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Abstract This article reviews the existing literature about the most prevalent form of corporate ownership around the world: ownership by individuals—particularly founders—and families. We summarize the existing evidence about the prevalence and persistence of family ownership around the world, along with its impact on performance—both financial and non-financial—relative to other types of corporate ownership. We discuss how and why these empirical facts and findings come about—why owners in general, and family owners in particular, are critical drivers of firm behaviour and performance, and how they are able to exercise their influence over corporations in which other shareholders, such as institutional investors, and other stakeholders can also play an important role.
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Sanjaya, I. Putu Sugiartha, Rayenda Khresna Brahmana, and Wimpie Yustino Setiawan. "Family Ownership and Corporate Performance." Jurnal Akuntansi dan Pajak 22, no. 2 (January 13, 2022): 636. http://dx.doi.org/10.29040/jap.v22i2.3202.
The paper aims to investigate whether family ownership as controlling shareholder effect on firm performance. This paper uses ultimate (direct and indirect) ownership to identify a listed firm owned by family or non-family. Family ownership is majority shareholder for listed companies in Indonesia. Family ownership will be good impact (competitive advantage) or bad impact (private benefit) on companies. The study also motivates to study this topic because investigating on family ownership as controlling shareholder is limited in Indonesia. The study uses panel data or pooled data. The method for collecting data is archival. Unit of analysis of the study is organization. Sample of this study is 604 observations during 2001-2007. This study uses purposive sampling to collect data from the Indonesian Stock Exchange. This study collects and searches ultimate ownership on chain of ownership structure in manufacturing companies listed in the Indonesian Stock Exchange. This study uses ultimate ownership to identify family ownership or non-family ownership because the reality of ownership structure in public companies in Indonesia is concentrated. This study identifies direct and indirect ownerships on chain of ownership. Based on direct and indirect, this study can identify ultimate ownership whether are family or non-family ownership. This study uses return on assets to proxy firm performance. The return is operating income. To analysis data, this study uses multiple reggresion model. Dependend variable is firm performance and independen variable is family ownership. The results of this study are family ownership negatively affect to firm performance. It indicates that ownership by family reduce firm performance. These results suggest that entrenchment effect is more dominant than alignment effect on the family ownership. The research focus only for manufacturing industry and data is only from 2001-2007. The results of the study will impact for regulation to lead listed companies have to disclosure the ultimate owner because it is a potential agency problem in Indonesia. The results also give information for potential and existing investor to give more pay attention on financial statements because it is potential to mislead on the statements.
Keywords : Ultimate Ownership, Family, Firm Performance, Entrenchment Effect
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Musallam, Sami R. M., Hasan Fauzi, and Nadhirah Nagu. "Family, institutional investors ownerships and corporate performance: the case of Indonesia." Social Responsibility Journal 15, no. 1 (February 4, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/srj-08-2017-0155.
Purpose This paper aims to investigate the relationship between family and institutional ownerships and corporate performance. Design/methodology/approach Using a panel data of 139 nonfinancial companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2009 to 2013, this study used generalized least square model. Findings The results show that family ownership has a significant and positive impact on corporate performance, while institutional ownership has significantly and negatively influenced corporate performance. These results imply that family ownership leads to better corporate performance, while institutional ownership leads to lower corporate performance. Research limitations/implications Future research would extend to examine different ownership variables, e.g. domestic, foreign and black shareholders ownerships with different performance measures such as profit margin and return on investments (ROI). Then, their results could be compared to the result of this paper. Practical implications For shareholders and managers, the result of this study provides a base for shareholder on the importance to have the same understanding as management to improve return of capital invested by them (family capital) through firm’s long- and short-term business decision-making. It is possible for management for doing so because their interest is same. Therefore, this can be an interesting incentive for management. This result of this study also provides practical implication for investors (including international investors) with respect to their funds in the firm with family ownership share. By doing so, they will get better and stable ROI compared to nonfamily-owned business. Originality/value This study is original as studies on institutional and family ownerships and corporate performance are limited in the Indonesian context. The use of nonlinearity effect of family ownership and corporate performance in Indonesian case is the first attempt. Therefore, this study contributes to corporate governance literatures by investigating the relationship between family and institutional ownerships and market performance in Indonesian context using the improved methodology.
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Rautiainen, Marita, Timo Pihkala, and Markku Ikavalko. "Family business in family ownership portfolios." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Venturing 1, no. 4 (2010): 398. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijev.2010.032540.
Chen, Hsiang-Lan, Wen-Tsung Hsu, and Chiao-Yi Chang. "Family Ownership, Institutional Ownership, and Internationalization of SMEs." Journal of Small Business Management 52, no. 4 (August 19, 2013): 771–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12031.
Setiawati, Erma, Eskasari Putri, and Nashirotun Nisa. "Implementation of corporate governance, family ownership, and family-aligned board: Evidence from Indonesia." Problems and Perspectives in Management 20, no. 4 (October 11, 2022): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.20(4).2022.02.
This study aims to examine the impact of family ownership on the composition of the board of directors and the number of family-affiliated directors. In addition, it analyzes how it affects corporate governance. Big capital and middle capital companies among the top 50 IICD (Indonesia Institute for Corporate Directorship) awards issuers from 2017 to 2019 make up the study population. The sample consists of 57 middle capital companies and 72 big capital companies. The link between the variables is examined using multiple linear regression. Both the partial coefficient test and the model accuracy test were performed. First, the study findings indicate that family-owned businesses have a higher proportion of family-affiliated board members and commissioners on their boards in big capital and middle capital companies. Second, while family ownership has a favorable impact on middle capital companies, it has a negative and significant impact on the application of corporate governance in big capital firms. Third, since big capital companies exhibit different signals than middle capital companies, it can be inferred that the number of directors and commissioners who are members of the same family affects the adoption of good governance practices and, consequently, the development of sound policies to deal with challenging issues that may arise within a company. This study is innovative in that it divides the sample into big capital and middle capital companies.
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Brundin, Ethel, Emilia Florin Samuelsson, and Leif Melin. "Family ownership logic: Framing the core characteristics of family businesses." Journal of Management & Organization 20, no. 1 (January 2014): 6–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmo.2014.15.
AbstractIn this article we show how specific family business logic shapes managerial practices. Based on empirical material from 20 case studies of family ownership governance, our study identifies seven core characteristics of family ownership logic. These include active, visible and persistent ownership with few owners, relatively stable strategic development encompassing multiple ownership goals, autonomy towards capital markets, and a strong identification and emotional bonding with the business. By considering the family business context, we find managerial practices that are prevalent in the majority of businesses around the world and that have implications for ownership research. It is concluded that by taking the logic of ownership into consideration when studying family businesses, researchers in this field can contribute to the growing literature on sociocultural and behavioural factors in corporate governance relations.
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Benjamin, Samuel Jebaraj, Shaista Wasiuzzaman, Helen Mokhtarinia, and Niloufar Rezaie Nejad. "Family ownership and dividend payout in Malaysia." International Journal of Managerial Finance 12, no. 3 (June 6, 2016): 314–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmf-08-2014-0114.
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of family ownership on dividend payout from the perspective of agency costs in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach – Annual financial, board and family ownership data of 160 firms listed on the Bursa Malaysia are collected for the period 2005-2010. Analyses are carried out using descriptive statistics, χ2 tests, Tobit regression and three-stage least square regression analysis. Findings – The empirical results suggest that family share ownership at the dispersed level from between 0 to 5 percent is negatively associated with dividend payout and positively associated from the 5 to 33 percent level with dividend payout. Consistent with the extant literature, the observed relationship between family share ownership and dividend payout is stronger in firms with smaller total assets (size), low debt and low-growth opportunities. Further examination of investment decisions lends support to arguments which attribute higher agency costs as a result of family ownerships. Research limitations/implications – The observed results at the different family ownership levels are attributed to the possible expropriation in family-owned firms and accordingly, to the proportional pressure by minority and other shareholders for dividend payout. Practical implications – For policy makers, findings from this study could serve to justify initiatives to further strengthen the institutional and regulatory architectures that would enhance the power of minority and other shareholders of public listed firms in Malaysia. Originality/value – This study contributes to the growing literature on dividend policy and family firms. Particularly, it provides further understanding of the effect of family ownership on dividend policy.
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Kuiken, Andrea. "Intermittent Exporting and Family Ownership." Academy of Management Proceedings 2019, no. 1 (August 1, 2019): 17371. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2019.17371abstract.
Fang, Hanqing, Esra Memili, Josip Kotlar, and James J. Chrisman. "Family Ownership and Firm Performance." Academy of Management Proceedings 2013, no. 1 (January 2013): 14568. http://dx.doi.org/10.5465/ambpp.2013.14568abstract.
This dissertation provides an economic analysis of families as owners of large listed firms. The essential research question is whether family ownership provides an efficient form of governance. Family ownership and control is evaluated from different angles; how ownership, control, management, and board structure affects firm performance, and executive compensation. Chapter two “A Contractual Perspective of the Firm with an Application to the Maritime Industry” is a conceptual paper analyzing the contractual structure of a firm. The chapter conceptualizes the relations between firms, and markets, and gives a transaction cost perspective of why firms are organized the way they are. The third chapter “The Impact of Vote Differentiation on Investment Performance in Listed Family Firms” investigates ownership and control in Swedish family controlled firms. The analysis shows that family control is beneficial, but only if voting rights and cash-flow rights are aligned. The fourth chapter “Family Control and Executive Compensation” analyses whether families use remuneration as a way to expropriate minority shareholders. The study shows that managers in family-controlled firms have alower share of variable compensation than managers in non-family controlled firms. The analysis shows further that family control has a reducing effect on the total level of CEO-compensation. The last chapter “Board of Directors, Dependency, and Returns on Investment” investigates if there is a relationship between ownership structure, board of directors, and firm performance. The marginal q analysis indicate that firm dependent directors have a negative impact on firms’ investment performance. Owner-dependent and employee elected directors do not affect firm investment performance. To sum up, the empirical results show that family ownership and control affects remuneration in listed firms, and the firm investment performance. The analysis further shows that there are clear differences in the ownership and governance structure between family and non-family controlled firms.
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Vishwakarma, Vijay Kumar. "Family Ownership and its impact on diversified Indian Business Group Ownership." ScholarWorks@UNO, 2008. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/860.
By using the data on Indian firms on the BSE 500 Index during the period 2005-2006, we find that family ownership affects group affiliated firms more positively than standalone firms. Group affiliated firms underperform initially as compared to standalone firms but after certain threshold of family ownership their performance becomes better than standalone firms. Within diversified Indian Business Group, family ownership affects highly diversified affiliates positively. Effect of family excess vote holdings and involvement of family management is found to be insignificant. We also find that block holders affect firm value negatively. Our results are in contrast with the existing literature of diversification and family ownership on developed market especially, US and UK. Some of our results are consistent with those of Khanna and Palepu (2000). This paper supports most of the findings of Khanna and Palepu based on more complete and reliable data set. In addition, it shows that the superior performance of highly diversified groups is related to greater family ownership. In the second essay, we examined the issues related to market reaction on IT outsourcing announcement and firm characteristics which induce firms to outsource. We find that IT outsourcing has a strong positive effect on stock prices of announcing firms, especially for longer event windows. We also find that the higher the pre-announcement inefficiency of a firm (as evidenced by lower asset turnover ratios, higher operating cost to sales, and higher cost of good sales to sales), the greater the positive price reaction to the outsourcing announcements. We also find that firms with higher information asymmetry problems (firms in the service industry) elicit a higher positive market reaction at the time of outsource announcement. Finally, firms that are likely to outsource are cost inefficient, and/or are cash needy.
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Hultén, Adam. "Family Ownership and Payout Policy : A Study of Ownership and Dividend Policies in Swedish Firms." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-414594.
Ownership structure is referenced as one of the key determinants of policy decisions and corporate governance of companies however suggested implications of different structures part in previous research. This study investigates the relationship between different ownership structures and dividend policy decisions taken by a firm and sets out to identify how family ownership in specific differs from other ownership structures. The study follows a framework based on a number of postulated hypothesis based on previous findings of similar investigations and applies it to a Swedish setting. A model is constructed consisting of variables describing ownership, financial and market conditions in Swedish firms from the period 2010-2019. Some, yet sparse, evidence is found indicating differences in dividend policy can be derived from differences in ownership, yet results clarify dividend policy decisions are based on a complex set of conditions not easily captured in a single model.
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Wang, Dechun. "Founding family ownership and accounting earnings of quality /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3144465.
Klasa, Sandy J. "The evolution of ownership structures in publicly traded firms : evidence from controlling family ownership exits /." view abstract or download file of text, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/uoregon/fullcit?p3055696.
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Oregon, 2002. Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 96-101). Also available for download via the World Wide Web; free to University of Oregon users.
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Harun, Pitra C. "Founding-Family Ownership and Firm Performance: Evidence From Indonesia." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1108.
In my study, I examine the relationship between founding family ownership and firm performance. Using publicly listed companies in Indonesia, I observe families are much more prevalent than in the US; in my sample, families are present in over 60% of Indonesian listed companies and families own an average outstanding equity of 50.4%. Contrary to previous literatures, I present new evidence to show founding family ownership and control is a more efficient form of ownership structure only when the family is a majority-shareholder in the company. Additional investigations shows that founding family ownership has a U-shaped quadratic relationship with firm performance, indicating that an increase in family ownership is initially associated with worsening firm performances, but is then associated with improving firm performances after passing a certain level of equity ownership.
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Hayward, Andrew Peter. "Judicial discretion in ownership disputes over the family home." Thesis, Durham University, 2013. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/8489/.
The core focus of this thesis is on the exercise of judicial discretion in the resolution of ownership disputes over the family home. Drawing upon the academic scholarship on judicial discretion, this thesis evaluates how the exercise of discretion has been conceptualised and employed within this specific context. Focusing on both the exercise of judicial discretion in matrimonial property disputes prior to the House of Lords’ decision in Pettitt v Pettitt in 1969 and in the modern implied trust framework, it questions whether there is evidence of judges arrogating enhanced discretion to themselves and whether this is deployed in order to take account of ‘changing social and economic circumstances’ surrounding the ownership of family property. Having identified an increased visibility of discretion in modern family property cases, this thesis questions whether a greater use of discretion within the context of domestic property evidences a departure from traditional property law reasoning and represents a problematic development in the law requiring a return to orthodoxy. This thesis provides a more nuanced understanding as to the exercise of discretion within this context. The claim advanced by this thesis is that judges in this specific context have increased their use of discretion to enable greater sensitivity to the domestic context and, whilst this may appear a controversial move to some, it is a beneficial, principled and structured modification of the property law framework applicable in this area.
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Tse, Yick-kee, and 謝奕琪. "Home ownership in relation with family formation and child bearing." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/194929.
It is believed that home ownership has a positive connection with family formation and child bearing as there is a speed up process of attaining home-ownership when the couples are in anticipation of starting family and having children. However, home ownership in relation with family formation and child bearing are not always in positive connection as other factors are necessary to be taken into consideration when associating relationship between them, such as (i) postponement of marriage and child bearing, (ii) family background, (iii) housing markets and financial systems, and (iv) government policies which will be investigated internationally in this research and tested the hypothesis in Hong Kong.
With the family budget constraints, cost competition between housing and marriage or child bearing is one of the significant factors affecting the couples’ decision in home purchasing. Our empirical results from the questionnaire survey demonstrated that home ownership is perceived as a precondition to marriage and child bearing and indicated that the cost competition between becoming home owners and becoming parents was strong. Postponement of marriage and child bearing are found over the past decade and decrease in number of children that the respondents wanted to have are the current trend. Our empirical results also show that family background is an important factor affects decision of the couples in home purchasing when getting married and in anticipation of having children. Facing a budget constraint, most of the young couples depend on their parents who are in owner-occupied housing tenure for financial assistance to succeed their home purchasing dreams.
Nowadays, Hong Kong residential property value has also increased sharply in recent years and costs of housing with increasing mortgage rate would affect decision of the young couples in home purchase, a series of measures are therefore launched by the government to solve the problems of housing since its inauguration aiming at increasing private and subsidized housing flats as well as land for affordable housing development to cool down the overheating property market. People’s home purchase is greatly affected by the prevailing housing policy found in the survey and their recommendations to the government are to provide more HOS flats, stabilize the house price, increase in amenities and facilities provision in the suburb housing developments and resume Home Assistance Loan Scheme in order to satisfy their housing needs in forming families and planning to child bearing. published_or_final_version Housing Management Master Master of Housing Management
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Payne, Troy C. "Does Changing Ownership Change Crime? An Analysis of Apartment Ownership and Crime in Cincinnati." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1288968354.
Betancourt, Ramirez Jose Bernardo. "Ownership governance practices and their influence on family businesses financial performance." Doctoral thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/16196.
Ownership was usually a system implicitly assumed in the dynamics of company
management, but it deserved more attention than a periodic control in the yearly general
shareholder´s assembly. Empowerment of owners was required given the magnitude of
decisions made in terms of capital and business purpose, and not just delegating it to the
Board or the CEO. Despite the relevance of the topic, a gap was identified in the literature
of corporate governance in family business from the ownership dimension. This
longitudinal study used a quantitative approach with an explanatory scope that which
sought to answer the question: Do shareholders corporate governance practices and family
control influence financial performance on businesses? 104 public companies were
analyzed and 36.5% of them were identified as family businesses, data were used from
National Registry of Values and Issuers, which also responded the country Code 'survey of
Colombia in the period 2008 to 2014. Data was processed with Student's t test and Random
Effects analysis as a panel data technique. Results shown that family and non-family
businesses had significant differences in ownership governance practices, but no
significant relationship were identified between corporate governance practices of
shareholders or family control with financial performance. The theoretical contribution to
the areas of corporate governance and family business was to opening a new scenario for
the study of ownership governance; the practical contribution was giving rise to the design
of a model of practices for shareholders, where they develop a more active role in terms of
capital and strategy decisions that exceeded the decision limits of the Board of Directors;
Finally, a contribution in public policy was created by supporting the need to highlight
corporate governance practices at the owners level, with models that differentiate Family
Business and others. La propiedad era generalmente un sistema implícito en la dinámica de la gestión de
la empresa, pero merecía más atención que un control periódico en la asamblea general
anual de accionistas. Se requería el empoderamiento de los propietarios dada la magnitud
de las decisiones tomadas en términos de capital y propósito comercial, y no solo delegarlo
en la Junta o el CEO. A pesar de la relevancia del tema, se identificó una brecha en la
literatura de gobierno corporativo de la empresa familiar desde la dimensión de propiedad.
Este estudio longitudinal utilizó un enfoque cuantitativo con un alcance explicativo que
buscaba responder a la pregunta: ¿Las prácticas de gobierno corporativo de los accionistas
y el control familiar influyen en el desempeño financiero de las empresas? Se analizaron
104 empresas públicas y el 36,5% de ellas se identificaron como empresas familiares, se
utilizaron datos del Registro Nacional de Valores y Emisores, que también respondió a la
encuesta del Código de país de Colombia en el período 2008 a 2014. Los datos se
procesaron con la prueba t de Student y análisis de efectos aleatorios como técnica de datos
de panel. Los resultados mostraron que las empresas familiares y no familiares tenían
diferencias significativas en las prácticas de gobierno de propiedad, pero no se
identificaron relaciones significativas entre las prácticas de gobierno corporativo de los
accionistas o el control familiar con el desempeño financiero. La contribución teórica a las
áreas de gobierno corporativo y empresa familiar fue abrir un nuevo escenario para el
estudio del gobierno de propiedad; la contribución práctica fue dar lugar al diseño de un
modelo de prácticas para los accionistas, donde desarrollen un papel más activo en
términos de decisiones de capital y estrategia que exceden los límites de decisión de la
Junta de Directiva; Finalmente, se creó una contribución en las políticas públicas al apoyar
la necesidad de resaltar las prácticas de gobierno corporativo a nivel de los propietarios,
con modelos que diferencien a las empresas familiares y otras. Tesis
Alberta. Farm Business Management Branch. Ownership and farm transfers: Issues for multi-family businesses. Edmonton, Alta: Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural Development, 1994.
LeCouvie, Kelly, and Jennifer Pendergast. "Ownership Continuity." In Family Business Succession, 41–66. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137280923_3.
Aronoff, Craig E., and John L. Ward. "The “Ownership Attitude”." In Family Business Ownership, 27–34. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230116023_4.
Bennedsen, Morten, and Joseph P. H. Fan. "Ownership Design." In The Family Business Map, 109–46. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137382368_5.
Aronoff, Craig E., and John L. Ward. "Introduction." In Family Business Ownership, 1–4. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230116023_1.
Aronoff, Craig E., and John L. Ward. "What Is a Family Business Owner?" In Family Business Ownership, 5–19. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230116023_2.
Aronoff, Craig E., and John L. Ward. "The Power of Cohesive Ownership." In Family Business Ownership, 21–26. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230116023_3.
Aronoff, Craig E., and John L. Ward. "Roles and Responsibilities." In Family Business Ownership, 35–45. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230116023_5.
Aronoff, Craig E., and John L. Ward. "Preparing and Nurturing Good Owners." In Family Business Ownership, 47–64. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230116023_6.
Aronoff, Craig E., and John L. Ward. "Owners by Choice." In Family Business Ownership, 65–69. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230116023_7.
Aronoff, Craig E., and John L. Ward. "Managing the Insider-Outsider Dilemmas." In Family Business Ownership, 71–81. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230116023_8.
Conference papers on the topic "Family ownership":
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Yusoff, Dr Wan Fadzilah Wan, Aklima Akter, and Dr Mohamad Ali Abdul-Hamid. "Earnings Management: A Review on Family Ownership." In Business Innovation and Engineering Conference 2020 (BIEC 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.210727.035.
Galavotti, Ilaria, and Carlotta D’Este. "Acquisition propensity in family firms: The multifaceted role of family involvement." In Corporate governance: Theory and practice. Virtus Interpress, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cgtapp17.
Building on behavioral agency theory, we explore the role played by corporate governance characteristics of family firms in affecting their acquisition propensity. Specifically, we investigate family members’ ownership stake and their appointment to the board of directors as predictors of the likelihood to execute acquisitions. Furthermore, we explore the effect of having a family chief executive officer (CEO) and the generational step. Using a sample of 207 acquisitions executed by 93 Italian listed family firms in the 2014–2020 period, we find evidence that the extent of family ownership does not affect acquisitions propensity. Additionally, while family members on the board are negatively associated with acquisitions, the opposite emerges in case of a family CEO. Finally, the propensity to acquire does not appear to be driven by whether the firm is still in its founding generation or later generations
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He, Haihuai. "Wenzhou Family Enterprise Ownership Structure and Optimization Strategy." In 2016 2nd International Conference on Humanities and Social Science Research (ICHSSR 2016). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/ichssr-16.2016.124.
Jihad, Muhammad Ridha, and Vera Diyanty. "Industrial Compensation Gap, Family Ownership, and Risk Preferences." In International Conference on Business and Management Research (ICBMR-17). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icbmr-17.2017.4.
Hussain, Shahid, and Nabeel Safdar. "OWNERSHIP STRUCTURE OF FAMILY BUSINESS GROUPS OF PAKISTAN." In 9th Economics & Finance Conference, London. International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.20472/efc.2018.009.006.
Surya, Rika Lusiana, and F. Fitriany. "Impact of Family Ownership on the Firm's Abnormal Audit Fees." In Proceedings of the 2018 International Conference on Islamic Economics and Business (ICONIES 2018). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iconies-18.2019.65.
Agnese, Paolo, and Francesca Romana Arduino. "The composition of board committees in family firms: Does ownership matter?" In Corporate governance: Theory and practice. Virtus Interpress, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cgtapp1.
Board committees perform many of the board of directors’ functions, making informed decisions within the framework of delegated authority and providing specific recommendations to the board on the matters in their domain. Their composition draws significant attention from shareholders, as they represent the locus where important decisions are formally taken. The aim of this research is to investigate the role of ownership in designing the board committees in family firms, especially considering the recent quest for sustainable corporate governance that requires sustainability expertise in the board of directors. The relative importance of family owners and institutional investors may be moderated by the presence of family members in the firm management.
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Mao, Qinghua, Jingxian Zhan, and Nan Wang. "The Management Innovation of Family Business Based on the Ownership Preference." In 2010 International Conference on Management and Service Science (MASS 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmss.2010.5577462.
Kamaruddin, Saadi Ahmad, Vasanthan Subramaniam, Nor Azura Md Ghani, and Hazrita Abdul Rahim. "Analyzing family ownership structure and dividend policy using artificial neural network." In The 5th Innovation and Analytics Conference & Exhibition (IACE 2021). AIP Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0094879.
Lisheng Yu. "Founding family ownership and corporate tax-sheltering activities: Evidence from China." In 2009 6th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsssm.2009.5174998.
Hines, James, Niklas Potrafke, Marina Riem, and Christoph Schinke. Inter Vivos Transfers of Ownership in Family Firms. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22301.
Almeida, Heitor, and Daniel Wolfenzon. A Theory of Pyramidal Ownership and Family Business Groups. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w11368.
Franks, Julian, Colin Mayer, and Stefano Rossi. Spending Less Time with the Family: The Decline of Family Ownership in the UK. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, July 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w10628.
Bulter, Brett J., Sarah M. Butler, Jesse Caputo, Jacqueline Dias, Amanda Robillard, and Emma M. Sass. Family Forest Ownerships of the United States, 2018. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nrs-gtr-199.
Butler, Brett J., and Sarah M. Butler. Family Forest Ownerships with 10+ Acres in Alabama, 2011-2013. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nrs-rn-206.
Butler, Brett J., and Sarah M. Butler. Family Forest Ownerships with 10+ Acres in Arkansas, 2011-2013. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nrs-rn-207.
Butler, Brett J., and Sarah M. Butler. Family Forest Ownerships with 10+ Acres in California, 2011-2013. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nrs-rn-208.
Butler, Brett J., and Sarah M. Butler. Family Forest Ownerships with 10+ Acres in Connecticut, 2011-2013. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nrs-rn-209.
Butler, Brett J., and Sarah M. Butler. Family Forest Ownerships with 10+ Acres in Delaware, 2011-2013. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nrs-rn-210.
Butler, Brett J., and Sarah M. Butler. Family Forest Ownerships with 10+ Acres in Florida, 2011-2013. Newtown Square, PA: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/nrs-rn-211.
