that were included in the domestic violence module of the individual recode, were included in this study. Univariate, bivariate analysis, and unadjusted and adjusted Poisson Regression models were conducted for children ever born and the different forms of IPV (emotional, physical and sexual), as well as the socio-demographic and women’s empowerment variables. Both bivariate and multivariate analyses show a strong association between both these pervasive health problematics; and may therefore be one of the unexplained proximate determinants of persistently high fertility in countries such as Uganda. These results have important implications for understanding both the fertility transition in Uganda, but also for programmes and policies addressing unwanted pregnancies and unmet need for contraception that is driving fertility up, and IPV amongst women which we know from previous work has severe reproductive health outcomes but which we have now identified is a contributor to high fertility as well.
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Chuma, Bekalu Thomas, Getu Gamo Sagaro, and Feleke Hailemichael Astawesegn. "Magnitude and Predictors of Antenatal Depression among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Sodo Town, Southern Ethiopia: Facility-Based Cross-Sectional Study." Depression Research and Treatment 2020 (April 1, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/6718342.
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Background. Depression affects approximately 10 to 20% of pregnant women globally, and one in ten and two in five women in developed and developing countries develop depression during pregnancy, respectively. However, evidence regarding its magnitude and predictors in Southern Ethiopia is limited. The present study is aimed at assessing the magnitude and predictors of antenatal depression among pregnant women attending antenatal care in Sodo town. Methods. A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 403 antenatal care attendants in Sodo town from November 2 to January 30, 2017. Systematic random sampling was used to select the study population, and data were collected by using a pretested and structured questionnaire. Data were entered using Epi-data 4.2 and then exported and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between the dependent variable and independent variables. Variables with P value less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant. Results. A total of 400 pregnant women were interviewed. The magnitude of antenatal depression was 16.3% (95% CI (12.8%, 19.9%)). Husband’s educational status, at the college and above (AOR: 0.09; 95% CI (0.03, 0.34), regular exercise (AOR: 0.16; 95% CI (0.07, 0.36)), planned pregnancy (AOR: 0.16; 95% CI (0.06, 0.44)), use of family planning (AOR: 0.31; 95% CI (0.14, 0.66)), previous history of anxiety (AOR: 2.96; 95% CI (1.30, 6.74)), previous history of obstetric complications (AOR: 19.03; 95% CI (5.89, 61.47)), and current obstetric complications (AOR: 30.38; 95% CI (3.14, 294.19)) were significant predictors of antenatal depression. Conclusion. Nearly one in six pregnant women had antenatal depression. The husband’s educational status, regular exercise, planned pregnancy, use of family planning, previous history of anxiety, previous history of obstetric complications, and current history of obstetric complications were significant predictors of antenatal depression. Screening for depression during routine antenatal care could be essential and recommended to identify early and prevent further morbidities and mortalities due to antenatal depression.
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HOSSAIN, MIAN B., JAMES F. PHILLIPS, and A. B. M. KHORSHED A. MOZUMDER. "THE EFFECT OF HUSBANDS’ FERTILITY PREFERENCES ON COUPLES’ REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOUR IN RURAL BANGLADESH." Journal of Biosocial Science 39, no. 5 (November 16, 2006): 745–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932006001696.
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SummaryBangladesh society is profoundly gender stratified, and yet male roles in reproductive health processes have not been rigorously investigated. This study examines the association between men’s reproductive health knowledge, attitude and behaviour and their wives’ subsequent reproductive behaviour using longitudinal data from the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B). A total of 4969 matched husband-and-wife data from a 1998 survey and women’s contraceptive use history data following this survey are used. Results show a significant association between husbands’ fertility preferences and current use of any family planning method. When wives’ background characteristics, and husbands’ background and socioeconomic characteristics are controlled for, the predicted probability of using a method of contraception among non-educated wives whose husbands want more children is 0·49 compared with 0·64 for those whose husbands do not want more children. However, the net effect of husbands’ preference for additional children diminishes as wives’ level of education increases. Among wives who had completed high school, the predicted probability of using a method of contraception is 0·70 for those whose husbands want more children compared with 0·69 for those whose husbands do not want more children.
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Väisänen, Heini. "EDUCATIONAL INEQUALITIES IN REPEAT ABORTION: A LONGITUDINAL REGISTER STUDY IN FINLAND 1975–2010." Journal of Biosocial Science 48, no. 6 (April 29, 2016): 820–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002193201600016x.
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SummaryThe proportion of repeat abortions among all abortions has increased over the last decades in Finland. This study examined the association of education with the likelihood of repeat abortion, and the change in this association over time using reliable longitudinal data. A unique set of register data from three birth cohorts were followed from age 20 to 45, including about 22,000 cases of repeat abortion, and analysed using discrete-time event-history models. Low education was found to be associated with a higher likelihood of repeat abortion. Women with low education had abortions sooner after the preceding abortion, and were more often single, younger and had larger families at the time of abortion than more highly educated women. The educational differences were more significant for later than earlier cohorts. The results show a lack of appropriate contraceptive use, possibly due to lack of knowledge of, or access to, services. There is a need to improve access to family planning services, and contraceptives should be provided free of charge. Register data overcome the common problems of under-reporting of abortion and attrition ensuring the results are reliable, unique and of interest internationally.
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Muntingh, George L., and Michelle Viljoen. "ERROR 404 – Sleep not found." South African Family Practice 60, no. 3 (July 12, 2018): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/safp.v60i3.4878.
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Insomnia is perhaps the most common type of sleep disorder in the family medicine population. It is best described as a persistent difficulty initiating or maintaining sleep, or a report of non-restorative sleep, accompanied by related daytime impairment. There is increasing evidence of a strong association between insomnia and various medical and psychiatric comorbidities. Diagnosis of insomnia and treatment planning rely on a thorough sleep history to address contributing and precipitating factors as well as maladaptive behaviours resulting in poor sleep. Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) is the mainstay of treatment and is a safe and effective approach. The key challenge of CBT-I is the lack of clinicians to implement it. The newer generation nonbenzodiazepines (e.g. zolpidem) are used as first-line pharmacotherapy for chronic insomnia. Newer drugs active on targets other than the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor are now available, but clear treatment guidelines are needed.
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Onimoe, Grace, and Genine Smarzo. "HbS-Sicilian (δβ)0-Thalassemia: A Rare Variant of Sickle Cell." Case Reports in Hematology 2017 (2017): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9265396.
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Sickle cell disease (SCD) is caused by a mutation in the sixth codon of the β-globin gene on chromosome 11, which leads to a single amino acid substitution (glutamine to valine). Sickle-(δβ)0-thalassemia is a rare variant of sickle cell disease (delta-beta thalassemia occurring in association with sickle hemoglobin, HbS), sparsely reported in literature, and has been associated with symptomatology necessitating careful monitoring and follow-up. We describe a patient who presented with a newborn screen reported as “FS” and a negative family history for sickle cell disease and sickle cell trait. Subsequent gene sequencing studies demonstrated the presence of Sickle-(δβ)0-thalassemia. Clinical course has remained relatively stable for this patient now at 18 months of age without any SCD related symptomatology or complications. As this is a rare variant of SCD with potential complications, it is important to establish diagnosis towards planning comprehensive care.
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Moges, Yohannes, Solomon Adanew Worku, Abrhaley Niguse, and Bayew Kelkay. "Factors Associated with the Unplanned Pregnancy at Suhul General Hospital, Northern Ethiopia, 2018." Journal of Pregnancy 2020 (June 27, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2926097.
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Background. Unplanned pregnancy is a fundamental concept that is used to recognize the fertility of populations and the unmet need for contraception and family planning. Unplanned pregnancy happened mainly due to the results of not using contraception or inconsistent or incorrect use of effective methods. Reducing the number of unplanned pregnancy endorses reproductive health mainly by reducing the number of times a woman is exposed to the risk of pregnancy and childbearing. Objective. This study is aimed at assessing the magnitude of unplanned pregnancy and associated factors among pregnant mothers attending antenatal care at Suhul General Hospital, Northern Ethiopia. Methods. A facility-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among pregnant mothers visiting antenatal care follow-up from February to April 2018 at Suhul General Hospital, Shire, and Northern Ethiopia. The study participants were selected using a systematic sampling method, and the data was collected using a pretested structured questionnaire through face-to-face interviews. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were done to determine the association of each independent variable with the dependent variable. Result. The magnitude of unplanned pregnancy among 379 pregnant mothers was 20.6%. Unmarried women [AOR: 4.73, 95% CI: (1.56, 14.33)], age above forty [AOR: 4.17, 95% CI: (1.18, 14.6)], had no history of unplanned pregnancy [AOR: 3.26 95% CI: (1.65, 6.44)], and unemployed [AOR: 6.79; 95% CI: (2.05, 22.46)] were the variables significantly associated with the magnitude of unplanned pregnancy. Conclusion and Recommendation. The findings of this study showed that the magnitude of unplanned pregnancy was high and age, marital status, occupation, and history of unplanned pregnancy were statistically associated with an unplanned pregnancy. There is seeming necessity to plan strategies of communication within couples or individuals on reproductive especially on fertility and promote family planning methods.
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Ziliwu, Novrin Senselia Putri, Lina Dewi Anggraeni, and Rosa Nora Lina. "FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHILDREN UNDER FIVE YEARS OF AGE IN GUNUNGSITOLI IDANOI PRIMARY HEALTHCARE CENTER." Indonesian Journal of Public Health 15, no. 3 (November 20, 2020): 315. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ijph.v15i3.2020.315-324.
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The number of children under five years of age suffering from underweight was 28.0% in Gunungsitoli district. Out of six primary Healthcare centers in the district, Gunungsitoli Idanoi Primary Healthcare Center Healthcarewas one of the six primary healthcare centers with the highest malnutrition prevalence. Sixty-four children under five years of age there Healthcaresuffered from malnutrition. This study aimed to identify factors associated with the nutritional status of children under five in Gunungsitoli Idanoi Primary Healthcare Center, Gunungsitoli district. It was an analytical survey with a cross-sectional approach conducted in Gunungsitoli Idanoi Primary Healthcare Center in February 2019. Data were collected using a questionnaire. This study had samples as many as 246 mothers of children under five years of age selected using a purposive random sampling technique. The bivariate analysis indicates the nutritional status of children under five was significantly associated with mother’s employment status (p=0.043) and family size (p=0.015). While the nutritional status of children under five had no significant association with mother’s knowledge of nutrition (p=0.485), mother’s education (p=0.616), family income (p=0.511), infectious disease (p=0.913), and history of breastfeeding (p=0.847). Mother’s employment status and family size affected the nutritional status of children under five. The primary Healthcare center should cooperate with stakeholders across sectors, especially conduct training for improving economic business skills of the people in the village, and promote family planning program for couples of childbearing age. Keywords: Breastfeeding, children under five years of age, underweight, mother’s knowledge, mother’s employment.
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Jalil, Aisha, Rubeena Zakar, Ahmed Usman, and Aaisha Amjad. "Determinants Of Fertility And Fertility Preferences In Pakistan: Comparative Secondary Analysis Of PDHS 2007-2013." Pakistan Journal of Gender Studies 12, no. 1 (August 3, 2016): 19–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.46568/pjgs.v12i1.197.
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Fertility rate is on gradual decline in Pakistan like other developing countries with increased acceptance of family planning methods. Pakistan Demographic and Health Surveys revealed a slow decline from 4.1 in 2007 to 3.8 children per woman in 2013. Despite availability of nationally representative primary data, empirical researches on demographic and health determinants of fertility and fertility preferences in Pakistan are rare. The aim of this study is to assess the major differences in factors determining fertility and fertility preferences in Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2006- 2007 and 2012-2013. Using two data sets Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2006-2007 and 2012-2013, researchers conducted a comparison of findings generated in secondary analyses. Researchers studied the association of social demographics, reproductive history and infant mortality with fertility and fertility preferences among ever-married women of reproductive age (15-49). Results are indicated using binary logistic regression and multivariate analysis. Findings support the association of social demographics of women, living sons, child mortality and reproductive history with ideal number of children; desire to reproduce more and number of living children. Injection induced labour pains, C-section deliveries, fistula problem, abortions and spotting during gestation are associated significantly with lower ideal number of children. Living sons are positively associated with ideal number of children and negatively associated with desire to reproduce more. The desire to reproduce more in association with women’s age 15-29, rural place of residence and C-section deliveries has reduced over time from 2007 to 2013 in country. Complications during pregnancies and delivery are important determinants of fertility and fertility preferences among women. Further research is needed to assess the association of pregnancy and delivery problems with fertility and fertility preferences in Pakistan.
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Mooppichathil, Rasila, Jayshree V. Vaman, and Simi A. "Factors leading to surgical evacuation in first trimester medical termination of pregnancy." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 11, no. 12 (November 25, 2022): 3376. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20223135.
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Background: Aim of the study was to determine factors leading to surgical evacuation in first trimester medical termination of pregnancy of women attending SAT hospital, medical college, Thiruvananthapuram.Methods: A case control study was conducted at the department of obstetrics and gynaecology, Government Medical college, Thiruvananthapuram. The sample size was calculated to be 58 in each group. Antenatal women attending family planning OPD for termination of pregnancy in first trimester at SAT hospital over a period of one year were recruited for this study. A structured questionnaire was used to record history, examination findings, and investigations including ultrasound. The clinical outcome was defined as successful medical abortion and failed medical abortion which leads to surgical evacuation due to retained products.Results: Previous caesarean, previous induced abortion, previous pregnancy loss or increasing gestational age showed increasing rate of failed medical abortion. Also, in patients with anaemia with haemoglobin <11 gm/dl or diabetes or hypertension showed independent association with failed medical abortion.Conclusions: If patient planning for medical abortion, can do at earlier gestational age as advancing gestation will leads to increasing rate of failed medical abortion and also after correcting anaemia, with proper medication.
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Naguib, Nefissa. "Humanitarian Pluralism: The Arctic Passage in an Age of Refugees." International Journal of Middle East Studies 48, no. 2 (April 7, 2016): 377–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002074381600012x.
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As I write, the Syrian migrant crisis is boiling over and the Arctic Circle has become the latest precarious route desperate Syrian refugees are braving in their pursuit of security and shelter. A young Syrian woman is interviewed on the Norwegian evening news. Earlier this year other members of her family had fled to Germany. She stayed in Syria, waiting to hear from them before setting out herself. When she finally managed to get a call through to her family, they recounted the humiliating agonies they had endured on their journey through Turkey and advised her to find another route. She decided to take the new migration route to Europe, the safer and less expensive Arctic route, as far as possible from the horrors of war. She doesn't go into the details of her long journey, other than to say that she has been hungry for a couple of years, often dizzy from hunger. As she is interviewed in the polar night, she stands in front of a building decorated with Christmas lights, a Bethlehem star in each of the windows, skinny pines covered in frost in the background, snow on the ground: “I don't mind that my ears are frozen and that I can see my breath. I want to be safe and have a dignified life. Get a proper education, work, and be able to feed myself.” The camera shows other Syrian families with young children, single men and women, and girls and boys, traveling alone. Volunteers from the “Refugees Welcome to Norway” (RWTN) association distribute warm clothes, nappies, prams, toys, coffee, tea, sandwiches, and traditional Christmas cakes.
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O’Sullivan, Michael E. "Sex and Birth Control in West Germany." Quellen und Forschungen aus italienischen Archiven und Bibliotheken 101, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 133–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/qufiab-2021-0008.
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Abstract Pius XII’s Addresses to the Catholic Union of Midwives on October 29, 1951 and the National Congress of the Family Front and the Association of Large Families on November 27, 1951 were a pivotal moment in the history of sexuality in the Catholic Church because the pope permitted the use of the rhythm method for the purposes of family planning. They occurred at a moment of transition between Pius XI’s condemnation of contraception and abortion in 1930 and Paul VI’s denunciation of the birth control pill in 1968. This essay argues that these two speeches require greater scholarly attention and that West Germany represents a compelling case study for their reception. Other scholars document well the importance of Germany to the life and papacy of Pius XII, but little light has been shed on how Central European Catholics responded to his views about sex. In a fresh reading of the papal intervention, this essay suggests that the speeches only endorsed practices that had been common since the 1930s. In the midst of changing norms about sex and increased access to birth control as well as anxiety about rapid social change, Pius XII’s attempt at conciliation was significant but ultimately failed.
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Rasheed, Aqsa, and Majid Kaleem. "Association of Hyperuricemia with Coronary Artery Disease in Gulab Devi Chest Hospital." International Journal of Frontier Sciences 1, no. 2 (July 1, 2017): 17–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.37978/tijfs.v1i2.20.
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AbstractBackground: Coronary artery disease is the most common and life threatening cardiac emergency presenting to a hospital. Having significant mortality and morbidity are on the rise in Pakistan. The objective of the study is to examine the association of elevated level of serum uric acid with ischemic heart disease among adult population, to guide planning for primary and secondary prevention of this disease in community.Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study studied 110 consecutive patients from 20-80 years of age presenting with IHD (Myocardial infarction, unstable angina). All the subjects who were approached to participate in the study, gave their consent. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using a structured questionnaire followed by laboratory tests.Results: Association of serum uric acid were lined up as gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, menopause, dyslipidemia, family history and obesity. In this study, out of 110 patients 35 (32%) were females and 74 (68%) were males. Minimum Age of patients in this study was 30 years and maximum age was 70 years This study revealed that chest pain was the most occurring symptom which was observed in 39 patients which are 35.45% of the total patients and the second most occurring symptom was Dyspnea which was observed in 32 patients which 29.09% of the total patients. The study reveals that the major risk factor observed in CAD patients is ‘HTN’ which was found in 81 patients which are 73.64% of the total patients. However, ‘Smoking’ and ‘DM’ are proximate in occurrence and were found in 59 (53.64%) and 56 (50.91%) patients respectively. The study revealed that hyperuricemia was more in males that was 34(22.67) than in females.Conclusion: This study concluded that there was no significant association between hyperuricemia with ischemic heart disease.
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Wegene, Meron Admasu, Negeso Gebeyehu Gejo, Daniel Yohannes Bedecha, Amene Abebe Kerbo, Shemsu Nuriye Hagisso, and Solomon Abrha Damtew. "Utilization of preconception care and associated factors in Hosanna Town, Southern Ethiopia." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (January 7, 2022): e0261895. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261895.
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Introduction There is substantial body of evidence that portrays gap in the existing maternal and child health continuum of care; one is less attention given to adolescent girls and young women until they get pregnant. Besides, antenatal care is too late to reduce the harmful effects that a woman’s may have on the fetus during the critical period of organogenesis. Fortunately, preconception care can fill these gaps, enhance well-being of women and couples and improve subsequent pregnancy and child health outcomes. Therefore, the main aim of the current study was to assess preconception care utilization and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics of public health facilities in Hosanna town. Methods A facility based cross-sectional study design was carried out from July 30, 2020 to August 30, 2020. Data were collected through face-to-face interview among 400 eligible pregnant women through systematic sampling technique. Epi-data version 3.1 and SPSS version 24 was used for data entry and analysis respectively. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify association between dependent and independent variables. Crude and adjusted odds ratio with respective 95% confidence intervals was computed and statistical significance was declared at p-value <0.05. Result This study revealed that 76 (19%, 95% Cl (15.3, 23.2) study participants had utilized preconception care. History of family planning use before the current pregnancy (AOR = 2.45; 95% Cl (1.270, 4.741), previous history of adverse birth outcomes (AOR = 3.15; 95% Cl (1.650, 6.005), poor knowledge on preconception care (AOR = 0.18; 95% Cl (0.084, 0.379) and receiving counseling on preconception care previously (AOR = 2.82; 95% Cl (1.221, 6.493) were significantly associated with preconception care utilization. Conclusions The present study revealed that nearly one-fifth of pregnant women have utilized preconception care services. History of family planning use before the current pregnancy, previous history of adverse birth outcomes, poor knowledge on preconception care and receiving counseling on preconception care previously were significantly associated with preconception care utilization. Integrating preconception care services with other maternal neonatal child health, improving women’s/couples knowledge & strengthening counseling services is pivotal.
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Rolandsen, Unn Målfrid. "A Collective of Their Own: Young Volunteers at the Fringes of the Party Realm." European Journal of East Asian Studies 7, no. 1 (2008): 101–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156805808x333938.
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AbstractBased on fieldwork in an urban branch of the China Youth Volunteers' Association this article discusses how individual motivation for volunteering among young middle-class students plays a role in the internal reforming of one of the few officially authorised associations available for young people. Whereas Chinese volunteering was once a Party-driven effort supported by Maoist calls to 'Serve the people', contemporary Chinese volunteering is promoted with a focus on the volunteer's own experience and commitment. Interviews and participant observation demonstrate how young volunteers use the Party-linked Volunteers' Association not merely instrumentally to support their own personal ambitions, but also as a social space where the individual may find room to 'give and share beyond the family'. The analysis shows that volunteering is perceived differently by volunteers' families, the local media, the local community and the volunteers themselves. The article concludes that what attracts youth to the volunteer movement is the opportunity to be part of a collective where they can contribute to society while at the same time being recognised as individuals.
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MAQSOOD, NIAZ, ISHTIAQ AHMAD, WAJID ALI, Wajeh ur Rehman, and Naima Niaz. "THE HYSTERIA." Professional Medical Journal 13, no. 02 (June 25, 2006): 303–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2006.13.02.5033.
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Objectives: To find out the sociodemographic characteristics ofconversion disorders and to find if there is any difference between the presenting symptoms of rural and urbanpopulation. Design: A non-probability, purposive, hospital based sample. Place and Duration of Study: Psychiatrydepartment of Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur, from February 2004 to April 2005. Patients and Method: A sample of 100-patients was collected. Both sexes were included. DSM-IV criteria for conversion disorder were applied for diagnosisof all these patients. Informed consent was taken for inclusion in the study. Patients suffering from concurrent physicaldisorders were excluded. The first author (NM.) using a semi-structured pro-forma interviewed all these patients. Thesociodemographic characteristics and the clinical profile were collected. Statistical analysis was made with the statisticalpackage for windows, SPSS (version –10). The applied method for group comparison was chi square- test. Results:The mean age of patients from the urban area was 24.26±7.25 years, as compared to 22.15±7.49 years for thepatients from the rural area. Most of the patients were females and were married. Majority of the patients from the urbanas well as from the rural area were uneducated and from the lower socio-economic class. The onset of illness wastypically acute and sudden, with precipitating life event. Majority of the patients had family history of the illness and comorbidpsychiatric disorders. The presenting symptoms were either sensory, motor, mixed symptoms and psuedoseizures.The presenting symptoms of patient from both urban (p value of 0.008), and rural area (P value =0.013), werestatistically significant. There were no statistically significant association between the presenting symptoms and thearea of living. The p values of the entire chi square tests were greater than (0.05). Conclusion: Prompt elimination ofthe symptoms of conversion disorder is important to prevent secondary gains from reinforcing it and causing it to persistor reoccur. Psychiatric services need to be developed and updated for the provision of prompt and efficient treatment,for the patients with these chronic and sometimes disabling conversion disorders.
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Deriba, Berhanu Senbeta, Elias Teferi Bala, Gizachew Abdissa Bulto, Tinsae Abeya Geleta, Agumas Fentahun Ayalew, Addis Adera Gebru, Habtamu Oljira Desta, Mengistu Benayew Shiferaew, and Lidya Zerihun Sahile. "Determinants of Anemia among Pregnant Women at Public Hospitals in West Shewa, Central Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study." Anemia 2020 (November 28, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2865734.
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Introduction. Anemia is highly dominant among pregnant women due to the need for iron for women themselves and their fetuses. Nearly half a billion globally and around one-third in Ethiopia of pregnant women were affected by anemia which has both health and economic impact. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the determinants of anemia among pregnant women attending antenatal care at public hospitals in the West Shewa zone, Oromia regional state, Central Ethiopia, 2019. Methods. An unmatched case-control study was conducted at public hospitals in the West Shewa zone, Ethiopia, from February to April 2019. A consecutive sampling was used to select study participants. Data were collected by a structured questionnaire, and the collected data were entered into Epi Info version 7 and SPSS version 23 for analyses. Descriptive statistics such as tables, graphs, and proportions were used to present the data. Binary and multiple logistic regression analyses were computed to identify the determinants of anemia. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) and p value <0.05 were used to determine the presence of an association. Result. A total of 426 women (142 cases and 284 controls) participated in this study with a 95.3% response rate. Family size >5 (AOR = 2.95, 95% CI: 1.34–6.50), peptic ulcer diseases (PUD) (AOR = 2.85, 95% CI: 1.14–7.13), having the previous history of abortion (AOR = 2.84, 95% CI: 1.08–7.47), birth interval <2 years (AOR = 2.61, 95% CI: 1.20–5.70), antepartum hemorrhage (APH) (AOR = 6.05, 95% CI: 1.95–18.81), and not using latrine (AOR = 3.45, 95% CI: 1.30–9.24) were the identified determinants of anemia. Conclusions. Family size, PUD, abortion, birth interval, APH, and unable to use latrine were the determinants of anemia among pregnant women. Therefore, the intervention on anemia prevention should consider the promotion of family planning methods and counseling on latrine utilization.
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Pillai, Dr Swapna K., and Dr Fibi C. S. "Study of LATCH SCORE and Factors Affecting Feeding in Mother Baby dyad in a Tertiary care centre on Postnatal day 2 ----A Prospective, Observational Study." YMER Digital 21, no. 04 (April 26, 2022): 451–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37896/ymer21.04/44.
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Introduction: Breastfeeding confers many short and long-term benefits to both the mother and baby. Successful breastfeeding can be a complex task for the 1mother–infant pair. LATCH score is a tool developed in 1994 to assess breastfeeding and identify mothers who are at risk for failure of exclusive breastfeeding (Jensen, Wallace, & Kelsey, 1994). Objectives :1. To find out the proportion of mothers having feeding issues using LATCH Score on second postnatal day and estimate lactation failure 2. To give lactation counselling to mothers with feeding issues (LATCH Score-<7) and check the result 3)To compare the LATCH scores with maternal parity, education ,,occupation,, type of family, type of delivery ,baby weight and gestational age Methodology: Study design – Descriptive observational study Study population: Mothers of age group 18-35 who delivered healthy singletons in the hospital during the study period of 18 months from november2019 to may 2021. Mothers who delivered twins, mothers of babies with congenital anomaly or congenital cardiac disease, sick babies with severe respiratory distress requiring oxygen, sepsis, or meningitis, babies admitted in NICU for > 48 hours were excluded. Detailed history specifically about their breastfeeding patterns and the latch score was assessed. Data was analysed using SPSS. Qualitative variables was expressed in percentages and quantitative variables will be expressed as mean (SD). Chi square test and student t tests were used. Results: Of the 390 mothers studied, the incidence of lactation failure in the early postnatal period was 57.2% There was significant association between age of mother, parity, education status, type of family, type of delivery and latch score. Conclusion: Estimating latch score and instituting early lactation counselling will help to avoid lactation failure and ensure successful feeding.
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Pillai, Dr Swapna K., and Dr Fibi C. S. "Study of LATCH SCORE and Factors Affecting Feeding in Mother Baby dyad in a Tertiary care centre on Postnatal day 2 ----A Prospective, Observational Study." YMER Digital 21, no. 04 (April 26, 2022): 451–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.37896/ymer21.04/44.
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Introduction: Breastfeeding confers many short and long-term benefits to both the mother and baby. Successful breastfeeding can be a complex task for the 1mother–infant pair. LATCH score is a tool developed in 1994 to assess breastfeeding and identify mothers who are at risk for failure of exclusive breastfeeding (Jensen, Wallace, & Kelsey, 1994). Objectives :1. To find out the proportion of mothers having feeding issues using LATCH Score on second postnatal day and estimate lactation failure 2. To give lactation counselling to mothers with feeding issues (LATCH Score-<7) and check the result 3)To compare the LATCH scores with maternal parity, education ,,occupation,, type of family, type of delivery ,baby weight and gestational age Methodology: Study design – Descriptive observational study Study population: Mothers of age group 18-35 who delivered healthy singletons in the hospital during the study period of 18 months from november2019 to may 2021. Mothers who delivered twins, mothers of babies with congenital anomaly or congenital cardiac disease, sick babies with severe respiratory distress requiring oxygen, sepsis, or meningitis, babies admitted in NICU for > 48 hours were excluded. Detailed history specifically about their breastfeeding patterns and the latch score was assessed. Data was analysed using SPSS. Qualitative variables was expressed in percentages and quantitative variables will be expressed as mean (SD). Chi square test and student t tests were used. Results: Of the 390 mothers studied, the incidence of lactation failure in the early postnatal period was 57.2% There was significant association between age of mother, parity, education status, type of family, type of delivery and latch score. Conclusion: Estimating latch score and instituting early lactation counselling will help to avoid lactation failure and ensure successful feeding.
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Erculiani, Marta, Cinzia Zanatta, Enrico Vidal, Stefano Martelossi, and Paola Midrio. "Ulcerative Colitis of the Neovagina in a Toddler with Cloaca and Chronic Kidney Disease." European Journal of Pediatric Surgery Reports 09, no. 01 (January 2021): e33-e36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1726868.
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AbstractThe case of a toddler with long-channel cloaca, mild chronic kidney disease (CKD) due to renal dysplasia, and early onset of ulcerative colitis (UC) is herein reported. The patient underwent definitive repair of cloaca, that included vaginal elongation with colon, at 5 months of age and was admitted for episodes of vaginal bleeding at 22 months of age. A vaginoscopy revealed a severe inflammation of the colonic neovagina. As rectal bleeding was also noticed, she underwent a colonscopy that showed the same macroscopic inflammatory picture. Neovaginal and colonic biopsies confirmed UC. The mother turned out to be affected by UC since adolescence. The patient is now on oral therapy with mesalazine and topical steroid and mesalazine in the neovagina. The association between cloaca and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is anecdotal, but the family history of IBD should be considered when planning the surgical reconstruction of patients with cloaca. In this patient, the occurrence of UC may require a new neovagina in the future and the concomitance of CKD may complicate the overall management due to the potential nephrotoxicity of drugs used for UC therapy.
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Verma, Sourabh, Sheryl Purrier, Emily Breidbart, John G. Pappas, Pradeep V. Mally, and Tara M. Randis. "Hyponatremic Seizures and Adrenal Hypoplasia Congenita in a Neonate with Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia." Case Reports in Pediatrics 2019 (May 27, 2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4178251.
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Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) in neonates may occur as an isolated finding, in association with other anomalies, or as part of a genetic syndrome. We report the first case of an infant with CDH who presented with hyponatremic seizures due to adrenal hypoplasia congenita (AHC). The patient underwent repair of CDH defect. After an uncomplicated postoperative course while on discharge planning, he developed a seizure episode associated with severe hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. Extensive diagnostic workup revealed an NR0B1 gene variant confirming the diagnosis of X-linked AHC. The patient was eventually discharged home on hydrocortisone, fludrocortisone, and salt supplements. There are a few case reports of adrenal insufficiency in neonates with CDH, manifesting with symptoms before and immediately after reparative surgery. Clinical presentation of our patient was unique in manifesting as neonatal seizure secondary to severe hyponatremia after a stable postoperative phase. The patient’s electrolytes and hemodynamic status remained stable before, during, and after surgery for CDH. This case underlines the importance of taking detailed family history and continued vigilance for signs and symptoms of adrenal insufficiency in infants with repaired CDH by pediatricians and intensivists.
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Tesfaye, Yonas, and Liyew Agenagnew. "Antenatal Depression and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Service in Kochi Health Center, Jimma Town, Ethiopia." Journal of Pregnancy 2021 (February 8, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5047432.
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Background. Antenatal depression has immense public health importance, as it can adversely affect both the mother and child health. The problem contributes to the disease burden in both developed and developing countries. Despite this, it is less investigated and not getting the necessary attention in the study setting. Objective. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of antenatal depression and associated factors among women attending antenatal care (ANC) service in Kochi Health Center, Jimma town, southwest Ethiopia, 2019. Method. Institutional based cross-sectional survey was conducted on 314 pregnant women attending Kochi Health Center from February 15 to April 15, 2019. A systematic random sampling technique was used to include the study participants. Antenatal depression was assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) tool. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews using a pretested and structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was done to summarize the dependent and independent variables. Moreover, the chi-square test analysis was done to determine the association between the outcome and explanatory variables. Results. A total of 314 pregnant women participated in the study, making a response rate of 96.7%. The study has revealed a total of 52 (16.6%) of the respondent had antenatal depression. A chi-square test of independence analysis showed a significant association between antenatal depression and marital status, family history of depression, pregnancy planning, history of abortion, social support, and intimate partner violence ( P < 0.00001 ). Conclusion. The study has shown that the prevalence of antenatal depression was high and associated with multiple psychosocial, clinical, and obstetric factors. Therefore, screening pregnant women for depression and the provision of necessary mental health services is recommended to mitigate the adverse health outcome of the problem.