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KRÖGER, Lea Katharina. "Family matters : a sibling similarity approach to the study of intergenerational inequality in Germany." Doctoral thesis, European University Institute, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/1814/70865.
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Defence date: 13 April 2021Examining Board: Professor Fabrizio Bernardi (European University Institute); Professor Juho Härkönen (European University Institute); Professor Anette Eva Fasang (Humboldt University Berlin); Professor Markus Jäntti (Stockholm University)
The intergenerational transmission of inequality is a research field that has sub-strands in several disciplines with findings that have consequences for the way we see and evaluate our society. Therefore, it is crucial to continuously update how we address questions in such an important research area. In this thesis, I study the importance of the family of origin for different areas of social inequality using a sibling design. I estimate the influence of the family on labor market success, partnership union formation, and occupational gender stratification in Germany using data from the German Socio-Economic Panel. The results show that the family plays a crucial role in the generations of social inequality over the life course. It affects the labor market attainment for different social origin groups and over and above a person's education, and it influences the timing of marriage, cohabitation, and living-apart-together unions. In addition, the gender composition of the sibling group creates inequality regarding occupational attainment within families. Thus, this thesis provides a comprehensive view of how the family of origin is relevant to several areas of social and economic life in Germany. It discusses the implications of using a comprehensive approach to the family for further research and policy.
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Norrie, Kathleen Margaret. "Family patterns in French films of the 1930s and of the Occupation." Thesis, University of Stirling, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/24388.
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This thesis comprises a study of the inscription of father, son, and daughter figures in French films of the 1930s and of the Occupation. Using the tool of Lacanian psychoanalytic theory, Part One looks at the inscription of patriarchy and the positions allotted within it to mature men, young men and young women in classic poetic-realist texts and run-of-the-mill productions of the 1930s, in order to identify the latent collective tensions in the society of that period. Part Two compares the inscription of father, son and daughter figures, together with certain stylistic features and themes, in a variety of films of the Occupation with the paradigm derived from the foregoing analysis, in order to qualify the widely held view that French films changed little between 1929 and 1945.
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Jacobson, Judy Rick. "Psychological and social effects of infant heart transplant on families." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1989. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/501.
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Wilson, Alissa Carrie. "A qualitative study of spiritual and alternative practices in social work." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2652.
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The purpose of this study is to more closely examine social workers who are practicing or familiar with spiritual and alternative techniques. These approaches are seen as highly relevant to social work values of cultural competency and empowerment.
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Cheng, Sea-ling, and 鄭詩靈. "Food and distinction in Hong Kong families." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31212955.
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Chau, Siu-ming Doris. "A study of the psycho-social aspects of Hong Kong residents with wives in Mainland China /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13991565.
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Birdsall, Samuel Ross. "Social isolation: A study of causal factors in homeless families." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2000. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1586.
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Wong, Chung-kin, and 黃仲健. "A study of family functioning of single-father families and intact families in Tseung Kwan O." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43895414.
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Chau, Siu-ming Doris, and 周筱明. "A study of the psycho-social aspects of Hong Kong residents with wivesin Mainland China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31249681.
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Hodgdon, Barbara T. "Work and Family Spillover on Aspects of Well-being in Sandwiched and Filial Caregivers." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1523916385728928.
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Friedrich, Melanie. "Social Aspects of Sustainability and Resilience in Small Town Planning : Structural Planning in Pförring, Germany." Thesis, KTH, Urbana och regionala studier, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-283735.
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In a seemingly endlessly urbanizing world, the planning field must not forget our cities’ hinterlands and rural regions. Demographic shifts, dying centers, lack of amenities and insufficient mobility options are just a few of the struggles the periphery is facing. With the help of the case study site Pförring, Germany, this report analyzes regional and local plans in relation to social aspects of sustainability and resilience. The results are the identification of crucial elements for successful transformation: vision, competence, support, action, monitoring and adjustment, depicted as an interlinked system of two interactive loops.
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Luk, Yin-ching, and 陸燕青. "Evidence-based psychosocial intervention for families with childhood cancer patients." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B44625698.
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黎程正家 and Cheng Cheng-gea Alice Lai. "Parenting and children's social competence in families with hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Guangzhou: an ecologicalstudy." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31234227.
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Jackiewicz, Stephanie. "The lived experience of a group of mothers, geographically isolated from their extended families, in establishing their social support networks." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 1998. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/984.
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This study explores the Jived experience of a group of women, geographically isolated from their extended family, as they establish their new support networks. It is based on the assumption that the shape and structure of families are constantly changing and evolving and this change in family structure impacts on both the parents and the children. One of the significant changes families are experiencing is the increasing isolation of the nuclear family from traditional family networks. It is the purpose of this study to explore the experience of this group of women to identify how the members establish their support networks. It determines the process they used in developing these networks and discovers the essential elements which contributed to the formation of new networks. The women participating in the study have all moved to Western Australia and as a result are isolated from their extended family. They all have at least one pre school aged child, speak English and have been involved in a self-help group for families separated from their extended family. A phenomenological approach was adopted to explore how this specific group of women in this situation has established their new support networks. The aim is to explore this phenomenon from the participant's perspective. A small sample of participants was selected from the self-help group with the help of a key informant. The data were collected over an extended period using in depth interviews. Each interview was transcribed and analysed for themes and concepts. These were taken back to the participants for verification. The findings have been reported using the narrative style as this is a style that fits comfortably with women. The narratives were verified by the individual participants as a true account of their experience. The themes extracted from all the participants are also reported and verified by the individual participants. The themes answer the questions of how these women establish their networks and what influences and affects the formation of these new networks. This study has implications for both policy and practice. It identifies areas where policy needs to be reviewed in order for additional funding to be provided to current health services so that they can continue with current services and expand these. Other services need to provide alternate models in order to meet the needs of various clientele. Services need to become more responsive to the community in order to meet their current needs. Additionally, some new and alternate services could be explored in order to meet the needs of this particular group. The need for further research has been highlighted by this study in the area of NESB migrants and their establishment of new networks, mothers of older school age children and those in full time employment trying to establish networks. In general the role of women in establishing networks within families still needs further researching. This study has identified some important factors in the establishment of networks by mothers of pre-school children, who are geographically isolated from their extended family.
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Casey, David Matthew. "Summer activities and social competence of adolescents from low-income families individual, family, and neighborhood factors /." Thesis, Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3036163.
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Hambridge, Katherine Grace. "The performance of history : music, identity and politics in Berlin, 1800-1815." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283937.
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Zhou, Jie. "A study of the effect of flexible work schedules on family satisfaction : investigating the moderating roles of managerial support and employee needs." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2008. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/922.
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Steyn, Beatrix Hendrina. "Surviving a laryngectomy : the experiences of post-operative cancer patients and their families." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95872.
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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Post-operative laryngectomy patients face various physical, psychological and social challenges. The comprehensive effects of a total laryngectomy can have an adverse impact on the patient and his or her family. Because improved medical treatment can increase the life expectancy of cancer sufferers, psychosocial guidance is required over an extended period. Unfortunately, limited information on the coping strategies of such patients is available. The social work profession could benefit from greater insight into the strengths and coping mechanisms of post-operative cancer patients in order to guide them through their survivorship journey with insight and compassion. The researcher therefore aimed to explore and describe the experience of a patient and his/her close family while coping with the long-term challenges of a laryngectomy. The objectives were: (1) to discuss the nature of cancer survivorship, (2) to describe the medical aspects of and physical re-adjustments to a laryngectomy, (3) to discuss principles and strategies for coping and surviving a laryngectomy, (4) to describe the comprehensive psychosocial effects during the permanent survival phase and re-entry into society; (5) to explore the survivorship journey of laryngectomy patients and their families, and (6) to analyse and interpret data obtained from the study. Each of the survivorship phases as contextualised by Miller et al. (2008:369-374)* is discussed in the literature review. Both the ecological and the strengths perspective were utilised as the theoretical framework for this study. Principles of the strengths perspective focus on the inherent strengths that help patients cope with this traumatic life event, while the ecological perspective focuses on the utilisation of community resources in order to survive the laryngectomy experience. A combination of exploratory and descriptive designs was applied throughout the study to gain insight into the survival experience of post-operative laryngectomy patients and their families. The research question was: “What are patients’ and families’ experiences of surviving a laryngectomy with the assistance of internal and external resources within the family system and environment?” This question was addressed by combining the quantitative and qualitative research approaches. Forty-five post laryngectomy patients and fifteen family members, representing one-third of these patients, were included in the study through purposive sampling. The study period was from June 2012 to July 2013. The inclusion criteria required: (1) Patients from the service area of the selected hospital who received a total laryngectomy as surgical treatment for an advanced stage of cancer of the larynx or hypopharynx; (2) patients who were operated on not less than three months previously; (3) patients who had already completed their initial treatment and who were attending the follow-up clinic; and (4) patients who had successfully acquired trachea-oesophageal speech. Data obtained from the interviews were organised into themes. Four themes were identified: (1) the need for pre-operative information; (2) experience of physical adjustment; (3) coping and strengths used; and (4) experience of psychosocial effects of surgery and re-entry into society. These themes were divided into sub-themes and categories. The main outcome of the study was that both patients and families mobilise a combination of inner strengths and external resources to adapt to the inevitable physical changes resulting from a laryngectomy. It is therefore recommended that social workers dealing with survivorship cases utilise a combination of the ecological and strengths perspectives to create an environment in which patients can explore their own inner strengths, or to help them link to community resources whilst coping with their survivorship journey. Future research should focus on the long-term psychosocial survival of laryngectomy patients and their families, as it is likely that survivorship will increase in future; the implementation of survivorship programmes for health care professionals to equip them with skills to guide cancer survivors to full utilisation of their own strengths and available community resources; the role of pre- and primary school children/grandchildren in the rehabilitation of laryngectomy patients deserves further investigation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Laringektomie-pasiënte word ná hul operasie met verskeie liggaamlike, psigiese en sosiale uitdagings gekonfronteer. Die omvattende gevolge van ‘n totale laringektomie kan die pasiënt en sy of haar gesin nadelig affekteer. Aangesien verbeterde mediese behandeling die lewensverwagting van kankerpasiënte kan verleng, word psigososiale ondersteuning oor ‘n langer tydperk benodig. Ongelukkig bestaan daar baie min inligting oor hoe pasiënte kanker hanteer. Die maatskaplike werk beroep kan dus voordeel trek uit beter insig in die hanteringsmeganismes van post-operatiewe kankerpasiënte om hulle met insig en empatie deur hul oorlewingsreis te kan begelei. Die navorser het ten doel gehad om die ondervindings van die kankerpasiënt en sy/haar naby familie tydens hul langtermynhantering van ‘n laringektomie te ondersoek en te beskrywe. Verdere oogmerke van die studie was: (1) om die aard van kankeroorlewing te bespreek; (2) om die mediese aspekte van en liggaamlike aanpassing ná ‘n laringektomie te beskrywe; (3) om die beginsels en strategieë vir ‘n oorwinning oor ‘n laringektomie te bespreek; (4) om die omvattende psigososiale gevolge van die finale oorlewingsfase en hertoetrede tot die gemeenskap te beskrywe; (5) om die oorlewingsreis van die laringektomiepasiënt en sy/haar gesin te ondersoek; en (6) om die resultate van die studie te ontleed en te interpreteer. Elk van die oorlewingsfases soos deur Miller et al. (2008:369-374)* beskrywe, is in die literatuuroorsig bespreek. Die ekologiese en die sterkte-perspektiewe is tesame as teoretiese raamwerk vir die studie gebruik. Die beginsels van die sterkte-perspektief is op die inherente krag van pasiënte gemik, om te bepaal hoe hulle hierdie traumatiese lewensgebeurtenis hanteer, terwyl die ekologiese perspektief op hul aanwending van gemeenskapsbronne om die laringektomie te oorleef, fokus. ‘n Kombinasie van ondersoekende en beskrywende navorsings ontwerpe is deurgaans gebruik om insig in die oorlewingstryd van laringektomiepasiënte en hul gesinne te verkry. Die navorsingsvraag was: “Wat is pasiënte en hul gesinne se ervarings van oorlewing na ‘n laringektomie met die hulp van interne en eksterne hulpbronne in die gesinstruktuur en omgewing?” Kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetodes is gekombineer om hierdie vraag te ondersoek. Vyf-en-veertig laringektomiepasiënte en vyftien gesinslede, wat verteenwoordigend van twee-derdes van die pasiënte was, is met behulp van ‘n doelbewuste steekproef by die studie betrek. Die studie is tussen Junie 2012 en Julie 2013 onderneem. Die insluitingskriteria was: Pasiënte uit die diensgebied van die spesifieke hospitaal wat 'n totale laringektomie as chirurgiese behandeling vir 'n gevorderde stadium van kanker van die larinks of hipofarinks ontvang het; (2) pasiënte wat hul operasie nie meer as drie maande vantevore ondergaan het nie, (3) pasiënte wat reeds hul aanvanklike behandeling voltooi het en wat die opvolgkliniek bywoon, (4) pasiënte wat tragea-esofageale spraak suksesvol bemeester het. Die data, wat deur middel van onderhoude ingesamel is, is in temas gegroepeer. Vier temas is geïdentifiseer: (1) die behoefte aan inligting voor die operasie; (2) ervaring van liggaamlike aanpassing; (3) die hantering van omstandighede en innerlike krag; en (4) ervaring van die psigososiale uitwerking van die operasie en hertoetrede tot die gemeenskap. Hierdie temas is verder in subtemas en kategorieë verdeel. Die belangrikste uitkoms van hierdie studie is dat beide pasiënte en gesinne ‘n kombinasie van hul innerlike krag en eksterne bronne aangewend het om ná die laringektomie by die onafwendbare liggaamlike veranderinge aan te pas. Daar word dus aanbeveel dat maatskaplike werkers wat kankeroorlewendes hanteer, van ‘n kombinasie van die ekologiese en die sterkte-perspektief gebruik maak om ‘n omgewing te skep waarin die pasiënt sy of haar eie innerlike krag kan ontgin, of om pasiënte te help om kontak met gemeenskapsbronne te maak terwyl hulle die oorlewingsreis baasraak. Toekomstige navorsing behoort te fokus op langtermyn psigososiale oorlewing van laringektomie pasiënte en familie met inagneming van die tendens dat kanker pasiënte se oorlewing toeneem; die implementering van opleidingsprogramme vir gesondheidswerkers te fokus om hulle met die nodige kennis toe te rus om kankeroorlewendes te begelei om hul volle krag en alle beskikbare gemeenskapsbronne te gebruik. Daarby verdien die rol van voorskoolse- en laerskoolkinders in die rehabilitasie van laringektomiepasiënte verdere ondersoek.
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Battiest, Martha Marie. "A descriptive/analytical study: The impact of aspects of their cultural, social, and educational experiences on a living five-generation black family in the United States, 1893-present." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187142.
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This dissertation analyzes a black family's social, cultural, and educational experiences including factors related to their successes and failures during the past century in the United States. These experiences span the eras of segregation, desegregation, and integration. Specifically, the study examines what this family's members view as their strengths and weaknesses and how each has contributed to their high and low levels of achievement in school and society. Such data can be useful and applicable to black families and other cultural groups as they strive to achieve in school and society. This first-hand information can be valuable for identifying the specific issues and problems impacting the families being studied. Findings from these empirical data can contribute to the betterment of schools and society as families, educators, policy makers, and others focus on addressing these issues and seeking solutions to the problems. Sleeter's (1991) research includes varying theoretical views regarding the value of voice and empowerment for the betterment of individuals, education, and society. Ruiz (as cited in Sleeter, 1991) theorizes that having a voice implies not just that people can say things but that they are heard (that is, their words have status and influence), and Banks (as cited in Sleeter, 1991) suggests that "the position of the U.S. as a world leader demands that we deal more effectively and constructively with the enormous cultural differences in our society" (p. 297). Given the cultural diversity within the American population, it is deemed appropriate to include for this black family study an in-depth discussion regarding other families from various cultures, namely, Native Americans, Asians, Hispanics, and Jews. Chapter 2 examines each group's experiences since their initial contact with the Anglo or dominant cultural group. Findings from this family research study can contribute to the betterment of America by providing perspectives to enhance intra/intercultural relationships among various cultural groups in our society. Enhanced familial and cultural relationships can be valuable not only to my family but to other groups and their families as they seek success in school and society.
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Blomgren, Constance, and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Education. "Family photos : an exploration of significant exposures." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Education, 1999, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/93.
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This hermeneutic inquiry into the significance of family photographs in our personal and public lives explores the relationship between the subject, the photographer and the viewer. The discussion uses the photgraphic oeuvres of the author's paternal grandfather and maternal grandmother as the basis of the exploration. Themes which appear include the following: the represented and projected images of a family within family photos; the significance of gender in the making of snapshots; and, the influence of history and religion upon families.
The discussion also includes the relationship between art and photography, art photography and the snapshot genre, the role of women within photography and snapshot photography as a method of visual narrative. The author delves into hermeneutics as an interpretative framework when viewing family photos. Semiotics, and Roland Barthes' Camera Lucida (1981) inform the discussion in addition to Jung's matriarchal consciousness as two alternative frameworks for interpreting family photographs. The study indicates that family photographs are visual artifacts which document and authenticate the lived experiences of the photographer and that they serve as a visual form of life writing. Data from the photographic industry indicates the heavy
involvment of women in family photographs which the study links to the marginalised role of the genre. To interpret the significance of the ubiquitous family snapshot involves the hermeneutic circle as the "text" of the photograph involves the inter-textuality of other previously encountered texts.xvii, 199 leaves : ill. ; 28 cm.
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Shure, Dominique Alexandra. "Essays in education economics." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4c4e9922-1028-41eb-ad81-7ab74b80311b.
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This thesis examines three different aspects of education policy to ascertain their effects on individual outcomes, both in the classroom and in the labour market. The goal is to provide new empirical evidence using robust identification strategies that can inform better policy. The first chapter looks at the role of pre-primary education in Germany using the German Socio-Economic Panel data set (GSOEP) to determine if attending an early education programme for longer increases the probability of attending a higher-level secondary school at age fourteen. I employ family fixed effects estimation and quasi-experimental analysis to control for selection. The results of the family fixed effects estimation show a small and negative impact of attending early education for more years. In the quasi-experimental analysis, based upon a federal law change in 1996, I find no impact of more years of early education on later schooling outcomes. In the second chapter of this thesis, I again use the GSOEP to examine the recent German reform to extend the length of the primary school day. I exploit the quasi-experimental roll-out of reform to assign treatment to women and look at whether increasing school hours increases the likelihood that mothers enter into employment or extend their hours if already working. I find that the policy has an effect at the extensive margin, drawing more women into the labour market, but that there is no significant impact of the policy at the intensive margin. In the final chapter I turn my attention to how peers' non-cognitive traits impact an individual's learning outcomes. Using an educational panel from Flanders, Belgium, I use the linear-in- means model of peer effects as well as several non-linear models to see how peers' personalities in a classroom affect Dutch and math scores. The results show that having more conscientious peers on average positively impacts Dutch and math scores, but that a greater dispersion of conscientiousness hurts Dutch outcomes. I also find that having more extroverted peers on average hurts math performance.
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Gruner, Kelly L. "Effect of perceived family functioning on social self-esteem in early adulthood." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1265092.
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This study was designed to examine the effect of perceived family functioning on social self-esteem in early adulthood. It was hypothesized that 1) there would be significant differences in level of social self-esteem based on categories of family functioning (as indicated by FACES-III scores), A) subjects with both moderate cohesion and moderate adaptability will report the highest social self-esteem, B) subjects with mixed levels of cohesion and adaptability, e.g. moderate cohesion/extreme adaptability and extreme cohesion/moderate adaptability, will report mid-level social self-esteem, and C) subjects with both extreme cohesion and adaptability will report the lowest social self-esteem. Data were analyzed by conducting a one-way ANOVA. Results did not provide support for the hypotheses. Implications of these findings and future directions for research are discussed.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
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Weiss, Franziska. "Governmental discourse surrounding families in Germany from 1968 till 2006 : A balancing act of family- integrity and societal change, with special attention to the mother’s occupation." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för socialt arbete och psykologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-25174.
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In Germany, the family is historically that of a traditional one. A bourgeois family, in which the father takes care of the family’s existential situation, and the mother commits to housework and care of children (Fleckenstein, 2011; Nill& Schultz, 2010). This is mirrored in ‘subsidiarity’; that care and financial provision is first and foremost covered by the family itself, and then if first instance fails, covered by the state (Fleckenstein, 2011). Hence, ‘care’ is an explicit political expectation that the state has on families. Within this definition of family, contextualized is the mother; she constitutes a committed care-taker, and a less flexible employee on the labour market (Fleckenstein, 2011; Nill& Schultz, 2010). This bachelor’s thesis, studies governmental discourse surrounding German families and women within them. The aim was to identify definitional constants in the German Family-reports about the concepts of family, and working mothers. For this family- reports from 1968, 1994, and 2006 have been analysed. To do this, the researcher made use of the discourse historical approach formulated by Ruth Wodak (Wodak& Meyer, 2001).
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Faber, Pierre Anthony. "Industrial relations, flexibility, and the EU social dimension : a comparative study of British and German employer response to the EU social dimension." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1999. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:959fa1ee-cd08-450b-8e94-68b9858dd9e3.
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This study sets out to explore employer response to the EU social dimension, in answer to the question, "How are employers in the UK and Germany responding to the EU social dimension, and why?" Using case study evidence from nine large British and German engineering companies, as well as material from employers' associations at all levels, it is argued that there is little employer support for extending the social dimension. Focusing on micro-economic aspects of the debate, it is also argued that a common feature in both British and German employer opposition is a concern for the impact of EU industrial relations regulation on firm-level flexibility. This stands in direct contradiction of the EU Commission's own contentions about the flexibility-enhancing effects of its social policy measures, and appears paradoxical in light of earlier research findings of a German flexibility advantage over UK rivals on account of the country's well-structured regulatory framework for industrial relations. Evidence from participant companies, however, suggests that, in the global environment of the late 1990s, much of Germany's former flexibility advantage has been eroded, and the regulation-induced limitations on both the pace and scale of change are increasingly onerous to German companies. German managers perceive a need for targeted deregulatory reform of their industrial relations system; by strengthening (and often extending) existing industrial relations regulation, EU social policy measures meet with firm disapproval. In the UK, by contrast, the changed context has contributed to a significant increase in firm-level flexibility. British companies now operate to levels of flexibility often in advance of their German counterparts, at far lower 'cost' in terms of the time taken, and the extent to which change measures are compromised, to reach agreement. For British managers, EU social policy measures are perceived as a threat to these beneficial arrangements, and vigorously opposed. The thesis concludes by suggesting that such fixed opposition, in the face of Commission determination to extend the EU social dimension, points to an escalation of the controversy surrounding the social dimension.
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Broege, Stephanie, and n/a. "Mobile New Zealand : a multi-method comparative study of cell phone use." University of Otago. Department of Media, Film and Communication Studies, 2008. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20080819.150246.
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Worldwide use of mobile phones has created a new basis for interpersonal communication and has become a ubiquitous feature of youth culture. Hence the examination of global mobile phone adoption is a global challenge for communication researchers as well as for the media industries. Thus far, New Media research in New Zealand (NZ) has focused on children and teenagers. The group of young adults between 18-25 years has rarely been surveyed. This thesis focused on university students� use of mobile communication in NZ in the context of their everyday practices. The Mobile Media Study (MMS) was designed as a cross-national comparative research project with a focus on NZ together with one European and one North American country. The usage behavior, experiences, attitudes, and opinions of young NZers� towards mobile phone use was examined and contrasted to young German and American students. Methodological and data triangulation was applied and data was collected at the University of Otago, the City University of New York, the Pennsylvania State University, and the University of Leipzig. MMS survey research was conducted along with focus group and personal interviews, and qualitative exercises. In addition, the latest data from a longitudinal study of New Media use in Germany, the US and NZ served as a secondary, comparative, and complementary dataset.
The research questions focused on general mobile phone use, text-messaging (SMS), the acceptance of Third Generation (3G) cell phones, mobile phone use in public places, gender-specific usages, and the construction of mobile social networks. Altogether, data from 1,316 students at four universities in three countries was analyzed. Results indicated that the number of providers as well as tariff structures appear to influence mobile phone adoption within a country. To adjust to the duopoly situation young people in NZ preferred prepaid cards in connection with a SMS package. This was reflected by extraordinarily high use of SMS in NZ. By comparison German and American students preferred annual contracts. Americans, who had the strongest preference for mobile calling, also had the highest monthly expenses. Additionally, findings revealed that overall user interest in 3G services is not yet very high. It was found that in particular NZ students do not exploit the full range of mobile services already available to them and feel confident that their current cell phone gratifies all their needs. They concentrate on using basic functions, such as calling and SMS. In addition, results suggest a decreasing role of the landline telephone and email for interpersonal communication.
Gender differences were found with NZ women in particular being most enthusiastic about SMS. German men had the most negative attitude toward SMS and also used the service the least in comparison to the other students surveyed. In general women had a preference for the communicative functions on their mobile phone including voicemail and more women than men in Germany and NZ were found to play mobile phone games. Finally, evidence of gender specific social network structures were found in NZ with male networks resembling spider webs while female networks were centered so that all persons in the network connected back to the center. Overall, students only used a fraction of the contacts in their mobile phone book and communicated mostly within a limited local area. In conclusion, a replication of the MMS was suggested along with further multi-method research in the field of Asian-NZer�s New Media use.
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Mbokazi, Jabulani Tadeus. "Aspects of the family in Ancient Egypt." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/698.
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Thesis (MA (Ancient Studies)--University of Stellenbosch, 2002.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study deals with the ancient Egyptian family. Cultural anthropology is used as a point of departure to reconstruct the daily lives of the ancient Egyptians. Cultural anthropology usually applies to living communities but most of the principles it uses are just as relevant in the study of a dead culture. The emphasis of this study is on the different cultural domains, which include education, religion, family livelihoods, family recreation, entertaimnent and travel and social organization and how these are interrelated. Most of our ancient Egyptian knowledge comes from the tombs of wealthy individuals, and thus incomplete since we have no record of how peasants perceived the world, as they could not afford a good burial. Other sources are the ancient documents and artefacts from town sites all associated with wealthy individuals. While peasants were too poor to send their children to school, wealthier Egyptians did send their children to school especially boys. Agriculture was central in ancient Egyptian life. The nobility and other higher classes depended on the toil of the peasant for basic commodities and food. The peasant families in the rural areas were unable to attend the lavish festivals in the cities. Their basic focus was centred on their homes, families and on the success of the harvest. The peasant had his own private god or gods to whom he could tum for aid or comfort in times of trouble. Surplus items of food, clothing, oil and such like could be used for barter for purchasing essential items for everyday living. During their spare time the Egyptian families entertained friends, engaged in the various pastimes and travel. The peasant, as providers of food, formed an important social base for the Egyptian state.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie handel oor die Egiptiese familie. Kulturele antropologie word gebruik as metode om die daaglikse lewe van die antieke Egiptenare te rekonstrueer. Kulturele antropologie word gewoonlik op "lewende" gemeenskappe toegepas, maar die beginsels daarvan is net so relevant vir die bestudering van "dooie" kulture. Die fokus van hierdie studie is op die verskillende kulturele domeine wat insluit onderrig, religie, familie aktiwiteite, familie ontspanning, vermaak, reis en sosiale organisasie en hoe hierdie domeine op mekaar inwerk. Meeste van die kennis oor antieke Egipte word verkry uit die grafte van ryk individue en is daarom gebrekkig ten opsigte van kleinboere en hul siening van die wêreld, omdat hulle nie behoorlike grafte kon bekostig nie. Ander bronne is die antieke tekste en artefakte wat gevind word in dorpe, wat ook meestal behoort het aan ryk persone. Die kleinboere kon nie bekostig om hul kinders na 'n skool te stuur nie, maar ryk Egiptenare kon wel - veral dan seuns. Landbou was baie belangrik tot Egiptiese lewe. Die aristokrasie en ander klasse was afhanklik van die sukkelbestaan van kleinboere om hulle te voorsien van die basiese goedere en voedsel. Kleinboer families, wat in die platteland gebly het kon nie die groot feeste in die stede bywoon nie. Hul persoonlike oortuigings het daarom gefokus op die huishouding, familie en suksesvolle oeste. Kleinboere het 'n persoonlike god of gode gehad wat tot hul hulp kon kom, of troos kon bied in tye van krisis. Surplus goedere soos, onder andere, voedsel, klere en olie kon as ruilmiddel gebruik word om ander items wat benodig word, te bekom. In vrye tyd het families vriende onthaal, verskillende stokperdjies beoefen en rondgereis. Die kleinboere, as verskaffers van voedsel, het 'n belangrike sosiale basis van die Egiptiese staat gevorm.
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Robinson, Miranda Dawn. "Do the homeless choose to remain homeless?" CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1997. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1366.
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Crimaldi, Christie Lynn. "Organizational policies, organizational social support, and work-family conflict: The mediating role of motivation orientation." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3303.
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The current study examines the relationship between organizational support and work-family/family-work conflict. This study hopes to add to the literature by looking at individual differences as a possible mediator in the relationship between various sources of support and conflict between work and family.
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Gardner-Ray, Janet. "The impact of social groups and content on the maintenance of health behavior practices over a one-year period." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1036819.
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During a period from May, 1993 to July of 1993, 309 employees of a large telecommunication's company selfselected to participate in an eight-week health promotion program designed to assist them in changing health behaviors. The program participants were then surveyed at the end of one-year to determine if they had maintained the health behavior changes practiced during the eight-week program and the impact of family, friends and coworkers on the level the participant was practicing the health behavior changes at the end of one-year.A growing body of evidence suggests ongoing research in the area of health behavior change because health related medical claims, absenteeism and decreased productivity continue to have serious financial consequences for American business. In Corporate America, health education programs have been organized to give employees the opportunity to change negative health habits and replace them with positive health habits. The assumption being, that healthier employees': (1) use less medical benefits (2) report fewer absent sick days and (3) are more productive employees.In addition, prior research indicates that being part of a social network or having access to social group support can help individuals decrease the level they practice negative health habits and increase the level they practice positive health habits. Thus, an understanding of social group support on the behavior change process is important to education professionals evaluating the effectiveness of health education programs within the corporate setting.This research study was designed to examine a health promotion program offered to employees of a large telecommunication company and the impact social groups andcontent had on the level participants changed their health related behaviors. The research assumed that examining encouragement and discouragement provided by: (1) family, (2) friends, and (3) coworkers would lead to a greater understanding of the impact social groups had on the level a participant practiced health behavior changes at the end of one year.This research indicated that social group participation played a significant role in the level a program participant was practicing health behavior changes at the end of one year. The analysis further indicated that support from family and friends were significant factors in the behavioral change process.In addition, organizational support prior to and during the "Health Habits Challenge" program had no significant impact on the level participants were practicing health behavior changes at the end of one year. However, participants receiving organizational support prior to and during the "Health Habits Challenge" program perceived their health as having improved during the one-year maintenance phase, while participants who did not receive organizational support reported their health status had declined.Relationships reported by this research study are sufficiently strong enough to warrant further research both qualitative and quantitative, to provide health educators with a better understanding of how social groups and organizational content influence health behavior changes. The factors are potentially important, not only for theoretical and research purposes but also for making practice and policy decisions appropriate to health promotion and health education.Department of Educational Leadership
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Böttcher, Judith Lena. "Vowed to community or ordained to mission? : aspects of separation and integration in the Lutheran Deaconess Institute, Neuendettelsau, Bavaria." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:75ce64eb-5a38-4d36-84d7-c48071df089c.
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This study offers an overdue exploration of the early years of the deaconess community in Neuendettelsau from a gender perspective. Drawing on rich archival material, it focuses on the process of the formation of a distinctive collective identity. Central to this study is the assumption, drawn from the social sciences, that collective identity is a social construction which requires the participation of the whole group through identification and which is consolidated by developing specific rituals, symbols, codes and normative texts, which facilitate integration, and by constructing external boundaries, which separate from the world and wider church. The centrifugal forces which came into play when deaconesses were sent out in isolation were counterbalanced by a communal life which offered forms of participation and identification for the individual members and which consolidated their sense of belonging. The first chapter introduces the methodology. Chapter Two explores the social, cultural and theological context of the foundation of the Deaconess Institute, and offers a brief outline of the institution's historical development. The third chapter offers an in-depth analysis of the initiation ceremony as a rite which both admitted into the community and conferred an ecclesiastical office. Chapter Four analyses formative and normative texts that shed light on the community's norms, values, and expectations. In the fifth chapter, non-literary means of consolidating and affirming the deaconesses' collective identity are explored. This study concludes that the process of the emergence of a specific deaconess culture was pervaded by bourgeois norms, values, patterns of behaviour and notions about gender roles which measured out the women's radius of action and were at times difficult to reconcile with the deaconess profession.
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Istanbullu, Suat. "Pratiques langagières intergénérationnelles : le cas de familles transnationales plurilingues (Antioche, Île-de-France, Berlin)." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCF018/document.
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À côté des études, en France, sur le plurilinguisme des familles de migrants et des travaux internationaux sur les politiques linguistiques familiales, cette thèse s’intéresse aux pratiques langagières intergénérationnelles de familles transnationales. Résidant en Ile de France, à Berlin ou à Antioche au Sud de la Turquie, où les membres les plus âgés sont nés, leur répertoire linguistique comprend l’arabe, le turc et le français ou l’allemand. À partir d’une ethnographie multi-sites auprès de 13 familles dont 100 membres ont été rencontrés, et d’analyses quantitative puis interactionnelle de quatre corpus recueillis dans deux familles à Paris et Berlin, les notions de language shift, de transmission ou d’agentivité sont notamment discutées. Dans un contexte où les participants présentent tous des profils différents et des ressources asymétriques dans les différentes langues, on observe l’utilisation de toutes les langues et en particulier de l’arabe dont la pratique est favorisée, pour les plus jeunes, par des phénomènes d’alignement aux choix linguistiques qu’ils initient dans l’interaction. Le turc se trouve pour sa part utilisé dans des prises de parole multilingues. Les reformulations, aides et traductions font ressortir le rôle prépondérant de la bienveillance entre les adultes et les plus jeunes pour favoriser la communication intergénérationnelle et, par là, l’utilisation des langues familiales.Cette thèse constitue une contribution à la description de pratiques langagières familiales, à l’approche de politiques linguistiques de familles transnationales, à la documentation de la variété d’arabe antiochien en interaction et à l’étude de corpus hétérogènes trilinguesAlong with many French studies on migrant families’ multilingualism and international studies on family language policy, this thesis deals with intergenerational language practices within transnational families. The linguistic repertoire of these families living in Paris, Berlin or Antioch in South Turkey, where the oldest members were born, includes Arabic, Turkish, French or German. Drawing on a multisited ethnography with 13 families and 100 members interviewed, along with quantitative and interactional analysis of four corpora collected in two families in Paris and in Berlin, notions of language shift, transmission and agentivity are discussed. In this context where all the participants present different profiles and show varying resources in the languages used, we observe the use of all languages. Arabic is being used in particular by the youngest thanks to the phenomena of alignment by the oldest to the linguistic choices they initiate in the interaction. Turkish, in contrast, is more used in multilingual turns. The help of family members together with rewording and translating, fosters the role of goodwill between adults and the youngest family members, which enables the intergenerational communication and the use of heritage languages. This thesis is a contribution to the description of family language practices, approaches transnational families’ language policy, allows the documentation of Antiochian Arabic and contributes to the analysis of the trilingual heterogeneous corpora
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Zhong, Xiaofang, and 鍾曉芳. "An exploratory study on the change of family rituals among divorced parent families in Beijing." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40887728.
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Jimenez, Susanne Allison, and Lori Hai Stooksbury. "The utilization of parent-child visitations for reunification and stability among children and families." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2005. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2753.
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Nygren, Peggy. "Exploring the Effects of Multi-Level Protective and Risk Factors on Child and Parenting Outcomes in Families Participating in Healthy Start/Healthy Families Oregon (HS/HFO)." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1513.
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While many studies focus on the links between multiple risk factors and negative outcomes such as child maltreatment, less is known about the influence of protective factors in the face of risks. The theoretical base of this study was a social ecological model of interactive influences including individual parent, family, and neighborhood level factors to predict outcomes. Protective Factor Index (PFI) and Risk Factor Index (RFI) predictors were developed to explore potential multi-level protective factor buffering effects on key child development and parenting outcomes. Participants were first time mothers enrolled in a randomized controlled study of the Healthy Start/ Healthy Families Oregon (HS/HFO) home visitation program (treatment group) who completed a follow-up phone survey at the child’s 12 month birthday (n = 405). Families were offered HS/HFO services prenatally after meeting risk screening eligibility criteria on the New Baby Questionnaire (NBQ). Program mothers having received at least one home visit (n = 248) were included in the final analyses. Families had an average of 3.1 (SD = 1.2) NBQ risk factors at enrollment and 83% reported having trouble paying for basic needs. Families received an average of 16 home visits in the first 6 months of the program. Thirty-one percent of mothers were aged 19 or younger, 60% were White and Non-Hispanic, 31% were Hispanic, and 9% were another race/ethnicity. Hierarchical regression models with main effects (RFI, PFI, race) and an interaction term (RFI X PFI) were developed to predict eight outcomes. Interaction effects models were not significant. Five RFI main effects were significant: higher RFI scores were associated with greater likelihood of child welfare involvement, greater parenting stress, less favorable scores on child health and well-being, lower parent responsiveness and ii acceptance, and less supportive learning environments. One PFI main effect was significant: higher PFI scores predicted lower parenting stress. A trend level result showed higher PFI scores were associated with less child welfare involvement. Race was significant in two models: White/Non-Hispanic families were more likely to have a home visitor report child welfare involvement and had more frequent parent-child activities compared to other race/ethnicity families. Unpacking the results with separate single risk factor (12 items) and protective factor (10 items) regression models followed. Results showed parent’s prior family history of maltreatment and younger maternal age predicted child welfare involvement (home visitor report), while protection was seen for those with access to housing support. Social support and family functioning protectors were linked to lower parenting stress, while maternal depression showed the opposite finding. Better scores on a child health and well-being measure were seen with higher neighborhood cohesion and greater participation in HS/HFO; in contrast, neighborhood violence and frequent mobility were linked to worse scores. Developmentally supportive home environments were seen for families participating in additional parent support programs, in which the mother had greater knowledge of infant milestones and behavior, and if the family had access to housing supports. Unemployment proved to be associated with less enriched home environments. In summary, there was no support for the cumulative PFI in buffering risk for negative outcomes in this model. The RFI was also a more robust predictor of outcomes compared to the PFI in the main effects models. Overall, study findings provide some evidence for the utility of specific protective factors, as well as cumulative and specific single risk factors, for screening families for effectively targeting services and guiding the conceptual development of program and evaluation formats.
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Glatte, Sarah. "Sex and the party : gender policy, gender culture, and political participation in unified Germany." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:117e7b70-e1ba-402e-acb2-59cf1b916d2b.
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This thesis explores the relationship between gender policy, gender culture, and political participation in unified Germany. It investigates the extent to which political regimes shape citizens' attitudes towards gender roles and examines the effect of such attitudes on women's participation in politics. The thesis is divided into three parts: The first part explores the differences in gender regime types between the former German Democratic Republic and Federal Republic of Germany during the Cold War period. Building on existing studies, the analysis considers how generations that were socialised in the divided Germany differ in their attitudes toward gender roles. It finds that citizens from West Germany are more socially conservative than citizens from the East. The second part of the thesis tests the effects of these traditional gender attitudes on citizens' participation, focusing on party membership. The analysis highlights that gender gaps in formal political participation in unified Germany still exist, but that these gaps are smaller in the new federal states. The investigation further shows that traditional gender attitudes exert a negative effect on women’s political engagement beyond the predictive power of socio-economic and demographic factors. The final part of this thesis casts a critical look at the political controversy in Germany over the introduction of a cash-for-care subsidy (the so-called Betreuungsgeld). It explores the normative assumptions and ideas about gender roles that have been promoted by Germany's main political parties throughout the policy negotiation process. Using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, the research presented in this thesis draws on, and contributes to, studies on gender, welfare states, political socialisation, and political participation.
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Blanchard, Samantha Everhart. "Understanding the Experience of Air Force Single Parents: A Phenomenological Study." PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/621.
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Today, raising children under the best of circumstances represents a daunting endeavor as any parent and a growing body of research confirm. When a single parent is on active duty in one of the U.S. armed forces, there are additional challenges involved that may not exist among civilian counterparts. The phenomenon of single parents on active duty with its unique difficulties associated both with single parenting and with military service was the basis of this study. The purpose of the research was twofold: to describe the experiences of Air Force single parents as related to social support and work-life theory in the context of bureaucracy and to use that understanding to identify needed improvements in support services. The specific aim of this study was to gain an understanding of single parents in the military through a phenomenological approach. Purposive sampling was utilized to identify the 13 participants. The central question for the study was the following: What are the experiences of single parents serving on active duty in the United States Air Force? The seven themes that were identified as part of the single parent experience were: (a) transition to single parent in the Air Force, (b) better life (c) parental responsibilities, (d) work responsibilities, (e) support provided by the work organizations, (f) informal social supports, and (g) work-life conflict. Major findings include the importance of family-friendly supervisors that alleviated work-family conflict. Participants also noted the military family as being significant to their adjustment and acceptance of military life. Finally, participants were seeking a better life for themselves and their children by either joining as a single parent or deciding to stay as a single parent. This study offers an opportunity to change policy and practice to enhance and encourage the retention of single parents. One application of study findings is the reexamination of the Family Care Plan to alleviate work-family conflict. Another area identified for practice enhancement is the education and training of family-friendly supervisors.
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Augaitis, Sheila R. "Living room culture : an anthropological study of television usage behavior in America." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1045626.
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The television viewing habits of ten Indianapolis-based households were researched and analyzed as to the effects of television on the middleclass American family. This study illustrates how television reinforces Americans' abilities to make choices and exhibit control over technology. With television use as its main focus, this study examines choice in American culture, remote control use, gender-based comparisons, and television's role in the American home-individualism and community.Department of Anthropology
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Ho, Wai Kwan. "Gender and marriage : network integration and network restructuring of the newlyweds in Hong Kong." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2006. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/696.
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Starkey, Alicia Rochelle. "Relational Thriving in Context: Examining the Roles of Gratitude, Affectionate Touch, and Positive Affective Variability in Health and Well-Being." PDXScholar, 2019. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4806.
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Social connection is important to one's health and longevity. However, not only do people need others to survive, we need others to thrive. Researchers call for deeper examination of the functions and processes through which our social partners help us to prosper and thrive, such as through increased physical health and well-being. Over three studies, I examined phenomena theorized to contribute to long-term thriving including positive emotions (i.e., gratitude and positive affect fluctuation), responsive support, affectionate touch, and physical health (i.e., sleep) within the context of nursing work (Study 1) and military relationships (Study 2 & 3). Study 1 provides support for the benefits of received gratitude expressions, an understudied component of gratitude interactions. Specifically, nurses receiving more thanks within their work week were associated with feeling more satisfied with their patient care and in turn positive physical health outcomes including higher sleep quality, for example. Thus, not only is feeling grateful important to well-being but receiving thanks from others benefits one's physical health as well. Study 2 extended research describing the impact of the dynamic and fluctuating nature of emotion and physical health to close relationships by examining how positive affect variability (intra-individual standard deviation) and instability (differences between each successive day's mood) promotes or hinders intimacy. The second study found that greater fluctuations in positive affect over time were associated with greater reports of closeness within military couples. Recent research indicates that variability in positive and negative mood contributes to reduced psychological and physical well-being; however, when applied to the study of close relationships, Study 2 suggests that variation in positive mood may instead benefit military couples. Finally, Study 3 investigated the degree to which affectionate touch enhances the interrelationships among negative event support, gratitude, and sleep within Veterans and their partners over time. Results offer limited support; however, one key finding indicates that Veteran daily reports of affectionate touch were associated with increased sleep quality for their spouses. In addition, Veteran reports of affectionate touch strengthened the degree to which spouses' perceived responsive support predicted Veteran grateful mood. Study 3 supports research showing that positive interactions with one's partner, such as physical touch and responsive support, contribute to sleep and positive relationship maintenance emotions, such as gratitude. Taken together, these studies offer support for the integral role our social connections play in thriving, particularly within the contexts of nursing and military relationships.
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Podisi, Mpho Keletso. "The socio-economic aspects involved in compliance to antiretroviral therapy : Princess Marina Hospital, Gaborone." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01312006-111529.
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Wang, Clarissa Nicole, and 王允洵. "Key processes of family resilience in families with long-term liver cancer survivors in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42664548.
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Masters, Roxanne. "Veerkragtigheidskenmerke van gesinne met ’n adolessente middelmisbruiker." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/96113.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Families are often confronted with some type of crisis during their family life cycle, and the presence of an adolescent substance abuser in the family could result in a family crisis. Most studies focus on the negative implications of substance abuse (Flisher, Parry, Evans, Muller, & Lombard, 2003; Parry et al., 2004). More recently, however, researchers have begun to move away from the pathogenic approach to a more strengths-based approach. Therefore the aim of this study was to investigate which factors are associated with family resilience in families with an adolescent substance abuser. Given the complexity of resilience, the Resiliency Model of Family Stress, Adjustment and Adaptation (McCubbin & McCubbin, 1988) was operationalised in this study to identify which variables could be associated with family resilience. A combination of quantitative and qualitative methods were used to gather data from a convenience sample of 50 families drawn from the Western Cape, South Africa. In order to control for gender effects, mothers who had in their families an adolescent substance abuser were encouraged to represent their respective families. A biographical questionnaire and seven quantitative self-report questionnaires were completed by each participant. Pearson product-moment correlations were calculated for the quantitative data in order to determine which independent variables (family factors) were associated with the dependent variable (family adaptation). A best-subsets multiple regression analysis was done to determine the linear combination of family characteristics (indicators) that correlates maximally with family adaptation (outcome variable). Thematic analysis was used to identify patterns or themes within the qualitative data during the qualitative data analysis. The results indicate that the level of family adaptation is better the higher the supportive patterns of communication in the family unit; and that the level of family adaptation is lower the more negative communication patterns are present. The results also indicate that family hardiness, the degree to which families use problem-solving and behaviour strategies during crises, and the use and maintenance of different routines and activities facilitate family adaptation. The qualitative results indicate that spirituality or religion, support from extended family, friends or neighbours, clear positive family communication, maintaining hope and a positive outlook, and the acceptance of the adolescent as part of the family contribute the most to family adaptation. The findings of this study could be used to improve the understanding of qualities that help families to adapt, and interventions and services based on these results may provide a meaningful contribution in the adaptation of families who find themselves in similar situations. This study not only is important to broaden the current literature on family resilience in this development phase, but also to help fill the void in current research.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Dit gebeur gereeld dat gesinne gedurende een of ander ontwikkelingstadium met ʼn krisis gekonfronteer word. So sal die teenwoordigheid van ’n adolessente middelmisbruiker in ’n gesin op moontlike gesinskrisisse dui. Die meerderheid studies fokus op die negatiewe implikasies van middelmisbruik (Flisher, Parry, Evans, Muller, & Lombard, 2003; Parry et al., 2004). Navorsers het egter onlangs begin weg beweeg vanaf die patogeniese benadering na ’n meer sterkte-gebaseerde benadering. Die doel van hierdie studie was dus om ondersoek in te stel na faktore wat geassosieer kan word met gesinsaanpassing in gesinne met ʼn adolessente middelmisbruiker. Gegee die kompleksiteit van veerkragtigheid is die Veerkragtigheidsmodel van Gesinstres, Verstelling en Aanpassing (McCubbin & McCubbin, 1988) in hierdie studie geoperasionaliseer om veranderlikes te identifiseer wat met gesinsveerkragtigheid geassosieer kan word. ʼn Kombinasie van kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe metodes is gebruik om data vanuit ’n doelgerigte steekproef van 50 gesinne woonagtig in die Wes-Kaap, Suid-Afrika in te samel. Om vir die effek van geslag te kontroleer, is ma’s aangemoedig om namens die gesinne as verteenwoordigers aan die studie deel te neem. ʼn Biografiese vraelys en ook sewe selfbeskrywingsvraelyste is deur elke deelnemer voltooi. Vir die kwantitatiewe data is Pearson produkmoment-korrelasies bereken om te bepaal watter onafhanklike veranderlikes (gesinsfaktore) met die afhanklike veranderlike (gesinsaanpassing) verband hou. ʼn Beste substel regressieontleding is gedoen om die liniêre kombinasie van gesinskenmerke (voorspellers) wat maksimaal met gesinsaanpassing (uitkomsveranderlike) korreleer, te bepaal. Tematiese ontleding is in die kwalitatiewe data-ontleding gebruik om patrone of temas binne die kwalitatiewe data te identifiseer. Die resultate dui daarop dat die vlak van gesinsaanpassing beter is hoe hoër die ondersteunende patrone van kommunikasie in die gesinseenheid is; en dat die vlak van gesinsaanpassing laer is hoe meer opruiende patrone van kommunikasie in die gesin teenwoordig is. Verder dui die resultate ook aan dat gesinsgehardheid, die mate van probleemoplossings- en gedragstrategieë wat die gesin gedurende krisisse gebruik, en die gebruik en handhawing van verskillende roetines en aktiwiteite ook gesinsaanpassing fasiliteer. Die kwalitatiewe resultate dui daarop dat spiritualiteit of geloof, ondersteuning van die uitgebreide familie, vriende of bure, duidelike positiewe gesinskommunikasie, die behoud van hoop en ’n positiewe uitkyk, en aanvaarding van die adolessent as deel van die gesin die meeste tot gesinsaanpassing bygedra het. Die bevindinge kan nuttig gebruik word om begrip te verbeter van kwaliteite wat gesinne help om aan te pas. Intervensies en dienste wat op hierdie bevindinge gebaseer is, behoort ʼn betekenisvolle bydra te lewer in die aanpassing van gesinne wat hulle in soortgelyke omstandighede bevind. Die studie is nie net belangrik om die kennisbasis oor gesinslewe in hierdie ontwikkelingsfase te verbreed nie, maar ook om ʼn leemte in bestaande navorsing aan te vul.
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Yue, Sau-chun Judia, and 余秀珍. "A study of the parenting role of single fathers from a sociocultural perspective." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31977844.
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Lamb, David. "Transitioning into parenthood : family leisure and heterosexual couples in New Zealand." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2013. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/551.
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The key research question on which this study was based concerned the transition period from first time pregnancy through to first time parenthood for heterosexual couples in Christchurch, New Zealand. The particular focus on this study was on how this transition impacted upon access, opportunity and experiences of family leisure. As a result this study can claim to be longitudinal as it follows a number of couples from the stage of pregnancy into early parenthood. A number of subsidiary questions were developed to explore the different dimensions of the key research question in terms of: the impact of gender; the major constraints to couples‟ leisure; preparation, expectations and realities of parenthood; and perceptions and opinions on leisure facilities and programmes for families, from couples, and a number of providers employed as leisure managers, within the study area. To answer the key research question two focus group studies were undertaken, one with pre-birth couples and the other with post-birth couples, followed by a number of interviews with different pre-birth and post-birth couples, both individually and collectively. Interviews were also conducted with a number of leisure facility managers to ascertain the extent to which, the facility they managed provided for, and met the needs of, families in terms of leisure.
The findings from this study show that gender was important in explaining the nature and characteristics of men‟s and women‟s leisure. In terms of access and opportunity for leisure, women were more constrained than men, as the significant life event loomed and this became even more evident during the early stages of parenthood. In preparing for parenthood, couples used a range of strategies, which included reading parenting literature; watching instructional DVDs and videos on different aspects of parenting; talking with friends and family about parenting issues; attending antenatal class and reflection on their own experience of being parented. In addition, this study highlights that women undertook the primary role in parenting and men provided a supporting role and the majority of first-time parents described parenting as enjoyable and rewarding, but time pressured, challenging and stressful.
Couples reported that finding time for coupled leisure, solo leisure and other leisure such as time out with friends became more difficult during the latter stages of pregnancy, and was even more limited after their child was born. Much of their freetime was taken up with preparing for the birth of their child or in meeting the needs of their new born, with a discernible shift in their lifestyle, from an adult to a child centered focus.
The majority of couples described the range and choice of leisure facilities in Christchurch as adequate and most of them used leisure facilities that were local and easily accessible on foot or via public transport. Accessibility and affordability was important for couples and the most popular leisure facilities mentioned were local parks, libraries, swimming pools and walking tracks. Leisure managers‟ reported a number of constraints limiting their ability to provide opportunities for families and included, outdated management styles and philosophies that emphasized a facility oriented approach in meeting the needs of the „whole‟ community, rather than specific communities, such as families.
This research study follows a number of couples from the stage of pregnancy into early parenthood and provides new insights for first time parents through this transition. These transitions impact upon family leisure and other types of leisure such as solo leisure, coupled leisure and other leisure such as time out with friends for heterosexual couples. As a result of this study, a number of recommendations are provided to enhance and improve leisure provision for families. Also, a number of research priorities for family leisure research in the future are identified to encourage research using a wider range of methods.
Previous studies of family leisure have tended to focus their analysis across all stages of the lifecycle. Such studies have had little or no specific reference to particular lifecycle stages. In this study men‟s stories are told which helps fill the gap in the literature concerning men‟s experience of family leisure and the voices of those responsible for providing family leisure opportunities are heard in relation to family leisure. Finally, this study contributes to the family leisure literature and the parenting/family based literature and helps fill an important gap in our knowledge about the transition period between pregnancy and first time parenthood.
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Belfiore, Grace Mary. "Family strategies in Essex textile towns, 1860-1895 : the challenge of compulsory elementary schooling." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.670382.
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Tregeagle, Susan. "Harnessing information and communication technology for vulnerable children : the redevelopment of the Australian case management systems 'Looking After Children' and 'Supporting Children and Responding to Families'." Thesis, View thesis, 2009. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/44013.
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This thesis focuses on the redevelopment of two child welfare case management systems used in Australia: Looking After Children (LAC) and Supporting Children and Responding to Families (SCARF). LAC and SCARF are attempts to address the poor outcomes that are widely agreed to be experienced by children in ‘out of home care‘ or ‘in need‘ in their own families. These case management systems are significant attempts to change social work practice. They represent a shift from earlier modes of practice characterised by autonomous professional relationships to more standardised approaches to social work. They rely heavily on written text and open the opportunity to use information and communication technology (ICT) in child welfare services. A decade after their introduction, the local licensee of these case management systems sought to reassess the use of LAC and SCARF in Australia. This thesis is part of that process. It aims to address three issues: firstly, to investigate the experiences of children, young people and their families of case managed interventions; secondly, to see if recent developments in ICT could contribute to children‘s welfare if integrated into case management systems, and if so how; and thirdly, to examine how the answers to these questions could inform the future development of case management systems. I take a social constructionist approach to LAC and SCARF and the research questions and draw on Michel Foucault‘s theories of discourse and power/knowledge. I explore LAC and SCARF as texts that embody discourses of social work, management and childhood, and reflect tendencies towards ‘technologisation‘ and ‘democratisation‘ (Fairclough, 1992). I use social constructionist theories to explore the increased use of written text and ICT in child welfare. I identify these discourses by using Fairclough‘s text oriented discourse analysis (TODA) with three sets of texts: the relevant social work literature, the LAC and SCARF forms and transcripts of semi-structured interviews undertaken in a study with service users. The study undertaken for this thesis augmented the limited international and local research on service users experiences of case management systems, and, extended the scope of these studies to consider the neglected impact of technology in social work interventions. I undertook the design, implementation and interpretation of the study by considering the exercise of power in the research setting. The study was unique in that it explored the long-term use of case management systems in which service users were no longer dependent on welfare agencies. The 2 and others to subjugate service users voices. The study findings relate to the aims, planning process, power relations and technology of the case managed intervention. Service users were found to have a wide range of experiences. Many participants valued practical, social and emotional assistance and the development of insight. The findings indicated that trusting and reliable relationships between service users and social workers were possible. Service users, however, challenged the way in which poverty, extended family relations and childhood were understood and wanted more specialised assistance. They identified written text as creating barriers to their participation in interventions. They described the case management systems as failing to constrain their own, or workers‘, exercise of power. Technology was inevitably part of these child welfare interventions. The existing pen and paper-based systems were problematic. ICT was shown to have communication possibilities in child welfare interventions, and its greater use could potentially address the increasing social disadvantage of service users in the wider society. Although growth in the use of ICT appeared inevitable, however, methods employed aimed, as far as possible, to acknowledge and restrict the opportunity for myself
ICT was shown to have limited impact on social work aims and processes and may be problematic in child welfare. In addition, there were significant barriers to the immediate use of ICT, including limited availability, co-option by social workers and managers and poor understanding of ICT‘s impact on communication in social work practice. The findings of this study provide a basis for redevelopment of LAC and SCARF and the construction of social work knowledge. Service users could make an important contribution, and this study has identified areas in which social work knowledge could better reflect their experiences. This is particularly so as social workers are significantly divided over the aims and processes of intervention, and there is only limited debate about the effects on child welfare of societal -orders of discourse regarding childhood,‘democratisation‘ and ‘technologisation‘. Social workers interests need to be differentiated from those of service users, particularly in relation to the use of ICT. Future development of case management systems will be highly contested given the complex and socially significant discourses that they embody. Change will be constrained, but inevitable, and discourses must be monitored for their impact. Methods and opportunities must be found to involve service users in the redevelopment of case management systems. ICT will play an increasing role in social work practice, and will require ongoing assessment. This study provides a possible starting point for policy development focused on service users experiences.
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Holloway, Donell Joy. "Multiply-mediated households : Space and power reflected in everyday media use." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2003. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1314.
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This study investigates how contemporary Australian families incorporate the consumption of multiple media technologies within their home environments. It uses an approach similar to David Morley's (1986) Family Television where he explored the consumption of television programs in the context of everyday family life. He viewed the household (or family) as the key to constructing understandings of the television audience; where there were gendered regimes of watching, and where program choice often reflected existing power relationships in the home. However since then (a time when most families had only one television set) the media environment of many homes has changed. The addition of multiple television sets, along with newer digital technologies such as computers and game consoles, has introduced a new dynamics of social space within the household. Therefore, the family living room, with its erstwhile shared television culture, has become a less critical site of domestic media consumption. With the migration of television sets and new digital technologies to other spaces in the home, claims over time and space have become even more intimately involved with the domestic use of media technologies. Consequently, this study critically analyses the relationship between media consumption and the geographical spaces and boundaries within the home. Drawing upon interviews with all family members, this thesis argues that the incorporation of multiple media technologies in many households has coincided with significant changes to the spatial geography of these homes, along with a rearticulation of gendered and generational power relationships. Extra media spaces in bedrooms, hallways, home offices and 'nooks’ have freed up the lounge room, possibly allowing for more harmony and accord within the family, but also reducing the amount of time the family spends together. At the same time the newer media spaces become additional sites for gendered and generational conflict and tension. This study uses an audience ethnography approach to explore and analyse media consumption at the micro level, that of the individual within the household/family. Twenty-three in-depth conversational interviews and observations of children and adults living in six technologically rich households in suburban and regional areas of Western Australia formed the basis of this thesis. Themes and issues that emerged from this qualitative research process include the gendered nature of screens in children's bedrooms, the extent to which a media-rich bedroom culture is evident in Australia, the existence of a masculine gadgeteer culture within some families in the study, the social construction of gaming as a gendered (boy) culture, gendered pathways on the Internet and the reintegration of adult acknowledge-based work into the family home. The thesis also addresses digital divide issues relating to inequities in access, technical and social support, motivation and the quality of new digital technologies available in the home.
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Da, Wei Wei. "Migrants from the People's Republic of China to Australia : a study of family practices." Phd thesis, Faculty of Education, School of Social, Policy and Curriculum Studies, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/9456.
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Since the late 1970s, dramatic social changes in the People's Republic of China have led to a sudden emigration of Chinese from China to Australia. Given the obvious social and cultural differences between the two societies, what has been the impact of this cross-country migration upon the migrants' family lives in their new country of residence? How do they cope with the changing social context? Are there patterns within their family practices which are distinctive from those of the mainstream society? This study has examined family practices through in-depth interviews of 40 Chinese migrants who immigrated to Australia in the past two decades. The study is intended to be broadly contextualized and historical in scope. Hence, overviews of family traditions, culture and contemporary changes in both the home and host countries are elaborated. An analysis of the informants' motivations for migration and perceptions of the host society are also examined in significant detail, as the respondents' motivations and perceptions have implications for the ways they have chosen to reorganize their lives in a new country. Family life including marriage, attitudes towards sexuality, child rearing and the division of labour at home were probed among this sample within broad frameworks utilizing scholarly perspectives of immigration, ethnoculture and gender relations.
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Lurie, Liane Natalie. "The politics of memory: the role of the children of Holocaust survivors." Diss., 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1695.
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The Holocaust represented humanities first confrontation with unparalleled destruction and evil unchecked. It continues to impact upon the lives of survivors, their children- the second generation- and generations thereafter. The study aimed to provide the second generation with a voice. Their roles within their respective family systems and the impact of the Holocaust upon them are explored.
The theoretical framework is social constructionism. One-on-one in-depth interviews were conducted with three adults whose parent/s are survivors. The manner of analysis was `Hermeneutic.'
The participants' narratives took the form of interview transcripts. These were analysed and themed by the researcher. Themes that repeated themselves were elaborated upon and later linked with the available literature.
The researcher hopes that the dissertation will contribute to existing research on the multigenerational effects of trauma in relation to familial and individual roles and memory.Psychology
M. A. (Clinical Psychology)
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Stein, Heiko Carsten. "Erben des Schweigens : Studie zu Aspekten transgenerationaler Weitergabe von Traumata in der Familiengeschichte von deutschen Vertriebenen nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg." Diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25122.
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Text in German, summaries in German and EnglishIncludes bibliographical references (leaves 190-197)
In dieser Forschungsarbeit wird untersucht, ob und inwieweit transgenerationale Übertragungsprozesse als Folge von psychischen Traumata, welche Vertriebene in und nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg erlebten, heute noch bei Nachfahren in der Kriegsenkelgeneration eine Rolle spielen. Dabei wird unter anderem untersucht, wie sich das Ereignis der Vertreibung mit Blick auf psychische Traumata konkret auswirkte und zu welchen, auch heute noch spürbaren, Symptomen es geführt hat. Auf Grund der Symptome wurden in einer empirischen Untersuchung fünf sogenannte Kriegsenkel interviewt, um zu erfahren, wie Betroffene die Auswirkungen dieser Symptome im Alltag beschreiben und welche Rolle dabei geistliche Erfahrungen spielen. Die Ergebnisse dieser Interviews führen zum Abgleich der Thesen und sollen schlussendlich helfen, praktische Konsequenzen für die Seelsorgearbeit zu ziehen und eine Hilfestellung in der Problemdiagnose zu geben.
This thesis explores if and how transgenerational transfer processes which are a consequence of mental traumata of displaced people in and after World War II still play a role in the lives of their descendants in the generation of the “grandchildren of war”. For one thing it looks at how the event of forced displacement specifically has had an impact on mental traumata and which symptoms have resulted, that are still perceptible today. Based on the symptoms five of the so called “grandchildren of war” have been interviewed in an empirical survey, in order to find out how those affected describe the effects of these symptoms on their everyday lives and which is the role of spiritual experiences. The findings of these interviews are compared to the theses and finally, should help to draw practical conclusions for councelling and offer help to diagnose problems.
Practical Theology
M. Th. (Practical Theology)