Journal articles on the topic 'Families – Economic aspects – Guatemala'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Families – Economic aspects – Guatemala.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Families – Economic aspects – Guatemala.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Corzo, Amilcar, Idida M. Figueroa, and Deysi L. Rodríguez. "Beneficios socioeconómicos de las familias que pertenecen a las concesiones forestales comunitarias en Petén, GuatemalaSocio-economic benefits of families belonging to community forestry concessions in Petén, Guatemala." Ciencias Sociales y Humanidades 4, no. 2 (June 14, 2018): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.36829/63chs.v4i2.535.
Full textAbstract:
Las concesiones forestales comunitarias creadas en la década de 1990 son una estrategia de conservación en la Reserva de la Biósfera Maya. La evidencia de monitoreo de la cobertura boscosa indica un impacto positivo en la conservación de los bosques. Para identificar si el impacto positivo también se refleja en el bienestar socioeconómico de los concesionarios, se hizo un estudio con 1229 hogares de miembros concesionarios y un grupo de comparación no concesionario. El estudio analiza el impacto socioeconómico a nivel de hogar de la pertenencia a los grupos concesionarios en comparación con grupos sin concesión. La evidencia indica que si bien el efecto no es muy grande los grupos que pertenecen a las concesiones tienen mayor ingreso, mejores condiciones de hogar, acceso a servicios de salud, mayor acceso a educación y percepciones sobre los recursos naturales y su conservación más afines a la teoría conservacionista. Pese a que hay diferencias socioeconómicas a favor de las concesiones, el acceso a esos beneficios es menor en las concesiones que se encuentran dentro de la Reserva que en los grupos concesionarios urbanos viviendo fuera de ella. Si se desea garantizar los beneficios de las concesiones,es necesario no solo focalizarse en el aspecto forestal, sino también mejorar los procesos sociales, económicos y administrativos.
2
Becker, Marshall Joseph. "A CLASSIC-PERIODBARRIOPRODUCING FINE POLYCHROME CERAMICS AT TIKAL, GUATEMALA: Notes on ancient Maya firing technology." Ancient Mesoamerica 14, no. 1 (January 2003): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0956536103141053.
Full textAbstract:
Significant indirect evidence suggests that one of the Classic-period residential groups at Tikal was the residence of a family of potters who produced high-quality painted wares. Delineation of the borders of residential Group 4H-1 at Tikal led me to postulate that thebajowas a major resource zone for ceramic manufacturing rather than a spatially limiting feature. This family of upscale ceramic producers used the adjacentbajoas a source of clay and fuel for firing pottery. The configuration of other groups near Group 4H-1 suggests not only that the people occupying the several groups on this peninsula were related, but that they were all involved in the production, painting, and distribution of fine ceramics. These several residential groups, located on adjacent house lots, define abarriowithin Tikal whose occupants formed an extended kin unit sharing an economic focus on the production of high-quality ceramics. A consideration of the contents of trash deposits that were used by the Maya for building fill and a study of the middens found adjacent to residential groups at Tikal provide clues to the location of a specific kiln, or firing area. Broken pottery in the structure fill tells us more than architectural history. In this example, pottery indicates how other aspects of one or more house lots were organized and used. In particular, these data suggest that abarrio-like cluster of households at Tikal, with its own ritual center (Group 5G-I), housed families of ceramic producers who had specifically located their residences in direct proximity to thebajo. The search for the firing facilities associated with the production of ceramics in Group 4H-1 is now a major research focus. “Kilns,” or firing facilities, should be among the various architectural features found “out back,” or located on the margins of a house lot. Kilns may have been of the trench type or free-standing small buildings, possibly within sheds, and are expected outside the perimeter formed by the main buildings of the residential group. The structures facing a plaza or series of plazas that are the most obvious elements of a single household tend to attract archaeological attention. Location of structures “out back,” or peripheral to the residential core buildings, could help define the configuration of household lots.
3
Garðarsdóttir, Hólmfríður. "Ante la indiferencia: Representaciones visuales que reafirman cómo la decepción utópica se vuelve distópica." Bergen Language and Linguistics Studies 10, no. 1 (November 14, 2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.15845/bells.v10i1.1449.
Full textAbstract:
Faced with indifference: Visual representations that endorse utopian expectations turning dystopic.
Every year, in an attempt to reach the United States, hundreds of thousands of undocumented migrants from Central America cross Mexico atop freight trains that are referred to by names such as “The Beast” or “The Train of Death.” Driven by extreme economic conditions, civil unrest and violence in their home countries, and, in some cases, the desire to reunite with relatives already living in the United States, adult individuals, families, and even unaccompanied children and adolescents embark on this perilous journey. In doing so, they risk falling victim to abuse, extortion, sexual assault, and other forms of violence at the hands of brutal gangs, organized crime, and corrupt officials. Many lose their lives.
This study examines various aspects of the passage of undocumented Central American migrants through Mexico, viewing the situation from the perspective of human rights violations and social exclusion. It addresses the specifics and realities of the migrants’ dangerous journey north, and reviews the main factors that lead these people, who are mostly from El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras, to leave their home countries in search of better conditions and a chance to live what they regard as the American Dream.
The experiences of Central American migrants have been the subject of several documentary films which provide both a narrative and visual representation of the journey north through Mexico. This study will analyze a series of documentaries as well as the feature films Sin nombre (2009) y La jaula de oro (2013) and consider whether the films accurately illustrate the harsh realities that undocumented migrants face while attempting to reach the United States and the extent to which they provide insight into their lives and experiences.
4
Erickson, Lora Lee, and Viviane Pecanha. "Young Emancipated Women in Guatemala." International Perspectives in Psychology 11, no. 1 (January 2022): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2157-3891/a000013.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract. Social support is an important factor influencing the development of resilience across cultures and contexts. In this study, we explored the experiences of social support to the development of resilience among young Guatemalan women who were emancipated from system-based care. The study included 12 participants with an average age of 21 years who resided in the San Lucas Guatemala region. Thematic coding revealed the necessity of relational social support. Subthemes included social support identified and experienced through unconditional love, religiosity, and interpersonal relationships expressed within the realm of Guatemalan cultural values. Opportunities for social support varied considerably and were dependent upon the individual's ecological systems as well as the organizational and individual resources related to staffing and economic funds of the orphanages and group homes. Socioeconomic burdens are consistently present in Guatemala due to the marked inequality of wealth distribution. The disparities were greater among those facing significant life changes such as early separation from families of origin and those with access to fewer resources. This study demonstrates that social support serves as a strong protective factor in resiliency development, mitigating many of the risks present for Guatemalan women in their daily lives, workplaces, families, and communities.
5
De Pernillo, M., S. Rivas, L. Fuentes, F. Antillon, and R. D. Barr. "Measurement of socio-economic status in families of children with cancer in Guatemala." Pediatric Blood & Cancer 61, no. 11 (April 19, 2014): 2071–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pbc.25060.
Full text
6
Kotenyatkina, Irina B., Anastasia A. Borzenkova, and Maria Radovich. "Some of the Aspects of Bilingual Education in Modern Guatemala." Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices 16, no. 2 (December 15, 2019): 204–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2618-897x-2019-16-2-204-213.
Full textAbstract:
The present article demonstrates the development of the concept of bilingual education in Guatemala, caused by the transition to a new type of society: the knowledge society, where the education is considered as the main principle of economic growth. The special attention is paid to the specific needs of indigenous children from the linguistic and cultural points of view, as well as to the fact that the languages spoken by the local population are not being used as a tool during the teaching process. The article points out that the intercultural communication, as a primary principle of bilingual education, allows to overcome difficult sociolingustic conditions and favours the processes of the personality formation, while offering the possibilities of shaping individuals having both Spanish and indigenous languages and cultures as a basis.
7
Pineo, Ronn. "Immigration Crisis: The United States Under President Donald J. Trump." Journal of Developing Societies 36, no. 1 (January 30, 2020): 7–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0169796x19896905.
Full textAbstract:
Rising crime, homicide, economic despair, infant mortality. The common narrative of the situation in the Northern Triangle nations of Central America, Guatemala, Honduras, and El Salvador, points to these grim circumstances to explain the exodus of families leaving for America. But it is not the case that conditions have worsened there in recent years; the best available data show improvement in many socioeconomic measures. This article draws upon the best sources from the Northern Triangle, Mexico, US, and international organizations. Socioeconomic studies and analysis by universities, policy groups, and government agencies from the region provide details on the day-to-day experiences of ordinary people, the realities of poverty, crime, and violence. The conclusions from these studies do not always match common suppositions. Homicides are down, but El Salvador and Honduras remain two of the most dangerous countries in the world. In the Northern Triangle, economic growth has been above the regional average, while the percentage of families living in poverty in Guatemala is actually increasing as income distribution worsens. More Central American families are migrating to the USA than ever before, but far fewer total immigrants are coming to America as the immigration from Mexico has declined. This article concludes with policy recommendations. Since the US economy is creating more jobs than entrants into the workforce. US immigration policies should be adjusted to match economic needs and must be changed to reflect its highest humanitarian values.
8
Lane, Ginny, Karla Cordon, Michele Monroy-Valle, Hassan Vatanparast, and Silvia Xinico. "Intergenerational Food Insecurity, Underlying Factors, and Opportunities for Intervention in Momostenango, Guatemala." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (June 2022): 588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac060.046.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objectives Identify the impacts of climate changes on food production, community food security and household food security in rural Momostenango, Guatemala. Methods Cross sectional mixed methods study involving in-depth interviews with 12 agricultural group leaders in six communities and surveys with 55 mothers in 13 distinct communities. Food secure and food insecure households were compared using chi squared tests. Results Key informant interview themes were subsistence agriculture; commercial production; climate, capital, market, and capacity challenges; and sustainable opportunities. Eighty-five % of interviewed households were food insecure. The vast majority of households (93%) were engaged in agriculture, with food secure families working their own or leased land, while food insecure families worked their own land in addition to engaging in day labor. During seasonal periods of food scarcity, families reported altering food use, reducing expenses, and generating funds. Severely food insecure families were significantly more likely to reduce portion sizes (72%), while food secure families only ate less preferred foods. Reduced intake of beans - a primary protein source - was only reported by some severely food insecure households (22%). Overall, food insecure households are characterized by being larger, having an older mother with less education due to economic restraints during childhood, and deriving most family income from agricultural day labor. Community members indicated interest in establishing small-scale home-based interventions such as hen and egg operations and trying high protein or climate-adapted corn to enhance food security. Conclusions Severely food insecure families consumed a less diverse diet, smaller portions, and reduced bean intake (key protein source) during periods of food scarcity; while moderately food insecure families consumed a less diverse diet and smaller portions; and food secure families only ate less preferred foods. Food insecurity in rural Guatemala is a long-term structural phenomenon associated with limited family resources that reproduces itself in subsequent generations. Funding Sources Queen Elizabeth Scholars through Universities Canada.
9
Clegg, E. J. "Aspects of Fertility in Suva, Fiji." Journal of Biosocial Science 20, no. 3 (July 1988): 295–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021932000006635.
Full textAbstract:
SummaryRecent changes in vital rates in Fiji suggest that the Melanesian (MF) component of the population is growing faster than the Indian (IF) component, thus reversing a long-standing demographic trend.Patterns of family building were studied in the respondent families of 302 MF and 324 IF children at school in the capital, Suva. Melanesian families were larger than IF families, even when corrected for differences in maternal age and social class. Particularly among IF families, there was a significant effect of social class on family size, higher status families having fewer children. Among all groups there was evidence of a secular trend to earlier childbearing and, less clearly, to an earlier cessation of childbearing. Among both races age-specific fertility levels were similar in younger age-groups, but older IF mothers showed significantly lower fertility.It is suggested that among IF families, who form a more urbanized and commercially/industrially oriented segment of the Fijian population, two factors may account for the reduction in fertility: (i) pressure to limit population growth in the interests of racial harmony; and (ii) economic pressure resulting in a demographic transition. The latter suggestion is supported by the fact that the greatest decrease in fertility occurs among high status families. Among MFs the reduction in fertility has been less, due probably to the absence of a ‘racial harmony’ incentive and also to a lesser economic stimulus.
10
Engle, Patrice L., Suzan L. Carmichael, Kathleen Gorman, and Ernesto Pollitt. "Demographic and Socio-Economic Changes in Families in Four Guatemalan Villages, 1967–1987." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 14, no. 3 (September 1992): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/156482659201400305.
Full textAbstract:
The Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP) carried out a longitudinal study of the effects of nutritional improvements on growth and development in early childhood in four villages in eastern Guatemala, 1969–1977, with a preparatory survey in 1967 and a follow-up study of the participants in 19881989. This paper examines differences among the four villages in education, occupation, quality of housing, and demographic profiles over a 20-year period, focusing on comparisons between the two villages that received a high-energy, high-protein supplement and the two that received a low-energy supplement at two different times: before the initial longitudinal study and before the follow-up study. The results suggest gradual improvement in all the villages on a number of indicators. However, the two pairs of village were not comparable on all measures; of particular concern for the interpretation of effects on cognitive development are differences in education.
11
Eremeeva, Ekaterina Alexandrovna, Natalia Vasilievna Volkova, and Tatiana Viktorovna Khalilova. "Providing Young Families With Housing in Russia: Financial, Economical, Administrative, and Regulatory Aspects." International Journal of Financial Research 12, no. 1 (December 25, 2020): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/ijfr.v12n1p123.
Full textAbstract:
This article considers methods of state support of young families in Russia and Russian regions. In current socio-economic conditions, young families' support can be viewed as a useful course of state policy. Providing housing to young families allows young adults not only to solve their social, economic, and psychological issues but also creates a background for young families for active participation in societal, economic development, and demographic state policy. Logics of the research is based on that young family support is executed in Russia on federal and regional management levels as part of youth and housing policy. In the article, regulatory, administrative, and financial aspects have been reviewed as in the frame of youth and housing policies. During their studies, methods were used, such as comparison study, compilatory analysis of documents, software, and analysis and evaluation of financial and statistical data based on algebraic calculations. Judging on the results of the study conclusion was carried out on how well young families support is organised on federal and regional levels, how effective were the measures taken for society. In conclusion, suggestions were made on how to better young families' support when acquiring housing. Their usage will allow to structure of young families' aid, make it more expedient and of current interest.
12
Carte, Lindsey, Birgit Schmook, Claudia Radel, and Richard Johnson. "The Slow Displacement of Smallholder Farming Families: Land, Hunger, and Labor Migration in Nicaragua and Guatemala." Land 8, no. 6 (June 3, 2019): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land8060089.
Full textAbstract:
Smallholders worldwide continue to experience processes of displacement from their lands under neoliberal political-economic governance. This displacement is often experienced as “slow”, driven by decades of agricultural policies and land governance regimes that favor input-intensive agricultural and natural resource extraction and export projects at the expense of traditional agrarian practices, markets, and producers. Smallholders struggle to remain viable in the face of these forces, yet they often experience hunger. To persist on the land, often on small parcels, families supplement and finance farm production with family members engaging in labor migration, a form of displacement. Outcomes, however, are uneven and reflect differences in migration processes as well as national and local political economic processes around land. To demonstrate “slow displacement”, we assess the prolonged confluence of land access, hunger, and labor migration that undermine smallholder viability in two separate research sites in Nicaragua and Guatemala. We draw on evidence from in-depth interviews and focus groups carried out from 2013 to 2015, together with a survey of 317 households, to demonstrate how smallholders use international labor migration to address persistent hunger, with the two cases illuminating the centrality of underlying land distribution questions in labor migration from rural spaces of Central America. We argue that smallholder farming family migration has a dual nature: migration is at once evidence of displacement, as well as a strategy for families to prolong remaining on the land in order to produce food.
13
Graetz, Dylan E., Silvia Elena Rivas, Huiqi Wang, Yuvanesh Vedaraju, Meenakshi Devidas, Ana Lucia Fuentes, Annie Caceres-Serrano, et al. "Pediatric cancer communication in Guatemala." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e18508-e18508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e18508.
Full textAbstract:
e18508 Background: Effective diagnostic communication is a cornerstone of cancer care. While > 90% of children with cancer live in low- and middle-income countries, little is known about patients’ and families’ communication priorities and experiences. We examined parent priorities for communication and the quality of information-exchange and decision-making during diagnostic communication in Guatemala. Methods: This study was conducted at Unidad Nacional de Oncologia Pediatrica. A cross-sectional survey was verbally administered in Spanish to 100 parents of children with cancer within 8 weeks of diagnosis. The survey included items utilized in pediatric communication studies from high-income countries and novel questions developed specifically for the study population. Results: Guatemalan parents prioritized communication functions including information exchange (99%), fostering healing relationships (98%), decision-making (97%), enabling self-management (96%) and managing uncertainty (94%) over functions such as responding to emotions (66%) and cultural awareness (48%). Almost all Guatemalan parents (96%) wanted as many details as possible about their child’s cancer. However, only 67% reported that they were always given the information they needed without asking for it, and most said they sometimes (56%) or always (18%) had questions they wanted to discuss with the doctor but did not. Half of parents (54%) correctly identified their child’s diagnosis, primary site, extent of disease (localized versus metastatic), length of proposed treatment, and treatment intent (curative versus palliative). Parents of children diagnosed with leukemia were more likely to understand all pieces of information than those whose children had solid tumors (p < 0.001). Most parents (76%) preferred to share in decision-making with oncologists. Two-thirds of parents (65%) held their preferred role in decision-making, with fathers more likely to hold their preferred role than mothers (p = 0.02). Reflecting on decisions they had made, 94% of parents strongly agreed they had made the right decisions. However, 17% of parents endorsed feeling that their choices had caused their children harm. Conclusions: Similar to findings from the United States, parents in Guatemala prioritize many aspects of diagnostic communication, especially information exchange, development of healing relationships, and decision-making. Nonetheless, many parents report challenges in information exchange and decision-making, suggesting a need for interventions to support communication processes.
14
Grech, Shaun. "Disabled Families: The Impacts of Disability and Care on Family Labour and Poverty in Rural Guatemala." Societies 9, no. 4 (November 8, 2019): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc9040076.
Full textAbstract:
An increasing body of literature has started to look at how disability impacts and shifts poverty in the global South in and through a range of areas, including health, education, and livelihoods. However, much of this research is limited to disabled individuals, while qualitative research focusing on and articulating the circumstances, needs and demands of rural families remains scarce, especially research focusing on Latin America. This paper reports on a qualitative study looking at how disability affects family labouring patterns in rural Guatemala, with a special focus on women carers of people with acquired physical impairments, in the bid to contribute to a more inclusive understanding of the disability and poverty relationship and its gendered dimensions. Findings highlight how in rural communities already living in dire poverty, the fragmentation of labour input of the disabled person, costs (notably health care) and intensified collective poverty, push fragile families with no safety nets into a set of dynamic responses in the bid to ensure survival of the family unit. These include harder and longer work patterns, interruption of paid labour, and/or induction into exploitative and perilous labour, not only for women, but also children. These responses are erosive and have severe personal, social, cultural and economic consequences, strengthening a deep, multidimensional, chronic and intergenerational impoverishment, transforming these families into ‘disabled families’, among the poorest of the poor. This paper concludes that research, policy and services need to move beyond the disabled individual to understand and address the needs and demands of whole families, notably women, and safeguard their livelihoods, because ultimately, these are the units that singlehandedly care for and ensure the well-being and survival of disabled people. It is also within these units that disability is constructed, shaped, and can ultimately be understood.
15
Zelinskaya, Dina I., R. N. Terletskaya, and S. A. Rozhkovskaya. "Medico-social aspects of health of children in large families." Russian Pediatric Journal 19, no. 6 (April 30, 2019): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/1560-9561-2016-19-6-361-366.
Full textAbstract:
The prevalence rate of large families in Russia has distinct regional character. So, a number of the subjects referred to the North Caucasus Federal Okrug are characterized by traditionally high level of a possession of many children. Such families distinguish from other categories of families on all socio-economic indices of the life quality and differ in both the maximum risk and degree ofpoverty. The share of the families having three and more children among needy households with children for the last decade has increased. Questions in the sphere of legislative and practical providing the rights and interests of members of large families which are regarded as insufficiently effective are discussed. Small number of studies devoted to the state of health, the organization of medical care and medico-social escort of children from large families was noted. There were sufficiently studied psychological and pedagogical aspects of this problem. Children of various age groups from large families were established to retard on all quantitative and qualitative indices of the physical development, differ in lower level of health and bigger prevalence of disability. There was substantiated the need for the elaboration of system of medico-social escort of the children who are brought up in large families as a real opportunity in modern conditions to influence on the shaping of health and its level for this category of the children’s population of Russia.
16
Kochan, Izabela. "The effects of economic migration of Poles for functioning of the family-selected aspects." Studia z Teorii Wychowania X, no. 3 (28) (November 30, 2019): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.6778.
Full textAbstract:
About one billion people around the world move abroad or outside their birthplace seeking better earning possibilities. Economic migration has been accepted by many families as a strategy aiming improvement of their functioning. In a long-term prospect it affects the family’s well-being among others through investing in education and health. The mobility of one or several family members colours the leaving and those who remain at home both in positive and negative way depending individual conditions. Although postal orders are potentially an important way to mitigate the limits of the family budget, the weakest family members who need attention, repeatedly bear high cost of migration decisions. The individualistic effect of the economic migration of the Poles for functioning of their families is migrational orpanhood of the children and older people which is the main theme of intellectualizing in the present article. Special attention should be drawn to people in grand old age whose proportion in our country is still rising. In the context of relevant issues, it is necessary to take steps aiming to mitigate the costs of migration born by families, offering support recouping the losses coming from the mobility.
17
Buttari, Juan J. "Economic Policy Reform in Four Central American Countries: Patterns and Lessons Learned." Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs 34, no. 1 (1992): 179–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/166153.
Full textAbstract:
This Article Surveys the experiences of four Central American countries in implementing economic policy reform: it analyzes the factors which led to the introduction of new policies, explores various aspects in their implementation, assesses lessons learned in the process, and discusses prospects for the future.The Four Countries under discussion — Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras — are experiencing a move away from import-substitution policies of the past toward increased liberalization of their economies and becoming more competitive in the international marketplace. This shift in policy orientation began in the 1980s, after years of economic decline. At the risk of appearing arbitrary, the policy-shift years are here defined as those which followed an actual, or announced, change to an economic policy with a predominant market orientation.
18
Discua Cruz, Allan, Leonardo Centeno Caffarena, and Marcos Vega Solano. "Being different matters! A closer look into product differentiation in specialty coffee family farms in Central America." Cross Cultural & Strategic Management 27, no. 2 (February 28, 2020): 165–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ccsm-01-2019-0004.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeThere is a growing interest in understanding the strategic behaviour of family firms producing international commodities such as coffee, particularly in contexts where decisions about what products to sell, where to commercialise them and how to promote them appear to be highly based on both business and family aspects. The purpose of this paper is to explore product differentiation strategies in family firms in the specialty coffee industry across Latin American countries. Whilst the socioeconomic relevance of coffee production in Central America is unequivocal, the approach and rationale of families that engage in specialty coffee production remain underexplored.Design/methodology/approachThis study examines product differentiation in specialty coffee family farms across countries in Central America: Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua. The study relies on in-depth interviews, case studies and an interpretative approach to unpick the dynamics of product differentiation by families in business dedicated to producing specialty coffee.FindingsThe findings show that product differentiation in specialty coffee family farms is influenced by both business and family aspects and driven by entrepreneurial stewards. Coffee-farming families can engage in product differentiation through a shared vision, a combination of traditional and specialised knowledge, and through the continuous development of an exchange network. The findings reveal a connection between families in business balancing family and business interests, and the strategic intention to build up their assets entrepreneurially over time.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the literature on stewardship and strategic behaviour in family firms when families in business engage in differentiating their products in a highly competitive industry. More specifically, this study focuses on companies across countries where coffee is of crucial socioeconomic importance, and where the said companies are owned and managed by families. The study expands understanding of product differentiation in family-enterprise-first businesses and suggests that the family elements in differentiation can be explained through an entrepreneurial stewardship perspective.
19
Edsanty, Ghea, and Jalius Jalius. "Empowerment Of Family Welfare (PKK) In Gender-Based Families Economic Empowerment In Rao District." SPEKTRUM: Jurnal Pendidikan Luar Sekolah (PLS) 10, no. 2 (May 30, 2022): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/spektrumpls.v10i2.115778.
Full textAbstract:
This research is motivated by the success of the community in Rao District in making sinhok fish into processed sinhok fish chips so that this skill can support the family economy and improve the community's economy. The aim of this research is to describe the role of empowering family welfare in gender-based family economic empowerment which is seen from the aspect of capital assistance, aspects of infrastructure development assistance, and aspects of mentoring assistance.The research approach is qualitative while the type is a case study. Sources of data used are women in Rao sub-district as research subjects and instructors and local residents as research informants. Data collection techniques used are interviews, observation and documentation. Data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Source triangulation is used as a data validity technique.The results of this study indicate that the empowerment of family welfare skills in processing Sinhok fish into Sinhok fish chips is very good, this can be noted from: (1) Aspects of capital assistance, the results show that gender-based family welfare empowerment of Sinhok fish processing into Sinhok fish chips is seen to increase knowledge the community about processing sinhok fish into delicious preparations. (2) Aspects of infrastructure development assistance obtained results that the processing of Sinhok fish already has the support of good facilities and infrastructure. (3) Aspects of assistance assistance obtained from gender-based family empowerment in processing sinhok fish into sinhok fish chips can be seen from the assistance and monitoring carried out by PKK members who are tasked with accommodating and facilitating the smooth production of sinhok fish chips.Keywords: Elderly Empowerment, Processing of Sinhok Fish Chips, Rao District
20
Marzec, Arkadiusz. "Transitions and Threats to Family from the Standpoint of People in Their Thirties." Pedagogika Rodziny 5, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 103–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fampe-2015-0022.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The aim of this study is to present certain aspects connected with transformation of contemporary Polish families and to indicate threats to performing their functions. Systematic, economic, social and cultural transformations have influenced lives of people and families and new opportunities emerged to improve standards of living, change attitudes and lifestyles. Contemporary families are characterized by varied structure and dominance of non-productive families formed primarily on non-economic grounds, which control and plan birth of children. However, families are facing a number of challenges and threats that affect performing the basic family functions. High unemployment rate, poverty, violence and addictions are only part of the phenomena that negatively affect quality of living of Polish families. This study presents opinions of young people about transitions and threats concerning family functions.
21
Xu, Huang, Zhang, and Chen. "Family Economic Burden of Elderly Chronic Diseases: Evidence from China." Healthcare 7, no. 3 (August 21, 2019): 99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare7030099.
Full textAbstract:
Chronic diseases among the elderly and their huge economic burden on family have caught much attention from economists and sociologists over the past decade in China. This study measured the economic burden of elderly chronic disease (ECD) in families using the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) data set from Peking University (China). We studied some aspects of this burden, including health-service utilization, out-of-pocket expenditure on inpatient and outpatient, total family expenditures on items, and labor force participation rates of family members, etc. Some interesting things were found, for example, the additional annual expenditure on inpatient care (per member) in ECD-families was 37 to 45 percent of the annual expenditure in the control group; the labor-force participation rate in ECD-families was 2.4 to 3.3 percent of points lower than in the control group.
22
Ogorenko, Viktoriia, Olha Hnenna, and Viktor Kokashynskyi. "Social, psychological and clinical aspects of domestic violence (literature review)." Ukrains'kyi Visnyk Psykhonevrolohii, Volume 29, issue 1 (106) (March 1, 2021): 48–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.36927/2079-0325-v29-is1-2021-9.
Full textAbstract:
The article considered the social, psychological and clinical aspects of domestic violence. Analyzed the main types of violent behavior (economic, psychological, physical, sexual) and the components of the causes of cruel behavior in the family: aggressive behavior, violence, violent behavior. The results of sociological research are presented, the prevalence, causes, aims and types of this phenomenon in Ukraine and in the world are determined. The sociological and cultural concepts of the features of the spread of the phenomenon of violence in families are considered. The stages of the formation of violent behavior in families are analyzed. The features of neurotic disorders and their prevalence among people who have experienced domestic violence are considered.
23
Iannazzo, Sergio. "The health-economic models: practical aspects and management of uncertainty." Farmeconomia. Health economics and therapeutic pathways 7, no. 4 (January 15, 2006): 239–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7175/fe.v7i4.258.
Full textAbstract:
Analytic models are a powerful instrument to develop pharmacoeconomic analyses and their importance is growing as they are being increasingly used to make predictions of the consequences of a particular intervention. It is possible to group the most commonly used techniques in three families: decision trees, Markov chains and probabilistic simulation models. Only the last ones take into account a wide range of uncertainties and have the capability to make probabilistic predictions. Discrete-state, discrete-time Markov models are the most used technique, but have some limits due to their structural rigidity that can make appropriate representation of clinical reality difficult. First-order simulation of Markov models produces deterministic results and can be conveniently implemented in a matrix algebra formal framework. In order to take decision based on models prediction deterministic results are not sufficient and it is widely recognized the need to handle uncertainty in its various forms. The task could be accomplished with traditional (deterministic) and/or probabilistic sensitivity analysis. Both analyses provide complementary information on how the parameters and assumptions uncertainty spreads trough the model and are recommended by ISPOR (International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research) modelling guidelines.
24
Graetz, Dylan E., Silvia Elena Rivas, Huiqi Wang, Yuvanesh Vedaraju, Ana Lucia Fuentes, Annie Caceres-Serrano, Federico Antillon-Klussmann, et al. "Communication Priorities and Experiences of Caregivers of Children With Cancer in Guatemala." JCO Global Oncology, no. 7 (September 2021): 1529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/go.21.00232.
Full textAbstract:
PURPOSE Although > 90% of children with cancer live in low- and middle-income countries, little is known about communication priorities and experiences of families in these settings. We examined communication priorities and the quality of information exchange for Guatemalan caregivers of children with cancer during diagnostic communication. METHODS A cross-sectional survey including items used in pediatric communication studies from high-income countries and novel questions was verbally administered to 100 caregivers of children with cancer in Guatemala. RESULTS Guatemalan caregivers prioritized communication functions of exchanging information (99%), fostering healing relationships (98%), decision making (97%), enabling self-management (96%), and managing uncertainty (94%) over responding to emotions (66%) and cultural awareness (48%). Almost all caregivers wanted as many details as possible about their child's diagnosis and treatment (96%), likelihood of cure (99%), and late effects (97%). Only 67% were always given the information they needed without asking for it, and most caregivers sometimes (56%) or always (18%) had questions they wanted to discuss but did not. Approximately half of the caregivers (54%) correctly identified their child's diagnosis, primary site, disease extent (localized v metastatic), proposed treatment length, and treatment intent (curative v palliative). Caregivers of children with leukemia were more likely to correctly identify all attributes than those whose children had solid tumors ( P < .001). CONCLUSION Caregivers in Guatemala prioritize many of the same aspects of diagnostic communication as parents in the United States, and experience similar challenges. Shared communication values offer potential for adaptation of communication interventions across settings with varying resources and diverse cultures.
25
Piegorsch, Karen. "An Ergonomic Bench for Indigenous Weavers." Ergonomics in Design: The Quarterly of Human Factors Applications 17, no. 4 (October 2009): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1518/106480409x12587547656769.
Full textAbstract:
FEATURE AT A GLANCE: In this article I describe how an ergonomic bench was designed for indigenous weavers in Guatemala in the presence of long-standing economic poverty, gender inequality, and racial prejudice. The bench helps women increase their ability to earn a living through enhanced productivity and improved textile quality, while also preventing cumulative trauma to their bodies and preserving important aspects of their traditions. The systems approach that enabled user-centered ergonomic design of the bench also stimulated self-awareness among end-users, empowering them to create meaningful change in a culture in which kneeling, rather than sitting, is the norm for women.
26
Kusumawardhani, Hapsari Ayu, and Indah Susilowati. "Wives’ multiple roles in supporting coastal families’ economy." Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis 24, no. 2 (September 29, 2021): 289–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.24914/jeb.v24i2.4352.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to explore the triple role of fishermen's wives, analyze how they contribute to their families' economy, and determine appropriate strategies for fishermen's wives to support household economies in the coastal area of Tegal City. This study finds that, on average, fishermen's wives have low educational levels and limited economic access. We use the mixed method (combining the quantitative and qualitative approaches) to analyze the data from 100 respondents selected with the purposive sampling method. Additionally, we also conduct in-depth interviews with selected key persons. Our results indicate that fishermen's wives in Tegalsari and Muarareja villages have triple roles (production, reproduction, and community management). They work to earn revenues while playing their domestic role (becoming housewives) and play active roles in their social lives. Further, these wives contribute significantly to their families' incomes. We then use ATLAS.ti as a qualitative analysis tool to analyze strategies for empowering fishermen's wives from the economic, cultural, and institutional aspects.
27
Nurhasana, R., M. Matsuyuki, C. Hasan, N. M. Shellasih, F. R. Ningtyas, I. Fitrinitia, T. Negama, and S. Kuwayama. "The Socioeconomic Conditions of Online Taxi Driver Families During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Jakarta Greater Area." Jurnal Ilmu Keluarga dan Konsumen 14, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 216–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24156/jikk.2021.14.3.216.
Full textAbstract:
The Covid-19 pandemic affects almost all aspects of human life, from the education, transportation, political and economic sectors. Online taxi drivers are the informal sector that has been economically impacted by a decline in income. This study aims to determine the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on the socio-economic aspects of the resilience of online taxi drivers since the implementation of Large-Scale Social Restrictions (LSSR) as regulated in Governor Special Capital Region Regulation of Jakarta No. 33/2020. The regulation made them experience a decrease in the number of passengers, thus affecting their income. This study uses a qualitative model with a case study design. Data collection was carried out by focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with a total of 4 informants obtained from purposive sampling, then analyzed using content analysis. They experienced a significant decrease in income of up to 60-70 percent per day, compared to before the pandemic. The decline in income and recommendations for social distancing affect the socio-economic aspects of family resilience from online taxi drivers as informal sectors. Therefore, they must look for other income alternatives. Therefore, they need various alternative jobs and assistance.
28
Menjívar, Cecilia. "Global Processes and Local Lives: Guatemalan Women's Work and Gender Relations at Home and Abroad." International Labor and Working-Class History 70, no. 1 (October 2006): 86–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547907000178.
Full textAbstract:
In this paper I address an important aspect of the link between the larger process of globalization and work. I focus on how globalization has affected the lives of Guatemalan women of different class backgrounds and ethnicities in Guatemala and in Los Angeles, through an examination of the link between paid work and household work. Data for this article come from eighty-six in-depth interviews with indigenous and ladina women and from ethnographic field work I conducted in Los Angeles and in two regions of Guatemala. There are certain aspects of earning an income among the women in this study that emerge in both contexts, perhaps due to the demands of contemporary capitalism on workers around the world. My observations indicate that whereas the experiences of women and femininities are played out in the context of global economic relations, they are experienced differently in diverse sites and within the same context by individuals of different class and ethnic backgrounds. Thus, experiences of globalization through work are very much localized; they are historically and culturally situated and interact with broader processes in dissimilar fashion.
29
Ernawati, Hery, Anni Fithriyatul Mas’udah, Fery Setiawan, and Laily Isroin. "Health, Psychology and Economic Status: Impact of Early Marriage." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 10, E (July 7, 2022): 1364–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.9871.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND: Early marriage is a global problem that harms teenagers. The occurrence of early marriage in rural areas is a common practice. AIM: This study aims to determine the impact of early marriage on aspects of health, psychology, and economic status comprehensively based on the causes of early marriage in rural area. METHODS: This study used a cross-sectional study design. The sampling unit of this study was early marriage families from three sub-districts in the Ponorogo district, namely Sawoo, Ngrayun, and Pulung. The number of samples used as many as 75 families. The variables in this study consisted of health, husband’s psychology, wife’s psychology, and economic status. The statistical test used polychoric Principle Component Analysis (PCA) analysis to obtain health, psychological and economic status variables derived from several indicators. RESULTS: The results of this study indicate that in the healthcare variable, it appears that most of the respondents do not experience bleeding, do not have abdominal pain, and do not hurt on contact. Based on the emotion variable, the wife is more emotional than the husband. The results of polychoric PCA are based on scores that are divided into two categories. The results of the polychoric PCA analysis show that most of the early married couples have worse health and economic conditions, namely, 55% and 65%, respectively. Meanwhile, in the psychological condition of husband and wife, most of them have good conditions, namely, 75% and 83%. CONCLUSION: The impact of early marriage which shows poor results is on the health and economic aspects.
30
Forma, Paulina. "RESENTMENT AND SOCIAL ACCEPTANCE OF LARGE FAMILIES." Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Humanitas w Sosnowcu. Pedagogika 21 (November 24, 2020): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.5655.
Full textAbstract:
Facing the demographic crisis, it is worth reflecting on the issues of the place, significance and values of large family. As I. Bukalska (2017, s. 55) rightly observes, the strength of the influence of an important group of social interest, which are large families, shapes their better perception. Analyzing the content that responds to research problems on characteristics attributed to large families in source materials, media, assigned to large families and stereotyping the category of such families, it can be concluded that, despite the positive impact of these families on many aspects (e.g. demographic, economic, cultural, identity), large families still have to face unfair stereotypes of remaining a burden on society, being recipients of excessive social benefits, and even – as M. Szyszka (2015, s. 177) indicates – a pathological environment label.
31
Singh, Shyam. "Socio-economic aspects of the Van Gujjars -A tribal community of Pathri forest of Uttarakhand." Journal of Non-Timber Forest Products 17, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.54207/bsmps2000-2010-9tm0a0.
Full textAbstract:
The paper enumerates plants used by the Van Gujjars inhabiting the Pathri forest, District Haridwar Uttarakhand are a tribal community of Pathri forest. About 200 families of the Gujjars are lived in the forest. They are a pastord and nomadic muslim tribe. The pastralism of the Van Gujjars is based on their herd of buffaloes. The Economy of Van Gujjars is in shambles. The main source of their income is selling milk and ghee. They also use the forest plants for their uses.
32
Asis, Maruja M. B. "Overseas Employment and Social Transformation in Source Communities: Findings from the Phillippines." Asian and Pacific Migration Journal 4, no. 2-3 (June 1995): 327–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/011719689500400208.
Full textAbstract:
International labor migration has been a persistent feature of Philippine society since the 1970s. While the economic impact of overseas employment has been found to be generally beneficial to families and households, social impact of the phenomenon is less understood. Social transformation in four communities which have experienced large-scale and sustained international labor migration is discussed in the article. Economic prosperity for these communities, particularly for the families with migrant work was the most significant and most tangible impact attributed to oven employment. The negative aspects of overseas employment were related to perceptions of family problems and changes in the character of migrant and members of their families. In general, the nonmaterial changes triggered by overseas employment are still evolving, and changes in social forms or actors filling social roles are not necessarily to be viewed as negative effects of migration.
33
Bell, Avril. "Reverberating Historical Privilege of a “Middling” Sort of Settler Family." Genealogy 4, no. 2 (April 7, 2020): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genealogy4020046.
Full textAbstract:
Critical family history illuminates societal relations of inequality through focusing on the experiences and trajectories of particular families. Here, I focus on unequal relations between white settler colonizers and indigenous communities within Aotearoa, New Zealand. I use data gathered from family wills and archival research to sketch aspects of the economic privilege of branches of my own ancestral families in contrast to the economic dispossession and injustices faced by the Māori communities alongside whom they lived. The concept of historical privilege forms the analytic basis of this exploration, beginning with the founding historical windfalls experienced by the Bell and Graham families through their initial acquisition of Māori lands and the parallel historical trauma experienced by Māori at the loss of these lands. I then explore how these windfalls and traumas underpinned the divergent economic trajectories on both sides of this colonial relationship, touching on issues of family inheritance and structural and symbolic privilege. Neither the Bells nor the Grahams accumulated significant wealth, but the stories of such “middling” families are helpful in illuminating mechanisms of historical privilege that we inheritors of such privilege find it difficult to “see” or remember.
34
Salido, Mirian Fernández, Carolina Moreno-Castro, Francesco Belletti, Stecy Yghemonos, Jorge Garcès Ferrer, and Georgia Casanova. "Innovating European Long-Term Care Policies through the Socio-Economic Support of Families: A Lesson from Practices." Sustainability 14, no. 7 (March 30, 2022): 4097. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14074097.
Full textAbstract:
TC and socio-economic deprivation of families are two relevant issues in international debate. The economic or time investment made by families in caregiving has an impact on the socio-economic status of family members in terms of economic means and social inclusion. This study analyzes the practices that are supported by home LTC, examining their characteristics, identifying their strengths, weaknesses, drivers, and barriers, as well as identifying social innovation aspects. The study provides a qualitative interpretative comparison of 22 practices from eight countries, representing the four LTC care models existing in Europe. Cross-studies aid in the development of sustainable policies. The study highlights the differences and similarities between selected practices. The results indicate the effectiveness of integrative and coordination strategies at the macro, meso, and micro levels for the development of supportive policies for family members with burdens of care. Nevertheless, the results underline the lack of a genuine focus on families’ socio-economic support for providing care. The partial support provided by compensatory cash benefits or unpaid care leave schemes partially addresses the difficulties of familial burden of care. The study recommends that fair economic compensation and social security benefits be incorporated into innovative and sustainable strategies for supporting caregiving in LTC and welfare schemes.
35
Wołowiec, Tomasz. "ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL ASPECTS OF PROGRESSIVE AND PROPORTIONAL TAXATION OF INCOMES." International Journal of New Economics and Social Sciences 8, no. 2 (December 30, 2018): 161–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.9939.
Full textAbstract:
The case for a flat tax has been around for over two decades. In the early 1980s, Robert Hall and Alvin Rabush-ka of the Hoover Institution developed a tax system that is based on a single rate of taxation for all sources of income, as close as possible to the source. All income is classified as either business income or wages and taxed at one rate, except for a personal allowance exempting lower income individuals and families from taxation (this makes the Hall-Rabushka proposal to some extent progressive). There are no other exemptions, no deductions, no loopholes. The other essential aspect of the flat tax system developed by Hall-Rabushka is radical simplification of the tax system, by removing any deductions or reliefs, and by eliminating double taxation. This proposal repre-sents a fundamental change in the way governments would collect tax revenue. Flat tax is believed to help reduce red tape and associated difficulties and confusion. With tax form down to size of postcard the flat tax system makes tax filling much simpler and more efficient; achieve simplicity, economic efficiency and fairness (same rate for all) – three principle of effective/sound taxation; reduce tax evasion and cheating, by lowering opportunity cost of avoiding taxes. Flat tax systems means elimination of relief, allowances and thus eliminates loopholes in the sys-tem and provide incentives to work, save and invest that trigger an economic boom.
36
Vasylchenko, Alona, and Antonin Vaishar. "The Contemporary Situation and Preferences of the Ukrainian Rural Family." Eastern European Countryside 24, no. 1 (December 1, 2018): 219–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eec-2018-0011.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The purpose of this paper is to determine the family situation and family preferences in rural parts of the Ukraine. This study investigates social integration of people in various types of municipalities and size characteristics of families. The results were compared with Ukrainian urban families and Czech rural and urban families. Besides the statistical data, results of a questionnaire survey were organised by means of social networks were used. The results suggested that relations between people and their community life and their social integration are influenced by the cultural context, historical aspects and the economic level. The differences between the contemporary Czech and Ukrainian rural families can be observed in different pathways and in a different part of the job market.
37
Alabbadi, Ibrahim, Eman Massad, Nashaat Taani, Safwan Dababneh, Qasem Shersheer, Omar Nimri, Refqi Mahmoud, Rami Hijazeen, and Adnan Ishaq. "Exploring the Economic Aspects of β-Thalassemia in Jordan in 2019." Jordan Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 15, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 390–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.35516/jjps.v15i3.412.
Full textAbstract:
Thalassemia are inherited hematological disorders considered among the most common genetic disorders worldwide, occurring more frequently in the Mediterranean Region. The WHO estimates that Beta-thalassemia affects 2.9% of the world’s population. In Jordan, the carrier prevalence rate of thalassemia is from 2-4%. Patients with thalassemia need a lifelong care, devastating their quality of life and imposing overwhelming psychological and financial burden on patients and their families. The Jordanian Ministry of Health (MOH) is the sole facility responsible for treating these patients from the pre-marital program until required medications regardless of their nationality. This study aimed to estimate the economic burden of thalassemia in Jordan in 2019. All 680 thalassemia patients admitted to thalassemia centers in Jordan and coming to out-patients’ clinics from July 1st to Aug 31st, 2019 are included. Data were collected using a pre-developed questionnaire from the electronic medical records. The economic burden was estimated from MOH perspective and societal perspective. The average annual cost was estimated to be 2,674 JOD for a single thalassemia Jordanian insured patient and 4,627 JOD for un-insured, while the non-Jordanian patient’ annual cost was estimated 4,751 JOD if insured and 6,651 JOD if un-insured. The total economic burden of thalassemia in Jordan in 2019 was estimated to be 2,148,741 JOD. Of this amount, 1,393,329 JOD was for Jordanians and 755,412 JOD for non-Jordanians. In conclusion, this high burden of thalassemia in Jordan requires adopting new controlling policies; pre-marriage counseling, education and raising awareness should be encouraged.
38
Slamet, Mulyana, El Karimah Kismiyati, and Octavianti Meria. "The Reposition of Women’s Role in Migrant Worker’s Families in Karawang." E3S Web of Conferences 73 (2018): 11008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20187311008.
Full textAbstract:
Being a migrant worker is an alternative choice for many Karawang people to get out of the economic hardship. The decision of many women to be a migrant worker indicates the reposition of their role from reproduction to production. However, this creates internal problems, as well as deeply affects their domestic functions and roles, in their families. This research aimed to describe the reposition of women’s role in migrant workers’ families related to their decision to work abroad. Case study was the method used to provide a complete and in-depth view on the subject under study. The subject was multi-sources with ten key informants of female migrant workers from Tempuran District in Karawang Regency. Data were collected through in-depth interview, observation, and library study. The result shows that the reposition of female migrant workers’ role in Karawang is from domestic sphere (as housewives) to public sphere (as breadwinner). It occurs because of family economic pressure, which eventually resolved by working abroad. Although it has a positive impact on the fulfillment of family economic needs, it has a negative impact on psychological and social aspects of abandoned husbands and children.
39
Noer, Khaerul Umam. "Empowerment of women as head of poor family through the P2WKSS program in Bekasi City." Community Empowerment 6, no. 5 (May 10, 2021): 864–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.31603/ce.4553.
Full textAbstract:
Poverty is a condition of economic inability to meet the average standard of living of the community. This condition is exacerbated when women become the head of the family where they are not only responsible for domestic roles, but also fulfill all the needs of their family members. One of the efforts of the Bekasi City government to reduce poverty is by running an integrated program of Increasing the Role of Women Towards a Healthy and Prosperous Family (P2WKSS). P2WKSS is a program to improve the quality of life of women in the aspects of education, health and purchasing power, especially for poor families in villages. Using the Participatory Action Research method and the seven-stage community empowerment analysis model, this paper focuses on how to encourage P2WKSS as an answer to improving the welfare of women heads of poor families. This activity strengthens the contribution of P2WKSS activities in providing additional household economic income which directly improves the welfare of poor families.
40
Hartanto1, Dwi. "Peran UPT-BP2MI DIY Dalam Pemberdayaan Pekerja Migran Indonesia Purna Dan Implikasinya Terhadap Ketahanan Ekonomi Keluarga." Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional 28, no. 1 (May 24, 2022): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jkn.73622.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyzed the role of UPT-BP2MI DIY in empowering PMI Purna and analyzed its implications for family economic resilience. This study used the theory of role, empowerment and the theory of family economic resilience. This research approach was a qualitative research with descriptive exploratory method with data collection techniques used were observation, interviews, documentation and literature. The informants in this study amounted to 13 people consist of employees of UPT-BP2MI DIY and PMI Purna. Data analysis used was data categorization, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions.The results of this study indicated that through the empowerment of PMI Purna organized by UPT-BP2MI DIY it had implications for increasing insight, skills, and abilities to created independence and economic resilience for PMI Purna families. In its implementation, there were still obstacles faced by UPT-BP2MI DIY and PMI Purna for implementing the results of empowerment. The empowerment activities carried out had implications for the economic resilience of PMI Purna's families, which could be seen through four aspects, namely: (1). Family residence, (2). Family income that had exceeded the Provincial Minimum Wage (UMP) of DIY Province of Rp. 1,765,000 rupiah, this was one of the strongest aspects of determining the implications of PMI Purna's family economic resilience, (3). Financing the education of children who did not drop out of school in the 12-year compulsory education, and (4). Family financial guarantees in the form of bank products, non banks and others.
41
Pakravan-Charvadeh, Mohammad Reza, Moselm Savari, Haider A. Khan, Saeid Gholamrezai, and Cornelia Flora. "Determinants of household vulnerability to food insecurity during COVID-19 lockdown in a mid-term period in Iran." Public Health Nutrition 24, no. 7 (January 26, 2021): 1619–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980021000318.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractObjective:This study aimed to identify and rank the different aspects of households’ vulnerability to food insecurity.Design:The data were collected by a standard online questionnaire. The Household Food Insecurity Access Scale was used to assess food insecurity levels, and first-order structural equation modelling was applied to determine factors that affect food insecurity. Seven dimensions of vulnerability were measured: economic, social, cultural, human, physical, psychology and information, using thirty-seven items extracted from the related literature review.Setting:This study was implemented in Tehran province in Iran.Participants:The sample included 392 families residing in Tehran province which was determined using random sampling.Results:About 61 % of the total sample faced food insecurity, at marginal, moderate and severe levels. Economic, psychological and human aspects of vulnerability had the highest effect on food insecurity during the initial COVID-19 lockdown.Conclusions:Authorities and policymakers must provide economic and financial support to vulnerable households. Abolition of US economic and financial sanctions imposed on Iran must be implemented to battle with COVID-19 in this country.
42
Sunarti, Euis, Aliya Faizah Fithriyah, Nikmatul Khoiriyah, Winny Novyanti, Intan Islamia, and Viena R. Hasanah. "Portrait of Indonesian Family During One Year the COVID-19 Pandemic: Analysis of Factors Influencing Family Welfare and Resilience." Journal of Disaster Research 17, no. 1 (January 30, 2022): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2022.p0031.
Full textAbstract:
This study aimed to capture aspects of Indonesian family life during a year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data collected through online questionnaire survey, followed by 1048 participants with wide-ranged socio-economic status. The COVID-19 pandemic expands the vulnerability of families, brings economic pressure, symptoms of stress, disrupts food security and psychological welfare. However, the family tries to overcome and balance it by managing resources and increasing interaction and worship. They believe they can overcome problems, accompanied by the belief that the pandemic is a trial from the Almighty. An interesting finding was that during a pandemic, many families were stepping up their donations. The important findings of this study are the higher the stress level, the lower the social welfare, psychological welfare, and family resilience. Meanwhile, the social and psychological welfare of the family is positively influenced by the welfare of the child. Family resilience is directly and positively influenced by food coping strategies and social welfare, but is negatively affected by perceived stress symptoms. Economic pressures lead to higher social welfare which is manifested by better communication, decision making, donation, and family time management. The findings of this survey show the importance of families managing stressors and increasing family resilience.
43
Panasiuk, Aleksander, and Ewa Wszendybył-Skulska. "Social Aspects of Tourism Policy in the European Union. The Example of Poland and Slovakia." Economies 9, no. 1 (February 4, 2021): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies9010016.
Full textAbstract:
Since the beginning of the 21st century, the European Union tourism policy has been increasingly focused on initiatives in the field of social tourism, which are one of the ways of achieving sustainable development in the European tourism economy. Most of the research projects that have so far been conducted in the field have focused on the benefits for its participants (subjective one: Children and youths, seniors, disabled people, people (families) with low incomes and/or unemployed, big families). However, there is a lack of research on the analysis of the place of social aspects of tourism in the general socio-economic policy of the state and, in a detailed aspect, in the sectoral policy represented by tourism policy, as well as its potential impact on the development of the national economy and meeting tourism needs of the society. The authors tried to fill this research gap in this study. The aim of the study is to differentiate the issues related to the social aspects of tourism policy from the entire socio-economic policy pursued in the European Union and selected member states (Poland and Slovakia). The article is of a theoretical–analytical–conceptual nature. Empirical research, due to the nature of its issues, was conducted with the use of qualitative research methods. The results of the conducted research showed that activities in the field of social tourism policy are conditioned by organizational solutions for the entities that undertake them, as well as economic ones, especially in the field of financing. Moreover, they made it possible to propose the concept of a model social tourism policy with an indication of its place in the European policy on the basis of the past and future EU financial perspectives.
44
SAITO, OSAMU. "Introduction: The economic and social aspects of the family life-cycle in traditional and modern Japan." Continuity and Change 15, no. 1 (May 2000): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0268416099003458.
Full textAbstract:
Since the publication of the seminal book of essays Household and family in past time in 1972, much research on the history of the family has concentrated on the situation in western and eastern Europe, and relied almost exclusively on census-type documents. It is, for example, established that whereas mean household size was small, the mean age at first marriage fairly high and neo-localism (the formation of an independent household on marriage) dominant in western Europe, almost the opposite applied in eastern Europe. Yet these findings do not preclude the possibility of discovering regions where in statistical terms the mean household size was not large and the proportion of complex households not particularly high, but where the neo-local mode of household formation was not the norm. Such a region could have a preference for joint families (two or more married sons co-residing with their father) with a low-fertility demographic regime, or stem families (one co-residing married son) with that of intermediate to low fertility.Traditional Japan is an example of just such a stem-family society. There the household, not the individual, was perceived as the basic social and legal unit of society. This unit was called ie and its headship, authority and property were expected to be handed down from the father to a particular son, enabling the household to follow alternating stages of ‘simple’, ‘multiple’ and ‘extended’ forms over the developmental cycle, more or less in accordance with the predictions of Lutz Berkner. As articles in the section of Laslett and Wall's Household and family on Japan have already shown, the mean household size in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Japan was not higher than that in England, but the mean age at marriage was lower than in the English population. Moreover, household formation and succession rules under the Japanese ie system were not compatible with the simple family mode.
45
Karyati, Karyati, Karmini Karmini, and Kusno Yuli Widiati. "The role of tropical abandoned land relative to ecological and economic aspects." Forest and Society 4, no. 1 (April 26, 2020): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.24259/fs.v4i1.8939.
Full textAbstract:
The floristic structure and composition of abandoned lands in the tropic have been observed to be changing dynamically during the succession process. This is mostly because they are not utilized maximally, therefore, there is a need to assess the economic and ecological impacts of this land abandonment in tropical areas. This study was conducted to determine the ecological aspects of standstructure, floristic composition, and species diversity and analyze the economic aspects of standing trees in tropical abandoned land. The vegetation containing woody trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) of > 5 cm were surveyed at six subplots sized 20 m × 20 m. The economic parameters were evaluated using data of log price, logging cost, profit margin, and stumpage value of standing trees in the study plot and a total of 126 trees including 26 species of 25 genera of 18 families were recorded. The most common species found were Macaranga tanarius with 50.60%, Bridelia glauca with 49.13%, and Pterospermum javanicum with 29.05% based on Importance Value Index (IVi). Moreover, the diversity, dominance, evenness, and richness indices were 1.23, 0.09, 0.87, and 5.17 respectively while the total log price at the abandoned land was 1,462.02 USD m-3 with an average value of 56.23USD m-3. The total and mean values of logging costs were 1,212.24USD ha-1 and 46.62USD ha-1, respectively while the total profit margin of log selling was USD337.39m-3 at maximum with an average of 12.98 USD m-3. Furthermore, the average stumpage value was 83.05 USD ha-1 while the total was calculated to be 2,159.36 USD ha-1.These findings showed the utilization of abandoned lands with respect to ecology and economic aspects has the ability to increase community welfare and support the implementation of developmental programs in the country.
46
Rahmatullah, Rahmatullah, Inanna Inanna, and Andi Tenri Ampa. "How Informal Education Fosters Economic Awareness in Children." Dinamika Pendidikan 15, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 202–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/dp.v15i2.25285.
Full textAbstract:
The research aimed to find out how the education pattern in the family forms children's economic awareness. Qualitative descriptive was used as an approach in this study to reveal how the role of farmer families in the Maritengngae sub-district, Sidrap Regency in fostering economic awareness in their children. The number of informants in this study was 10 people. The data collection used observation, documentation, and interviews. The results showed that economic education was part of education that took place in the family environment to foster economic awareness in children from an early age through habituation, exemplary and transfer of knowledge. The characteristics of economic education in the family can be seen in various aspects, namely giving verbal advice, participating in shopping, and habituation in saving, limiting pocket money, and priority scale in fulfilling needs. The role of housewives is very important in fostering habits and role models in children from an early age with the hope that in the future they will become responsible economic actors.
47
Piwowarczyk, Mirosław. "The Cooperative as a Form of Education in the Theory and Practice of the Work of Women’s Organisations in the Second Republic of Poland, as Exemplified by the Women’s Social Self-Help Association." Czech-polish historical and pedagogical journal 12, no. 1 (2020): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cphpj-2020-001.
Full textAbstract:
The work of the SSK was integrally and consistently a part of the social and economic life of the 1930s in the Interwar Period in Poland. It was clearly ideologically oriented. By uniting women and promoting their activity the association served a supportive and educational role for hundreds of Polish women and families. Although the scope of the work of the organisation was not particularly broad, through the realisation of the ideas and the implementation of the form of the cooperative, the association contributed to the increase of the level of life of numerous Polish women in its social, economic, and cultural aspects.
48
Salarvand, Shahin, Masoumeh-Sadat Mousavi, and Yadollah Pournia. "Individual memories and coping with the COVID-19 lockdown: Family members’ experiences." Medwave 22, no. 09 (October 28, 2022): e2591-e2591. http://dx.doi.org/10.5867/medwave.2022.09.2591.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction Understanding the psychological and behavioral reactions to emerging infectious diseases is crucial in managing outbreaks. This study sought to explain family members’ experiences of individual memories and coping with the COVID-19 lockdown. Methods An exploratory, descriptive and qualitative research was conducted by content analysis in Lorestan province, Iran. The purposive sampling was continued by achieving data saturation, reaching 29 samples. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted to family members who stayed at home during the COVID-19-induced lockdown. The data was collected from October 2020 to February 2021. Content analysis presented by Graneheim and Lundman was used to analyze the data. Results The findings of this study contained 100 codes and five categories with its respective subcategories. Categories included taking advantage of opportunities (increasing intimate communication in the family; compensation and progress), coping mechanisms (creating fun and creativity at home; trying to spend leisure time; sports, reading books, music; increasing patience and tolerance; and forced Internet communications), social aspects (positive and negative), outcomes (gratefulness, pleasure, and happiness; concerns; psychological aspects; and damage and challenge to the foundation of families), and economic aspects (cost savings; recession/job loss/financial downturn; and low-income families' unaffordability to prepare electronics for education). Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic and its induced-lockdown have affected various aspects of family life and its pros and cons have been presented by the participants. Policymakers must design and implement programs in line with this change in the public’s lifestyles so that families are not damaged.
49
Muhanga, Mikidadi. "Informal sector in urban areas in Tanzania: some socio-demographic, economic and legal aspects." International Journal of Accounting and Economics Studies 5, no. 2 (November 14, 2017): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijaes.v5i2.8495.
Full textAbstract:
Urban settings worldwide are homes to the informal sector due to the sector’s vast potentiality in terms of employment and income generation. Very little is found throughout the literature on the socio-demographic attributes of the informal sector in Tanzania despite its contribution to the economy. This paper empirically profiles informal sector in urban setting in Morogoro, Tanzania by analyzing socio-demographic, economic and legal aspects of the sector and those involved. Data was collected from 80 respondents using a questionnaire. Data analysis entailed descriptive statistics and cross tabulation. The results reveal dominance of men in the sector, low levels of education, young (19-26 years) and married people dominating, use of family labour, willing to operate businesses at times and locations convenient to customers. The study further shows that 55 % of the activities obtained capital from owners’ own sources and 82.5 % of the activities operating were not licensed. The results further show that 50% of the activities /businesses surveyed were owned by families. Overall, the study asserts that the IS has a valuable contribution to the well being of the urban dwellers. The study recommends a need for addressing training needs and interventions by Local Government Authorities in the Informal Sector’s operations for better performance and contribution to the livelihood of those involved but also to allow the Local Government Authorities earn income in form of taxes.
50
Rostovskaya, Tamara, Oksana Kuchmaeva, and Olga Zolotareva. "The Value of the Family in the Eyes of Russians: A Sociological Analysis." DEMIS. Demographic Research 1, no. 4 (November 19, 2021): 59–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/demis.2021.1.4.5.
Full textAbstract:
The depopulation that intensified during the pandemic sharpens attention to the issues of family and demographic policy. The well-being of families and the growth of the expected number of children in these families is becoming a priority. In this regard, it is interesting to assess the determinants of their well-being in the psychological and socio-economic aspects through the eyes of families themselves. The above analysis of the importance of values and key aspects of the life of Russians, the living conditions of Russian families is based on the data of the All-Russian sociological survey "Demographic Wellbeing of Russia" conducted in 2020. The study allowed us to characterize life priorities, existing social and material problems of families in the context of regions, which provides a basis development of measures in the field of supporting families, taking into account territorial characteristics, and definitely speaks of the practical significance of the presented results. Particular attention in the article is paid to the assessment of intergenerational relationships, which significantly supplements the data characterizing the situation of Russian families provided by Rosstat and a number of other sociological surveys. The results of the study showed a significant dependence of family well-being on the preservation of spiritual and moral traditions in family relations, the presence of intergenerational ties, the ability of a generation of parents to provide assistance and support in raising their children to adult children. In this context, it is noted the lack of attention of the state as a leading social actor in society, which is entrusted with the formation and development of the institution of a prosperous Russian family, the formation and strengthening of the family as a fundamental basis of Russian society, the creation of family ideals based on traditional values. and accepting intergenerational hierarchy and solidarity, increasing the authority of parenting in the family and society.