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Hoon, Christina, Andreas Hack, and Franz W. Kellermanns. "Advancing knowledge on human resource management in family firms: An introduction and integrative framework." German Journal of Human Resource Management: Zeitschrift für Personalforschung 33, no. 3 (May 10, 2019): 147–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2397002219847883.
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Over the last decades, human resource management has received increasing attention in family business scholarship. However, works on human resource management in the context of family firms remain relatively low as compared to the more general body of studies on human resource management. This article introduces our special issue of the German Journal of Human Resource Management, which discusses facets of how family firms configure human resource management and set human resource practices. We first give a brief overview on the conceptual and empirical research that relates to and informs human resource management within family firms, resulting in a human resource system framework. We then discuss ideas for future human resource management research, namely, the influence of the owning family on human resource orientation, non-family employees as human resource recipients and the role of human resource professionals in delivering human resource management. Furthermore, we call for making psychological foundations part of the human resource management scholarship agenda. There is still work to be done before human resource management can find its ‘place in the sun’ in the family business community. Hence, this special issue contributes to developing family business human resource management scholarship further by offering the human resource system framework, by suggesting directions for future research and by advancing our conceptual and empirical understanding of human resource management in the context of family firms.
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Campeau, Aimée, Shazmeera Qadri, Farah Barakat, Gabriella Williams, Wendy Hovdestad, Maaz Shahid, and Tanya Lary. "At-a-glance - The Child Maltreatment Surveillance Indicator Framework." Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada 40, no. 2 (February 2020): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.40.2.04.
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The federal health portfolio has conducted surveillance on child maltreatment as a public health issue since the 1990s. The Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) is now releasing the Child Maltreatment Indicator Framework, to take its place alongside other PHAC frameworks, such as the Suicide Surveillance Indicator Framework. Based on a scoping review of existing reviews and meta-analyses, this Framework, along with the online interactive data tool, presents child maltreatment outcome indicators and risk and protective factors at the individual, family, community and societal levels, disaggregated by sex, age and other sociodemographic variables. This Framework will function as a valuable resource pertaining to an issue that affects at least one in three Canadian adults.
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McCart, Amy B., Wayne S. Sailor, Jamie M. Bezdek, and Allyson L. Satter. "A Framework for Inclusive Educational Delivery Systems." Inclusion 2, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 252–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/2326-6988-2.4.252.
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Abstract This article introduces a theoretical framework for an inclusive educational delivery system to increase academic, behavioral, and social outcomes for all students with a variety and range of abilities. The framework is a fully braided delivery system that brings together evidence-based practices for individual school systems and structures, district and state education policy, and family and community engagement. We describe (a) systemic and structural challenges to inclusive education, (b) the framework and its evidence-based features, and (c) a technical assistance resource that builds educational agency capacity to independently implement and sustain inclusive educational delivery systems in their communities.
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Sharma, Pramodita, and S. Manikutty. "Strategic Divestments in Family Firms: Role of Family Structure and Community Culture." Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 29, no. 3 (May 2005): 293–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2005.00084.x.
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Timely acquisition and divestment of resources is essential for sustaining the competitive advantage and longevity of family firms. A combination of past successes, emotional attachments, and path dependencies can lead to extensive inertia toward divestment in these firms. This article develops a framework to understand the influence of community culture and family structure on divestment decisions in family firms. Propositions on the varying levels of inertia to divest—depending on the values held by the owning family and the culture prevailing in their community—are developed. Research and practical implications are discussed.
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Lalani, Mirza, Jane Fernandes, Richard Fradgley, Caroline Ogunsola, and Martin Marshall. "Transforming community nursing services in the UK: lessons from a participatory evaluation of the implementation of a new model of community nursing in East London." British Journal of General Practice 69, suppl 1 (June 2019): bjgp19X703385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp19x703385.
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BackgroundBuurtzorg, a model of community nursing conceived in the Netherlands, is widely cited as a promising and evidence-based approach to improving the delivery of integrated nursing and social care in community settings.AimThis study aimed to examine the transferability of some of the principles of the Buurtzorg model to community nursing in the UK NHS.MethodA community nursing model based on the Buurtzorg approach was piloted between June 2017 and August 2018 with a team of nurses co-located in a single general practice in the Borough of Tower Hamlets, East London. The initiative was evaluated using a qualitative approach within the participatory Researcher-in-Residence model. Participant observation of meetings and semi-structured interviews with team members, patients/carers, and other local stakeholders were undertaken. A thematic framework analysis of the data was carried out.ResultsPatient experience of the service was positive, in particular because of the better access, improved continuity of care and longer appointment times in comparison with traditional district nursing provision. However, certain aspects of the Buurtzorg model were difficult to put into practice in the NHS because of significant cultural, human resource, and regulatory differences between The Netherlands and the UK.ConclusionWhile many of the principles of the Buurtzorg model are applicable and transferable to the UK, in particular promoting independence among patients, improving patient experience, and empowering frontline staff, the successful embedding of these aims as normalised ways of working will require a significant cultural shift at all levels of the NHS.
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Guberman, Nancy, and Pierre Maheu. "Conceptions of Family Caregivers: Implications for Professional Practice." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 21, no. 1 (2002): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980800000611.
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ABSTRACTThe formal sector's increasing recourse to families poses questions concerning the type and degree of participation that is expected of family caregivers and the conceptions that exist regarding them. This article examines different conceptions and their implications for practice, based on reflexions emanating from the authors' 15 years of empirical research on caregiving. A typology of practice approaches based on the various conceptions is presented including: the dependent adult approach, the caregiver as joint-client, the caregiver as resource and the caregiver as partner approach. Each of these approaches is based on a framework of beliefs, values and principles which shape policy and practice and have implications for how caregivers are perceived and served. The authors propose an alternative community-oriented approach which addresses the limitations of those which currently dominate homecare policy and practice.
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Henry, Wesley. "Identifying and Allocating Resources for Learning Improvement." Theory & Practice in Rural Education 9, no. 1 (May 30, 2019): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3776/tpre.2019.v9n1p61-73.
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This article investigates efforts by rural superintendents and rural principals to identify and leverage the local resources available to them to support learning improvement agendas within their schools. This study investigates practices within a diverse range of rural schools located in Washington State to understand how resources can be identified and allocated to best support student learning. In addition, this article explores the importance of family and community engagement in administrators' school improvement agendas. The conceptual framework for this study is informed by literature investigating resource allocation for educational improvement. This study was designed to better understand how rural education leaders identify, leverage, and allocate supports and resources, particularly those available within their immediate communities, to meet the needs of their staff and students. The rural schools represented in this study demonstrate trends in student achievement gains, despite challenges facing rural schools, such as increasing economic stratification in rural communities and diseconomies of scale in operating small schools and districts. Administrators meet these challenges by (a) maximizing teacher's instructional time through assuming duties often performed by nonadministrative personnel in other settings, thereby reaffirming the particularly multifaceted nature of rural school leadership; (b) forging formal and informal partnerships within the immediate community and geographic region to support student learning; and (c) leveraging the interconnected nature of rural communities in ways that increase community engagement in schools. Thoughtful community engagement strategies help manage the external politics of resource distribution within schools and ultimately materialize support for student learning.
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Papastavrou, Evridiki, Panayiota Andreou, and Nicos Middleton. "Social capital and care in the community: a methodological study." European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare 2, no. 3 (July 15, 2014): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/ejpch.v2i3.731.
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Rationale, aims and objectives: Healthcare reform systems require that individuals with long term and complex health problems to be cared at home by their families making informal caregivers a critical national healthcare resource. Caregiver support may be better understood in the context of the social capital framework that has the capacity to support health and wellbeing for the patient and caregiver through a combination of connections, informal exchange, informal non-family relations and resource acquisition.The aim of the study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Social Capital Questionnaire (SCQ-Greek) amongst Greek-speaking community dwellers in Cyprus.Methods: The SCQ was administered to a total sample of 225 Greek Cypriot community dwellers consisting of 2groups - a group of family caregivers of patients with dementia (n=76) and a neighborhood-matched control group (n= 149). Exploratory factor analysis using Varimax rotation was performed and items with factor loadings greater than 0.4 were retained. Cronbach’s coefficient of internal consistency was calculated for the overall scale and sub-scales. The association of Social Capital and its components (factors) with the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants were investigated in regression analyses.Results: A 6-factor solution with 28 items accounted for 48.3% of the variance. The item-total correlation ranged from 0.20 to 0.49 indicating that each of them contributed to the total score. For the overall instrument, Cronbach’s alpha was 0.83 and ranged between 0.55 and 0.82 for the individual factors. Generally, younger individuals, those with higher educational attainment and higher income tended to report higher levels of social capital.Conclusions: Findings demonstrate that a 28-item version of the SCQ is a reliable and valid tool for the assessment of perceptions of social capital among Greek-Cypriot community residents which included a sample of caregivers of the chronically ill. A tool to measure the perceptions of social capital is important for the understanding and utilizing the broader resources required for the care of the chronically ill in the community.
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Han, Soojeong, Nai-Ching Chi, Claire Han, Debra Parker Oliver, Karla Washington, and George Demiris. "Adapting the Resilience Framework for Family Caregivers of Hospice Patients With Dementia." American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias® 34, no. 6 (July 31, 2019): 399–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533317519862095.
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Family caregivers face ongoing, formidable stress and burden. Caregivers need sustainable support to maintain resilience. We aim to identify challenges, possible solutions that are resources for resilience, and expected consequences from the perspective of 39 family caregivers of hospice patients with dementia. The resilience framework was used to guide the coding and synthesis of the qualitative data. Identified challenges included difficulties in communication, providing care and decision-making, lack of knowledge, emotional challenges, concern about care facility selection, death with dignity, and lack of public awareness. Resilience resources for caregiving challenges were identified at the individual, community, and societal levels. Anticipated benefits of using these resources included the ability to provide better care and have a better quality of life for both patients and caregivers. The findings of this study can guide the design and implementation of supportive interventions designed for family caregivers of hospice patients with dementia to bolster available resilience resources.
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Denny, Marina D'Abreau, and Alisha Marie Hardman. "Mississippi State University extension undergraduate apprenticeship program." Advancements in Agricultural Development 1, no. 1 (January 28, 2020): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37433/aad.v1i1.13.
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The Mississippi State University Extension Undergraduate Apprenticeship Program was implemented in 2017 to give undergraduate juniors and seniors the opportunity to work one-on-one with an Extension mentor and explore careers in agriculture, natural resources, family and consumer sciences, community resource development, or youth development, while participating in research and outreach activities that directly benefit Extension programs and community stakeholders. The program is rooted in the principles of mentoring adult learners in an organizational context. Kolb’s Experiential Learning Model and the DEAL Model for Critical Reflection serve as the conceptual framework, whereby students engage in critical reflection to enhance their integrated research-and-outreach learning experience. An evaluation of the first two student cohorts (n=19) revealed a significant production of scholarship, an increase in discipline-specific knowledge, enhanced critical thinking and problem solving skills, a greater understanding and appreciation for Extension, and a desire to pursue related graduate studies.
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Pask, Sophie, Cathryn Pinto, Katherine Bristowe, Liesbeth van Vliet, Caroline Nicholson, Catherine J. Evans, Rob George, et al. "A framework for complexity in palliative care: A qualitative study with patients, family carers and professionals." Palliative Medicine 32, no. 6 (February 19, 2018): 1078–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269216318757622.
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Background: Palliative care patients are often described as complex but evidence on complexity is limited. We need to understand complexity, including at individual patient-level, to define specialist palliative care, characterise palliative care populations and meaningfully compare interventions/outcomes. Aim: To explore palliative care stakeholders’ views on what makes a patient more or less complex and insights on capturing complexity at patient-level. Design: In-depth qualitative interviews, analysed using Framework analysis. Participants/setting: Semi-structured interviews across six UK centres with patients, family, professionals, managers and senior leads, purposively sampled by experience, background, location and setting (hospital, hospice and community). Results: 65 participants provided an understanding of complexity, which extended far beyond the commonly used physical, psychological, social and spiritual domains. Complexity included how patients interact with family/professionals, how services’ respond to needs and societal perspectives on care. ‘Pre-existing’, ‘cumulative’ and ‘invisible’ complexity are further important dimensions to delivering effective palliative and end-of-life care. The dynamic nature of illness and needs over time was also profoundly influential. Adapting Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory, we categorised findings into the microsystem (person, needs and characteristics), chronosystem (dynamic influences of time), mesosystem (interactions with family/health professionals), exosystem (palliative care services/systems) and macrosystem (societal influences). Stakeholders found it acceptable to capture complexity at the patient-level, with perceived benefits for improving palliative care resource allocation. Conclusion: Our conceptual framework encompasses additional elements beyond physical, psychological, social and spiritual domains and advances systematic understanding of complexity within the context of palliative care. This framework helps capture patient-level complexity and target resource provision in specialist palliative care.
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Hilbrecht, Margo, David Baxter, Max Abbott, Per Binde, Luke Clark, David C. Hodgins, Darrel Manitowabi, et al. "The Conceptual Framework of Harmful Gambling: A revised framework for understanding gambling harm." Journal of Behavioral Addictions 9, no. 2 (June 2020): 190–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/2006.2020.00024.
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AbstractBackground and aimsThe Conceptual Framework of Harmful Gambling moves beyond a symptoms-based view of harm and addresses a broad set of factors related to the risks and effects of gambling harmfully at the individual, family, and community levels. Coauthored by international research experts and informed by multiple stakeholders, Gambling Research Exchange (GREO) facilitated the framework development in 2013 and retains responsibility for regular updates and mobilization. This review article presents information about the revised version of the Conceptual Framework of Harmful Gambling completed in late 2018.MethodsWe describe eight interrelated factors depicted in the framework that represent major themes in gambling ranging from the specific (gambling environment, exposure, gambling types, and treatment resources) to the general (cultural, social, psychological, and biological influences). After outlining the framework development and collaborative process, we highlight new topics for the recent update that reflect changes in the gambling landscape and prominent discourses in the scientific community. Some of these topics include social and economic impacts of gambling, and a new model of understanding gambling related harm.Discussion and conclusionsWe address the relevance of the CFHG to the gambling and behavioral addictions research community. Harm-based frameworks have been undertaken in other areas of addiction that can both inform and be informed by a model dedicated to harmful gambling. Further, the framework brings a multi-disciplinary perspective to bear on antecedents and factors that co-occur with harmful gambling.
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Smith, Kathrine Gibson, Vibhu Paudyal, Katie MacLure, Katrina Forbes-McKay, Carol Buchanan, Liz Wilson, Joan MacLeod, Ann Smith, and Derek Stewart. "Relocating patients from a specialist homeless healthcare centre to general practices: a multi-perspective study." British Journal of General Practice 68, no. 667 (January 15, 2018): e105-e113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp18x694577.
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BackgroundThe relocation of formerly homeless patients eligible to transfer from a specialist homeless healthcare centre (SHHC) to mainstream general practices is key to patient integration in the local community. Failure to transition patients conferring eligibility for relocation may also negatively impact on SHHC service delivery.AimTo explore barriers and facilitators of relocation from the perspectives of formerly homeless patients and healthcare staff involved in their care.Design and settingQualitative semi-structured face-to-face and telephone interviews conducted in the north east of Scotland.MethodParticipants were patients and healthcare staff including GPs, nurses, substance misuse workers, administrative, and local community pharmacy staff recruited from one SHHC, two mainstream general practices, and four community pharmacies. Interview schedules based on the 14 domains of the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) were drafted. Transcripts of the interviews were analysed by two independent researchers using a framework approach.ResultsSeventeen patients and 19 staff participated. Key barriers and facilitators aligned to TDF domains included: beliefs about consequences regarding relocation; patient intention to relocate; environmental context and resources in relation to the care of the patients and assessing patient eligibility; patient skills in relation to integration; social and professional role and identity of staff and patients; and emotional attachment to the SHHC.ConclusionImplementation of services, which promote relocation and integration, may optimise patient relocation from SHHCs to mainstream general practices. These include peer support networks for patients, better information provision on the relocation process, and supporting patients in the journey of identifying and adjusting to mainstream practices.
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Sinclair, Douglas, Peter Toth, Alecs Chochinov, John Foote, Kirsten Johnson, Jill McEwen, David Messenger, et al. "Health human resources for emergency medicine: a framework for the future." CJEM 22, no. 1 (November 26, 2019): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cem.2019.446.
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ABSTRACTIn June of 2016, the Collaborative Working Group (CWG) on the Future of Emergency Medicine presented its final report at the Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians (CAEP) annual meeting in Quebec City. The CWG report made a number of recommendations concerning physician Human Health Resource (HHR) shortfalls in emergency medicine, specific changes for both the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (FRCPC) and the College of Family Physicians of Canada (CCFP-EM) training programs, HHR needs in rural and remote hospitals, future collaboration of the CCFP-EM and FRCPC programs, and directions for future research. All recommendations were endorsed by CAEP, the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Canada (RCPSC), and the College of Family Physicians of Canada (CFPC). The CWG report was published in CJEM and has served as a basis for ongoing discussion in the emergency medicine community in Canada. The CWG identified an estimated shortfall of 478 emergency physicians in Canada in 2016, rising to 1071 by 2020 and 1518 by 2025 assuming no expansion of EM residency training capacity. In 2017, the CAEP board struck a new committee, The Future of Emergency Medicine in Canada (FEMC), to advocate with appropriate stakeholders to implement the CWG recommendations and to continue with this important work. FEMC led a workshop at CAEP 2018 in Calgary to develop a regional approach to HHR advocacy, recognizing different realities in each province and region. There was wide representation at this workshop and a rich and passionate discussion among those present. This paper represents the output of the workshop and will guide subsequent deliberations by FEMC. FEMC has set the following three goals as we work toward the overarching purpose to improve timely access to high quality emergency care: (1) to define and describe categories of emergency departments (EDs) in Canada, (2) define the full time equivalents required by category of ED in Canada, and (3) recommend the ideal combination of training and certification for emergency physicians in Canada. A fourth goal supports the other three goals: (4) urge further consideration and implementation of the CWG-EM recommendations related to coordination and optimization of the current two training programs. We believe that goals 1 and 2 can largely be accomplished by the CAEP annual meeting in 2020, and goal 3 by the CAEP annual meeting in 2021. Goal 4 is ongoing with both the RCPSC and the CFPC. We urge the EM community across Canada to engage with our committee to support improved access and EM care for all Canadians.
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Lubens, Pauline, and Tim A. Bruckner. "A Review of Military Health Research Using a Social–Ecological Framework." American Journal of Health Promotion 32, no. 4 (February 27, 2018): 1078–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0890117117744849.
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Objective: We aim to contextualize the growing body of research on the sequelae of military service in the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. We employ a social–ecological (SE) framework for the taxonomy of military health research and classify risk as arising from the individual, family, community, and the institutional levels. We intend for this review to inform enhanced health promotion efforts in military communities. Data Source: Articles reviewed were extracted from Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria: Research focused on somatic and psychological sequelae of combat deployment published from 2001—the year the war in Afghanistan began—through the end of 2014. We excluded studies of non-US military personnel, other systematic reviews, meta-analyses, book chapters, and theoretical papers. Data Extraction: We examined and summarized the aims, participants, methods, study design, SE framework tier, risk factors, and health outcomes. Data Synthesis: Studies were categorized according to SE tier, whether they focused on somatic, behavioral, or psychological outcomes, and by risk factor. Results: Of the 352 peer-reviewed papers, 84% focused on war’s sequelae on the index military personnel, and 75% focused on mental or behavioral health outcomes—mostly on post-traumatic stress disorder. We find comparatively little research focusing on the family, community, or institutional tiers. Conclusions: We know relatively little about how family and community respond to the return of personnel from combat deployment; how family resources affect the health of returning military personnel; and how a war’s persistence presents challenges for federal, state, and local agencies to meet military health-care needs. Such work is especially salient as US troops return home from war—particularly in communities where there are substantial military populations.
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Hunter Revell, Susan M., and Mary K. McCurry. "Nursing Science, Mental Illness, and the Family: A Conceptual Framework to Break the Cycle of Suffering." Nursing Science Quarterly 34, no. 1 (December 21, 2020): 59–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894318420965230.
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Mental illness is an epidemic in the United States, and there is a gap in care due to minimal integrated programs and transitional community resources. This paper reports the development of a conceptual framework to identify challenges facing families living with mental illness and the integral role nursing plays to positively impact health. An inductive, bottom-up approach was used to develop the Nursing Science, Mental Illness and Family model. Concepts clustered around family health, cycle of suffering, improving outcomes, healthcare policy, and nursing science. Successful, goal-directed interprofessional collaborations are essential for individual-, family-, and system-level interventions to be effective.
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Wu, Danxian, Xiaolu Gao, Zhifei Xie, and Zening Xu. "Understanding the Unmet Needs among Community-Dwelling Disabled Older People from a Linkage Perspective." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 2 (January 6, 2021): 389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020389.
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One of the challenges in response to population aging is to meet needs for elderly care among older people especially for those who want to age in their homes or communities. However, disabled older people have more challenges due to their restricted mobility to access care resources than non-disabled ones. We propose a new framework based on the changing relationship between older people and their environment, in which resource linkage in elderly care utilization is emphasized. We conducted a survey with 139 participants (i.e., older people age 60 years or over with different level of disabilities) in three types of neighborhoods in Beijing, China. By conducting a decision tree analysis under the Person-Environment Link (P-E Link) model, we (1) characterized unmet needs for elderly care (activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) assistance) among community-dwelling disabled older people; (2) found disabled older people had more unmet needs for both ADL and IADL assistance because of a lack in linkages to care resources than non-disabled ones; and (3) characterized the linkages to care resources for better supporting disabled older people to age in place, including family support, social connection, and spatial environment. Our findings help improve the Anderson behavioral model by characterizing enabling environments, which highlights that not only the availability of enabling resources but also linkages to these enabling resources play an important role in meeting needs for care among disabled older people. Our findings can also inform improvements in policy design that are targeted to reduce elderly care inequalities.
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Supprasert, Warunsicha, David Hughes, and Piyatida Khajornchaikul. "Roles and capacities of Thai family development centres." Journal of Children's Services 13, no. 3/4 (December 17, 2018): 110–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcs-11-2017-0048.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine Family Development Centre (FDC) staff’s[1] perspectives on their roles and capacity to promote early childhood language learning through good parenting. Design/methodology/approach This research employed in-depth interviews with 30 FDC coordinators and volunteer staff, supported by limited field observations. Findings Identifying risk, surveillance of at-risk families, building community solidarity and activities to support parenting and children, emerged as key components of FDC work. Volunteers softened their surveillance role by emphasising their social support function and personal links to local communities. Most activities aimed to strengthen family bonding and relationships, with fewer specifically addressing early childhood language deficits. Volunteers found the latter challenging, and generally sought to work in cooperation with education, public health and child care staff where projects involved language development. Practical implications Most volunteers said they lacked the capacities to promote early language development effectively and required additional training in such areas as partnerships and collaboration, family and parenting support, and project management. The authors argue that the importance given to partnerships reflects volunteers’ recognition that they need to draw on outside expertise to address children’s language problems. Given resource constraints, volunteers will remain central to family support work for the immediate future. Even with training lay volunteers will not become language experts, and future policy should centre on building a framework of professional support for the community teams. Originality/value This study fills a gap in knowledge about FDC volunteer roles and suggests a need for training that focuses on teamwork rather than specialist language expertise.
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Khuntia, Jiban, Mohan Tanniru, and John Zervos. "Extending Care Outside of the Hospital Walls." International Journal of E-Business Research 11, no. 2 (April 2015): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijebr.2015040101.
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In healthcare settings knowledge exchange among important stakeholders such as doctors, family and patients, and other care providers is a critical imperative. However, such a community modelled approach is missing, limited in scope or its business value not well understood. In this study, the authors illustrate the value potential and subsequent development of a business model for knowledge exchange within the healthcare delivery model outside a hospital setting. Specifically, they illustrate how Synchronous Video Consultation with social media features, in a staged approach, can support knowledge exchange among a network of community health care professionals who address global health disparities and sustain this exchange through resource generation. The authors discuss the contributions and implications of the proposed framework towards value creation in a collaborative setting in general and suggest opportunities for future research.
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Tata, Jasmine, and Sameer Prasad. "Immigrant family businesses: social capital, network benefits and business performance." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research 21, no. 6 (September 7, 2015): 842–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijebr-06-2014-0111.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to look at immigrant family business through the framework of social capital by investigating how the social capital of immigrant family business owners helps them obtain network benefits and improve business performance. Design/methodology/approach – This paper presents an empirical investigation of 170 immigrant family business owners. The authors examine social capital as a multidimensional construct and focus on two attributes of social capital: structural embeddedness and relational embeddedness. In addition, this study examines how social capital influences business performance through the mediating effect of network benefits. Finally, the constructs of family capital and immigrant community capacity are also investigated. Findings – The results suggest that the two attributes of social capital differed in their effects on network benefits, and that network benefits mediated the influence of social capital attributes on family business performance. Specifically, relational social capital influenced access to resources and information, and structural social capital influenced access to resources. Family ties affected network benefits and business performance, and immigrant community capacity had the predicted moderating effect on the relationship between immigrant community ties and network benefits. Originality/value – This investigation has the potential to advance understanding of immigrant family businesses by assessing how the overall social capital of the family business owner influences business performance. The study also furthers the understanding of family capital and immigrant community capacity. In addition, these results serve practitioners by helping identify avenues to increase immigrant family business performance, an issue that is increasingly important today given the contribution of such businesses to the economic vitality of societies.
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Payán, Denise Diaz, Kathryn Pitkin Derose, María Altagracia Fulcar, Hugo Farías, and Kartika Palar. "“It Was as Though My Spirit Left, Like They Killed Me”: The Disruptive Impact of an HIV-Positive Diagnosis among Women in the Dominican Republic." Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care (JIAPAC) 18 (January 1, 2019): 232595821984904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325958219849042.
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An HIV diagnosis may be associated with severe emotional and psychological distress, which can contribute to delays in care or poor self-management. Few studies have explored the emotional, psychological, and psychosocial impacts of an HIV diagnosis on women in low-resource settings. We conducted in-depth interviews with 30 women living with HIV in the Dominican Republic. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using the biographical disruption framework. Three disruption phases emerged (impacts of a diagnosis, postdiagnosis turning points, and integration). Nearly all respondents described the news as deeply distressful and feelings of depression and loss of self-worth were common. Several reported struggling with the decision to disclose—worrying about stigma. Postdiagnosis turning points consisted of a focus on survival and motherhood; social support (family members, friends, HIV community) promoted integration. The findings suggest a need for psychological resources and social support interventions to mitigate the negative impacts of an HIV diagnosis.
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Dos Santos, Luis Miguel. "I Want to Become a Registered Nurse as a Non-Traditional, Returning, Evening, and Adult Student in a Community College: A Study of Career-Changing Nursing Students." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 16 (August 5, 2020): 5652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165652.
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The current significant human resource and workforce shortages of registered nurses (RNs) are impacting urban, suburban, and rural hospitals and healthcare facilities all over the globe, regardless of the entities’ economic and financial backgrounds. The purpose of this research study is to understand why non-traditional, returning, evening, and adult (NTREA) students decided to enrol at the Associate Degree in Nursing programme during their mid-adulthood? 40 s-career nursing students who are pursuing their nursing programme were invited to individual interview sessions and focus group activities on sharing and expressing the motivations in the New England region in the United States. Based on the theoretical framework of Social Cognitive Career Theory, the researcher concluded that family consideration and higher social status were two of the major themes. The study provided a blueprint for human resource professionals, health and social caring leaders, government agencies, policymakers, and researchers to reform their current nursing curriculum and health workforce policy to attract potential second-career nursing joining the nursing profession.
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Roll, Anne E., and Barbara J. Bowers. "Building and Connecting: Family Strategies for Developing Social Support Networks for Adults With Down Syndrome." Journal of Family Nursing 25, no. 1 (January 24, 2019): 128–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1074840718823578.
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Being embedded in social networks is crucial for well-being and health. While this is particularly the case for people with Down syndrome (DS), our knowledge of how their support networks are developed is limited. This article investigates the role of family members in developing and maintaining the social support networks of their adult children with DS. Based on 29 interviews with family members, a grounded theory study was conducted. The Family Building and Connecting (BAC) framework was developed, which distinguishes a “building” and a “connecting” approach. The building approach includes strategies that rely on family members and close friends for building a support network for the person with DS. The connecting approach includes strategies that connect the person with DS to external and often professional resources and services. Distinguishing these approaches is important for future research and for strengthening the support networks of people with DS and their families.
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Armstrong, Kate, Alain Benedict Yap, Sioksoan Chan-Cua, Maria E. Craig, Catherine Cole, Vu Chi Dung, Joseph Hansen, et al. "We All Have a Role to Play: Redressing Inequities for Children Living with CAH and Other Chronic Health Conditions of Childhood in Resource-Poor Settings." International Journal of Neonatal Screening 6, no. 4 (September 25, 2020): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijns6040076.
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CLAN (Caring and Living as Neighbours) is an Australian-based non-governmental organisation (NGO) committed to equity for children living with chronic health conditions in resource-poor settings. Since 2004, CLAN has collaborated with a broad range of partners across the Asia Pacific region to improve quality of life for children living with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). This exploratory case study uses the Knowledge to Action (KTA) framework to analyse CLAN’s activities for children living with CAH in the Asia Pacific. The seven stages of the KTA action cycle inform a systematic examination of comprehensive, collaborative, sustained actions to address a complex health challenge. The KTA framework demonstrates the “how” of CLAN’s approach to knowledge creation and exchange, and the centrality of community development to multisectoral collaborative action across a range of conditions, cultures and countries to redressing child health inequities. This includes a commitment to: affordable access to essential medicines and equipment; education, research and advocacy; optimisation of medical management; encouragement of family support groups; efforts to reduce financial burdens; and ethical, transparent program management as critical components of success. Improvements in quality of life and health outcomes are achievable for children living with CAH and other chronic health conditions in resource-poor settings. CLAN’s strategic framework for action offers a model for those committed to #LeaveNoChildBehind.
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Feng, Shihui, Liaquat Hossain, and Douglas Paton. "Harnessing informal education for community resilience." Disaster Prevention and Management 27, no. 1 (February 5, 2018): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/dpm-07-2017-0157.
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Purpose Disaster education is considered as a newly emerging area of research and practice, which promotes community-based educational approaches for building resilience. Given the atypical nature of these disturbances, people and communities need to develop the knowledge required to anticipate and understand what they could have to contend with and proactively develop strategies that can minimize their risk and afford ways to cope with and adapt to adverse situations in an effective manner. The purpose of this paper is to suggest that informal education resulting from daily activities related to work, family life, or leisure can be harnessed to develop disaster resilience within community settings. Design/methodology/approach This conceptual paper provides the discussion and synthesis of literature covering community resilience, disaster risk reduction (DRR) and informal education. In doing so, this study proposes a conceptual framework and implementation strategies for harnessing informal education in building community resilience. Findings To harness informal disaster education for community resilience, the authors suggest a conceptual framework and four implementation strategies with the corresponding implications: cultivate social environment for conversations, discussions, reflections and learning; design social activities for promoting and encouraging informal learning; appropriate interventions by informal educators in social activities; and transparent resources and channels for information and social supports. A compilation of a number of community-based DRR practices involving civil society organizations has been incorporated in the proposed framework for exemplifying informal disaster education for community resilience. Originality/value Promoting informal education in community settings is aimed at building community resilience in a collective way, which is especially important in disaster-prone areas. Informal education for community resilience not only educates individuals how to deal with disasters, but also connects individuals together to be more resilient in their ability to cope or bounce back from adverse events in their life.
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Beard, Victoria A. "Individual Determinants of Participation in Community Development in Indonesia." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 23, no. 1 (February 2005): 21–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c36m.
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Given the new decentralization legislation in Indonesia, citizen participation is an increasingly important factor in planning and development policies. Yet policymakers have inadequate information about the types of individuals likely to contribute their knowledge, time, and economic resources to the development process. This paper provides a background and conceptual framework for understanding citizen participation in community development as well as the related components of civil society and social capital in Indonesia. A series of logistic and ordinary least squares regression models are used to analyze the effect of individual demographic and socioeconomic characteristics on the likelihood of participation in community development. I conclude that participatory community development (1) restricts women's participation beyond the role of family caretaker, and (2) has a limited capacity to help the poor.
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Wu, Shinyi, Katherine Foster, Magaly Ramirez, Haomiao Jin, and Elizabeth Joe. "How Well Do Videos on YouTube Meet Information Needs of ADRD Family Caregivers? A Qualitative Analysis." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 273–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.875.
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Abstract Family caregivers need access to information, education, and support for taking care of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and other dementia (ADRD). As YouTube is increasingly being used for sharing health information, videos regarding the disease and caregiving are becoming an important source of information to support family ADRD caregivers. This study aimed to assess the types and quality of information available on YouTube videos related to ADRD caregiving. A framework categorizing information needs of family ADRD caregivers was developed through a qualitative study with caregivers (N=21) and with healthcare and community stakeholders (N=6). The framework was used to conduct content analysis of YouTube videos. Nineteen categories of information needs were identified, including information about ADRD, healthcare services and treatment, available community resources, caregiving skills, and short- and long-term care. YouTube videos that met the keywords, language, and view selection criteria were evaluated by two coders on a developed rating scale to measure their relevance and helpfulness. A neurologist verified the ratings in 10% of the coded videos for quality assurance. There were 48 English and 23 Spanish videos met the selection criteria. More English (89.6%) than Spanish (56.5%) videos provided tips on handling specific ADRD symptoms. The majority categories of information needs (15 of the 19) were absent in most videos (87.0%, 89.6%). Many of the most watched videos were not rated as helpful. Community-based providers and healthcare organizations are encouraged to make high quality needed information in commonly accessed videos sharing service to support ADRD family caregivers.
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Knapp, Sandra, Lynn Bohs, Michael Nee, and David M. Spooner. "Solanaceae—A Model for Linking Genomics with Biodiversity." Comparative and Functional Genomics 5, no. 3 (2004): 285–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cfg.393.
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Recent progress in understanding the phylogeny of the economically important plant family Solanaceae makes this an ideal time to develop models for linking the new data on plant genomics with the huge diversity of naturally occurring species in the family. Phylogenetics provides the framework with which to investigate these linkages but, critically, good species-level descriptive resources for the Solanaceae community are currently missing. Phylogeny in the family as a whole is briefly reviewed, and the new NSF Planetary Biodiversity Inventories project ‘PBI: Solanum—a worldwide treatment’ is described. The aims of this project are to provide species-level information across the global scope of the genusSolanumand to make this available over the Internet. The project is in its infancy, but will make available nomenclatural information, descriptions, keys and illustrative material for all of the approximately 1500 species ofSolanum. With this project, the opportunity of linking valid, up-to-date taxonomic information about wild species ofSolanumwith the genomic information being generated about the economically important species of the genus (potato, tomato and eggplant) can be realized. The phylogenetic framework in which the PBI project is set is also of enormous potential benefit to other workers onSolanum. The community of biologists working with Solanaceae has a unique opportunity to effectively link genomics and taxonomy for better understanding of this important family, taking plant biology to a new level for the next century.
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Kruske, Sue, Lesley Barclay, and Virginia Schmied. "Primary Health Care, Partnership and Polemic: Child and Family Health Nursing Support in Early Parenting." Australian Journal of Primary Health 12, no. 2 (2006): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py06023.
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This qualitative research utilised a health services research framework and ethnographic methods to explore, describe and analyse contemporary child and family health (C&FH) nursing practice in an area of New South Wales, and identify the major factors that impact on their ability to effectively support families. The research identified the complexity of current C&FH nursing practice and changes in the philosophy that underpinned this at the policy level that were difficult to adopt. Despite a change in policy direction that advocated a partnership approach, nurses predominantly continue to frame their practice within an "expert" model. The nurses also struggled to deliver new service models while maintaining access for all families. Some explanations for the tensions experienced by the nurses relate to their age and educational preparation within the workforce. Other factors relate to the structures and management systems evident within the health service that employs them. To effectively support new families within the community, health systems must adequately resource services and support C&FH nurses in changing from a paradigm of expert to partner, consistent with primary health care practice.
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Pfefferbaum, MD, JD, Betty, Anne K. Jacobs, PhD, and J. Brian Houston, PhD. "Children and disasters: A framework for mental health assessment." Journal of Emergency Management 10, no. 5 (September 1, 2012): 349. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2012.0112.
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Background: Providers serving children’s mental health needs face the complexities of tailoring assessments based on developmental stages, family characteristics, school involvement, and cultural and economic factors.This task is even more challenging in the face of a disaster, terrorist incident, or other mass trauma event. Traditional mental health knowledge and skills may not be sufficient to meet children’s needs in these chaotic situations. Unfortunately, disaster planning and response often overlook or only briefly address the unique mental health needs of children. While there is general agreement that children have specific vulnerabilities, few comprehensive plans exist for identifying and addressing children’s mental health needs predisaster and postdisaster.Objectives/methods: Based on a review of the literature, the objectives of this article are to provide an overview of the central tenets of assessment with children throughout the course of a disaster and to propose a framework for disaster mental health assessment that can be used by a variety of providers in community disaster planning and response.Results: Disaster-related assessments are described including surveillance, psychological triage, needs assessment, screening, clinical evaluation, and program evaluation. This article also identifies easily accessible resources for responders and providers who desire to become more familiar with child disaster mental health assessment concepts.Conclusions: The framework described here provides an overview for understanding how assessment can be conducted to identify child and family needs and to inform the delivery of services following a disaster.
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D. Koehn, Sharon, Pavlina Jarvis, Sharanjit K. Sandhra, Satwinder K. Bains, and Madeleine Addison. "Promoting mental health of immigrant seniors in community." Ethnicity and Inequalities in Health and Social Care 7, no. 3 (September 9, 2014): 146–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eihsc-11-2013-0048.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore if and how community organizations providing services to late-in-life Punjabi immigrants in British Columbia, Canada, offer services with the potential to promote their mental health or well-being. The authors also wanted to know how Punjabi seniors perceived available services and if they supported their mental well-being. Design/methodology/approach – To guide the research, the authors used the VicHealth Framework, which identifies three overarching social and economic determinants of mental health: social inclusion (SI), freedom from violence and discrimination, and access to economic resources and participation. This mixed methods study combines descriptive survey and qualitative focus group data with input from Punjabi seniors and community service providers. Findings – All three mental health determinants were identified as important by service providers and seniors, with SI as the most important. Family dynamics (shaped by migration and sponsorship status) influence all three determinants and can promote or diminish mental well-being. Research limitations/implications – The pilot study is limited in sample size and scope and further inquiry with different groups of immigrant older adults is warranted. Practical implications – Service providers assert that more outreach and sustainable funding are needed to reach the majority of potential beneficiaries unable to participate in community programmes. Information on mental well-being of seniors should be targeted at both seniors and their families. Originality/value – The VicHealth Framework provided a unique lens through which to explore the contributions of community organizations to mental health promotion for immigrant older adults.
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Athié, Karen, Christopher Dowrick, Alice Lopes do Amaral Menezes, Luanda Cruz, Ana Cristina Lima, Pedro Gabriel Godinho Delgado, Cesar Favoretto, and Sandra Fortes. "Anxious and depressed women's experiences of emotional suffering and help seeking in a Rio de Janeiro favela." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 22, no. 1 (January 2017): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232017221.11732016.
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Abstract Taking into consideration issues such as stigma and the mental health gap, this study explores narratives of anxious and depressed women treated in a community-based primary care service in a Rio de Janeiro favela about their suffering and care. We analysed 13 in-depth interviews using questions from Kadam's study. Framework analysis studied Access, Gateway, Trust, Psychosocial Issues, and Primary Mental Health Care, as key-concepts. Vulnerability and accessibility were the theoretical references. Thematic analysis found “suffering category”, highlighting family and community problems, and “help seeking category”, indicating how these women have coped with their emotional problems and addressed their needs through health services, community resources and self-help. Women's language patterns indicated links between implicit social rules and constraints to talk about suffering, especially if related to local violence. High medical turnover and overload are barriers for establishing a positive relationship with family physicians and continuity of care is a facilitator that promotes trust, security and adherence. Concluding, to plan community-based primary mental health care of this population, cultural and social factors must be comprehended as well as the work health teams conditions.
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Alrawi, Yousuf. "Exploring barriers to family planning service utilization and uptake among women in Iraq." Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal 27, no. 8 (August 26, 2021): 818–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.26719/emhj.21.015.
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Background: Family planning helps to avoid unwanted pregnancy and reduce maternal mortality and morbidity. Contraceptive prevalence is still relatively low (58%) in Iraq compared with other countries in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, and the unmet need (12%) and total fertility (4.2 children per woman) rates are still high. Services are available free of charge or heavily subsidized in many public and private health facilities, yet many women may still not use them due to social, cultural, financial or health care services constraints. Aims: This scoping review explores barriers to family planning services utilization and uptake among women in Iraq. Methods: The review uses an adapted conceptual framework from quality of care and human rights-based frameworks to analyse published scientific studies. Results: At policy level, the government has supported family planning but not enough resources were allocated. At the service level, low family planning promotion from health care providers (especially during antenatal care visits) along with provider bias for certain types of contraception, have contributed to inaccurate information and misconceptions. At the community and individual level, women’s choice is still largely influenced by the husband’s position on contraception as men are still considered the key decision-makers in regard to fertility. Valuing a large family is still a barrier to family planning services utilization and uptake whereas religion was found to support the use of family planning. Conclusion: There is a need to provide promotional messages and encouraging mutual fertility decisions.
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Holley, Lyn, Kara l. Kohel, Holly Hatton-Bowers, and Susan Harris-Broomfield. "CASES OF OPTIMALLY LOCAL SOLUTIONS TO UNMET NEEDS OF RURAL-DWELLING OLDER ADULTS: ROLES OF NESTED NETWORKS." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S552—S553. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.2036.
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Abstract Solutions developed top-down frequently make suboptimal use of resources. Programs (e.g., caregiver respite) are studied extensively; study focused on the roles of nested networks (family/locality/state/nation) that intersect in care is lacking. To identify and assess potential for improving solutions, this study examines cases acknowledged to provide optimal support. It identifies and describes network roles and intersections critical to success, with particular attention to timing and intentionality of family and community interfaces. Findings may suggest improved design and operation of programs through targeted empowerment of networks Cases were identified in cooperation with the Nebraska Extension service, and analyzed by a multidisciplinary team that included Family Science and Gerontology. Rural-dwelling older adults who benefited from the solution, expert practitioners, officials and local champions were interviewed. Analysis included private and public actors, and explains outcomes within a cultural (e.g., individualist, independent) and opportunity (e.g. information, financial and human resources) framework (Gelfand, 2003).
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Das, Jennifer, Laura Hartman, Gillian King, Nicola Jones-Stokreef, Charlotte Moore Hepburn, and Melanie Penner. "PERSPECTIVES OF NON-URBAN GENERAL PEDIATRICIANS ON DIAGNOSING AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER." Paediatrics & Child Health 23, suppl_1 (May 18, 2018): e35-e36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxy054.092.
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Abstract BACKGROUND Wait times for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis contribute to delayed access to ASD interventions, which are most effective at young ages. General paediatricians (GPs) represent a potential resource for increasing diagnostic capacity and decreasing wait times for ASD diagnostic assessments. No current research has yet to solicit perspectives of non-urban GPs on ASD diagnosis. OBJECTIVES The objective of this project was to explore the perspectives of GPs practicing in smaller Ontario communities regarding their diagnostic processes and their role in ASD diagnostic assessment. DESIGN/METHODS We performed a qualitative study using thematic analysis of GPs’ experiences with cases of suspected ASD. GPs from three small/medium-sized Ontario communities (population range: 14,000–64,000) were recruited to provide variation in perspectives. Semi-structured interviews were conducted, transcribed, and coded. A preliminary theoretical framework was developed and sent to participants with a request for feedback (member checking). Feedback did not necessitate any significant changes to the framework. RESULTS 14 GPs participated in interviews (7 from Community A, 4 from Community B, 3 from Community C). All participants considered ASD diagnosis to be in the GP’s scope of practice and part of their service to their community. Many sought out and self-funded additional ASD training as necessitated by their practices. Our framework identified three stages in the diagnosis of ASD: pre-assessment (gathering information prior to the first clinic visit), diagnosis, and service access. All of these stages are influenced by ecological factors including the individual patient/family, individual physician factors, factors reflecting the GP’s community group practice (i.e., how the group has decided its members will approach developmental referrals), and factors concerning the broader system of ASD care. CONCLUSION GPs practicing in non-urban Ontario communities routinely diagnose ASD and see this as part of their scope of practice. Compared to their urban counterparts, they emphasized a stronger sense of responsibility to provide this service to their communities. Strategies aimed at increasing diagnostic capacity should target group practices, increase availability of ASD specific training programs, and improve efficiency of clinic visits through pre-clinic information gathering. Further research regarding accuracy of GP assessments is required.
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Cuthbert, Colleen A., Kathryn King-Shier, Dean Ruether, Dianne M. Tapp, and S. Nicole Culos-Reed. "What is the State of the Science on Physical Activity Interventions for Family Caregivers? A Systematic Review and RE-AIM Evaluation." Journal of Physical Activity and Health 14, no. 7 (July 2017): 578–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jpah.2016-0280.
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Background:Family caregivers are an important health care resource and represent a significant proportion of Canadian and US populations. Family caregivers suffer physical and psychological health problems because of being in the caregiver role. Interventions to support caregiver health, including physical activity (PA), are slow to be investigated and translated into practice.Purpose:To examine the evidence for PA interventions in caregivers and determine factors hampering the uptake of this evidence into practice.Methods:A systematic review and evaluation of internal and external validity using the RE-AIM (Reach, Efficacy/Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) framework was conducted. Randomized controlled trials or pretest/posttest studies of PA interventions were included.Results:Fourteen studies were published between 1997 and 2015. Methodological quality of studies and risk of bias was variable. External validity criteria were often not reported. Mean reporting levels were 1) reach, 53%; 2) efficacy/effectiveness, 73%; 3) adoption, 18%; 4) implementation, 48%; and 5) maintenance, 2%.Conclusions:The lack of reporting of components of internal and external validity hinders the integration of caregiver PA interventions into clinical or community settings. Researchers should focus on standardized outcomes, accepted reporting criteria, and balancing factors of internal and external validity, to advance the state of the science.
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Cabanes, Anna, Mary Rose Giattas, Mavalynne Orozco-Urdaneta, Groesbeck Parham, Leeya Pinder, Armando Sardi, and Safina Yuma. "Different Routes, Similar Destination: Building Breast Care Models in Tanzania, Zambia, and Colombia." Journal of Global Oncology 4, Supplement 3 (October 2018): 7s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.18.10050.
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Purpose Cancer is becoming an urgent problem in low- and middle-income countries as the global burden of disease shifts from infectious to noncommunicable diseases. Whereas cervical cancer and breast cancer are preventable and treatable, these diseases are the leading causes of women’s cancer deaths in low-resource settings, mostly because of late-stage presentation and limited diagnostic and treatment capacities. Methods Using the Breast Health Global Initiative resource-stratified guidelines and a phased implementation approach, countries with resource constraints have designed and implemented breast cancer interventions that allow for a balanced, efficient, and equitable use of limited resources. Results Tanzania, Zambia, and a rural area of Colombia serve as examples of evidence-based approaches to the implementation of breast cancer control programs, leveraging the successes and experiences of existing care platforms—mostly cervical cancer and HIV—while creating a solid foundation for country ownership and sustainability. Tanzania used a top-down approach, investing in understanding the needs through a breast health care assessment to inform policy and practice, as well as building a national policy framework. Zambia analyzed the successes and experiences of their public Cervical Cancer Prevention Program to introduce breast cancer education, detection, and surgical treatment, and to improve the time of diagnosis for breast cancer using the single-visit approach recommended by WHO for cervical cancer. A rural community in Colombia has focused on mitigating some of the most common barriers that women face during their cancer journey by improving the cancer education of medical personnel, providing technology for early diagnosis, and implementing an outreach and navigation program that has significantly reduced waiting times from screening through diagnosis and treatment. Conclusion What are key characteristics that guarantee success? Country ownership is crucial, with political, institutional, and community ownership; capabilities; and accountability. Under these four dimensions and a phased implementation framework, we explain the approach that civil society, ministries of health, and stakeholders have taken to implement these programs. AUTHORS' DISCLOSURES OF POTENTIAL CONFLICTS OF INTEREST The following represents disclosure information provided by authors of this manuscript. All relationships are considered compensated. Relationships are self-held unless noted. I = Immediate Family Member, Inst = My Institution. Relationships may not relate to the subject matter of this manuscript. For more information about ASCO's conflict of interest policy, please refer to www.asco.org/rwc or ascopubs.org/jco/site/ifc . Anna Cabanes Research Funding: Pfizer, Genentech, Merk (Inst) Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: Pfizer, Astra Zeneca Mary Rose Giattas Research Funding: Pfizer, Genentech, Merk (Inst) Travel, Accommodations, Expenses: Pfizer, Astra Zeneca Mavalynne Orozco Urdaneta Stock or Other Ownership: Celgene, Johnson and Johnson Armando Sardi Stock or Other Ownership: Celgene, Johnson and Johnson
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Reynolds, Michelle C., Susan B. Palmer, and Kelli N. Barton. "Supporting Active Aging for Persons with Severe Disabilities and Their Families Across the Life Course." Research and Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities 44, no. 4 (October 20, 2019): 211–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1540796919880561.
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Individuals with severe disabilities and their families can engage in person-centered and family-centered planning for aging using a life course view. Viewing aging within the context of the family and disability is essential because many people with severe disabilities depend on their families for supports in daily living, social relationships, and for activities within communities. Since eligibility-based supports are often limited, parents and other family members play large roles both financially and socially in helping their family member move through the life course into active and healthy aging. Charting the LifeCourse is a framework that both people with disabilities and their families can use to achieve desired life outcomes over time. Issues that impact active and healthy aging for people with disabilities include the aging of caregivers, death of a caregiver, limited resources for supporting physical and health concerns, staying active in the community following retirement, and maintaining social emotional connections.
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Puchalt, Jaime Perales. "CuidaTXT: A Text Message Dementia-Caregiver Intervention for Latinos." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 769. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2777.
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Abstract Latino family caregivers of people with dementia have low access to caregiver support. Text messaging holds potential to dramatically enhance the reach of caregiver support interventions among Latinos. This presentation will describe the CuidaTXT Project, with a special emphasis on approach to recruitment and community engagement to achieve the objectives of designing and testing the first dementia caregiver-support text message intervention for Latinos. Based on the Stress Process Framework, CuidaTXT incorporates social support and coping components including AD education, problem-solving skills training, social network support, care management and referral to community resources via tailored two-way messaging. Engagement in CuidaTXT benefited from multi-source recruitment efforts in the Latino community-network built over a three-year period. The network is comprised of senior, religious and community centers, the local media, clinics, a Latino registry and a dementia health navigation service. This presentation will describe processes for assembling and engaging the network for CuidaTXT.
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Ghiron, Laura, Eric Ramirez-Ferrero, Rita Badiani, Regina Benevides, Alexis Ntabona, Peter Fajans, and Ruth Simmons. "Promoting Scale-Up Across a Global Project Platform: Lessons from the Evidence to Action Project." Global Implementation Research and Applications 1, no. 2 (May 18, 2021): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43477-021-00013-4.
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AbstractThe USAID-funded flagship family planning service delivery project named Evidence to Action (E2A) worked from 2011 to 2021 to improve family planning and reproductive health for women and girls across seventeen nations in sub-Saharan Africa using a “scaling-up mindset.” The paper discusses three key lessons emerging from the project’s experience with applying ExpandNet’s systematic approach to scale up. The methodology uses ExpandNet/WHO’s scaling-up framework and guidance tools to design and implement pilot or demonstration projects in ways that look ahead to their future scale-up; develop a scaling-up strategy with local stakeholders; and then strategically manage the scaling-up process. The paper describes how a scaling-up mindset was engendered, first within the project’s technical team in Washington and then how they subsequently sought to build capacity at the country level to support scale-up work throughout E2A’s portfolio of activities. The project worked with local multi-stakeholder resource teams, often led by government officials, to equip them to lead the scale-up of family planning and health system strengthening interventions. Examples from project experience in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Nigeria, and Uganda illustrating key concepts are discussed. E2A also established a community of practice on systematic approaches to scale up as a platform for sharing learning across a variety of technical agencies engaged in scale-up work and to create learning opportunities for interacting with thought leaders around critical scale-up issues.
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Serbati, Sara, and Andrea Petrella. "La vicinanza solidale in contesti di vulnerabilità familiare. La partecipazione nella comunità come strada per ricostruire i tessuti sociali." Rivista Italiana di Educazione Familiare 18, no. 1 (June 19, 2021): 273–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/rief-9884.
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Family vulnerability is a particular social situation, characterised by high levels of relational complexity, with serious consequences for the fulfilment of the developmental needs of a child. In the framework of the P.I.P.P.I. Programme (Programme of Intervention for the Prevention of Institutionalisation), social support is intended as a form of solidarity between families that aims to help a family through the support of another family, or individuals. In order to face vulnerability and social exclusion, P.I.P.P.I. promotes the mobilisation of these resources. The paper is therefore focused on a case study based in Sondrio (Italy), carried out within the P.I.P.P.I. Programme. The professionals together with the researchers tested their understanding, also promoting dialogue-meetings with families. These dialogical and interactive contexts generated new and unexpected interpretations of this phenomenon, framing it into an educational process that meets the needs of children and families, and promoting community participation as a way to reconstruct local social networks as well.
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Douglas, Maureen L., Shawna L. McGhan, Danielle Tougas, Nancy Fenton, Christopher Sarin, Oxana Latycheva, and A. Dean Befus. "Asthma Education Program for First Nations Children: An exemplar of the Knowledge-to-Action Framework." Canadian Respiratory Journal 20, no. 4 (2013): 295–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/260489.
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BACKGROUND: The prevalence of asthma in Aboriginal children is 6% to 14%. Gaps in knowledge regarding asthma and its management exist in First Nations (FN) communities, and culturally relevant education and resources are required. Studies have recommended that the children’s asthma education program, the ‘Roaring Adventures of Puff’, be modified through partnership with FN communities to be culturally appropriate.OBJECTIVE: To adapt this knowledge tool and design an effective implementation process for FN knowledge users (children with asthma and care providers), guided by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research knowledge translation framework.METHODS: The problem was identified, knowledge was identified/reviewed/selected (literature review); knowledge was adapted to the local context (FN working and advisory groups); barriers to knowledge use were assessed (by knowledge users); and interventions were selected, tailored and implemented (modified curricula and the creation of a new activity book and web-based resources, and regional coordinators, asthma educator mentors and community teams were recruited).RESULTS: Major outcomes were the adapted tools and blueprints for tailoring implementation. Additional outcomes were preliminary observations and outputs from the iterative processes, including information about local context and barriers. Specific additions were roles for community members supported by asthma educators (applying FN teaching models and addressing health care demands); relevant triggers (addressing knowledge gaps); and FN images and stories, themes of circle, sacred teachings, nature and family/elders (culture and addressing low reading levels).CONCLUSION: The framework model provides a logical, valuable tool for adapting a knowledge tool and implementation process to new knowledge users. Future research should measure uptake, effect on health outcomes of FN asthma sufferers and sustainability.
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Parada, Maria Jose, Georges Samara, Alexandra Dawson, and Eduard Bonet. "Prosperity over time and across generations: the role of values and virtues in family businesses." Journal of Organizational Change Management 33, no. 4 (September 9, 2019): 639–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-11-2018-0341.
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Purpose Despite the great importance attributed to values in the family business, few studies have focused on their importance and on how such values influence the way family businesses behave over time. Using Aristotelian virtues as our main framework, the purpose of this paper is to understand what motivates both family members and business families to perform virtuous acts, therefore, observing the underlying beliefs at both levels of analysis that make individuals and families repeatedly behave in a way that reflects the pursuit of excellence of character. Design/methodology/approach The authors rely on a qualitative methodology, following an interpretive approach. Based on the narratives of family members from two Spanish family businesses, the authors abductively analyze how values and virtues in family businesses allow them to cope with changes that occur across generations. Findings Findings suggest that family businesses that have survived heavy crises have been able to overcome these critical moments in part due to their strong virtues – both at the individual and at the family level – where the so-called four cardinal virtues have been evident, for example, through the achievement of collective goals and adherence to a stated mission, as well as through behaviors that have been aimed at improving and benefiting the community. Practical implications Values are the basis for all businesses and their behaviors. Understanding the type of values, as well as the underlying virtues, that allow for prosperity across generations is important for business families to perpetuate those that allow the family business to thrive. Originality/value This paper contributes to the family business field by exploring a key understudied dimension that determines family business prosperity over time and across generations. It brings to the forefront values and virtues that are rarely studied in this setting despite their great importance, using narratives as a key element for value transmission as well as a research method that allows for deeper insights about specific processes.
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Fauk, Nelsensius Klau, Anastasia Suci Sukmawati, Sri Sunaringsih Ika Wardojo, Margareta Teli, Yoh Kenedy Bere, and Lillian Mwanri. "The Intention of Men Who Have Sex With Men to Participate in Voluntary Counseling and HIV Testing and Access Free Condoms in Indonesia." American Journal of Men's Health 12, no. 5 (June 1, 2018): 1175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988318779737.
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This study aimed to identify factors that influenced the intention of men who have sex with men (MSM) to participate in voluntary counseling and HIV testing (VCT) and in accessing free condoms. A qualitative inquiry using one-on-one in-depth interviews was conducted with MSM participants who were recruited using a purposive sampling technique. Data analysis was guided by a framework analysis for qualitative data by Ritchie and Spencer, and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework was used to analyze the data. The findings were grouped into three themes—namely, (a) attitude encompassing knowledge about HIV/AIDS and HIV/AIDS services and the belief about the positive outcomes of the services; (b) subjective norms including support from MSM peers and family members and motivation to comply with the support; and (c) perceived behavioral control, which is associated with resource availability and having confidence and positive intention to participate in VCT and willingness to access free condoms. Findings indicated that personal, community, and structural factors were predictors to intention to accessing services. Interventions targeting large numbers of MSM population and further studies to understand what needs to be done by nongovernmental organizations and governmental institutions to halt the spread of HIV infections among MSM populations and increase their intention to use HIV/AIDS services are also recommended.
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Atilola, Olayinka. "Where Lies the Risk? An Ecological Approach to Understanding Child Mental Health Risk and Vulnerabilities in Sub-Saharan Africa." Psychiatry Journal 2014 (2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/698348.
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Efforts at improving child-health and development initiatives in sub-Saharan Africa had focused on the physical health of children due to the neglect of child and adolescent mental health (CAMH) policy initiatives. A thorough and broad-based understanding of the prevalent child mental-health risk and vulnerability factors is needed to successfully articulate CAMH policies. In this discourse, we present a narrative on the child mental-health risk and vulnerability factors in sub-Saharan Africa. Through an ecological point of view, we identified widespread family poverty, poor availability and uptake of childcare resources, inadequate community and institutional childcare systems, and inadequate framework for social protection for vulnerable children as among the risk and vulnerability factors for CAMH in the region. Others are poor workplace policy/practice that does not support work-family life balance, poor legislative framework for child protection, and some harmful traditional practices. We conclude that an ecological approach shows that child mental-health risks are diverse and cut across different layers of the care environment. The approach also provides a broad and holistic template from which appropriate CAMH policy direction in sub-Saharan Africa can be understood.
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Starnes, Joseph R., Lauren Slesur, Neil Holby, Saad Rehman, and Robert F. Miller. "Predicting No-shows at a Student-Run Comprehensive Primary Care Clinic." Family Medicine 51, no. 10 (November 7, 2019): 845–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.22454/fammed.2019.406053.
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Background and Objectives: Missed appointments represent a significant challenge to the efficient and effective provision of care in the outpatient setting. High no-show rates result in ineffective use of human resources and contribute to loss of follow-up. Shade Tree Clinic (STC) is a student-run, comprehensive primary care clinic that serves more than 350 Middle Tennessee residents. This study aimed to use available data to predict no-shows to improve clinic efficiency and service quality. Methods: Data were pulled from clinic scheduling software for all appointments at STC between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2015. Weather data were added for each appointment date using an online database. Multivariable logistic regression was used to create models from these historical data. Results: A total of 13,499 appointments were included with an overall show rate of 69.2%. The final model contained previous show rate (OR 1.063; P<.001), day of the week (OR 1.20; P<.001), automated reminder (OR 1.40; P<.001), snow in inches (OR .33; P<.001), and high ambient temperature in degrees (OR 1.01; P<.001). Using a cutoff probability of the 25th percentile, the model had a negative predictive value of 61.0%. Conclusions: Based on readily available data and a novel conceptual framework, we can identify the quarter of patients least likely to present for scheduled appointments and target them for interventions, allowing care providers to more effectively address community health care disparities through the clinic. This analysis is replicable at any clinic using an electronic medical record.
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Ali Oakkas, Mohammad, and Md Fakrul Islam. "Fishing Community in Wetland Region of Bangladesh: Views from the Field Experiences of Hakaluki Haor." Journal of Underrepresented & Minority Progress 4, no. 2 (December 9, 2020): 287–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.32674/jump.v4i2.2681.
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This study is a part of doctoral dissertation which basically observes the socio-economic condition of the artisanal fishing community of Hakaluki Haor in Bangladesh. The original study is exploratory in nature, and both qualitative and quantitative approaches have been used to attain the goals and objectives of the study. The main objective of the current article is to identify the present socio-demographic background of Hoar fishing community in Bangladesh. Data analysis has focused on the actual situation of the household of fishing community from the Haor perspective. The findings of the study have been categorized on the basis of five capitals (i.e., social, human, physical, financial and natural resources) that structure the conceptual framework of the study. It is shown that most of the fishing community in the Haor basin are living under the most unpleasant and vulnerable conditions in terms of income, food security, housing patterns, health and sanitation conditions. Other issues center around child marriage, family planning, and social relations among the dwellers of the community. Also, among the observed problems are decision making, power practice, participation in development activities, socio-economic position in education and local institutions.
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Cherry, MG, P. Salmon, JM Dickson, D. Powell, S. Sikdar, and J. Ablett. "Factors influencing the resilience of carers of individuals with dementia." Reviews in Clinical Gerontology 23, no. 4 (October 18, 2013): 251–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959259813000130.
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SummaryMost individuals with dementia live in the community, receiving care from family or lay carers. Carers’ wellbeing, and the quality of the care they provide, depends on their resilience in the face of the challenges associated with caring for someone with dementia. However, factors associated with carers’ resilience are not yet fully understood. The aim of this review is to present a narrative synthesis of factors, materials and resources associated with carers’ resilience. Electronic and hand searches identified relevant published literature, which was narratively synthesized. A framework consisting of three inter-related domains of factors influencing carers’ resilience emerged, encompassing: social and cultural factors; properties of the care relationship; and carers’ psychological factors. Holistic assessment based on this framework can help practitioners to identify vulnerable carers and to target help on factors that help to make them vulnerable but that are amenable to change.
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Nair, Sreekanth, Aarti Jagannathan, Suresh Kudumallige, Channaveerachari Naveen Kumar, and Jagadisha Thirthalli. "Need for micro-finance self-help groups among women family caregivers of persons with mental disability in rural India." Mental Health and Social Inclusion 22, no. 1 (February 12, 2018): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mhsi-10-2017-0039.
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Purpose Micro-finance self-help groups empower caregivers to indulge in productive activities based on the local availability of resources to reduce their financial burden. The purpose of this paper is to assess the need for and feasibility of initiating micro-finance groups for the caregivers of persons with mental disability in a rural socio-economically backward community of Karnataka, India. Design/methodology/approach The design of the study was a cross-sectional survey, with mixed methodology design out of the eight localities where the Mental Health Public Health Centres (PHC) were running successfully in Konandur area, Thirthahalli Taluk, Karnataka, one PHC was selected using simple Random Sampling Design and a 5 kms radius from Konandur town was selected as the area of the survey (190 households). During door-to-door survey, if the family indicated that a particular member is mentally unwell, the GHQ-5 and Symptoms and Others checklist were administered on him/her and the women caregiver was interviewed using qualitative needs assessment schedule and Perceived Social Support Scale. Findings Ten persons/households with mental illness (5.26 per cent) were identified in the community. Themes of financial needs, capacity of the caregiver, community resources, need for the microfinance self-help groups, informational needs, social support, burn out, and stigma elicited in the interview were depicted in the form of a conceptual framework to understand the inter-connectedness between the various themes. Research limitations/implications This study is the first initiative in the field of micro-finance self-help groups for the persons with mental illness and families. The design of the study was a cross-sectional survey, which is found globally to be the most suited in conducting prevalence studies, as it provides accurate results for future studies as well as it is the first step to obtain accurate baseline values to later plan a prospective follow up study. The study used mixed methodology design. Though the sample size was small, the information collected from the participants in qualitative and quantitative method was triangulated and conceptual frameworks were developed. As this study is one of the first of its kind in the country, the results of this study from the stated sample can be considered as an important pilot for future longitudinal and cross-sectional studies to be planned in the community. Originality/value There is hardly any scientific literature which talks about the need for Micro-finance self-help groups for Persons with Disability, especially with person with mental disability. In order to initiate any Micro-finance SHG activities, it is essential to first undertake the need for and feasibility of initiating such micro-finance group activities in any given area. This study will be an important milestone in initiating any self-help group activity for caregivers of persons with mental disability, as it would help us understand the financial needs of the community, based on which a draft proposal to initiate micro-finance self-help group activities can be drawn up.
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Siemens, Lynne. "Embedding Small Business and Entrepreneurship Training within the Rural Context." International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation 13, no. 3 (August 2012): 165–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/ijei.2012.0085.
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Rural small business owners face challenges that are not generally present in urban locations. As a result, they need training programmes that are specific to this context. This paper presents a framework for such a programme. First, the programme is based on the perspective that rural business owners are strongly motivated, but not necessarily by financial goals alone. Second, the owners must approach the issue of business development with the realization that multiple income sources may be required for business sustainability. Third, the primary resources are the owners themselves, along with their family, their business and their community – all available locally. Finally, the curriculum is delivered using examples of successful rural entrepreneurs.