Academic literature on the topic 'Family food environment'
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Journal articles on the topic "Family food environment"
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Wallace and Mills. "A Study of the Food Environment at Australian Family Day Care." Nutrients 11, no. 10 (October 7, 2019): 2395. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11102395.
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Overweight and obesity in childhood is a significant public health issue. Family day care (FDC) offers a setting where good eating habits can be nurtured in young children, yet often the food environment is unhealthy. This study aims to determine FDC educators’ knowledge and confidence about nutrition and the barriers and enablers to supporting healthy food environments. Australian FDC educators were recruited to a mixed methods study using self-administered e-surveys and qualitative in-depth interviews. The survey data (n = 188) revealed good knowledge about sugary foods, but poor knowledge of protein-rich foods. Nutrition knowledge was not associated with confidence to make nutrition recommendations. Interviews (n = 9) revealed parents’ dietary choices and educators’ personal beliefs as barriers to healthy food environments, although importantly, the FDC educator role was identified as being pivotal in supporting the health and wellbeing of children and their families. This study highlights that FDC-specific nutrition education and support is vital to ensure children at FDC and their families are exposed to healthy food environments. Research to investigate specific avenues for nutrition education promotion programs specifically designed to support the unique role played by FDC educators is needed, in order to support the long-term health and welfare of the next generation of Australians.
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Bauer, Katherine W., Heidi M. Weeks, Julie C. Lumeng, Alison L. Miller, and Ashley N. Gearhardt. "Maternal executive function and the family food environment." Appetite 137 (June 2019): 21–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2019.02.004.
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Watts, Allison W., Chris Y. Lovato, Susan I. Barr, Rhona M. Hanning, and Louise C. Mâsse. "Experiences of overweight/obese adolescents in navigating their home food environment." Public Health Nutrition 18, no. 18 (April 1, 2015): 3278–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015000786.
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AbstractObjectiveTo explore perceived factors that impede or facilitate healthful eating within the home environment among overweight/obese adolescents.DesignIn the present qualitative photovoice study, participants were instructed to take photographs of things that made it easier or harder to make healthful food choices at home. Digital photographs were reviewed and semi-structured interviews were conducted to promote discussion of the photographs. Data were analysed using constant comparative analysis.SettingVancouver, Canada, in 2012–2013.SubjectsTwenty-two overweight/obese adolescents who completed a family-based lifestyle modification intervention.ResultsThe mean age of participants was 14 (sd 1·9) years, 77 % were female and their mean BMI Z-score was 2·4 (sd 0·6). Adolescents talked about six aspects of the home environment that influenced their eating habits (in order of frequency): home cooking, availability and accessibility of foods/beverages, parenting practices, family modelling, celebrations and screen use/studying. In general, homes with availability of less healthful foods, where family members also liked to eat less healthful foods and where healthier foods were less abundant or inaccessible were described as barriers to healthful eating. Special occasions and time spent studying or in front of the screen were also conducive to less healthful food choices. Home cooked meals supported adolescents in making healthier food choices, while specific parenting strategies such as encouragement and restriction were helpful for some adolescents.ConclusionsAdolescents struggled to make healthful choices in their home environment, but highlighted parenting strategies that were supportive. Targeting the home food environment is important to enable healthier food choices among overweight/obese adolescents.
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Thornton, Lukar E., Robert W. Jeffery, and David A. Crawford. "Barriers to avoiding fast-food consumption in an environment supportive of unhealthy eating." Public Health Nutrition 16, no. 12 (November 27, 2012): 2105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980012005083.
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AbstractObjectiveTo investigate factors (ability, motivation and the environment) that act as barriers to limiting fast-food consumption in women who live in an environment that is supportive of poor eating habits.DesignCross-sectional study using self-reports of individual-level data and objectively measured environmental data. Multilevel logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with frequency of fast-food consumption.SettingSocio-economically disadvantaged areas in metropolitan Melbourne, Australia.SubjectsWomen (n 932) from thirty-two socio-economically disadvantaged neighbourhoods living within 3 km of six or more fast-food restaurants. Women were randomly sampled in 2007–2008 as part of baseline data collection for the Resilience for Eating and Activity Despite Inequality (READI) study.ResultsConsuming low amounts of fast food was less likely in women with lower perceived ability to shop for and cook healthy foods, lower frequency of family dining, lower family support for healthy eating, more women acquaintances who eat fast food regularly and who lived further from the nearest supermarket. When modelled with the other significant factors, a lower perceived shopping ability, mid levels of family support and living further from the nearest supermarket remained significant. Among those who did not perceive fruits and vegetables to be of high quality, less frequent fast-food consumption was further reduced for those with the lowest confidence in their shopping ability.ConclusionsInterventions designed to improve women's ability and opportunities to shop for healthy foods may be of value in making those who live in high-risk environments better able to eat healthily.
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Johnson, Laura, Cornelia H. M. van Jaarsveld, and Jane Wardle. "Individual and family environment correlates differ for consumption of core and non-core foods in children." British Journal of Nutrition 105, no. 6 (November 29, 2010): 950–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114510004484.
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Children's diets contain too few fruits and vegetables and too many foods high in saturated fat. Food intake is affected by multiple individual and family factors, which may differ for core foods (that are important to a healthy diet) and non-core foods (that are eaten more for pleasure than health). Data came from a sample of twins aged 11 years (n 342) and their parents from the Twins Early Development Study. Foods were categorised into two types: core (e.g. cereals, vegetables and dairy) and non-core (e.g. fats, crisps and biscuits). Parents' and children's intake was assessed by an FFQ. Mothers' and children's preference ratings and home availability were assessed for each food type. Parental feeding practices were assessed with the child feeding questionnaire and child television (TV) watching was maternally reported. Physical activity was measured using accelerometers. Correlates of the child's consumption of each food type were examined using a complex samples general linear model adjusted for potential confounders. Children's non-core food intake was associated with more TV watching, higher availability and greater maternal intake of non-core foods. Children's core food intake was associated with higher preferences for core foods and greater maternal intake of core foods. These results suggest that maternal intake influences both food types, while preferences affect intake of core foods but not of non-core foods, and availability and TV exposure were only important for non-core food intake. Cross-sectional studies cannot determine causality, but the present results suggest that different approaches may be needed to change the balance of core and non-core foods in children's diets.
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Hammons, Amber J., and Ryan Robart. "Family Food Environment during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study." Children 8, no. 5 (April 29, 2021): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children8050354.
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic, with its cyclical lockdown restrictions and school closures, has influenced family life. The home, work, and school environments have collided and merged to form a new normal for many families. This merging extends into the family food environment, and little is known about how families are currently navigating this landscape. The objective of the present study was to describe families’ adaptations in the family food environment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Parents participated in one of 14 virtual focus groups (conducted in English and Spanish between December 2020 and February 2021). Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyze the transcripts. Results: Forty-eight parents (81% Hispanic and SES diverse) participated. Five themes and one subtheme were identified around changes in eating habits and mealtime frequency, increases in snacking, family connectedness at mealtimes, and use of screens at meals. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic has influenced the family food environment. Families shared how their eating habits have changed and that device usage increased at mealtimes. Some changes (e.g., weight gain) may have lasting health implications for both children and parents. Public health officials, pediatricians, and schools should work with families to resume healthy habits post pandemic.
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Boutelle, Kerri N., Jayne A. Fulkerson, Dianne Neumark-Sztainer, Mary Story, and Simone A. French. "Fast food for family meals: relationships with parent and adolescent food intake, home food availability and weight status." Public Health Nutrition 10, no. 1 (January 2007): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898000721794x.
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AbstractObjectiveThe purpose of the present study was to examine the prevalence of fast-food purchases for family meals and the associations with sociodemographic variables, dietary intake, home food environment, and weight status in adolescents and their parents.DesignThis study is a cross-sectional evaluation of parent interviews and adolescent surveys from Project EAT (Eating Among Teens).SubjectsSubjects included 902 middle-school and high-school adolescents (53% female, 47% male) and their parents (89% female, 11% male). The adolescent population was ethnically diverse: 29% white, 24% black, 21% Asian American, 14% Hispanic and 12% other.ResultsResults showed that parents who reported purchasing fast food for family meals at least 3 times per week were significantly more likely than parents who reported purchasing fewer fast-food family meals to report the availability of soda pop and chips in the home. Adolescents in homes with fewer than 3 fast-food family meals per week were significantly more likely than adolescents in homes with more fast-food family meals to report having vegetables and milk served with meals at home. Fast-food purchases for family meals were positively associated with the intake of fast foods and salty snack foods for both parents and adolescents; and weight status among parents. Fast-food purchases for family meals were negatively associated with parental vegetable intake.ConclusionsFast-food purchases may be helpful for busy families, but families need to be educated on the effects of fast food for family meals and how to choose healthier, convenient family meals.
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Zhang, Rong, Xiaohui Yu, Yingjie Yu, Dandan Guo, Hairong He, Yao Zhao, and Wenli Zhu. "Family Food Environments and Their Association with Primary and Secondary Students’ Food Consumption in Beijing, China: A Cross-Sectional Study." Nutrients 14, no. 9 (May 8, 2022): 1970. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14091970.
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Family is the most fundamental and proximal context for children, and children’s eating behavior occurs mostly in the home or together with family members. With this study, we aimed to evaluate the distribution of family food environment dimensions and their relationship with healthy and unhealthy food consumption in primary and secondary students in order to provide evidence in the Chinese context and explore environmental solutions for improved child nutrition. Multi-stage stratified cluster sampling was used to conduct a cross-sectional survey among students in Beijing, China, from September 2020 to June 2021. Family food environment (FFE) was measured by the validated Family Food Environment Questionnaire for Chinese School-age Children, which was self-administered by the children’s caregivers. The students were asked to answer questions about food consumption frequencies in the past 7 days. Binary logistic regression models were used to investigate the relationships between food consumption frequency and FFE, and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed for independent variables. Among the study population, 9686 students in grades 3–12 and their caregivers completed the survey. The mean score of FFE was 65.7 (±8.4) out of a total possible score of 100, with 76.6% of students categorized as relatively healthier according to their FFE score (≥ 60). Compared with the reference group, students in primary schools and those cared for principally by parents were more likely to be in a healthy FFE category (p < 0.05). Daily consumption of fruits and vegetables was reported by 62.6% and 71.6% of students, respectively, and weekly sugared soft drink consumption was reported by 70.9% of the students. Students with a healthier FFE score (≥60) were more likely to consume fruits (OR = 1.578, 95% CI: 1.428~1.744) and vegetables (OR = 1.402, 95% CI: 1.263~1.556) but less likely to consume sugared soft drinks (OR = 0.592, 95% CI: 0.526~0.667). Family food availability (β = 0.137), caregivers’ nutritional literacy (β = 0.093), meal practices (β = 0.079) and food rules (β = 0.050) were positively correlated with food consumption behavior (p < 0.05). The students with healthier FFE scores (OR = 1.130, 95% CI: 1.014~1.258) and whose caregiver was obese (OR = 2.278, 95% CI: 1.973~2.631) were more likely to be overweight. The family food environment plays an important role in shaping food consumption in children. Provision of healthy foods instead of unhealthy foods, positive meal practices and food rules, and nutrition education for parents can promote healthy eating in children.
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O’Halloran, Siobhan, Gabriel Eksteen, Nadene Polayya, Megan Ropertz, and Marjanne Senekal. "The Food Environment of Primary School Learners in a Low-to-Middle-Income Area in Cape Town, South Africa." Nutrients 13, no. 6 (June 15, 2021): 2043. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13062043.
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Rapid changes in food environments, where less nutritious foods have become cheaper and more accessible, have led to the double burden of malnutrition (DBM). The role food environments have played in shaping the DBM has attained global interest. There is a paucity of food environment research in low-to-middle-income countries. We conducted a case study of the food environments of school aged learners. A primary school in Cape Town was recruited. A multi-method design was used: a home food and eating behaviours questionnaire completed by 102 household respondents and four questions completed by 152 learners; learner participatory photography; a semi-structured school principal interview; a tuckshop inventory; observation of three-day tuckshop purchases. Foods that were commonly present in households: refined carbohydrates, fats/oils, chicken, processed meats, vegetables, fruit, legumes, snacks/drinks. Two thirds of households had rules about unhealthy drinks/snacks, ate supper together and in front of the TV, ate a home cooked meal five–seven times/week and ate breakfast together under two times/week. Vegetables were eaten under two times/week in 45% of households. A majority of learners (84%) took a lunchbox to school. Twenty-five learners photographed their food environment and 15 participated in semi-structured interviews. Six themes emerged: where to buy; what is available in the home; meal composition; family dynamics; peer engagement; food preparation. Items bought at informal food outlets included snacks, drinks and grocery staples. The principal interview revealed the establishment of a healthy school food environment, including a vegetable garden, although unhealthy snacks were sold at the tuckshop. Key dimensions of the food environment that require further investigation in disadvantaged urban and informal settlement areas include the home availability of unhealthy foods, eating behaviours in households and healthfulness of foods sold by informal food outlets.
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Williams, Bethany D., Susan B. Sisson, Emily L. Stinner, Hope N. Hetrick, Marny Dunlap, Jennifer Graef-Downard, Kathrin Eliot, Karla Finnell, and Alicia L. Salvatore. "Quality of Nutrition Environments, Menus and Foods Served, and Food Program Achievement in Oklahoma Family Child Care Homes." Nutrients 13, no. 12 (December 15, 2021): 4483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13124483.
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Child care environments foster children’s healthy eating habits by providing exposure to healthy foods and feeding practices. We assessed the healthfulness of nutrition environments, menu/meal quality, and the achievement of Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP) guidelines and best practices in Oklahoma CACFP-enrolled family child care homes (FCCHs) (n = 51). Two-day classroom observations were conducted. Healthfulness of classroom nutrition environments was assessed using the Environment and Policy Assessment and Observation (EPAO). Foods served to and consumed by children were quantified using the Dietary Observations in Child Care (DOCC) tool. Nutrient analysis was performed to determine total energy for foods listed on menus, served to, and consumed by children. Menu and meal food variety and CACFP Guideline Achievement Scores were determined. Average nutrition environment score was 11.7 ± 1.2 (61.5% of maximum possible score). Energy (kcals) from menus and consumed by children was insufficient to meet two-thirds of their daily reference intake. Children were exposed to 1.7 vegetables and 1.3 fruits per meal. CACFP Guideline Achievement Scores were 66.3% ± 7.8 for menus and 59.3% ± 7.6 for mealtimes. Similar to previous research, our findings indicate a need for improved FCCH nutrition practices. Tailored interventions for FCCHs are needed.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Family food environment"
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Karam, Helen. "The association of family food environment and lifestyle behavior with dietary habits of Quebec children." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66914.
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This cross-sectional study described the dietary and lifestyle habits of Québec children who are at high risk of overweight. Dietary intake was assessed by 24-hour recall; physical activity was evaluated using a 7-day physical activity recall. Dietary measures included energy and nutrient intake, junk food, fast food, fruit and vegetable, soft drink and high sugar drink consumption. The family environment correlates included: breakfast skipping, family supper, restaurant foods, television viewing during supper, children's weight, parents' weight, physical activity level and sedentary behaviour. Children who skipped breakfast had lower calcium and fiber intakes, daughters of obese mothers consumed more soft drinks, boys who watched more television during supper had lower fiber intakes, boys who performed more activities consumed less junk food and more fruits and vegetables, while girls who exercised more had lower intakes of fat. This analysis provides insights into correlates of food intake in children.Cette étude transversale a évalué l'alimentation et l'activité physique des enfants Québecois qui sont à risque d'embonpoint. Les donnés ont ete recueillies à l'aide de trois rappels de 24 heures et d'un questionnaire sur l'activité physique. Les mesures diétetiques incluent: l'énergie, les nutriements, junk food, fast food, légumes et fruits, boissons gazeuses, et boissons sucrées. Les facteurs de l'environnement familial qui influencent l'alimentation incluent: sauter le petit déjeuner, souper avec la famille, regarder la télé pendant le souper, le poids des enfants, le poids des parents, l'activité physique et les habitudes sédentaires. Les enfants qui sautent le petit déjeuner ont un apport plus faible en calcium et fibres, les filles de mères obèses consomment plus de boissons gazeuses, les garcons qui regardent la télé frequemment durant le souper ont un apport plus faible en fibres, les garcons plus sportifs ont un apport plus élevé en legumes et fruits et plus faible en junk food, les filles sportives consomment moins de matières grasses. Cette étude a éclairci les determinants de l'alimentation chez les enfants.
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Carter, Megan Ann. "Do Childhood Excess Weight and Family Food Insecurity Share Common Risk Factors in the Local Environment? An Examination Using a Quebec Birth Cohort." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23801.
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Background: Childhood excess weight and family food insecurity are food-system related public health problems that exist in Canada. Since both relate to issues of food accessibility and availability, which have elements of “place”, they may share common risk factors in the local environment that are amenable to intervention. In this area of research, the literature derives mostly from a US context, and there is a dearth of high quality evidence, specifically from longitudinal studies.
Objectives: The main objectives of this thesis were to examine the adjusted associations between the place factors: material deprivation, social deprivation, social cohesion, disorder, and living location, with change in child BMI Z-score and with change in family food insecurity status in a Canadian cohort of children.
Methods: The Québec Longitudinal Study of Child Development was used to meet the main objectives of this thesis. Response data from six collection cycles (4 – 10 years of age) were used in three main analyses. The first analysis examined change in child BMI Z-score as a function of the place factors using mixed models regression. The second analysis examined change in child BMI Z-score as a function of place factors using group-based trajectory modeling. The third and final analysis examined change in family food insecurity status as a function of the place factors using generalized estimating equations.
Results: Social deprivation, social cohesion and disorder were strongly and positively associated with family food insecurity, increasing the odds by 45-76%. These place factors, on the other hand, were not consistently associated with child weight status. Material deprivation was not important for either outcome, except for a slight positive association in the mixed models analysis of child weight status. Living location was not important in explaining family food insecurity. On the other hand, it was associated with child weight status in both analyses, but the nature of the relationship is still unclear.
Conclusions: Results do not suggest that addressing similar place factors may alleviate both child excess weight and family food insecurity. More high quality longitudinal and experimental studies are needed to clarify relationships between the local environment and child weight status and family food insecurity.
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Gardner, Becky M. "Increasing preschool children's acceptance of vegetables." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1187286405.
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Baho, Sally. "THE ROLE OF FOOD AND CULINARY CUSTOMS IN THE HOMING PROCESS FOR SYRIAN MIGRANTS IN CALIFORNIA." Scholarly Commons, 2020. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3687.
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This interdisciplinary thesis explores the foodways of six Syrian migrant families, both immigrants and refugees, in California and the role that culinary customs play in their homing process. The homing process is the dynamic way in which people create home according to their life circumstances: food, eating, and culinary customs after migration in this case. Home is not only the place where people live, but also, where they come from and how they feel comfortable; home is both a physical space and an abstract concept. Home, and the various definitions of home, are mapped out in this project because understanding these various meanings allows for a clear understanding of the homing process for migrants. To explore Syrian migrants’ foodways in California, I conducted interviews with these six families, and, in analyzing the interviews, chose four salient culinary customs to demonstrate the role of foodways in the homing process. The four culinary customs are: the distinct morning coffee ritual; mealtimes and meal routines imposed by work or school; lunch as the day’s main meal, which must be tabekh (cooked food); and the importance of handmade food. Taken together, the consistent patterns followed, and energy devoted towards food and culinary customs provide evidence that effort expended in maintaining customary foodways is effort in recreating home. This project adds to existing scholarship on the relationship between foodways and migrant communities’ identity maintenance in that it demonstrates a unique and particular devotion to the rhythm and ritual of foodways that allows Syrians to not only make a new home, but to also feel at home in a new land.
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Campbell, Karen Jane, and karen campbell@deakin edu au. "Family food environments as determinants of children's eating: Implications for obesity prevention." Deakin University. School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, 2004. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20061207.120915.
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The prevalence of childhood obesity is escalating rapidly and it considered to be a major public health problem. Diet is a recognised precursor of fatness, and current evidence supports the premise that in Westernised countries, the dietary intakes of children are likely to be important in obesity genesis. However, we have a relatively poor understanding of the environments in which a childs eating is learnt and maintained. Much of the existing work in this area is based on small-scale or experimental studies, or has been derived from homogeneous populations within the USA. Despite these limitations, there is evidence that aspects of the childs family environment are likely to be important in determining obesity risk in children.
This thesis examines the impact of the family food environment on a childs eating through two related studies. The first study, titled the Children and Family Eating (CAFÉ) study comprised three phases. Phase one involved qualitative interviews with 17 parents of 5-6 year-old children to explore parental perceptions regarding those factors in a childs environment believed to influence the development of their childs eating habits. These interviews were used to inform the development of quantitative measures of the family food environment. The second phase involved the development of a Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) to assess dietary intake in 5-6 year-olds. The FFQ was informed by analysis of 1995 Australian National Nutrition Survey data. In the final phase the relationships between dietary intakes of 5-6 year-old children, and potential predictors of dietary intake were examined in a cross-sectional study of 560 families. Predictors included measures of: parental perceptions of the adequacy of their childs diet; food availability and accessibility; child-feeding; the opportunities for parental modelling of food intake; a childs television exposure; maternal Body Mass Index; and maternal education. Analysis of the CAFÉ data provides unique information regarding the relationships between a childs family food environment and their food consumption. Models developed for a range of dietary outcomes considered to be predictive of increased risk for obesity, including total energy and fat intakes, vegetable variety, vegetable consumption, and high-energy (non-dairy) fluid consumption, explained between 11 and 20 percent of the variance in dietary intake. Two aspects of the family food environment, parental perception of a childs dietary adequacy, and the total minutes of television viewed per day, were frequently found to be predictive of dietary outcomes likely to promote fatness in these children.
The second study, titled the Parent Education and Support (PEAS) Feeding Intervention Study, was a prospective pre/post non-randomised intervention trial that assessed the impact of a feeding intervention to 240 first-time mothers of one-year-old children. This intervention focused on one aspect of the family food environment, child-feeding, which has been proposed as influential in the development of obesogenic eating behaviours. In this study, Maternal and Child Health Nurses (MCHNs), using a Division of Responsibility model of feeding, taught parents to provide nutritious food at regular intervals and to let children decide if to eat and how much to eat. Thus parents were encourages to food their child without exerting pressure, or employing coercion or rewards (controlling behaviours). The aim was to influence parental attitudes and beliefs regarding child-feeding. Through the use of these feeding techniques, this intervention also aimed to increase the variety of fruits and vegetables a child consumed by teaching parents to persist with offering these foods, over the year of the intervention, in non-emotive environments. Fruits and vegetables were chosen in this intervention because they are likely to be protective in the development of obesity. Analysis of the PEAS data suggests that this low-level feeding intervention, delivered through existing Maternal and Child Health services, was modestly effective in changing parental attitudes and beliefs regarding the feeding of young children. Further, the validity of fruits offered to intervention group children increased.
This thesis expands the existing knowledge base by providing a comprehensive analysis of the relative impact of aspects of the family environment on dietary intakes of 5-6 year-olds. Further, the analysis of a feeding intervention in first-time parents provides important insights regarding the potential to influence child-feeding and the impact this may have on the promotion of eating behaviours protective against obesity.
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Holsinger, Amanda Joy Toscano. "Are Nutrition and Food Security Concerns a Priority of Certified Nursing Assistants in Work and Family Environments?" Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31932.
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Certified Nursing Assistants (CNAs) are responsible for the care of Americaâ s aging population. CNAs are paid a miniscule amount of money and are often ineligible for medical benefits through their employers. CNAs bathe, change, feed, and help toilet the residents of long-term care facilities. The stressful work and personal lives of CNAs leads to many problems such as high turnover rates, absenteeism, health problems, and elder abuse. In the United States, food insecurity is a concern for many of the uninsured working poor. The purpose of this study was to assess the overall perceived concerns, barriers, and solutions of CNAs in both their work and family environments, identify where nutrition and food security fits into the priorities of CNAs, and identify educational strategies to improve their health and overall quality of life. Twenty-nine CNAs participated in six focus groups across the state of Virginia. Triangulation techniques were used to compare both qualitative (focus groups) and quantitative (participatory activities and questionnaires) research. Participatory activities showed that the top home concern of CNAs was money management. CNAs ranked keeping their family healthy fourth (9.6%), and they ranked preparing fast easy meals eighth (1.7%). The top work concern of CNAs was time management. Staying healthy at work ranked fourth (12.9%), while packing a nutritious lunch was sixth (3.4%). The preferred methods of education for the participants were watching videotapes, attending classes at a central location, and having a mentor to help them with their problems.Master of Science
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Powell, Faye. "Family environmental influences on food avoidant eating behaviour during early childhood : a longitudinal and observational study." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12554.
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A prospective, longitudinal and observational study, using a non-clinical population of mother-child dyads was conducted to evaluate the contribution of family-environmental factors in predicting child food avoidance and feeding problems across early childhood. The contribution of maternal feeding practices, mealtime structure and interactional behaviour during mealtimes, were explored in predicting child food avoidance between 2 and 5 years, whilst also evaluating the role of maternal psychopathology and child temperament. This thesis also assessed the validity of maternal reports of child eating behaviour and feeding practices by obtaining independent observations of these constructs, and explored the longitudinal stability and continuity of both independent observations and maternal reports of child eating behaviour and maternal feeding practices. Concurrently and prospectively, observations of mothers eating with their child, displaying high sensitivity, low control, and more positive emotion and verbalisation during mealtimes predicted less avoidant child eating behaviour. Reports of mothers providing a healthy food-related home environment, encouraging balanced food intake, and involving their child in food planning, in addition to a less emotional child temperament, were also significant longitudinal predictors of less avoidant child eating behaviour. Maternal descriptions of their child s eating behaviour were validated by independent observations; however maternal descriptions of their own feeding practices were not. Child eating behaviour and maternal feeding practices were predominantly stable and continuous across early childhood, with the exception of child difficulty to feed and maternal pressure to eat which decreased between the ages of 3 and 4. This thesis demonstrates many interesting and novel findings but primarily through the utilisation of observational and longitudinal data it demonstrates the important causal contribution of family-environmental factors in the development of food avoidant eating behaviours during early childhood.
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Wahlberg, Jeanette. "Environmental determinants associated with Type 1 diabetes-related autoantibodies in children /." Linköping : Linköpings universitet, 2005. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2005/med922s.pdf.
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Silva, Maria de Fátima Santos. "Limites e contribuições da educação ambiental e da agricultura de base agroecológica no extremo sul do Brasil: o projeto de agricultura urbana e periurbana em Rio Grande e São José do norte (RS)." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FURG, 2013. http://repositorio.furg.br/handle/1/6004.
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A Educação Ambiental, em sua vertente transformadora, tem papel importante para a concretização de processos formativos e práticas relacionadas à constituição da agricultura de base agroecológica e a busca por Justiça Ambiental e Soberania Alimentar. Nesse sentido, a presente tese é resultado de um estudo efetivado junto/com os agricultores envolvidos no Projeto de Agricultura Urbana e Peri-Urbana realizado pelo Núcleo de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (NUDESE/FURG) no biênio 2008/2009 e que apresentava como proposta a transição agroecológica. As políticas públicas relacionadas à questão da fome e produção de alimentos no Brasil defendem a Agricultura Urbana e Periurbana como uma prática que pode garantir a Segurança Alimentar das populações, mas essa é uma questão que carece ser problematizada e se configura no cerne do problema de pesquisa aqui desenvolvido. Então, partindo das leituras e pesquisas empíricas realizadas essa assertiva é confrontada tomando por base os fundamentos e princípios da Educação Ambiental Transformadora. A tese afirmada é a de que para além dos limites impostos pelo Capitalismo, o desenvolvimento de uma agricultura de base agroecológica – que traz em seu bojo a diversificação da produção e a criação de espaços de formação junto aos agricultores – contribui para a garantia de avanços na busca pela Soberania Alimentar. Além disso, possibilita espaços formativos importantes para a necessária aproximação entre a teoria e as práticas/ações desenvolvidas no campo da Educação Ambiental e da Agroecologia. Os objetivos do estudo foram identificar as mudanças/permanências na forma de organização da produção agrícola de base agroecológica realizadas pelas famílias; apontar os aspectos limitantes e as potencialidades do Projeto e analisar os desafios das ações da Educação Ambiental em sua vertente transformadora frente tal contexto, no que se refere às mudanças nas/das condições materiais e subjetivas que constituem a agricultura de base familiar. A metodologia desenvolvida na pesquisa partiu da revisão bibliográfica, envolvendo a observação participante e a realização de entrevistas. No que tange à discussão/reflexão dos dados/fontes utilizou-se da Análise Textual Discursiva. A partir do estudo realizado, cabe afirmar, corroborando para a ratificação da tese, que as ações desenvolvidas pelo NUDESE, seja no que se refere ao processo formativo ou voltadas à transição agroecológica, foram fundamentais na constituição de espaços de esperança/possibilidades de mudança das condições de injustiça socioambientais hodiernas. De toda sorte, há aspectos que limitaram a proposta em questão e que corroboram para a reafirmação da necessidade de superação do Capitalismo. Esse é o caso da não continuidade de financiamento do Projeto por parte do Ministério do Desenvolvimento Social e Combate à Fome (MDS); a falta de dialogo e articulação mais intensa com o Poder Público Municipal em ambas as cidades estudadas; os problemas estruturais que estão presentes nas feiras livres; a ausência de discussões fundamentais ao longo do processo formativo desenvolvido pelo NUDESE, como é o caso da crítica a forma de organização da produção atual, e seus limites, a relação estabelecida entre os homens entre si e desses com a natureza da qual fazem parte e o protagonismo que os agricultores devem ter com relação às mudanças em sua forma de produzir e viver em um processo como esse.
This dissertation was based on a study carried out with farmers involved in the Urban and Peri-urban Agriculture Project which was developed by the Núcleo de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social at the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (NUDESE/FURG), located in Rio Grande, RS, Brazil, in 2008 and 2009. Results show that, beyond the limits imposed by capitalism, the development of Agroecologybased agriculture – which means the diversification of production and the elaboration of educational programs for farmers – has contributed to ensure advances in the search for Food Sovereignty. Furthermore, it has become an important space to discuss and work in Transformative Environmental Education in order to intertwine its theory and its effective practice/action along with the farmers. This study aimed at verifying whether the development of the proposal contributed to ensure the families’ Food Sovereignty and at identifying the limits and possibilities of this action regarding changes it generated and reflections/actions that helped to overcome Environmental Injustice which has been experienced as a whole nowadays. Besides, this research has three specific objectives, namely: to identify changes, if any, in the organization of the families’ Agroecology-based agricultural production; to show the limits and the potentiality the Project has; and to analyze the challenges of actions in Environmental Education in its transformative trend in this context, regarding changes in the material and subjective conditions that constitute family farming. The methodology comprised a literature review, participant observation and interviews with the farmers. Discursive Textual Analysis was used to discuss and reflect upon the data and sources. Actions developed by NUDESE, in terms of the educational process and practices that aim at agroecological transition, were fundamental to create spaces where hope and changes may happen, as opposed to the form of economic organization that prevails these days by defending the interests of agribusiness, rather than little units of family farming. However, there were aspects that limited the actions under investigation and that corroborated the need to cope with capitalism. One of them was the reason why the Project was not funded by the Ministério do Desenvolvimento Social e Combate à Fome (MDS) anymore. In addition, this study pointed out the lack of dialogue and close interaction with the City Government in both cities under study, structural problems faced in street fairs and the lack of discussion throughout the educational program developed by NUDESE concerning the criticism aimed at the organization of the current production, the limits of capitalism, the relations that humans have established among themselves and with nature they live in and, finally, the farmers’ participation in changes related to how they can produce and life in a process like this one.
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"Determinants of the Home Food Environment." Master's thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.14894.
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abstract: Determining the factors associated with the availability of healthy and unhealthy foods in the household may help in understanding the varying complexities that contribute to obesity among children and help design interventions to impact children's food consumption behaviors. This study examined factors that are associated with the availability of healthy and unhealthy foods in children's home food environments (HFE). Data was collected from a random-digit-dial telephone survey of 1708 households, with at least one child between 3-18 years of age, located in five low-income New Jersey cities. HFE was assessed based on responses to a set of six items that measured availability of specific healthy and unhealthy foods in the respondent's home. These items contributed to construction of three HFE scales used as dependent variables in these analyses: healthy HFE, unhealthy HFE, and a ratio of healthy to unhealthy foods in the HFE. Independent variables included household socio-demographics, parental perceptions of their own weight and diet health, frequency of family meals, proximity to food outlets, and perception of access to healthy foods in the neighborhood food environment. Significant differences were observed in the HFE by race and ethnicity, with Non-Hispanic black children having fewer healthy foods and Non-Hispanic white children having more unhealthy food items available at home. Parents who reported being overweight or obese had a healthier HFE and those perceiving their own eating as healthy had more healthy and less unhealthy foods in the household. Food-secure households had more unhealthy compared to healthy foods at home. Households located farther from a supermarket had a greater number of unhealthy food items and a lower healthy/unhealthy food availability ratio. Parental perception of better access to fruits and vegetables and low-fat foods was associated with availability of a greater number of healthy food items at home. Overall, the HFE varied by parental and demographic characteristics, parental perceptions about the food environment and the actual features of the built neighborhood food environment.Dissertation/Thesis
M.S. Nutrition 2012
Books on the topic "Family food environment"
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Jean, Monro, ed. Chemical children: How to protect your family from harmful pollutants. London: Century, 1987.
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Program, Maryland Power Plant Research. Environmental review of the Allen Family Foods/CHx Engineering Cogeneration Project. Annapolis, MD: Maryland Department of Natural Resources, Power Plant Research Program, 2002.
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Greening your family: A reference guide to safe food, personal care & cleaning products. Portsmouth, N.H: Peter E. Randall Publisher, 2009.
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Berkson, Lindsey. Hormone deception: How everyday foods and products are disrupting your hormones and how to protect yourself and your family. Chicago, Ill: Contemporary, 2002.
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Berkson, Lindsey. Hormone deception: How everyday foods and products are disrupting your hormones--and how to protect yourself and your family. Lincolnwood, Ill: Contemporary Books, 2000.
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Berkson, Lindsey. Hormonal deception: How everyday products are disrupting your hormones-- and how to protect yourself and your family. Lincolnwood, Ill: Contemporary Books, 2000.
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Vaarst, Mette. The Rwenzori experience: The farmer family learning group approach to human and social capital building, environmental care, and food sovereignty. Penang, Malaysia: Third World Network, 2012.
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The food-mood connection: Nutritional and environmental approaches to mental health and physical wellbeing. 2nd ed. New York: Seven Stories Press, 2008.
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Moench, Mel. Planet earth home: Introducing the functional, efficient, ecologically balanced, need-oriented, energy-independent, food-independent, simple, durable, non-polluting, single family, universal, minimal existence, living system built in the image of nature itself. Buffalo, MN: Osprey Press, 1995.
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Raising less corn, more hell: The case for the independent farm and against industrial food. New York: Public Affairs, 2005.
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Robinson, Nigel J., Sadjuga, and Quentin J. Groom. "The froh gene family from Arabidopsis thaliana: Putative iron-chelate reductases." In Plant Nutrition for Sustainable Food Production and Environment, 191–94. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0047-9_44.
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Körükcü, Öznur, and Kamile Kabukcuoğlu. "Health Promotion Among Home-Dwelling Elderly Individuals in Turkey." In Health Promotion in Health Care – Vital Theories and Research, 313–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63135-2_22.
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AbstractAlthough the social structure of Turkish society has changed from a broad family order to a nuclear family, family relations still hold an important place, where traditional elements dominate. Still, elderly people are cared for by their family in their home environment. Thus, the role of family members is crucial in taking care of elderly individuals. In Turkey, the responsibility of care is largely on women; the elderly’s wife, daughter, or daughter-in-law most often provides the care. Family members who provide care need support so that they can maintain their physical, psychological and mental health. At this point, Antonovsky’s salutogenic health model represents a positive and holistic approach to support individual’s health and coping. The salutogenic understanding of health emphasizes both physical, psychological, social, spiritual and cultural resources which can be utilized not only to avoid illness, but to promote health.With the rapidly increasing ageing population globally, health expenditures and the need for care are increasing accordingly. This increase reveals the importance of health-promoting practices in elderly care, which are important for the well-being and quality of life of older individuals and their families, as well as cost effectiveness. In Turkey, the emphasis on health-promoting practices is mostly focused in home-care services including examination, treatment, nursing care, medical care, medical equipment and device services, psychological support, physiotherapy, follow-up, rehabilitation services, housework (laundry, shopping, cleaning, food), personal care (dressing, bathroom, and personal hygiene help), 24-h emergency service, transportation, financial advice and training services within the scope of the social state policy for the elderly 65 years and older, whereas medical management of diseases serves elderly over the age of 85. In the Turkish health care system, salutogenesis can be used in principle for two aims: to guide health-promotion interventions in health care practice, and to (re)orient health care practice and research. The salutogenic orientation encompasses all elderly people independently of their position on the ease-/dis-ease continuum. This chapter presents health-promotion practices in the care of elderly home-dwelling people living in Turkey.
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Fitzsimons, William. "Social Responses to Climate Change in a Politically Decentralized Context: A Case Study from East African History." In Perspectives on Public Policy in Societal-Environmental Crises, 145–59. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-94137-6_10.
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AbstractOver the past 3,000 years, speakers of the Ateker family of languages in East Africa chose various strategies to respond to periods of climate change including the end of the African Humid Period and the Medieval Climate Anomaly. Some Ateker people made wholesale changes to food production, adopting transhumant pastoralism or shifting staple crops, while others migrated to wetter lands. All borrowed new economic and social idea from neighbors. These climate-induced changes in turn had profound social and political ramifications marked by an investment in resilient systems for decentralizing power, such as age-classes and neighborhood congresses. By integrating evidence from historical linguistics and oral traditions with paleoclimatological data, this paper explores how a group of stateless societies responded to climate change. It also considers whether these cases complicate concepts such as “collapse” and “resilience” that are derived from analyses of mostly state-centric climate histories.
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Nzengya, Daniel M., and John K. Maguta. "Gendered Vulnerability to Climate Change Impacts in Selected Counties in Kenya." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1–18. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42091-8_169-1.
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AbstractExtreme climate change events such as frequent and prolonged droughts or floods associated with climate change can be very disruptive to peoples’ livelihoods particularly in rural settings, where people rely on the immediate environment for livelihood. Shocks in the people’s livelihoods can trigger diverse responses that include migration as a coping or adaption strategy. Migration takes many forms depending on the context and resources availability. Very few studies in Kenya have used qualitative analysis to bring up women’s voices in relation to gender, climate change, and migration, especially along hydrological gradient. This chapter presents results of qualitative research conducted from 58 participants in 2018 in three counties in Kenya, namely, Kiambu County, Machakos, and Makueni. The study sought to examine gender perceptions related to climate-induced migration, that is: whether climate change is perceived to be affecting women’s livelihood differently from that of men; examine in what ways experiences of climate induced migration differed for men and women; explore perceptions on the county government efforts to cope with climate-induced migration; and examine perceptions of the role of nongovernmental agencies in helping citizens cope with climate change. From the results obtained on ways in which climate change affected women livelihoods more than men had four themes: (1) women exerted more strain in domestic chores, child/family care, and in the farm labor; (2) women also experienced more time demands. The sources of water and firewood were getting more scarce leading to women travel long distances in search to fetch water and firewood; (3) reduced farm yields, hence inadequate food supply; and (4) the effects of time and strain demands on women was a contributory factor to women poor health and domestic conflicts. Several measures that the county government could take to assist women to cope with climate change-induced migration had five themes which include the following: (1) developing climate change mitigations, and reducing deforestation; (2) increasing water harvesting and storage; (3) develop smart agriculture through the use of drought-resistant crops and drought mitigation education; (4) encourage diversification of livelihoods; and finally (5) providing humanitarian assistance to the most vulnerable populations such as orphans and the very poor. Thirdly, the measures mentioned that NGO’s could take to assist rural communities to cope with climate change-induced migration did not vary significantly from those mentioned for county government, except probably for a new theme of increasing advocacy for climate adaption policies.
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Nzengya, Daniel M., and John Kibe Maguta. "Gendered Vulnerability to Climate Change Impacts in Selected Counties in Kenya." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2045–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_169.
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AbstractExtreme climate change events such as frequent and prolonged droughts or floods associated with climate change can be very disruptive to peoples’ livelihoods particularly in rural settings, where people rely on the immediate environment for livelihood. Shocks in the people’s livelihoods can trigger diverse responses that include migration as a coping or adaption strategy. Migration takes many forms depending on the context and resources availability. Very few studies in Kenya have used qualitative analysis to bring up women’s voices in relation to gender, climate change, and migration, especially along hydrological gradient. This chapter presents results of qualitative research conducted from 58 participants in 2018 in three counties in Kenya, namely, Kiambu County, Machakos, and Makueni. The study sought to examine gender perceptions related to climate-induced migration, that is: whether climate change is perceived to be affecting women’s livelihood differently from that of men; examine in what ways experiences of climate induced migration differed for men and women; explore perceptions on the county government efforts to cope with climate-induced migration; and examine perceptions of the role of nongovernmental agencies in helping citizens cope with climate change. From the results obtained on ways in which climate change affected women livelihoods more than men had four themes: (1) women exerted more strain in domestic chores, child/family care, and in the farm labor; (2) women also experienced more time demands. The sources of water and firewood were getting more scarce leading to women travel long distances in search to fetch water and firewood; (3) reduced farm yields, hence inadequate food supply; and (4) the effects of time and strain demands on women was a contributory factor to women poor health and domestic conflicts. Several measures that the county government could take to assist women to cope with climate change-induced migration had five themes which include the following: (1) developing climate change mitigations, and reducing deforestation; (2) increasing water harvesting and storage; (3) develop smart agriculture through the use of drought-resistant crops and drought mitigation education; (4) encourage diversification of livelihoods; and finally (5) providing humanitarian assistance to the most vulnerable populations such as orphans and the very poor. Thirdly, the measures mentioned that NGO’s could take to assist rural communities to cope with climate change-induced migration did not vary significantly from those mentioned for county government, except probably for a new theme of increasing advocacy for climate adaption policies.
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Whalen, Christian. "Article 24: The Right to Health." In Monitoring State Compliance with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, 205–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84647-3_22.
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AbstractArticle 24 reflects the perspective of the drafters that the right to health cannot be understood in narrow bio-medical terms or limited to the delivery of health services. Rather, in its reference, for example, to food, water, sanitation, and environmental dangers, it recognises the wider social and economic factors that influence and impact on the child’s state of health. Thus, the text of Article 24 sets out: a broad right to health for all children combined with a right of access to health services a priority focus on measures to address infant and child mortality, the provision of primary health care, nutritious food and clean drinking water, pre-natal and post-natal care, and preventive health care, including family planning the need for effective measures to abolish traditional practices harmful to children’s health a specific obligation on States Parties to cooperate internationally towards the realisation of the child’s right to health everywhere, having particular regard to the needs of developing countries. The right to health is a prime example of the interelatedness of child rights as it is contingent upon and informed by the realization of so many other rights guaranteed to children under the convention. This chapter analyses the child’s right to health in relation to four essential attributes. The first attribute of the child’s right to the highest attainable standard of health emphasizes what an exacting standard this human rights norm contains. Taking a social determinants of health perspective the right entails not just access to health services but programmatic supports in sanitation, transportation, education and other fields to guarantee the enjoyment of health. The second attribute focuses on the Basic minimum criteria of the right to health as reflected in Article 24(2). A third attribute is the insistence upon child health accountability mechanisms using the Availability, Accessibility, Acceptability and Quality Accountability Framework. Finally, given the wide discrepancies in enjoyment of children’s right to health across the globe, a fourth attribute focuses upon international cooperation to ensure equal access to the right to health.
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Muddiman, Esther, Sally Power, Chris Taylor, Esther Muddiman, Sally Power, and Chris Taylor. "Politicising family food practices." In Civil Society and the Family, 141–58. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447355526.003.0008.
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This chapter describes the role of family mealtimes and shared food practices in fostering skills and values that may be of benefit to civil society. A number of scholars have emphasised the importance of food and mealtimes for family life, and the chapter extends this argument by outlining the ways in which skills and values developed in family food spaces can shape and inform political and civic activities. Indeed, the relationship between families and food is one of the most socially significant, highly charged, and politically contested issues in contemporary Britain. The chapter then demonstrates how shared family meals provide an important environment for civic and political socialisation. It also considers the provision of food itself as symbolic of care both within and beyond the family home, before turning to moral and ethical values attributed to certain foods.
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Pedro, Sérgio. "Family Farming, the Environment and the Global Food Chain." In Research in Political Economy, 189–214. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/s0161-723020180000033008.
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Gahukar, R. T. "Edible Insects Farming: Efficiency and Impact on Family Livelihood, Food Security, and Environment Compared With Livestock and Crops." In Insects as Sustainable Food Ingredients, 85–111. Elsevier, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-802856-8.00004-1.
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"Population, Environment, and Women’s Issues." In Environmental Toxicology, edited by Sigmund F. Zakrzewski. Oxford University Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195148114.003.0019.
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Ultimately, the necessity to supply food, energy, habitat, infrastructure, and consumer goods for the ever-growing population is responsible for the demise of the environment. Remedial actions for pollution abatement, and further technological progress toward energy efficiency, development of new crops, and improvements in manufacturing processes may help to mitigate the severity of environmental deterioration. However, we can hardly hope for restoration of a clean environment, improvement in human health, and an end to poverty without arresting the continuous growth of the world population. According to the United Nations count, world population reached 6 billion in mid October 1999 (1). The rate of population growth and the fertility rates by continent, as well as in the United States and Canada, are presented in Table 14.1. It can be seen that the fastest population growth occurs in the poorest countries of the world. Despite the worldwide decrease in fertility rates between 1975–80 period and that of 1995–2000, the rate of population growth in most developing countries changed only slightly due to the demographic momentum, which means that because of the high fertility rates in the previous decades, the number of women of childbearing age had increased. Historically, the preference for large families in the developing nations was in part a result of either cultural or religious traditions. In some cases there were practical motivations, as children provided helping hands with farm chores and a security in old age. At present the situation is changing. A great majority of governments of the developing countries have recognized that no improvement of the living standard of their citizens will ever be possible without slowing the explosive population growth. By 1985, a total of 70 developing nations had either established national family planning programs, or provided support for such programs conducted by nongovernmental agencies; now only four of the world’s 170 countries limit access to family planning services. As result, 95% of the developing world population lives in countries supporting family planning. Consequently, the percentage of married couples using contraceptives increased from less than 10% in 1960 to 57% in 1997.
Conference papers on the topic "Family food environment"
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Jezewska-Zychowicz, Marzena. "Cooking Methods, Social Relations and Situations Related to Food as a Part of Nutrition Education within Family." In Rural environment. Education. Personality. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Engineering. Institute of Education and Home Economics, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/reep.2018.032.
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Mulyaningsih, Asih, Suherna, and Gugun Gunawan. "Gender Justice and Equality in Rice Farming Friendly Environment in Realizing Family Food Security." In 2nd and 3rd International Conference on Food Security Innovation (ICFSI 2018-2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/absr.k.210304.035.
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Pelegrino, Paulo Sergio, and Alessandra Maria Felipe. "Co-Vivências, a residence model for the elderly that integrates specialized care and family living for active longevity. “Neurology Startups”." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.434.
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The institutionalization of the elderly is very strongly related to the diseases and complications associated with cognitive and functional impairment present in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, other dementias, and stroke sequelae. The institutionalization of elderly people represents an aid to families. On the other hand, it has been a factor related to the worsening in cognition and functionality when compared to those who remain in their social environment and family life. The different modalities of long-term care facilities (LTCFs) for the elderly in Brazil contribute a lot to the split between care and family life. The present work aims to propose a new model of real estate development, linked to the provision of specialized care without the deprivation of family life and relationship and produce greater benefits in terms of maintaining cognition, autonomy, and independence among the elderly. The future developments proposed here will consist of buildings with apartments of varying sizes according to the needs of families, adequate accessibility, differentiated circulation to facilitate access and proximity of caregivers to the elderly and to reduce the physical distance of the elderly to the assistance and coexistence spaces. They will be equipped with assistance rooms for multiprofessional service and rehabilitation, areas for food, leisure and socializing among the elderly. The Startup will bring together real estate and construction companies, developers, investors and elderly care providers, and will be responsible for the projects, their execution and monitoring. The resources for the construction come from investors, the housing will be allocated to families with elderly people and other sources will come from the provision of care and services offered to the elderly by specialized companies. In addition to the benefits for the elderly and their families, the interaction between different economic sectors and dividend production is promoted.
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MĂRĂCINE, Daniela. "SUBSISTENCE AND SEMI-SUBSISTENCE FARMS SECTOR IN ROMANIA." In Competitiveness of Agro-Food and Environmental Economy. Editura ASE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/cafee/2019/8/22.
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The current rural development policy from 2014-2020, both at national and European level, affirms and supports the strengthening of the agricultural family sector as a guarantee for food security and safety and for maintaining rural social structures. During this programming period it is considered that subsistence and semi-subsistence farms can contribute to the dynamics of the territory, spatial planning and valorization of disadvantaged areas, promotion of local traditions and preservation of biological and cultural heritage. Family farms remain the best means for ensuring sustainable management of natural resources and biodiversity and preserving authentic rural life and sustainability of food production.
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JELOČNIK, Marko, Lana NASTIĆ, and Jonel SUBIĆ. "PROCESSING OF PORK MEAT IN THE FUNCTION OF VALUE-ADDED CREATION AT THE FAMILY FARMS." In Competitiveness of Agro-Food and Environmental Economy. Editura ASE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/cafee/2020/9/10.
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Creation of value-added at the farms could play great role in strengthening of their economic sustainability. Serbia has long tradition in pig farming. This subsector of agriculture in last few decades is facing the negative trend in production capacities (decrease in active farms and number of pigs) and it is mainly based on economically weak family farms characterized by small number of pigs. On the other hand it is obvious the strengthening of their specialization to pig farming. This line of agricultural production is specifically under the higher production risks mainly influenced by pork cycle and some market risks. Thus, the often and expressed price oscillation affects primarily the sustainability of small farms, disabling the proper planning of production and endangering their survival. Processing of pork meat at small family farms could be a good solution for income stabilization, where created value added could induce better competitiveness of the farms. The main goal of the paper is to present the economic potential of the conduction of pork meat processing at small family farms, in scenarios with or without of employment of external labour. In this context, it was used the analytical calculations based on variable costs (contribution margin). Gained results show that comparing to pig growing, organization of mentioned activity will significantly increase the farm incomes in both cases, impacting the many positive effects on farm sustainability.
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Ullmann, Tai. "Sustainability opportunities in edible oils and fats supply chain." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/doyk7304.
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At Cargill, our ambition is to build the most sustainable food supply chains in the world. From small family farms to global shipping lanes, Cargill works every day to implement new sustainable practices to reduce our impact on the planet and protect people. We know that we must address climate change and conserve water and forests, while meeting the rising demand for food. These are complex challenges, but we have overcome many obstacles to keep our food system resilient and we will continue. We feel a deep responsibility to protect the planet and its people, to ensure a cleaner, safer future for generations to come.We’ve set priorities that account for the diverse environmental, social and economic impacts of our business with clear goals to ensure progress in line with what the science says is needed to keep our people and planet thriving:· Climate: reduce greenhouse gas emissions in our operations by 10% by 2025 and reduce emissions in our supply chain by 30% per ton of product sold by 2030.· Land: transform our agricultural supply chains to be deforestation free by 2030· Water: achieve sustainable water management in our operations and all priority watersheds· Human Rights: promote and respect human rights as outlined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and improve the livelihoods of 10 million farmers by 2030 through training insustainable agriculture practices and better access to marketsOur global edible oil solutions are a key part of this ambition. From our new RegenConnect program for soybean oil to our RSPO Segregated palm oil products, we continue to drive sustainability progress against our priorities. But, we cannot do this alone. Through connection and collaboration with farmers, our customers, and global and local communities, we believe our food system will remain resilient.
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Walter, Wayne, and Edward Hensel. "Family-Based Project Approach to Multidisciplinary Senior Design." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-66128.
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During academic year 2006–07, a family of four closely related multi-disciplinary senior design projects was initiated. Each project team consisted of eight undergraduate students. The family of projects has continued during the academic year 2007–08, with three additional design projects comprised of 19 students. The intent of the family of design projects is two-fold. The first objective is to introduce students to the concept of designing a product within the context of a family of closely related products, similar to the approach that a corporation may use in its strategic approach to the marketplace. The second objective is to provide an open-source, open-architecture, modular, and scalable robotic vehicle platform usable by a wide range of researchers within the Kate Gleason College of Engineering looking for a vehicle to position cameras, sensors in networks, and for other data-gathering tasks. Students were given the challenge to design and manufacture a platform based on a single design, scalable across four payload orders of magnitude from 1kg to 1,000kg. The 10kg and 100kg variants were studied in AY2006–07, and the 1kg variant was introduced in AY2007–08. The largest, 1,000kg, planned for the future, will be about the size of a Honda Civic, so safety and fail-safe engineering is important. Each project in the family is expected to build on the technology used and lessons learned from prior and concurrent projects, much like the “next model year” in the auto industry, and information sharing requirements among concurrent engineering teams. Hardware, software, and design methods are reused whenever possible, and students are expected to develop their subsystem in the context of an evolutionary platform design. In this manner, the end-product from one design group becomes the starting point for another team. Responsibilities overlap so teams must work cooperatively, which mimics the industrial environment. Starting times on various projects may be staggered, and students must deal with documentation sharing issues, and preservation of design intent across multiple-project teams and academic terms. The paper will discuss the current status of the program, the lessons learned to-date, and future plans for the program.
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Grant, P. S., S. R. Duncan, A. Roche, and C. F. Johnson. "Scientific, Technological and Economic Aspects of Rapid Tooling by Electric Arc Spray Forming." In ITSC2006, edited by B. R. Marple, M. M. Hyland, Y. C. Lau, R. S. Lima, and J. Voyer. ASM International, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2006p1211.
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Abstract For the last seven years, Oxford University and the Ford Motor Co. have been researching jointly the development of the large-scale spray forming of steel tooling capable for use in mass production, particularly for the pressing of sheet metal in automotive applications. These investigations have involved: comprehensive microstructure and property studies, modelling of shape evolution and heat flow, real-time feedback control of tool temperature to eliminate tool distortion, high speed imaging and particle image velocimetry of droplet deposition on 3D shapes, the testing of full-scale tools for different applications in the production environment, and detailed studies of the cost and time savings realised for different tooling applications. This paper will provide an overview of the scientific and technical progress to date, present latest results, and describe the current state-of-the-art. Many of the insights described have relevance and applicability across the family of thermal spray processes and applications.
Reports on the topic "Family food environment"
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Knibb, Rebecca, Lily Hawkins, and Dan Rigby. Food Sensitive Study: Wave Two Survey. Food Standards Agency, September 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.nyx192.
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Food hypersensitivities (FH) include food allergy, food intolerance and coeliac disease. Food allergy and coeliac disease involve an immune mediated reaction to certain foods; food intolerance is caused by a non-immune mediated reaction (such as an enzymatic or pharmacological effect). Each of these FHs result in unpleasant symptoms if the food is eaten in sufficient quantity, with food allergic reactions sometimes resulting in life-threatening symptoms. Management of FH by an individual or members of their family therefore involves constant vigilance and risk assessment to determine if a food is safe to eat. Research over the last twenty years has demonstrated that this burden, along with the unpredictable nature of FH reactions, has an impact on quality of life (QoL). QoL encompasses our emotions, physical health, the environment we live in, our social networks and day-to-day activities. FH has been shown to have an impact on many of these areas, however there are still research gaps. In particular, many studies focus on children, adolescents or parents rather than the adult population and little is known about those with food intolerances. In order to make a comprehensive characterisation and evaluation of the burden caused by living with FH, the day-to-day management of FH and associated inconveniences, the FSA has commissioned this project, led by Aston University. The project is called the FoodSensitive study and this report relates to findings for workstream one, a survey to assess the impact of FH on QoL. This survey was carried out in two waves, one year apart. This report covers the second wave and a comparison of wave one and two for those participants who completed both waves.
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Journeay, M., J. Z. K. Yip, C. L. Wagner, P. LeSueur, and T. Hobbs. Social vulnerability to natural hazards in Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330295.
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While we are exposed to the physical effects of natural hazard processes, certain groups within a community often bear a disproportionate share of the negative consequences when a disaster strikes. This study addresses questions of why some places and population groups in Canada are more vulnerable to natural hazard processes than others, who is most likely to bear the greatest burden of risk within a given community or region, and what are the underlying factors that disproportionally affect the capacities of individuals and groups to withstand, cope with, and recover from the impacts and downstream consequences of a disaster. Our assessment of social vulnerability is based on principles and analytic methods established as part of the Hazards of Place model (Hewitt et al., 1971; Cutter, 1996), and a corresponding framework of indicators derived from demographic information compiled as part of the 2016 national census. Social determinants of hazard threat are evaluated in the context of backbone patterns that are associated with different types of human settlement (i.e., metropolitan, rural, and remote), and more detailed patterns of land use that reflect physical characteristics of the built environment and related functions that support the day-to-day needs of residents and businesses at the community level. Underlying factors that contribute to regional patterns of social vulnerability are evaluated through the lens of family structure and level of community connectedness (social capital); the ability of individuals and groups to take actions on their own to manage the outcomes of unexpected hazard events (autonomy); shelter conditions that will influence the relative degree of household displacement and reliance on emergency services (housing); and the economic means to sustain the requirements of day-to-day living (e.g., shelter, food, water, basic services) during periods of disruption that can affect employment and other sources of income (financial agency). Results of this study build on and contribute to ongoing research and development efforts within Natural Resources Canada (NRCan) to better understand the social and physical determinants of natural hazard risk in support of emergency management and broader dimensions of disaster resilience planning that are undertaken at a community level. Analytic methods and results described in this study are made available as part of an Open Source platform and provide a base of evidence that will be relevant to emergency planners, local authorities and supporting organizations responsible for managing the immediate physical impacts of natural hazard events in Canada, and planners responsible for the integration of disaster resilience principles into the broader context of sustainable land use and community development at the municipal level.
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Kindt, Roeland, Ian K Dawson, Jens-Peter B Lillesø, Alice Muchugi, Fabio Pedercini, and James M Roshetko. The one hundred tree species prioritized for planting in the tropics and subtropics as indicated by database mining. World Agroforestry, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5716/wp21001.pdf.
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A systematic approach to tree planting and management globally is hindered by the limited synthesis of information sources on tree uses and species priorities. To help address this, the authors ‘mined’ information from 23 online global and regional databases to assemble a list of the most frequent tree species deemed useful for planting according to database mentions, with a focus on tropical regions. Using a simple vote count approach for ranking species, we obtained a shortlist of 100 trees mentioned in at least 10 of our data sources (the ‘top-100’ species). A longer list of 830 trees that were mentioned at least five times was also compiled. Our ‘top-100’ list indicated that the family Fabaceae (syn. Leguminosae) was most common. The information associated with our mined data sources indicated that the ‘top-100’ list consisted of a complementary group of species of differing uses. These included the following: for wood (mostly for timber) and fuel production, human nutrition, animal fodder supply, and environmental service provision (varied services). Of these uses, wood was most frequently specified, with fuel and food use also highly important. Many of the ‘top-100’ species were assigned multiple uses. The majority of the ‘top-100’ species had weediness characteristics according to ‘attribute’ invasiveness databases that were also reviewed, thereby demonstrating potential environmental concerns associated with tree planting that need to be balanced against environmental and livelihood benefits. Less than half of the ‘top-100’ species were included in the OECD Scheme for the Certification of Forest Reproductive Material, thus supporting a view that lack of germplasm access is a common concern for trees. A comparison of the ‘top-100’ species with regionally-defined tree inventories indicated their diverse continental origins, as would be anticipated from a global analysis. However, compared to baseline expectations, some geographic regions were better represented than others. Our analysis assists in priority-setting for research and serves as a guide to practical tree planting initiatives. We stress that this ‘top-100’ list does not necessarily represent tree priorities for the future, but provides a starting point for also addressing representation gaps. Indeed, our primary concern going forward is with the latter.
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Christopher, David A., and Avihai Danon. Plant Adaptation to Light Stress: Genetic Regulatory Mechanisms. United States Department of Agriculture, May 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7586534.bard.
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Original Objectives: 1. Purify and biochemically characterize RB60 orthologs in higher plant chloroplasts; 2. Clone the gene(s) encoding plant RB60 orthologs and determine their structure and expression; 3. Manipulate the expression of RB60; 4. Assay the effects of altered RB60 expression on thylakoid biogenesis and photosynthetic function in plants exposed to different light conditions. In addition, we also examined the gene structure and expression of RB60 orthologs in the non-vascular plant, Physcomitrella patens and cloned the poly(A)-binding protein orthologue (43 kDa RB47-like protein). This protein is believed to a partner that interacts with RB60 to bind to the psbA5' UTR. Thus, to obtain a comprehensive view of RB60 function requires analysis of its biochemical partners such as RB43. Background & Achievements: High levels of sunlight reduce photosynthesis in plants by damaging the photo system II reaction center (PSII) subunits, such as D1 (encoded by the chloroplast tpsbAgene). When the rate of D1 synthesis is less than the rate of photo damage, photo inhibition occurs and plant growth is decreased. Plants use light-activated translation and enhanced psbAmRNA stability to maintain D1 synthesis and replace the photo damaged 01. Despite the importance to photosynthetic capacity, these mechanisms are poorly understood in plants. One intriguing model derived from the algal chloroplast system, Chlamydomonas, implicates the role of three proteins (RB60, RB47, RB38) that bind to the psbAmRNA 5' untranslated leader (5' UTR) in the light to activate translation or enhance mRNA stability. RB60 is the key enzyme, protein D1sulfide isomerase (Pill), that regulates the psbA-RN :Binding proteins (RB's) by way of light-mediated redox potentials generated by the photosystems. However, proteins with these functions have not been described from higher plants. We provided compelling evidence for the existence of RB60, RB47 and RB38 orthologs in the vascular plant, Arabidopsis. Using gel mobility shift, Rnase protection and UV-crosslinking assays, we have shown that a dithiol redox mechanism which resembles a Pill (RB60) activity regulates the interaction of 43- and 30-kDa proteins with a thermolabile stem-loop in the 5' UTR of the psbAmRNA from Arabidopsis. We discovered, in Arabidopsis, the PD1 gene family consists of II members that differ in polypeptide length from 361 to 566 amino acids, presence of signal peptides, KDEL motifs, and the number and positions of thioredoxin domains. PD1's catalyze the reversible formation an disomerization of disulfide bonds necessary for the proper folding, assembly, activity, and secretion of numerous enzymes and structural proteins. PD1's have also evolved novel cellular redox functions, as single enzymes and as subunits of protein complexes in organelles. We provide evidence that at least one Pill is localized to the chloroplast. We have used PDI-specific polyclonal and monoclonal antisera to characterize the PD1 (55 kDa) in the chloroplast that is unevenly distributed between the stroma and pellet (containing membranes, DNA, polysomes, starch), being three-fold more abundant in the pellet phase. PD1-55 levels increase with light intensity and it assembles into a high molecular weight complex of ~230 kDa as determined on native blue gels. In vitro translation of all 11 different Pill's followed by microsomal membrane processing reactions were used to differentiate among PD1's localized in the endoplasmic reticulum or other organelles. These results will provide.1e insights into redox regulatory mechanisms involved in adaptation of the photosynthetic apparatus to light stress. Elucidating the genetic mechanisms and factors regulating chloroplast photosynthetic genes is important for developing strategies to improve photosynthetic efficiency, crop productivity and adaptation to high light environments.
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Ginzberg, Idit, Richard E. Veilleux, and James G. Tokuhisa. Identification and Allelic Variation of Genes Involved in the Potato Glycoalkaloid Biosynthetic Pathway. United States Department of Agriculture, August 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7593386.bard.
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Steroidal glycoalkaloids (SGAs) are secondary metabolites being part of the plant defense response. The two major SGAs in cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum) are α-chaconine and α-solanine, which exhibit strong cellular lytic properties and inhibit acetylcholinesterase activity, and are poisonous at high concentrations for humans. As SGAs are not destroyed during cooking and frying commercial cultivars have been bred to contain low levels, and their content in tubers should not exceed 20 mg/100 g fresh weight. However, environmental factors can increase tuber SGA content above the safe level. The focus of the proposed research was to apply genomic approaches to identify candidate genes that control potato SGA content in order to develop tools for potato improvement by marker-assisted selection and/or transgenic approaches. To this end, the objectives of the proposal included identification of genes, metabolic intermediates and allelic variations in the potato SGAbiosynthetic pathway. The SGAs are biosynthesized by the sterol branch of the mevalonic acid/isoprenoid pathway. Transgenic potato plants that overexpress 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase 1 (HMG1) or squalene synthase 1 (SQS1), key enzymes of the mevalonic acid/isoprenoid pathway, exhibited elevated levels of solanine and chaconine as well as induced expression of genes downstream the pathway. These results suggest of coordinated regulation of isoprenoid (primary) metabolism and SGA secondary metabolism. The transgenic plants were further used to identify new SGA-related candidate genes by cDNA-AFLP approach and a novel glycosyltransferase was isolated. In addition, genes involved in phytosterol biosynthesis may have dual role and synthesize defense-related steroidal metabolites, such as SGAs, via lanosterol pathway. Potato lanosterol synthase sequence (LAS) was isolated and used to prepare transgenic plants with overexpressing and silencing constructs. Plants are currently being analyzed for SGA content. The dynamics of SGA accumulation in the various organs of a potato species with high SGA content gave insights into the general regulation of SGA abundance. Leaf SGA levels in S. chacoense were 10 to 20-fold greater than those of S. tuberosum. The leptines, SGAs with strong antifeedant properties against Colorado potato beetles, were present in all aerial tissues except for early and mid-developmental stages of above ground stolons, and accounted for the high SGA content of S. chacoense. These results indicate the presence of regulatory mechanisms in most tissues except in stolons that limit the levels of α-solanine and α-chaconine and confine leptine accumulation to the aerial tissues. The genomes of cultivated and wild potato contain a 4-member gene family coding for SQS. Three orthologs were cloned as cDNAs from S. chacoense and heterologously expressed in E. coli. Squalene accumulated in all E. coli lines transformed with each of the three gene constructs. Differential transcript abundance in various organs and amino acid sequence differences in the conserved domains of three isoenzymes indicate subfunctionalization of SQS activity and triterpene/sterol metabolism. Because S. chacoense and S. phureja differ so greatly for presence and accumulation of SGAs, we selected four candidate genes from different points along the biosynthetic pathway to determine if chcor phuspecific alleles were associated with SGA expression in a segregating interspecific diploid population. For two of the four genes (HMG2 and SGT2) F2 plants with chcalleles expressed significantly greater total SGAs compared with heterozygotes and those with phualleles. Although there are other determinants of SGA biosynthesis and composition in potato, the ability of allelic states at two genes to affect SGA levels confirms some of the above transgenic work where chcalleles at two other loci altered SGA expression in Desiree. Present results reveal new opportunities to manipulate triterpene/sterol biosynthesis in more targeted ways with the objective of altering SGA content for both human health concerns and natural pesticide content without disrupting the essential metabolism and function of the phytosterol component of the membranes and the growth regulating brassinosteroids.
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The impact of monetary crisis and natural disasters on women's health and nutrition. Population Council, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy1998.1003.
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This paper analyzes the short-term effects of the monetary crisis and natural disasters in Indonesia on women's health and nutritional status, and activities to monitor and address these problems. The monetary crisis which was announced in January 1998 hit the highest monthly inflation rate of 13 percent in February. Natural disasters that have plagued Indonesia since early 1997, including droughts and forest fires, have been projected to cause famines and an increased likelihood of infant and adult mortality. The economic crisis also directly impacts millions of workforce members threatened by the downsizing of thousands of businesses and factories, in the form of job termination. About 38 percent of the workforce are women. In general, it can be predicted that the high rate of unemployment means a return to poverty, emergence of pockets of slum settlements in cities, an increase in the crime rate, less affordable food in urban areas, famine and scarcity in rural areas, worsening environmental health, epidemics of infectious and noninfectious diseases, cutbacks in public health-care budget and facilities, more school dropout, teenagers entering prostitution, domestic violence, drug abuse, mental illness, and suicide attempts.