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Academic literature on the topic 'Familiarity'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Familiarity"

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Maynard, M. Travis, John E. Mathieu, Lucy L. Gilson, Diana R. Sanchez, and Matthew D. Dean. "Do I Really Know You and Does It Matter? Unpacking the Relationship Between Familiarity and Information Elaboration in Global Virtual Teams." Group & Organization Management 44, no. 1 (July 10, 2018): 3–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059601118785842.

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We investigate the relationship between personal and professional familiarly, team effectiveness, and viability, and how these relationships are mediated by information elaboration in global virtual teams. We further assess whether virtuality moderates the relationships between both types of familiarity and information elaboration. Based on data collected from 63 global virtual supply chain teams, our results suggest that professional familiarity is positively associated with team information elaboration, which in turn relates positively to both manager-rated team effectiveness and team leader–rated viability. Furthermore, team virtuality enhances the influence of personal familiarity on information elaboration, but dampens the relationship between professional familiarity and information elaboration. Our results suggest that professional familiarity is a more salient antecedent of information elaboration in global virtual teams. We discuss the implications of our results for both theory and practice.
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Bates, Jane. "Familiarity rules." Nursing Standard 21, no. 17 (January 3, 2007): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns.21.17.29.s36.

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Diduck, A. "Shifting Familiarity." Current Legal Problems 58, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): 235–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clp/58.1.235.

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Peña, Elizabeth D., and Rosemary Quinn. "Task Familiarity." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 28, no. 4 (October 1997): 323–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/0161-1461.2804.323.

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Two studies compared the performance of Puerto Rican and African American Head Start children on presumably familiar (description) and unfamiliar (one-word labeling) test tasks. Results indicated that children performed significantly better on the familiar test task, and that the familiar task was more sensitive in differentiating children who were typically developing from those with low language ability. Implications for the use of standardized tests, local norms, and dynamic assessment with culturally/linguistically diverse children are discussed.
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Quinton, Arthur R. "Familiarity eschewed." American Journal of Physics 53, no. 8 (August 1985): 711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.14294.

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Glover, Bryn. "Familiarity breeds…" New Scientist 194, no. 2599 (April 2007): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(07)60921-x.

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Waters, Rob. "Strange familiarity." Identities 25, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 61–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1070289x.2017.1412139.

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Kim, Jiyoun. "Affective states, familiarity and music selection: power of familiarity." International Journal of Arts and Technology 4, no. 1 (2011): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1504/ijart.2011.037771.

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Muljono, Patrick, Aaltje E. Manampiring, and Fatimawali Fatimawali. "Analisis Citra Rumah Sakit Umum GMIM Bethesda Tomohon pada Unit Rawat Jalan Tahun 2020." e-CliniC 11, no. 1 (November 19, 2022): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v11i1.37785.

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Abstract: Hospital image could affect the attitude and behaviour of patients towards the hospital. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the variables studied and the image of Rumah Sakit Umum GMIM Bethesda (RSUGB). This was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. The independent variables in this study were familiarity, emotional aspect, service, environment, and finance. The dependent variable was the image of RSUGB. Data were statistically analyzed with the chi square test using the SPSS version 22 computer program. The results showed that most respondents (89.0%) felt that hospital familiarity was good; (68.2%) felt emotional towards a good hospital; (67.9%) felt that the service at the hospital was good; (87.2%) felt that the environment of the hospital was good; and (68.8%) felt that the financial rates at the hospital were good. The chi square test or cross tabulation of the five independent variables on the dependent variable indicated that only the service variable towards hospital image had a p-value < 0.05 (p=0.018). Other variables such as familiarity (p=0.166), emotional aspect (p=0.473), environment (p=0.057), and finance (p=0.200) had p-values >0.05. In conclusion, there is a relationship between service and the image of Rumah Sakit Umum GMIM Bethesda (RSUGB), however, there are no relationships between familiarity, emotional aspect, environment, and finance with the hospital image.Keywords: familiarity; emotional aspect; service; environment; finance; hospital image Abstrak: Citra sebuah rumah sakit berdampak pada sikap dan perilaku pasien terhadap rumah sakit tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan variabel yang diteliti dengan citra Rumah Sakit Umum GMIM Bethesda (RSUGB). Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Variabel bebas ialah familiaritas, emosional, pelayanan, lingkungan dan keuangan sedangkan variabel terikat ialah citra RSUGB. Analisis data secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji chi square dengan bantuan program komputer SPSS versi 22. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar responden (89,0%) merasa familiaritas rumah sakit baik; (68,2%) merasa emosional terhadap rumah sakit baik; (67,9%) merasa pelayanan pada rumah sakit baik; (87,2%) merasa lingkungan di rumah sakit baik; dan (68,8%) merasa tarif keuangan di rumah sakit baik. Pada uji chi square atau tabulasi silang dari kelima variabel bebas terhadap variabel terikat didapatkan hanya variabel pelayanan dengan citra rumah sakit nilai p<0,05 (p=0,018). Variabel lainnya seperti familiaritas (p=0,166), aspek emosional (p=0,473), lingkungan (p=0,057), dan keuangan (p=0,200) mendapatkan nilai p>0,05. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan antara pelayanan dengan citra Rumah Sakit Umum GMIM Bethesda (RSUGB) namun tidak terdapat hubungan antara familiaritas, aspek emosi, lingkungan dan keuangan dengan citra rumah sakit.Kata kunci: familiaritas; emosional; pelayanan; lingkungan; keuangan; citra rumah sakit
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Muljono, Patrick, Aaltje E. Manampiring, and Fatimawali Fatimawali. "Analisis Citra Rumah Sakit Umum GMIM Bethesda Tomohon pada Unit Rawat Jalan Tahun 2020." e-CliniC 11, no. 1 (November 19, 2022): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.35790/ecl.v11i1.44320.

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Abstract: Hospital image could affect the attitude and behaviour of patients towards the hospital. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the variables studied and the image of Rumah Sakit Umum GMIM Bethesda (RSUGB). This was a descriptive study with a cross sectional design. The independent variables in this study were familiarity, emotional aspect, service, environment, and finance. The dependent variable was the image of RSUGB. Data were statistically analyzed with the chi square test using the SPSS version 22 computer program. The results showed that most respondents (89.0%) felt that hospital familiarity was good; (68.2%) felt emotional towards a good hospital; (67.9%) felt that the service at the hospital was good; (87.2%) felt that the environment of the hospital was good; and (68.8%) felt that the financial rates at the hospital were good. The chi square test or cross tabulation of the five independent variables on the dependent variable indicated that only the service variable towards hospital image had a p-value < 0.05 (p=0.018). Other variables such as familiarity (p=0.166), emotional aspect (p=0.473), environment (p=0.057), and finance (p=0.200) had p-values >0.05. In conclusion, there is a relationship between service and the image of Rumah Sakit Umum GMIM Bethesda (RSUGB), however, there are no relationships between familiarity, emotional aspect, environment, and finance with the hospital image. Keywords: familiarity; emotional aspect; service; environment; finance; hospital image Abstrak: Citra sebuah rumah sakit berdampak pada sikap dan perilaku pasien terhadap rumah sakit tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan variabel yang diteliti dengan citra Rumah Sakit Umum GMIM Bethesda (RSUGB). Jenis penelitian ialah deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang. Variabel bebas ialah familiaritas, emosional, pelayanan, lingkungan dan keuangan sedangkan variabel terikat ialah citra RSUGB. Analisis data secara univariat dan bivariat menggunakan uji chi square dengan bantuan program komputer SPSS versi 22. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar responden (89,0%) merasa familiaritas rumah sakit baik; (68,2%) merasa emosional terhadap rumah sakit baik; (67,9%) merasa pelayanan pada rumah sakit baik; (87,2%) merasa lingkungan di rumah sakit baik; dan (68,8%) merasa tarif keuangan di rumah sakit baik. Pada uji chi square atau tabulasi silang dari kelima variabel bebas terhadap variabel terikat didapatkan hanya variabel pelayanan dengan citra rumah sakit nilai p<0,05 (p=0,018). Variabel lainnya seperti familiaritas (p=0,166), aspek emosional (p=0,473), lingkungan (p=0,057), dan keuangan (p=0,200) mendapatkan nilai p>0,05. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat hubungan antara pelayanan dengan citra Rumah Sakit Umum GMIM Bethesda (RSUGB) namun tidak terdapat hubungan antara familiaritas, aspek emosi, lingkungan dan keuangan dengan citra rumah sakit. Kata kunci: familiaritas; emosional; pelayanan; lingkungan; keuangan; citra rumah sakit
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Familiarity"

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Lyon, Gordon William. "Recognition and perceptual familiarity." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260430.

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Cerigioni, Francesco. "Essays on Familiarity and Choice." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/386523.

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La tesis estudia los canales por los cuales las experiencias familiares influyen en el comportamiento individual a través de procesos psicológicos automáticos con el objetivo de conseguir una mejor comprensión de algunos puzles económicos. En particular, la investigación se centra en la comprensión de dos canales principales que se discutirán a continuación: (i) cómo las experiencias familiares influyen en el comportamiento individual a través de las analogías y, (ii) cómo las experiencias familiares influyen en el comportamiento individual a través del efecto que la exposición tiene sobre el valor percibido de las alternativas. Los dos primeros capítulos analizan el primer punto, el tercero el segundo. Evidencia psicológica muestra que algunas elecciones son conscientes y reflejan las preferencias individuales, mientras que otras tienden a ser intuitivas, impulsadas por las analogías con las experiencias pasadas. En estas circunstancias, la modelización económica habitual podría no ser válida porque no todas las elecciones son consecuencia de los gustos individuales. El primer capítulo propone un modelo de comportamiento que formaliza cómo surgen elecciones conscientes e intuitivas mediante la presentación de un individuo compuesto por dos sistemas. Un sistema compara los problemas de decisión del pasado con los presentes, y replica el comportamiento pasado cuando los problemas son lo suficientemente similares (elección intuitiva). De lo contrario, el segundo sistema se activa y maximiza las preferencias (elección consciente). Luego, el capítulo presenta un nuevo método capaz de encontrar elecciones conscientes sólo de la conducta observada y, por último, ofrece un fundamento axiomático del modelo y discute su importancia como marco general para estudiar la inercia conductual. El simple modelo que se propone en el primer capítulo permite el estudio de las implicaciones de las decisiones intuitivas para los mercados, en particular, el segundo capítulo analiza las implicaciones del modelo para los precios de los activos. La evidencia de los mercados financieros sugiere que los precios de los activos pueden estar lejos de su valor fundamental. Los precios parecen no reaccionar a las noticias en el corto plazo y reaccionar de forma exagerada en el largo plazo. El Capítulo 2 utiliza el modelo presentado en el primer capítulo para describir el comportamiento de los traders. En particular, una parte de los traders tiene creencias erróneas en cualquier momento las condiciones del mercado no cambian lo suficiente. La proporción de traders con creencias equivocadas dependerá de la similitud de los entornos de mercado en el pasado el actual. El modelo no solo proporciona una explicación para noise trading si no también explica los movimientos de los precios de los activos a las noticias. El tercer capítulo concluye analizando el impacto de la familiaridad en la evaluación de alternativas. Este canal es diferente y complementario al previo porque no depende de las analogías. El capítulo presenta un individuo que experimenta el “efecto de la exposición”, es decir, el fenómeno por el cual las personas tienden a desarrollar una preferencia por las cosas simplemente porque han sido expuestos a ellas. La idea principal es que cuanto más un individuo elige algo, mayor es la probabilidad de elegirlo nuevamente. Dicho modelo provee una base cognitiva más general y dinámica al conocido fenómeno de sesgo hacia el status-quo, y por lo tanto al efecto de dotación, la aversión a la pérdida y el sesgo hacia el presente. Además, ayuda a cuantificar la inercia comportamental que afecta las elecciones individuales. En particular, es posible prever precisamente el tipo de heterogeneidad que tendría que surgir de una población homogénea de individuos expuestos a diferentes secuencias de elecciones. Finalmente, se proporciona un fundamento axiomático del modelo y se discuten algunas posibles extensiones.
The thesis studies the channels through which familiar experiences influence individual behavior through automatic psychological processes with the aim of getting a clearer understanding of some puzzling economic phenomena. In particular, the research focuses on understanding two main channels that are discussed next: (i) how familiar experiences influence individual behavior through similarity comparisons and, (ii) how familiar experiences influence individual behavior through the effect of exposure on the perceived value of the alternatives. The first two chapters analyze the former, the third the latter. Evidence from cognitive sciences shows that some choices are conscious and reflect individual preferences while others tend to be intuitive, driven by analogies with past experiences. Under these circumstances, usual economic modeling might not be valid because not all choices are the consequence of individual tastes. The first chapter proposes a behavioral model that can be used in standard economic analysis that formalizes how conscious and intuitive choices arise by presenting a decision maker composed by two systems. One system compares past decision problems with the one the decision maker faces, and it replicates past behavior when the problems are similar enough (Intuitive choices). Otherwise, a second system is activated and preferences are maximized (Conscious choices). The chapter then presents a novel method capable of finding conscious choices just from observed behavior and finally, it provides a choice theoretical foundation of the model and discusses its importance as a general framework to study behavioral inertia. The simple model proposed in the first chapter allows for the study of the implications of intuitive decisions for market outcomes, in particular, the second chapter analyzes the implications of the model for asset pricing. Evidence from financial markets suggests that asset prices can be consistently far from their fundamental value. Prices seem to underreact to news in the short-run and overreact in the long-run. Chapter 2 uses the model presented in the first chapter to describe traders behavior. In particular, a part of traders holds wrong beliefs anytime the market environment does not change sufficiently. The proportion of traders with wrong beliefs will depend on how similar past market environments are with the present one. The chapter shows that such model not only can be seen as a way of endogenizing noise trading, but it also provides a justification for noise traders' beliefs and it shows that underreaction and overreaction naturally arise in this framework. The chapter concludes with a discussion of how the model might help understanding the emergence of the equity-premium puzzle and its variation through time. The third chapter then concludes by analyzing the impact of familiarity on the evaluation of alternatives. This is a different and complementary channel that does not depend on analogies between different environments. The chapter proposes a model of a decision maker that experiences the mere exposure effect, i.e. the phenomenon by which people tend to develop a preference for things merely because they have been exposed to them. The main idea is that the more the decision maker chooses something, the higher the probability he chooses it again. Such model allows for a more general and dynamic cognitive foundation to the well-known phenomenon of the status-quo bias, and hence to obtain the endowment effect, loss aversion and present bias as a consequence. Furthermore, it helps quantify the behavioral inertia that affects the decision maker choices. In particular, it is possible to have accurate forecasts of the kind of heterogeneity we should expect to emerge from an homogeneous population of individuals exposed to different choice paths. Finally, a choice theoretical foundation of the model is provided and some possible extensions are discussed.
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Beier, Sofie. "Typeface legibility : towards defining familiarity." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2009. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/957/.

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The aim of the project is to investigate the influence of fa- miliarity on reading. Three new fonts were created in order to examine the familiarity of fonts that readers could not have seen before. Each of the new fonts contains lowercase letters with fa- miliar and unfamiliar skeleton variations. The different skeleton variations were tested with distance threshold and time thresh- old methods in order to account for differences in visibility. This investigation helped create final typeface designs where the fa- miliar and unfamiliar skeleton variations have roughly similar and good performance. The typefaces were later applied as the test material in the familiarity investigation. Some typographers have proposed that familiarity means the amount of time that a reader has been exposed to a typeface design, while other typographers have proposed that familiarity is the commonalities in letterforms. These two hypotheses were tested by measuring the reading speed and preference of partici- pants, as they read fonts that had either common or uncommon letterforms, the fonts were then re-measured after an exposure period. The results indicate that exposure has an immediate ef- fect on the speed of reading, but that unfamiliar letter features only have an effect of preference and not on reading speed. By combining the craftsmen’s knowledge of designing with the methods of experimental research, the project takes a new step forward towards a better understanding of how different type- faces can influence the reading process.
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Nee, Diana. "Maintaining familiarity through mobile design." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62982.

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Thesis (S.B. in Art and Design)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2007.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 32).
This thesis aims to fulfill the needs for storage, portability, and comfort in the growing population of itinerant young professionals through generating a deployable device that provides a sense of familiarity and personalization. Prior to activation, the device acts as a secure and protective container for personal belongings. Once activated, it will provide a number of surfaces that allow for work, rest, display, and storage. Acting as both storage receptacle and deployable furniture, the device allows for one to move efficiently and, in doing so, still maintain a sense of identity at different locations.
by Diana Nee.
S.B.in Art and Design
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Allen, Donald Mark. "Familiarity and the Attribution Process." W&M ScholarWorks, 1985. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625326.

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McCormick, Carroll Owen. "Rater familiarity in simulation validity studies." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26560.

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Previous research on photographic simulation validity is reviewed. Evidence supporting simulation validity is found, but methodological flaws seriously compromise the results of many of the studies. In the present study 408 University of British Columbia undergraduates rated the affective quality of two building interiors, using actual site, color slide, and written description media. Groups rating each site at each medium were equally represented by familiar and unfamiliar raters. The hypothesis that compensating efects of rater familiarity with stimulus sites produce results that are misinterpreted as supportive of simulation validity was tested. Results show that valid ratings of color slides were obtained, but results that appear supportive of simulation validity can be confounded with rater familiarity effects and building prototypicality.
Arts, Faculty of
Psychology, Department of
Graduate
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Osborne, Cara D. "Measurement and representation of facial familiarity." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.444961.

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Gontijo, Possidonia de Freitas Drumond. "Familiarity effects in visual word recognition." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21263.

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This thesis is an investigation of two different aspects of familiarity processes involved in visual word recognition. The first is how capitalisation influences visual word recognition. The second is the role played by onset, nucleus and coda in nonword recognition. A familiar aspect of proper names in English, is that they are printed with an initial capital letter. Two experiments investigated the effects of the capitalisation of the initial letter of nonwords. It was found that subjects generate fewer pronunciations for initially capitalised nonwords than for those which were not capitalised. I suggest that in English initial capitalisation acts as a cue strong enough to prompt readers to perceive unfamiliar strings of letters as belonging to the category of proper names. As a result, the phonological domain used to retrieve the pronunciation of initially capitalised strings becomes more restricted than that used for the non-capitalised unfamiliar strings. These results extend the applicability of Brennen's theory for proper names, which is based on the size of the set of plausible phonologies of a word. In a third experiment, pairs of nonwords had their familiar visual appearance manipulated in terms of first and last letter capitalisation, in a same-different matching task. Faster response times were obtained for those nonword pairs that kept a more familiar aspect (e.g., pairs in which the first letter was capitalised as opposed to others in which the last letter was capitalised). These results are explained in terms of Besner and Jonhston (1989) "orthographic familiarity route". I propose the transformation model as an explanation for the mechanisms by which this route operates. Nonwords are an important aspect of this thesis. A new algorithm was developed for the creation of monosyllabic nonwords in which the frequency of their onsets, nuclei and codas could be controlled carefully. This gave us the opportunity to study the influence of orthographic neighborhood in visual word recognition. The findings here are in agreement with previous studies which show the recognition of an item to be influenced by the presence of neighbours. It has been hypothesized that familiarity effects in visual word recognition can only be found in tasks where identification mechanisms are not implicated. Here, a new category of words, namely brand names, was used to test this hypothesis. There are many reasons why brand names are a more appropriate class of words than acronyms to be used in this type of investigation. The results obtained confirm the hypothesis above. Previously, acronyms had been the only class of words used to test this hypothesis. Finally, a computational assessment of the nature of the mappings from letterto- sound in British English was carried on. A program was developed to estimate the pronunciation of any string of English graphemes based on the probabilities of grapheme-phoneme correspondences. The algorithm was assessed by examining its behavior for nonwords. This was done by using a corpus of nonword transcriptions, collected in an experiment with trained phoneticians. The results confirm the fact that the statistical information about grapheme-phoneme correspondences alone is not sufficient to predict English pronunciation. Also, a method was developed that allows the quantification of the different orthographic depth for various languages.
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Horn, Mathilde. "Etude du sentiment de familiarité chez les patients atteints de schizophrénie, impact sur le risque de comportements violents." Thesis, Lille 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL2S019/document.

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La familiarité correspond au sentiment d’avoir déjà rencontré une personne, un lieu, un objet, indépendamment de la capacité à restituer le contexte initiale de cette rencontre. Le sentiment de familiarité peut ainsi être perçu même si le stimulus dont il s’agit n’est pas clairement identifié. Les travaux menés sur la familiarité s’intègrent dans des domaines de recherche assez variables, les principales recherches ayant été réalisées dans le cadre plus général de l’étude de la mémoire de reconnaissance, et dans le cadre de l’étude de la reconnaissance des visages.Des troubles du sentiment de familiarité peuvent avoir des conséquences importantes sur les interactions sociales. De tels troubles ont notamment été rapportés chez des patients présentant des troubles neurologiques (comme la maladie d’Alzheimer) ou psychiatriques (comme la schizophrénie). En fonction de leur sévérité, ces troubles peuvent être à l’origine de troubles graves du comportement, jusqu’à la réalisation de gestes de violence sévères, comme décrits par exemple dans certains troubles délirants de familiarité associés à la schizophrénie.Les objectifs de ce travail de thèse sont donc de clarifier les méthodes d’évaluation de la familiarité afin d’en préciser les corrélats neuronaux, puis chez les patients souffrant de schizophrénie, d’étudier le sentiment de familiarité, et d’évaluer les conséquences des altérations de ce sentiment, principalement en termes de risque de violence.Plusieurs études ont été menées afin de répondre à ces objectifs. Nous avons tout d’abord réalisé différentes méta-analyses des données d’imagerie de la littérature, selon les méthodes d’évaluation employées, pour déterminer avec précision les réseaux cérébraux impliqués dans le traitement de stimuli familiers. Nous avons ensuite développé une méthode d’étude du sentiment de familiarité permettant de quantifier le sentiment de familiarité, et adaptée aux patients présentant des troubles cognitifs, comme les patients souffrants de schizophrénie. L’évaluation de l’association entre les troubles de la familiarité et le risque de violence a été réalisée à partir d’une revue de littérature des descriptions de cas de gestes violents réalisés dans des contextes de troubles de familiarité pour mettre en évidence les facteurs de risque de violence communs à ces situations cliniques. Afin d’objectiver ces données, nous avons également effectué une évaluation clinique systématique des troubles du sentiment de familiarité des patients souffrant de schizophrénie. Cette étude a été réalisée en population carcérale pour permettre une évaluation au sein d’une population particulièrement à risque de violence.A travers les travaux présentés dans cette thèse, nous avons abordé l’étude de la familiarité, du sujet sain au patient de psychiatrie, de l’étude des mécanismes cérébraux à celle des conséquences comportementales. Les résultats de ces travaux confirment l’importance à accorder à l’étude du sentiment de familiarité, et à celle de ses troubles, en particulier dans les populations de patients psychiatriques
Familiarity is the feeling that provides the experience that a person, an object, a place, has been previously encountered independent of any recollection of the associated details. Thus, the feeling of familiarity may be reached even when the stimulus is not clearly recognized. Familiarity has been studied using various approaches. Major research has been conducted in the context of recognition memory and faces recognition.Familiarity disorders have been described as a failure of affective judgment capable of strongly impacting social interactions. They are notably present in some neurological disorders (such as in Alzheimer’s disease) and psychiatric disorders (such as in schizophrenia). Depending on the symptoms severity, these disorders may lead to serious violent behaviors, as reported in some delusional misidentification disorders related to schizophrenia.The objectives of this work were to clarify the experimental procedures used for familiarity assessment, in order to identify the brain regions that sustain the processing of familiarity. Then, we focused on patients with schizophrenia. Our purpose was to assess the feeling of familiarity in schizophrenia patients, and the consequences of familiarity disorders in these patients on the risk of violence.Several studies have been conducted to meet these objectives. First, we performed separate brain meta-analyses of published neuroimaging data, following the approach employed, in order to determine the brain networks that are involved in the processing of familiarity. Second, we developed an original paradigm for studying the feeling of familiarity that was particularly suited to patients with cognitive disorders, such as patients with schizophrenia. Then, we assessed the association between familiarity disorders and risk of violence by realizing a literature review of published cases of patients having committed violent acts associated to familiarity disorders. Finally, we tried to confirm this association with a systematic evaluation of familiarity disorders of patients with schizophrenia. This last study was conducted in a specific population that was at high-risk of presenting violent behavior, i.e. inmates hospitalized in a psychiatric unit of prison setting.The research presented in this thesis has enabled us to explore familiarity from healthy individuals to psychiatric patients and from the study of neural bases to that of behavioral consequences. The results from these studies confirm the importance to further study familiarity and familiarity disorders, in particular in patients with psychiatric disorders
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Karacan, Hacer. "The Role Of Familiarity On Change Perception." Phd thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12608606/index.pdf.

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In this study the mechanisms that control attention in natural scenes was examined. It was explored whether familiarity with the environment makes participants more sensitive to changes or novel events in the scene. Previous investigation of this issue has been based on viewing 2D pictures/images of simple objects or of natural scenes, a situation which does not accurately reflect the challenges of natural vision. In order to examine this issue, as well as the differences between 2D and 3D environments, two experiments were designed in which the general task demands could be manipulated. The results revealed that familiarity with the environment significantly increased the time spent fixating regions in the scene where a change had occurred. The results support the hypothesis that we learn the structure of natural scenes over time, and that attention is attracted by deviations from the stored scene representation. Such a mechanism would allow attention to objects or events that were not explicitly on the current cognitive agenda.
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Books on the topic "Familiarity"

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Barclay, Mark T. The sin of familiarity: Those practicing excessive familiarity, a devasting sin. Midland, Mich: M. Barclay Publications, 1989.

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David, Hillen, ed. Living downtown: --familiarity breeds content. Burlington, Ont: North Shore Pub., 2000.

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S, Kirsch Irwin, ed. Computer familiarity among TOEFL examinees. Princeton, N.J: Educational Testing Service, 1998.

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Newby, Peter. Knowledge, familiarity and the appreciation of townscape. Enfield: Geography and Planning, 1992.

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Newby, Peter. Knowledge, familiarity and the appreciation of townscape. Enfield: Middlesex University,School of Geography and Environmental Management, 1992.

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editor, Simon Barney, ed. Familiarity is the kingdom of the lost. Johannesburg: Penguin Books, 2007.

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Music and familiarity: Listening, musicology and performance. Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate, 2013.

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Barney, Simon, ed. Familiarity is the kingdom of the lost. New York: Four Walls Eight Windows, 1989.

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1947-, Atkinson Paul, ed. Fighting familiarity: Essays on education and ethnography. Cresskill, N.J: Hampton Press, 1995.

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1969-, Carretero González Margarita, and Hidalgo Tenorio Encarnación 1968-, eds. Behind the veil of familiarity: C.S. Lewis (1898-1998). Bern: P. Lang, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Familiarity"

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Turner, Phil. "Familiarity." In How We Cope with Digital Technology, 11–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-02201-2_2.

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Church, Barbara A., Andres F. Sanchez, and Brooke N. Jackson. "Familiarity." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47829-6_1722-1.

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Church, Barbara A., Andres F. Sanchez, and Brooke N. Jackson. "Familiarity." In Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior, 2624–27. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55065-7_1722.

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Burch, Rebecca L. "Semen Familiarity." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 1–2. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_2012-1.

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Foad, Hisham. "Familiarity Bias." In Behavioral Finance, 277–94. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118258415.ch15.

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Burch, Rebecca L. "Semen Familiarity." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 7001–3. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_2012.

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Nofsinger, John R. "Representativeness and Familiarity." In The Psychology of Investing, 97–111. 7th ed. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003159704-8.

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Pentaris, Panagiotis, and Kate Woodthorpe. "Familiarity with death." In Death, Grief and Loss in the Context of COVID-19, 17–28. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003125990-1-3.

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Kinoshita, Sachiko. "Feeling of Familiarity." In Metacognition, 79–90. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1099-4_6.

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Frey, Kurt P., and Aiden P. Gregg. "Familiarity Breeds Liking." In Experiments With People, 109–16. Second edition. | New York, NY : Routledge, 2018. | Earlier edition authored by Robert P. Abelson.: Psychology Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315101347-14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Familiarity"

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Huleihel, Wasim, and Muriel Medard. "Privacy through familiarity." In 2017 IEEE Information Theory Workshop (ITW). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itw.2017.8277951.

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Clark, Sandy, Stefan Frei, Matt Blaze, and Jonathan Smith. "Familiarity breeds contempt." In the 26th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1920261.1920299.

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Zhang, Hao. "Sense of Familiarity." In CHI '19: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3290607.3308460.

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Bernadic, Ursa, and Benjamin Scheibehenne. "Familiarity Attracts Consumer Attention: Two Methods to Objectively Measure Consumer Brand Familiarity." In Digital Support from Crisis to Progressive Change. University of Maribor Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-485-9.11.

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Brand familiarity is an important and frequently used concept in marketing research and practice. Existing measures of brand familiarity typically rely on subjective self-reports and Likert scales. Here we develop and empirically test two implicit measures to quantify brand familiarity. Based on research in visual attention and computer image processing, observers in a first visual search task are incentivized to quickly find a target brand among varying numbers of competitor brands. In the second approach, we measure the speed at which observers can identify a target brand that is gradually revealed. Both approaches are validated in preregistered experiments. Results show that reaction times predict brand familiarity on an individual level beyond conventional self-reports, even when controlling for “bottom-up” visual features of the brand logo. Our findings offer an innovative way to objectively measure brand familiarity and contribute to the understanding of consumer attention.
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Gustavsson, Lisa, Petter Kallioinen, Eeva Klintfors, and Jonas Lindh. "Neural processing of voices - familiarity." In ICA 2013 Montreal. ASA, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4800901.

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Cortes, J. M., A. Greve, and M. C. W. van Rossum. "Dynamical effects on familiarity discrimination." In COOPERATIVE BEHAVIOR IN NEURAL SYSTEMS: Ninth Granada Lectures. AIP, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2709599.

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Alaydrus, Lely Lubna, and Dewi Nusraningrum. "Employees' Familiarity of Computer Ergonomics." In International Conference on Business, Economy, Entrepreneurship and Management. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0009958501210126.

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Muresan, G., M. Cole, C. L. Smith, Lu Liu, and N. J. Belkin. "Does Familiarity Breed Content? Taking Account of Familiarity with a Topic in Personalizing Information Retrieval." In Proceedings of the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS'06). IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2006.130.

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Wen, Huiying, and Gang Xue. "How to Measure Driver’s Route Familiarity." In 20th COTA International Conference of Transportation Professionals. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784483053.384.

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Maknickienė, Nijolė, Raimonda Martinkutė-Kaulienė, and Lina Rapkevičiūtė. "FAMILIARITY BIAS INVESTIGATIO IN PORTFOLIO CREATION." In 12th International Scientific Conference „Business and Management 2022“. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bm.2022.775.

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The prevailing opinion exists that investors include to their portfolio what they know or what is located around them. Investment decision, which is impacted by familiarity bias, avoid including international companies to portfolio which might lead to lower performance compared to portfolio which has both, local and international, stocks in a portfolio. The aim of this study is to analyse the impact of familiarity bias on investment decision, to form port-folios from the stocks listed on the Nasdaq Baltic stock exchange and compare their performance to global portfolios, which are formed from the stocks listed on the New York Stock Exchange. Investment portfolios were built using mean variance (MV) and Black–Litterman (BL) models. The analysis revealed that the returns of the portfolios built on the Nasdaq Baltic exchange are higher than the returns of the global portfolios. Additionally, the volatility of returns is lower for Nasdaq Baltic portfolios. When selected markets have different growth rates, investment decisions based on familiarity bias can achieve better results.
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Reports on the topic "Familiarity"

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Childs, Michelle L., and Byoungho Jin. Successful Brand and Retailer Collaborations: Does Brand Familiarity Matter? Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1473.

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Han, Tae-Im, and Leslie Stoel. A typology of consumers’ familiarity and experience of organic cotton apparel. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-492.

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Ben-David, Itzhak, Justin Birru, and Andrea Rossi. Industry Familiarity and Trading: Evidence from the Personal Portfolios of Industry Insiders. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22115.

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Yu, Ui-Jeen, and Hyun-Hwa Lee. Effect of Brand Familiarity and Brand Loyalty on Imagery Elaboration in Online Apparel Shopping. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-530.

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Calomiris, Charles, and Elliot S. M. Oh. Who Owned Citibank? Familiarity Bias and Business Network Influences on Stock Purchases, 1925-1929. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, March 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w24431.

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McNeese, Michael D. Lateral Asymmetry in Pattern Recognition: Understanding the Effects of Familiarity, Distinction, and Perspective Change. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada217739.

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Aimes, Ashley, Steven Ginnis, Cameron Garrett, and Elena Di Antonio. Developing rapid and effective communications testing: background and methodology. Food Standards Agency, February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.quz737.

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In November 2021, the Food Standards Agency (FSA) commissioned Ipsos to build on previous research and guidance to establish a process to rapidly test communication pieces. We achieved this by piloting different survey tools and testing existing communication pieces. The FSA wanted to identify features that make their communications most effective. This report presents the learnings from the pilot, which can be used to aid the development of future communications. This report is split into five sections: 1 Executive summary 2 How the pieces of communication landed: including initial reactions and engagement. 3 Reputation indicators: exploring how exposure to materials impacts awareness, familiarity, favourability, and trust in the FSA. 4 Topic specific indicators: exploring the impact exposure to materials has on people’s familiarity and attitudes towards the specific topics covered by them. 5 Testing different best before/use by dates messages: findings from the AB testing using Ipsos DUEL.
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Rose, Jennifer, Eunjoo Cho, and Kathleen R. Smith. The Effects of Brand Familiarity on Perceived Risk, Attitude, and Purchase Intentions toward an Intimate Apparel Brand. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-1500.

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Tetzlaff, Sasha, Jinelle Sperry, and Brett DeGregorio. You can go your own way : no evidence for social behavior based on kinship or familiarity in captive juvenile box turtles. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/44923.

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Behavioral interactions between conspecific animals can be influenced by relatedness and familiarity. To test how kinship and familiarity influenced social behavior in juvenile Eastern Box Turtles (Terrapene carolina), 16 captive-born individuals were reared under semi-natural conditions in four equally sized groups, where each group comprised pairs of siblings and non-siblings. Using separation distance between pairs of turtles in rearing enclosures as a measure of gregariousness, we found no evidence suggesting siblings more frequently interacted with one another compared to non-relatives over the first five months of life. Average pair separation distance decreased during this time but may have been due to turtles aggregating around resources like heat and moist retreat areas as colder temperatures approached. At eight months old, we again measured repeated separation distances between unique pair combinations and similarly found no support for associations being influenced by kinship. Agonistic interactions between individuals were never observed. Based on our results, group housing and rearing of juvenile box turtles did not appear to negatively impact their welfare. Unlike findings for other taxa, our results suggest strategically housing groups of juvenile T. carolina to maintain social stability may not be an important husbandry consideration when planning releases of captive-reared individuals for conservation purposes.
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Bhaduri, Gargi. Do I Know You? Impact of Consumers� Brand Schema and Brand Familiarity on Brand Affect and Attitude for Pro-Environmental Messages. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University. Library, January 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa.8363.

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