Relevant bibliographies by topics / Family-based approach

Academic literature on the topic 'Family-based approach'

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Published: 25 August 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Family-based approach"

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Hudziak, Jim, and Masha Y. Ivanova. "The Vermont Family Based Approach." Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America 25, no. 2 (April 2016): 167–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2015.11.002.

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Althoff, Robert R. "79.1 The Vermont Family-Based Approach." Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry 61, no. 10 (October 2022): S110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2022.07.450.

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O'Neil, Jessica, Richard Terry, and Susan Connelly. "Family-based approach to anorexia nervosa." Osteopathic Family Physician 4, no. 6 (November 2012): 168–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.osfp.2012.06.001.

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Ganeswara, Putu Ryan, and Cokorda Rai Adi Pramartha. "Ontology-based Approach for Klungkung Royal Family." JELIKU (Jurnal Elektronik Ilmu Komputer Udayana) 8, no. 4 (March 21, 2020): 497. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jlk.2020.v08.i04.p16.

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Kawitan genealogies form to strengthen family relations by staying in line with their ties. Today, there are many Balinese Hindu searches their heritance. This due to no explicit documentation about the family tree and the Balinese Hindu relies on people memories. To overcome this problem, we develop the ontology of the Family Tree Naritan Kawarya Narem Dalem Benculuk Tegeh Kori with Forward Chaining and Backward Chaining Search Method can overcome problems related to marriage lineage. By using the structured data in the form of an ontology, the computer agents and human will be able to find information related to their genealogy easily, so that there are no more people who are confused with their heritance. The ontology evaluation was conducted on the Nararya Dalem Benculuk Tegeh Kori's family tree. The initial result gave positive feedback toward further development of this ontology. Keywords : Ontology, Family Tree, Methontology
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Sawhney, JPS, and Kushal Madan. "Family-based approach in cardiovascular risk reduction." Lancet Global Health 9, no. 10 (October 2021): e1351-e1352. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s2214-109x(21)00404-6.

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Bowen, Gary L. "Family Life Satisfaction: A Value-Based Approach." Family Relations 37, no. 4 (October 1988): 458. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/584120.

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Wilson, Stephan M., and Insoo Kim Berg. "Family-Based Services: A Solution-Focused Approach." Family Relations 43, no. 3 (July 1994): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/585435.

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Ogawa, Masakata. "Family-Based STS Education: a New Approach." Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society 9, no. 3 (June 1989): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/027046768900900307.

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Ogawa, Masakata. "Family-Based STS Education: a New Approach." Bulletin of Science, Technology & Society 9, no. 4 (August 1989): 239–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/027046768900900407.

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Prystowsky, Eric. "ICD Replacement: A Family-Based Medicine Approach." Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology 23, no. 12 (December 2000): 2022–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8159.2000.tb00770.x.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Family-based approach"

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Riaz, Atif. "A set-based approach to passenger aircraft family design." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2015. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/9723.

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In today's highly competitive civil aviation market, aircraft manufacturers develop aircraft families in order to satisfy a wide range of requirements from multiple airlines, with reduced costs of ownership and shorter lead time. Traditional methods for designing passenger aircraft families employ a sequential, optimisation-based approach, where a single configuration and systems architecture is selected fairly early which is then iteratively analysed and modified until all the requirements are met. The problem with such an approach is the tendency of the optimisers to exploit assumptions already 'hard-wired' in the computational models. Subsequently the design is driven towards a solution which, while promising to the optimiser, may be infeasible due to the factors not considered by the models, e.g. integration and installation of promising novel technological solutions, which result in costly design rework later in the design process. Within this context, the aim is to develop a methodology for designing passenger aircraft families, which provides an environment for designers to interactively explore wider design space and foster innovation. To achieve this aim, a novel methodology for passenger aircraft family design is proposed where multiple aircraft family solutions are synthesised from the outset by integrating major components sets and systems architectures set. This is facilitated by integrating set theory principles and model-based design exploration methods. As more design knowledge is gained through analysis, the set of aircraft family solutions is gradually narrowed-down by discarding infeasible and inferior solutions. This is achieved through constraint analysis using iso-contours. The evaluation has been carried out through an application case-study (of a three-member passenger aircraft family design) which was executed with both the proposed methodology and the traditional approach for comparison. The proposed methodology and the case-study (along with the comparison results) were presented to a panel of industrial experts who were asked to comment on the merits and potential challenges of the proposed methodology. The conclusion is that the proposed methodology is expected to reduce the number of costly design changes, enabling designers to consider novel systems technologies and gain knowledge through interactive design space exploration. It was pointed out, however, that while the computational enablers behind the proposed approach are reaching a stage of maturity, allowing a multitude of concepts to be analysed rapidly and simultaneously, this still is expected to present a challenge from organisational process and resource point of view. It was agreed that by considering a set of aircraft family solutions, the proposed approach would enable the designers to delay critical decisions until more knowledge is available, which helps to mitigate risks associated with innovative systems architectures and technologies.
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Choubey, Anand M. "Platform based approach for economic production of a product family." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/434.

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Jirapanthong, Waraporn. "A rule-based approach for software traceability on product family systems." Thesis, City University London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.435040.

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Lum, Lai-chun, and 林麗珍. "A weight management programme for obese children: parent-only family-based approach." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43251444.

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Knight, John Andrew. "A Diels-Alder based synthetic approach to the manzamine family of alkaloids." Thesis, University of Salford, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.265523.

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Lum, Lai-chun. "A weight management programme for obese children parent-only family-based approach /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43251444.

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Stoll, Timothy Michael. "Rethinking the House and the Family Within: A Needs-based Approach to Design." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1250700760.

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Thesis (Master of Architecture)--University of Cincinnati, 2009.
Advisor: Tom Bible. Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Jan. 14, 2010). Includes abstract. Keywords: Housing. Includes bibliographic references.
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Liu, Andrew. "A latent profile clustering approach to phenotype definition in family based genetic association studies." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=110648.

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Objectives: Genetic association studies have shown that genes play a role in the incidence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. However, the relationship between genes and response to medication (methylphenidate) has not been studied extensively, with very few findings and difficulty in replication. Possible reasons for the lack of findings could be due to the difficulty in defining a valid, objective measure of response to treatment. Furthermore, traditional statistical methods may have shortcomings when used in genetic association studies. Our objectives are: 1) compare two methods used in genetic association studies and 2) define a phenotype for response to treatment that can improve the quality of a genetic analysis.Methods: From a family study (n=416) with ADHD children, we construct a response to treatment phenotype using a latent profile analysis (LPA) clustering approach. This LPA phenotype is based on the RASS, and accelerometer (Actiwatch) data. Using the LPA phenotype and another phenotype based on clinical judgement (Clinical Consensus Rating), we perform a genetic association analysis for each phenotype individually. For the genetic analysis, we use both a case-control design (logistic regression) and a family based design (FBAT). The genes used in the study are candidate genes, known to be associated with the diagnosis of ADHD. Some notable genes include the dopamine receptor (DRD3, DRD4), dopamine transporter (DAT) and latrophilin (LPHN3).Results: Several SNPs were found to be associated with both the LPA response to medication variable and the Clinical Consensus Rating variable (CCR). Overall, the phenotype based on latent profile analysis performed better than the phenotype based on CCR, and showed highly significant findings, which the CCR was not able to do (p = 0.000189 vs p = 0.026691). The FBAT analysis approach, although providing the benefit of being immune to population stratification, was not as powerful as the logistic regression approach. This was because of smaller sample sizes due to uninformative heterozygous parents. Discussion: Our analysis showed that the way a phenotype is defined is very important to the quality of the analysis. The phenotype we constructed performed better likely due to its ability to separate heterogeneous groups of subjects. Both methods of genetic analysis have their shortcomings, and it is advisable to use both in a genetic association study. Some shortcomings of this study include limited sample size, which limited our power, and prevented alternative methods such as a haplotype analysis.
Objectifs: Des études d'association génétique ont démontré que les gènes affectent l'incidence du trouble déficitaire de l'attention avec ou sans hyperactivité (TDAH) chez les enfants. Cependant, la relation entre les gènes et la réponse aux médicaments (méthylphénidate) n'a pas été étudiée de façon approfondie. Les découvertes en la matière sont rares et difficiles à répliquer. L'absence de résultats pourrait s'expliquer par la difficulté de définir une mesure valide et objective pour quantifier la réponse au traitement. De plus, les méthodes statistiques conventionnelles pourraient avoir des lacunes dans le contexte des études d'association génétique. Nos objectifs sont les suivants: 1) comparer deux méthodes utilisées dans les études d'association génétique et 2) définir un phénotype pour la réponse au traitement ayant le potentiel d'améliorer la qualité des analyses génétiques.Méthodes: À partir d'une étude de famille (n = 416) avec des enfants TDAH, nous concevons une réponse à un phénotype de traitement à l'aide d'une approche de groupement fondée sur une analyse de profil latent (APL). Le phénotype APL est basé sur des données de RASS et d'accéléromètre (Actiwatch). À partir du phénotype APL et d'un autre phénotype basé sur un jugement clinique (évaluation de consensus clinique), nous procédons à une analyse d'association génétique pour chaque phénotype séparément. Aux fins de l'analyse génétique, nous utilisons à la fois un plan cas témoins (régression logistique) et un plan basé sur la famille (FBAT). Les gènes employés dans l'étude sont des gènes candidats reconnus pour leur association avec le diagnostic de TDAH, notamment le récepteur de la dopamine (DRD3, DRD4), le latrophilin (LPHN3) et le transporteur de la dopamine (DAT).Résultats: Nous avons détecté une association entre plusieurs SNPs et la réponse APL à la variable médication ainsi que l'évaluation du consensus clinique (CCR). Dans l'ensemble, le phénotype basé sur l'analyse du profil latent a surpassé le phénotype basé sur l'évaluation du consensus clinique (CCR) par sa capacité de produire des résultats très significatifs (p = 0,000189 contre p = 0,026691). L'approche d'analyse FBAT, malgré son insensibilité à la stratification de la population, n'était pas aussi puissante que la méthode de régression logistique, en raison de la taille restreinte des échantillons, expliquée par des parents hétérozygotes non-informatifs.Discussion: Notre analyse a démontré que la façon dont le phénotype est défini affecte sérieusement la qualité de l'analyse. Le phénotype que nous avons conçu a offert un meilleur rendement probablement en raison de sa capacité à distinguer des groupes hétérogènes de sujets. Les deux méthodes d'analyse génétique ont leurs défauts: il est donc conseillé de les utiliser conjointement dans une étude d'association génétique. Les lacunes de cette étude comprennent entre autres la taille limitée de l'échantillon, qui a limité la puissance et empêché le recours à d'autres méthodes telle l'analyse des haplotypes.
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Di, Cola Simone. "A component-based approach to modelling software product families with explicit variation points." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2017. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-componentbased-approach-to-modelling-software-product-families-with-explicit-variation-points(b649eda2-8cac-46a5-888e-ee0926080ecb).html.

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In software product line engineering, the construction of an architecture for a product family is still an outstanding engineering challenge. In current practice, a framework is used for configuring individual products by combining solution space artefacts into products with specified features according to a feature model. No architectures are created. In contrast, an architecture for a product family would define the architectures for all the products in the family, allowing engineers to reason at a higher level of abstraction. In this thesis, we present a component model that can be used to define architectures for product families, by incorporating explicit variation points.
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Yang, Tun-Hsiang. "Family based liquid association study an approach to map the disease genes for the complex trait /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1610653951&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Books on the topic "Family-based approach"

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1943-, Knox David, ed. Behavioral family therapy: An evidenced based approach. Durham, N.C: Carolina Academic Press, 2008.

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Berg, Insoo Kim. Family-based services: A solution-focused approach. New York: W.W. Norton, 1994.

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Handbook of family theories: A content-based approach. New York: Psychology Press, 2013.

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1913-, Bowen Murray, ed. Family evaluation: An approach based on Bowen theory. New York: Norton, 1988.

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Children's Bureau of Southern California., ed. Family assesment form: A practice-based approach to assessing family functioning. Washington, DC: CWLA Press, 1997.

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Andrews, James R. Family based treatment in communicative disorders: A systemic approach. Sandwich, IL: Janelle Publications, 1990.

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Olds, Sally B. Maternal-newborn nursing: A family and community-based approach. 6th ed. Upper Saddle River, N.J: Prentice Hall Health, 2000.

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Asay, Sylvia, John DeFrain, Marcee Metzger, and Bob Moyer. Family Violence from a Global Perspective: A Strengths-Based Approach. 2455 Teller Road, Thousand Oaks California 91320 United States: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781483387635.

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Evans, Michael. Mosby's family practice sourcebook: An evidence-based approach to care. 4th ed. Toronto: Mosby Canada, 2006.

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1933-, Rosen Efrem, ed. Teaching about human sexuality and family: A skills-based approach. Belmont, CA: Thomson/Wadsworth, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Family-based approach"

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Basco, Rodrigo, and Inga Bartkevičiūtė. "Place-based approach and family firms." In Family Business and Regional Development, 256–71. 1 Edition. | NY: Routledge, 2020. | Series: Routledge advances in regional economics, science and policy: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429058097-19.

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Ramachandran, Nira. "A Family-Based Approach to Nutrition." In Persisting Undernutrition in India, 181–200. New Delhi: Springer India, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-1832-6_10.

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Chen, Wei, Christopher Hoyle, and Henk Jan Wassenaar. "A Decision-Based Design Approach to Product Family Design." In Decision-Based Design, 287–317. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-4036-8_11.

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Nemia, Toni. "An ACES approach to developing trauma-sensitive schools." In School-Based Family Counseling for Crisis and Disaster, 240–50. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003201977-23.

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Cohen, Ralph S. "An internal family systems approach to building disaster resilience." In School-Based Family Counseling for Crisis and Disaster, 253–64. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003201977-25.

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Nelson, Helen. "A narrative approach to strengthening child and family relationships." In School-Based Family Counseling for Crisis and Disaster, 155–65. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003201977-16.

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Cottle, Nathan R., Jeremy Boden, and Grant Richards. "Learning Through Engagement: A Praxis Approach to Teaching Family Life Education Methodology." In Field-Based Learning in Family Life Education, 81–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39874-7_9.

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Jimba, Masamine, Maya Sophia Fujimura, and Akira Shibanuma. "A positive deviance approach for overcoming crisis and disaster." In School-Based Family Counseling for Crisis and Disaster, 24–34. New York: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003201977-4.

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Nader, Philip R., and Tom Baranowski. "A Family-Based Approach to Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Education." In Behavioral Epidemiology and Disease Prevention, 329–51. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-7929-4_17.

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Gerrard, Brian A., Erwin D. Selimos, and Stephaney S. Morrison. "The School-Based Family Counseling Approach to Empowering Refugees and Immigrants." In School-Based Family Counseling With Refugees and Immigrants, 3–17. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003097891-2.

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Conference papers on the topic "Family-based approach"

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Nozikova, N. V. "Family Model Based on the System Approach." In International Scientific Conference "Far East Con" (ISCFEC 2020). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.200312.197.

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Leus, Roel, Linda L. Zhang, and Daniel Kowalczyk. "Process family planning: An optimization-based approach." In 2014 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ieem.2014.7058688.

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Walter, Wayne, and Edward Hensel. "Family-Based Project Approach to Multidisciplinary Senior Design." In ASME 2008 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2008-66128.

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During academic year 2006–07, a family of four closely related multi-disciplinary senior design projects was initiated. Each project team consisted of eight undergraduate students. The family of projects has continued during the academic year 2007–08, with three additional design projects comprised of 19 students. The intent of the family of design projects is two-fold. The first objective is to introduce students to the concept of designing a product within the context of a family of closely related products, similar to the approach that a corporation may use in its strategic approach to the marketplace. The second objective is to provide an open-source, open-architecture, modular, and scalable robotic vehicle platform usable by a wide range of researchers within the Kate Gleason College of Engineering looking for a vehicle to position cameras, sensors in networks, and for other data-gathering tasks. Students were given the challenge to design and manufacture a platform based on a single design, scalable across four payload orders of magnitude from 1kg to 1,000kg. The 10kg and 100kg variants were studied in AY2006–07, and the 1kg variant was introduced in AY2007–08. The largest, 1,000kg, planned for the future, will be about the size of a Honda Civic, so safety and fail-safe engineering is important. Each project in the family is expected to build on the technology used and lessons learned from prior and concurrent projects, much like the “next model year” in the auto industry, and information sharing requirements among concurrent engineering teams. Hardware, software, and design methods are reused whenever possible, and students are expected to develop their subsystem in the context of an evolutionary platform design. In this manner, the end-product from one design group becomes the starting point for another team. Responsibilities overlap so teams must work cooperatively, which mimics the industrial environment. Starting times on various projects may be staggered, and students must deal with documentation sharing issues, and preservation of design intent across multiple-project teams and academic terms. The paper will discuss the current status of the program, the lessons learned to-date, and future plans for the program.
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Wang, Hong-Jun, Xin Chen, and De-Tao Zheng. "An Approach to Product Family Planning Based on Hypergraph Theory." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-59321.

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A widespread method employed in product planning is to use quality function deployment (QFD), which provides a means of translating a single customer’s needs into a product’s design requirements. Whereas, mass customization oriented product family planning should translate a group of different customers’ needs into all kinds of engineering characteristics in a product family life cycle by mapping the complicated information between adjacent stages of a product family development cycle so that the customer group’s needs can be carried out in a product family, which needs to develop a batch of products at the same time. Unfortunately, there is lack of a tool to supporting the product family planning at present. Aiming at this problem, this paper proposes a new approach to extend the house of quality (HoQ) in order to fulfill the product family planning for mass customization. Firstly, hypergraph (HG) theory and QFD are brought together, and the processes of information mapping between the adjacent stages of a product family development cycle are described through a relational hypergraph (RH). Secondly, primary-input driven paths in a relational hypergraph, which represent the different information at the same domain in a HoQ, are placed on the left or at the bottom of a HoQ, and secondary-input paths in a relational hypergraph, which represent the different information at the adjacent domain in a HoQ, are placed at the middle array of a HoQ, an extended HoQ (EHoQ) is obtained according to the method described as above, which provides the tool of planning a batch of products at the same time. Finally, the process of translating a group of different customer group’s needs into engineering characteristics is illustrated by means of an EHoQ.
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Zhang, Yiyang, and Jianxin Jiao. "An Approach to Product Family Positioning Based on Shared Surplus." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-85560.

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To compete in the marketplace, manufacturers have been seeking for expansion of their product lines by providing product families. Product family positioning aims at planning the appropriate products to be provided to the target market segments. Due to the involved complexity such as diverse customer preferences, engineering costs, competition among similar products, etc, positioning the product family is very difficult. This paper proposes a shared surplus model for product family positioning. A comprehensive methodology for product family positioning is developed. An application of the proposed methodology for the notebook computer family positioning is reported.
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Johnson Lim, Soon Chong, Ying Liu, and Wing Bun Lee. "A Platform Selection Approach Based on Product Family Ontology Modeling." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48194.

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Product family design is probably the most widely adopted strategy for product realization in mass customization paradigm. With the ever-increasing product offerings in consumer market, current product representation schemes are restricted by their limited capability in handling multiple conceptual relationships amongst product components and rich semantic annotations associated with different design concepts. Previously, we have studied and proposed an ontology-based information representation scheme for product family design, which offers a promising solution to address the aforementioned challenges. In this study, we suggest a new commonality metric and a faceted platform selection approach, which are both created for ontology-based product family representation models. Utilizing this metric and faceted search, we discuss the advantages of our approach compared to existing modeling possibilities. We also exemplify the applications of our proposal towards an optimal configuration of product variants using a case study of four laptop computer families. Finally, we conclude this paper with some indications for future work.
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Martin, Sara, and Stacy Potts. "Shaping GME: Evidence based approach to family medicine residency requirements." In NAPCRG 49th Annual Meeting — Abstracts of Completed Research 2021. American Academy of Family Physicians, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1370/afm.20.s1.3073.

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Cole, Elise, and Alana Christie. "844 A family-based approach to healthcare inequality amongst asylum seekers." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the RCPCH Conference, Liverpool, 28–30 June 2022. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2022-rcpch.97.

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Khajavirad, Aida, and Jeremy J. Michalek. "A Deterministic Lagrangian-Based Global Optimization Approach for Large Scale Decomposable Problems." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-50029.

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We propose a deterministic approach for global optimization of large-scale nonconvex quasiseparable problems encountered frequently in engineering systems design, such as multidisciplinary design optimization and product family optimization applications. Our branch and bound-based approach applies Lagrangian decomposition to 1) generate tight lower bounds by exploiting the structure of the problem and 2) enable parallel computing of subsystems and the use of efficient dual methods for computing lower bounds. We apply the approach to the product family optimization problem and in particular to a family of universal electric motors with a fixed platform configuration taken from the literature. Results show that the Lagrangian bounds are much tighter than convex underestimating bounds used in commercial software, and the proposed lower bounding scheme shows encouraging efficiency and scalability, enabling solution of large, highly nonlinear problems that cause difficulty for existing solvers. The deterministic approach also provides lower bounds on the global optimum, eliminating uncertainty of solution quality produced by popular applications of stochastic and local solvers. For instance, our results demonstrate that prior product family optimization results reported in the literature obtained via stochastic and local approaches are suboptimal, and application of our global approach improves solution quality by about 10%. The proposed method provides a promising scalable approach for global optimization of large-scale systems-design problems.
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Khajavirad, Aida, and Jeremy J. Michalek. "A Single-Stage Gradient-Based Approach for Solving the Joint Product Family Platform Selection and Design Problem Using Decomposition." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35611.

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A core challenge in product family optimization is to develop a single-stage approach that can optimally select the set of variables to be shared in the platform(s) while simultaneously designing the platform(s) and variants within an algorithm that is efficient and scalable. However, solving the joint product family platform selection and design problem involves significant complexity and computational cost, so most prior methods have narrowed the scope by treating the platform as fixed or have relied on stochastic algorithms or heuristic two-stage approaches that may sacrifice optimality. In this paper, we propose a single-stage approach for optimizing the joint problem using gradient-based methods. The combinatorial platform-selection variables are relaxed to the continuous space by applying the commonality index and consistency relaxation function introduced in a companion paper. In order to improve scalability properties, we exploit the structure of the product family problem and decompose the joint product family optimization problem into a two-level optimization problem using analytical target cascading so that the system-level problem determines the optimal platform configuration while each subsystem optimizes a single product in the family. Finally, we demonstrate the approach through optimization of a family of ten bathroom scales; Results indicate encouraging success with scalability and computational expense.
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Reports on the topic "Family-based approach"

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Kumar, Jan. How does quality of care relate to a rights-based approach to family planning programs? Population Council, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh8.1046.

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Kumar, Jan. Fact sheet—How does quality of care relate to a rights-based approach to family planning programs? Population Council, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh8.1047.

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Lutz, Carsten. Interval-based Temporal Reasoning with General TBoxes. Aachen University of Technology, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.109.

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Aus der Motivation: Description Logics (DLs) are a family of formalisms well-suited for the representation of and reasoning about knowledge. Whereas most Description Logics represent only static aspects of the application domain, recent research resulted in the exploration of various Description Logics that allow to, additionally, represent temporal information, see [4] for an overview. The approaches to integrate time differ in at least two important aspects: First, the basic temporal entity may be a time point or a time interval. Second, the temporal structure may be part of the semantics (yielding a multi-dimensional semantics) or it may be integrated as a so-called concrete domain. Examples for multi-dimensional point-based logics can be find in, e.g., [21;29], while multi-dimensional interval-based logics are used in, e.g., [23;2]. The concrete domain approach needs some more explanation. Concrete domains have been proposed by Baader and Hanschke as an extension of Description Logics that allows reasoning about 'concrete qualities' of the entities of the application domain such as sizes, length, or weights of real-worlds objects [5]. Description Logics with concrete domains do usually not use a fixed concrete domain; instead the concrete domain can be thought of as a parameter to the logic. As was first described in [16], if a 'temporal' concrete domain is employed, then concrete domains may be point-based, interval-based, or both.
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Baek, Carolyn, and Naomi Rutenberg. Addressing the family planning needs of HIV-positive PMTCT clients: Baseline findings from an operations research study. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/hiv14.1000.

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Preventing unintended pregnancy among HIV-positive women is an effective approach to reducing pediatric HIV infection and vital to meeting HIV-positive women’s sexual and reproductive health needs. Although contraceptive services for HIV-positive women is one of the cornerstones of a comprehensive program for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT), a review of PMTCT programs found that implementers have not prioritized family planning (FP). While there is increasing awareness about the importance of FP and HIV integration, data about FP from PMTCT clients are lacking. The Horizons Program is conducting an operations research study testing several community-based strategies to reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV in a densely settled urban slum in Nairobi, Kenya. Strategies being piloted include moving PMTCT services closer to the population via a mobile clinic and increasing psychosocial support for HIV-positive women. This research update presents key findings about FP at PMTCT sites, including the interaction between providers and clients as well as HIV-positive women’s fertility desires and demand for contraceptives, from the baseline cross-sectional survey and qualitative interviews with postpartum women.
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Borgwardt, Stefan, Marcel Lippmann, and Veronika Thost. Temporal Query Answering w.r.t. DL-Lite-Ontologies. Technische Universität Dresden, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.25368/2022.195.

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Ontology-based data access (OBDA) generalizes query answering in relational databases. It allows to query a database by using the language of an ontology, abstracting from the actual relations of the database. For ontologies formulated in Description Logics of the DL-Lite family, OBDA can be realized by rewriting the query into a classical first-order query, e.g. an SQL query, by compiling the information of the ontology into the query. The query is then answered using classical database techniques. In this report, we consider a temporal version of OBDA. We propose a temporal query language that combines a linear temporal logic with queries over DL-Litecore-ontologies. This language is well-suited for expressing temporal properties of dynamical systems and is useful in context-aware applications that need to detect specific situations. Using a first-order rewriting approach, we transform our temporal queries into queries over a temporal database. We then present three approaches to answering the resulting queries, all having different advantages and drawbacks.
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Wideman, Jr., Robert F., Nicholas B. Anthony, Avigdor Cahaner, Alan Shlosberg, Michel Bellaiche, and William B. Roush. Integrated Approach to Evaluating Inherited Predictors of Resistance to Pulmonary Hypertension Syndrome (Ascites) in Fast Growing Broiler Chickens. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7575287.bard.

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Background PHS (pulmonary hypertension syndrome, ascites syndrome) is a serious cause of loss in the broiler industry, and is a prime example of an undesirable side effect of successful genetic development that may be deleteriously manifested by factors in the environment of growing broilers. Basically, continuous and pinpointed selection for rapid growth in broilers has led to higher oxygen demand and consequently to more frequent manifestation of an inherent potential cardiopulmonary incapability to sufficiently oxygenate the arterial blood. The multifaceted causes and modifiers of PHS make research into finding solutions to the syndrome a complex and multi threaded challenge. This research used several directions to better understand the development of PHS and to probe possible means of achieving a goal of monitoring and increasing resistance to the syndrome. Research Objectives (1) To evaluate the growth dynamics of individuals within breeding stocks and their correlation with individual susceptibility or resistance to PHS; (2) To compile data on diagnostic indices found in this work to be predictive for PHS, during exposure to experimental protocols known to trigger PHS; (3) To conduct detailed physiological evaluations of cardiopulmonary function in broilers; (4) To compile data on growth dynamics and other diagnostic indices in existing lines selected for susceptibility or resistance to PHS; (5) To integrate growth dynamics and other diagnostic data within appropriate statistical procedures to provide geneticists with predictive indices that characterize resistance or susceptibility to PHS. Revisions In the first year, the US team acquired the costly Peckode weigh platform / individual bird I.D. system that was to provide the continuous (several times each day), automated weighing of birds, for a comprehensive monitoring of growth dynamics. However, data generated were found to be inaccurate and irreproducible, so making its use implausible. Henceforth, weighing was manual, this highly labor intensive work precluding some of the original objectives of using such a strategy of growth dynamics in selection procedures involving thousands of birds. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements 1. Healthy broilers were found to have greater oscillations in growth velocity and acceleration than PHS susceptible birds. This proved the scientific validity of our original hypothesis that such differences occur. 2. Growth rate in the first week is higher in PHS-susceptible than in PHS-resistant chicks. Artificial neural network accurately distinguished differences between the two groups based on growth patterns in this period. 3. In the US, the unilateral pulmonary occlusion technique was used in collaboration with a major broiler breeding company to create a commercial broiler line that is highly resistant to PHS induced by fast growth and low ambient temperatures. 4. In Israel, lines were obtained by genetic selection on PHS mortality after cold exposure in a dam-line population comprising of 85 sire families. The wide range of PHS incidence per family (0-50%), high heritability (about 0.6), and the results in cold challenged progeny, suggested a highly effective and relatively easy means for selection for PHS resistance 5. The best minimally-invasive diagnostic indices for prediction of PHS resistance were found to be oximetry, hematocrit values, heart rate and electrocardiographic (ECG) lead II waves. Some differences in results were found between the US and Israeli teams, probably reflecting genetic differences in the broiler strains used in the two countries. For instance the US team found the S wave amplitude to predict PHS susceptibility well, whereas the Israeli team found the P wave amplitude to be a better valid predictor. 6. Comprehensive physiological studies further increased knowledge on the development of PHS cardiopulmonary characteristics of pre-ascitic birds, pulmonary arterial wedge pressures, hypotension/kidney response, pulmonary hemodynamic responses to vasoactive mediators were all examined in depth. Implications, scientific and agricultural Substantial progress has been made in understanding the genetic and environmental factors involved in PHS, and their interaction. The two teams each successfully developed different selection programs, by surgical means and by divergent selection under cold challenge. Monitoring of the progress and success of the programs was done be using the in-depth estimations that this research engendered on the reliability and value of non-invasive predictive parameters. These findings helped corroborate the validity of practical means to improve PHT resistance by research-based programs of selection.
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Penning, Nehle, Rachel Crossdale, Indre Genelyte, Natalia Krygowska-Nowak, Anna Urbaniak, Jolanta Perek-Białas, and Monika Reichert. EIWO’s methodological approaches: A field report of the qualitative interviews in EIWO project III. Linköping University Electronic Press, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/9789180750585.

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This field report provides detailed information on the methodological approach as well as on the process of data collection and analysis in EIWO project III – “Mechanisms and Origins of Late Working Life Exclusion”. EIWO project III is part of the qualitative part of the EIWO programme and is – together with EIWO project VI, VII, and VIII from phase II – one of the four projects in which primary data is collected. EIWO uses a mixed-methods approach in its nine sub-projects, so that quantitative and qualitative methods are used in combination to investigate – from a life course perspective – the topic of late working life and the potential of extension of working lives on different levels (micro, meso and macro level). Due to the different methodological approaches, results from some projects provide evidence for further investigations in other sub-projects, whereby, for example, results of the qualitative investigations can be validated using large data sets. In projects in the field of life course research, a mixed-methods approach is widely used because it allows for a detailed investigation of the structural, institutional and individual factors influencing the life course. EIWO project III focuses in particular on the micro level by taking the perspective of individuals and thus provides a basis on which quantitative analyses, e.g. in EIWO project IV, can be built on. “The main aims of project III are to analyse the nature and sources of inequalities in late working life employment/retirement and to identify individual/family responses and coping strategies” (Application EIWO programme). Based on these aims, the following research questions were formulated for EIWO project III: What events and circumstances can be identified over the life course that lead to social inequalities/exclusion in late working life employment from the individual perspective? What are the explanatory mechanisms? How are exclusion risks and inequalities assessed on the individual level in late working life? Do persons experience social inequalities/exclusion? If they experience exclusion/inequalities: What coping strategies are/were used to reduce inequalities/exclusion? What can be learned from individual responses as to how meso-level organisational policies and macro-level social policies help or hinder transitions? In the following, it will be described why a qualitative research approach was chosen for this project and what characterises this approach. Then, the research instruments and the inclusion criteria for the sample will be explained. The third chapter illustrates the field phase, including the recruitment phase, the final composition of the sample and the conduct of the interviews, as well as challenges that arose during the field phase and the chosen approaches. Finally, the data analysis method is discussed and the report is concluded with a short summary.
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Aiginger, Karl, Andreas Reinstaller, Michael Böheim, Rahel Falk, Michael Peneder, Susanne Sieber, Jürgen Janger, et al. Evaluation of Government Funding in RTDI from a Systems Perspective in Austria. Synthesis Report. WIFO, Austria, August 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.22163/fteval.2009.504.

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In the spring of 2008, WIFO, KMU Forschung Austria, Prognos AG in Germany and convelop were jointly commissioned by the Austrian Federal Ministry for Transport, Innovation and Technology and the Austrian Federal Ministry of Economy, Family and Youth to perform a systems evaluation of the country's research promotion and funding activities. Based on their findings, six recommendations were developed for a change in Austrian RTDI policy as outlined below: 1. to move from a narrow to a broader approach in RTDI policy (links to education policy, consideration of the framework for innovation such as competition, international perspectives and mobility); 2. to move from an imitation to a frontrunner strategy (striving for excellence and market leadership in niche and high-quality segments, increasing market shares in advanced sectors and technology fields, and operating in segments of relevance for society); 3. to move from a fragmented approach to public intervention to a more coordinated and consistent approach(explicit economic goals, internal and external challenges and reasoning for public intervention); 4. to move from a multiplicity of narrowly defined funding programmes to a flexible, dynamic policy that uses a broader definition of its tasks and priorities (key technology and research segments as priority-action fields, adequate financing of clusters and centres of excellence); 5. to move from an unclear to a precisely defined allocation of responsibilities between ministries and other players in the field (high-ranking steering group at government level, monitoring by a Science, Research and Innovation Council); 6. to move from red-tape-bound to a modern management of public intervention (institutional separation between ministries formulating policies and agencies executing them, e.g., by "progressive autonomy").
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Regan, Jack, Julie Bryant, and Craig Weinschenk. Analysis of the Coordination of Suppression and Ventilation in Single-Family Homes. UL Firefighter Safety Research Institute, March 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54206/102376/slzh7498.

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Prior full-scale research with the fire service was primarily designed to isolate specific tactics, most often either ventilation or suppression, which allowed researchers to develop science-based recommendations related to the specific components of fireground operations studied in relatively controlled conditions. The current project went beyond earlier research by conducting twenty experiments in eight acquired, single-family residential structures and that combined fireground tactics to quantify the impact of coordination between ventilation and suppression actions. This experimental series included second-story bedroom fires (14 experiments) and first-floor kitchen fires (6 experiments). The main control variables studied included the position of initial application of water, the ventilation method, and the timing of ventilation relative to water application. The ventilation tactics examined in these experiments included horizontal, vertical, positive pressure, and hydraulic ventilation, while the suppression tactics included both interior water application and initial exterior water application followed by interior water application. While some elements of the experiments (e.g. structure floor plan and weather) resulted in increased variability, the lessons learned highlighted the importance of having a systematic approach to the implementation of tactics. Most importantly, there was no meaningful increase in temperature outside of fire rooms when ventilation tactics were executed in coordination with (shortly after or shortly before) the onset of suppression. The effectiveness of suppression actions in extinguishing the fire were dependent on the ability of those actions to 1) cool surfaces in the fire room and 2) wet unburned fuel. Exterior suppression actions on second-floor bedroom fires resulted in a decrease in temperatures throughout the second floor, followed by regrowth prior to final suppression through interior streams. When exterior suppression was performed on first-floor kitchen fires, where more complete fuel wetting was possible, regrowth was not observed prior to interior suppression. When surface cooling or fuel wetting are not possible due to the elevation of the fire room, missing ceiling, or obstacles, firefighters should consider alternative means of water distribution to improve the effectiveness of suppression actions from outside the fire room. Suppression actions, whether interior or exterior, generally resulted in a decrease in temperatures and gas concentrations at locations where occupants may potentially be located. Conditions improved most quickly at locations closest in proximity to the inlet of the flow path established between the front door and the fire room. For this reason, opening an exterior door to gain access should be thought of as an important ventilation action, both in terms of its potential to cause fire growth and its potential to improve conditions for potentially trapped occupants. After effective suppression, structure ventilation operations should similarly be cognizant of gas flows, with the aim of establishing flow throughout all areas where occupants may be located.
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Weil, Clifford F., Anne B. Britt, and Avraham Levy. Nonhomologous DNA End-Joining in Plants: Genes and Mechanisms. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2001.7585194.bard.

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Repair of DNA breaks is an essential function in plant cells as well as a crucial step in addition of modified DNA to plant cells. In addition, our inability to introduce modified DNA to its appropriate locus in the plant genome remains an important hurdle in genetically engineering crop species.We have taken a combined forward and reverse genetics approach to examining DNA double strand break repair in plants, focusing primarily on nonhomologous DNA end-joining. The forward approach utilizes a gamma-plantlet assay (miniature plants that are metabolically active but do not undergo cell division, due to cell cycle arrest) and has resulted in identification of five Arabidopsis mutants, including a new one defective in the homolog of the yeast RAD10 gene. The reverse genetics approach has identified knockouts of the Arabidopsis homologs for Ku80, DNA ligase 4 and Rad54 (one gene in what proves to be a gene family involved in DNA repair as well as chromatin remodeling and gene silencing)). All these mutants have phenotypic defects in DNA repair but are otherwise healthy and fertile. Additional PCR based screens are in progress to find knockouts of Ku70, Rad50, and Mre11, among others. Two DNA end-joining assays have been developed to further our screens and our ability to test candidate genes. One of these involves recovering linearized plasmids that have been added to and then rejoined in plant cells; plasmids are either recovered directly or transformed into E. coli and recovered. The products recovered from various mutant lines are then compared. The other assay involves using plant transposon excision to create DNA breaks in yeast cells and then uses the yeast cell as a system to examine those genes involved in the repair and to screen plant genes that might be involved as well. This award supported three graduate students, one in Israel and two in the U.S., as well as a technician in the U.S., and is ultimately expected to result directly in five publications and one Masters thesis.
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