Relevant bibliographies by topics / Family and community resource framework

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Academic literature on the topic 'Family and community resource framework'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Family and community resource framework"

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Hoon, Christina, Andreas Hack, and Franz W. Kellermanns. "Advancing knowledge on human resource management in family firms: An introduction and integrative framework." German Journal of Human Resource Management: Zeitschrift für Personalforschung 33, no. 3 (May 10, 2019): 147–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2397002219847883.

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Over the last decades, human resource management has received increasing attention in family business scholarship. However, works on human resource management in the context of family firms remain relatively low as compared to the more general body of studies on human resource management. This article introduces our special issue of the German Journal of Human Resource Management, which discusses facets of how family firms configure human resource management and set human resource practices. We first give a brief overview on the conceptual and empirical research that relates to and informs human resource management within family firms, resulting in a human resource system framework. We then discuss ideas for future human resource management research, namely, the influence of the owning family on human resource orientation, non-family employees as human resource recipients and the role of human resource professionals in delivering human resource management. Furthermore, we call for making psychological foundations part of the human resource management scholarship agenda. There is still work to be done before human resource management can find its ‘place in the sun’ in the family business community. Hence, this special issue contributes to developing family business human resource management scholarship further by offering the human resource system framework, by suggesting directions for future research and by advancing our conceptual and empirical understanding of human resource management in the context of family firms.
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Campeau, Aimée, Shazmeera Qadri, Farah Barakat, Gabriella Williams, Wendy Hovdestad, Maaz Shahid, and Tanya Lary. "At-a-glance - The Child Maltreatment Surveillance Indicator Framework." Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada 40, no. 2 (February 2020): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.24095/hpcdp.40.2.04.

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The federal health portfolio has conducted surveillance on child maltreatment as a public health issue since the 1990s. The Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) is now releasing the Child Maltreatment Indicator Framework, to take its place alongside other PHAC frameworks, such as the Suicide Surveillance Indicator Framework. Based on a scoping review of existing reviews and meta-analyses, this Framework, along with the online interactive data tool, presents child maltreatment outcome indicators and risk and protective factors at the individual, family, community and societal levels, disaggregated by sex, age and other sociodemographic variables. This Framework will function as a valuable resource pertaining to an issue that affects at least one in three Canadian adults.
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McCart, Amy B., Wayne S. Sailor, Jamie M. Bezdek, and Allyson L. Satter. "A Framework for Inclusive Educational Delivery Systems." Inclusion 2, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 252–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1352/2326-6988-2.4.252.

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Abstract This article introduces a theoretical framework for an inclusive educational delivery system to increase academic, behavioral, and social outcomes for all students with a variety and range of abilities. The framework is a fully braided delivery system that brings together evidence-based practices for individual school systems and structures, district and state education policy, and family and community engagement. We describe (a) systemic and structural challenges to inclusive education, (b) the framework and its evidence-based features, and (c) a technical assistance resource that builds educational agency capacity to independently implement and sustain inclusive educational delivery systems in their communities.
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Sharma, Pramodita, and S. Manikutty. "Strategic Divestments in Family Firms: Role of Family Structure and Community Culture." Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice 29, no. 3 (May 2005): 293–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6520.2005.00084.x.

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Timely acquisition and divestment of resources is essential for sustaining the competitive advantage and longevity of family firms. A combination of past successes, emotional attachments, and path dependencies can lead to extensive inertia toward divestment in these firms. This article develops a framework to understand the influence of community culture and family structure on divestment decisions in family firms. Propositions on the varying levels of inertia to divest—depending on the values held by the owning family and the culture prevailing in their community—are developed. Research and practical implications are discussed.
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Lalani, Mirza, Jane Fernandes, Richard Fradgley, Caroline Ogunsola, and Martin Marshall. "Transforming community nursing services in the UK: lessons from a participatory evaluation of the implementation of a new model of community nursing in East London." British Journal of General Practice 69, suppl 1 (June 2019): bjgp19X703385. http://dx.doi.org/10.3399/bjgp19x703385.

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BackgroundBuurtzorg, a model of community nursing conceived in the Netherlands, is widely cited as a promising and evidence-based approach to improving the delivery of integrated nursing and social care in community settings.AimThis study aimed to examine the transferability of some of the principles of the Buurtzorg model to community nursing in the UK NHS.MethodA community nursing model based on the Buurtzorg approach was piloted between June 2017 and August 2018 with a team of nurses co-located in a single general practice in the Borough of Tower Hamlets, East London. The initiative was evaluated using a qualitative approach within the participatory Researcher-in-Residence model. Participant observation of meetings and semi-structured interviews with team members, patients/carers, and other local stakeholders were undertaken. A thematic framework analysis of the data was carried out.ResultsPatient experience of the service was positive, in particular because of the better access, improved continuity of care and longer appointment times in comparison with traditional district nursing provision. However, certain aspects of the Buurtzorg model were difficult to put into practice in the NHS because of significant cultural, human resource, and regulatory differences between The Netherlands and the UK.ConclusionWhile many of the principles of the Buurtzorg model are applicable and transferable to the UK, in particular promoting independence among patients, improving patient experience, and empowering frontline staff, the successful embedding of these aims as normalised ways of working will require a significant cultural shift at all levels of the NHS.
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Guberman, Nancy, and Pierre Maheu. "Conceptions of Family Caregivers: Implications for Professional Practice." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 21, no. 1 (2002): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980800000611.

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ABSTRACTThe formal sector's increasing recourse to families poses questions concerning the type and degree of participation that is expected of family caregivers and the conceptions that exist regarding them. This article examines different conceptions and their implications for practice, based on reflexions emanating from the authors' 15 years of empirical research on caregiving. A typology of practice approaches based on the various conceptions is presented including: the dependent adult approach, the caregiver as joint-client, the caregiver as resource and the caregiver as partner approach. Each of these approaches is based on a framework of beliefs, values and principles which shape policy and practice and have implications for how caregivers are perceived and served. The authors propose an alternative community-oriented approach which addresses the limitations of those which currently dominate homecare policy and practice.
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Henry, Wesley. "Identifying and Allocating Resources for Learning Improvement." Theory & Practice in Rural Education 9, no. 1 (May 30, 2019): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3776/tpre.2019.v9n1p61-73.

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This article investigates efforts by rural superintendents and rural principals to identify and leverage the local resources available to them to support learning improvement agendas within their schools. This study investigates practices within a diverse range of rural schools located in Washington State to understand how resources can be identified and allocated to best support student learning. In addition, this article explores the importance of family and community engagement in administrators' school improvement agendas. The conceptual framework for this study is informed by literature investigating resource allocation for educational improvement. This study was designed to better understand how rural education leaders identify, leverage, and allocate supports and resources, particularly those available within their immediate communities, to meet the needs of their staff and students. The rural schools represented in this study demonstrate trends in student achievement gains, despite challenges facing rural schools, such as increasing economic stratification in rural communities and diseconomies of scale in operating small schools and districts. Administrators meet these challenges by (a) maximizing teacher's instructional time through assuming duties often performed by nonadministrative personnel in other settings, thereby reaffirming the particularly multifaceted nature of rural school leadership; (b) forging formal and informal partnerships within the immediate community and geographic region to support student learning; and (c) leveraging the interconnected nature of rural communities in ways that increase community engagement in schools. Thoughtful community engagement strategies help manage the external politics of resource distribution within schools and ultimately materialize support for student learning.
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Papastavrou, Evridiki, Panayiota Andreou, and Nicos Middleton. "Social capital and care in the community: a methodological study." European Journal for Person Centered Healthcare 2, no. 3 (July 15, 2014): 320. http://dx.doi.org/10.5750/ejpch.v2i3.731.

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Rationale, aims and objectives: Healthcare reform systems require that individuals with long term and complex health problems to be cared at home by their families making informal caregivers a critical national healthcare resource. Caregiver support may be better understood in the context of the social capital framework that has the capacity to support health and wellbeing for the patient and caregiver through a combination of connections, informal exchange, informal non-family relations and resource acquisition.The aim of the study was to assess the validity and reliability of the Social Capital Questionnaire (SCQ-Greek) amongst Greek-speaking community dwellers in Cyprus.Methods: The SCQ was administered to a total sample of 225 Greek Cypriot community dwellers consisting of 2groups - a group of family caregivers of patients with dementia (n=76) and a neighborhood-matched control group (n= 149). Exploratory factor analysis using Varimax rotation was performed and items with factor loadings greater than 0.4 were retained. Cronbach’s coefficient of internal consistency was calculated for the overall scale and sub-scales. The association of Social Capital and its components (factors) with the socio-demographic characteristics of the participants were investigated in regression analyses.Results: A 6-factor solution with 28 items accounted for 48.3% of the variance. The item-total correlation ranged from 0.20 to 0.49 indicating that each of them contributed to the total score. For the overall instrument, Cronbach’s alpha was 0.83 and ranged between 0.55 and 0.82 for the individual factors. Generally, younger individuals, those with higher educational attainment and higher income tended to report higher levels of social capital.Conclusions: Findings demonstrate that a 28-item version of the SCQ is a reliable and valid tool for the assessment of perceptions of social capital among Greek-Cypriot community residents which included a sample of caregivers of the chronically ill. A tool to measure the perceptions of social capital is important for the understanding and utilizing the broader resources required for the care of the chronically ill in the community.
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Han, Soojeong, Nai-Ching Chi, Claire Han, Debra Parker Oliver, Karla Washington, and George Demiris. "Adapting the Resilience Framework for Family Caregivers of Hospice Patients With Dementia." American Journal of Alzheimer's Disease & Other Dementias® 34, no. 6 (July 31, 2019): 399–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533317519862095.

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Family caregivers face ongoing, formidable stress and burden. Caregivers need sustainable support to maintain resilience. We aim to identify challenges, possible solutions that are resources for resilience, and expected consequences from the perspective of 39 family caregivers of hospice patients with dementia. The resilience framework was used to guide the coding and synthesis of the qualitative data. Identified challenges included difficulties in communication, providing care and decision-making, lack of knowledge, emotional challenges, concern about care facility selection, death with dignity, and lack of public awareness. Resilience resources for caregiving challenges were identified at the individual, community, and societal levels. Anticipated benefits of using these resources included the ability to provide better care and have a better quality of life for both patients and caregivers. The findings of this study can guide the design and implementation of supportive interventions designed for family caregivers of hospice patients with dementia to bolster available resilience resources.
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Denny, Marina D'Abreau, and Alisha Marie Hardman. "Mississippi State University extension undergraduate apprenticeship program." Advancements in Agricultural Development 1, no. 1 (January 28, 2020): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.37433/aad.v1i1.13.

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The Mississippi State University Extension Undergraduate Apprenticeship Program was implemented in 2017 to give undergraduate juniors and seniors the opportunity to work one-on-one with an Extension mentor and explore careers in agriculture, natural resources, family and consumer sciences, community resource development, or youth development, while participating in research and outreach activities that directly benefit Extension programs and community stakeholders. The program is rooted in the principles of mentoring adult learners in an organizational context. Kolb’s Experiential Learning Model and the DEAL Model for Critical Reflection serve as the conceptual framework, whereby students engage in critical reflection to enhance their integrated research-and-outreach learning experience. An evaluation of the first two student cohorts (n=19) revealed a significant production of scholarship, an increase in discipline-specific knowledge, enhanced critical thinking and problem solving skills, a greater understanding and appreciation for Extension, and a desire to pursue related graduate studies.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Family and community resource framework"

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Kendall, Garth Edward. "Children in families in communities : a modified conceptual framework and an analytic strategy for identifying patterns of factors associated with developmental health outcomes in childhood." University of Western Australia. School of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2003. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2004.0006.

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Mental health reflects an array of causal influences that span biological, psychological, and social circumstances, with resultant underlying causal pathways to poor mental health outcomes in childhood that are complex. Key features of this complexity are reciprocal interactions between person and environment that take place over time. The core of this thesis seeks to attend to the complexity of development to move the field of developmental health forward toward greater explanation, and more successful prediction and prevention. The focal point of the thesis is the psychosocial determinants of childhood mental health, the resource domain of the developing child, and the interplay between characteristics of the individual child, the family, and the community. The eventual goal is to better understand why and how socioeconomic circumstances impact on developmental health. One component of this thesis focuses on the expansion of extant developmental theory. The other component focuses on the development of an analytic strategy that more appropriately reflects the intricacies of this theoretical expansion. In the process, data are analysed, principally as a heuristic strategy, to illustrate the analytical approach needed to support the theoretical framework. The specification of a bioecological conceptual framework suitable to guide research and policy in developmental health is the first principal objective of the thesis. A critical examination of the resource framework proposed by Brooks-Gunn, Brown, Duncan, and Anderson Moore (1995) reveals it to be centred on family and community resources, but otherwise silent with respect to the physical and psychological resources of the child. The quintessential point of this thesis is that theory in developmental health must be able to account for the contribution individuals make to their own development. A modified resource framework is proposed that acknowledges financial, physical, human, and social capital, within the domains of the individual child, the family, and the community. The second principal objective of the thesis, the development of analytical methods that focus on the individual child and the complexity of data generated by this theoretical approach, is then introduced. Theory and method are thus integrated when comprehensive measures of characteristics in multiple domains across developmental periods are modeled using longitudinal data from the Western Australian Pregnancy Cohort (Raine) Study (Newnham, Evans, Michael, Stanley, & Landau, 1993). The mothers of 2,860 children were enrolled at 18 weeks in pregnancy and the children have been followed at birth, one, two, three, five, and eight years of age. Eighty-nine per cent (2,537 /2,860) of families were available for follow-up at eight and 74 per cent (2,126/2,860) of families responded. Extensive demographic, psychological, and developmental data were available for the children and their families and a limited amount of data were available for the communities in which they reside. A measure of mental health morbidity, the Child Behaviour Checklist (Achenbach, 1991), was available for the children at two, five, and eight years of age. In the first instance, dichotomous summary variables are derived for the demographic, psychological, and developmental variables of interest. Variables are then selected for inclusion in one of several explanatory models. To create a mathematical representation of resource characteristics, the information for each child is concatenated as a series of binary strings. Frequency tabulation is then used to aggregate the data and odds ratios are calculated to determine the degree of risk associated with each string of code, or pattern of factors relative to a nominated mental health outcome. The results provided a scaffold from which this theoretical and analytical approach is compared and contrasted with the reviewed literature. Two principal themes of investigation are pursued. The first theme to be examined is the interplay between characteristics of the child, family, and community and the contribution children make to their own development. The specific approach models the interaction between selected characteristics of the child, family and community in each of four developmentally significant time periods. The theoretical position adopted in the present study suggests that the effect of any personal or contextual factor on later development, if a relationship does truly exist, is most likely to be differential. That is, it is a combination of influences that determines developmental outcomes for children, not any single factor acting independently. The modelling process demonstrates that, for the children involved, personal and contextual factors impact mental health differentially depending on various other individual, family and/or community characteristics. The modelling process identifies patterns of factors that impact relatively small, but significant, numbers of children because the models focus on the effect for individual children rather than the effect for the group. For example, one model suggests that the effect of intra-uterine growth restriction for the group as a whole may be minimal, but the impact for some children could be critical depending on the combination of family and community influences, such as the mothers level of education, the family’s experience of significant life stress, and residence in a relatively disadvantaged community. The second theme to be examined is the possibility that the accumulation of resource deficits or risk characteristics, over time, amplifies the likelihood of mental health problems in childhood. The approach models selected characteristics of the child in each of the four periods of development collectively, and it also models selected characteristics spanning each of the four time periods discretely. The results suggest that latency, pathway, and recency effects may operate simultaneously, and that timing and accumulated burden may both be important determinants of risk. For example, with regard to children whose family experienced life stress, these three effects operated in a systematic way to increase the degree of risk of a mental health problem. In summary, the aggregation of data at the individual level is a productive approach in seeking to explain population level social phenomena. While seemingly paradoxical, the identification of the joint, interactive effects between individual, family, and community characteristics, better allows for the quantification of family and community characteristics operating through multiple causal pathways.
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Smith, Dalenna Ruelas. "Evaluating family engagement| Program application of the parent, family, and community engagement framework." Thesis, California Institute of Integral Studies, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3726295.

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This study examined how an Early Head Start and Head Start grantee, the Institute for Human and Social Development (IHSD), implemented the Office of Head Start’s research-based Parent, Family, and Community Engagement (PFCE) Framework. This study also evaluated IHSD’s performance and determined whether the organization accomplished its set intention of fostering family engagement in support of positive child development and education outcomes.

This formative, outcome-based program evaluation utilized qualitative and quantitative analysis to evaluate IHSD's systematic implementation of engagement. Parent survey data, interview transcripts, and a review of existing agency data provided a parent-oriented perspective on the IHSD’s engagement outcomes relative to the PFCE Framework.

Participants included parents of children in each of IHSD's five program options during 2012–2013 or 2013–2014. They participated by completing either a parent survey (n = 842) or an interview ( n = 12) regarding engagement-focused services, focusing on the parents’ perspectives of the services’ implementation and outcomes. Results from the surveys and interviews were analyzed with available IHSD data related to family services as well as child outcomes, including gains in social-emotional development and language and literacy development within the Desired Results Developmental Profile (DRDP). Results indicate that the children made improvement gains within the DRDP domains investigated. Parents surveyed and interviewed identified the program environment as engaging and named the staff’s helpfulness as responsible. Among the aspects of the program they were asked to rate, parents identified the strategies of parent training, parent leadership council membership, home activities, home visits, parent meetings, and volunteerism as ideal in meeting their needs.

In general, IHSD is a high-quality agency providing early childhood education that engages families and grows parent engagement by teaching parents to be their children’s advocates and teachers. The results of this study indicate that if IHSD continues to effectively implement strategies and incorporates feedback from these findings, the organization’s child development programs will likely continue to excel.

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Fritz, Lorell C. "School-based family resource centres : the village approach, a handbook on school-community partnerships for professionals serving families /." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ63978.pdf.

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Lunday, Erin B. "Uncle Sam Wants You... to Support Your Local Army Community: Critical Discourse Analysis of the Army Community Covenant from a Genealogical Framework." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/77005.

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This paper examines the Army Community Covenant, a formal document intended to strengthen the official and unofficial relationships between U.S. Army posts in the United States with their surrounding civilian communities. Critical Discourse Analysis is applied to trace the genealogy of the verbal and visual constructs and semiotics of the document, from the rhetoric of George Washington that acculturated the Continental Army to the present day, and considering the perspectives of nationalism and familial relationships in the deliberate selection of key terminologies. This research concludes with the recognition of the documents' potential effects, both positive and negative, upon its intended participants and audience, and proposes extensions for further research in the areas of the U.S. Army and army families, as well as the perceptions of identity and struggles for representation that exist.
Master of Arts
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Lyons, Andrew. "An Effective Monitoring Framework for community based natural resource management a case study of the ADMADE program in Zambia /." [Florida] : State University System of Florida, 2000. http://etd.fcla.edu/etd/uf/2000/ana6396/lyons%5Fandrew%5Fthesis.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Florida, 2000.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 208 p.; also contains graphics. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 201-207).
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Bailey, Cara L. "Understanding the Meaning of Community Engagement for Aging in Place within a Social Capital Framework." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28480.

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This study explored the meaning of community engagement of older adults, within a social capital framework, in a community noted for its relatively high concentration of active, older adults. The multiple meanings of community engagement within the creation of a place of age were investigated using concepts derived from a social capital framework. A place of age is where older adults are integral to family life, participate in community life, and bring collective life experiences and wisdom to civic life. This research addresses gaps in the current literature about suburban places and the meanings of community engagement for an aging population within these places. The importance of this research lies with expanding the understanding of the multiple meanings of community engagement and the potential for reinforcing, through public policy, these meanings through the development and support of the social capital created by older adults in places of age. The research methodology was an in-depth case study analysis of West Saint Paul, Minnesota. In-person, semistructured interviews were conducted with 21 individuals, aged 65 years and older, who had been residents of West Saint Paul for at least 25 years. Findings of this study revealed multiple meanings of community and community engagement for study participants, but all had a strong sense of community relative to their neighborhoods and the city of West Saint Paul. All had well-developed social networks that involved family members, friends, and neighbors. Nearly all engaged in neighboring behaviors of helping out when needed and generally looking out for one another. All participants expressed a feeling of trust of others within their own neighborhoods, and most did not feel trusting of others beyond their neighborhoods. All participants had consistently voted, and all engaged in formal civic activities at some point in their lives. All participants, lifelong volunteers, were members of a Christian church, and much of their volunteer time was given to church activities. The key finding from this study was the important role of neighboring behaviors, faith-based affiliation, and family in the meaning of community engagement within each participant's life.
Ph. D.
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Sims, Donna. "Impact on Material and Child Health Knowledge as a Result of Participation in a Family Resource\Youth Services Center New and Expectant Parenting Series." TopSCHOLAR®, 1998. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/320.

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The purpose of this study was to determine whether participation in a Family Resource\Youth Services Center New and Expectant Parenting Series had an impact on maternal and child health knowledge of parents and their future behavior choices. The study had two components. First, a telephone survey was conducted with 40 past program participants asking them nine questions concerning behavior and lifestyle choices in regards to child safety, breast or bottle feeding, immunizations, car seat use, etc. Secondly, thirty participants were given a pretest and posttest questionnaire. As a control group, there were 25 Lamaze class participants, who also completed the pre-test and posttest questionnaires. The questionnaire was a 20 item multiple choice instrument (Learning About Parenting Survey or LAPS) which measured maternal and child health knowledge in such areas as family planning; informed parenting; maternal health; basic baby care; breast-feeding; bottle-feeding; first aid; child's health including immunizations, child safety; nutrition; child development and discipline. Analysis of covariance was performed using the LAPS raw scores from the posttests as the dependent variable, the pretest scores as the covariate and the treatment as the independent variable. The results showed no significant difference in parenting knowledge between the individuals enrolled in the Family Resource\Youth Services Center's New and Expectant Parenting Series and the comparison group who did not take the course.
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Vaughan, Ritchie Catherine. "Group Analysis of Collaborative Conservation Partnerships." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76805.

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Collaborative conservation partnership frequency is increasing in natural resources management; however, few successful examples exist in the United States. These groups seek to address land stewardship through cooperative, communicative, bottom-up approaches that engage local stakeholders. A better understanding of member characteristics and successful group characteristics may enhance collaborative conservation partnership outcomes. A survey was conducted to quantify partnership member characteristics and advertising mediums. Results were compared with the National Woodland Owner Survey. Collaborative conservation partnership members tend to be well-educated, middle-aged, upper-middle class individuals with large landholdings. They span previously identified family forest owner clusters but may be classified as earlier adopters by Diffusion of Innovations theory. Word-of-mouth is the most common way members learn about partnership opportunities. Qualitative data was analyzed to identify key features related to the ability to achieve group goals. Multi-disciplinary literature review points to the likely influences of leadership, task type, social capital, resource inputs, processes, and temporal change attributes on collaborative conservation partnership goal achievement. Key informant interviews demonstrate that resource and social capital inputs derive disproportionately from particular actors, partnerships need flexibility to adapt to changes in available resources, leaders establish partnership activity levels, social capital is the foundation of resource access, and groups are diverse in the ways they deal with context-specific tasks, resources, and processes. Overall, collaborative conservation partnerships demonstrate potential to positively influence land stewardship and technology transfer. Growth requires expanding membership, establishing partnerships as a legitimate conservation medium, and maintaining diverse groups tailored to local contexts.
Master of Science
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Huang, Yuju. "An Evaluation of the Head Start Parent, Family, and Community Engagement (PFCE) Framework on the Perception of a Father's Role and the Father's Involvement Facts with the Head Start Programs." Thesis, Indiana State University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10268184.

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In 2011, the Head Start Office introduced the Parent, Family, and Community Engagement (PFCE) Framework to all Head Start programs (Department of Health and Human Services, 2011a). This framework was developed to increase parent involvement in getting children ready for kindergarten. The goal of the framework was to provide technical resources and skills to improve the parent involvement level in Head Start parent involvement activities. The goal of this study is to explore the perception of the role of the father and Head Start programs’ father involvement facts at eight selected Head Start programs.

Interview, survey, and activity observation were used. Specifically, the Paternal Involvement in Child Care Index (PICCI) score and father/father figures’ demographic information, family/community coordinator interview answers were gathered from the Head Start programs that participated in the study. Three statistical techniques, independent t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, and multiple-regression were used for quantitative data analysis, and qualitative data was generalized into a flow chart and a father involvement model based on Bronfenbrenner’s ecological system theory.

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Birgen, Rose Jeptoo. "Facilitating participation in natural resource governance in Kenya: a critical review of the extent to which Kenya’s contemporary legal framework enables indigenous community conserved areas." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15170.

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The goals of conserving nature have changed over the last decades, but setting aside areas for nature protection is still a major part of environmental efforts globally. Protected areas often include indigenous and local communities' territories, and although indigenous rights have been strengthened through international policies and laws, conflicts over land entitlement are still common. A couple of notable events internationally in the context of Human Rights and nature conservation discourses have marked a significant shift in the attitudes and approaches to the role of indigenous people and local communities in natural resource governance. Contemporary approaches enable them to define themselves and to own and manage land and natural resources. Domestic policy makers are faced with the challenge of creating national laws and policies to implement this contemporary approach. This thesis looks at the concept of ICCAs as a tool for facilitating participation of indigenous and local communities in natural resource management. It begins with an analysis of the form, nature, origins and value of ICCA's- and specifically key legal elements which should ideally be included in a legal framework to give domestic effect to them. This analysis indicates that in order to recognise and protect the indigenous people and local communities and for ICCAs to be a success, their land tenures and resource rights have to be legally secured, they have to be deliberately involved in management of natural resources and they have to enjoy the benefits that arise as a result of their input and use their traditional knowledge to protect and conserve natural resources. The dissertation then turns to consider whether these elements are present in Kenya's legal framework. 2010 is used as a benchmark because of the significant reform introduced giving an edge in the way indigenous people and local communities and their contribution to natural resource management were recognised.
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Books on the topic "Family and community resource framework"

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Impact assessment framework for community based natural resource management. Bangalore: Books for Change, 2000.

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Tulachan, Pradeep Man. Community empowerment in livestock resource planning: A suggested participatory policy framework. Kathmandu: International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development, 2002.

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Ahmann, Elizabeth. Creating and enhancing patient and family resource centers. Bethesda, Md: Institute for Family-Centered Care, 2000.

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Leashore, Bogart R. A manual for volunteer community-based resource development. Washington, D.C: Howard University, School of Social Work, 1987.

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Vaughan, Martha. Family violence resource materials for the dental community: An annotated bibliography. [Ottawa, Ont.]: Health Canada, Mental Health Division, 1993.

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Crowe, Ann H. Intervening in family violence: A resource manual for community corrections professionals. Lexington, Ky: American Probation and Parole Association, 1996.

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Clemen-Stone, Susan. Instructor's resource manual and test bank to accompany Comprehensive community health nursing: Family, aggregate, & community practice. St. Louis, Miss: Mosby, 1998.

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Inc, Development Alternatives, Development Management Associates, and Community Partnerships for Sustainable Resource Management in Malawi., eds. A strategic framework for CBNRM media campaigns in Malawi. Blantyre, Malawi: Community Partnerships for Sustainable Resource Management in Malawi, 2000.

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Eldercare in Texas: A family resource guide. Plano, Tex: Republic of Texas Press, 2003.

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Hamnett, Michael P. Hawaii prevention needs assessment: Family of studies, community prevention resource assessment : Asset assessment. Honolulu]: University of Hawaii at Manoa, Social Science Research Institute, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Family and community resource framework"

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Romualdi, Victor, and Jonathan Sandoval. "Community-based service integration: Family resource center initiatives." In Integrated services for children and families: Opportunities for psychological practice., 53–73. Washington: American Psychological Association, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10236-003.

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Walsh, Froma. "Community-Based Practice Applications of a Family Resilience Framework." In Handbook of Family Resilience, 65–82. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3917-2_5.

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Millar, Claire C. "Beloved Land, Beloved Family: The Role of Welfare in Timorese Migration to England." In IMISCOE Research Series, 197–217. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67615-5_12.

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AbstractTimor-Leste’s long history of colonisation and occupation has posed significant welfare challenges for the small, half-island nation nestled between Asia and the Pacific. Since independence in 2002, a budding pattern of migration has emerged, with increasing numbers of Timorese living and working in the United Kingdom. This chapter seeks to understand how the welfare concerns of these migrants shape their decisions about geographical mobility and vice versa. Analysing semi-structured interviews and overt participant observation conducted in England in 2017 and drawing on an extended version of the welfare resource environment framework, it explores the role of market, state and family-based welfare provisions in this migration trend. It finds that Timorese migrants in England utilise migration – and the market and state-based welfare provisions it brings – in service of their own, family-based social protection system. Migration between welfare contexts allows increased access to new and varied sources of welfare, valued for how they support a family-based framework founded on interdependence, relationships with others and responsibility. By querying the mobility of Timorese migrants in England in light of their welfare concerns, this chapter elucidates the culturally embedded ways in which migrants and their families piece together unique protection packages.
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Davies-Vollum, K. Sian, Debadayita Raha, and Daniel Koomson. "Climate Change Impact and Adaptation: Lagoonal Fishing Communities in West Africa." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-42091-8_221-1.

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AbstractLagoons are a common feature of the low-lying West African coastline. These lagoons are resource-rich and biodiverse. The small-scale fishing communities, which border them, are dependent on the resources and ecosystem services for their livelihoods and well-being. Climate change has had significant and diverse effects on both the lagoons and their surrounding communities. Sea level rise has caused erosion of the coast and increased the risk of floods. Changes to rainfall patterns have caused shifts in lagoon ecosystems and physical cycles. Of particular relevance to lagoon fishing communities is the fluctuation in quantity and distribution of fish catch that they rely upon for economic livelihood. Understanding the vulnerability of these communities to the effects of climate change is critical to supporting and developing successful adaptations. Using a case study from Ghana, sustainable livelihoods approach (SLA) and vulnerability framework are used to characterize the community vulnerability, giving insight into the temporal and spatial dynamics of vulnerability and how subsections of the community may be identified and prioritized for adaptation interventions. A scalar analysis of the relevant coastal and environmental frameworks and policy to support climate change adaptation in coastal communities reveals the common challenges in implementing adaptation interventions and strategies in the region. A policy gap exists between high level, institutional coastal, and climate directives and implementation of climate adaptations at the local level. That gap might be bridged by a participatory approach that places coastal communities at the center of creating and enacting climate change adaptations.
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Davies-Vollum, K. Sian, Debadayita Raha, and Daniel Koomson. "Climate Change Impact and Adaptation: Lagoonal Fishing Communities in West Africa." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 2221–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_221.

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AbstractLagoons are a common feature of the low-lying West African coastline. These lagoons are resource-rich and biodiverse. The small-scale fishing communities, which border them, are dependent on the resources and ecosystem services for their livelihoods and well-being. Climate change has had significant and diverse effects on both the lagoons and their surrounding communities. Sea level rise has caused erosion of the coast and increased the risk of floods. Changes to rainfall patterns have caused shifts in lagoon ecosystems and physical cycles. Of particular relevance to lagoon fishing communities is the fluctuation in quantity and distribution of fish catch that they rely upon for economic livelihood. Understanding the vulnerability of these communities to the effects of climate change is critical to supporting and developing successful adaptations. Using a case study from Ghana, sustainable livelihoods approach (SLA) and vulnerability framework are used to characterize the community vulnerability, giving insight into the temporal and spatial dynamics of vulnerability and how subsections of the community may be identified and prioritized for adaptation interventions. A scalar analysis of the relevant coastal and environmental frameworks and policy to support climate change adaptation in coastal communities reveals the common challenges in implementing adaptation interventions and strategies in the region. A policy gap exists between high level, institutional coastal, and climate directives and implementation of climate adaptations at the local level. That gap might be bridged by a participatory approach that places coastal communities at the center of creating and enacting climate change adaptations.
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Jonker, Jan, and Niels Faber. "Core Activities." In Organizing for Sustainability, 115–23. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78157-6_9.

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AbstractIn this chapter, the central question is which core activities you will undertake in order to achieve your goal, organizing your value proposition with success. Because you are working towards a specific goal, and with selected strategies, it is useful to state which (core) activities are necessary to realize your sustainable business model. The idea of a core activity is that a specific part of the organizational activities can be seen as the speciality of a company, a network, or a community: it tells what they are really good at. Core activities should contribute to operationalizing the chosen strategy, thus contributing to the realization of the overall goal, coherent with the value proposition. We offer a core activities framework based on the conventional sustainability trio: reduce, reuse, recycle. This has evolved over the years into a whole family—commonly referred to as the RE-strategies and presented here as the 13 REs.
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Vidovićová, Lucie, Monika Alisch, Susanne Kümpers, and Jolanta Perek-Białas. "Ageing and Caring in Rural Environments: Cross-National Insights from Central Europe." In International Perspectives on Aging, 223–36. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51406-8_17.

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AbstractThis chapter explores how exclusion from care provision in rural areas can be understood as place-based social exclusion. The analysis focuses on case studies of Czechia, Poland and Germany and compares their approaches to providing care to older rural dwellers. While recognising the heterogeneity of these nations and their rural areas, a spatial framework is used to illustrate how some specific features of rural areas may influence the provision and availability of care. Two examples are explored: the use of professional homecare services by older people; and informal care and assistance provided by older people in the community. Our research shows that, regardless of the size of the country or its proportion of remote or depopulating areas, discourses on care in rural areas share various common features. A large amount of informal care is provided in both the family-oriented Polish countryside and in Czechia, a country with a midsize rural population and comparatively common use of professional homecare services. In Germany, a growing number of rural communities were found to have established local aid associations to support disadvantaged older people in the past decade; however, this approach is viewed as unsustainable given the specificities of the rural contexts.
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Walsh, Froma. "Family Resilience." In Multisystemic Resilience, 255–70. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190095888.003.0015.

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This chapter presents an overview of the concept of family resilience, grounded in a multilevel systems orientation. The concept of family resilience refers to the capacity of the family as a functional system in overcoming significant life challenges. Highly stressful events and social contexts impact the whole family, and in turn, family processes facilitate the adaptation of all members, their relationships, and the family unit. A research-informed map of key processes in family resilience is outlined. Given the contextual contingency of the concept of resilience, process elements and pathways in resilience may vary with different adverse situations over time; diverse family cultures, structures, and resources; and salient socioeconomic and developmental influences. The broad application of a family resilience framework in clinical and community-based intervention and prevention is discussed and illustrated. Research challenges and recommendations are offered, emphasizing the value of mixed-method, multidisciplinary, and multilevel approaches.
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Gordon, Robert B. "Community, Culture, and Industrial Ecology." In A Landscape Transformed. Oxford University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195128185.003.0013.

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The people who settied northwestern Connecticut created an agricultural surplus that allowed them to undertake industrial ventures within a few years of their arrival. Their knowledge of the mechanical arts, coupled with the region’s natural resources, gave them opportunities to make material goods needed by their neighbors. Successive generations continued industrial use of the region’s natural resources over the next two centuries, each making its own choices about how to structure its enterprise within the framework of values and beliefs held separately by individuals and in common within the community. Each had to respond to changes in markets and the advent of new products and techniques. These opportunities, and the participants’ choices about how to use them, combined to create the region’s industrial ecology. Like the rest of the New England hill country, northwestern Connecticut had two abundant, renewable natural resources: streams with steep gradients and reliable flow for waterpower, and forest that covered the large areas that were too steep or too thinly mantled with soil for decent pasture. Millwrights could easily build waterpower systems on the streams, and farmers could manage the forest for continuous production of fuel wood, since it regrew trees to useful size within about twenty years. Unlike other highlands, however, northwestern Connecticut had a unique mineral resource: iron ore beds unmatched elsewhere in New England. Everyone in the newly settled lands and on the frontiers expanding into Vermont and New York in the early eighteenth century needed iron products. As described in chapter 3, individuals throughout the Salisbury district, aided by family members or fluid partnerships, built bloomery forges that they operated as components of their cropping, husbandry, or mercantile enterprises. Nearly every family in Kent and the other new towns had a partner in one of the forges. Individuals lacking metallurgical skills or access to any capital dug ore or cut wood. Others developed their skills as colliers or millwrights. Negotiated exchanges of labor and services among these artisans promoted interdependence within the community. As the colonists in southern New England increasingly mechanized their grain, timber, and cloth production in the mid—eighteenth century, they brought a new opportunity to the ironmakers of the Salisbury disno trict. By making standard parts for grain mills, sawmills, fulling mills, and oil mills that they could distribute widely, Salisbury ironmakers added value to the bar iron they made and enlarged the scope of their market.
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Martin, Caitlin K., Nichole Pinkard, Sheena Erete, and Jim Sandherr. "Connections at the Family Level." In Advances in Educational Marketing, Administration, and Leadership, 220–44. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2005-4.ch011.

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We discuss the multiple roles played by parents and other caring adults in the homes of young STEM learners, highlighting existing knowledge and connections as well as desired supports. We report on a series of workshops for parents and other caring adults, held in conjunction with a 20-week computational making program for middle school girls from underrepresented communities. The workshops accomplish three tasks: 1. build a community of participants who engage in collaborative work and share best practices, resources, and knowledge; 2. introduce a framework of roles to ground what participants do to support the girls' STEM learning; and 3. engage participants in technical design processes as they work through projects similar to those completed by the middle school girls in the program. We share insights and challenges that emerged from our analysis of these workshops, and present ideas for refinement and adaptation of our workshop model based upon lessons learned.
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Conference papers on the topic "Family and community resource framework"

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Wei Liu, Yu Chen, Cai Chen, and Yongqiang Lu. "A tele-healthcare framework implementation for family and community." In 2011 International Symposium on Information Technology in Medicine and Education (ITME 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itime.2011.6130915.

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Moore, Josh, and Brian Toone. "Building a community mapping and resource mobilization framework." In the 49th Annual Southeast Regional Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2016039.2016107.

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Oderhohwo, Ogheneuriri, Hawzhin Mohammed, Tolulope Odetola, Terry N. Guo, Syed Hasan, and Felix Dogbe. "An Edge Intelligence Framework for Resource Constrained Community Area Network." In 2020 IEEE 63rd International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mwscas48704.2020.9184597.

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Wang, Linyu, Bo Yin, and Ke Gu. "Resource Transaction Framework Based on Block Chain in Social Community." In 2018 IEEE SmartWorld, Ubiquitous Intelligence & Computing, Advanced & Trusted Computing, Scalable Computing & Communications, Cloud & Big Data Computing, Internet of People and Smart City Innovation (SmartWorld/SCALCOM/UIC/ATC/CBDCom/IOP/SCI). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smartworld.2018.00220.

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Pasha, Muhammad Fermi, Hui San Lee, Arini Widhiasi, Ronsen Purba, Ahmed Mansour, and Rahmat Budiarto. "Neural Nework-based Mobile App Framework to Aid Resource-poor Setting Community Health." In 2020 International Conference on Computing and Information Technology (ICCIT-1441). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccit-144147971.2020.9213727.

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Park, Jaeil, and Timothy W. Simpson. "Development of a Production Cost Estimation Framework for Product Family Design." In ASME 2004 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2004-57175.

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The main task of a product family designer is to decide the right components/design variables to share among products to maintain economies of scale with minimum sacrifice in the performance of each product in the family. The decisions are usually based on several criteria, but production cost is of primary concern. Estimating the production cost of a family of products involves estimating the production cost of each product in the family including the cost effects of common and variant components/design variables in the family. In this paper, we introduce a production cost estimation framework for product family design based on Activity-Based Costing (ABC), which is composed of three stages: (1) allocation, (2) estimation, and (3) analysis. In the allocation stage, the production activities that are necessary to produce all of the products in the family are identified and modeled with an activity table, a resource table, and an activity flow. To allocate the activities to products, a product family structure is represented by a hierarchical classification of the items that form the product family. In the estimation stage, production costs are estimated by converting the production activities to costs using key cost drivers that consume main resources. In the analysis stage, components/design variables for product family design are investigated with resource sharing methods through activity analysis. As an example, the proposed framework is applied to estimate the production cost of a family of cordless power screwdrivers.
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Paula, Liga, and Linda Valaine-Rohnana. "Collaboration between Pre-School Institution and Family." In 14th International Scientific Conference "Rural Environment. Education. Personality. (REEP)". Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Engineering. Institute of Education and Home Economics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/reep.2021.14.040.

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Collaboration in all educational institutions including pre-school establishments is a topical issue especially within the framework of competence-based learning approaches. The aim of the study was to find out what is the collaboration between pre-school and parents in relation to the acquisition of pre-school curriculum which in Latvia is defined as compulsory for children in the age of 5 to 6 (7) years. A quantitative approach was used in the research and two surveys were conducted in April 2020. Both parents and pre-school teachers who work with 5 to 6 (7) year old children were asked to participate in the on-line survey, which was developed in the platform VisiDati.lv. Analysis of collaboration between parents and preschool was based on the framework of six types of school-family-community involvement created by J.L. Epstein. The research analysis revealed that pre-school teachers and parents have different understandings of the child’s need for parental support so that parents can get involved and promote the acquisition of compulsory pre-school curriculum. Teachers and parents have clear communication channels to fully exchange the necessary information, however, to form collaboration, teachers have difficulties in developing individual curricula in some cases. The research results are useful to understand what hinders cooperation and how to improve it.
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Abdiyeva, Raziya. "Social Norms and Tax Culture in Transition Countries: Case of Kyrgyzstan." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c09.02011.

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Taxes are the main financial resource of government. Performance of tax system depends on the willingness of taxpayers to pay taxes or tax morale. Government can use deterrence instruments as tax penalty and size of detection. But socio-psychological factors as attitudes of community towards tax behavior of social norms related taxation can manage and regulate tax compliance more effectively than deterrence instruments. In transition economies as Kyrgyzstan government needs more financial resources to implement economic and social reforms, to decrease poverty and achieve sustainable development. Nowadays government seeks ways to increase tax revenue. Also in the project of the Conception of Fiscal Policy in Kyrgyz Republic for 2015-2020 developed by Ministry of Economy increasing tax morale, tax awareness and consciousness is stated one of the main tasks. Tax morale and tax compliance of taxpayers’ influenced by attitude of community, family and occupational group to taxes. Negative attitude of society to tax evasion can effectively regulate tax evasion and stimulate tax compliance. The aim of this research is to reveal social norms in Kyrgyzstan and to analyze how they influence on tax behavior.
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Yadav, Abhishek, Ashok K. Das, Janet K. Allen, and Farrokh Mistree. "A Computational Framework to Support Social Entrepreneurs in Creating Value for Rural Communities in India." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97375.

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Abstract Over 250 million people in India currently lack access to basic services needed to live a rudimentary lifestyle. Most of these people reside in rural parts of the country. Lack of employment, economic opportunities, and development in rural areas are foundational to low socio-economic levels in these communities. Added to this are environmental issues such as natural resource depletion, yearlong droughts, climate change. We hypothesize that social enterprises developed at the community level can improve the quality of life of people in rural India. The lack of access to investment and resources to identify and develop social enterprises are major challenges for the creation of social enterprises. We hypothesize that a successful partnership between two major stakeholders, namely, social entrepreneurs and corporate social responsibility (CSR) investors is the key in developing multiple social enterprises to foster rural development. However, CSR and other investors require quantitative information along with impact evaluation of the value proposition before investing. Social entrepreneurs lack tools to develop and present value propositions for the village in a quantitative form. In this paper, we propose a computational framework to fill this gap and to facilitate dialog between CSR investors and social entrepreneurs that may result in a mutually favorable investment.
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Srinivasan, Anand, Asli Sahin, Janis P. Terpenny, Timothy W. Simpson, Soundar R. T. Kumara, Steven B. Shooter, and Robert B. Stone. "Online Case Studies and a Process Description for Product Platform Planning." In ASME 2005 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2005-85338.

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Product Platform Planning is an emerging philosophy that calls for the planned development and deployment of families of related products. It is markedly different from the traditional product development process, which focuses on optimized designs for individual products. This is a relatively new development in engineering design, which is not typically a part of an engineer’s education. Furthermore, it is different from traditional engineering topics in that it requires an integration of principles from both management and engineering design. All this makes for a new and different topic for which educational material needs to be developed. To address these needs, an online resource has been developed. This resource includes a set of three cases, a tutorial, and a glossary in a multimedia format hosted on the Internet. The tutorial developed for the website presents the basic concepts as well as current research on planning and architecting families of products. The case study section has three cases based on a family of popular power tools. The cases present information in the form of function diagrams, assembly diagrams, customer needs and market-segment data. Links are provided to helpful sites, as well as to relevant sections in the tutorial. Although product platform planning is a relatively new development, a variety of approaches have been used by the research community and practitioners in industry. A need was felt for a comprehensive, coherent source of knowledge in this field on which to base the case studies, and also as a means to providing a single source of information to users of this resource. Accordingly, a literature review was conducted and an overall process description was developed. This paper presents and describes the online learning resource which was developed. In addition, the literature review and the process description of platform planning that were developed are also detailed.
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Reports on the topic "Family and community resource framework"

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Bowles, David, Michael Williams, Hope Dodd, Lloyd Morrison, Janice Hinsey, Tyler Cribbs, Gareth Rowell, Michael DeBacker, Jennifer Haack-Gaynor, and Jeffrey Williams. Protocol for monitoring aquatic invertebrates of small streams in the Heartland Inventory & Monitoring Network: Version 2.1. National Park Service, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2284622.

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The Heartland Inventory and Monitoring Network (HTLN) is a component of the National Park Service’s (NPS) strategy to improve park management through greater reliance on scientific information. The purposes of this program are to design and implement long-term ecological monitoring and provide information for park managers to evaluate the integrity of park ecosystems and better understand ecosystem processes. Concerns over declining surface water quality have led to the development of various monitoring approaches to assess stream water quality. Freshwater streams in network parks are threatened by numerous stressors, most of which originate outside park boundaries. Stream condition and ecosystem health are dependent on processes occurring in the entire watershed as well as riparian and floodplain areas; therefore, they cannot be manipulated independently of this interrelationship. Land use activities—such as timber management, landfills, grazing, confined animal feeding operations, urbanization, stream channelization, removal of riparian vegetation and gravel, and mineral and metals mining—threaten stream quality. Accordingly, the framework for this aquatic monitoring is directed towards maintaining the ecological integrity of the streams in those parks. Invertebrates are an important tool for understanding and detecting changes in ecosystem integrity, and they can be used to reflect cumulative impacts that cannot otherwise be detected through traditional water quality monitoring. The broad diversity of invertebrate species occurring in aquatic systems similarly demonstrates a broad range of responses to different environmental stressors. Benthic invertebrates are sensitive to the wide variety of impacts that influence Ozark streams. Benthic invertebrate community structure can be quantified to reflect stream integrity in several ways, including the absence of pollution sensitive taxa, dominance by a particular taxon combined with low overall taxa richness, or appreciable shifts in community composition relative to reference condition. Furthermore, changes in the diversity and community structure of benthic invertebrates are relatively simple to communicate to resource managers and the public. To assess the natural and anthropo-genic processes influencing invertebrate communities, this protocol has been designed to incorporate the spatial relationship of benthic invertebrates with their local habitat including substrate size and embeddedness, and water quality parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, specific conductance, and turbidity). Rigid quality control and quality assurance are used to ensure maximum data integrity. Detailed standard operating procedures (SOPs) and supporting information are associated with this protocol.
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Downes, Jane, ed. Chalcolithic and Bronze Age Scotland: ScARF Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.184.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings:  Building the Scottish Bronze Age: Narratives should be developed to account for the regional and chronological trends and diversity within Scotland at this time. A chronology Bronze Age Scotland: ScARF Panel Report iv based upon Scottish as well as external evidence, combining absolute dating (and the statistical modelling thereof) with re-examined typologies based on a variety of sources – material cultural, funerary, settlement, and environmental evidence – is required to construct a robust and up to date framework for advancing research.  Bronze Age people: How society was structured and demographic questions need to be imaginatively addressed including the degree of mobility (both short and long-distance communication), hierarchy, and the nature of the ‘family’ and the ‘individual’. A range of data and methodologies need to be employed in answering these questions, including harnessing experimental archaeology systematically to inform archaeologists of the practicalities of daily life, work and craft practices.  Environmental evidence and climate impact: The opportunity to study the effects of climatic and environmental change on past society is an important feature of this period, as both palaeoenvironmental and archaeological data can be of suitable chronological and spatial resolution to be compared. Palaeoenvironmental work should be more effectively integrated within Bronze Age research, and inter-disciplinary approaches promoted at all stages of research and project design. This should be a two-way process, with environmental science contributing to interpretation of prehistoric societies, and in turn, the value of archaeological data to broader palaeoenvironmental debates emphasised. Through effective collaboration questions such as the nature of settlement and land-use and how people coped with environmental and climate change can be addressed.  Artefacts in Context: The Scottish Chalcolithic and Bronze Age provide good evidence for resource exploitation and the use, manufacture and development of technology, with particularly rich evidence for manufacture. Research into these topics requires the application of innovative approaches in combination. This could include biographical approaches to artefacts or places, ethnographic perspectives, and scientific analysis of artefact composition. In order to achieve this there is a need for data collation, robust and sustainable databases and a review of the categories of data.  Wider Worlds: Research into the Scottish Bronze Age has a considerable amount to offer other European pasts, with a rich archaeological data set that includes intact settlement deposits, burials and metalwork of every stage of development that has been the subject of a long history of study. Research should operate over different scales of analysis, tracing connections and developments from the local and regional, to the international context. In this way, Scottish Bronze Age studies can contribute to broader questions relating both to the Bronze Age and to human society in general.
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The SMNH implementation framework for districts. Population Council, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh16.1014.

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The Safe Motherhood Demonstration Project (SMDP) implementation framework was developed as a result of lessons learned and approaches used during SMDP in Western Province, Kenya, 2000–04. All the components require cooperation and support at the provincial and national level. The six components, as outlined in this brief, are: preparation; safe motherhood (SM) rapid appraisal; analysis; intervention planning; implementation; and evaluation. The development of a Safe Motherhood Rapid Appraisal Tool has been an important outcome of the DFID Western Province SMDP. The intervention in Western Province was based on addressing resource and skills gaps in service provision, which were identified by a situation analysis carried out in each district. Through the introduction of training programs tailored to staff needs, ensuring that basic equipment and drugs were available, and ensuring greater community involvement, safe motherhood services have been improved in Western Province. The situation analysis exercise was refined during the project, resulting in the development of the Safe Motherhood Rapid Appraisal Tool.
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